Journal articles on the topic 'Novgorod (City)'
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1
Lukin, Pavel V. "“Novgorod the Great”." Slovene 7, no. 2 (2018): 383–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2018.7.2.15.
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The aim of the paper is to examine the concept that was crucial for the Novgorod’s political identity in the time of independence — ‘Novgorod the Great’ (Veliky Novgorod). The author takes into account not only mentions of this phrase in Novgorodian medieval documents and narratives, but also considerable and highly important evidence originating from other Russian lands and abroad (Hanseatic and Lithuanian documents written in Middle Low German and Latin). A review of the relevant publications shows that, at present, the issue still remains a controversial one. The author comes to the following conclusions. In Hanseatic documents, written in Middle Low German, ‘Novgorod the Great’ was already being mentioned since at least 1330s, which is more than sixty years earlier than is considered in the current conventional view. For the first time ‘Novgorod the Great’ is mentioned not in a Novgorodian text but in a Kievan one — in the account from the Hypatian Chronicle of 1141. In the second half of the 12th century it appeared in the principality of Vladimir-Suzdal, and only much later was adopted by Novgorodians themselves. While in Southern and North-East Rus’ ‘Novgorod the Great’ was initially used to distinguish Novgorod on the Volkhov River from local and smaller Novgorods (Novgorod-Seversky and Nizhny Novgorod), Novgorodians employed it to glorify their polity. In this case it could stand for three different things: the city of Novgorod, the whole polity (Novgorod republic), and ‘the political people’ of Novgorod, i.e. those of the Novgorodians who enjoyed full citizenship rights.
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Péderi, Tamás. "The Role of Economy in the Early Wars of Novgorod." Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis 9 (May 4, 2022): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/spmnnv.2017.09.06.
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Novgorod became the mercantile centre of the Northern Rus’ in the 10th century. After the city (or city-state) gained independence from Kiev in 1136, its main aim was to keep this position as its economy was based on trade. Evidently, the military and economic interests of the Novgorodian elite met and determined the city’s war policy. The early period, especially the 12th century was the creation of the “Novgorod Land”, expanding the city’s possessions in all corners of the region. During this expansion, Novgorod conquered local tribes and settlements in north-eastern Europe but instead of incorporating them directly into its realm, the city-state rather maintained taxing centres to get primary products as tribute for the Baltic trade. This expansive period ended around the 1220s when strong new enemies appeared at Novgorod’s borders: “Latin” crusaders in the West and Mongols in the East. Facing these new challenges Novgorod strengthened its dependencies and began to follow new, defensive policy. In this paper, my aim is to introduce the early, expansive period of Novgorod’s history and to highlight the links between the military activities and the economic interests of the city.
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Назаренко, Наталья, and Natal'ya Nazarenko. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE CITY GERMAN LAW ON REGULATION OF TRADE RELATIONS IN VELIKIY NOVGOROD IN THE XII—XVII CENTURIES." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 3, no. 4 (August 23, 2017): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_598063fa9740b6.23500509.
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The article examines the nature of the influence of Germany’s urban law on Novgorod’s schras and the development of trade relations between Velikiy Novgorod and the Hanseatic League. The history of the formation of the municipal law of Germany and its variants — the system of law of the cities of Magdeburg and Lübeck — is covered. The foundation of the law of Lübeck, Magdeburg and other cities was the norms on the basis of which relations were built with the emperor or the episcopal administration, therefore the city’s charters of Germany have a number of coincidences. Some legal provisions borrowed from the city charters, as well as the rights of Lübeck and Magdeburg, will subsequently be included in the texts of Novgorod’s trade agreements and Novgorod hiding after the organization of trade representations (courtyards, factories) of the Hansa. Novgorod’s schras — multidimensional collections containing provisions on the organization of the court, the rules of trade, as well as the rules of criminal law and process. The texts of the laws have come down to our time in seven editions. The basis for all subsequent versions of the collections was the text of the secret of the second half of the XII century. Organized nature, benefits, rights and economic interests allowed German merchants to gain advantages in trade and to exist in Novgorod as a corporation for several centuries. Structural changes in the trade relations of Novgorod and the cities of the Hanseatic League led to important changes in law, especially civil and commercial, most related to the economy. Economic interaction initiated the process of legal integration between Russia and the West, stimulated the rapprochement and mutual influence of Russian and European legal institutions, gave rise to new forms of law that are acceptable for today.
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Speshilova, E. I. "Public art in the historical city: Visualizing the local cultural code." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 4, no. 1 (2024): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2024-4(1)-23-38.
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The article analyses public art within the framework of the cultural approach – as a form of visualization of the city’s cultural code. The author examines the variants of public art comprehension existing in the Russian academic discourse and identifies the two most common approaches to the interpretation of art in the public space. According to the first approach, public art is interpreted as “commissioned” art, which is an instrument of the state’s ideological policy, and is therefore evaluated negatively. According to the second approach, public art is understood in a less evaluative and more meaningful way, emphasizing the variability of artistic practices existing within it, their focus on communication with society, participation of residents and reflection of locally significant meanings. The article emphasizes the commemorative functions of public art and comprehends its role in the actualization of the city’s cultural memory and representation of urban identity. The author explores what historical, cultural and mythological narratives are depicted on the murals in Veliky Novgorod, created within the framework of the All-Russian Street Art Festival “Pages of History” (2019– 2023). The article proposes to categorize Novgorod murals into the following thematic groups: 1) genius loci; 2) historical subjects; 3) myths and legends; 4) cultural heritage; 5) natural objects; 6) modern heroes. Art in Veliky Novgorod’s public spaces, especially located in typical Soviet districts, serve to individualize the urban environment and create new points of attraction for the city dwellers. Murals have become part of new excursion routes that run both through the symbolic city center and the city outskirts. The author argues that the subjects represented on the murals are authentic for Veliky Novgorod, contribute to the formation of local identity, enhance the imagery of the urban environment and emphasize the uniqueness of the Novgorod cultural landscape.
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Shaveleva, Marina. "The trends of growth and social-estate composition of the Arzamas uyezd population (1779—1860)." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 9-1 (September 1, 2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202209statyi23.
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The establishment of Arzamas as an uyezd center in the Nizhny Novgorod Viceroyalty (1779) and the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate (1796) marks a new stage in the development of the city and uyezd. In the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate Arzamas was the second most populated city after Nizhny Novgorod. Most of the citizens in the uyezd were peasants (private households), while in the city - burghers. Since 1779 till 1860 the population of Arzamas increased 4.6 times; the number of burghers increased 3.2 times, merchants - 5.7 times. Embracing the traits of the most typical uyezd center of 1779-1860, Arzamas is the model to research the administrative division, social-estate structure of uyezd cities in the governorate system, later - the governance system.
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Vasiliev, Ya. "ARCHIVAL MATERIALS ON THE HISTORY OF BANKS OF THE NOVGOROD PROVINCE (FROM THE FUNDS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HISTORICAL ARCHIVE AND THE STATE ARCHIVE OF THE NOVGOROD REGION)." PERSONAL FUNDS OF STATE ARCHIVES AS A SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION RESOURCE, no. 2 (2023): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/978-5-6049622-0-6-2023-12.
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The article discusses archival materials on the history of banks of the Novgorod province from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive and the State Archive of the Novgorod region. The materials of the Novgorod province are presented according to the varieties of these credit institutions: pre-reform credit institutions, the Novgorod branch of the peasant land bank, the state noble land bank, the state bank, city public banks.
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Ivanova, N. F. "«I see a city so far away that doesn’t exist…» (pre-war Novgorod in K. Paustovsky’s novel «The Smoke of the Fatherland»)." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 3, no. 1 (2023): 112–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2023-3(1)-112-133.
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The article is devoted to a special urban space – pre-war Novgorod, recreated by K. G. Paustovsky after a trip to the Russian North in the late 1930s. On the pages of the novel, the writer pays attention to the Pushkin Mountains, Odessa, and Leningrad but the chapters about Novgorod can be read as an independent text. The material of the study was the epistolary and literary heritage of the writer, in which there are references to Novgorod, the novel The Smoke of the Fatherland, which has a difficult publicist’s history. The aim of the study is to recreate the image of pre-war Novgorod, described by Paustovsky, not as a museum city but a city with a unique appearance, where the past and present, nature, art and culture, traditions coexist. The article is based on socio-critical, hermeneutical, semiotic, and discursive approaches. The main conclusions of the article are related to the fact that the novel, which bears the stamp of its time, the lyrical and romantic attitude of the writer of the 1930s and 1940s, maybe, if it is returned to the urban Novgorod text, relevant, and Paustovsky, pushed to the periphery, should remain in the space of Russian literature, Russian culture. The choice of material is due not only to academic interest in Paustovsky’s work, but also to concern about the fate and pressing problems of the city. Firstly, the visual range of the novel allows us to reconstruct the pre-war image of the city, which does not exist, since it was almost completely destroyed during the Great Patriotic War. Secondly, the proposed plans for the restoration of the city (in particular, Academician Shchusev) were often corrected, changed by local authorities, were not fully implemented, and shortterm pragmatic solutions often won. Novgorod is still going through transformations today, and one can only hope and believe that the time will come to return the lost face, the historical appearance to the city. Paustovsky’s novel will allow the reader to compare pre-war Novgorod with today’s appearance of the city, devoid of integrity and structure, and to think about its preservation.
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Gavrilov, A. M., and E. I. Speshilova. "Expert interview on the cultural code of Veliky Novgorod: The modernity of the historical city." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 4, no. 1 (2024): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2024-4(1)-64-77.
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The expert interview is devoted to the analysis of the cultural code of Veliky Novgorod and to the architectural techniques, which represent it in the urban environment. The expert considers the general concept of cultural code and examines the modern situation of Veliky Novgorod, where only a small part of authentic objects has been preserved, as most of the structures were destroyed during the Great Patriotic War. Also, the expert evaluates various city objects and projects in terms of combination of Novgorod architectural motifs and modern solutions in them, and emphasizes that the design code, which has been introduced in Veliky Novgorod since 2024, is very poorly connected with the cultural identity of the city. The key thesis of the interview is that all urban objects that are located outside the historic part of the city (outside the berm boundaries) should be resolved in a modern architectural language. In addition, the creation of new projects in contrast with the existing urban environment is described as one of the possible and productive strategies for working in the historical area of the city. In this way, contemporary architects and urban planners can make their original, authorial contribution to the historical city and leave their mark on the urban texture.
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Halin, Alexey A., Anna V. Kiseleva, Elena V. Kainova, and Elvira R. Sukhova. "TRANSFORMATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN 1991–1994 (based on the materials of Nizhny Novgorod)." Historical Search 3, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2022-3-3-44-55.
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The relevance of the article is to highlight previously unexplored process showing evolvement of local self-government bodies in modern Russia when a new system of public relations was created before the adoption of the country’s Constitution in 1993. The claim that creation of the municipal government system began on the basis of the new Constitution is not substantiated by historical research. The presented article is intended to fill this gap.
The material was prepared based on the study of scientific literature and archival materials. The basis of the research is made by documents from the archives of the city of Nizhny Novgorod and the Central Archive of Nizhny Novgorod region. At this, the concrete-historical method, methods of using external and internal criticism of documents, comparative analysis were used.
The article reveals the process of local self-government transformation in Nizhny Novgorod in 1991–1994. The attempts to reform local self-government were initiated as early as within the framework of the Soviet political system. However, drastic changes occurred here only after the August Putsch failure and the beginning of the leading communist party officials’ dismantling.
Changes in the system of local self-government bodies began with the executive branch. On December 24, 1991 By the Decree of the President B.E. Yeltsin the post of head of the Administration of the city of N. Novgorod was taken up by D.I. Bednyakov. This appointment was perceived by the deputies of Nizhny Novgorod City Council of People’s Deputies as an undemocratic step of the new “democratic” government. From that moment, the powers of the city executive committee of the local Council of People’s Deputies were terminated.
Nizhny Novgorod City Council of People’s Deputies functioned until the fall of 1993. After the October events in Moscow, a radical restructuring of the entire system of local self – government began on the basis of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 26 , 1993 “On the Basics of Organizing Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation for the Period of Step-By-Step Constitutional Reform.” In pursuance of this decree, an act was issued by the Head of the Administration dated 29.10.1993, according to which it was prescribed: “to cease the activities of Nizhny Novgorod City Council of People’s Deputies beginning from October 29, 1993.” Preparations began for the election of a new representative body of city self–government – the City Duma of Nizhny Novgorod. Following the results of the elections held on March 27, 1994, the staff of the first convocation of the City Duma was formed.
The article argumentatively shows that formation of new local self-government bodies began on the basis of decrees issued by the President of the Russian Federation and resolutions of local authorities even earlier than adoption of the Constitution of 1993. This conclusion has important practical and theoretical significance for understanding the political history of modern Russia.
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Gyóni, Gábor. "Р. Г. Скрынников и Великий Новгород." Canadian–American Slavic Studies 47, no. 4 (2013): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102396-04704003.
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Novgorod the Great occupies an important place in Russian history and historiography. The so-called democratic structure of Novgorod had been idealized by Russian writers, but the fact that Novgorod was captured by Moscow was simultaneously considered to be a progressive development. R. G. Skrynnikov studied the history of Novgorod at the beginning of his career. He believed that pomest’e estates arose in the Novgorod region as a result of Moscow’s agression. As for Ivan IV’s terror against the city, Skrynnikov thought it was primarily a campaign against the democratic traditions of Novgorodian people. Skrynnikov was a representative of the Saint-Petersburg school of history characterized by anthropocentrism, esteem for sources, and historiography without political ideology.
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Petrov, Mikhail, and Olga Tarabardina. "Novgorod in 10th–14th centuries: city area evolution." Archaeological news 28 (2020): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/1817-6976-2020-28-134-151.
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The article deals with development of Novgorod in 10th–14th cc. Main task of the research was to study dynamics of spatial changes of medieval city using archaeological data and GIS-techniques for modeling and mapping of this process and dendrochronology as source of chronological boundaries. Chronology of constructions of each archaeological site became a source for housing distribution maps with an interval of 50 years. These maps also contain medieval churches (both lost and survived) as additional markers of city area development. This research resulted with five-century picture of city area evolution with phases of city growth along with time of decline in the first half of the 13th c.
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Brzozowska, Zofia. "Sophia – the Personification of Divine Wisdom in the Culture of Novgorod the Great from 13th to 15th Century." Studia Ceranea 4 (December 30, 2014): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.04.01.
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The idea of Sophia – the personified Wisdom of God served as a symbol of independence and identity of the republic in the political culture of Novgorod the Great. In Old Russian chronicles and other narrative sources which can be connected with Novgorod, one may find statements showing that – in the eyes of the Novgorodians themselves – Wisdom was not only one of the main attributes of God, but also a separate character, a kind of divine being, who could be interpreted as patronesses and supernatural protector of the city-state. Construction of the temple of Hagia Sophia in Novgorod is usually dated to 1045–1050. In the source material one can find information that Novgorodian Sophia church was undoubtedly the most significant and important monument in the city. The theme of Wisdom of God is also a very prominent topic in Novgorodian historiography and literature. Moreover, the feminine personification of God’s Wisdom can also be found on the coins, emitted by the city-state from 1420.
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Петров, М. И., and В. Ю. Соболев. ""The City of the Living” and “The City of the Dead”: to the Issue of the Early Burial Ground of Novgorod Localization." Археология и история Пскова и Псковской земли, no. 33 (December 25, 2018): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2018.978-5-94375-278-0.146-156.
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Многолетние археологические работы на территории Новгорода позволили осветить многие стороны жизни одного из крупнейших средневековых городов, однако до сих пор остаются неизвестными ни погребальный обряд городского населения до принятия христианства, ни места последнего упокоения жителей конца Х-XIII в. На основании анализа палеорельефа и динамики освоения городской территории с привлечением комплекса аналогий - площадных и топографических характеристик кладбищ других крупных русских и европейских городских центров - предпринята попытка смоделировать площадь городского некрополя и предложить возможные места его расположения. The article deals with one of the most intriguing problems in Novgorod archaeology - situation of early city cemetery (10-11). Article proposes some clues to reduction of search area based on GIS technologies, vast archaeological data from Novgorod and other settlements.
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Boos, George V., and Gleb S. Nikitin. "Comprehensive Modernisation of the Outdoor Lighting System of Nizhny Novgorod: Building the Control System with Smart City Elements." Light & Engineering, no. 03-2022 (June 2022): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2021-109.
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The article describes the largest project of comprehensive outdoor lighting system modernisation in Russia implemented in an old city of Nizhny Novgorod standing on the river Volga. This project involved complete rearrangement of outdoor lighting installations and a modern control system with Smart City elements realization as well as development of the system of architectural lighting of major buildings of the city. Lighting devices with Russian-made LEDbased light sources were designed and used for the first time while implementing this project.The equipment was designed by BL GROUP International Light Engineering Company, manufactured by the plants owned by this holding company, delivered to Nizhny Novgorod and installed within unprecedented short time.New methods and technologies were used when conducting the works, which provided about 76 % of energy saving for outdoor lighting and allowed to create the image of the city emphasising the magnificence of its historic centre. The project was implemented under an energy service agreement without budget funds. As a result, on the residents’ opinion, by the moment of the 800th anniversary Nizhny Novgorod has become brighter, more bustling, safer and more convenient during night time and more attractive for tourists.
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Babaeva, Anastasia, Alexandra Makarova, Tatiana Chougounova, Natalya Chepurnova, and Tatiana Smetanina. "Cultural consumption as a parameter of the quality of life in a Russian megapolis." BIO Web of Conferences 116 (2024): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411606001.
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The article presents the results of sociological studies of the level of subjective well-being of residents of the Russian metropolis (using the example of Nizhny Novgorod). The indicator of the level of well-being is one of the important parameters that city authorities and architects are now paying attention to when designing urban space. The purpose of the article is to determine how the residents of the metropolis assess the accessibility (physical, financial, etc.) of cultural institutions and products. Quantitative research methods are used to achieve this goal: surveys were conducted in which several thousand Nizhny Novgorod residents took part. The authors present a comparative analysis of the estimates of citizens with an interval of 10 years. The results of the analysis give an idea that the level of well-being in Russian megacities is changing slowly. The choice of Nizhny Novgorod is not accidental. The geographical and economic position of Nizhny Novgorod and the ethnocultural composition of the region make it possible to extrapolate the results of the study of a particular city to the major cities of Central Russia. Another significant factor in choosing the city was the fact that since 2021 Nizhny Novgorod has acquired the status of capitals – the “capital of sunsets”, “youth capital”, “cultural capital”. It is quite natural to ask how the status of the “capital” influenced the subjective indicators of satisfaction with the quality of life. The presented data help to get an idea of the specifics of cultural consumption of a resident of a modern Russian megalopolis, as well as the degree of his involvement in cultural production. The results of the study are also of practical importance in the design and modernization of urban space, as well as the optimization of social policy of the state.
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Gavrikov, Anatoly. "UNIVERSITY PROJECT IN THE ANCIENT CITY: THE HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURE, EDUCATION AND ENLIGHTENMENT IN VELIKY NOVGOROD." Man and Education, no. 2 (75) (2023): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.54884/s181570410026437-5.
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The article describes the experience of creating Novgorod State University within the framework of the integration concept as an innovative project. The historical and cultural context of the development of the ancient Novgorod region is presented, which gives grounds to believe that the formation of the Novgorod University of the classical type is a historically predetermined and natural phenomenon. At the same time, it is shown that the implementation of such university project requires special conditions, prerequisites and huge efforts from university teams, understanding the need for change, support for power structures and the formation of a powerful leadership team – a team of like-minded people. It is also important that in the system of spiritual and moral values of Veliky Novgorod, bookishness and enlightenment have always occupied one of the leading places. From here new trends of worldview, science and culture spread in Russia. Currently, the university with full responsibility implements its mission of the federal-regional center for science, culture, education, is the main methodological and scientific-methodical regional center for continuing pedagogical education and educational, scientific and innovative complex with a developed infrastructure.
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Абрамова, Н. В., and Д. С. Гавриков. "The cultural heritage of the city as the basis of the brand of Nizhny Novgorod." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 4(129) (May 31, 2021): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.129.4.083.
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В статье рассматривается формирование брендинга на примере г. Нижний Новгород. Кроме того, были проанализированы теоретические концепции идентичности. Затем был проведен вторичный анализ данных. Для анализа были выбраны следующие материалы-сайт проекта «Нижний 800» стратегия социально-экономического развития г.Нижний Новгород до 2030 года. В городе не уделяется внимания формированию гармоничного архитектурного образа города и его ансамблевого построения в целом, что отрицательно сказывается на формирования городского бренда. Выделены два существующие ключевые места для бренда города-Кремль, Стрелка. И предлагается формирование третьего места-музей-заповедник "Щелоковский хутор", как места сохранения деревянного зодчества. А также рассмотрен фирменный стиль города-эмблема города, эмблема 800летия, сувениры. The article deals with the formation of branding on the example of Nizhny Novgorod. In addition, the theoretical concepts of identity were analyzed. A secondary analysis of the data was then performed. Thefollowing materials were selected for the analysis - the website of the project "Nizhny Novgorod 800" strategy of socio-economic development of Nizhny Novgorod until 2030. The city does not pay attention to the formation of aharmonious architectural image of the city and its ensemble structure as a whole, which negatively affects the formation of the city brand. Two existing key locations for the city's brand are highlighted - the Kremlin and Strelka. And it is proposed to form the third place-the museum-reserve "Shchelokovsky Khutor", as a place of preservation of wooden architecture. And also considered the corporate identity of the city-the emblem of the city, the emblem of the 800th anniversary, souvenirs.
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Bolshakova, Anzhela Dmitrievna, Natalya Ivanovna Zaznobina, and Taisiya Aleksandrovna Kovaleva. "The role of green spaces in the improvement of the urban population health quality (on the example of Nizhny Novgorod)." Samara Journal of Science 12, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023121104.
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Atmospheric air pollution is one of the most serious environmental threats to human health. The implementation of measures to reduce air pollution reduces the risk of diseases. Such measures include the creation of a comfortable environment through the landscaping of urban areas. Green spaces in urban areas perform an important environment-forming function purification of air from pollutants. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the degree of reduction of non-carcinogenic risk of diseases in the population of a large city (on the example of Nizhny Novgorod) by the level of purification of atmospheric air from pollutants by green spaces. Based on the calculated concentrations of priority pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone and suspended particles (PM₂ˏ₅ and PM₁₀) and green space inventory data for eight major intersections/sites in Nizhny Novgorod, the air quality improvement was estimated up to 42,12%. Based on the created maps of the real landscaping of the surveyed areas in the QGIS Desktop program, projects were developed to expand the landscaping of their areas. The air quality in the surveyed areas of Nizhny Novgorod was assessed. The non-carcinogenic risk of cardiovascular system and upper respiratory tract diseases for the residents of Nizhny Novgorod in the absence of vegetation, with real landscaping and in accordance with the proposed prospective landscaping projects was calculated. With the implementation of the proposed projects of perspective landscaping the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular system diseases in the population of Novgorod can be reduced by 25% on average in the city.
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Astashin, A. E., M. N. Pashkin, A. V. Samoilov, M. M. Bad’in, and N. I. Astashina. "Genesis of Lakes of the City District of Dzerzhinsk City, Nizhny Novgorod Region." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 543 (August 6, 2020): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/543/1/012029.
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Гептинг, Эльвира Львовна. "FROM KHUTYN TO DIEZ: EVERYDAY LIFE OF NOVGOROD IN THE ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION OF TWO ERAS." ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, no. 4(38) (November 24, 2023): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2023-4-190-205.
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Статья посвящена диахронному анализу повседневной жизни Новгорода и его жителей, которая нашла выражение в двух произведениях художественного творчества разных эпох – иконе XVI века «Видение пономаря Тарасия» и арт-объекте XXI века, расположенном в витринах новгородского универмага «Диез». В обоих произведениях представлены в первую очередь символически значимые места Новгорода: Детинец и Ярославово дворище, центральные городские районы и знаменитые окрестные монастыри. Однако с точки зрения занятий горожан икона и панно являют значительные расхождения. Главным героем иконы является мир новгородских тружеников: ремесленников, рыбаков, купцов. Следовательно, повседневная жизнь средневекового новгородца, отраженная на иконе, – это прежде всего активная трудовая деятельность. Героем современного панно, напротив, оказывается город романтики и беззаботности. Нынешний Новгород – это город праздных гуляк и самых разнообразных удовольствий. Произведение подчеркивает гедонистическую функцию публичного пространства, направленную на развлечения, досуг, получение новых впечатлений. Следовательно, на иконе основными акторами являются профессиональные сообщества, а на панно – сообщества по интересам. The article presents a diachronic analysis of everyday life of Novgorod and its inhabitants, depicted in two works of art from different epochs – the 16th-century icon Vision of Sexton Tarasius and the 21st century art object located in the windows of the Novgorod department store Diez. Both works represent the symbolically loaded places of Novgorod: Detinets and Yaroslav’s Court, central city districts, and famous neighborhood monasteries. However, from the point of view of the citizens' occupations, the icon and the panel depict significant discrepancies. The main character of the icon is the world of Novgorod toilers: craftsmen, fishermen, and merchants. Consequently, the everyday life of the medieval Novgorodian, reflected in the icon, is, first of all, active labor activities. By contrast, the character of the modern panel is a city of romance and carelessness. Modern Novgorod is a city of idle revelers and of all sorts of pleasures. The work emphasizes the hedonistic function of the public space, aimed at leisure, entertainment, getting new impressions. Thus, on the icon one can easily identify professional communities, and in the panel mostly communities of interest.
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Yusupov, S. A. "VETERINARY SUPPORT TO ZOOLOGICAL PARK "LIMPOPO" IN NIZHNY NOVGOROD CITY." Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 234, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-234-2-216-219.
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Кедун, Іван. "ENGAGEMENT DISTRICT AS PART OF THE EARLY RUS NOVGOROD-SIVERSKY POSITION." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 2 (2023): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2023-02/043-052.
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The article is dedicated to the part of the Novgorod-Siversky post that was located beyond the Zubrytsky stream. The purpose of the work is to determine the above-mentioned territory as a part of the post of the Old Russian city, although to this day there is no consensus on whether the studied territory belongs to the post of the city of Novgorod-Siverskyi. The most popular is its interpretation as a country estate that belonged to a wealthy Novgorodian from the north. The methodological basis of the research is based on the verification of previous versions with the materials of the latest archaeological research. The scientific novelty of the study is that a number of materials are published for the first time and fundamentally change the view on the system of positions in the ancient Russian city of Novgorod-Siverskyi. Excavations and mining of the surrounding area in recent years showed the spread of the ancient Russian cultural layer on an area of about 10 hectares, and reached the same area in his work O. Polyakov. In fact, the territory of Zaruchavya is adjacent to the post from the West. We believe that it was part of it, formed in the 12th century. To date, there is no consensus on whether the studied territory belongs to the city of Novgorod-Siverskyi. The most popular is its interpretation as a country estate that belonged to a wealthy Novgorodian from the north. However, the results of recent studies allow us to look at the problem in a new way. Further excavations and dredging of the surrounding area showed the spread of the ancient Russian cultural layer on an area of about 10 hectares, and O.M. reached the same area in his work. Polyakov. In fact, the territory of Zaruchavya is adjacent to the post from the West. We believe that it was part of it, formed in the 12th century. Also, the cemetery discovered on the territory of Zaruchavye deserves special attention. Conclusions. The betrothal area was a part of the open post of Novgorod-Siverskyi, which was actively exploited in the 11th-13th centuries. It is also likely that the city cemetery was located on its territory. The time of the cemetery's origin requires further research, however, today it can be attributed to the period after the Mongol invasion, since materials dated no later than the 14th century were found in the backfill of the graves. However, further research can significantly adjust the chronology.
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Ильичева, О. В., and Д. А. Ермаков. "Development of catering and restaurant services in the Nizhny Novgorod region." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 5(130) (June 25, 2021): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.130.5.121.
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Рассматривается актуальность кейтеринга в России и Нижегородской области в условиях пандемии, определяется основные определения кейтеринга, тенденции, типы и виды кейтеринга, проводиться анализ популярности кейтеринга в Нижегородской области, а также в самом городе, определяются основные проблемы кейтеринга и предлагаются пути решения этих проблем, рассматривается мнение ученых по развитию кейтеринга в России и Нижегородской области. The article considers the relevance of catering in Russia and the Nizhny Novgorod region in thecontext of the pandemic, defines the main definitions of catering, trends, types and types of catering, analyzes the popularity of catering in the Nizhny Novgorod region, as well as in the city itself, identifies the main problems ofcatering and suggests ways to solve these problems, considers the opinion of scientists on the development ofcatering in Russia and the Nizhny Novgorod region.
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Chepyuk, O. R., O. Yu Angelova, S. D. Makarova, N. G. Bryandinskaya, and O. V. Petrova. "City Through the Eyes Of Students' Youth: Assessment and Regional Practices (A Case Study of Nizhny Novgorod)." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 33, no. 6 (July 23, 2024): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-6-73-91.
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Russian universities at the present stage play a significant role in shaping the students professional preferences and migration expectations, thereby contributing to socio-economic development and influencing the process of human capital management at the regional level. The issue of immersing a university in the problems of a city (region) becomes especially relevant in light of global challenges, such as demographic changes, economic instability, and a lack of qualified personnel. One of the important areas of research is the analysis of how students evaluate the city of study, which may become their future place of residence and professional activity. The publication presents the results of such a study – a long-term survey of young people (students of the largest Nizhny Novgorod university – Lobachevsky University) about the conditions for their professional growth and development in one of the largest Russian cities – Nizhny Novgorod. The survey period (2017-2023) covered not only significant events related to the implementation of large infrastructure projects in the city (2018 FIFA World Cup, the 800th anniversary of Nizhny Novgorod in 2021, recognition of the city as New Year’s (2022) and Youth (2023) capitals of Russia), but also during the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the areas of the research that determined its novelty was the assessment of the city as a center for the development of creative industries, as well as a structural analysis of the results when dividing respondents by type of planned career trajectories. The discussion compared the results with similar studies from other regions of Russia. The results of the study are of interest for university management and regional policy, emphasizing the importance of the interaction of educational institutions with the urban environment in the context of the preservation and development of human resources in the region.
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Torchilenko, A. A. "Historical reconstruction practices in the urban environment." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 4, no. 1 (2024): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2024-4(1)-51-63.
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This article studies the potential of historical reenactment festivals as an increasingly popular hobby and way of life that revives the history and identity of medieval cities through crafts, costumes and customs. Participation in these festivals educates people about the historical significance of their city and promotes community participation. Despite the fact that Veliky Novgorod can provide favorable conditions for largescale events, there are no targeted projects for the development of historical reconstruction there yet. The resurgence of historical festivals after the decline caused by Covid-19 highlights the need for suitable venues to integrate re-enactments into Novgorod's event calendar. These events provide educational benefits through practical, live historical presentations and aim to balance historical accuracy and entertainment value. Historical reconstruction festivals can bring different benefits to the cities being cultural holidays and tools for urban regeneration, improving the global image of the city. Successful integration of historical reenactment festivals into the city's event agenda requires balancing the needs of redevelopers, the host city and the local population.
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Rabinovich, Yakov. "Tsaritsyn Voivode Ivan Stepanovich Ostrenev: The History of the City Through a Biography." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 3 (June 2022): 194–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.3.13.
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Introduction. For the first time, the article presents a detailed biography of the governor of Tsaritsyn, Ivan Stepanovich Ostrenev. Previously published information about him was fragmentary. Nothing was known about his practical activities during the Time of Troubles. Methods and materials. Based on an analysis of a wide range of published documentary sources, the author explores the main stages of the life of this serviceman in his homeland from Nizhny Novgorod. The research is based on the voivods’ formal responses, rank records, scribal descriptions, food and expense books of various orders. In the study of the biography of I.S. Ostrenev used the method of historical and psychological observations and a synchronous research method focused on determining the relationship between various phenomenons and events. Analysis. The article provides an analysis of all, very scanty, information about this voivode contained in the works of domestic researchers, including a local historian of Tsaritsyn. One of the reasons of the poor coverage of the biography of I.S. Ostrenev, according to the author, is the different spelling of his surname in the sources. Many previously unknown facts of his biography have been restored. Results. It was found that he was originally a Kurmish dweller, in the Time of Troubles he became a quarter of the Nizhny Novgorod Cheta and a streletsky head in Nizhny Novgorod. Then he was seen in the campaign to Astrakhan against the ataman Zarutsky as part of the army of Prince I.N. Odoevsky. The pinnacle of I.S. Ostrenev was appointed him as a governor in Tsaritsyn.
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Selin, Adrian A., and Ilona V. Iablokova. "Courts and Court Hierarchy in Novgorod the Great in the Late 16–Early 17th Centuries." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 54, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 432–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22102396-05404004.
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Abstract Daily legal practice in local centers of Muscovite Rus’ before the publication of the Law Code of 1649 (Sobornoe Ulozhenie) has been poorly studied. This article uses comparative analysis to study two groups of sources about the legal process and law enforcement in Novgorod the Great in the late 16th–early 17th centuries. The analysis illuminates a complicated hierarchy of legal levels. At the same time, the competences of the courts at each level were not always clearly defined, which corresponds to the ideas formulated by N.S. Kollmann in her study on crime and punishment in Muscovy. In the late 16th–early 17th centuries, the Novgorod Court Chancellery was a middle level of the judicial system. The highest instance was the court in Moscow, which passed judgment on behalf of the tsar and was provided by central chancelleries in the Kremlin. During the Time of Troubles, the hierarchy became simpler: the communication with Moscow disappeared and only two levels prevailed in Novgorod. The city administrator’s court (voevoda) dealt with political crimes and landowners’ disputes, while the City Court and other lower level courts dealt with civil and petty criminal cases. The courts were ruled by both codes and customary law: the existing law codes (Sudebniki) did not cover all the diversity of legal cases.
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Shmandina, K. V., A. A. Britova, and N. N. Belokurov. "Dental health of first-year students of the Novgorod State University." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 10 (October 10, 2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2310-03.
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Goal and objectives: to study the dental health of 1st year students of the Novgorod State University. Materials and methods: questionnaire, literature review, study of statistical data on the Russian Federation, India, Egypt, and Pakistan. An analysis of the dental health of first-year Russian and foreign students of the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University was carried out, and factors influencing dental health were identified. Official reports on the condition and composition of tap water in the city of Veliky Novgorod and tap water in Egypt, India, and Pakistan were studied. The standards for the content of fluorine and iodine in tap water in Veliky Novgorod, Egypt, India, and Pakistan were analyzed. The influence of changing climatic conditions, quality of nutrition, and the presence of bad habits and stress on the development of dental diseases in students was considered. The World Health Organization’s global oral health status report for 2022 in the Russian Federation, Egypt, India, and Pakistan was analyzed. A survey among students of the Novgorod University was conducted in order to evaluate water in the Novgorod Region in comparison with their homeland; the survey included general health questions with an emphasis on oral hygiene. What paste, brush, and cleaning method students used when brushing their teeth, and if they visited the dentist. What dental problems they had before and what issues they have now. Conclusions: To provide recommendations on oral hygiene, the choice of oral hygiene items and products, the diet taking into account the fluorine and iodine content in the region, and daily routine.
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Yulova, Galina A. "Esyreva Vera Ivanovna – the founder of the Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod) school of algologists." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 3(27) (2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-3(27)-44-49.
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Vera Ivanovna Yesyreva is a founder of a school of thought of algologists in Gorky city (afterwards Nizhny Novgorod), and also a student of professors Stankov S.S., Meyer K.I. Vera Ivanovna was a candidate of biological sciences, assistant (1945–1953) and afterwards associate professor (1953–1960) of plant morphology and systematics chair in the state university of Gorky. From 1961 to 1971 she has been a head of the department of biological research at the Chemistry research institute in state university of Gorky and head of laboratory “Gorky reservoir” (laboratory of hydrobiology afterwards), secretary of department of Moscow society of nature testers in Gorky city (1945–1953), chairman of department of all union hydrobiological society in Gorky city (1965–1970) and its honorary member. Vera Ivanovna is a well-known Russian algologist, she has made a great contribution to the study of algae in the Nizhny Novgorod Volga region: large rivers such as Volga, Oka, Gorky and Cheboksary reservoirs, small rivers of the region, and reservoirs of the Pustynsky reserve. Vera Ivanovna is the author of more than 30 scientific works.
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Akasheva, Anna. "Estate and Land Structure of Nizhny Novgorod According to the Owners Catalog of the General Land Survey Period of the Late 18th Century." ISTORIYA 12, no. 9 (107) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840017003-2.
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The study raises the problem of analyzing the class structure of the city of Nizhny Novgorod according to the General Land Survey of 1784. Based on the materials of the Catalog of Owners in the citywide plan, the distribution of urban citizenship, nobility, clergy, and military is studied in comparison with the all-Russian data on the class status of the cities at the end of the 18th century. A relational database was developed for the analysis. The conclusion is made about the flourishing of merchants and philistines, who made up 80 % of the population and an extremely small number of peasants-land owners (3 %). The novelty of the study, among other things, is to establish the fact of the predominance of private small-scale land ownership, which represented 95 % of the land ownership of the city. It was found that despite the leading industrial and commercial function of Nizhny Novgorod and strong citizenship, 53 % of land plots were associated with agriculture (commercial gardening), which confirms the well-known phenomenon of “vegetable gardens in the city” in the pre-reform period.
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Shirokova, O. V. "Visual representation of the historical city in digital media." Urbis et Orbis Microhistory and Semiotics of the City 4, no. 1 (2024): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34680/urbis-2024-4(1)-39-50.
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The article analyses the visual representation of the historical city in digital media as one of the leading ways of urban identity forming. The author shows that the connection of the image with the city, which is a territorial carrier of visual and symbolic information, and with city digital representation is established and coordinated with the help of an intermediary – digital media, including social networks. On the example of Veliky Novgorod, it is investigated how the image of the city in the media environment shapes the idea of the real urban space for most Internet users. The article identifies the main elements of urban space that emphasize Veliky Novgorod’s status as a historical city: culturalhistorical and natural-landscape. The visual representation of the historic city emphasizes the uniqueness of a place and expresses local identity, which allows to distinguish a certain urban space in the endless flow of visual data. At the same time, the author notes that digital media do not display the entire urban space, but only the part that is recorded and then actively disseminated by Internet users. Such incompleteness of the visual representation of the historical city provokes the emergence of socio-cultural distortions: the reproduction of basic visual patterns works to form a stereotypical image that does not reflect the heterogeneity of the real urban environment.
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Dmitriev, V. V., I. K. Fomenko, D. D. Shubina, and D. N. Gorobtsov. "Landslide Processes Threatening the Historical Objects in the Nizhny Novgorod City." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 666, no. 4 (March 1, 2021): 042076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/666/4/042076.
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Umnyagina, Irina A., Sergey A. Kolesov, and Vyacheslav V. Troshin. "Education and formation of the occupational pathology service in the Nizhny Novgorod Region." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 62, no. 10 (November 25, 2022): 700–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-10-700-704.
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The article describes the main stages of the emergence, formation and development of the occupational pathology service in one of the largest industrial regions of Russia and the USSR - the Nizhny Novgorod region. The origin of the service was due to the high industrial potential of the region and the plans of the USSR government to significantly increase it. The materials of the article indicate that the fundamental role in the origin and subsequent development of the occupational pathology service of the Nizhny Novgorod Province belongs to the Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Sofia Israilevna Skundina, who in 1925 headed the newly created professional section of the sanitary department of the Gubzdrav. Thanks to her work and organizational skills, a polyclinic for the study of occupational diseases began functioning in the city of Nizhny Novgorod, in Sormov in 1926. In 1927 the Nizhny Novgorod Vocational Dispensary was organized, which in 1929 was transformed into the Regional Institute for the Study and Control of Occupational Diseases. In 1929-1932 Sofya Izrailevna actively participated in the creation and organization of a network of medical posts at industrial enterprises of the province. In 1931 The Nizhny Novgorod Medical Institute has organized the Departments of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (headed by one of the leading occupational pathologists of the country - Professor I.N. Kavalerov) and the Department of Social Hygiene and Health Organization (founded by S.I. Skundina) and started training of occupational pathologists.
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Buss, T. F., and L. C. Yancer. "Privatizing the Russian Economy: The Nizhny Novgorod Experience." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 14, no. 2 (June 1996): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c140211.
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Nizhny Novgorod became the first city in Russia to privatize its small businesses, transportation industry, and collective farms after the collapse of communism and became a model for other cities. The authors review the innovative, unprecedented, and little-known public auctions responsible for successfully privatizing Nizhny's economy. Keys to success were dedicated enlightened public leadership, consensual intergovernmental partnership in a federal system, and effective use of Western privatization experts. High and capricious taxation, over regulation, public corruption and private criminal activity, near hyperinflation, lack of commercial law, politics, and vanishing markets jeopardize privatization gains.
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Eliseev, Michail, Alexandr Blinov, and Alexandr Lipenkov. "Algorithm of automated annotation of areas of roads with increased accidents." MATEC Web of Conferences 334 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133401007.
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The paper describes the methodology of annotating of road accidents centres of interactive accidents map. Based on the statistical analysis of the traffic accidents database the range of accident risk zones of a roadmap of the city are allocated as well as cause of accidents. These information in the form of text messages is applied to a vector map of a geographical area, in this paper – the map of Nizhny Novgorod. The annotation algorithm also takes into account the data of the road infrastructure, the weather, the driver (the user of the interactive crash map). The method was tested during the creation of e-cards of Nizhny Novgorod.
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Krutov, O. D., N. K. Grelya, A. A. Veprickij, Ya K. Kuksin, G. A. Nazarenko, O. E. Prusihin, P. A. Shirokova, Yu L. Kruze, and A. I. Alekseev. "New rural residents and forms of their territorial organization in the Voskresensky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region." Lomonosov Geography Journal 79, no. 2 (2024) (June 4, 2024): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.79.2.6.
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The article examines the influence of “new rural residents” – immigrants from Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow, on a semi-peripheral district of the Non-Chernozem Region, as well as the transformation of its economy and society in connection with population replacement. Issues related to the territorial heterogeneity of the “new rural” influence are also considered. The research site, i.e. the Voskresensky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region is located 145 kilometers north of the city of Nizhny Novgorod. The presence of unique natural and symbolic resources, such as the Svetloyar Lake and the Vetluga River, attracts migrants from the large cities here. Research methods included in-depth and expert interviews, focus groups, participant observation and strategic sessions with local residents. The analysis of obtained data resulted in a typology of “new rural” residents, each type producing a different impact on the surrounding space. Key transformations of the lifestyle associated with the “new rural” are identified, namely new non-traditional types of agriculture, formation of “urban type” leisure, development of rural tourism by new-comers, complete replacement of the population in the most attractive settlements for city residents, as well as the emergence of associations of new-comers both territorial, and communities of “interests”. Key social conflicts were also identified among the new-comers and between them and indigenous residents, which limit the possibilities for development of the territory.
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Orelskaya, Olga V. "The 1930-s Unrealized Projects on Development of Gorky City (Nizhny Novgorod)." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2018-3-29-36.
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The article deals with little-known unrealized projects shaping the image of the socialist Gorky city, its river panoramas, squares and highways in accordance with the first Soviet master plan of 1935-1937, made by the creative collective of Leningrad Giprogor, under theleadership of N.A. Solofnenko. The development of the master plan of alarge city was based on the principles of reconstruction of the General plan of Moscow in 1935. The architecture of a post-avant-garde epoch allowed to clearly demonstrate the architectural searches of the period, identify their characteristics, their mistakes and achievements.
A radical reconstruction of an ancient city assumed a demolition of historic buildings. Instead of the lost townplanning dominants - churches that adorned the river facades of the city for many centuries, architects offered new high-rise accents in the form of monumental public buildings. Projects with classical compositions of central squares contributed to the formation of a fundamentally new image of the city. The tendencies of monumentalism appeared under the influence of well-known projects of accomplishment and organization of urban spaces in the capital cities - Moscow and Leningrad. This was an important phase of the new appeal to historicism, namely the development of the classics, which began in the mid 1930-ies and ended in the mid-1950s Archival photographs of 1930-ies complement the history of Russian Soviet architecture and urban planning and disclose the concept of the planned ambitious reforms.
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Kapranova, Elena G. "The First Public Libraries in the Nizhny Novgorod Province." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no. 2 (March 31, 2010): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2010-0-2-105-111.
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Types of the first public libraries existing in the Nizhniy Novgorod province in the end of 19th — the early 20th century are reviewed. Use of a wide range of sources has allowed to draw conclusions on the importance of their activity for the population of province and provincial city. The role of an educational society in the in the establishment process and the further keeping of public libraries is shown.
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Márta, Font. "A Pszkovi Jogkönyv: kijevi hagyományok és nyugati hatások." PONTES 5 (June 23, 2022): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/pontes.2022.05.01.04.
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The Pskov Judicial Charter: Kievan Traditions and Western Influences
The settlement of Pskov (Pleskau) was formulated in the North-western corner of Kievan Rus’. Due to the smallness of the territory belonging to the city and its less important role in the Baltic trade, it was considered the „younger brother” of Novgorod. That is why fewer attention was given to Pskov in historiography. As a result of its border-position, Pskov was connected more loosely to the other regions of the Rus’, compared to Novgorod, and from its early existence was more under the influence of its Western neighbours, such as Lithuania, Livonia and Hanseatic League. This position left its mark on Pskov society and its legislation.
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Kulikova, Aleksandra, Veronika Mikhailova, Yulia Klemyatich, and Mikhail Teodorovich. "Features of employment in a singleindustry town on the example of Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast." Population 26, no. 2 (June 27, 2023): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.2.7.
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The article describes the main features of the labor market in Pavlovo, Nizhny Novgorod oblast, analyzes employment strategies of the population from different property groups. Due to its geographical location, socio-demographic structure, Pavlovo was chosen as an example of a typical small town in the European part of Russia. The article presents the results of sociological survey conducted in 2011 and 2021. The 2011 survey was carried out by the Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS (Moscow) and Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod (Nizhny Novgorod) with participation of the universities of Glasgow (Scotland) and Uppsala (Sweden). The 2021 survey — by the Center for the Study of Social Systems, the Department of Sociology of Project Activity and Pro-Competitive Regulation of the Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod., the universities of Glasgow (Scotland), Uppsala (Sweden) with the support of the Scientific Information Center, Nizhny Novgorod. As a result of the cluster analysis, four social groups were identified that differ from each other in socio-economic characteristics and strategies of behavior in the labor market. The relationship between the level of education and the position on the labor market is clearly visible. In the group of affluent households, there are more people who have higher education. Higher education and qualification level allow one to occupy higher-paying positions, diversify career strategies even in a single-industry city. While in low-income families, the share of those who are employed in the industrial sector, in particular, at the city-forming enterprise, is higher. Affluent households show the greatest economic activity, while combining additional ways of earning with the main specialty. It is important to note that the lower the family income level, the less often they use the opportunities for additional earnings. People of retirement age, while maintaining an average level of economic activity and sufficient labor potential (education, skill level), are quite severely limited in employment opportunities. Factors reducing the material well-being of family are the presence of minor children, the position of a single parent, the status of a pensioner. Those living alone are also often low-income, especially women.
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Tikhovodova, A. V. "Discovery and Arrangement of Nizhny Novgorod Public Widow’s House name of Blinovs and Bugrovs in Late XIX — Early XX Centuries." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 8 (October 30, 2022): 488–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-8-488-514.
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The article is devoted to the organization and cherishing of the Nizhny Novgorod city public name of the Blinovs and Bugrovs of the Widow’s House at the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th century. The relevance of the study is due to the intensification of entrepreneurial activity and private initiative in the field of charity in modern Russia, the emergence of numerous charitable organizations and foundations, and the need to get acquainted with historical experience. The history of the construction and opening of the Widow’s House, active interaction in this process with the Nizhny Novgorod City Duma are traced in the article. Based on the charter and reports of the institution, its goals, objectives, management structure, sources of financial resources, forms of assistance to those in need are considered. The author shows the quantitative, class and age composition of the detainees, their marital status, types of occupations. Expenditure of funds (heating, lighting, repairs, purchase of food and equipment, salaries to employees, school), sources and forms of donations (charitable foundations, contributions from individuals, free meals, events, gifts) are covered in detail. The author comes to the conclusion that the Widow’s House in Nizhny Novgorod is a unique charitable institution of its time, the public need for which only increased. Thus, the second half of the 19th — the beginning of the 20th century was a period of private initiative in the matter of social security with significant support from local governments.
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Slapinia, Anna A. "12TH CENTURY GUSLI WITH ZOOMORPHIC DECORUM FROM NOVGOROD: WESTERN EUROPEAN ANALOGIES AND POSSIBLE SYMBOLIC MEANING." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 1 (2022): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2022-1-85-97.
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The article is devoted to the decorum of the wooden gusli (psal- tery) found during archaeological excavations in Novgorod the Great in 1969. This artefact, dated from the first half of 12 th century, is decorated with two carved dragon’s heads. Also there are depicted graffiti carvings: one with drag- on’s heads and another one with a lion and a bird. The similarity between caved dragon’s heads at gusli from Novgorod and decorum of Western European medieval musical instruments (citoles and harps) is found. There is mentioned in the article that images of harps with zoomorphic decorum are known from miniatures with King David depicted in medieval illuminated psalters. Also it is found that the graffiti with a lion and a bird has iconographic parallels in the stone carvings with King David on the walls of the Church of the Interces- sion on the River Nerl (1165) situated near the city of Vladimir in Russia. Therefore a hypothesis about reflection of King David’s theme in the decorum of gusli from Novgorod is expressed.
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Krasnoperov, Denis V. "ON THE FOUNDATION OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD ASCENSION MONASTERY." Historical Search 3, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2022-3-3-38-43.
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The article deals with the formation of the Pechersky Ascension Monastery in the city of Nizhny Novgorod in the first half of the XIII century. The role of Saint Dionysius of Suzdal in the creation of the monastery is traced. The time interval during which the monastery could be formed is determined. The hypotheses of researchers regarding the date of the Ascension Monastery’s foundation are analyzed. The issue concerning the personality of the founder – Saint Dionysius, the place where the monastery was originally founded, is investigated. It is concluded that the foundation of the Ascension Monastery is not only an important milestone in the history of Nizhny Novgorod, but also an important stage in the spread of monastic “cenobia” throughout the Northeastern Russia.
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Alekseeva, Nadezhda. "Sacred Topography of the City of Cherepovets, Novgorod Governorate: Peculiarities of Formation." Historia provinciae – the journal of regional history 4, no. 1 (2020): 141–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2020-4-1-5.
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Purtov, I. I., and T. L. Balykina. "In-depth examination of pregnant women in the city of Nizhniy Novgorod." Reproductive Toxicology 7, no. 5 (September 1993): 514–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-6238(93)90179-b.
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Bessudnova, Marina B. "The Ambassador’s Report of Zakharia Meyer on the Trip to Moscow." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 66, no. 4 (2021): 1349–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2021.418.
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The article contains a translation and an original text of the report of Ratmann of Lübeck, Zhachariah Meyer, about his diplomatic trips to Moscow in 1586–1587. The document is stored in the Archives of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (Archiv der Hansestadt Lübeck) and has not been published so far. On behalf of a magistrate of Lübeck Meyer visited the court of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich in Novgorod and Pskov. In the context of the transformation of the Hanseatic League, which took place in the second half of the 16th century, in order to retain the status of its head, Lübeck needed to take a leading position in the supply of Russian export products to the Western European market. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to reject commercial and diplomatic mediation of the Hanseatic cities of Livonia, which during the Livonian War fell under foreign rule, and carry out its own program set out in the pamphlet “Kürtzer Bericht…” of 1571. Meyer’s report, which includes the German text of the letters patent from Fyodor Ioannovich to Lübeck in 1586, the translations of the tsar`s letters to the governors of Novgorod and Pskov, and Meyer`s petitions, testifies to the successful start of this program. The report, among other things, contains information about situations in the trading courtyards of Novgorod and Pskov, in particular, about their relations with the city administration. Their lack of self-government and administrative dependence on the Russian authorities distinguished the Lübeck courtyards from the Hanseatic offices in their heyday.
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Halin, Alexey A., Anna V. Kiseleva, and Elena V. Kainova. "NIZHNY NOVGOROD MAYORAL ELECTIONS IN 1998 AND 2002: LESSONS OF DEMOCRATIC FORMATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2023-1-74-82.
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Purpose of the study. The relevance of the article is due to scientific interest in recent events of modern Russia, the process of formation of executive and representative authorities in Russian municipalities. At the same time, historical science is not sufficiently present in this research field, giving priority to political scientists and sociologists. The presented article is intended to fill this gap.
Materials and methods. The presented article is based on the study of scientific literature, archival materials, periodicals. The research is based on documents from the archives of the city of Nizhny Novgorod and the Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region. At the same time, both general scientific and private methods of historical research are used: the concrete historical method, methods of using external and internal criticism of documents, comparative analysis.
Study results. The article reveals the history of the election of the mayors of Nizhny Novgorod in 1998 and 2000. It shows the socio-economic and political situation in the city, which caused the difficult nature of both the election campaigns and their results. Moreover, in both cases, it was not without the use of “dirty electoral technologies”, the inability of the authorities to regulate the electoral process, up to the cancellation of the results of the already held elections. Conclusions. The experience of democratic formation of new municipal authorities testifies to the need for careful study of their legislative framework, thoughtful organization of the electoral process, the readiness of regional and central authorities to make non-standard decisions to correct the situation.
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Stepchenkova, Svetlana, Mikhail I. Rykhtik, Elena Shichkova, Hany Kim, and Olga Petrova. "Segmentation for urban destination: gender, place of residence, and trip purpose: a case of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia." International Journal of Tourism Cities 1, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-08-2014-0013.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether a priori segmentation of visitors to a large urban destination along the dimensions of gender, place of residence (domestic, former states, and international), and trip purpose (business, leisure, and VFR) is indeed commonsense for the city's DMO. Specifically, the study investigated whether gender, place of residence, and trip purpose are associated with tourists’ destination risk perceptions, evaluations of destination performance, and post-visitation behavior; that is, intention to revisit and willingness to recommend. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis used data obtained in a 2013 survey of visitors to Nizhni Novgorod, a large urban center in Russia. Findings – The results indicate that place of residence and trip purpose discriminate tourists with respect to selected variables and can serve as segmentation bases for marketing communications about the city to potential target markets. Practical implications – In view of the mega-sport events to be conducted in Nizhni Novgorod in 2018, alleviating risk perceptions of international tourists and improving their experiences while at the destination are important goals for the city government, tourism planners, and destination marketing organizations. Originality/value – Segmentation bases of place of residence and trip purpose have rarely been examined in relation to a large multifunctional city, while gender has produced varying results. Thus, the study can add to the segmentation literature in the urban context.
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ANGEL, ANASTASIJA, and EKATERINA VOLKOVA. "LITERARY EXCURSION - THE ROAD TO READING." Культурный код, no. 2024-1 (2024): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2024-1-7-20.
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The article contemplates the problem of ignorance of fiction in modern society from different points of view. The reasons for literary illiteracy are considered. The authors propose holding a real tour on the streets of a city as a way to stimulate young generation’s interest in reading fiction. The city itself and its literary constituent act as a culturological evidence of the existence of different epochs, different people, but common timeless problems. To confirm this idea, the article provides a fragment of a real tour along the streets of Nizhny Novgorod.
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Burov, Vladimir A. "ON THE ORIGIN OF NOVGOROD. 862–1136 – PRINCELY TOWN OF RURIKIDS." Rossiiskaia arkheologiia, no. 3 (July 1, 2023): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086960632303008x.
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Archaeological discoveries of recent decades have formed the basis for the development of a new concept of Novgorod origin. This study is the first to consider the problem through the prism of contacts between the Slovenes and Scandinavians and to associate it with the patrimonial land ownership of the Rurikids. In 862, this Varangian clan was summoned under an agreement to reign in the union of tribes and received a land area (volost) from the Ilmen Slovenes in the upper reaches of the Volkhov River. This is evidenced with12 toponyms of the 10th–12th centuries AD on the territory of Novgorod and its vicinity. The core of the volost is a river island between the Volkhov and Volkhovets rivers with adjacent lands. On this land of the Rurikids, the princely fortresses found by archaeologists were erected at different times (862, 940s, and 1044). All of them were named identically – Novgorod, as well as the volost itself. Novgorod with its vicinities within the boundaries of the ancient volost was ruled by the prince as a princely town. This was due to the fact that the inclusion of the Scandinavian Rurik’s clan in the tribal structure of the tribal union resulted in recognition of the clan by the Slovenes as the dominant and ruling one. Led by the ruling prince Rurik, Novgorodians began to consider themselves as originating from the Varangian family. In case of the Ilmen Slovenes this tribal identity manifested itself most clearly in high burial mounds which became very common. At the same time, the ethnic structure of the early city-state, formed in 862, which was called the Novgorod volost according to chroniclers, turned out to be multiple, claiming the Slavic-Finno-Scandinavian unity. The Varangians were not seen as an alien element in the Slovenian environment. Therefore, Scandinavian finds are common in the lower layers of Novgorod estates of the 10th–11th centuries AD. They testify to the free residence of the Varangians in the Volkhov region. The same is true for Pskov, where Scandinavian burials were found. The Rurikid volost ceased to exist as a single whole in 1132/1136 with the expulsion of the prince. Expanding urban communities (in terms of streets and town districts) began to claim its lands and shrink its territory. But even at a later time, certain fragmented areas of the Novgorod vicinity still belonged to the prince.