Journal articles: 'Novelty adaptation'

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Bohutínská, Magdalena, Mark Alston, Patrick Monnahan, Terezie Mandáková, Sian Bray, Pirita Paajanen, Filip Kolář, and Levi Yant. "Novelty and Convergence in Adaptation to Whole Genome Duplication." Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, no. 9 (March 30, 2021): 3910–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab096.

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Abstract Whole genome duplication (WGD) can promote adaptation but is disruptive to conserved processes, especially meiosis. Studies in Arabidopsis arenosa revealed a coordinated evolutionary response to WGD involving interacting proteins controlling meiotic crossovers, which are minimized in an autotetraploid (within-species polyploid) to avoid missegregation. Here, we test whether this surprising flexibility of a conserved essential process, meiosis, is recapitulated in an independent WGD system, Cardamine amara, 17 My diverged from A. arenosa. We assess meiotic stability and perform population-based scans for positive selection, contrasting the genomic response to WGD in C. amara with that of A. arenosa. We found in C. amara the strongest selection signals at genes with predicted functions thought important to adaptation to WGD: meiosis, chromosome remodeling, cell cycle, and ion transport. However, genomic responses to WGD in the two species differ: minimal ortholog-level convergence emerged, with none of the meiosis genes found in A. arenosa exhibiting strong signal in C. amara. This is consistent with our observations of lower meiotic stability and occasional clonal spreading in diploid C. amara, suggesting that nascent C. amara autotetraploid lineages were preadapted by their diploid lifestyle to survive while enduring reduced meiotic fidelity. However, in contrast to a lack of ortholog convergence, we see process-level and network convergence in DNA management, chromosome organization, stress signaling, and ion homeostasis processes. This gives the first insight into the salient adaptations required to meet the challenges of a WGD state and shows that autopolyploids can utilize multiple evolutionary trajectories to adapt to WGD.

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Boehnke, Susan E., David J. Berg, Robert A. Marino, Pierre F. Baldi, Laurent Itti, and Douglas P. Munoz. "Visual adaptation and novelty responses in the superior colliculus." European Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 5 (August 22, 2011): 766–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07805.x.

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Abbott, Richard J., and Adrian C. Brennan. "Altitudinal gradients, plant hybrid zones and evolutionary novelty." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1648 (August 5, 2014): 20130346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0346.

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Altitudinal gradients are characterized by steep changes of the physical and biotic environment that present challenges to plant adaptation throughout large parts of the world. Hybrid zones may form where related species inhabit different neighbouring altitudes and can facilitate interspecific gene flow and potentially the breakdown of species barriers. Studies of such hybrid zones can reveal much about the genetic basis of adaptation to environmental differences stemming from changes in altitude and the maintenance of species divergence in the face of gene flow. Furthermore, owing to recombination and transgressive effects, such hybrid zones can be sources of evolutionary novelty. We document plant hybrid zones associated with altitudinal gradients and emphasize similarities and differences in their structure. We then focus on recent studies of a hybrid zone between two Senecio species that occur at high and low altitude on Mount Etna, Sicily, showing how adaptation to local environments and intrinsic selection against hybrids act to maintain it. Finally, we consider the potential of altitudinal hybrid zones for generating evolutionary novelty through adaptive introgression and hybrid speciation. Examples of homoploid hybrid species of Senecio and Pinus that originated from altitudinal hybrid zones are discussed.

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Streelman, J. T., C. L. Peichel, and D. M. Parichy. "Developmental Genetics of Adaptation in Fishes: The Case for Novelty." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38, no. 1 (December 2007): 655–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095537.

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ZGONNIKOV, ARKADY, and IHOR LUBASHEVSKY. "UNSTABLE DYNAMICS OF ADAPTATION IN UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENT DUE TO NOVELTY SEEKING." Advances in Complex Systems 17, no. 03n04 (July 2014): 1450013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525914500131.

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Learning and adaptation play great role in emergent socio-economic phenomena. Complex dynamics has been previously found in the systems of multiple learning agents interacting via a simple game. Meanwhile, the single agent adaptation is considered trivially stable. We advocate the idea that adopting a more complex model of the individual behavior may result in a more diverse spectrum of macro-level behaviors. We develop an adaptation model based on the reinforcement learning framework extended by an additional processing channel. We scrutiny the dynamics of the single agent adapting to the unknown environment; the agent is biased by novelty seeking, the intrinsic inclination for exploration. We demonstrate that the behavior of the novelty-seeking agent may be inherently unstable. One of the surprising results is that under certain conditions the increase of the novelty-seeking level may cause the agent to switch from the non-rational to the strictly rational behavior. Our results give evidence to the hypothesis that the intrinsic motives of agents should be paid no less attention than the extrinsic ones in the models of complex socio-economic systems.

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Ruitenberg, Marit F. L., Vincent Koppelmans, Rachael D. Seidler, and Judith Schomaker. "Novelty exposure induces stronger sensorimotor representations during a manual adaptation task." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1510, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14731.

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Holden, Janean E., and Barbara Therrien. "The Effects of Hippocampal Damage on Adaptation to Novelty in Rats." Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 21, no. 1 (February 1989): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01376517-198902000-00007.

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Singh, Amoolya H., Tobias Doerks, Ivica Letunic, Jeroen Raes, and Peer Bork. "Discovering Functional Novelty in Metagenomes: Examples from Light-Mediated Processes." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 1 (October 10, 2008): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01084-08.

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ABSTRACT The emerging coverage of diverse habitats by metagenomic shotgun data opens new avenues of discovering functional novelty using computational tools. Here, we apply three different concepts for predicting novel functions within light-mediated microbial pathways in five diverse environments. Using phylogenetic approaches, we discovered two novel deep-branching subfamilies of photolyases (involved in light-mediated repair) distributed abundantly in high-UV environments. Using neighborhood approaches, we were able to assign seven novel functional partners in luciferase synthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and quorum sensing to BLUF domain-containing proteins (involved in light sensing). Finally, by domain analysis, for RcaE proteins (involved in chromatic adaptation), we predict 16 novel domain architectures that indicate novel functionalities in habitats with little or no light. Quantification of protein abundance in the various environments supports our findings that bacteria utilize light for sensing, repair, and adaptation far more widely than previously thought. While the discoveries illustrate the opportunities in function discovery, we also discuss the immense conceptual and practical challenges that come along with this new type of data.

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Huber, B., A. Whibley, Y. L. Poul, N. Navarro, A. Martin, S. Baxter, A. Shah, et al. "Conservatism and novelty in the genetic architecture of adaptation in Heliconius butterflies." Heredity 114, no. 5 (March 25, 2015): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2015.22.

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Morgan, Michael J., and Joshua A. Solomon. "A visual search asymmetry for relative novelty in the visual field based on sensory adaptation." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 82, no. 3 (December 24, 2019): 938–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01943-w.

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AbstractThe ability to detect sudden changes in the environment is important for survival. However, studies of “change blindness” have shown that image differences are hard to detect when a time delay or a mask is imposed between the different images. However, when sensory adaptation is permitted by accurate fixation, we find that change detection is not only possible but asymmetrical: a single changed target amongst 15 unchanging distractors is much easier to detect than a target defined by its lack of change. Although adaptation may selectively reduce the apparent contrast of unchanged objects, the asymmetry in “change salience” cannot be attributed to any such reduction because genuine reductions in target contrast increase, rather than decrease, target detectability. Analogous results preclude attribution to apparent differences between (a) target onset and distractor onset and (b) their temporal frequencies (both flickered at 7.5 Hz, minimizing afterimages). Our results demonstrate a hitherto underappreciated (or unappreciated) advantage conferred by low-level sensory adaptation: it automatically elevates the salience of previously absent objects.

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Colizzi, Enrico Sandro, Paulien Hogeweg, and Renske M. A. Vroomans. "Modelling the evolution of novelty: a review." Essays in Biochemistry 66, no. 6 (December 2022): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20220069.

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Abstract Evolution has been an inventive process since its inception, about 4 billion years ago. It has generated an astounding diversity of novel mechanisms and structures for adaptation to the environment, for competition and cooperation, and for organisation of the internal and external dynamics of the organism. How does this novelty come about? Evolution builds with the tools available, and on top of what it has already built – therefore, much novelty consists in repurposing old functions in a different context. In the process, the tools themselves evolve, allowing yet more novelty to arise. Despite evolutionary novelty being the most striking observable of evolution, it is not accounted for in classical evolutionary theory. Nevertheless, mathematical and computational models that illustrate mechanisms of evolutionary innovation have been developed. In the present review, we present and compare several examples of computational evo–devo models that capture two aspects of novelty: ‘between-level novelty’ and ‘constructive novelty.’ Novelty can evolve between predefined levels of organisation to dynamically transcode biological information across these levels – as occurs during development. Constructive novelty instead generates a level of biological organisation by exploiting the lower level as an informational scaffold to open a new space of possibilities – an example being the evolution of multicellularity. We propose that the field of computational evo–devo is well-poised to reveal many more exciting mechanisms for the evolution of novelty. A broader theory of evolutionary novelty may well be attainable in the near future.

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Kenny, Nathan J., Bruna Plese, Ana Riesgo, and Valeria B. Itskovich. "Symbiosis, Selection, and Novelty: Freshwater Adaptation in the Unique Sponges of Lake Baikal." Molecular Biology and Evolution 36, no. 11 (June 27, 2019): 2462–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz151.

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Abstract Freshwater sponges (Spongillida) are a unique lineage of demosponges that secondarily colonized lakes and rivers and are now found ubiquitously in these ecosystems. They developed specific adaptations to freshwater systems, including the ability to survive extreme thermal ranges, long-lasting dessication, anoxia, and resistance to a variety of pollutants. Although spongillids have colonized all freshwater systems, the family Lubomirskiidae is endemic to Lake Baikal and plays a range of key roles in this ecosystem. Our work compares the genomic content and microbiome of individuals of three species of the Lubomirskiidae, providing hypotheses for how molecular evolution has allowed them to adapt to their unique environments. We have sequenced deep (>92% of the metazoan “Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs” [BUSCO] set) transcriptomes from three species of Lubomirskiidae and a draft genome resource for Lubomirskia baikalensis. We note Baikal sponges contain unicellular algal and bacterial symbionts, as well as the dinoflagellate Gyrodinium. We investigated molecular evolution, gene duplication, and novelty in freshwater sponges compared with marine lineages. Sixty one orthogroups have consilient evidence of positive selection. Transporters (e.g., zinc transporter-2), transcription factors (aristaless-related homeobox), and structural proteins (e.g. actin-3), alongside other genes, are under strong evolutionary pressure in freshwater, with duplication driving novelty across the Spongillida, but especially in the Lubomirskiidae. This addition to knowledge of freshwater sponge genetics provides a range of tools for understanding the molecular biology and, in the future, the ecology (e.g., colonization and migration patterns) of these key species.

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Zhukovskaya, Marianna I. "Grooming Behavior in American Cockroach is Affected by Novelty and Odor." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/329514.

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The main features of grooming behavior are amazingly similar among arthropods and land vertebrates and serve the same needs. A particular pattern of cleaning movements in cockroaches shows cephalo-caudal progression. Grooming sequences become longer after adaptation to the new setting. Novelty related changes in grooming are recognized as a form of displacement behavior. Statistical analysis of behavior revealed that antennal grooming in American cockroach,Periplaneta americanaL., was significantly enhanced in the presence of odor.

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Kawa, Rafał, and Ewa Pisula. "Exploratory behaviour and adaptation to novelty in preschool children with autism – a preliminary report." Polish Psychological Bulletin 44, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppb-2013-0003.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare exploratory behaviours in children with autism and typically developing preschool children and the course of their adaptation to novelty. A series of five repeated trials was conducted, during which children were allowed to freely explore the experimental room. The results revealed differences between study groups in the overall rate of exploratory activity, which was lower in children with autism. Patterns of time characteristics of exploratory activity showed both similarities and differences between the groups. In both groups, the rate of simple exploratory behaviours (i.e. looking at an object, touching the object, manipulating one object) decreased with time, while the levels of diversive exploration (i.e. touching the wall or floor) increased. Children with autism engaged in less complex object manipulation than their peers. Similarly, their adaptation and habituation to a novel environment proceeded in a different way in the low stimulation zone than in the high stimulation zone. In the low and medium stimulation zones, the rate of exploration decreased with time, while in the high stimulation zone it remained relatively constant. In typically developing children, habituation occurred in all stimulation zones. These results suggest the presence of some differences between the patterns of adaptation to novelty in the two groups, which emerge in a stimulation-rich environment. Due to the limitations of the study, in particular the small number of subjects, the present paper should be treated as a preliminary report.

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Armbruster, W. S., J. Lee, and B. G. Baldwin. "Macroevolutionary patterns of defense and pollination in Dalechampia vines: Adaptation, exaptation, and evolutionary novelty." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 43 (October 19, 2009): 18085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907051106.

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Kim, Seungsu, Alexandre Coninx, and Stephane Doncieux. "From exploration to control: Learning object manipulation skills through novelty search and local adaptation." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 136 (February 2021): 103710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2020.103710.

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Agadullina, E. R., and M. A. Chumakova. "Psychological essentialism: development and adaptation the scale." Social Psychology and Society 8, no. 3 (2017): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2017080311.

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The article presents the results of the development and approbation of the scale of psychological essentialism (belief in invariability of group membership). The results of confirmatory factor analysis conducted on eight different groups (ethnic (Russians / Tajiks / Jews), gender groups (men / women), homosexuals (gay / lesbians) and religious groups (Orthodox / Muslim)) (n = 897), demonstrated the good fit to empirical data. The multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the different groups measured on the scale, can be compared with each other within a single category. The scale shows good convergent and discriminant validity. On the one hand, psychological essentialism associated with group entitativity, group identification, right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and justification the social hierarchy; on the other hand there are not correlation between the psychological essentialism and open to experience and attitude to novelty.

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Sharma, Sunil, Mukund R. Dixit, and Amit Karna. "Design leaps: business model adaptation in emerging economies." Journal of Asia Business Studies 10, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-01-2015-0009.

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Purpose Firms take design leaps when they imitate an established business model developed either by another firm or in another market to create business opportunities. While recent research has suggested the use of contextual intelligence for imitation, the exact process of adaptation of a business model is not fully understood. The purpose of this paper is to outline the process through which an emerging market firm adapts a developed market business model for creating business opportunities in the local market. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the journey of Air Deccan, the pioneer low-cost airline in India, from its founding until its successful adaptation of a (Western) business model and eventual failure. The authors use a qualitative case-based approach to study business model adaptation. Findings The authors find that adaptation involves the incorporation of following design features: novelty to overcome problem of institutional voids, elasticity to exploit unexpected increase in demand and efficiency to serve large volumes. Based on the evidence, the authors suggest the introduction of global efficiency measures as the boundary conditions of business model adaptation in emerging markets. Research limitations/implications The paper contributes to the literature on business models by suggesting elasticity as a unique design feature relevant for emerging markets. This paper provides granular understanding of business model toxicity. Practical implications Entrepreneurs and managers – looking to enter emerging markets through opportunity creation – should focus on providing contextually novel design features in the adapted business model. The authors also caution practitioners against the perils of toxicity arising out of combining contextual novelty with efficiency. Originality/value Recent literature suggests that multinationals need contextual intelligence to successfully monetize their investment in emerging economies. This paper provides rich description of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs in emerging markets, local innovations used to overcome them and boundary conditions.

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Vinken, K., X. Boix, and G. Kreiman. "Incorporating intrinsic suppression in deep neural networks captures dynamics of adaptation in neurophysiology and perception." Science Advances 6, no. 42 (October 2020): eabd4205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd4205.

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Adaptation is a fundamental property of sensory systems that can change subjective experiences in the context of recent information. Adaptation has been postulated to arise from recurrent circuit mechanisms or as a consequence of neuronally intrinsic suppression. However, it is unclear whether intrinsic suppression by itself can account for effects beyond reduced responses. Here, we test the hypothesis that complex adaptation phenomena can emerge from intrinsic suppression cascading through a feedforward model of visual processing. A deep convolutional neural network with intrinsic suppression captured neural signatures of adaptation including novelty detection, enhancement, and tuning curve shifts, while producing aftereffects consistent with human perception. When adaptation was trained in a task where repeated input affects recognition performance, an intrinsic mechanism generalized better than a recurrent neural network. Our results demonstrate that feedforward propagation of intrinsic suppression changes the functional state of the network, reproducing key neurophysiological and perceptual properties of adaptation.

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Dorfman, L. Ya, A. V. Dubrovsky, E. A. Tsariev, E. A. Kurochkin, V. N. Liadov, and A. Yu Kalugin. "ADAPTATION AND INNOVATION IN A DUAL MODEL OF DISCIPLINE OF CADETS AT A MILITARY INSTITUTE." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 30, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9550-2020-30-4-351-361.

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The discipline of cadets of military institutes of the National Guard of Russia (Rosgvardiya) is a subject of the current study. It is developed from the perspective of the meta-individual world theory and with reference to adaptation and innovation. A cross-theoretical approach was used: twofold structure of discipline, adaptation and innovation, divergent thinking. Their integration was the topic of this research. The sample consisted of 227 junior cadets of the Perm Military Institute of Rosgvardiya - young men aged 17 to 22 years. Both direct and indirect (through creativity) effects of discipline on the scales of adaptation and innovation of the Kirton method were discovered. It was shown that discipline and adaptation-innovation, by interaction, create a polysystemic effect. It has been suggested that "novelty" is embedded in adaptation and that they together represent integration based on a dual format.

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Ribeiro Lopes, Mélanie, Nicolas Parisot, Karen Gaget, Cissy Huygens, Sergio Peignier, Gabrielle Duport, Julien Orlans, et al. "Evolutionary novelty in the apoptotic pathway of aphids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 51 (December 7, 2020): 32545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013847117.

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Apoptosis, a conserved form of programmed cell death, shows interspecies differences that may reflect evolutionary diversification and adaptation, a notion that remains largely untested. Among insects, the most speciose animal group, the apoptotic pathway has only been fully characterized inDrosophila melanogaster, and apoptosis-related proteins have been studied in a few other dipteran and lepidopteran species. Here, we studied the apoptotic pathway in the aphidAcyrthosiphon pisum, an insect pest belonging to the Hemiptera, an earlier-diverging and distantly related order. We combined phylogenetic analyses and conserved domain identification to annotate the apoptotic pathway inA. pisumand found low caspase diversity and a large expansion of its inhibitory part, with 28 inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs). We analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of a selected set of pea aphid IAPs and showed that they are differentially expressed in different life stages and tissues, suggesting functional diversification. Five IAPs are specifically induced in bacteriocytes, the specialized cells housing symbiotic bacteria, during their cell death. We demonstrated the antiapoptotic role of these five IAPs using heterologous expression in a tractable in vivo model, theDrosophila melanogasterdeveloping eye. Interestingly, IAPs with the strongest antiapoptotic potential contain two BIR and two RING domains, a domain association that has not been observed in any other species. We finally analyzed all available aphid genomes and found that they all show large IAP expansion, with new combinations of protein domains, suggestive of evolutionarily novel aphid-specific functions.

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Jobbágy, Zoltán. "On Adaptation in Military Operations: Tinkering and Bottom–Up Perspectives." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2014.3.1.

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A biological perspective has much to offer for a better understanding of military operations. Biological evolution and military operations feature perpetual novelty and conditions far from equilibrium featuring dynamics that demand continuous adaptation. The author suggests that comprehending military operations in an evolutionary framework requires a shift from mechanics and engineering to biology and adaptation. Thus the emphasis moves from statics to dynamics, from time–free to time–prone reality, from determinism to probability and chance, and from uni- formity to variation and diversity, with all the consequences.

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Ballaz, Santiago J., Huda Akil, and Stanley J. Watson. "The CCK-system mediates adaptation to novelty-induced stress in the rat: A pharmacological evidence." Neuroscience Letters 428, no. 1 (November 2007): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2007.09.035.

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Joseph, Jane E., David K. Powell, Anders H. Andersen, Ramesh S. Bhatt, Michael K. Dunlap, Stephen T. Foldes, Eric Forman, Peter A. Hardy, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, and Zhiming Zhang. "fMRI in alert, behaving monkeys: An adaptation of the human infant familiarization novelty preference procedure." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 157, no. 1 (October 2006): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.03.018.

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Gallitano-Mendel, A., Y. Izumi, K. Tokuda, C. F. Zorumski, M. P. Howell, L. J. Muglia, D. F. Wozniak, and J. Milbrandt. "The immediate early gene early growth response gene 3 mediates adaptation to stress and novelty." Neuroscience 148, no. 3 (September 2007): 633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.050.

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Smith, James A., Mercedes Pozo Buil, Jerome Fiechter, Desiree Tommasi, and Michael G. Jacox. "Projected novelty in the climate envelope of the California Current at multiple spatial-temporal scales." PLOS Climate 1, no. 4 (April 4, 2022): e0000022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000022.

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A useful measure of general climate stress is where and when novel habitats emerge. Here we evaluate ‘climate envelope novelty’–a spatial indicator of system-level habitat change–in the California Current System (CCS), by quantifying the emergence of novel ocean conditions in multivariate physical-biogeochemical space. We use downscaled climate projections from three earth system models out to 2100 under emission scenario RCP8.5, and detect novelty at multiple spatial-temporal scales using two methods (n-dimensional hypervolumes and extrapolation detection). Under high emissions, persistent novelty doesn’t appear until around 2040 and then only in small patches of Southern California and the Pacific North West. However, novelty increases rapidly after this (especially in warmer seasons), so that by 2060 up to 50% of the CCS in an average year has shifted to a novel local climate, which increases to 100% by 2090. These results are for the average year, and the first years to experience these levels of novelty typically occur 20 years sooner. The ecosystem will increasingly experience novel combinations of warmer temperatures, lower dissolved oxygen (especially inshore), and a shallower mixed layer (especially offshore). The emergence of extensive local novelty year-round has implications for the required ubiquitous redistribution or adaptation of CCS ecology, and the emergence of extensive regional novelty in warmer months has implications for bioregional change and regionally emerging fisheries. One of our climate projections showed considerably less novelty, indicating that realistic uncertainties in climate change (especially the rate of warming) can mean the difference between a mostly novel or mostly analog future.

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Vainshteina, Yulia, Victoria Shershneva, Roman Esin, Gennady Tsibulsky, and Konstantin Safonov. "Adaptation algorithms of mathematical educational content in e-learning courses." SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801010.

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This article is devoted to the development of algorithms for the adaptation of mathematical educational content and their implementation in the e-learning system. The adaptation of a mathematical content consists in the selection of an optimal edition of the material that best suits the individual characteristics of the student. The novelty of the work is the organization of the adaptation algorithms of the educational content in a three-level system: "introductory content adaptation" (an adaptation of the content of introductory materials of the discipline based on the initial level of students) - "current adaptation of the content" (an adaptation of the mathematical content based on current effective actions of students in the electronic course) - "appraisal-correcting adaptation" (an adaptation of normative parameters of the level of assimilation of materials, taking into account the results achieved by students). The introduction of the proposed three-stage system makes it possible to implement in individual educational trajectories and to form for each student a personal space of mathematical educational content that adapts to its level of mastering the material, which helps to improve the quality of instruction in mathematical disciplines. An approbation of the proposed algorithms was carried out in the adaptive e-course in discrete mathematics, implemented at Siberian Federal University in Russia.

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Savitskaya, Tatiana E. "Discovering the New Cultural Reality: Benefits and Drawbacks of the Augmented Reality Technology." Observatory of Culture, no. 4 (August 28, 2014): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2014-0-4-34-41.

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Explores new modes of cultural production and consumption brought to life by introduction of augmented reality (AR) technology. The special attention is paid to the famous Google Glass as a novelty of ARtechnology and to the problems of its social, medical and anthropological adaptation in particular. The author also addresses the possible impact of the ARtechnology mass dissemination.

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Cotton, Matthew, and Emma Stevens. "Mapping Discourses of Climate Change Adaptation in the United Kingdom." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 1 (October 18, 2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-18-0024.1.

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Abstract The concept of adaptation is becoming part of mainstream public discourse on climate change. Yet the diversity, complexity, and novelty of the adaptation concept itself leads to interpretive flexibility, differing public understanding of (and engagement with) adaptation strategies, and hence differentiated policy responses. The boundary work of communicative practices and public understanding of the adaptation concept therefore requires empirical analysis in different cases and contexts. This study employs Q-methodology (a combined quantitative–qualitative social research method) to reveal the typologies of perspectives that emerge around the adaptation concept among a diverse group of citizen-stakeholders in the United Kingdom. Four such typologies are identified under the labels 1) top-down climate action, 2) collective action on climate change, 3) optimistic, values-focused adaptation, and 4) adaptation skepticism. The division between these perspectives reveals a perceived “responsibility gap” between the governmental–institutional and/or individual–community levels. Across the emergent discourses we find a consensual call for a multisector, multiscalar, and multistakeholder-led approach that posits adaptation as a contemporary, intragenerational problem, with a strong emphasis upon managing extreme weather events, and not as an abstract future problem. By attending to these public discourses in climate policy, this presents a potential means to lessen such a responsibility gap.

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Conith, Moira R., Andrew J. Conith, and R. Craig Albertson. "Evolution of a soft‐tissue foraging adaptation in African cichlids: Roles for novelty, convergence, and constraint." Evolution 73, no. 10 (September 2, 2019): 2072–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evo.13824.

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Hajdukiewicz, John R., and Kim J. Vicente. "Designing for Adaptation to Novelty and Change: Functional Information, Emergent Feature Graphics, and Higher-Level Control." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 44, no. 4 (December 2002): 592–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/0018720024496980.

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Pittaluga, Anna. "Acute Functional Adaptations in Isolated Presynaptic Terminals Unveil Synaptosomal Learning and Memory." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (July 25, 2019): 3641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153641.

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Synaptosomes are used to decipher the mechanisms involved in chemical transmission, since they permit highlighting the mechanisms of transmitter release and confirming whether the activation of presynaptic receptors/enzymes can modulate this event. In the last two decades, important progress in the field came from the observations that synaptosomes retain changes elicited by both “in vivo” and “in vitro” acute chemical stimulation. The novelty of these studies is the finding that these adaptations persist beyond the washout of the triggering drug, emerging subsequently as functional modifications of synaptosomal performances, including release efficiency. These findings support the conclusion that synaptosomes are plastic entities that respond dynamically to ambient stimulation, but also that they “learn and memorize” the functional adaptation triggered by acute exposure to chemical agents. This work aims at reviewing the results so far available concerning this form of synaptosomal learning, also highlighting the role of these acute chemical adaptations in pathological conditions.

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Vanyushina, Natalya. "The current state of the system of personnel adaptation in state and municipal institutions." Applied psychology and pedagogy 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2500-0543-2019-24-42.

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The relevance of scientific research of personnel adaptation problems is concluded in the urgent need to make qualitative changes in this process. The purpose of the changes is to systematize and improve this process. The object of the study are the features of the process of adaptation of personnel of state and municipal institutions. The subject of the study is the technology to improve the system of personnel adaptation, contributing to the constructive implementation of job functions. The purpose of the work is to analyze and improve the system of personnel adaptation of state and municipal institutions, as well as on the basis of the analysis to develop recommendations for managers to optimize the process of adaptation of employees. A conscious and well-built system of personnel adaptation will stabilize the personnel composition and its qualitative renewal, which will contribute to the efficiency of state and municipal institutions. The scientific novelty of the study is to expand, Supplement and clarify scientific views on management activities and analysis of the system of personnel adaptation and opportunities for its improvement. The practical significance of the results is to substantiate, firstly, the possibility of optimization at the present stage of the process of personnel adaptation in the organization, and secondly, the main directions of improving the system of personnel adaptation of state and municipal institutions.

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Panchenko, Svitlana, and Svitlana Litovka-Demenina. "THE INFLUENCE OF CLASSICAL MOTIVATION THEORIES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING IN MODERN REALITIES." Problems of Innovation and Investment Development, no. 27 (December 21, 2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33813/2224-1213.27.2021.8.

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The purpose of the article is to analyze the classical theories of motivation and their relevance in modern education. The research methodology consists in the application of methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, forecasting. Scientific novelty lies in the adaptation of classical motivational models to modern learning in modern realities. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was found that classical theories of motivation are quite effective in modern realities, but they require adaptation to modern online methods, since the pandemic has entailed a transformation in the field of education. Key words: motivation, incentive, online learning, offline learning, pandemic, theories of motivation, digitalization, time management.

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Kloth, Nadine, Stefan R. Schweinberger, and Gyula Kovács. "Neural Correlates of Generic versus Gender-specific Face Adaptation." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 10 (October 2010): 2345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21329.

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The perception of facial gender has been found to be adaptively recalibrated: adaptation to male faces causes participants to perceive subsequent faces as more feminine and vice versa [Webster, M. A., Kaping, D., Mizokami, Y., & Duhamel, P. Adaptation to natural facial categories. Nature, 428, 557–561, 2004]. In an event-related brain potential (ERP) study, Kovács et al. [Kovács, G., Zimmer, M., Banko, E., Harza, I., Antal, A., & Vidnyanszky, Z. Electrophysiological correlates of visual adaptation to faces and body parts in humans. Cerebral Cortex, 16, 742–753, 2006] reported reduced N170 amplitudes and increased latencies for test faces following female gender adaptation compared to control stimulus (a phase randomized face) adaptation. We examined whether this N170 attenuation to test faces was related to the adaptor's gender, or to adaptation to face exposure in general. We compared N170 effects after adaptation to either male or androgynous faces. Additionally, we investigated cross-modal adaptation for the same test faces following male or androgynous voice adaptors. Visual adaptation to face gender replicated previously reported aftereffects in classifying androgynous faces, and a similar trend was observed following adaptation to voice gender. Strikingly, N170 amplitudes were dramatically reduced for faces following face adaptors (relative to those following voice adaptors), whereas only minimal gender-specific adaptation effects were seen in the N170. By contrast, strong gender-specific adaptation effects appeared in a centroparietal P3-like component (∼400–600 msec), which in the context of adaptation may reflect a neural correlate of the detection of perceptual novelty.

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Trofimov, Andrii, Kateryna Miliutina, Iuliia Romanova, Olha Drobot, and Nataliia Rubel. "Psychological factors of adaptation to remote work of inclusive education specialists." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.05.

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine, almost every area of life has undergone global challenges and changes during the first lockdown, in March–May 2020. In particular, healthcare professionals faced the need to change their traditional activities of providing psychological assistance to children with special educational needs. Inclusive education has not been adapted to distance education in Ukraine. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of personality traits and the activity features on the use of remote educational tools by inclusive education specialists during quarantine. The study involved 50 professionals working with children with special educational needs. The surveyed professional included 26 psychologists, 13 speech therapists and 11 correctional educators. The survey was conducted online, covered six Ukrainian cities and was based on psychological questionnaires. The paper concludes that work effectiveness of healthcare specialists in remote form depends on the following personality traits: the level of tolerance for uncertainty and novelty, generosity, orientation toward the specialist’s achievements; it also depends on the method of assistance and the children’s nosologies. The paper provides three “psychological portraits” of specialists who find themselves in quarantine. Most of the specialists who participated in the study (more than 75%) expressed the opinion that remote learning was less effective than traditional education. Only applied behavior analysts believed that online corrective classes were good enough to use this form of activity in the future.

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Semin, Alexander N. "Adaptation of young specialists in business subjects placed in rural territories." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 8 (2022): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2022-0-8-45-49.

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The level of uncertainty that characterizes the current economic conditions, associated with the permanent transformation of institutional mechanisms, significantly affects the process of adaptation of young professionals in economic entities located in rural areas. The adaptation under consideration is connected with two stages: educational (implemented at the level of specialist training) and production (at the level of performance of professional duties). The purpose of the study is to develop new forms and mechanisms for the adaptation of graduates of agricultural educational institutions to the conditions of functioning of the real sector of the economy and rural areas. The scientific novelty of the study is revealed in the provisions associated with new forms and mechanisms of adaptation of graduates of agricultural educational institutions to production processes and the social and labor sphere of rural areas. The article presents the results of a study of the adaptation periods of graduates of educational institutions implementing agricultural profiles, and also clarifies the essential content of the adaptation mechanism for young professionals. The result of the study was the development of proposals and recommendations aimed at reducing the period of adaptation of young professionals in economic entities located in rural areas, and ensuring a high level of their fixation. These proposals and recommendations are elements of the development of an appropriate institutional mechanism.

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Salomons, A. R., J. A. K. R. van Luijk, N. R. Reinders, S. Kirchhoff, S. S. Arndt, and F. Ohl. "Identifying emotional adaptation: behavioural habituation to novelty and immediate early gene expression in two inbred mouse strains." Genes, Brain and Behavior 9, no. 1 (February 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-183x.2009.00527.x.

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Meshkova, N. V., S. N. Enikolopov, O. V. Mitina, and I. A. Meshkov. "Adaptation of the Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale." Психологическая наука и образование 23, no. 6 (2018): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2018230603.

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The paper presents results of adapting the Russian version of the Malevolent Creativity Behavior Scale (MCBS) developed under the guidance of M.Ranko (Hao et al, Front.Psychol.2016.Vol.7.682).The adaptation was carried out in 2016—2018 on a sample of 458 people (convicted of lucrative, aggressive and lucrative, and aggressive violent crimes; employees of law enforcement bodies, football fans; students of Moscow educational institutions of different profiles).The three-factor structure of the translated version corresponds to the original version and includes 3 scales: ‘Harm’, ‘Lies’ and ‘Mean jokes’.The analysis of constructive validity revealed significant correlations of the integral scale with aggression, hostility, anger (Bass-Perry questionnaire), search for novelty (TCI-125), and aggression and hostility became significant positive predictors of malevolent creativity.The paper analyses the differences from the original version of the scale.As it was revealed, the values of the social focus, ‘Traditions’ and ‘Conformism-Rules’ (PVQ-R), can block the connection between aggression components and malevolent creativity.The stability of the scale’s factor structure was confirmed on different samples of subjects; the evaluation of construct validity and retest reliability was carried out.According to the adaptation results, the translated version of the MCBS can be applied in practice and research.The paper outlines the core of melavolent creativity profile and provides some suggestions for further research.

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Tiong, Kui Ming, and Ming Yu Cheng. "Cross-cultural Adaptation Index of Chinese Expatriates in Malaysia: Extended Location-Specific Advantages." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol.5(3) Jul-Sep 2017 5, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 09–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.3(3).

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Objective - In the fast changing globalizing and liberalizing world, the concern is not only on the location-specific advantages of a host country but also on how multinational enterprises manage to survive ex-post entry in a different environment. The cultural distance between the home and host countries thus plays an important role in this context. Empirical studies have shown that cultural distance and cross-cultural adaptation are interrelated, and there is a moderating role played by cultural distance on the cross-cultural adaptation. The cross-cultural adaptation is thus an important dimension to be considered in order to extend the L-advantages. Many studies have been conducted to build a cultural distance scale. Yet only a few studies have been conducted to construct a cross-cultural adaptation scale. This study thus aims to build a cross-cultural adaptation index. Methodology/Technique - The index is built based on the data collected from Chinese expatriates through in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys. Findings - Two simple cross-cultural adaptation scales were built. These are the Simple Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (SSAS) and Psychological Adaptation Scale (SPAS) with seven pillars. An average index score was computed for each pillar. Living (78.79), interaction (69.19), regulative (64.02), work (85.61), psychological well-being (68.33), satisfaction (63.64), and intention to stay (62.12). The sociocultural adaptation index scored 76.57, while the psychological adaptation index scored 65.91. Novelty - This study provides insights for better understanding of Malaysian cultural environment to investors, expatriates, and policymakers as well as to extend and enrich the OLI paradigm. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Extended location-specific advantages; Cross-cultural adaptation index; Sociocultural adaptation; Psychological adaption; OLI paradigm. JEL Classification: F21, G14, Z13.

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Bell, Brittany A., Mimi L. Phan, and David S. Vicario. "Neural responses in songbird forebrain reflect learning rates, acquired salience, and stimulus novelty after auditory discrimination training." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 5 (March 1, 2015): 1480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00611.2014.

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How do social interactions form and modulate the neural representations of specific complex signals? This question can be addressed in the songbird auditory system. Like humans, songbirds learn to vocalize by imitating tutors heard during development. These learned vocalizations are important in reproductive and social interactions and in individual recognition. As a model for the social reinforcement of particular songs, male zebra finches were trained to peck for a food reward in response to one song stimulus (GO) and to withhold responding for another (NoGO). After performance reached criterion, single and multiunit neural responses to both trained and novel stimuli were obtained from multiple electrodes inserted bilaterally into two songbird auditory processing areas [caudomedial mesopallium (CMM) and caudomedial nidopallium (NCM)] of awake, restrained birds. Neurons in these areas undergo stimulus-specific adaptation to repeated song stimuli, and responses to familiar stimuli adapt more slowly than to novel stimuli. The results show that auditory responses differed in NCM and CMM for trained (GO and NoGO) stimuli vs. novel song stimuli. When subjects were grouped by the number of training days required to reach criterion, fast learners showed larger neural responses and faster stimulus-specific adaptation to all stimuli than slow learners in both areas. Furthermore, responses in NCM of fast learners were more strongly left-lateralized than in slow learners. Thus auditory responses in these sensory areas not only encode stimulus familiarity, but also reflect behavioral reinforcement in our paradigm, and can potentially be modulated by social interactions.

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42

Indrabayu, Indrabayu, Rahmat Hardian Putra, Ingrid Nurtanio, Intan Sari Areni, and Anugrayani Bustamin. "Blob adaptation through frames analysis for dynamic fire detection." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 2189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i5.2622.

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This study was aiming at helping visually impaired people to detect and estimate the fire distance. Blind people had difficulty knowing the existence of fire at a safe distance; hence the possibility of burning could occur. The color models and blob analysis methods were used to detect the presence of fire in the blind path. Before the fire detection stage, the cascade of the HSV and RGB color models was applied to segment the reddish fire color. The size and shape of a dynamic fire were the parameters used in this paper to distinguish fire from non-fire objects. Changes in the area of the fire object obtained at the Blob analysis stage per 10 frames were the main contributions and novelty in this paper. After the fire is detected, the calculation of the fire distance to a blind person was completed using a pinhole model. This research used 35 data videos with a resolution of 480x640 pixels. The results showed that the fire detection system and the distance estimation achieved an accuracy of 88.86% and the MSE of 0.0358, respectively.

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Авдеева, А., Anna Avdeeva, Ю. Сафонова, and Yu Safonova. "Difficulties of Adaptation of the First-Year Students at Technical University." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 7, no. 4 (September 25, 2018): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b8d0f2de3cb07.73192178.

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The article presents the results of the study of an adaptation process of first-year students to the environment of the technical university. The actuality and novelty of this work are conditioned by current changes in the Russian system of higher professional education. The following problems of adaptation are pointed out as typical ones: lack of knowledge of the specifi cs of social interaction at the university in students; inadequate conceptualizations about organization of the educational process at the higher school; an external and mixed career motivation in the fi rst year’s students. A diversifi ed socio-cultural university environment is being described as a factor contributing to acceptance of the social role of «student» at the emotional level. At the same time, forming the cognitive components of the «student» role takes place not earlier than 5-6 weeks of the study at university. The results of this research have shown the necessity of including of adaptation training into the educational process for fi rst-year students.

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Svečko, Rajko, Dušan Gleich, and Andrej Sarjaš. "The Effective Chattering Suppression Technique with Adaptive Super-Twisted Sliding Mode Controller Based on the Quasi-Barrier Function; An Experimentation Setup." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020595.

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The paper presents a modified adaptation algorithm for the super-twisted sliding mode controller structure, based on the barrier function method. The aim of the paper is to reduce the chattering phenomena of the controller, which limited the use of the controller in different applications. The chattering phenomena are mostly caused by the overestimated controller gain due to the assumed disturbance bound, which is mostly inaccurate. The chattering origins are also the unknown parasitic dynamic of the system and discrete implementation of the controller. The proposed method with the Barrier function is used to alleviate the chattering phenomena with the adaptation of the controller parameters. The novelty of the method is using an adaptation procedure only in prescribed regions of the sliding variable, otherwise, the adaptation is not used. The advantage of the method is the proper rejection of the chattering phenomena in the vicinity of the manifold of the sliding variable, regardless of the order of the system. With proper selection of the adaptation boundary, the effect of discrete implementation, especially for a longer sampling time of the algorithm, can be suppressed efficiently, as well as the effect of the overestimated controller parameters. The proposed method is verified and compared with a standard version of the algorithm in simulation and real-time environments.

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Bauer, V. P., G. L. Podvoisky, and N. E. Kotova. "Adaptation Strategies of the U.S. Companies to the Digitalization of Production." World of new economy 12, no. 2 (August 24, 2018): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2018-12-2-78-89.

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The article considers one of the little-studied scientific problems — the problem of adaptation to digitalization in the sphere of production. This problem is investigated by the authors on the example of American companies. The researchers set themselves the task of analyzing various aspects of this problem — to identify the features and stages of adaptation of American companies in the implementation of digitalization in the field of production. The analysis of various scientific, analytical and expert sources allowed the authors to formulate not only the peculiarities of the processes of adaptation of American companies to digitalization in the field of production but also to identify the logic of the transition to the main levels of this adaptation from the lowest to the highest. The novelty and complexity of the problem of adaptation of the company in the process of informatization, according to the authors, significantly increases the role and responsibility of company managers, their ability to accept and actively contribute to new management practices. The study conducted by the authors showed that in the process of developing a strategy for the adaptation of American companies to digitalization in the field of production, various aspects should be taken into account, new technologies and management practices should be developed. The analysis of the problem allowed the authors to make significant progress in understanding the complexity of the adaptation processes of companies that start the process of digitalization.

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Avakova, Ol'ga Viktorovna. "On the adaptation of foreign students." Педагогика и просвещение, no. 4 (April 2021): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2021.4.34876.

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Over the recent years, internationalization of the educational process draws heightened interests to foreign students, which in turn, entails a surge of research dedicated to the problems of their adaptation. The goal of this article lies in analyzing the cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students from non-CIS states who study in Russia. The subject of this article is the targeted work of the academic staff on the adaptation of foreign students. Methodological framework is comprised of the following approaches: individual, personality-oriented, activity-oriented, humanistic, and cross-cultural, which takes into account the ethnic and cultural-specific peculiarities of foreign students. The relevance of this topic is justified by the globalization trends of international educational space, as well as strategic tasks of the Russian higher education – stimulate the export of educational services, attract foreign students, and promote the integration of foreign specialists in the Russian job market. The scientific novelty lies in determination of the factors that either contribute to or obstruct the adaptation of foreign students in the Russian universities, as well as the agents of adaptation. On the example of Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN", the author analyzes the peculiarities of adaptation process, as well as the factors that improve the living and learning conditions of foreign citizens in the new sociocultural environment, increase the level of multicultural interaction within the framework of the educational institution. It is established that the adaptation of foreign students depends on the psychophysiological, educational-cognitive, sociocultural and casual factors, which are closely interrelated. The problems faced by foreign students are associated with submerging to a new sociocultural and educational environment of the university; therefore, the process of their adaptation should be organized, targeted, and integrated.

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Syed, Zeeshan A., Romano Dallai, Negar Nasirzadeh, Julie A. Brill, Patrick M. O’Grady, Siyuan Cong, Ethan M. Leef, et al. "Sperm Cyst “Looping”: A Developmental Novelty Enabling Extreme Male Ornament Evolution." Cells 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10102762.

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Postcopulatory sexual selection is credited as a principal force behind the rapid evolution of reproductive characters, often generating a pattern of correlated evolution between interacting, sex-specific traits. Because the female reproductive tract is the selective environment for sperm, one taxonomically widespread example of this pattern is the co-diversification of sperm length and female sperm-storage organ dimension. In Drosophila, having testes that are longer than the sperm they manufacture was believed to be a universal physiological constraint. Further, the energetic and time costs of developing long testes have been credited with underlying the steep evolutionary allometry of sperm length and constraining sperm length evolution in Drosophila. Here, we report on the discovery of a novel spermatogenic mechanism—sperm cyst looping—that enables males to produce relatively long sperm in short testis. This phenomenon (restricted to members of the saltans and willistoni species groups) begins early during spermatogenesis and is potentially attributable to heterochronic evolution, resulting in growth asynchrony between spermatid tails and the surrounding spermatid and somatic cyst cell membranes. By removing the allometric constraint on sperm length, this evolutionary innovation appears to have enabled males to evolve extremely long sperm for their body mass while evading delays in reproductive maturation time. On the other hand, sperm cyst looping was found to exact a cost by requiring greater total energetic investment in testes and a pronounced reduction in male lifespan. We speculate on the ecological selection pressures underlying the evolutionary origin and maintenance of this unique adaptation.

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Panasenko, Svetlana Viktorovna, Oksana Sergeevna Karashchuk, Elena Anatolievna Krasilnikova, and Aleksandr Fedorovich Nikishin. "Efficiency evaluation of intangible resources of e-commerce organizations based on cost indicators." Lizing (Leasing), no. 1 (2022): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-03-2201-07.

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The paper substantiates a system of efficiency indicators of intangible resources in e-commerce based on the initial cost indicators. Performance indicators are divided by resource groups, including formalization (identifiable and non-identifiable), and stakeholder groups (owners, organization, suppliers and contact audiences, employees, customers). The scientific novelty of the work lies in the author's addition of already existing indicators for assessing the effectiveness of intangible resources and their adaptation to the fi eld of e-commerce.

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Paranchuk, Ya S., Y. V. Shabatura, and O. O. Kuznyetsov. "Electromechanical guidance system based on a fuzzy proportional-plus-differential position controller." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2021.3.04.

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Purpose. The purpose is to develop solutions for the implementation of optimal laws of arms positioning, overshoot-free and requiring no post-adjustments. Method. The control model is based on the fuzzy set theory; and the structural modeling methodology is used to study the dynamics indices. Results. The structural scheme of the positional electromechanical system with a fuzzy proportional-plus-differential position controller and the method of control adaptation to the position reference signal change are obtained. Scientific novelty. A model of a fuzzy proportional-differential controller signal adaptation in the structure of a positional electromechanical system is proposed. Practical value. A solution is obtained for the implementation of optimal guidance process, non-overshooting and requiring no post-adjustments, also featuring the maximum weapons speed and minimal sensitivity to parametric disturbances.

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ALEXANYAN, MЕRI. "SPOUSES’ COMPATIBILITY AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN A YOUNG ARMENIAN FAMILY." Scientific bulletin 1, no. 43 (August 24, 2022): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/scientific.v1i43.3.

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The article discusses the issue of spouse compatibility and social-psychological adjustment in young Armenian families, which, on the one hand, relies on positive feelings, emotionality, on the other hand, on the agreement of various demands (sexual, material, spiritual), including interests, opinions, views, on the value system established in the family. Aspects of psychological compatibility of couples are also presented. The discussion of the mentioned aspects reveals the supremacy of the compatibility of values and their conformity in Armenian families, which ensures the mutual understanding and coexistence of young spouses. As a result of the conducted research, one of the main areas of joint life in Armenian families was revealed, that is the conformity of the value system of young spouses, which we presented in the form of a hierarchical system. The classification model of socio-psychological adjustment features of spouses in young Armenian families has also been developed. Hence, the analyzes and studies done on the issue determine the novelty of the article.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Novelty adaptation'

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