Journal articles on the topic 'Novel Adaptations'
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Perdikaki, Katerina. "Film Adaptation as an Act of Communication: Adopting a Translation-oriented Approach to the Analysis of Adaptation Shifts." Meta 62, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040464ar.
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Contemporary theoretical trends in Adaptation Studies and Translation Studies (Aragay 2005; Catrysse 2014; Milton 2009; Venuti 2007) envisage synergies between the two areas that can contribute to the sociocultural and artistic value of adaptations. This suggests the application of theoretical insights derived from Translation Studies to the adaptation of novels for the screen (i.e., film adaptations). It is argued that the process of transposing a novel into a filmic product entails an act of bidirectional communication between the book, the novel and the involved contexts of production and reception. Particular emphasis is placed on the role that context plays in this communication. Context here is taken to include paratextual material pertinent to the adapted text and to the film. Such paratext may lead to fruitful analyses of adaptations and, thus, surpass the myopic criterion of fidelity which has traditionally dominated Adaptation Studies. The analysis uses examples of adaptation shifts (i.e., changes between the source novel and the film adaptation) from the filmP.S. I Love You(LaGravenese 2007), which are examined against interviews of the author, the director and the cast, the film trailer and one film review.
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Bharat, Meenakshi. "Did We Need Another Emma? The Anxiety of Influence in the Bollywood Adaptation of Emma." Humanities 11, no. 4 (June 28, 2022): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11040080.
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The multiple screen adaptations of Jane Austen’s novels, and in particular, those of Emma (1815–1816), willy-nilly direct audience attention to the problematic continuities between the original novel and Rajshri Ojha’s twenty-first century Bollywood adaptation, Aisha (2010). This essay addresses the issue of the competing influence of Austen and the global cinematic adaptations that precede this Hindi adaptation, even as it assesses the film for its engagement with the adaptation of Austenian social concerns to the particularities of the contemporary upper-middle-class urban existence in India.
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Olena Volodymyrivna, Hlushchenko, Kornielaieva Yevheniia Valeriivna, and Moskaliuk Olena Viktorivna. "Interpreting Jane Austen’s Writing Style: Adaptations of the Novel Northanger Abbey." Arab World English Journal, no. 3 (November 15, 2020): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/elt3.19.
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The research paper focused on revealing the individual writing style of Jane Austen based on the novel Northanger Abbey and interpretations of its various adaptations. The purpose of the article is to prove that the individual author’s style can be reconstructed due to different stylistic devices that help the reader to understand the message of a literary work more profoundly and take into account in the process of film adaptations. An author’s style is characterized by numerous factors including spelling, word choices, sentence structures, punctuation, use of literary stylistic devices (irony, metaphors, rhyme, etc.) and organization of ideas, narration structure, and overall tone of the narration. The main analytic procedures used in the research are keyness, collocation, and cluster. The authors also define that the novel under analysis is a parody of Gothic fiction. The author ruined the conventions of eighteenth-century novels by making her heroine fall in love with the character before he has a serious thought of her and exposing the heroine’s romantic fears and curiosities as groundless. The article deals with adaptation as an integral part of the concept of intersemiotic translation. It is possible to say that adaptation is an attempt to translate the content of the adapted material into its screening; intersemiotic translation focuses on the analysis and interpretation of semiotic codes in the scope of adapted material. Seven basic operations used to differentiate the range of adaptation are substitution, reduction, addition, amplification, inversion, transaccentation, compression.
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SCHABRUN, SIOBHAN M., PAUL W. HODGES, BILL VICENZINO, EMMA JONES, and LUCINDA S. CHIPCHASE. "Novel Adaptations in Motor Cortical Maps." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 47, no. 4 (April 2015): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000000469.
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Strong, Jeremy. "Straight to the Source? Where Adaptations, Artworks, Historical Films, and Novels Connect." Adaptation 12, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apz020.
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AbstractResponding to several recent interventions in adaptation studies that have argued for history-as-adaptation, this article develops a sustained examination of how page-to-screen adaptations may be understood as structured and interpreted in ways analogous to the historical film. Considering the relationship between historical screen texts and the historical novel, including the many novel-to-film adaptations of such stories, the article identifies a distinct subset of adaptations in which artworks and literary works are engaged as the ‘source’ for fictional and semi-fictional narratives that ostensibly address the circumstances of their creation. Re-purposing the term ‘origin story’ to characterize these stories, the works of historical novelist Tracy Chevalier are posited as examples of this creative adaptive practice. In addition, this article argues for the trope of ‘bringing-to-life’ and the associated domain of re-enactment as key modes, deeply resonant since the earliest phases of cinema technology, for figuring both the page-to-screen adaptation and historical film. Finally, the 2015 historical biopic and adaptation Trumbo and its relationship to a range of sources are examined in the light of ideas proposed in this article.
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Sferra, Emily. "“One of her delusions”: Maternity, Selfhood, and Voice in Mr. Rochester." Victorians Institute Journal 48, no. 1 (December 2021): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/victinstj.48.2021.0043.
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Abstract Sarah Shoemaker’s Mr. Rochester, a recent adaptation of Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, disputes understandings of women’s selfhood as promoted by Jane Eyre and Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea. By attributing the cause of Bertha Mason’s mental illness to disrupted maternity and not allowing her to articulate her loss fully to a compassionate listener, Shoemaker’s adaptation upholds the Victorian gender ideals which Brontë’s novel challenges and ignores the efforts of Wide Sargasso Sea to allow Bertha a voice. The positive reception of Mr. Rochester among readers signals that the politics of a source text may matter less than characters and plot to readers and writers of neo-Victorian adaptations. To understand how and why the reading public values Victorian novels today, scholars must critically examine adaptations and their fidelity to their source texts.
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Mutta, Maarit, and Andrea Hynynen. "The adaptation of three Manchette néo-polars to Machette-Tardi’s graphic novels." Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies 10, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/bells.v10i1.1412.
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Cultural adaptations have existed for a long time (Hutcheon & O’Flynn 2013). This article discusses adaptation from one narrative genre, the textual néo-polar crime novel, to another, multimodal comics. It explores three of Jean-Patrick Manchette’s néo-polars that have been adapted by Jacques Tardi to three graphic novels: Ô dingos, ô châteaux! (Folle à tuer), Le petit bleu de la côte Ouest and La position du tireur couché. The analysis suggests that Tardi remains attached to the fidelity paradigm while he also exploits characteristic features of comics, and his own personal style. While Tardi seemingly wishes to be respectful to his former friend Manchette’s novels, he creates adaptations that can be read without prior knowledge of the adapted works and which function as independent graphic novels in a recognizable Tardian style.
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Hu, Zhiyue. "Journey to the West: Cross-media adaptations of a Chinese classic tale." Journal of Adaptation in Film & Performance 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jafp_00071_1.
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Journey to the West as one of the ‘four great Chinese classic novels’ has had an extraordinary influence across history and around the world. Journey to the West depicts how a Tang Dynasty Buddhist monk Xuanzang and his three disciples went through 81 trials to obtain the Buddhist texts (Sutras) from the Western Heaven (ancient India). Despite the novel itself being a product of a long history of adaptation, this article aims to offer an overview of the modern and contemporary cross-media adaptations of both the novel and the tale Journey to the West, with examples of literature (including web fictions), stage performances, films, TV series, manga and animation, video games and music. These adaptations not only happen in the Chinese-speaking world but also on an Asian and global level. Through introducing the extensive and diverse cases that inform an idea of ‘IP (intellectual property)’ as favoured in the Chinese cultural market, this article aims to point out the cultural and capital flow within this one single series of adaptations. In place of a relationship between source and adaptation, the contemporary context supports the idea of a wider context in which a source may be seen to validate a range of new and highly commercialized genres. It is developed from a presentation in the 2019 JAFP symposium Looking Back, Stepping Forward.
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Kaur, Manmeet. "A study on screen adaptations from Literature with reference to Chetan Bhagat’s Novel." Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism & Mass Communication 05, no. 01 (February 27, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2395.3810.201801.
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van Breukelen, Frank, and Sandra L. Martin. "Invited Review: Molecular adaptations in mammalian hibernators: unique adaptations or generalized responses?" Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 2640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01007.2001.
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Hibernators are unique among mammals in their ability to attain, withstand, and reverse low body temperatures. Hibernators repeatedly cycle between body temperatures near zero during torpor and 37°C during euthermy. How do these mammals maintain cardiac function, cell integrity, blood fluidity, and energetic balance during their prolonged periods at low body temperature and avoid damage when they rewarm? Hibernation is often considered an example of a unique adaptation for low-temperature function in mammals. Although such adaptation is apparent at the level of whole animal physiology, it is surprisingly difficult to demonstrate clear examples of adaptations at the cellular and biochemical levels that improve function in the cold and are unique to hibernators. Instead of adaptation for improved function in the cold, the key molecular adaptations of hibernation may be to exploit the cold to depress most aspects of biochemical function and then rewarm without damage to restore optimal function of all systems. These capabilities are likely due to novel regulation of biochemical pathways shared by all mammals, including humans.
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Sihvonen, Jukka. "Men in motion: On the third Unknown Soldier." Journal of Scandinavian Cinema 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jsca_00038_1.
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The third adaptation of The Unknown Soldier premiered during the celebration of the centennial anniversary of Finland’s independence in 2017. The original novel by Väinö Linna was published in 1954. This article will set the story of the novel briefly in both historical and authorial contexts. Then the discussion concentrates on characteristics of spectatorship and observations about differences between the three film adaptations of the novel, the first directed by Edvin Laine (1955), the second by Rauni Mollberg (1985) and the most recent version, again some 30 years later, directed by Aku Louhimies (2017). Analysis of this film highlights differences from the earlier adaptations as well as additions and shifts in emphasis when compared to the novel, such as the role of the home front and the focus on particular characters, especially corporal Rokka.
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Hurwich, Talia. "Reconsidering religious gender normativity in graphic novel adaptations: a quantitative and qualitative case study." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 20, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-08-2020-0097.
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Purpose This paper aims to illustrate how graphic novel adaptations can engage adolescents in conversations about gender and society, particularly when adaptations are weighed against messaging found in a student’s everyday life such as religiously motivated gender normativity. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on quantitative and qualitative analyzes of the interview, think-aloud and survey data collected from 15 adolescents who self-identified as Modern Orthodox Jewish women. Texts used for think-aloud were three graphic novel adaptations that critically adapted potentially misogynistic readings and interpretations of religious Jewish texts such as the Bible. Findings Epistemic network analysis and constructivist grounded theory show that visual elements found in each adaptation can spark deeply personal reflections on topics that are often explicitly or implicitly suppressed by social norms such as gender normativity in Jewish texts and practices. Originality/value This paper is timely and contributes to understanding the apparent cultural clash between religious conservativism and movements for social change, using the graphic novel to mediate between them.
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Ifri, Pascal A. "One novel, five adaptations: proust on film." Contemporary French and Francophone Studies 9, no. 1 (January 2005): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1026021042000325435.
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BHATTACHARYA, Prodosh, and Abhirup MASCHARAK. "”Dracula” and Dracula in Bengal and in Bengali." Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series IV: Philology and Cultural Studies 14 (63), Special Issue (January 2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.pcs.2021.63.14.3.6.
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This paper, after listing some translations of Stoker’s novel into Bengali, chooses to focus on two adaptations which totally Indianize the novel and its characters, particularly the titular antagonist, placing them, in one case, in newly-independent India and Calcutta, and in the other, in an India and a Calcutta around two decades after the independence of 1947. In the process, the vampire is queered in both adaptations, and, in the earlier one, so are its human opponents, whereas the later adaptation follows a more homophobic opposition of a queer alien and unambiguously heterosexual humans, despite there being no major feminine presence in it. We attempt some deductions regarding why the two Bengali adaptors took their respective stances.
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Bieri, Rahel, Tobias Nef, René M. Müri, and Urs P. Mosimann. "Development of a novel driving behavior adaptations questionnaire." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 6 (January 8, 2015): 1017–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214002750.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Driving a car requires adapting one's behavior to current task demands taking into account one's capacities. With increasing age, driving-relevant cognitive performance may decrease, creating a need for risk-reducing behavioral adaptations. Three different kinds of behavioral adaptations are known: selection, optimization, and compensation. These can occur on the tactical and the strategic level. Risk-reducing behavioral adaptations should be considered when evaluating older drivers’ traffic-related risks.Methods:A questionnaire to assess driving-related behavioral adaptations in older drivers was created. The questionnaire was administered to 61 years older (age 65–87 years; mean age = 70.2 years; SD = 5.5 years; 30 female, 31 male) and 31 younger participants (age 22–55 years; mean age = 30.5 years; SD = 6.3 years; 16 female and 15 male) to explore age and gender differences in behavioral adaptations.Results:Two factors were extracted from the questionnaire, a risk-increasing factor and a risk-reducing factor. Group comparisons revealed significantly more risk-reducing behaviors in older participants (t(84.5) = 2.21, p = 0.013) and females (t(90) = 2.52, p = 0.014) compared, respectively, to younger participants and males. No differences for the risk-increasing factor were found (p > 0.05).Conclusions:The questionnaire seems to be a useful tool to assess driving-related behavioral adaptations aimed at decreasing the risk while driving. The possibility to assess driving-related behavioral adaptations in a systematic way enables a more resource-oriented approach in the evaluation of fitness to drive in older drivers.
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Merenkova, Olga N., and Igor Yu Kotin. "Problems of British Bangladeshis’ Adaptations." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 13, no. 3 (2021): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.302.
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The novel Brick Lane by British writer Monica Ali provides a vivid sketch of the life of Bangladeshis both at home and in London, where the largest community of people from Bangladesh lives outside South Asia, primarily natives of Sylhet County. The book got its name due to the street, which has become a distinctive center of concentration for Bengalis in the capital of Great Britain. Ali’s novel Brick Lane can be regarded as a source on the recent history and ethnography of Great Britain and Bangladesh. The novel examines the peculiarities of the acculturation of Bengalis in England, identifies the points of conflicts between the host society and migrants, the growth of domestic racism in the place of concentration of migrants perceived as outsiders and the threat to traditional British values. The main characters of the novel — spouses Chanu and Nazneen, as well as their daughters — found themselves at the junction of two worlds: the European metropolis and the Asian rural hinterland. The work also depicts the conflict between representatives of different generations: between labor migrants, who arrived in England twenty or thirty years ago, recently arrived migrants and between descendants of migrants born in London who consider England as their homeland and Bangladesh as a distant country. Ali in her novel describes options for a way out of the conflict of civilizations in which the main characters were involved. Shanu, unable to achieve career growth and improve his social status, decided to leave London, while Nazneen and their daughters preferred to remain in the city.
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Wójcik, Katarzyna. "(Re)visions télévisuelles de la colonisation du Nord – série médiatique d’Un homme et son péché de Claude-Henri Grignon." Romanica Silesiana 18, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rs.2020.18.07.
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Claude-Henri Grignon’s novel Un homme et son péché presents the life of French Canadian colonial settlers of the Laurentides region at the end of XIXth century. It depicts a realistic image of the colonisation period of Quebec history. The novel is at the origin of a media series that englobes a radio adaptation, three filmic adaptations, theater adaptations, a comic, and two television series. The aim of this article is to discuss the vision of colonisation by analysing two television series based on Un homme et son péché: Les Belles Histoires des pays d’en haut broadcast from 1956 to 1970 and Les Pays d’en haut broadcast from 2016 to 2019 on ICI Radio-Canada Télé 1. The analysis will try to trace modifications inherent to the process of adaptation on different levels (protagonists, representation of space, ideological discourse) and their influence on the vision of the colonisation period.
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Jelínková, Ema. "Jane Austen Americanized: The democratic principle in recent adaptations of Emma." Ars Aeterna 9, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aa-2017-0004.
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Abstract When they first reached an American readership, Jane Austen’s novels enjoyed mixed reactions among intellectuals. The main charge levelled against Jane Austen’s fiction was that it conflicted with the democratic principles American society was based on. The next century brought about an explosion in the attention paid to Jane Austen, whether via adaptations, spinoffs, biopics, musicals, detective fiction, scholarly texts, societies or even websites. Most of these creative extensions of Jane Austen’s ideas (and her personality) seem to embrace contemporary American values and sensibilities and therefore, logically, make attempts at revising some of the less palatable aspects of the English society of the Regency era. This paper focuses on two prime examples of such a revisionist approach to Jane Austen’s most classconscious novel, Emma, in Douglas McGrath’s eponymous 1996 film adaptation and in Clueless, Amy Heckerling’s 1995 satirical film based on the same novel.
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Kwon, Sun-keung, and Jong-seok Ok. "Classical Korean Novel and Its Modern Film Adaptations." Research of the Korean Classic 43 (November 30, 2018): 5–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20516/classic.2018.43.5.
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Meaning, Lindsay. "Adaptations of Empire: Kipling's Kim, Novel and Game." Loading 13, no. 21 (September 14, 2020): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1071451ar.
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This paper addresses the depiction of colonialism and imperial ideologies in video games through an adaptation case study of the 2016 indie role-playing game Kim, adapted from the Rudyard Kipling novel of the same name. I explore the ways in which underlying colonial and imperial ideologies are replicated and reinforced in the process of adapting novel to game. In the process of adaptation, previously obscured practices of colonial violence are brought to the forefront of the narrative, where they are materialized by the game’s procedural rhetoric. However, the game fails to interrogate or critique these practices, ultimately reinforcing the imperial ideological framework in which it was developed.
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Val, A. L., S. R. Nozawa, R. T. Honda, and V. M. F. de Almeida-Val. "5.5. Novel environmental adaptations in lower vertebrate erythrocytes." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 148 (August 2007): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.06.063.
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Blank, Juliane. "‘. . . But Is It Literature?’." European Comic Art 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 74–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2017.100107.
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As a hybrid between ‘high’ literature and ‘trivial’ comics, graphic adaptations have been the subject of extensive debate in Germany. This article discusses the specific cultural conditions of graphic adaptation in Germany, which have been influenced by a process of emancipation from deeply rooted prejudice against comics as a medium of popular culture. To illustrate the changes brought about by the term ‘graphic novel’ around 2000, this article analyses two examples of a newer generation of graphic adaptation in detail. Flix’s Faust (2009–2010) and Drushba Pankow’s Das Fräulein von Scuderi [Mademoiselle de Scudery] (2011) represent a new self-confident approach to classic literature, but they also reflect on their own status as adaptations and thus contribute to ‘closing the gap’ between ‘high’ and popular culture.
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Marandi, Pegah, and Alireza Anushiravani. "Uncovering Cinematic Adaptations of James Joyce’s The Dead." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 5, no. 4 (October 31, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575//aiac.ijclts.v.5n.4p.38.
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The relationship between literature and film is the subject of plentiful analyses and reflections within the general framework of Comparative Literature. A comparison between a literary work and its adaptations shows how filmmakers adhere to the principles of intertextuality. Exploring various adaptations of James Joyce’s The Dead (1914) and comparing them against each other are the main objectives of this research. This study examines how John Huston (1987), Travis Mills and William Ivey Long (2013) adapted James Joyce’s The Dead (1914) culturally, geopolitically, and sociologically. This study demonstrated that Huston’s adaptation was faithful to Joyce’s text in terms of character, costume, culture, and language, whereas Mills and Long’s adaptation was not fully loyal to Joyce especially in terms of character and culture. However, Mills and Long have attempted to create a language similar to Joyce’s. Further, consciousness and interior thoughts as subtle issues precisely shown in the novel were not illustrated wholly in both adaptations. Huston’s creativity was maintained in the last scene, picturing Gabriel’s monologue, whereas Mills and Long’s creativity was shown in creating new postmodern characters and culture.
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Houldin, Adina, Romeo Chua, Mark G. Carpenter, and Tania Lam. "Limited interlimb transfer of locomotor adaptations to a velocity-dependent force field during unipedal walking." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00670.2011.
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Several studies have demonstrated that motor adaptations to a novel task environment can be transferred between limbs. Such interlimb transfer of motor commands is consistent with the notion of centrally driven strategies that can be generalized across different frames of reference. So far, studies of interlimb transfer of locomotor adaptations have yielded disparate results. Here we sought to determine whether locomotor adaptations in one (trained) leg show transfer to the other (test) leg during a unipedal walking task. We hypothesized that adaptation in the test leg to a velocity-dependent force field previously experienced by the trained leg will be faster, as revealed by faster recovery of kinematic errors and earlier onset of aftereffects. Twenty able-bodied adults walked unipedally in the Lokomat robotic gait orthosis, which applied velocity-dependent resistance to the legs. The amount of resistance was scaled to 10% of each individual's maximum voluntary contraction of the hip flexors. Electromyography and kinematics of the lower limb were recorded. All subjects were right-leg dominant and were tested for transfer of motor adaptations from the right leg to the left leg. Catch trials, consisting of unexpected removal of resistance, were presented after the first step with resistance and after a period of adaptation to test for aftereffects. We found no significant differences in the sizes of the aftereffects between the two legs, except for peak hip flexion during swing, or in the rate at which peak hip flexion adapted during steps against resistance between the two legs. Our results indicate that interlimb transfer of these types of locomotor adaptation is not a robust phenomenon. These findings add to our current understanding of motor adaptations and provide further evidence that generalization of adaptations may be dependent on the movement task.
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Kostaszuk-Romanowska, Monika. "Od Trylogii do Chłopów. Strategie reżyserskie współczesnych inscenizatorów „wielkiej powieści”." Załącznik Kulturoznawczy, no. 8 (2021): 241–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zk.2021.8.12.
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The great Polish novel is a staging task willingly undertaken by directors. The term ‘great novel’ means a novel in the epic type. The essence of its theatrical potential is already determined by its volume – it is undoubtedly a tempting challenge for the director. Equally inspiring are the basic features of an epic itself – a wide, panoramic spectrum of the community, embedded in the discourse of breakthrough, solstice of ideas, values, and identity identifications. The text discusses five source clues leading to the stage adaptations of the ‘great novel’ – the idea of post-dramatic nature, the issue of theatrical adaptation of a literary work, the issue of the so-called ‘indecency’, the formula of engaged theater and the problem of confrontation between reading the novel with the perceptual order of theatrical staging. The second part of the text presents the producer’s strategies used in two, especially important novels staged in recent years – the Trilogy, directed by Jan Klata and Peasant Farmers directed by Krzysztof Garbaczewski.
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Protar, Camille. "Écran et roman sur la scène. Réflexion croisée sur trois spectacles de Krystian Lupa." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Dramatica 65, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbdrama.2020.2.14.
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"Screen and Novel on Stage: a Cross Reflection on three Krystian Lupa’s Shows. Through the analysis of three shows – City of dream based on The Other Side by Alfred Kubin, Gargoyles and Cutting Timber based on Thomas Bernhard’s novels – this article aims at highlighting the specificity of on-stage video in Krystian Lupa’s work. Best known for his adaptations of long novels focusing on conscience and interiority, Lupa supersedes a basic use of video and uses it as a real means for the exploration of the characters’ psyche. More than a mere visual element facilitating the transition from novel to stage, video is for Krystian Lupa a way to interrogate the relationship between all the elements of theatre: indeed, it questions the actor’s relationship to the character he embodies, as well as the relationship between the spectator and what happens on stage. Keywords: Krystian Lupa, Alfred Kubin, Thomas Bernhard, video, adaptation of novel, character, actor."
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Jerison, Harry J. "Issues in neo- and paleoneurology of language." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, no. 1 (March 1995): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0003805x.
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AbstractWilkins and Wakefield's hypothesis that language is fundamentally a cognitive rather than cominunicational adaptation is reasonable, but there are flaws in their anatomical and fossil evidence. Their analysis of reorganization also needs clarification. Finally, the origin of language ability must have occurred with australopithecine rather than habiline adaptations on entry into the novel hominid adaptive zone.
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Patil, Kavita. "Translating Word to Image: Retelling of A Passage to India." New Literaria 04, no. 01 (2023): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.48189/nl.2023.v04i1.005.
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In this research paper I investigate David Lean, an English film director’s, attempt of adapting E. M. Forster’s English novel A passage to India into the film. This adaptation seems to be compelling, trying to be ‘faithful’ to the original. If the words in the novel make the reader imagine various aspects of the encounter between the ‘native’ and the ‘coloniser’, the images in the film propel the audience not just to see but interpret these encounters. Adela’s bicycle ride, although, is not in the novel, its inclusion in the film conveys what was left to be interpreted or the act of ‘reading between the text’ for the reader of the novel. Each film adaptation is a separate event and does not have to follow a particular theory; neither in terms of film making and nor for description, interpretation, or analysis. However, in academia, where participants in the literary/cinematic discourses are expected to have read the original works of art (plays, novels, and short stories), adaptations intentionally or unintentionally face the fate of being compared to the original. A Passage to India appears to be an example of how concepts, ‘mimicry’ and ‘hybridisation’ from post-colonial theory help to see the adaptation in new light
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Mendes, Ana Cristina, and Joel Kuortti. "Padma or No Padma: Audience in the Adaptations of Midnight’s Children." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 52, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 501–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989416671171.
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It is remarkable that what many consider as Salman Rushdie’s landmark work in fiction, Midnight’s Children, was first adapted to film only in 2012, 31 years after its publication. It was also the first of his works to be filmed. This is noteworthy given the novel’s cinematic self-awareness and the writer’s overt interest in acting and cinema, which he has reiterated over the years. Cinema, as a subject matter and a distinctive artistic language, resurfaces time and again in the pages of Rushdie’s essays, short stories, novels, and other writings. As many critics have pointed out, the writer’s emotional connection to cinema has translated into cinema itself being put to work as a mediating device in his oeuvre, with his characters often making sense of themselves and the world — and coming to terms with their own place in it — through cinema. In this article, we examine the three existing adaptations of Midnight’s Children, with particular emphasis on the 2012 film, in view of their discursively constructed audiences. We consider these adaptations from the point of view of the audience, and how they engage with the spectator/reader. Our analysis is supplemented by Rushdie’s essays on the acts of adaptation and translation from one artistic medium to another. Our purpose is not to measure the failure or success of Rushdie’s and Mehta’s adaptation (although an aesthetic evaluation would indeed be of interest); we argue instead that the film adaptation is a protracted creative project that has taken into consideration, more than previous adaptations of the novel, not only new forms of representation and new ways of reading, but also new ways of engaging its constructed audiences.
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Carter, Eli. "Rereading Dom Casmurro - aesthetic hybridity in Capitu." Machado de Assis em Linha 7, no. 13 (June 2014): 19–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-68212014000100004.
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Although perhaps best known for Lavoura Arcaica (2001), an adaptation of Raduan Nassar's 1975 novel, the majority of Luiz Fernando Carvalho's professional activity has been in television, where, in addition to critically acclaimed telenovelas, he has directed adaptations of works by Eça de Queirós, Ariano Suassuna, Machado de Assis, Clarice Lispector, and Graciliano Ramos. Carvalho's audiovisual oeuvre has distinguished him as one of the most creative directors working in Brazil today and as the first full-fledged Brazilian television auteur. In 2008 Carvalho completed Capitu, an adaptation of Machado de Assis's masterpiece, Dom Casmurro (1899). This paper analyzes Carvalho's unique rereading of Machado's novel and the aesthetic hybridity that characterizes Capitu.
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Wang, Jinsung, and Robert L. Sainburg. "Interlimb Transfer of Novel Inertial Dynamics Is Asymmetrical." Journal of Neurophysiology 92, no. 1 (July 2004): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00960.2003.
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Mechanisms underlying interlimb transfer of adaptation to visuomotor rotations have recently been explored in depth. However, little data are available regarding interlimb transfer of adaptation to novel inertial dynamics. The present study thus investigated interlimb transfer of dynamics by examining the effect of initial training with one arm on subsequent performance with the other in adaptation to a 1.5-kg mass attached eccentrically to the forearm. Using inverse dynamic analysis, we examined the changes in torque strategies associated with adaptation to the extra mass, and with interlimb transfer of that adaptation. Following initial training with the dominant arm, nondominant arm performance improved substantially in terms of linearity and initial direction control as compared with naïve performance. However, initial training with the nondominant arm had no effect on subsequent performance with the dominant arm. Inverse dynamic analysis revealed that improvements in kinematics were implemented by increasing flexor muscle torques at the elbow to counter load-induced increases in extensor interaction torques as well as increasing flexor muscle torques at the shoulder to counter the extensor actions of elbow muscle torque. Following opposite arm adaptation, the nondominant arm adopted this dynamic strategy early in adaptation. These findings suggest that dominant arm adaptation to novel inertial dynamics leads to information that can be accessed and utilized by the opposite arm controller, but not vice versa. When compared with our previous findings on interlimb transfer of visuomotor rotations, our current findings suggest that adaptations to visuomotor and dynamic transformations are mediated by distinct neural mechanisms.
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Asendorpf, Jens B., and Frosso Motti–Stefanidi. "Mediated Disposition–Environment Transactions: The Dae Model." European Journal of Personality 32, no. 3 (May 2018): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2118.
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We propose a new model of personality development, the disposition– adaptation–environment (DAE) model. It is based on the assumption that two types of individual characteristics can be distinguished: Dispositions make up the relatively stable core of personality at a particular age, and adaptations are the joint outcome of effects of dispositions and environmental characteristics and mediate transactions between dispositions and environments. Whereas distinctions between dispositions and adaptations have been drawn before, the DAE model is unique in that it (i) entails testable hypotheses whether individual characteristics are adaptations or dispositions, (ii) is based on quasi–causal cross–lagged effects, (iii) assigns adaptations a functional role as longitudinal mediators of disposition–environment transaction, and (iv) is developmentally sensitive. We illustrate application of the DAE model with a three–wave longitudinal study of 1118 adolescents who were observed from the first to the third year in middle school, using the Big Five as dispositions, conduct and self–esteem with peers as adaptations, and peer acceptance and rejection as the environmental measures. Hypotheses–driven and exploratory analyses were combined to yield both safe conclusions and novel hypotheses. We compare the model with other models of personality development and discuss extensions that include stable genetic and socio–economic effects. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Hwang, Woo-Hyun. "Cinematic Language for Novel Adaptations : A Case Study of." Journal of the Korea Contents Association 17, no. 1 (January 28, 2017): 634–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2017.17.01.634.
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Li, Yi. "Melancholic Nostalgia, Identity Crisis, and Adaptation in 1950s Hong Kong: Ba Jin’s Family on Screen." Adaptation 13, no. 3 (May 4, 2020): 313–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apz029.
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Abstract The communist takeover of mainland China in 1949 created physical, cultural, and political segregation between the mainland and Hong Kong, thus fostering a sense of dislocation and alienation among filmmakers who had migrated to Hong Kong from the mainland. The aim of this study is to explore the symbiosis between nostalgia and adaptation in Hong Kong cinema within the cultural landscape of 1950s Hong Kong, when Cold War politics was operating. With a detailed analysis of the 1953 Hong Kong film adaptation of mainland writer Ba Jin’s novel Family, and a comparative reading with the mainland film version produced in 1956, this study illustrates the cultural and historical significance of nostalgia in the development of Hong Kong cinema. This article further argues that nostalgic sentiment was expressed effectively through adaptations, while simultaneously improving these adaptations artistically and strengthening their political alignment with the mainland.
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Liebl, Andrea L., Aaron W. Schrey, Samuel C. Andrew, Elizabeth L. Sheldon, and Simon C. Griffith. "Invasion genetics: Lessons from a ubiquitous bird, the house sparrow Passer domesticus." Current Zoology 61, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.3.465.
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Abstract Following an introduction, non-native species are exposed to environments that differ from those found in their native range; further, as these non-native species expand beyond the site of introduction, they must constantly adapt to novel environments. Although introduced species are present across most ecosystems, few species have successfully established themselves on a truly global scale. One such species, the house sparrow Passer domesticus, is now one of the world’s most broadly distributed vertebrate species and has been introduced to a great part of its current range. To date, work on four continents suggests both genetic and phenotypic variation exists between native and introduced ranges. As such, house sparrows represent an excellent opportunity to study adaptations to novel environments and how these adaptations are derived. The global distribution of this species and the multiple independent introductions to geographically isolated sites allow researchers to ask questions regarding genetic variation and adaptation on a global scale. Here, we summarize the molecular studies of invasive house sparrows from the earliest work using allozymes through more recent work on epigenetics; using these studies, we discuss patterns of dispersal of this species. We then discuss future directions in techniques (e.g. next generation sequencing) and how they will provide new insight into questions that are fundamental to invasion biology. Finally, we discuss how continued research on the house sparrow in light of these genetic changes and adaptations will elucidate answers of adaptation, invasion biology, range expansion, and resilience in vertebrate systems generally.
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Stupplebeen, David, Catherine Pirkle, Jermy-Leigh Domingo, Blythe Nett, Tetine Sentell, and L. Brooke Keliikoa. "Adaptions to the National Diabetes Prevention Programme lifestyle change curriculum by Hawai‘i Federally Qualified Health Centers: a qualitative descriptive study." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (November 2020): e037577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037577.
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ObjectiveThe objective of this qualitative study was to describe the community-appropriate and culturally appropriate adaptations made by lifestyle change programme (LCP) coaches to the National Diabetes Prevention Programme curriculum for Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) patients in Hawaiʻi, an ethnically diverse state with a high proportion of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPI).Research design and methodsWe used a qualitative descriptive approach. First, we conducted a document review of existing programmatic notes and materials followed by video interview calls with 13 lifestyle coaches at 7 FQHCs implementing in-person LCPs. Lifestyle coaches catalogued, described and explained the rationale for adaptations. The research team counted adaptations if they met a specific adaptation definition derived from several sources. Community and cultural relevancy of adaptations were analysed using an existing framework for weight loss and diabetes prevention for NHPIs.ResultsThe average number of adaptations per FQHC was 8.61 (range: 4–16). Adaptations fell into 11 broad categories such as off-site community field trips, food-related and nutrition-related activities, and physical activity opportunities. Novel adaptations included goal setting with motivational interviewing and dyadic recruitment. Field trips and in-class food demonstrations addressed the most constructs related to weight loss and diabetes prevention for NHPI, including social and community barriers, familial barriers and barriers to self-efficacy.ConclusionsLifestyle coaches were culturally attuned to the needs of LCP participants, particularly from NHPI communities. Policy-makers should recognise the extra work that LCP coaches do in order to increase enrollment and retention in these types of programmes.
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Sullivan, Katrina J., Kyle K. Biggar, and Kenneth B. Storey. "Expression and Characterization of the Novel Genefr47during Freezing in the Wood Frog,Rana sylvatica." Biochemistry Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/363912.
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The wood frog,Rana sylvatica, has numerous adaptations that allow it to survive freezing of up to 65% of its total body water during the winter. Such adaptations have been found to include the expression of novel freeze responsive genes that are thought to be important for adaptation and survival. In this study, the tissue-specific stress responsive expression of one novel gene,fr47, was assessed in seven wood frog tissues. In response to freezing, the transcript expression offr47increased significantly in six tissues: heart, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and testes. The expression offr47was also strongly upregulated by component stresses of freezing, namely, anoxia and dehydration. A dynamic change infr47expression was also observed during tadpole development, with expression low in embryonic stages (Gosner stages 14–20), increasing through intermediate (stages 26–43) and transformation phases (stages 44-45). These results indicated thatfr47potentially has a role to play in development and metamorphosis, in addition to freeze, anoxia, and dehydration tolerance.De novoanalysis of FR47 protein structure revealed a likelihood of membrane associated function and possible GRB2 association. It is hypothesized that this interaction may influence inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production, known to increase during wood frog freezing.
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Rolls, Alistair. "An Age of Contradiction, or Who Killed Colonel Protheroe?" Crime Fiction Studies 2, no. 2 (September 2021): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cfs.2021.0047.
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Crime Fiction studies have entered something of a new age. It is no longer necessary to begin an article with defensive remarks about sales numbers or the literary qualities of detective novels; indeed, this may be the start of a new Golden Age. In this article, I shall review two phenomena that may be considered instrumental in this critical turn: adaptations for the screen and Pierre Bayard’s self-styled critique policière, or ‘detective criticism’. Screen adaptations of Agatha Christie’s works have, by turns, enthralled and dismayed viewers. In removing their cosy edges and transforming Christie’s novels into films fit for contemporary audiences, they have gone as far, in some cases, as to change the sacrosanct ending. Here, I shall discuss the ways in which Charlie Palmer’s 2004 adaptation of The Murder at the Vicarage points to a potential rereading of the novel. I shall then deploy Bayardian detective criticism not only to demonstrate the implausibility of Miss Marple’s final solution to The Murder at the Vicarage, but also to suggest that Christie’s greatest skill lies perhaps in saving her greatest red herring until last.
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Saraskina, Liudmila I. "Arkady Dolgoruky in Cinema and Theatre: Debut Decisions." Dostoevsky and world culture. Philological journal, no. 2 (2021): 192–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2021-2-192-223.
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The paper investigates the fate of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in cinema and theatre, comparing it with the stories of several film and stage adaptations of other works by the same author. The problem here discussed concerns the acceptable limits of interpretation, in cinema and theatre, of a literary work. The paper considers the following controversial aspects: - to what extent film and stage adaptations of a literary work may prove the success of the work as a piece of literature? - do film and stage adaptations expand (amplify) the contents of their literary source? - do they treat honestly the ideas and images of their source? The paper analyses the reasons why both cinema and theatre for many decades did not pay attention to The Adolescent and perhaps even deliberately bypassed it. The only film adaptation of The Adolescent so far was made in USSR in 1983 by the director Yevgeny I. Tashkov (1926-2012), with Andrei Tashkov (b. 1957) as Arkady Dolgoruky and Oleg Borisov (1929-1994) as Andrei Versilov. Of particular interest is the process of transforming the novel first-person narrative (Ich-Erzählung) into the language of cinema. However, the cinema debut of the novel and its characters cannot be described as a success. The film freed itself from the meaningfulness of the literary original, did not treat adequately its main ideas, and chose easy ways in all respects: in the script, in the work of the director, and the actors’ performances. Still more simplified has been the stage adaptation of The Adolescent at the Maly Drama Theatre in Saint Petersburg (the premiere took place on May 12, 2013). The director Oleg Dmitriyev, a disciple of Lev Dodon, abridged considerably the plot of the novel. The character of Versilov was deleted, shifting accents, and disfiguring the whole composition of the plot. In the novel, Arkady had dreamed all through his youth to come to know “the whole truth” about Versilov. In the stage adaptation, Arkady is presented not as a young and maturing person, but as a grown-up man who goes through a “middle-age crisis”: he turns into Versilov himself. He appropriates Versilov’s right to be extravagant and scandalous, thus playing the role, not of a witness but the central figure in the culmination of the story.
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Saraskina, Liudmila I. "Arkady Dolgoruky in Cinema and Theatre: Debut Decisions." Dostoevsky and world culture. Philological journal, no. 2 (2021): 192–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2619-0311-2021-2-192-223.
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The paper investigates the fate of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in cinema and theatre, comparing it with the stories of several film and stage adaptations of other works by the same author. The problem here discussed concerns the acceptable limits of interpretation, in cinema and theatre, of a literary work. The paper considers the following controversial aspects: - to what extent film and stage adaptations of a literary work may prove the success of the work as a piece of literature? - do film and stage adaptations expand (amplify) the contents of their literary source? - do they treat honestly the ideas and images of their source? The paper analyses the reasons why both cinema and theatre for many decades did not pay attention to The Adolescent and perhaps even deliberately bypassed it. The only film adaptation of The Adolescent so far was made in USSR in 1983 by the director Yevgeny I. Tashkov (1926-2012), with Andrei Tashkov (b. 1957) as Arkady Dolgoruky and Oleg Borisov (1929-1994) as Andrei Versilov. Of particular interest is the process of transforming the novel first-person narrative (Ich-Erzählung) into the language of cinema. However, the cinema debut of the novel and its characters cannot be described as a success. The film freed itself from the meaningfulness of the literary original, did not treat adequately its main ideas, and chose easy ways in all respects: in the script, in the work of the director, and the actors’ performances. Still more simplified has been the stage adaptation of The Adolescent at the Maly Drama Theatre in Saint Petersburg (the premiere took place on May 12, 2013). The director Oleg Dmitriyev, a disciple of Lev Dodon, abridged considerably the plot of the novel. The character of Versilov was deleted, shifting accents, and disfiguring the whole composition of the plot. In the novel, Arkady had dreamed all through his youth to come to know “the whole truth” about Versilov. In the stage adaptation, Arkady is presented not as a young and maturing person, but as a grown-up man who goes through a “middle-age crisis”: he turns into Versilov himself. He appropriates Versilov’s right to be extravagant and scandalous, thus playing the role, not of a witness but the central figure in the culmination of the story.
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Sol, Daniel, Ferran Sayol, Simon Ducatez, and Louis Lefebvre. "The life-history basis of behavioural innovations." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1690 (March 19, 2016): 20150187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0187.
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The evolutionary origin of innovativeness remains puzzling because innovating means responding to novel or unusual problems and hence is unlikely to be selected by itself. A plausible alternative is considering innovativeness as a co-opted product of traits that have evolved for other functions yet together predispose individuals to solve problems by adopting novel behaviours. However, this raises the question of why these adaptations should evolve together in an animal. Here, we develop the argument that the adaptations enabling animals to innovate evolve together because they are jointly part of a life-history strategy for coping with environmental changes. In support of this claim, we present comparative evidence showing that in birds, (i) innovative propensity is linked to life histories that prioritize future over current reproduction, (ii) the link is in part explained by differences in brain size, and (iii) innovative propensity and life-history traits may evolve together in generalist species that frequently expose themselves to novel or unusual conditions. Combined with previous evidence, these findings suggest that innovativeness is not a specialized adaptation but more likely part of a broader general adaptive system to cope with changes in the environment.
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Krylova, I. F., and Victoria Andreevna Romanenko. "CINEMA AS ONE OF THE MAIN FORMS OF CONTEMPORARY ART." Globus: social sciences 7, no. 1(35) (May 19, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2713-3087-35-1-7.
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This article raises the problem of transposition (transposition) of the literary text of the verbal code into the language of cinema, which is relevant in modern linguistics. Within the framework of the presented research, the main stages of the development of cinematography, as well as the main techniques and types of editing, are described. The aim of the study is to analyze the historical stage in the development of a new type of art (cinema), its impact on society, as well as to analyze the relevance of such a phenomenon as the adaptation of a literary work of art. The relevance of addressing this topic is due to the development of modern filmmaking, the number of film adaptations that have come out in recent years. The article describes the views on cinema and film adaptation by Umberto Eco and David Lynch, suggesting that the film adaptation of literary works is a new type of artistic creation that was born in the 20th century and requires more careful research. The article presents an analysis of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy «Anna Karenina», as well as the main world adaptations of the novel. The analysis is carried out in order to identify the main cultural similarities and differences. The paper presents analyzes of such methods of translating meanings as color and cut-off.
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Badyaev, Alexander V. "Evolutionary significance of phenotypic accommodation in novel environments: an empirical test of the Baldwin effect." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1520 (March 12, 2009): 1125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0285.
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When faced with changing environments, organisms rapidly mount physiological and behavioural responses, accommodating new environmental inputs in their functioning. The ubiquity of this process contrasts with our ignorance of its evolutionary significance: whereas within-generation accommodation of novel external inputs has clear fitness consequences, current evolutionary theory cannot easily link functional importance and inheritance of novel accommodations. One hundred and twelve years ago, J. M. Baldwin, H. F. Osborn and C. L. Morgan proposed a process (later termed the Baldwin effect) by which non-heritable developmental accommodation of novel inputs, which makes an organism fit in its current environment, can become internalized in a lineage and affect the course of evolution. The defining features of this process are initial overproduction of random (with respect to fitness) developmental variation, followed by within-generation accommodation of a subset of this variation by developmental or functional systems (‘organic selection’), ensuring the organism's fit and survival. Subsequent natural selection sorts among resultant developmental variants, which, if recurrent and consistently favoured, can be inherited when existing genetic variance includes developmental components of individual modifications or when the ability to accommodate novel inputs is itself heritable. Here, I show that this process is consistent with the origin of novel adaptations during colonization of North America by the house finch. The induction of developmental variation by novel environments of this species's expanding range was followed by homeostatic channelling, phenotypic accommodation and directional cross-generational transfer of a subset of induced developmental outcomes favoured by natural selection. These results emphasize three principal points. First, contemporary novel adaptations result mostly from reorganization of existing structures that shape newly expressed variation, giving natural selection an appearance of a creative force. Second, evolutionary innovations and maintenance of adaptations are different processes. Third, both the Baldwin and parental effects are probably a transient state in an evolutionary cycle connecting initial phenotypic retention of adaptive changes and their eventual genetic determination and, thus, the origin of adaptation and evolutionary change.
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Michaels, L. "James Griffith, Adaptations as Imitations: Films from Novels; Brian McFarlane, Novel to Film: an Introduction to the Theory of Adaptation." Screen 39, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/39.4.425.
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Stoddard, Mary Caswell, and Mark E. Hauber. "Colour, vision and coevolution in avian brood parasitism." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, no. 1724 (May 22, 2017): 20160339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0339.
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The coevolutionary interactions between avian brood parasites and their hosts provide a powerful system for investigating the diversity of animal coloration. Specifically, reciprocal selection pressure applied by hosts and brood parasites can give rise to novel forms and functions of animal coloration, which largely differ from those that arise when selection is imposed by predators or mates. In the study of animal colours, avian brood parasite–host dynamics therefore invite special consideration. Rapid advances across disciplines have paved the way for an integrative study of colour and vision in brood parasite–host systems. We now know that visually driven host defences and host life history have selected for a suite of phenotypic adaptations in parasites, including mimicry, crypsis and supernormal stimuli. This sometimes leads to vision-based host counter-adaptations and increased parasite trickery. Here, we review vision-based adaptations that arise in parasite–host interactions, emphasizing that these adaptations can be visual/sensory, cognitive or phenotypic in nature. We highlight recent breakthroughs in chemistry, genomics, neuroscience and computer vision, and we conclude by identifying important future directions. Moving forward, it will be essential to identify the genetic and neural bases of adaptation and to compare vision-based adaptations to those arising in other sensory modalities. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Animal coloration: production, perception, function and application’.
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Mejdell, Gunvor. "Nattfuglene > Night Birds > Ṭuyūr al-layl." Translation and Interpreting Studies 6, no. 1 (June 23, 2011): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.6.1.02mej.
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The Norwegian children’s novel Nattfuglene was translated into Arabic Ṭuyūr al-layl via English The Night Birds. In the process, adaptations were made, reflecting translators’ domesticating or foreignizing strategies. The article addresses these adaptations, the role of the relay version, and what appears to be ‘culture context adaptations’ with regard to sensitive issues in the Arab target culture.
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Rooy, Ronald de. "Divine Comics." European Comic Art 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2017.100108.
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Dante’s multifaceted cultural reception includes many comics adaptations. Against the background of a strong tradition of illustrating and visualising Dante, this article proposes a comparative analysis of significant contemporary comics adaptations from Europe and the United States. Recent European Dante comics generally adopt largely reverent modes of illustration, showing less aggressive forms of adaptation than their US counterparts. The text of Dante’s poem remains of great importance, and artists often refer to certain traditional milestones in Dante’s visual reception. American Dante comics are more firmly rooted in popular culture, adopting reductive adaptation methods to a greater extent, and are frequently embedded in transmedial constellations. Where the highbrow European tradition of Dante’s visual reception does shine through, it is always with strong ironic undertones. Especially interesting in this respect are the toy theatre/puppet movie Dante’s Inferno directed by Sean Meredith, Seymour Chwast’s graphic novel The Divine Comedy and the popular video game Dante’s Inferno.
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Spingarn, Adena. "WHEN UNCLE TOM DIDN'T DIE: THE ANTISLAVERY POLITICS OF H. J. CONWAY'S UNCLE TOM'S CABIN." Theatre Survey 53, no. 2 (August 28, 2012): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557412000051.
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Although Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin is widely credited with helping turn the nation against slavery and hastening the Civil War, the theatrical productions based on her novel have precisely the opposite reputation. Many scholars believe that despite the initial antislavery influence of George L. Aiken's 1852 dramatization, the Uncle Tom plays rapidly degraded, becoming more harmful than helpful to African Americans. The plays are also frequently blamed for turning Uncle Tom, the heroic Christian martyr of Stowe's novel, into the submissive race traitor his name connotes today. The “process of vulgarization” that afflicted the Uncle Tom's Cabin dramas is said to have begun almost immediately, with the 1852 premiere of H. J. Conway's adaptation. Today, Conway's version is widely designated a pro-Southern or compromise dramatization of Uncle Tom's Cabin, especially compared to Aiken's influential adaptation, which is considered to have the strongest antislavery message of the many adaptations and to be the most faithful to Stowe's novel.
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Eliseeva, Aleksandra V. "PARTIAL FILM ADAPTATIONS OF ALFRED DÖBLIN’S NOVEL “BERLIN ALEXANDERPLATZ” IN RAINER WERNER FASSBINDER’S EARLY FILMS." Practices & Interpretations: A Journal of Philology, Teaching and Cultural Studies 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2415-8852-2020-3-58-79.
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The film “Berlin Alexanderplatz” by Rainer Werner Fassbinder is considered to be one of the most famous literary fi lm adaptations in the fi lm history. Extensive research literature has been devoted to its study. Much less researched is the infl uence of Döblin’s novel on other works of the fi lmmaker. Th e article deals with taking over the elements of the novel “Berlin Alexanderplatz” into Fassbinder’s early fi lms. Fassbinder has borrowed constellations, plots, topoi especially those dealing with gender issues from the novel by Döblin for his fi lms “Love Is Colder Th an Death” (1969), “Gods of the Plague” (1970) and “Rio das Mortes” (1971). In the aforementioned fi lms, as in Döblin’s novel, triangular relationships are represented, the women exchange is practiced, the misogynistic protagonists exert violence against the female characters, and the woman appears as a festive link, as a copula between the men. In these fi lms, ‘Mannerbund’ in the form of criminal organizations plays an important role. Quotations and borrowings from Döblin’s novel in Fassbinder’s fi lms create a special kind of intermediality relations that diff er from fi lm adaptation in the narrow sense of the word. Following Achim von Haag the term “partial adaptation” is used here as an intensive reception of narrative structures of the literary text on the one hand and their strong modifi cation on the other.
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Natterson-Horowitz, Barbara, Basil M. Baccouche, Jennifer Mary Head, Tejas Shivkumar, Mads Frost Bertelsen, Christian Aalkjær, Morten H. Smerup, Olujimi A. Ajijola, Joseph Hadaya, and Tobias Wang. "Did giraffe cardiovascular evolution solve the problem of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?" Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoab016.
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Abstract The evolved adaptations of other species can be a source of insight for novel biomedical innovation. Limitations of traditional animal models for the study of some pathologies are fueling efforts to find new approaches to biomedical investigation. One emerging approach recognizes the evolved adaptations in other species as possible solutions to human pathology. The giraffe heart, for example, appears resistant to pathology related to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)—a leading form of hypertension-associated cardiovascular disease in humans. Here, we postulate that the physiological pressure-induced left ventricular thickening in giraffes does not result in the pathological cardiovascular changes observed in humans with hypertension. The mechanisms underlying this cardiovascular adaptation to high blood pressure in the giraffe may be a bioinspired roadmap for preventive and therapeutic strategies for human HFpEF.