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Journal articles on the topic 'Novel (haiti)20th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Tulp, PhD, MD, FACN, CNS, Orien L. "Will a re-emergence of ancient infectious diseases pose a new risk to humanity in the coming millennia?" Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open access 15, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00572.

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Infectious diseases including smallpox, the black plague, cholera, and others have been responsible for the loss of millions of lives over the past millennia, prior to the development of effective treatment strategies during the recent century. Throughout history, epidemics and pandemics are known to have occurred intermittently throughout the world for over 2,500 years. During the 20th century, many of the causative infectious agents were identified, the evolution of vaccines and antimicrobials were developed, resulting in treatment strategies and public health measures that brought about the resolution and presumed virtual eradication of some of the infectious agents. Cholera is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and outbreaks continue to occur, with the most recent epidemic in Haiti following the massive earthquake of 2010 despite the development of effective vaccines and supporting public health measures. While smallpox was deemed to have been eradicated by the WHO, the recent discovery of Alaskapox, a novel strain of orthopoxvirus that is genetically similar to ‘old-world’ smallpox claimed its first fatality in January 2024. The bubonic plague also continues to reappear in clusters, most recently in rural Oregon in the USA in early 2024. Thus, the emergence of variants of these and other devastating ancient diseases continues to require diligence in establishing and delivery of public health measures and therapeutic options to ensure the plagues of former millennia remain in the history books and not in the community during the present and future generations.

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2

Spadijer, Sonja. "La domesticité, phénomène socioculturel, représentée dans les œuvres Zoune chez sa ninnaine de Justin Lhérisson et Rêves amers de Maryse Condé." French Cultural Studies 33, no. 1 (February 2022): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09571558211044965.

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That childhood should be everywhere at home whatever the circumstances, has been implored by poets. Their powerful voices call on the international community to mobilize to protect the rights of the child. However, there are unfair practices; child domestic work is one of them. These children are called ‘domestic children’, ‘service children’ and les ‘restavèk’. Denounced by humanitarian institutions, child domestic work unfortunately still exists today. This issue has been taken up by writers, thus becoming one of the key themes of literature in French and Creole languages. Our aim is to recall the major role that this literature has played, for more than a century, in raising the awareness of a very large readership on the harmful effects of this practice on children and adolescents. This study will focus on two authors and their works talking about this phenomenon in the context of Haiti, Justin Lhérisson (late 19th and early 20th centuries) with his lodyans Zoune chez sa ninnaine (1906) and Maryse Condé (20th and 21st centuries) with her novel Rêves amers (1987), both closely tied to Haitian culture. While using different literary frameworks, either Creolity in Maryse Condé or Social Realism in Justin Lhérisson, they chose in their fictions to tell about the condition of a child placed in domestic service. Dealing with this phenomenon is also talking about the quest for identity in Haitian literature, which at the beginning a literature of imitation. The expression of J. Lhérisson proves that this literature has become autonomous and that it represents its culture and its society. Because of the originality and the impact exerted, his work deserves to be remembered as part of the universal cultural heritage. M. Condé pleads for freedom of expression, literary cosmopolitanism, universal values, refusing any classification within the borders of a single country or a single language. Thus, the Haitian social realism represented in the expression of these two authors of the Caribbean space brings Creole literature closer to word literature.

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Hoetink, H. "The Dominican Republic in the twentieth century : notes on mobility and stratification." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 74, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2000): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002562.

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Sketches some major social developments in 20th-c. Dominican Republic, concentrating on the turn of the last century, the early decades of the 20th c., the Trujillo period, and the post-Trujillo era. Author pays special attention the the question of 'color', stratification, and identity and the relation between the country and Haiti. He concludes that the Dominican Republic has experienced many great changes, making society more complex and more stratified.

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4

Neevel, Han. "Logwood Writing Inks: History, Production, Forensics, and Use." Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 42, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/res-2021-0015.

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Abstract In the 16th century, the Spanish brought logwood from Mexico to Europe. Its extract was used for textile dyeing. The French introduced the logwood tree to Western Hispaniola, which became Haiti in 1804. Around 1880, Haiti exported most of its logwood to France. In 1847, Runge introduced the black chrome-logwood ink as an alternative for iron-gall ink, because the latter attacked the steel writing nibs. The most important constituents of logwood are hematoxylin and hematein. Due to the profitable import conditions from Haiti, chrome-logwood ink became the cheapest and most commonly used black writing ink in France. This could explain why Vincent van Gogh, during his French period, used it for writing and drawing and why most of the French postcards from the first half of the 20th century, studied in this publication, were written with chrome-logwood ink, while most of the Dutch postcards were written with an iron gall ink.

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5

Timofeeva, Julia A. "Brazilian “soft power”. In the context of peacekeeping missions in Haiti and Lebanon." Latinskaia Amerika, no. 4 (May 5, 2024): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x24040057.

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In the context of growing tensions in international relations the example of Brazil as a country that integrated into the global context mainly by peaceful means and which in 2023 was again headed by the president who consolidated its status of a peacekeeping country in the first decade of the XXI century is of particular relevance. The year 2024 will mark the 20th anniversary of Brazil's landmark UN peacekeeping operation in Haiti, and the aggravation of the political and social situation on the island since the second half of 2021 makes the topic even more pressing. Using the case study method, i.e., the example of the missions in Haiti and Lebanon, the author analyses the use of “soft power” by Brazilian peacekeepers during the operations with a force component.

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6

Esaulenko, Larisa Andreevna. "Problems of artistic representation: French novel of 20th century." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture 4 (December 2017): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2017-4-20-23.

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7

Manolachi, Monica. "An overview on the 20th-century Central-European novel." Swedish Journal of Romanian Studies 7, no. 1 (May 15, 2024): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35824/sjrs.v7i1.26035.

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Over the past century, the history of Romanian literature has been dominated by nationalist approaches, necessary for the consolidation of a stable cultural identity. However, the concept of cultural identity involves changing and migratory components as well, many related to its links with other cultural identities, each of them with its own literature. This book review provides insights into the scholarly significance of Dicționarul romanului central-european din secolul XX [The Dictionary of Central European Novel in the 20th Century] coordinated by Adriana Babeți and edited by Oana Fotache, understood as a project that maps a transnational literary phenomenon. The study is examined for its uniqueness, specific linguistic diversity and multicultural scope: 250 entries about works initially published in one of the fourteen languages spoken in the region, including French and English as international languages, either part of the canon or more marginal and less known. Other reasons include its adequate combination of analysis and synthesis; the extensive team research carried out over three decades; and its socio-political relevance nowadays. The review highlights the historical, cultural, and academic contexts in which the dictionary was published, the avatars of the concept of Central Europe, several characteristics of the Central-European novel, and details about its structure, sections and features. The presentation mentions a few limitations about the availability of the titles in the languages of the region and the admitted gender imbalance and indicates several research audiences possibly interested in alternative ways of approaching novels in the context of globalization.

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8

Phan, Hung Manh. "Novel in Southern Vietnam at the beginning of 20th century: Types and publicity forms." Science and Technology Development Journal 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v16i2.1463.

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The paper presented the types, the publicity forms of novels in southern Vietnam at the beginning of the 20th Century. The study emphasized on the typical characteristics of novels for the masses and its interactive relationship with publicity forms, readers and writers’ selection. The paper also affirms that the forms and contents of novels in the South are conceptive selection of southern novel writers during the early 20th Century.

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9

Morozova, Nataliia, and Andrii Savenko. "TRANSLATION CHALLENGES OF NIKOS KAZANTZAKIS' "AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL" NOVEL." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 31 (2022): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2022.31.23.

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10

Novikova, V. G. "Britain Social Novel at the End of the 20th Century." Rossiiskii Gumanitarnyi Zhurnal 4, no. 1 (2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15643/libartrus-2015.1.3.

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11

Lobin, Aleksandr M. "The Poetry of the Russian Novel." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Philology. Journalism 20, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2020-20-4-483-485.

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The monograph under review explores the poetics of the Russian novel of the first half of the 20th century. The author focuses on the titular sphere of the works and their inner organization, as well as the rhythm of the composition.

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12

Kryvorouchko, Svitlana, Larysa Rychkova, and Olena Karpenko. "TRENDS LITERATURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY: «WORKING NOVEL», MINIMALISM, «NEW WAVE»." Fìlologìčnì traktati 13, no. 1 (2021): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/ftrk.2021.13(1)-4.

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In Ukrainian literary studies, the idea was formed that «Western» literaturethe second half of the 20th century inherent aesthetics of postmodernism. However, the question arises: is this process homogeneous? Branching aesthetics of literary works 2 half of the 20th century is a scientific problem that needs to be understood. This is important because it requires a theoretical basis for the study of individual personalities / writers whose individual style have common points of intersection with general world artistic landmarks. The purpose of the article is to try to form a «system» of directions and currents of the the second half of the 20th century. This is the first approximation to a scientific problem. We used comparative-historical and typological methods, a systematic approach to achieve the purpose. In the postmodern era – the second half of the 20th century, the feeling of unconscious fear of the individual before the development of scientific technologies, before the nuclear threat is reflected. The trends of the «working novel», the current of «neorealism», the current of «new wave», the group of «minimalism» were formed in the literature of the the second half of the 20th century, they are not included in the discourse of postmodernism and post-avant-garde, because in these works there is a realistic chronotope. Here a new type of hero is formed and the moral and ethical problems of the «average» ordinary person, which does not succeed, are raised. The consciousness of the characters disintegrates, they are unable to comprehend either their ideas or the statements of others. They have no strength and energy at all. Boredom sometimes pushes them to action, which reflects the trends of the time. Intellectuals are presented as psychologically dead people who are incapable of anything, empty, doomed. The individualism of the hero raises the problem of isolation and disunity of people in a narrow domestic and broad historical context. The social problems of the «workers' novel», the «new wave», minimalism and neorealism contributed to the introduction and use of the border 20th-21th centuries by writers the realistic chronotope in the trend of «critical fiction»

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13

Vasiljeva, Elina, and Karolīna Hrapāne. "Jewish Text in Howard Fast’s Novel “Torquemada”." Respectus Philologicus, no. 45(50) (April 10, 2024): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2024.45(50).7.

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The present study aims to identify the specifics of the Jewish text in Howard Fast’s iconic novel Torquemada. The study is based on the semiotic definition of the text. The Jewish theme in the oeuvre of Fast, a writer of Jewish origin, occupies a significant place. The specific construction of the Jewish theme allows one to highlight the boundaries of a certain Jewish text in the author’s work, which was clearly formed during the period of ideological and national quest. The novel Torquemada occupies a special place in the Jewish text of Fast. The Jewish text of the novel Torquemada is represented by a multi-level model. At the anthological level, the Jewish text of the novel can be correlated with the ideological quests of the author, Howard Fast. However, at the same time, it is an allegoric narrative about the fate of the Jews of the 20th century and the tragedy of the Holocaust. The events of the 15th century are the allegory of the events of the 20th century, and the times of the Spanish Inquisition are associated with the tragedy of the Jews of Europe.

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14

Duiyessinova, Dilya, Anvara Sadykova, Lyazzat Aripbayeva, Toizhan Yeginbayeva, and Yulduz Saparova. "Modern trends in poetics at the dawn of the 21st century – modification of the Romanesque form." XLinguae 15, no. 4 (October 2022): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.04.10.

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The research examines, theoretically and historically and literarily, the modern French novel of the late 20th and early 21st centuries as the “main genre” of fiction; characteristics of the functioning of novelistic genres in a period of transition; new forms of novelistic thought, new artistic strategies and aesthetic experiences of the French novel. In the French literature of the last decades, the interest in the specificities of the new novelistic form has increased. There were essays, monographs, and articles on the modern novel, but there are no systemic and holistic studies that detail the functioning of the novel form in contemporary times. In domestic literature, the French novel of the early 20th century, 50-80s, has been studied quite deeply, but the literature of the late 20th and early 21st centuries has still been analyzed too little.

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15

Tratsiak, Zoya. "Да праблемы спецыфiкi аўтарэфлексii ў беларускай ваеннай прозе ХХ стагоддзя." Białorutenistyka Białostocka 13 (2021): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/bb.2021.13.14.

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The article is devoted to some self-reflection examples in the 20th century Belarusian military prose. The role of Lev Tolstoy’s ouvre in the formation of the artistic method of Belarusian writers who embodied the events of the First and the Second World Wars has been considered. The ways how to awake the interest to Belarusian literature devoted to 1914–1918 thanks to the national historical prose of the second half of the 20th century are determined (for example, the novel ‘Refugees’ by V. Karamazau). The references to foreign military prose (books by E.M. Remarque or E. Junger) present in the books of Belarusian writers of the second half of the 20th century have been discussed.

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16

Al-Lehaibi, Majed. "Conflict: A Cultural Theme in the Early 20th Century American Novel." IAFOR Journal of Literature & Librarianship 9, no. 1 (July 25, 2020): 144–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijl.9.1.08.

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17

Shymchyshyn, Mariya. "THE JANISSARIES OF THE 20TH CENTURY: MOHSIN HAMID’S NOVEL RELUCTANT FUNDAMENTALIST." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 14 (2019): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2019.147.

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18

Rymar, Nikolaj T. "PERSPECTIVISM IN ART AND THE NOVEL OF THE 20TH CENTURY: DEFABULIZATION." Culture and Text, no. 51 (2022): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2305-4077-2022-4-6-21.

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Perspectivism is considered in the article following on from the problem of the productivity of aesthetic activity, seeking ways and forms for solving new creative tasks of the artist. The perspectivism of the 20th century is manifested in the creation of new forms of vision and understanding of reality: the main poetological principle of constructing a novel is not the time of the plot story, but the space of consciousness of the hero or the author.

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19

Coroiu, Petruta Maria. "Innovative Aspects of the Modern Concerto (extravagant compositional models of the 20^th century)." Artes. Journal of Musicology 25, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajm-2022-0009.

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Abstract The instrumental concerto remains one of the most appreciated genres – both by the general public and by virtuoso interpreters – all throughout its existence, including the 20th century. The century of acute modernity saw a re-evaluation of all the musical forms and genres, resulting in novel challenges, solved in unexpected ways by the great composers of the time. This paper aims to provide a summary of the evolution of the concerto in the music of the 20th century, highlighting certain elements of originality, extravagant compositions which go beyond the principles of musical creation.

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20

Bulatov, M. R., and L. F. Khabibullina. "OTHERNESS IN IRVINE WELSH’S NOVEL “TRAINSPOTTING”." Philology at MGIMO 20, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-4-20-93-100.

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Irvine Welsh, being one of the most prominent writers belonging to the postmodernist movement of the end of the 20th century, still retains his popularity in youth culture. Due to deep social insight of his works, they are being studied not only by literary scholars, but also by socio-humanitarian researchers. In this article the study of his work is mainly based on literary analysis, but also includes concepts of philosophy, cultural and social studies. Otherness, primarily a socio-philosophical concept, in “Trainspotting” reveals its new shades, which require a multidisciplinary research approach. In our analysis we consider the historical situation in Britain at the end of 20th century closely connected with the elimination and deconstruction of traditional class, ethnical and gender identities. For the Scottish society of that time identity and otherness issues become highly relevant: along with the reforms of economic and social policies, individualistic mindset is being shaped and the freedom of self-identification is enhanced. Irvine Welsh’s main creative intention is to reflect on these processes. The analysis of the image system of the novel reveals the most important aspects of otherness illustrated in “Trainspotting”: ethnical, gender and existential.

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21

Jeican, Ionut I., and Doina C. M. Cozman. "Depression and suicide in women characters of the early 20th century." Romanian Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjpp.2016.2.1.

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Literature is the art of words that describe life. In the case of human life, suffering plays a special role, and literature scrutinized man's suffering and described it in its various forms. This article presents three cases – literary characters whose psychopathology we interpreted on the basis of the literary text: Tincuta – from the novel “Tanase Scatiu” by Duiliu Zamfirescu, Ana – from the novel “Ion” by Liviu Rebreanu and Margareta – from the theater play “Gaitele” [Jays] by Alexander Kiritescu.

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22

Hussain, Zeeshan, Amjad Hussain, Muhammad Mohsin Rashid, Usman Yousaf, and Aman Ullah. "A MULTIDIMENSIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURY DRAMA AND NOVEL." Inception - Journal of Languages and Literature 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 68–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/ijll.v1i1.24.

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This corpus based research provides insight how the text of same genre differentiates from each other and how intra genres variations take place. This study highlights the functional variations exist in two different genres of literature (drama and novel) of 19th and 20th centuries on the basis of analysis conducted on the texts of both genres by using software MAT. The texts of both of the genres are analysed on different five dimensions given by Biber and some major and minor variations are observed that both the texts differ at different dimensions. The intra genre and inter genre comparisons have been done which gives some interesting findings and results. This study further highlights the specific features of both of the genres which are the hallmark of these two very genres (novel and drama) of 19th and 20th centuries. This present research is concluded on very interesting findings which may pave the ways for further research in this arena.

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Zeeshan Hussain, Amjad Hussain, Muhammad Mohsin Rashid, Usman Yousaf, and Aman Ullah. "A MULTIDIMENSIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURY DRAMA AND NOVEL." Inception - Journal of Languages and Literature 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/ijll.v1i1.16.

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This corpus based research provides insight how the text of same genre differentiates from each other and how intra genres variations take place. This study highlights the functional variations exist in two different genres of literature (drama and novel) of 19th and 20th centuries on the basis of analysis conducted on the texts of both genres by using software MAT. The texts of both of the genres are analysed on different five dimensions given by Biber and some major and minor variations are observed that both the texts differ at different dimensions. The intra genre and inter genre comparisons have been done which gives some interesting findings and results. This study further highlights the specific features of both of the genres which are the hallmark of these two very genres (novel and drama) of 19th and 20th centuries. This present research is concluded on very interesting findings which may pave the ways for further research in this arena.

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24

Sirković, Nina. "CHARACTERS IN BILDUNGSROMAN: FROM PARADIGM TO PARODY (Junaci Bildungsromana: od paradigme do parodije)." Folia linguistica et litteraria X, no. 28 (December 26, 2019): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.28.2019.5.

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The paper discusses the Bildungsroman as a subgenre of the novel regarding main characters of two German Bildungsromans, Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister from the novel Wilhelm Meister’ Apprenticeship and Thomas Mann’s Hans Castorp from the novel The Magic Mountain. First are considered theoretical assumptions of the Bildungsroman in general and then its position in 20th century when modern writers abandon notion of the hero as a fuly developed, stable and coherent character and give space to reflections, recollections and stream of consciousness. The central part of the paper deals with analyses of main characters of two Bildungsromans, Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister, the main character of the novel which is considered as a paradigm of the subgenre, and Mann’s Hans Castorp, as a parodied character from the Bildungsroman of 20th century. Key words: Bildungsroman, Goethe, Wilhelm Meister’s Aprenticeship, Thomas Mann, The Magic Mountain, parody.

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Furuseth, Sissel. "Facing the Black Death: Sigrid Undset’s Kristin Lavransdatter in Times of Pandemics." Interlitteraria 27, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2022.27.1.6.

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At the end of Sigrid Undset’s medieval trilogy Kristin Lavransdatter (1920–1922), the heroine encounters the bubonic plague that so violently hit Europe in the mid-fourteenth century. The aim of this paper is to explore the connections between the 20th century novel and the European tradition of plague literature from the broader perspective of environmental history. Furthermore, it discusses the historical novel’s effect as a distant mirror for 20th and 21st century readers. An underlying argument is that the ethical imperative in Kristin Lavransdatter is affecting the way the protagonist encounters the plague, which may explain what distinguishes Undset from many of her contemporaries.

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Nikolenko, O. N. "INTERTEXTUALITY IN THE 20TH CENTURY NOVEL (BASED ON THE NOVEL “DOCTOR ZHIVAGO” BY B. PASTERNAK)." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Philology. Social Communications, no. 3 (2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6069/2020.3-3/09.

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27

Moiseev, Petr A. "Russian Detective Studies in the First Half of the 20th Century." Studia Litterarum 7, no. 1 (2022): 40–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2022-7-1-40-69.

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The article examines the works of Russian literary critics of the first half of the 20th century, such as K. Chukovsky, V. Bryusov, V. Shklovsky, E. Lann, N. Berkovsky, E. Vinaver, S. Eisenstein. The author considers Shklovsky’s article “The Novella of Mysteries,” notes its advantages and disadvantages (in particular, indicates the absence of definition of mystery, which is the central concept in the article, as well as Shklovsky’s mixing of the genres of detective story, Gothic novel, sensational novel, etc.). The author indicates advantages of Berkovsky’s note “About the Soviet detective fiction,” in which the example of the novel by A. Tolstoy “Hyperboloid of the engineer Garin” indicates what what is not typical for detective story. The author demonstrates how Eisenstein created a comprehensive and elaborate theory of the detective genre; in particular the understanding of the famous director of the genre specifics (almost complete impossibility of connection between detective genre and “serious” content) and his reference to the detective story as an example of the need for the artist to “always know the station to which you hold the way.” The article is the first detailed analysis of the works of Russian researchers of detective fiction.

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Kovalchuk, Yu A. "KOREAN «ARTIST’S NOVEL» OF THE 20TH – THE BEGINNING OF THE 21TH CENTURY." Тrаnscarpathian Philological Studies 3, no. 13 (2020): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/tps2663-4880/2020.13-3.35.

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Kavaliauskienė, Aušra Žemyna. "Ethnographic Character of the Novel “Vilius Karalius” by Ieva Simonaitytė in the Context of Lithuanian Wedding Customs and Rituals of the 19th – the First Half of the 20th Century." Tautosakos darbai 57 (June 1, 2019): 100–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2019.28429.

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The aim of the article is introducing a new approach to the Lithuanian classical novel – “Vilius Karalius” by Ieva Simonaitytė, and appreciating it as an ethnographic source supplying data regarding the wedding customs practiced in the Lithuania Minor in the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century. The author compares the literary text and the historical ethnographic facts, also paying attention to the dialect peculiarities. More attention is payed to those segments of the wedding that are more or less explicitly depicted in the novel by Simonaitytė (the matchmaking, the bride’s dowry, leaving for the church, gifts, gaubtuvės, etc.). It appears that although the Lithuanian wedding as a whole is not described in “Vilius Karalius”, the relatively numerous fragments of the wedding customs and rituals, as well as other ethnographic details substantially enrich our knowledge of the wedding practices in the 19th – the first half of the 20th century, also revealing the change of the tradition. Research works by Angelė Vyšniauskaitė serve as the ethnological background for the article, since this researcher has studied the Lithuanian wedding customs very actively and in most detail.Ieva Simonaitytė has recorded in her novel some wedding customs and rituals from the Lithuania Minor that are particularly deeply rooted in tradition and vividly reflect the regional peculiarities: i.e., the adorning and “guarding” of the bride’s corner, the ceremonial covering of the bride (gaubtuvės), the gift giving / ransom, etc. Obviously, some unique aspects of making the dowry came into being in the 20th century Klaipėda Region, possibly determined by intense adoption by the inhabitants of the shop-bought clothes instead of the homemade textiles. The woven trousseau survives as a distinctive mark of the wealthy bride upholding the Lithuanian traditions. The professional matchmaking is explicitly described in the novel as well. In the 19th century and in the beginning of the 20th century in the Lithuania Minor, searching for a suitable bride or groom was primarily the women’s business. Spread of pietism and increasing modernization of the society resulted in the negative attitude being increasingly directed at the traditional wedding songs, dances and superstitions of the Lithuania Minor.

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Aird, Steven D. "Introduction to the Toxins Special Issue on Identification and Functional Characterization of Novel Venom Components." Toxins 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2020): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050336.

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Throughout most of the 20th century, the toxinological literature consisted largely of pharmacological and functional characterizations of crude venoms and venom constituents, often constituents that could not be identified unambiguously [...]

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Mîrț, Andreea. "The Representation of the Tatars in the Polish and Romanian Historical Novel: A Case Study on Mihail Sadoveanu and Henryk Sienkiewicz." Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 9, no. 1 (July 20, 2023): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2023.15.09.

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The article proposes an analysis of the representations of the Tatars in two historical novels published in Poland and Romania, respectively, from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. First of all, the article discusses the h

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Actis, Giovanni Clemente, Rinaldo Pellicano, Sharmila Fagoonee, and Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone. "History of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 1970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111970.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and unknown etiology. In this review, we identified three main eras in the IBD history. Between the 19th and the 20th century, the primary task had been the definition of the diagnostic criteria in order to differentiate the new entity from intestinal tuberculosis. In the 20th century, an intense and prolific therapeutic research prevailed, culminating in the introduction of biological drugs in the clinical setting. Since the beginning of the 21st century, traditional definition criteria have been challenged by holistic criteria in an effort to seek a still unattained cure. Centuries of worldwide efforts on IBD etiology and therapy search have culminated in this novel strategy.

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Terentowicz-Fotyga, Urszula. "Zagubione w Austen: Duma i uprzedzenie w postmodernistycznej odsłonie – między parodią a nostalgią." Przegląd Humanistyczny 63, no. 2 (465) (October 25, 2019): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5520.

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The article analyses an ITV series Lost in Austen (2008), directed by Dan Zeff, as an example of postmodern play with Pride and Prejudice. Moving the contemporary heroine to the imaginary, textual sphere, the movie compares the reality of the 19th and the 21st century, emphasizing the visibly different positions of women. It not only “rewrites” the course of events, but also makes the tensions (which were previously silenced by the romance convention) more dynamic. Oscillating between the parody and nostalgia, Lost in Austen both continues and enriches Pride and Prejudice. Playful engagement with the original novel is the principal theme and motif of the series, but also the subject of its parodistic criticism. Lost in Austen engages both with the novel and with its 20th century reception. Moreover, by creative reinterpretation of the writer’s text, it shows the changing paradigms of the 20th century criticism and the cultural and literary theory. Highlighting the aspects of the novel important for the contemporary era, it initiates an interesting dialogue with the rich intertextual tapestry that contemporary popular culture weaved around Jane Austen.

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M.D., Bekbergenova. "TYPOLOGICAL ISSUES OF THE RESEARCH OF KАRAKALPАK PROSE OF THE XX CENTURY." DULATY UNIVERSITY BULLETIN 2, no. 10 (June 20, 2023): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.55956/eend6360.

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This article discusses the issues of studying Karakalpak prose of the 20th century. The issues of the typology of Karakalpak novel are studied. The problems of creative skills in creating artistic images are analyzed.

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Maliyar, Khalad, Patrick Fleming, Boluwaji Ogunyemi, and Charles Lynde. "A Brief History of Psoriasis Management in Canada." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 24, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475420903682.

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Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease with a varying degree of clinical presentations. Managing psoriasis has always been arduous due to its chronicity and its propensity to relapse. Prior to the development of targeted biologic therapies, there were few effective treatments for psoriasis. Ancient psoriasis therapies included pinetar, plant extracts, psychotherapy, arsenic, and ammoniated mercury. In the 19th century, chrysarobin was developed. Then, in the early half of the 20th century, anthralin and coal tar were in widespread use. In the latter half of the 20th century, treatments were limited to topical first-line therapies, systemic drugs, and phototherapy. However, as the treatment of psoriasis has undergone a revolutionary change with the development of novel biologic therapies, patients with moderate to severe psoriasis have been able to avail therapies with high efficacy and durability along with an acceptable safety profile. This article is a brief historical review of the management of psoriasis prior to the inception of biologics and with the development of novel biologic therapies.

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SUDLIANKOVA, Volha. "TRAUMATIZED CONSCIOUSNESS IN LYUDMILA RUBLEWSKAYA`S NOVEL THE DAGUERROTYPE." Astraea 2, no. 2 (2021): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/astraea.2021.2.2.06.

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With the tragic events of the 20th century investigation of trauma as a psychic phenomenon has acquired paramount importance. It isan interdisciplinary subject involving doctors, psychologists, philosophers, writers. The Lost Generation authors and modernists were the first to address the problem of emotional shocks experienced by their heroes during WWI. Since then trauma, its causes and consequences have been one of the essential thematic components of world literature and, consequently, trauma studies have become an object of scholarly interest in the last decades of the 20th century in various humanitarian spheres. The present article addresses the way the contemporary Belarusian writer Lyudmila Rublewaskaya represents traumatized consciousness in her novel “The Daguerrotype” (2014). The novel draws its title from an old daguerreotype described in it. It was found by two contemporary young people together with a diary recounting the events of the late 19thcentury. The novel consists of two parts called “The Book of the Inner Circle” and “The Book of the Outer Circle” which are set in two interrelated time planes –the late 19th century and our time respectively. Through the intricately interwoven life stories of five personages the writer looks into various kinds of trauma, exposes their reasons, traces their consequences and describes her heroes’ ways of overcoming the mental distress. The traumatic experience of the characters was either due to the socio-political atmosphere in Russia in the late 19th century, or to a combination of a tragic accident, superstition and manipulation, or to a clash of rough force and nobleness. The significance of unveiling a person’s secret through narration for overcoming the traumatic psychic aftermath is illustrated in the novel, too.

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Saprykina, Elena Yu. "Humanized Artificial Body in the 20th Century Italian Literature." Studia Litterarum 5, no. 3 (2020): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2020-5-3-186-199.

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In various epochs, science fiction writers shared an interest in problems related to the humanization of an artificial body and the process of human interaction with a man’s own creation. In the 20th century Italian literature, in particular, this theme emerged already at the dawn of the century (e.g. а futuristic novel by F.T. Marinetti) and was present up until the beginning of the current “age of artificial intelligence.” Fantastic plots of several short stories and novellas by D. Buzzati and T. Landolfi, written in the 1950s and 60s, depicted ambivalent perception of the technogenic civilization and its novelties by the modern cultural consciousness. On the one hand, these works reflected the turning of the machine into an indispensable attribute of the social status of the modern human, the guarant of her private life success and mental health. On the other hand, in science fiction, there is a clear tendency to dramatize the problems and difficulties that the technological age set for a human — in particular, the problem of preserving the privilege of the human consciousness over the increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence of the machine.

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Kuligina, Ekaterina Alekseevna. "Remythologization in the 20th and the 21st century and its role in understanding the nature of modern myth (based on news texts in the English-language media)." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, no. 12 (December 22, 2023): 4337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230658.

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The paper studies the processes of remythologization in the 20th and the 21st century and their influence on the nature of modern myth as a cultural and linguistic phenomenon. The aim is to identify the features of the remythologization processes in the 20th and the 21st century, within which the transformation of the phenomenon of modern myth took place and is taking place. Remythologization affects the mythologization of public consciousness, the understanding of the phenomenon of myth, as well as the perception of the surrounding reality verbalized in the media through myths. The research is novel in that it is the first to consider the trends of the remythologization process during the specified periods in diachronic terms, to describe the influence of these processes on the functioning of myth in modern society and culture and to identify the distinctive features of remythologization in the 20th and the 21st century. The research findings indicate that modern myth, born of remythologization in the 20th century, is being reborn today and is undergoing rethinking regarding the modern process of remythologization, which confirms the emergence of new reinterpreted meanings of “old” myths. The paper provides the examples of mythologemes contained in the media that demonstrate the variable content of myth reinterpreted in the 21st century and performing the function of an interpreter of events for modern people. The work is based on English-language media texts.

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S, Stalin. "Anthropomorphism in Paambugal Novel." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-3 (May 27, 2022): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s32.

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Literature is the form which is formed or created on the theme of own life experiences and social experiences from time to time. They move the events from one period to the next and the literature travels along with them. The Historical events are one among them. The short novel "PAAMBUGAL" was written based on the event that took place in the 20th century. Techniques of storytelling is studied in terms of story analytic methods and historical methods. It is found that anthropomorphism of Tamil literature differs from that of Western theory. It is inferred that, though anthropomorphism technique is used but not fulfilled in the text.

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Hargreaves, Tracy. "The Power of the Ordinary Subversive in Jackie Kay's Trumpet." Feminist Review 74, no. 1 (July 2003): 2–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.fr.9400068.

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In Jackie Kay's award-winning novel, Trumpet (1998), the main character Joss Moody, a celebrated jazz trumpet player, is discovered upon his death to be anatomically female. The essay traces both postmodern and humanist affirmations of constructions of self-hood. Situating Virginia Woolf's version of a metaphysical and escapist androgyny as one kind of aesthetic against the material politics of the transgendered subject, the essay argues that Kay's novel can be seen as part of a 20th century tradition of literature and film which satirizes, parodies and painfully exposes the discontinuities of dominant sex–gender systems. The essay ends by arguing that Kay also develops these systems by imbricating sex and gender within a series of dislocated familial, sexual and racial identities, beginning with the arrival of Joss's African father in Scotland at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Piel, Maryann. "Celebrity and the Cultural Nation.Thomas Mann’s Lotte in Weimar." Literatur für Leser 43, no. 3 (January 1, 2023): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/lfl.2020.03.05.

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Abstract Mann’s 1939 Goethe novel, Lotte in Weimar, is a valuable text through which to understand the role of celebrity in the literary and political landscape of the early 20th century. I explore the ways in which an engagement with the field of Celebrity Studies makes possible a reading of Mann’s Goethe as a palimpsest of the historical celebrity author, Mann, a 20th century celebrity author, and Hitler, Germany’s most famous politician in the media age. Mann’s own experiences in the spotlight, especially those gathered in his exile years, inform the social and familial relationships at the center of the novel. Furthermore, Mann takes an ironic stance towards the “Goethe Mythos,” thereby undermining the validity of the cult of genius and inviting a reading that recognizes its shared features with the cult of modern celebrity that made possible Hitler’s rise to power.

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Avramenko, Ivan A. "English 20th-Century First-Person Memory Novel and Henri Bergson’s Theory of Memory." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 21, no. 4 (193) (2019): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2019.21.4.070.

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Inotovna, Kaxxarova Aziza. "THE NOVEL IN THE WORK OF RUSSIAN WRITERS OF THE LATE 20TH CENTURY." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-11-45.

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The beginning of the 20th Century marked an era of unprecedented and radical changes in social structures, economic systems, and political organizations among other spheres of life. Various literary schools of thought developed and each had a distinct artistic approach and ideological aspects. The Russian literature developed as a major way to learn about the Russian culture and worldview coupled with ways of loving, fighting, and expression. This period ranks as the Silver Age of the Russian literature and it served the urgent mission to provide the Russian citizens with a kind of truth, which could only be conveyed through literature in a censored society.

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Wang, Jin, and Xiaoyu Xie. "Traumatic Narrative in Virginia Woolf’s Novel Mrs. Dalloway." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n1p18.

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Virginia Woolf was one of the greatest literary artists in the 20th century, pioneering the contemporary English literature with the stream-of-consciousness technique. Mrs. Dalloway is her representative work that centers on the internal description of the characters while presenting social conditions of the postwar Britain. This paper examines traumatic narratives of the two protagonists, Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith, and explores implications of the war as the primordial cause of the spiritual crisis.

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Luo, Mingxi. "A Preliminary Study of the Intellectual Image in Bulgakov's Works - Exemplified by Heart of a Dog." Communications in Humanities Research 25, no. 1 (January 3, 2024): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/25/20231997.

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Mikhail Bulgakov is one of the renowned Soviet writers of the 20th century, whose works are noted for their imaginative and highly satirical nature. The intellectual image serves as one of the main character categories in the authors works. Bulgakov casts on these characters the ideology and social atmosphere of Soviet society in the early 20th century. Heart of a Dog is a milestone in Bulgakov's novel writing. The purpose of this essay is to take Professor Preobrazhensky as an example, to analyze the common points of the author's image of intellectuals who are extravagant, conservative, and obstinate, and to further analyze the tragic destiny of these intellectuals from the aspects of scientific ethics and personal worship.

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Dudik, Benedek. "Utópia és társadalomtudomány – Értelmezés a Fahrenheit 451 című könyv nyomán." Metszetek 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18392/metsz/2022/4/5.

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Utopian and dystopian works have traditions hundreds of years, but their golden era did not begin until the 20th century. The genre is very often depicted as a literary genre, but in reality it is much more than simple fiction. These novels are as much social science and social theory writings as they are works of phantasmagoria. In my writing, I strive to explain this line of thought based on Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451. In the course of my work, following the fictional story of Guy Montag, I intend to present the peculiarities of the genre, its social science relations and its relationship with our contemporary society, in parallel with other dystopian works of the 20th century.

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Il'chenko, Sergey Nikolaevich, and Sergey Nikolayevich Ilchenko. ""War and Peace" and the 20th Century. The Russian Classic Novel's Screen Fate." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2010): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik2260-68.

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The article deals with the history Leo Tolstoy's epic's screen adaptations in the context of the 20th century cultural tendencies. Special emphasis is laid on the esthetic potential of television in terms of showing all the plot lines and the philosophy of the novel «War and Piece».

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Viú Adagio, Julieta. "Echoes of the artist novels in Black out by María Moreno." Anclajes 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/anclajes-2021-2514.

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Going beyond an autobiographical reading of María Moreno’s Black out (2016), this article analyzes its intertextualities with late 19th century modernist novels. Moreno’s novel, set in the late 20th century, reveals thematic and formal resonances with narratives that novelized the life and times of the artist. This reading of Black out as an artist novel is based on the relationship it establishes with the modernist archive (constant similarities and also important differences), such as the newspaper form, the defense of a particular aesthetics, and the definitions and positions toward literary labor.

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Bislimi, Liridonë. "War, Sin and Justice in the Novel “The Quiet American”." Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 2, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2020.2.4.2.

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This research paper focuses on one of the literature works of 20th century. A work of one of the most famous English novelists, Graham Greene, “The Quiet American’’. In this novel, the writer mirrored the war in Vietnam. The key features of this novel are touching and frightening, seen only from the narrator’s point of view during the Vietnam War. The major characters are tangled in a love triangle that leads to death and sorrow.

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Pauliukevičiūtė, Dalia. "Pursuing the Past: Hunting in Józef Weyssenhoff’s The Sable and the Girl." Literatūra 64, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/litera.2022.64.1.3.

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The article investigates Józef Weyssenhoff’s novel The Sable and the Girl (Polish: Soból i panna) published in 1911. The name of its author is rarely mentioned when discussing the Polish literature of the late 19th and early 20th century. Most literary critics agree, however, that the signature feature in Weyssenhoff’s works is his poetic descriptions of nature and hunting, especially in aforementioned work. The article analyses the interplay of Lithuanian and Polish cultures in this text as well as its Lithuanian literary geography. The question is raised as to what cultural and literary meanings might have been concentrated in the novel at the turn of the 20th century, and what Polish-Lithuanian cultural connections were revealed due to it. The article introduction offers a brief overview of the changes in depicting hunting in Western literature and cultural tradition, and considers to what extent those insights are still valid when analysing the works of various authors attributed to and impacted by the legacy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article further traces the competing plots of love and hunting in Weyssenhoff’s novel, and the writer’s ambition to employ the symbol of the lost world – hunting. A combination of extratextual references, internal textual relations, and detectable intertexts has been employed to interpret the novel; therefore, when delving into the development of the narrative, none of the theories (e.g., intertextuality) is clearly dominant. When discussing The Sable and the Girl in the Lithuanian cultural field, the historical contexts of the early 20th century Russian Empire, the intertexts of Polish literary tradition as well as the concept of hunting and a colonial look at the sociocultural environment where the narrative is developed remain of similar significance.

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