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1

Nakouti, Ismini. "Iron binding compounds produced by novel Actinomycetes." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2008. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5868/.

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2

Yallop, C. "The isolation and characterisation of novel acidophilic thermoactinomyces isolates." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240951.

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3

Pimentel, Elardo Sheila Marie. "Novel anti-infective secondary metabolites and biosynthetic gene clusters from actinomycetes associated with marine sponges." Doctoral thesis, kostenfrei, 2008. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40463.

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Marine sponges (Porifera) harbor diverse microbial communities within their mesohyl, among them representatives of the phylum Actinobacteria, commonly known as actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are prolific producers of pharmacologically important compounds and are responsible for producing the majority of antibiotics. The main aim of this Ph.D. study was to investigate the metabolic potential of the sponge-associated actinomycetes to produce novel anti-infective agents. The first aim was to cultivate actinomycetes derived from different marine sponges. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the strains belonged to diverse actinomycete genera such as Gordonia, Isoptericola, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora and Streptomyces. Phylogenetic analyses and polyphasic characterization further revealed that two of these strains represent new species, namely Saccharopolyspora cebuensis strain SPE 10-1T (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008a) and Streptomyces axinellae strain Pol001T (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008b). Furthermore, secondary metabolite production of the actinomycete strains was investigated. The metabolites were isolated using a bioassay-guided purification scheme followed by structure elucidation using spectroscopic methods and subjected to an elaborate anti-infective screening panel. Several interesting compounds were isolated namely, the novel polyketides cebulactam A1 and A2 (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008c), a family of tetromycin compounds including novel derivatives, cyclodepsipeptide valinomycin, indolocarbazole staurosporine, diketopiperazine cycloisoleucylprolyl and butenolide. These compounds exhibited significant anti-parasitic as well as protease inhibitory activities. The third aim of this Ph.D. study was to identify biosynthetic gene clusters encoding for nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and polyketide synthases (PKS) present in the actinomycete strains. Genomic library construction and sequencing revealed insights into the metabolic potential and biosynthetic pathways of selected strains. An interesting NRPS system detected in Streptomyces sp. strain Aer003 was found to be widely distributed in several sponge species, in an ascidian and in seawater and is postulated to encode for a large peptide molecule. Sequencing of the PKS gene cluster of Saccharopolyspora cebuensis strain SPE 10-1T allowed the prediction of the cebulactam biosynthetic pathway which utilizes 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid as the starter unit followed by successive condensation steps involving methylmalonyl extender units and auxiliary domains responsible for the polyketide assembly. In conclusion, this Ph.D. study has shown that diverse actinomycete genera are associated with marine sponges. The strains, two of them novel species, produced diverse chemical structures with interesting anti-infective properties. Lastly, the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters identified in this study substantiates the biosynthetic potential of actinomycetes to produce exploitable natural products and hopefully provides a sustainable supply of anti-infective compounds
Zahlreiche marine Schwämme (Phylum: Porifera) beherbergen eine phylogenetisch diverse mikrobielle Gemeinschaft in der Mesohyl-Matrix, darunter auch viele Vertreter des bakteriellen Phylums Actinobacteria, die umgangssprachlich als Actinomyceten bekannt sind. Actinomyceten sind wichtige Produzenten vieler Antibiotika und von weiteren pharmazeutisch relevanten Substanzen. Das Hauptziel dieser Promotionsarbeit war die Untersuchung des Potentials Schwamm-assoziierter Actinomyceten zur Produktion neuer Infektions-hemmender Substanzen. Ein erstes Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit war die Kultivierung von Actinomyceten aus verschiedenen marinen Schwammarten. Die Sequenzierung der respektiven 16S rRNA Gene zeigte eine phylogenetische Zugehörigkeit der Isolate zu verschiedenen Actinomyceten-Familien, wie Gordonia, Isoptericola, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora und Streptomyces. Durch phylogenetische Analysen und umfangreiche taxonomische Charakterisierungen konnten zwei neue Actinomyceten-Arten, Saccharopolyspora cebuensis strain SPE 10-1T (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008a) und Streptomyces axinellae strain Pol001T (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008b) beschrieben werden. Des Weiteren sollten die Actinomyceten-Isolate auf die Produktion von Sekundär-Metaboliten hin untersucht werden. Die Substanzen wurden „bioassay-guided“ aufgereinigt und isoliert sowie deren Struktur mittels spektroskopischer Methoden aufgeklärt. Anschließend wurden die Substanzen ausführlichen Screening-Methoden unterzogen, um sie auf anti-infektive Wirkungen hin zu untersuchen. Zahlreiche interessante Verbindungen konnten so isoliert werden, u. a. die neuen Polyketide Cebulactam A1 und A2 (Pimentel-Elardo et al. 2008c); eine Familie von Tetromycin-Substanzen inklusive neuartiger Derivative; das Cyclodepsipeptid Valinomycin, Indolocarbazole Staurosporine, Diketopiperazine Cycloisoleucylprolyl und Butenolide. Die Verbindungen zeigten signifikante anti-parasitische und Protease-hemmende Aktivitäten. Das dritte Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die für nicht-ribosomale Peptidsynthetasen (NRPS) und Polyketidsynthasen (PKS) kodierenden, biosynthetischen Gen-Cluster in den Actinomyceten-Isolaten zu identifizieren. Die Konstruktion von Genbanken sowie die Sequenzierung ausgewählter Cosmidklone lieferte erste Einblicke in das Stoffwechsel- und Biosynthesepotential ausgewählter Isolate. Beispielsweise konnte ein interessantes NRPS-System in Streptomyces sp. Stamm Aer003 identifiziert werden, welches in verschiedenen Schwammarten, einer Ascidienart sowie im Meerwasser gefunden wurde. Die Sequenzierung eines PKS-Genclusters aus Saccharopolyspora cebuensis strain SPE 10-1T ermöglicht die Voraussage des Cebulactam-Biosynthesewegs in dem 3-Amino-5-Hydroxybenzoesäure als Ausgangsprodukt dient, welches durch sukzessive Kondensationsschritte sowie Verlängerungen durch Methylmalonyl- und Zusatzdomänen zum endgültigen Polyketid führen. Zusammenfassend konnte in dieser Promotionsarbeit gezeigt werden, dass marine Schwämme mit diversen Vertretern aus verschiedenen Familien der Actinomyceten assoziiert sind. Die Bakterienisolate, von denen zwei neue Arten repräsentieren, produzierten mehrere chemische Substanzen mit interessanten anti-infektiven Eigenschaften. Des Weiteren konnte mit dieser Arbeit durch die Identifizierung von Biosynthese-Genclustern das Potential von Actinomyceten zur Produktion verwertbarer bioaktiver Substanzen bekräftigt und somit ein Beitrag zur Entdeckung neuer anti-infektiver Substanzen erbracht werden
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4

Hilberath, Thomas [Verfasser], Vlada B. [Gutachter] Urlacher, and Martina [Gutachter] Pohl. "Identification and characterization of novel cytochromes P450 from actinomycetes / Thomas Hilberath ; Gutachter: Vlada B. Urlacher, Martina Pohl." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235755843/34.

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5

Ray, Pushpanjali. "Search for novel actinomycetes from soil as potential biocontrol agent against fungal root pathogens of phaseolus vulgaris (L.) vigna radiata(L.)." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/hdl.handle.net/123456789/2575.

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6

Cheng, Cheng [Verfasser], and Ute [Gutachter] Hentschel. "Metabolomics and dereplication-based isolation of novel bioactive natural products from marine sponge-associated actinomycetes / Cheng Cheng ; Gutachter: Ute Hentschel." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1137467703/34.

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7

Carlsohn, Marc René [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Munder, Hans Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Saluz, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Goodfellow. "Isolation and characterization of mine-dwelling actinomycetes as potential producers of novel bioactive secondary metabolites / Marc René Carlsohn. Gutachter: Thomas Munder ; Hans Peter Saluz ; Michael Goodfellow." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017078912/34.

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8

Wong, Hiu-ling Beatrice. "Characterization of a novel actinomyces species discovered in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971313.

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9

黃曉靈 and Hiu-ling Beatrice Wong. "Characterization of a novel actinomyces species discovered in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971313.

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10

PAN, CHENGQIAN. "Discovery of Novel Bioactive Compounds from a Rare Actinomycete Amycolatopsis sp. 26-4." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259019.

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11

Haansuu, Johannes Pasi. "Demethyl (C-11) cezomycin : a novel calcimycin antibiotic from the symbiotic, N2-fixing actinomycete Frankia." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/bioti/vk/haansuu/.

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12

Mavengere, Natasha R. "Isolation, identification and characterization of novel actinomycetes from Antarctic soil samples." Thesis, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5920_1262903724.

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The aim of this project is to characterise novel psychrotrophic actinomycetes isolated from Antarctic Dry Valley soils and to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites produced by these actinomycetes.

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13

Mavengere, Natasha Robertha. "Isolation, identification and characterisation of novel actinobacteria from Zambian hot-springs." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3635.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Actinomycetes are ubiquitous in many environments such as soil, activated sludge and water.Besides the genus Streptomyces, which has been extensively exploited, members of other genera including Micromonospora have been shown to be a promising source of novel secondary metabolites and enzymes.The biocatalytic conversion of 5-monosubstituted hydantoin derivatives to optically pure amino acids involves two reaction steps. The first step, catalysed by a hydantoinase, yields an N-carbamylamino acid intermediate, which is subsequently broken down by an Ncarbamoylase to the amino acid. This process has been successfully applied in industry for the production of optically pure amino acids which are used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals,insecticides, hormones, and food additives. The need for novel hydantoinases to hydrolyse a wider variety of substrates is increasing. This thesis describes the search for a novel hydantoinase from environmental isolates obtained from two Zambian hot-springs. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterise and screen novel actinobacteria for industrially relevant enzymes including hydantoinases. Fifty one actinobacteria were isolated. Isolates were characterized by a polyphasic approach using standard methods, combining phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterization. Results revealed that these sites were dominated by actinobacteria belonging to the family Micromonosporaceae, and a potentially novel Verrucosispora species was identified. Screening the isolate identified a Streptomyces species which has hydantoinase, carbamoylase, amidase and nitrilase activities.The Streptomyces sp. hydantionase was cloned and functionally expressed in E.coli. The recombinant enzyme showed 49 % similarity to a crystallised hydantoinase from a Bacillus species. Homology modelling revealed that the enzyme had the TIM barrel topology which is characteristic of hydantoinases. Amino acid residues predicted to be involved in the catalytic activity as well as substrate orientation were identified. The partially purified hydantoinase was characterised and showed optimally activity at 45 °C and pH 8. This study revealed that hot springs may represent a previously unexplored source of novel actinobacterial diversity. However, it also revealed that novel secondary metabolites are not only limited to novel organisms but that some of the answers for the challenges we face today maybe found in organisms we have already encountered and characterised.
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14

Cheng, Cheng. "Metabolomics and dereplication-based isolation of novel bioactive natural products from marine sponge-associated actinomycetes." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-136587.

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Marine sponge-associated actinomycetes are considered as promising source for the discovery of novel biologically active compounds. Metabolomics coupled multivariate analysis can efficiently reduce the chemical redundancy of re-isolating known compounds at the very early stage of natural product discovery. This Ph.D. project aimed to isolate biologically active secondary metabolites from actinomycetes associated with different Mediterranean sponges with the assistance of metabolomics tools to implement a rapid dereplication and chemically distinct candidate targeting for further up-scaling compounds isolation. This study first focused on the recovery of actinomycetes from marine sponges by various cultivation efforts. Twelve different media and two separate pre-treatments of each bacterial extract were designed and applied to facilitate actinomycete diversity and richness. A total of 64 actinomycetes were isolated from 12 different marine sponge species. The isolates were affiliated to 23 genera representing 8 different suborders based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Four putatively novel species belonging to the genera Geodermatophilus, Microlunatus, Rhodococcus, and Actinomycetospora were identified based on a sequence similarity <98.5% to validly described 16S rRNA gene sequences. 20% of the isolated actinomycetes was shown to exhibit diverse biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-Bacillus sp., anti-Aspergillus sp., and antitrypanosomal activities. The metabolomics approaches combined with the bioassay results identified two candidate strains Streptomyces sp. SBT348 and Streptomyces sp. SBT345 for further up-scaling cultivation and compounds isolation. Four compounds were isolated from Streptomyces sp. SBT348. Three of these compounds including the new cyclic dipeptide petrocidin A were previously highlighted in the metabolomics analyses, corroborating the feasibility of metabolomics approaches in novel compounds discovery. These four compounds were also tested against two pathogen microorganisms since the same activities were shown in their crude extract in the preliminary bioassay screening, however none of them displayed the expected activities, which may ascribe to the insufficient amount obtained. Streptomyces sp. SBT345 yielded 5 secondary metabolites, three of which were identified as new natural products, namely strepthonium A, ageloline A and strepoxazine A. Strepthonium A inhibited the production of Shiga toxin produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli at a concentration of 80 μM, without interfering with the bacterial growth. Ageloline A exhibited antioxidant activity and inhibited the inclusion of Chlamydia trachomatis with an IC50 value of 9.54 ± 0.36 μM. Strepoxazine A displayed antiproliferative property towards human promyelocytic HL-60 cells with an IC50 value of 16 μg/ml. 11 These results highlighted marine sponges as a rich source for novel actinomycetes and further exhibited the significance of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes as promising producers of novel biologically active compounds. The chemometrics coupled metabolomics approach also demonstrated its feasibility and efficacy in natural product discovery
Schwamm-assoziierte Actinomyceten stellen eine vielversprechende Quelle für die Entdeckung neuer, biologisch aktiver Verbindungen dar. Metabolomik gekoppelte multivariate Datenalyse kann die erneute Isolation bekannter chemischer Verbindungen in einem frühen Stadium drastisch reduzieren und der Entdeckung neuer Naturstoffe dadurch effizienter machen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, biologisch aktive Sekundärmetabolite aus Actinomyceten, welche mit Mittelmeerschwämmen assoziiert sind, zu isolieren. Mithilfe von Werkzeugen aus der Metabolomik soll eine schnelle Dereplikation sowie gezielte Auswahl an chemischen Verbindungen implementiert werden um diese nachfolgend und in hohem Durchsatz isolieren zu können. Diese Promotions-Arbeit konzentriert sich zunächst auf die Isolation von Actinomyceten aus marinen Schwämmen mittels verschiedener Kultivierungsmethoden. Zwölf verschiedene Medien sowie zwei unterschiedliche Vorbehandlungen der bakteriellen Extrakte wurden angewendet, um die Kultivierung diverser Actinomyceten zu ermöglichen. Insgesamt konnten damit 64 Actinomyceten aus 12 unterschiedlichen Schwämmen isoliert worden. Mithilfe der Sequenzierung von 16S rRNA Sequenzen konnten diese bakteriellen Isolate 23 Gattungen und 8 Unterordnungen zugewiesen werden. Aufgrund von Sequenzähnlichkeiten <98.5% wurden 4 neue Arten identifiziert, welche zu den folgenden Gattungen gehören: Geodermatophilus, Microlunatus, Rhodococcus and Actinomycetospora. 20% der isolierten Actinomyceten wurde gezeigt, die verschiedene biologische Eigenschaften aufweisen, einschließlich antixocidativer, antibakterieller, Fungiziden Eigenschaften sowie ihrer anti- Trypanosomen -Aktivitäten. Mithilfe metabolomischer Methoden und Bioassays konnten zwei bakterielle Stämme, Streptomyces sp. SBT348 und Streptomyces sp. SBT345, für deren Kultivierung und Isolierung chemischer Verbindung identifiziert werden. Aus dem Stamm Streptomyces sp. SBT348 konnten vier neue Verbindungen isoliert werden, darunter ein neues, zyklisches Dipeptid Petrocidin A. Drei dieser Verbindungen, einschließlich Petrocidin A, wurden bei der Datenanalyse der Metabolomik hervorgehoben. Das bestätigte die Durchführbarkeit metabolomischer Methoden für die Entdeckung neuer Verbindungen. Allerdings zeigte keine Verbindung die erwarteten Aktivitäten. Das könnte darauf zurückgeführt werden, dass die erhaltenen Mengen unzureichend waren. In Streptomyces sp. SBT345 konnten fünf Sekundärmetabolite identifiziert werden, von welchen drei - Strepthonium A, Ageloline A und Strepoxazine A - als neue Naturstoffe identifiziert werden konnten. Durch Strepthonium A in einer Konzentration von 80 µM konnte die Produktion des Shiga-Toxins in Escherichia coli gehemmt werden, ohne dessen bakterielles Wachstum zu beeinflussen. Ageloline A wirkte antioxidativ und hemmte Chlamydia trachomatis mit einem IC50 Wert von 9.54 ± 0.36 µM. Strepoxazine A zeigte eine wachstumshemmende Wirkung gegenüber HL-60 Zellen (humane Promyelozytenleukämie-Zellen) bei einem IC50 Wert von 16 µg/ml. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass marine Schwämme viele bisher unbekannte Actinomyceten beherbergen. Diesen Actinomyceten ist eine hohe Bedeutung beizumessen, da sie eine vielversprechende Quelle für neue, biologisch aktive Verbindungen darstellen. Es konnte ebenfalls gezeigt werden, dass der methodische Ansatz via chemometrischer und metabolomischer Methoden gut durchführbar und effizient ist und daher für die Entdeckung von Naturstoffen sehr gut geeignet ist
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15

Pimentel, Elardo Sheila Marie [Verfasser]. "Novel anti-infective secondary metabolites and biosynthetic gene clusters from actinomycetes associated with marine sponges = Neue anti-infektive Sekundärmetabolite und biosynthetische Gencluster aus mit marinen Schwämmen assoziierten Actinomyceten / submitted by Sheila Marie Pimentel Elardo." 2008. http://d-nb.info/999453106/34.

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16

Schuhmann, Tim. "Untersuchungen zur Biosynthese und Aktivität ausgewählter Plecomakrolide sowie chemisches Screening von Actinomyceten." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AE9C-8.

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