Relevant bibliographies by topics / Novel gut-microbiome

Academic literature on the topic 'Novel gut-microbiome'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Novel gut-microbiome.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Novel gut-microbiome"

1

Asnicar, Francesco, Emily R. Leeming, Eirini Dimidi, Mohsen Mazidi, Paul W. Franks, Haya Al Khatib, Ana M. Valdes, et al. "Blue poo: impact of gut transit time on the gut microbiome using a novel marker." Gut 70, no. 9 (March 15, 2021): 1665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323877.

Full text
Abstract:
Background and aimsGut transit time is a key modulator of host–microbiome interactions, yet this is often overlooked, partly because reliable methods are typically expensive or burdensome. The aim of this single-arm, single-blinded intervention study is to assess (1) the relationship between gut transit time and the human gut microbiome, and (2) the utility of the ‘blue dye’ method as an inexpensive and scalable technique to measure transit time.MethodsWe assessed interactions between the taxonomic and functional potential profiles of the gut microbiome (profiled via shotgun metagenomic sequencing), gut transit time (measured via the blue dye method), cardiometabolic health and diet in 863 healthy individuals from the PREDICT 1 study.ResultsWe found that gut microbiome taxonomic composition can accurately discriminate between gut transit time classes (0.82 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) and longer gut transit time is linked with specific microbial species such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides spp and Alistipes spp (false discovery rate-adjusted p values <0.01). The blue dye measure of gut transit time had the strongest association with the gut microbiome over typical transit time proxies such as stool consistency and frequency.ConclusionsGut transit time, measured via the blue dye method, is a more informative marker of gut microbiome function than traditional measures of stool consistency and frequency. The blue dye method can be applied in large-scale epidemiological studies to advance diet-microbiome-health research. Clinical trial registry website https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866 and trial number NCT03479866.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Cheng, Chak Kwong, and Yu Huang. "The gut-cardiovascular connection: new era for cardiovascular therapy." Medical Review 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mr-2021-0002.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Our gut microbiome is constituted by trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and eukaryotic microbes. Nowadays, gut microbiome has been gradually recognized as a new organ system that systemically and biochemically interact with the host. Accumulating evidence suggests that the imbalanced gut microbiome contributes to the dysregulation of immune system and the disruption of cardiovascular homeostasis. Specific microbiome profiles and altered intestinal permeability are often observed in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Gut-derived metabolites, toxins, peptides and immune cell-derived cytokines play pivotal roles in the induction of inflammation and the pathogenesis of dysfunction of heart and vasculature. Impaired crosstalk between gut microbiome and multiple organ systems, such as gut-vascular, heart-gut, gut-liver and brain-gut axes, are associated with higher cardiovascular risks. Medications and strategies that restore healthy gut microbiome might therefore represent novel therapeutic options to lower the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Yang, Letao, Lin Y. Hung, Yuefei Zhu, Suwan Ding, Kara G. Margolis, and Kam W. Leong. "Material Engineering in Gut Microbiome and Human Health." Research 2022 (July 21, 2022): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9804014.

Full text
Abstract:
Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade regarding our understanding of the gut microbiome’s role in human health. Currently, however, a comprehensive and focused review marrying the two distinct fields of gut microbiome and material research is lacking. To bridge the gap, the current paper discusses critical aspects of the rapidly emerging research topic of “material engineering in the gut microbiome and human health.” By engaging scientists with diverse backgrounds in biomaterials, gut-microbiome axis, neuroscience, synthetic biology, tissue engineering, and biosensing in a dialogue, our goal is to accelerate the development of research tools for gut microbiome research and the development of therapeutics that target the gut microbiome. For this purpose, state-of-the-art knowledge is presented here on biomaterial technologies that facilitate the study, analysis, and manipulation of the gut microbiome, including intestinal organoids, gut-on-chip models, hydrogels for spatial mapping of gut microbiome compositions, microbiome biosensors, and oral bacteria delivery systems. In addition, a discussion is provided regarding the microbiome-gut-brain axis and the critical roles that biomaterials can play to investigate and regulate the axis. Lastly, perspectives are provided regarding future directions on how to develop and use novel biomaterials in gut microbiome research, as well as essential regulatory rules in clinical translation. In this way, we hope to inspire research into future biomaterial technologies to advance gut microbiome research and gut microbiome-based theragnostics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Thye, Angel Yun-Kuan, Yi-Rou Bah, Jodi Woan-Fei Law, Loh Teng-Hern Tan, Ya-Wen He, Sunny-Hei Wong, Sivakumar Thurairajasingam, Kok-Gan Chan, Learn-Han Lee, and Vengadesh Letchumanan. "Gut–Skin Axis: Unravelling the Connection between the Gut Microbiome and Psoriasis." Biomedicines 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051037.

Full text
Abstract:
Evidence has shown that gut microbiome plays a role in modulating the development of diseases beyond the gastrointestinal tract, including skin disorders such as psoriasis. The gut–skin axis refers to the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and skin health. This is regulated through several mechanisms such as inflammatory mediators and the immune system. Dysregulation of microbiota has been seen in numerous inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, rosacea, and psoriasis. Understanding how gut microbiome are involved in regulating skin health may lead to development of novel therapies for these skin disorders through microbiome modulation, in particularly psoriasis. In this review, we will compare the microbiota between psoriasis patients and healthy control, explain the concept of gut–skin axis and the effects of gut dysbiosis on skin physiology. We will also review the current evidence on modulating gut microbiome using probiotics in psoriasis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Katsi, Vasiliki, Matthaios Didagelos, Stamatios Skevofilax, Iakovos Armenis, Athanasios Kartalis, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Haralambos Karvounis, and Dimitrios Tousoulis. "GUT Microbiome-GUT Dysbiosis-Arterial Hypertension: New Horizons." Current Hypertension Reviews 15, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573402114666180613080439.

Full text
Abstract:
Arterial hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies. The human microbiome refers to the community of microorganisms that live in or on the human body. They influence human physiology by interfering in several processes such as providing nutrients and vitamins in Phase I and Phase II drug metabolism. The human gut microbiota is represented mainly by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and to a lesser degree by Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, with each individual harbouring at least 160 such species. Gut microbiota contributes to blood pressure homeostasis and the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension through production, modification, and degradation of a variety of microbial-derived bioactive metabolites. Animal studies and to a lesser degree human research has unmasked relative mechanisms, mainly through the effect of certain microbiome metabolites and their receptors, outlining this relationship. Interventions to utilize these pathways, with probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics and fecal microbiome transplantation have shown promising results. Personalized microbiome-based disease prediction and treatment responsiveness seem futuristic. Undoubtedly, a long way of experimental and clinical research should be pursued to elucidate this novel, intriguing and very promising horizon.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Howard, Elizabeth J., Tony K. T. Lam, and Frank A. Duca. "The Gut Microbiome: Connecting Diet, Glucose Homeostasis, and Disease." Annual Review of Medicine 73, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-042220-012821.

Full text
Abstract:
Type 2 diabetes rates continue to rise unabated, underscoring the need to better understand the etiology and potential therapeutic options available for this disease. The gut microbiome plays a role in glucose homeostasis, and diabetes is associated with alterations in the gut microbiome. Given that consumption of a Western diet is associated with increased metabolic disease, and that a Western diet alters the gut microbiome, it is plausible that changes in the gut microbiota mediate the dysregulation in glucose homeostasis. In this review, we highlight a few of the most significant mechanisms by which the gut microbiome can influence glucose regulation, including changes in gut permeability, gut–brain signaling, and production of bacteria-derived metabolites like short-chain fatty acids and bile acids. A better understanding of these pathways could lead to the development of novel therapeutics to target the gut microbiome in order to restore glucose homeostasis in metabolic disease.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Patel, Jyoti. "The gut microbiome: a novel cardio-metabolic target?" Cardiovascular Research 115, no. 9 (June 23, 2019): e82-e84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvz151.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Singh, Vishal, Beng San Yeoh, and Matam Vijay-Kumar. "Gut microbiome as a novel cardiovascular therapeutic target." Current Opinion in Pharmacology 27 (April 2016): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2016.01.002.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kustrimovic, Natasa, Raffaella Bombelli, Denisa Baci, and Lorenzo Mortara. "Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Prevention and Treatment." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021511.

Full text
Abstract:
Growing evidence of the microbiome’s role in human health and disease has emerged since the creation of the Human Microbiome Project. Recent studies suggest that alterations in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) may play an essential role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa), which remains the second most frequent male malignancy worldwide. Current advances in biological technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, have enabled research on the gut, urinary, and intra-prostate microbiome signature and the correlation with local and systemic inflammation, host immunity response, and PCa progression. Several microbial species and their metabolites facilitate PCa insurgence through genotoxin-mediated mutagenesis or by driving tumor-promoting inflammation and dysfunctional immunosurveillance. However, the impact of the microbiome on PCa development, progression, and response to treatment is complex and needs to be fully understood. This review addresses the current knowledge on the host–microbe interaction and the risk of PCa, providing novel insights into the intraprostatic, gut, and urinary microbiome mechanisms leading to PCa carcinogenesis and treatment response. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of diet changes, gut microbiome, and emerging therapeutic approaches related to the microbiome and PCa. Further investigation on the prostate-related microbiome and large-scale clinical trials testing the efficacy of microbiota modulation approaches may improve patient outcomes while fulfilling the literature gap of microbial–immune–cancer-cell mechanistic interactions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

MEJÍA-GRANADOS, Diana Marcela, Benjamín VILLASANA-SALAZAR, Ana Carolina COAN, Liara RIZZI, Marcio Luiz Figueredo BALTHAZAR, Alexandre Barcia de GODOI, Amanda Morato do CANTO, et al. "Gut microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 80, no. 2 (February 2022): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0052.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Neuropsychiatric disorders are a significant cause of death and disability worldwide. The mechanisms underlying these disorders include a constellation of structural, infectious, immunological, metabolic, and genetic etiologies. Advances in next-generation sequencing techniques have demonstrated that the composition of the enteric microbiome is dynamic and plays a pivotal role in host homeostasis and several diseases. The enteric microbiome acts as a key mediator in neuronal signaling via metabolic, neuroimmune, and neuroendocrine pathways. Objective: In this review, we aim to present and discuss the most current knowledge regarding the putative influence of the gut microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: We examined some of the preclinical and clinical evidence and therapeutic strategies associated with the manipulation of the gut microbiome. Results: targeted taxa were described and grouped from major studies to each disease. Conclusions: Understanding the complexity of these ecological interactions and their association with susceptibility and progression of acute and chronic disorders could lead to novel diagnostic biomarkers based on molecular targets. Moreover, research on the microbiome can also improve some emerging treatment choices, such as fecal transplantation, personalized probiotics, and dietary interventions, which could be used to reduce the impact of specific neuropsychiatric disorders. We expect that this knowledge will help physicians caring for patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Novel gut-microbiome"

1

Joynson, R. E. "Analysis of the gut microbiome of the common black slug Arion ater : in search of novel lignocellulose degrading enzymes." Thesis, University of Salford, 2015. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/35250/.

Full text
Abstract:
Some eukaryotes are able to gain access to otherwise well-protected carbon sources in plant biomass by exploiting microorganisms in the environment, or harboured in their digestive system. One such organism is the European black slug, Arion ater, which takes advantage of a gut microbial consortium that can break down plant tissues, including the widely available, but difficult to digest, carbohydrate polymers in lignocellulose. This ability is considered to be one of the major factors that have enabled A. ater to become one of the most widespread plant pest species in Western Europe and North America. Here we have identified the A. ater gut environment as a target for metagenomic study through identification of cellulolytic activity of bacterial origin. Next generation sequencing technology was used to characterize the bacterial diversity and functional capability of the gut microbiome of this notorious agricultural pest. Over 6 Gbp of gut metagenomic community sequences were analysed to reveal populations of known lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, along with abundant well-characterized bacterial plant pathogens. This study also revealed a repertoire of more than 3,000 carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes), indicating a microbial consortium capable of degradation of all components of lignocellulose, including cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin. Together, these functions would allow A. ater to make extensive use of plant biomass as a source of nutrients. This thesis demonstrates the importance of studying microbial communities in understudied groups such as the gastropods, firstly with respect to understanding links between feeding and evolutionary success and, secondly, as sources of novel enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as CAZYmes that could be used in the production of biofuel.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Fitch, Megan. "The Effects of Air Pollution on the Intestinal Microbiota: A Novel Approach to Assess How Gut Microbe Interactions with the Environment Affect Human Health." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984173/.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis investigates how air pollution, both natural and anthropogenic, affects changes in the proximal small intestine and ileum microbiota profile, as well as intestinal barrier integrity, histological changes, and inflammation. APO-E KO mice on a high fat diet were randomly selected to be exposed by whole body inhalation to either wood smoke (WS) or mixed vehicular exhaust (MVE), with filtered air (FA) acting as the control. Intestinal integrity and histology were assessed by observing expression of well- known structural components tight junction proteins (TJPs), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), and gel-forming mucin (MUC2), as well known inflammatory related factors: TNF-α, IL-1β, and toll-like receptor (TLR)-4. Bacterial profiling was done using DNA analysis of microbiota within the ileum, utilizing 16S metagenomics sequencing (Illumina miSeq) technique. Overall results of this experiment suggest that air pollution, both anthropogenic and natural, cause a breach in the intestinal barrier with an increase in inflammatory factors and a decrease in beneficial bacteria. This evidence suggests the possibility of air pollution being a potential causative agent of intestinal disease as well as a possible contributing mechanism for induction of systemic inflammation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Novel gut-microbiome"

1

Nguyen, Thi Kim Cuc, Thu Thuy Pham, Thi Bich Mai Huynh, Thanh Hoang Tran, Michael Packianather, Chi Hieu Le, and Van Duy Nguyen. "Design and Development of a Novel Anticancer Peptide from Human Gut Microbiome by Using Recombinant Protein Engineering." In IFMBE Proceedings, 693–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5859-3_117.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Fairley, Andrea, Christopher J. Stewart, Aedín Cassidy, Jayne V. Woodside, and Claire T. McEvoy. "Diet Patterns, the Gut Microbiome, and Alzheimer’s Disease." In Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aiad220011.

Full text
Abstract:
Given the complex bidirectional communication system that exists between the gut microbiome and the brain, there is growing interest in the gut microbiome as a novel and potentially modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of AD by initiating and prolonging neuroinflammatory processes. The metabolites of gut microbiota appear to be critical in the mechanism of the gut-brain axis. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as trimethylamine-n-oxide, lipopolysaccharide, and short chain fatty acids, are suggested to mediate systemic inflammation and intracerebral amyloidosis via endothelial dysfunction. Emerging data suggest that the fungal microbiota (mycobiome) may also influence AD pathology. Importantly, 60% of variation in the gut microbiome is attributable to diet, therefore modulating the gut microbiome through dietary means could be an effective approach to reduce AD risk. Given that people do not eat isolated nutrients and instead consume a diverse range of foods and combinations of nutrients that are likely to be interactive, studying the effects of whole diets provides the opportunity to account for the interactions between different nutrients. Thus, dietary patterns may be more predictive of a real-life effect on gut microbiome and AD risk than foods or nutrients in isolation. Accumulating evidence from experimental and animal studies also show potential effects of gut microbiome on AD pathogenesis. However, data from human dietary interventions are lacking. Well-designed intervention studies are needed in diverse populations to determine the influence of diet on gut microbiome and inform the development of effective dietary strategies for prevention of AD.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Guo, Mingyan, Jun Peng, Xiaoyan Huang, Lingjun Xiao, Fenyan Huang, and Zhiyi Zuo. "Gut Microbiome Features of Chinese Patients Newly Diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease or Mild Cognitive Impairment." In Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aiad220030.

Full text
Abstract:
Background: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have gut microbiome alterations compared with healthy controls. However, previous studies often assess AD patients who have been on medications or other interventions for the disease. Also, simultaneous determination of gut microbiome in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD in a study is rare. Objective: To determine whether there was a gut microbiome alteration in patients newly diagnosed with AD or MCI and whether the degree of gut microbiome alteration was more severe in patients with AD than patients with MCI. Methods: Fecal samples of 18 patients with AD, 20 patients with MCI, and 18 age-matched healthy controls were collected in the morning for 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. No patient had medications or interventions for AD or MCI before the samples were collected. Results: Although there was no difference in the microbial α-diversity among the three groups, patients with AD or MCI had increased β-diversity compared with healthy controls. Patients with AD had decreased Bacteroides, Lachnospira, and Ruminiclostridium_9 and increased Prevotella at the genus level compared with healthy controls. The changing direction of these genera in patients with MCI was the same as patients with AD. However, Lachnospira was the only genus whose abundance in patients with MCI was statistically significantly lower than healthy controls. Bacteroides, Lachnospira, and Ruminiclostridium_9 were positively associated with better cognitive functions whereas Prevotella was on the contrary when subjects of all three groups were considered. The negative correlation of Prevotella with cognitive functions remained among patients with MCI. Conclusion: Patients newly diagnosed with AD or MCI have gut dysbiosis that includes the decrease of potentially protective microbiome, such as Bacteroides, and the increase of microbiome that can promote inflammation, such as Prevotella. Our results support a novel idea that the degree of gut dysbiosis is worsened with the disease stage from MCI to AD.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Rosano, Giuseppe. "The gut and cardiovascular diseases." In ESC CardioMed, 1090–93. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0265.

Full text
Abstract:
The physiological functioning of the gut is central for the pharmacokinetics of orally administered cardiovascular drugs and alteration of the gut homeostasis may have relevant repercussions on the effect of these drugs. The gut microbiome may affect the absorption and metabolism of nutrients favouring the development of obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, alterations in intestinal barrier permeability lead to the penetration of bacteria and bacterial wall products into the circulation and may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis and worsening of heart failure. Despite the suggestions of the possible interaction between the gut and the cardiovascular system and of stimulating novel mechanisms for disease progression that may open to new therapeutic approaches, the available evidence must be considered preliminary.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Pambu, Aaron Lelo, and Abdellah Zinedine. "Gastrointestinal Tract and COVID-19." In Handbook of Research on Pathophysiology and Strategies for the Management of COVID-19, 127–40. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8225-1.ch008.

Full text
Abstract:
The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus disease 2019; previously 2019- nCoV), epi-centered in Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China, has spread to many other countries caused an extreme burden for healthcare systems globally. Coronaviruses are traditionally considered nonlethal pathogens to humans, mainly causing approximately 15% of common colds. In this century, we have encountered highly pathogenic human CoVs twice. In this chapter, the authors propose to focus the gastrointestinal physiopathology of the infection of SARS-Cov2. This chapter will develop subject like the gastrointestinal manifestations of the infection to SARS-Cov2. The second part of this chapter will develop the role of the gut microbiome in the SARS-Cov2 diseases susceptibilities. And then the authors will show the etiopathogenesis of SARS-Cov2 associated diarrhea. As reported by previous studies, the SARS-Cov virus entry into host cell is mediated by the interaction between the envelop-anchored viral spike protein and the host receptor named angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Das, Sujit, Trupti J. Undhad, and Subrota Hati. "Gut–brain communication: a novel application of probiotics." In Microbiome, Immunity, Digestive Health and Nutrition, 405–16. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822238-6.00017-0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Novel gut-microbiome"

1

Rashad, Manar, Mohamed Hamed, and Mohamed El-Hadidi. "Unravelling Diabetes-related Pathways Using 16S rRNA Microbiome Data from Human Gut and Nasal Cavity." In 2022 4th Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942410.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Li, Zhiming, Liang Sun, Caiyou Hu, Jiahong Ding, Qi Zhou, Yuzhe Sun, Rui Li, et al. "IDDF2020-ABS-0141 The gut microbiome and serum metabolome orchestrate healthy aging and longevity with novel implications for renal function." In Abstracts of the International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF), 22–23 November 2020, Hong Kong. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-iddf.87.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Novel gut-microbiome"

1

Gottlieb, Yuval, Bradley Mullens, and Richard Stouthamer. investigation of the role of bacterial symbionts in regulating the biology and vector competence of Culicoides vectors of animal viruses. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699865.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Symbiotic bacteria have been shown to influence host reproduction and defense against biotic and abiotic stressors, and this relates to possible development of a symbiont-based control strategy. This project was based on the hypothesis that symbionts have a significant impact on Culicoides fitness and vector competence for animal viruses. The original objectives in our proposal were: 1. Molecular identification and localization of the newly-discovered symbiotic bacteria within C. imicola and C. schultzei in Israel and C. sonorensis in California. 2. Determination of the prevalence of symbiotic bacteria within different vector Culicoides populations. 3. Documentation of specific symbiont effects on vector reproduction and defense: 3a) test for cytoplasmic incompatibility in Cardinium-infected species; 3b) experimentally evaluate the role of the symbiont on infection or parasitism by key Culicoides natural enemies (iridescent virus and mermithid nematode). 4. Testing the role(s) of the symbionts in possible protection against infection of vector Culicoides by BTV. According to preliminary findings and difficulties in performing experimental procedures performed in other insect symbiosis systems where insect host cultures are easily maintained, we modified the last two objectives as follows: Obj. 3, we tested how symbionts affected general fitness of Israeli Culicoides species, and thoroughly described and evaluated the correlation between American Culicoides and their bacterial communities in the field. We also tried alternative methods to test symbiont-Culicoides interactions and launched studies to characterize low-temperature stress tolerances of the main US vector, which may be related to symbionts. Obj. 4, we tested the correlation between EHDV (instead of BTV) aquisition and Cardinium infection. Culicoides-bornearboviral diseases are emerging or re-emerging worldwide, causing direct and indirect economic losses as well as reduction in animal welfare. One novel strategy to reduce insects’ vectorial capacity is by manipulating specific symbionts to affect vector fitness or performance of the disease agent within. Little was known on the bacterial tenants occupying various Culicoides species, and thus, this project was initiated with the above aims. During this project, we were able to describe the symbiont Cardinium and whole bacterial communities in Israeli and American Culicoides species respectively. We showed that Cardinium infection prevalence is determined by land surface temperature, and this may be important to the larval stage. We also showed no patent significant effect of Cardinium on adult fitness parameters. We showed that the bacterial community in C. sonorensis varies significantly with the host’s developmental stage, but it varies little across multiple wastewater pond environments. This may indicate some specific biological interactions and allowed us to describe a “core microbiome” for C. sonorensis. The final set of analyses that include habitat sample is currently done, in order to separate the more intimately-associated bacteria from those inhabiting the gut contents or cuticle surface (which also could be important). We were also able to carefully study other biological aspects of Culicoides and were able to discriminate two species in C. schultzei group in Israel, and to investigate low temperature tolerances of C. sonorensis that may be related to symbionts. Scientific implications include the establishment of bacterial identification and interactions in Culicoides (our work is cited in other bacteria-Culicoides studies), the development molecular identification of C. schultzei group, and the detailed description of the microbiome of the immature and matched adult stages of C. sonorensis. Agricultural implications include understanding of intrinsic factors that govern Culicoides biology and population regulation, which may be relevant for vector control or reduction in pathogen transmission. Being able to precisely identify Culicoides species is central to understanding Culicoides borne disease epidemiology.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Novel gut-microbiome' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography