Books on the topic 'Nox scaling'
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1
D, Schertzer, and Lovejoy S. 1956-, eds. Non-linear variability in geophysics: Scaling and fractals. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.
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2
Markowitz, Lisa Beth. The precarious balance of "scaling up": Women's organizations in the Americas. East Lansing, Mich: Women and International Development, Michigan State University, 2001.
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3
J, McKane A., North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., and NATO Advanced Study Institute on Scale Invariance, Interfaces, and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics (1994 : Cambridge, England), eds. Scale invariance, interfaces, and non-equilibrium dynamics. New York: Plenum Press, 1995.
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4
Crotin, David L. A non-linear scaling function with application to a scalable human head model. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1994.
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5
Michel, Pleimling, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions: Volume 2: Ageing and Dynamical Scaling Far from Equilibrium. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2010.
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6
Casey, Linda. Scaling up youth HIV/AIDS prevention: The experience of Pathfinder International and the Foundation for Community Development in Inhambane Province, Mozambique. Maputo, Mozambique: Pathfinder International Mozambique, 2004.
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7
Bekunda, Mateete, Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, and Jonathan Odhong, eds. Sustainable agricultural intensification: a handbook for practitioners in East and Southern Africa. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800621602.0000.
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Abstract This book presents some of the improved agricultural technologies that were validated by the Africa RISING Project in East and Southern Africa (ESA), focusing on smallholder farmers in Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, and working in partnership with development (scaling) institutions. It consists of 11 chapters. Chapter 1 shows how gender concerns must be woven into all sustainable intensification (SI) interventions to produce equitable outcomes. It describes activities to enhance women's participation, measure the benefits, and transform gender relations. Chapter 2 describes the performance of new cereal and legume crop varieties introduced by Africa RISING into agroecosystems in which they had not been tested before. Chapter 3 presents technologies to diversify the common maize-dominated cropping systems and address human nutrition, improve soil organic matter, and maximize the benefits of applying fertilizer. Chapter 4 presents technologies for replacing the nutrients lost from cropped fields with external fertilizer sources in a manner that minimizes the consequences of too little or too much application. Chapter 5 is about soil conservation. Chapter 6 presents conservation agriculture, which can help smallholder farmers build better resilience to the consequences of climate change and variable weather. Improved technologies for drying, shelling, and hermetic storage of grain are presented in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 provides information to help farmers use outputs from crop production systems to formulate supplementary feed. Chapter 9 follows with technologies that allow well-planned nutrition-specific interventions (recipes) to utilize various livestock and crop products to enhance family nutrition, with specific attention paid to diets for children. Chapter 10 presents examples from the preceding chapters to illustrate the potential impacts of interconnected technologies. Lastly, Chapter 11 presents experiences and lessons learned from using these approaches to transfer and scale the technologies.
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Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Scaling responses. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0004.
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This chapter presents various ways of presenting the response options to the respondent. It begins by discussing why dichotomous responses (e.g. yes/no, true/false) are often inadequate. Different alternatives are discussed, including direct estimation methods (e.g. visual analogue scales, adjectival scales, Likert scales), comparative methods (e.g. paired comparisons, Guttman scaling), and econometric methods. It reviews some of the issues that need to be considered in writing the response options, such as whether one should use a unipolar or bipolar scale, how many steps there should be, and whether all the response options need to be labelled. It also covers what statistical tests can legitimately be used with scales. Finally, it compares ratings with rankings, and introduces the method of multidimensional scaling.
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Non-Linear Variability in Geophysics: Scaling and Fractals. Springer, 2012.
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10
Schertzer, D., and S. Lovejoy. Non-Linear Variability in Geophysics: Scaling and Fractals. Springer, 2012.
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11
Schertzer, D., and S. Lovejoy. Non-Linear Variability in Geophysics: Scaling and Fractals. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
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12
(Editor), D. Schertzer, and S. Lovejoy (Editor), eds. Non-Linear Variability in Geophysics: Scaling and Fractals. Springer, 1990.
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13
Vannimenus, Jean, Michel Droz, Dietrich Wolf, and Alan McKane. Scale Invariance, Interfaces, and Non-Equilibrium Dynamics. Springer, 2013.
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14
Scale Invariance, Interfaces, and Non-equilibrium Dynamics (NATO Science Series: B:). Springer, 2007.
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15
Brooker, Paul, and Margaret Hayward. eBay: Whitman’s The Power Of Many. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825395.003.0007.
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Focusing on e-commerce and the Internet this chapter describes how Whitman used all seven rational methods in her scaling-up enhancement of eBay—the now iconic online-auction corporation. After describing eBay’s pre-Whitman era, the chapter examines her use of rational methods as a scaling-up CEO developing an early Internet, e-commerce start-up into a global corporation. Whitman emphasized learning and both quantitative and strategic calculation during this scaling up in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The final section compares the short-term scaling-up opportunities of eBay with the longer-term opportunities offered to Amazon’s founding leader, Bezos, as he diversified Amazon from online bookseller into wide-ranging online retailer and developer of high-tech products and services. This last section argues that Whitman made the most of the comparatively short-term opportunity offered by eBayism, just as Bezos has made the most of the longer-term opportunity offered by Amazonism.
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Henkel, Malte, and Michel Pleimling. Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions : Volume 2: Ageing and Dynamical Scaling Far from Equilibrium. Springer, 2014.
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17
Critical Dynamics: A Field Theory Approach to Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Scaling Behavior. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
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18
Jones, Geoffrey. Accidental Sustainability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198706977.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the scaling and diffusion of green entrepreneurship between 1980 and the present. It explores how entrepreneurs and business leaders promoted the idea that business and sustainability were compatible. It then examines the rapid growth of organic foods, natural beauty, ecological architecture, and eco-tourism. Green firms sometimes grew to a large scale, such as the retailer Whole Foods Market in the United States. The chapter explores how greater mainstreaming of these businesses resulted in a new set of challenges arising from scaling. Organic food was now transported across large distances causing a negative impact on carbon emissions. More eco-tourism resulted in more air travel and bigger airports. In other industries scaling had a more positive impact. Towns were major polluters, so more ecological buildings had a positive impact.
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Ali, Mohammed Musthafa Soukath, and Samantha Mason. Get SAFe Now: A Lightning Introduction to the Most Popular Scaling Framework on Agile. Independently Published, 2017.
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20
Making an Impact in HIV and AIDS: NGO Experiences of Scaling Up. Practical Action, 2003.
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21
Salinas-Rodríguez, Sergio G., Jan C. Schippers, Gary L. Amy, In S. Kim, and Maria D. Kennedy. Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination: Assessment and Pre-treatment of Fouling and Scaling. IWA Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781780409863.
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This book can of interest to undergraduate and graduate engineering students and researchers, academics, plant operators, consultants, professionals and practitioners in the water sector. The book is not necessarily intended to be read from cover to cover, but consulted as the need arises. The content of this book deals with: Membrane-based desalinationBasic principles of reverse osmosisFouling and pre-treatmentParticulate foulingOrganic and biological foulingAlgal bloom eventsInorganic foulingScalingProcess designRecent advances and emerging processes This book forms part of the Master of Science curriculum in Water Supply Engineering and of the Master of Science Programme in Water and Sustainable Development at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education. ISBN: 9781780409856 (Hardback) ISBN: 9781780409863 (eBook)
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Rhodes1, Rémi, and Vincent Vargas2. Gaussian multiplicative chaos and Liouville quantum gravity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797319.003.0012.
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The purpose of this chapter is to explain the probabilistic construction of Polyakov’s Liouville quantum gravity using the theory of Gaussian multiplicative chaos. In particular, this chapter contains a detailed description of the so-called Liouville measures of the theory and their conjectured relation to the scaling limit of large planar maps properly embedded in the sphere. This chapter is rather short and requires no prior knowledge on the topic.
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von Hirsch, Andreas. Multiple-Offense Sentencing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190607609.003.0010.
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This chapter offers some additional thoughts on the subject of multiple-offense sentencing. It discusses John Taurek’s indeterminacy thesis and its plausibility with regards to multiple-count cases. It then considers two desert-based limiting principles applicable to multiple-offense situations: normative breaks and overall proportionality. It also examines the possibility of utilizing a heuristic model, an example of which is Martin Borgeke’s scheme for scaling multiple offenses. Finally, it highlights the limitations of desert theory and argues that it may not be able to assist us all the way in developing a sentencing doctrine for multiple offenders.
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Ansar, Atif, Bent Flyvbjerg, Alexander Budzier, and Daniel Lunn. Big Is Fragile. Edited by Bent Flyvbjerg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.013.5.
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This chapter characterizes the propensity of big capital investments to systematically deliver poor outcomes as “fragility”—a notion suggested by Nassim Taleb. A thing or system that is easily harmed by randomness is fragile. It is argued that, contrary to their appearance, big capital investments break easily—they deliver negative net present value—due to various sources of uncertainty that impact them during their long gestation, implementation, and operation periods. The existence of economies of scale and scope is not refuted; instead, it is argued that big capital investments have a disproportionate (non-linear) exposure to uncertainties that deliver poor or negative returns above and beyond their economies of scale and scope. It is further argued that to succeed, leaders of capital projects need to carefully consider where scaling pays off and where it does not. To automatically assume that “bigger is better,” which is common in megaproject management, is a recipe for failure.
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Holland, John H. 2. Complex physical systems (CPS). Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199662548.003.0002.
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‘Complex physical systems’ considers the characteristics of complex physical systems (CPS), which are often geometric (specifically, lattice-like) arrays of elements, in which interactions typically depend only on effects propagated from nearest neighbors. The elements of a CPS follow fixed physical laws, usually expressed by differential equations—Newton’s laws of gravity and Maxwell’s laws of electromagnetism are cases in point. Neither the laws nor the elements change over time; only the positions of the elements change. CPS show several properties: self-organized criticality, self-similarity, scaling, and power laws. Examples of these properties—such as, snowflake curves, fractals, networks, dynamics, and symmetry-breaking—are discussed.
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Mosweu, Iris, and Paul McCrone. Economic evaluations in global mental health. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199680467.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses the importance of undertaking economic evaluations in mental health and the subsequent use of the results to inform policy relating to priority setting, resource allocation, or simply scaling up mental health services in low and middle income settings. We present examples o f economic evaluations conducted either alongside clinical trials or using economic models, in LAMIC. We also point out challenges that researchers in these settings may encounter and possible ways of dealing with these, but at the same time acknowledging that economic evaluation does not provide all solutions for issues facing mental health in the developing world. Access to services, affordability, equity, and stigma also need to be given a priority, while economic evaluation first needs to be understood and approved by policy makers, before it can be adopted.
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Poole, Keith T. The Evolving Influence of Psychometrics in Political Science. Edited by Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady, and David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0009.
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This article outlines how the measurement of political issue spaces has developed in the past eighty years through borrowings from psychometrics (scaling, factor analysis, and unfolding), additions from political science theories (the spatial theory of voting and ideal points), and confronting the special problems of political survey, roll-call, and interest-group ratings data. Psychometrics is a subfield of psychology devoted to the development, evaluation, and application of mental tests of various kinds. In the 1980s, political scientists began combining techniques from econometrics and statistics with approaches developed by psychometricians. The effect of psychometrics displays no sign of abating in political science. The level of sophistication of psychometric applications in political science has steadily increased in the past twenty years.
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Care for Mental Health Conditions in Jamaica: The Case for Investment. Evaluating the Return on Investment of Scaling Up Treatment for Depression, Anxiety, and Psychosis. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275121184.
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Mental health is critical to personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and successful contributions to society. Mental health conditions consequently impose a high burden not only on individuals, families and society, but also on economies. In Jamaica, mental health conditions are highly prevalent and major contributors to morbidity, disability, and premature mortality. Encouragingly, with timely and effective treatment, individuals suffering from mental health conditions can lead productive and satisfying lives. This publication, the first of its kind, provides evidence and guidance to support the development, financing, and implementation of mental health interventions in Jamaica. Specifically, it estimates the return on investment (ROI) from scaling up treatment for anxiety, depression, and psychosis. The results from this analysis show that Jamaica can significantly reduce the health and economic burden of mental health conditions by investing in cost-effective recommended interventions designed to improve mental health.
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Mukherjee, Joia S. Community Health Workers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662455.003.0008.
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Community Health Workers (CHW) are an important cadre of health care personnel, particularly in impoverished countries. CHW program began with China’s “Barefoot Doctor” campaign. The Barefoot Doctors were lay people educated to provide basic medical education and care in rural China in the 1950s–1970s. CHWs have evolved over the years and now perform a variety of functions in many countries, from education to prevention, case finding to treatment, and referral to follow-up. This cadre is often used to fill the gap in human resources. There are a number of challenges in scaling up and sustaining CHW programs, including the adequate training, compensation, and supervision of CHWs within the health system. This chapter will begin with a historical look at the roots of CHW programs, explore their current status, and address some of the challenges inherent in fully utilizing the potential of this group of health workers.
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Michener, J. Lloyd, Brian C. Castrucci, Don W. Bradley, Edward L. Hunter, Craig W. Thomas, Catherine Patterson, and Elizabeth Corcoran, eds. The Practical Playbook II. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190936013.001.0001.
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Nontraditional collaborations have produced some of the most sweeping, health-improving results in recent memory. But whether it is public/private, cross-discipline, or interagency, the formula for identifying these partnerships — not to mention making them work — remains very much in progress. This text elucidates what works (and what doesn't) when it comes to collaborating for change in and around health. It brings together voices of experience and authority to answer this topic's most challenging questions and provide guideposts for applying what they've learned to today's thorniest problems. The book aims to answer questions related to identifying sectors and actors that can help to collaborate to improve health; effective practices for initial engagement; specifics related to collaborations with government, business, faith communities, and other types of partners; the role of data in establishing and running a partnership; scaling up to maximize impact and remain sustainable; the role of financing; and implications for policy.
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Thurner, Stefan, Rudolf Hanel, and Peter Klimekl. The Future of the Science of Complex Systems? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821939.003.0007.
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The chapter is a mini outlook on the field. The classic achievenments in complexity science are mentioned, and we summarize how the new directions contained in this book might open new doors into a truly twenty-first-century science of complex systems.We do that by clarifying the origin of scaling laws, in particular for driven non-equilibrium systems, deriving the statistics of driven systems on the basis of driving and relaxing processes, categorizing probabilistic complex systems into universality classes, by developing ways for meaningful generalizations of statistical mechanics, and information theory so that they become useful for complex systems, and finally, by unifying the different approaches to evolution and co-evolution into a single mathematical framework that can serve as the basis for understanding co-evolutionary dynamics of states and interactions. We comment on our view of the role of artificial intelligence and our opinion on the future of science of complex systems.
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Thomas, George. The (Un)Written Constitution. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197555972.001.0001.
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The late Justice Scalia relished pointing to departures from text as departures from the Constitution, but in fact his jurisprudence relied on unwritten ideas. As textualism has become more prominent with the elevation of Justices Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, and Barrett to the Supreme Court—jurists in the mold of Scalia—it is crucial to reveal the unwritten ideas that drive textualist readings of the Constitution. Our deepest debates about America’s written Constitution are not about constitutional text but about the unwritten ideas and understandings that guide our reading of text. This fact is obscured by the public understanding of textualism and originalism as put forward by its most prominent judicial advocates. The (Un)Written Constitution makes these ideas visible by turning to the practices of Supreme Court justices and political actors in interpreting the Constitution over more than two centuries. From founding debates about freedom of speech and religion to contemporary arguments about judicial review, the separation of powers, same-sex marriage, and partisan gerrymandering, this work highlights the too-often unacknowledged ideas that animate our debates about the written Constitution. Contrary to textual jurists, these recurrent debates are not about whether to follow the text; they are disputes about what fidelity to the text requires. How do we weigh and balance different textual provisions and see them as part of a constitutional whole? The text does not answer such questions. This book illustrates that moving beyond the text is an inescapable feature of interpreting America’s written Constitution.
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Horton, Zach. Ant and Empire: Myrmetic Writing, Simulation and the Problem of Reciprocal Becomings. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474422734.003.0006.
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This chapter considers the ant as a limit case of becoming-animal in order to problematize a troubling reciprocity of becoming. For the ant, already multiple, already molecularized, adapts to every niche on earth, constitutes its territory through a limitless processural colonization of the other that involves endless becomings, endless deterritorializations and reconstitutions as a species body at multiple scales. In short, the ant is the perfect Deleuzean animal, and yet as H. G. Wells captures so astutely in his story, “The Empire of the Ants,” it is also the most imperial and hierarchized. If the human becomes animal so that the animal can become something else, becoming-ant affords the potential for the ant to, alarmingly, become human. In addition to discussing Wells’ story, the chapter explores Bernard Werber’s 1991 novel Les Fourmis as well as Google’s game interface, Swarm!, which allows for a more robust engagement with the dynamics of scale for Deleuzean philosophy, which often (though not always) engages scale as a continuum when in fact all becomings make use of scalar quanta. By jumping scales rather than “scaling,” a molecularization is able to generate new degrees of freedom which would engage the alterior dynamics of other scales.
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Tanasa, Adrian. Combinatorial Physics. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895493.001.0001.
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After briefly presenting (for the physicist) some notions frequently used in combinatorics (such as graphs or combinatorial maps) and after briefly presenting (for the combinatorialist) the main concepts of quantum field theory (QFT), the book shows how algebraic combinatorics can be used to deal with perturbative renormalisation (both in commutative and non-commutative quantum field theory), how analytic combinatorics can be used for QFT issues (again, for both commutative and non-commutative QFT), how Grassmann integrals (frequently used in QFT) can be used to proCve new combinatorial identities (generalizing the Lindström–Gessel–Viennot formula), how combinatorial QFT can bring a new insight on the celebrated Jacobian conjecture (which concerns global invertibility of polynomial systems) and so on. In the second part of the book, matrix models, and tensor models are presented to the reader as QFT models. Several tensor model results (such as the implementation of the large N limit and of the double-scaling limit for various such tensor models, N being here the size of the tensor) are then exposed. These results are natural generalizations of results extensively used by theoretical physicists in the study of matrix models and they are obtained through intensive use of combinatorial techniques (this time mainly enumerative techniques). The last part of the book is dedicated to the recently discovered relation between tensor models and the holographic Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model, model which has been extensively studied in the last years by condensed matter and by high-energy physicists.
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Rockman, Deborah A. The Art of Teaching Art. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195130799.001.0001.
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Often the finest artists do not make the best teachers. Many frustrated college students of art know this all too well as they suffer through unstructured classes with inexperienced teachers or graduate student instructors. In these situations, it is easy to blame the teachers. But the problem is largely institutional: most students graduating with MFAs from art schools receive little if any instruction in teaching art. If you find yourself in this predicament as teacher or student, this book is for you. The first book to provide a comprehensive guide for teaching college-level art, The Art of Teaching Art is the culmination of respected artist and instructor Deborah Rockman's two decades of teaching experience. Believing that drawing is the backbone of all of the visual arts, she begins with a complete explanation of drawing concepts that apply to any subject matter, e.g., composition, sighting processes, scaling techniques, and methods for linear and tonal development. She then illustrates these concepts with step-by-step methods that easily translate to classroom exercises. Next, she applies the drawing principles to every artist's most important and challenging subject, the human figure. After an extended section on understanding and teaching perspective that explores illusionistic form and space, the focus of the book shifts to the studio classroom itself and the essential elements that go into making an effective learning environment and curriculum. From preparing materials lists and syllabi, to setting up still-lifes, handling difficult classroom situations, critiquing and grading student artworks, and shooting slides of student artworks, she leaves no stone unturned.
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Draganov, Alexandr. Mathematical Tools for Real-World Applications. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14218.001.0001.
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Techniques for applying mathematical concepts in the real world: six rarely taught but crucial tools for analysis, research, and problem-solving. Many young graduates leave school with a solid knowledge of mathematical concepts but struggle to apply these concepts in practice. Real scientific and engineering problems are different from those found in textbooks: they are messier, take longer to solve, and standard solution recipes might not apply. This book fills the gap between what is taught in the typical college curriculum and what a practicing engineer or scientist needs to know. It presents six powerful tools for analysis, research, and problem solving in the real world: dimensional analysis, limiting cases, symmetry, scaling, making order of magnitude estimates, and the method of successive approximations. The book does not focus on formulaic manipulations of equations, but emphasizes analysis and explores connections between the equations and the application. Each chapter introduces a set of ideas and techniques and then shows how these techniques apply to a series of problems. (Knowledge of algebra and trigonometry, but not calculus, is required.) The final two chapters tie all six techniques together and apply them to two real-world problems: computing the probability of a rare, catastrophic event, and tracking a satellite with a GPS receiver. Readers will learn how to analyze, dissect, and gain insight into the results by using all the techniques presented in earlier chapters—and discover how analysis tools work on problems not concocted for a textbook. The appendix provides solutions to many of the problems found throughout the book. Alexandr Draganov was born and raised in Kyiv, Ukraine; in light of the current war in Ukraine he will donate 100% of his royalties for the first year to support medical and humanitarian efforts there.
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Drahos, Peter. Survival Governance. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197534755.001.0001.
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The climate and energy crisis requires a strong state to change the direction, speed, scale, and financing of innovation in world capitalism in order to create a bio-digital energy paradigm. Four states are possible contenders for catalyzing this survival governance: China, the European Union, India, and the United States. China is an improbable leader, but less improbable than the other three. No US president can close down the fossil fuel industry in time. The US state, worried about the slippage of its technological superiority, is turning to regulatory mechanisms like intellectual property to slow China’s technological development. China will have to manage the risk of a United States bent on military primacy. China is urbanizing innovation on a historically unprecedented scale. Lying at the heart of the bio-digital energy paradigm is a global city-based network of innovation. China, more than the other three states, is scaling technology innovation through the building of experimental cities such as eco-cities, hydrogen cities, forest cities, and sponge cities. The Belt and Road Initiative will take this innovation well outside of China’s borders. China could help to place cities into a new relationship with their surrounding ecosystems. Drawing on more than 250 interviews, carried out in 17 countries, including the world’s four largest carbon emitters, the book shows how cities and their networks represent the best chance for growing climate survival governance for the 21st century.
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Fox, Raymond. The Use of Self. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190616144.001.0001.
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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic potential functions using NNs; (v) self-starting methods for obtaining analytic PES from ab inito electronic structure calculations using direct dynamics; (vi) development of a novel method, namely, combined function derivative approximation (CFDA) for simultaneous fitting of a PES and its corresponding force fields using feedforward neural networks; (vii) development of generalized PES using many-body expansions, NNs, and moiety energy approximations; (viii) NN methods for data analysis, reaction probabilities, and statistical error reduction in chemical reaction dynamics; (ix) accurate prediction of higher-level electronic structure energies (e.g. MP4 or higher) for large databases using NNs, lower-level (Hartree-Fock) energies, and small subsets of the higher-energy database; and finally (x) illustrative examples of NN applications to chemical reaction dynamics of increasing complexity starting from simple near equilibrium structures (vibrational state studies) to more complex non-adiabatic reactions. The monograph is prepared by an interdisciplinary group of researchers working as a team for nearly two decades at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK with expertise in gas phase reaction dynamics; neural networks; various aspects of MD and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of nanometric cutting, tribology, and material properties at nanoscale; scaling laws from atomistic to continuum; and neural networks applications to chemical reaction dynamics. It is anticipated that this emerging field of NN in chemical reaction dynamics will play an increasingly important role in MD, MC, and quantum mechanical studies in the years to come.
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Raff, Lionel, Ranga Komanduri, Martin Hagan, and Satish Bukkapatnam. Neural Networks in Chemical Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199765652.001.0001.
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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic potential functions using NNs; (v) self-starting methods for obtaining analytic PES from ab inito electronic structure calculations using direct dynamics; (vi) development of a novel method, namely, combined function derivative approximation (CFDA) for simultaneous fitting of a PES and its corresponding force fields using feedforward neural networks; (vii) development of generalized PES using many-body expansions, NNs, and moiety energy approximations; (viii) NN methods for data analysis, reaction probabilities, and statistical error reduction in chemical reaction dynamics; (ix) accurate prediction of higher-level electronic structure energies (e.g. MP4 or higher) for large databases using NNs, lower-level (Hartree-Fock) energies, and small subsets of the higher-energy database; and finally (x) illustrative examples of NN applications to chemical reaction dynamics of increasing complexity starting from simple near equilibrium structures (vibrational state studies) to more complex non-adiabatic reactions. The monograph is prepared by an interdisciplinary group of researchers working as a team for nearly two decades at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK with expertise in gas phase reaction dynamics; neural networks; various aspects of MD and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of nanometric cutting, tribology, and material properties at nanoscale; scaling laws from atomistic to continuum; and neural networks applications to chemical reaction dynamics. It is anticipated that this emerging field of NN in chemical reaction dynamics will play an increasingly important role in MD, MC, and quantum mechanical studies in the years to come.