Journal articles: 'Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France'

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Glorennec, Philippe, Aurélia Azema, Séverine Durand, Sophie Ayrault, and Barbara Le Bot. "The Isotopic Signature of Lead Emanations during the Fire at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 5420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105420.

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When Notre Dame de Paris cathedral caught fire on 15 April 2019, lead particles were deposited in its surroundings. Our objective was to determine whether the lead plume had a homogeneous isotopic signature (i.e., a set of homogenous isotopic ratios), and whether, if so, this was different from common sources. In January 2020, dust samples were collected from six areas inside the cathedral, downwind of the fire, as well as from eight roof debris fragments. These samples were mineralized and analyzed using ICP-MS. Their isotopic ratios (207Pb/206Pb and 206Pb/204Pb) were determined and then compared both to each other and to previous published ratios measured in home dusts and blood samples collected in France. The isotopic ratios of dust samples collected inside the cathedral were compatible with each other and with the roof fragments. These isotopic ratios are common and differ neither from those of many other dusts collected in France during the period 2008–2009, nor from those of blood samples collected from children in France during the same period. Moreover, the fire’s isotopic signature is close to the overall signature for Paris. Indeed, it would be difficult to attribute the fire at the cathedral to either lead poisoning or environmental contamination.

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Everist, Mark. "From Paris to St. Andrews: The Origins of W1." Journal of the American Musicological Society 43, no. 1 (1990): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/831405.

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Recent research has suggested that W1 may have been copied in St. Andrews in the 1240s. Very little attempt has been made to understand why or how the virtuoso polyphony associated with the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris came to be cultivated so far from home. The article argues for a redating of the manuscript in the 1230s and therefore rejects the suggestion that the interest in polyphonic music was generated by Bishop David Bernham (in office from 1239-1253) and points to his predecessor, Guillaume Mauvoisin (1202-1238) as the agency by which Parisian music was transmitted from Paris to St. Andrews. Mauvoisin's career is reconstructed with particular attention to his contacts with France and his exposure to the music of the so-called Notre-Dame school. It is concluded that a member of Mauvoisin's familia, perhaps Mauvoisin himself, provided the driving force for the promotion of Parisian polyphony at St. Andrews as a result of the discovery of that repertory during travels in France in the first quarter of the thirteenth century.

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Paszkowski, Zbigniew W., and Magdalena Balcerzak. "FIRE PROTECTION IN RELIGIOUS MONUMENTS: ON THE EXAMPLE OF NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS AND THE CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL IN NANTES, FRANCE." Space&FORM 2023, no. 54 (June 22, 2023): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2023.54.b-01.

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The cases of the fires of Notre-Dame in Paris and St Peter and St Paul in Nantes present the effects of the gradual neglect of monument conservation and their impact on a decrease in safety. The causes and consequences of the fires were described. Differences in the methods of technical protection and reconstruction after a fire have been specified. It was reported that in the Cathedral in Nantes, the wooden truss was replaced with a concrete one, whereas in Notre-Dame the original truss will be recreated. The need to select fire protection and reconstruction methods on a case-bycase basis and use comprehensive fire-resistance systems was indicated.

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Pruden, Meredith L. "For Whom the Bell Tolls: Memeing French Landscape on Instagram." Vista, no. 5 (December 31, 2019): 149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/vista.3044.

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On the evening of April 15, 2019, hoary plumes of smoke erupted from Notre-Dame Cathedral and rolled across the rooftops of the Ile de la Cité in Paris, France. World leaders expressed their condolences over the loss, and many experts publicly warned that, though it can be rebuilt, the 12th-century monument to Catholicism will never “be the same”. By the end of the next day, cathedral bells tolled across the city in honor of the devastating fire and hundreds of millions in euros already had been pledged, with the uber-wealthy leading the way. In the days that followed the fire, the fire and fundraising efforts garnered a veritable tempest of media coverage and ignited a social media fervor. The hashtag #NotreDameFire trended on Twitter, spread virally across Facebook and, to date, has garnered almost 22,000 posts on Instagram. Much of this online popular discourse has not been as kind and can be read as a form of political struggle around the meaning and identity of Notre-Dame waged on the digital archive of Instagram. This article examines the #NotreDameFire hashtag on Instagram, reading the associated visuals through the framework set out by Cara A. Finnegan in Making Photography Matter: A Viewer’s History from the Civil War to the Great Depression. It considers Finnegan’s presence, character, appropriation and magnitude in the context of Instagram as an archive of, in this case, both site and sight of one imperial landscape — Notre-Dame Cathedral.

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Lu, Ke, Chaoyang Zhang, Jiahao Li, and MingDer Jean. "Virtual Reality for the Visualised-Guided Tours of the Notre Dame Museum in Paris." International Journal of Social Sciences and Artistic Innovations 4, no. 3 (July 10, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35745/ijssai2024v04.03.0001.

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This study aims to explore the application of virtual reality technology for visualization in museums, using Notre Dame de Paris, France, as an example. It is more rich in scenes, more interactive graphics, and other visualizations, which enables viewers to enjoy the reconstructed Notre Dame online with the best audio-visual effects. We used the Likert scale research method for a survey. The questionnaire was administered to 15 students and 15 experts for basic information collection and experience feedback. Using data statistics and qualitative analysis, the effectiveness of the guided tours was validated. The result showed that VR museum tours were supported with great potential. Its more interactive guided tour experience enhanced the audience's experience and improved their understanding and interest in history and culture. Virtual reality technology was successfully applied to guide NDDP by providing a richer and more interactive guided experience and promote the cultural heritage and development of the cathedral. The research result provides a reference and inspiration for the future development of guided tours of museums.

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Kluczewska-Wójcik, Agnieszka. "“Inner light” Stained glass in contemporary French sacred art – an overview." Sacrum et Decorum 15 (2022): 110–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/setde.2022.15.6.

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In the 1920s, a movement of revival of sacred art began in France, which also included stained glass. Its revival was associated with a departure from the illusionistic character of stained glass of the 19 th century and a reference to monumentalism and the spiritual tradition of the Middle Ages. The search for a new concept of stained glass, both in its ideological and technological aspects, resulted in the creation of “artists’ stained glass” (vitraux d’artistes), realised from the middle of the 20 th century on official commissions, thanks to the cooperation of ecclesiastical institutions and state authorities, which acquired a firm legal and financial basis in the 1980s. The stages of this evolution were marked by stained glass ensembles designed by the masters of the post-war avant-garde: G. Rouault and J. Bazaine in Notre Dame de Toute Grâce on the plateau Assy (1937–1946); H. Matisse for Notre Dame du Rosaire in Vence (1940); A. Manessier in Saint Michel in Les Bréseux with the first abstract stained-glass windows (1948); F. Léger, J. Bazaine and J. Le Moal in the interior of Sacré-Coeur in Audincourt, (1949–1951); Le Corbusier in Notre Dame in Ronchamp (1951–1955) and the modern stained glass of J. Villon, R. Bissière and M. Chagall, which was introduced for the first time to a world-class monument of architecture, the Cathedral of Saint-Étienne in Metz (1955). The restoration of the Cathedral of Saint-Cyr et Sainte-Julitte in Nevers provided an opportunity for representatives of the younger generation: R. Ubac, C. Viallat, J.M. Alberola, G. Honegger and F. Rouan (1973–2011), to showcase their vision of stained glass painting. With the exception of Alberola, all were associated with the non-figurative trends that had been developing since the 1950s. The same trend referring to the Cistercian tradition included the outstanding realisations of J.P. Raynaud in Noirlac (1975–1977), P. Soulages in Conques (1986), J. Ricardon in Acey (1991–1994) and A. Nemours, a representative of the Art Concret movement, at Salagon (1998). The return to figuration found a continuation in the projects of G. Garouste for Notre Dame de Talant (1996–1997), C. Benzaken for Saint-Sulpice in Varennes-Jarcy (1991–2007), M. Raysse, associated with the Nouveau Réalisme movement, for Notre-Dame de l’Arche d’Alliance in Paris (1986–1998) and G. Collin-Thiébaut for Saint Gatien in Tours (2010–2013). The creators of vitraux d’artistes accepted the prescribed programmatic framework without giving up their freedom of choice in means of expression and aesthetic conventions. Thanks to the research and creativity of the artists – the introduction of innovative technological processes or a new interpretation of traditional materials and craft methods – but also the courage of the ecclesiastical and, above all, state commissioners, French stained glass has fully integrated itself into the evolution of contemporary visual expression.

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MEWS, CONSTANT J. "Jerome of Moray: a Scottish Dominican and the evolution of Parisian music theory 1220–1280." Plainsong and Medieval Music 31, no. 2 (October 2022): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0961137122000092.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines the Tractatus de musica of Jerome of Moray (‘de Moravia’), affirming his Scottish identity, as proposed by Michel Huglo in 1994. It argues that the Tractatus de musica presents an important overview of Parisian music theory in the thirteenth century, relating to both chant and mensurable music in that century, because it combines the views of several generations: the Positio discantus vulgaris, which he says was used ‘among the nations’; the De mensurabili musica of John of Garland, who corrected its deficiencies; and the treatises of Franco of Cologne and Petrus Picardus. It considers Jerome's career in three phases: his exposure to music and music theory in Scotland; his studies in Paris, most likely under John of Garland, perhaps at the cathedral school of Notre-Dame; and his involvement in the liturgical reforms within the Dominican Order, implemented by its Master, Humbert of Romans in 1256. Rather than assigning Franco's Ars cantus mensurabilis to 1280 (as proposed by Wolf Frobenius) and Jerome's Tractatus to sometime after this, I suggest that Jerome was exposed to John of Garland's teaching in the 1240s and that the Franconian system may have started to gain ground in the 1250s. Jerome compiled his Tractatus over a period of time, adding an excerpt about cosmic music from the commentary of Thomas Aquinas on Aristotle's De caelo perhaps as early as 1271 or 1272, in response to the criticisms of John of Garland and his followers being made by Johannes de Grocheio.

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Witcher, T. R. "Still Standing: Cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris." Civil Engineering Magazine Archive 89, no. 6 (June 2019): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/ciegag.0001398.

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Artemyeva, Tatyana, and Varvara Gerasenkova. "Notre-Dame de Paris through the centuries." Innovative Project 9, no. 15 (June 5, 2024): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/ip.2024.9.15.1.

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The article examines the significance of stylistic changes in the architecture of Notre Dame Cathedral over the course of centuries of history, the events associated with these changes, and their consideration through the prism of modern legislation on the preservation of cultural heritage.

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Heyman, Jacques. "Viewpoint: The fire at Notre-Dame cathedral." Structural Engineer 97, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/ayjc9569.

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Following the recent fire at Notre-Dame de Paris, Professor Jacques Heyman discusses the construction of the cathedral and considers some of the questions that will arise in agreeing an approach to repair.

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Gallet, Yves. "Après l’incendie. Notre-Dame de Paris : bilan, réflexions, perspectives." Bulletin Monumental 177, no. 3 (2019): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bulmo.2019.13750.

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The conflagration on 15 April 2019 was the worst catastrophe suffered by the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris since its construction in the twelfth century. Because of the immense fame of the monument, the emotion shook the planet. Commentaries and rumors proliferated, sometimes to the detriment of properly verified information, and all this well before the results of the police inquest into the causes, the extent of the damage, and the state of the monument were rendered public, as well as the place of the cathedral in the history of Gothic art and the range of solutions possible for the replacement of the timberwork, etc. It has been deemed essential that for the readers of the Bulletin monumental a judicious state of the question be given concerning what was destroyed by the fire, the current state of the masonry, and the perspectives and challenges that face both those responsible for the reconstruction and scholars who will deal with the cathedral in the future.

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Van Liefferinge, Stefaan. "The Hemicycle of Notre-Dame of Paris: Gothic Design and Geometrical Knowledge in the Twelfth Century." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 69, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 490–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2010.69.4.490.

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The Hemicycle of Notre-Dame of Paris: Gothic Design and Geometrical Knowledge in the Twelfth Century analyzes how the layout of four plinths in the hemicycle of Notre-Dame of Paris reflects the state of mathematical knowledge at the time of the first construction phases of the cathedral in the early 1160s. During the first half of the twelfth century, building enterprise was paired with intellectual activity in Paris, where architects experimented with a new building style——Gothic——and scholars explained geometry in treatises. Stefaan Van Liefferinge reconstructs the mathematics used by the Gothic builders at Notre-Dame, notes its resemblance to the geometry of the Parisian scholars, and suggests that this similarity points to either the exchange of knowledge or a common origin.

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Lassak, Marshall. "Mathematical Lens: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France." Mathematics Teacher 101, no. 2 (September 2007): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.101.2.0099.

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Hanussek, Benjamin. "Ubisoft’s Notre-Dame." Loading 16, no. 26 (May 9, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1111257ar.

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In 2019, the Notre-Dame de Paris was devastated by a fire. The importance of the Notre-Dame as world heritage was underlined by the countless contributions, donations and solidarity all around the world that pledged to help to rebuild the cathedral. Among all contributions Ubisoft’s idea to offer its game Assassin's Creed: Unity for free to the public was arguably most celebrated as innovative and creative measure to secure heritage in case of its destruction. This case opens up new perspectives and roles of heritage management as also the development and distribution of video games in the twenty first century. The case of Ubisoft’s Notre-Dame is discussed in this paper under a comparative analysis to the game Never Alone and a critical inquiry towards the benefits, consequences and repercussions of the growing importance of synchronising heritage protection with video game production. Also, the perceptive aspect of connecting to heritage as player through a game and its spatial aspects will be explained under Chapman’s concept of narrative gardens.

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GROSS, GUILLAUME. "Organum at Notre-Dame in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries: rhetoric in words and music." Plainsong and Medieval Music 15, no. 2 (August 30, 2006): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0961137106000349.

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This article investigates the methods of elaboration used in making organum at the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Its aim is to show how and why tripla and quadrupla came to be composed as an expression of their cultural context and to investigate conditions determining the elaboration of these virtuosic pieces destined for the celebration of the greatest feasts in the new cathedral.

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Roussel, R., and L. De Luca. "AN APPROACH TO BUILD A COMPLETE DIGITAL REPORT OF THE NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL AFTER THE FIRE, USING THE AIOLI PLATFORM." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-M-2-2023 (June 26, 2023): 1359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-m-2-2023-1359-2023.

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Abstract. With the development of digital technologies in the documentation methods for cultural and architectural heritage, platforms and tools have emerged as solutions to collect, manage and produce data for multidisciplinary monitoring and studying purposes. In the context of an incident such as the fire of the Notre-Dame de Paris in April 2019, the considerable mobilization of the architects, scientists and researchers, has led the "digital data" working group to conceive a digital ecosystem capable to collect and integrate existing data, produce new data, share and archive, and finally structure and semantically enrich. One of the particular aspects of this works involves an approach to build a complete digital report of the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral. With the help of photogrammetric acquisitions of the cathedral, leading to point clouds generation, projects were created in the aïoli platform. The structuring of the collected data (condition report, architectural descriptions, chemical and physical analysis…) has then led to the construction of semantic annotations, accompanied by description sheets and attachments. The vast multidisciplinary studies conducted on the cathedral as well as the large number of projects and annotations built over the course of 4 years constitute a singular collection of data, that will be the object of cross comparison and data interpretation in the future years.

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Bührle, Iris Julia. "A Pas De Deux for a Cathedral and a Hunchback: Roland Petit’s Ballet Notre-Dame De Paris." Forum for Modern Language Studies 55, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 280–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fmls/cqz025.

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Abstract In 1965, the French choreographer Roland Petit set himself the task of making a ballet out of Victor Hugo’s voluminous novel Notre-Dame de Paris. The result departed radically from earlier attempts to transpose the work into movement by choreographers who included Jules Perrot and Marius Petipa. Although the love plot (which revolves around a dancer), the wide range of emotions depicted, the stark contrasts, and alternation between crowd scenes and more intimate scenes favour its transposition into a ballet, the novel also presents numerous difficulties, such as the importance of politics, philosophy and architecture. Quasimodo, Frollo and the cathedral seem rather unsuitable protagonists for a ballet. This paper argues that Petit’s adaptation of Notre-Dame de Paris engaged with the literary source on a much deeper level than its predecessors. Petit’s innovative ballet does not merely illustrate the novel: it reveals underlying elements in the source and sheds new light on it.

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Park, Joohyang. "Revisiting Philip the Chancellor's Influence on the Birth of the Motet: Focusing on the Works of Philip the Chancellor Included in Major Music Manuscripts in the 13th Century." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 45, no. 8 (August 31, 2023): 659–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2023.08.45.08.659.

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Philip the Chancellor(c.1160-70 - 1236), who has been recorded in history as an important figure at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, has been known as a person who played an important role in the spread of the Latin lyric poetry repertoire in the 13th century. Many of his extant poems were often used as lyrics for the Notre Dame School, who was a famous composer at the time, and his ability to set poetry to music makes it clear why his work was favoured by composers of the time. However, despite his contribution, his work has not been published in complete works or actively studied. This study examines Philip's musical works based on the major music manuscripts of the 13th century, which are the sources of his works, and discusses how his music influenced the genesis of the motet, which emerged as the dominant genre of the 13th century. In doing so, it establishes Philip's place in the history of medieval music alongside Leonin and Pérotin, the leading figures of the Notre Dame school of his day.

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Elwert, Frederik, Giulia Evolvi, Anna Neumaier, and Kim de Wildt. ": Emoji and Religion in the Twitter Discourses on the Notre Dame Cathedral Fire." Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture 11, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 198–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21659214-bja10071.

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Abstract The fire that destroyed a large part of the world-famous Notre Dame Cathedral in France in April 2019 shocked the world. A lively expression of thoughts and feelings during and after the fire arose on Twitter. In this article, we will analyze the discourses about the Notre Dame fire on Twitter, with a specific focus on emoji, focusing on the thoughts and feelings emoji express and how they convey the meanings religious buildings have for people. Based on a dataset of almost 2 million tweets collected in the week following the incident, this paper leverages a variety of computational and qualitative methods to explore the topic from different angles. Temporal analysis and topic modelling show the dynamics of emoji usage, which drastically changes after a few days from expressing sorrow to expressing skepticism. Semantic analysis using the word2vec model reveals the implicit meaning of potentially ambiguous emoji characters.

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Vallée, Alexandre, Emmanuel Sorbets, Hélène Lelong, Jérôme Langrand, and Jacques Blacher. "The lead story of the fire at the Notre-Dame cathedral of Paris." Environmental Pollution 269 (January 2021): 116140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116140.

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Allonneau, Alexandre, Samuel Mercier, Olga Maurin, Fabien Robardet, Anne Menguy-Fleuriot, Say-Chong Luu, Catherine Louyot, Nicole Jacques, Romain Jouffroy, and Bertrand Prunet. "Lead contamination among Paris Fire Brigade firefighters who fought the Notre Dame Cathedral fire in Paris." International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 233 (April 2021): 113707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113707.

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Whitehouse, Matthew. "Astronomical Organ Music." Culture and Cosmos 16, no. 1 and 2 (October 2012): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.01216.0263.

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Music inspired by astronomical phenomena is familiar to INSAP participants. In this presentation, I will present two pieces of astronomy-inspired music composed specifically for the organ: Nebulae and Nova. The music will be accompanied by a slide show of astronomical images. Nebulae is my original work and is a musical narrative on the process of star formation. It has been performed throughout the United States, including at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris in October 2010. Nova is by the American composer Myron Roberts, and is a depiction of a supernova explosion.

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Chang, Wen-Yao, Chieh-Hsin Tang, and Ching-Yuan Lin. "Estimation of Magnitude and Heat Release Rate of Fires Occurring in Historic Buildings-Taking Churches as an Example." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169193.

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Historical buildings often fail to meet today’s building and fire protection regulations due to their structure and space restrictions. For this reason, if such buildings encounter fire, serious damage will be resulted. The fire of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris (Notre-Dame de Paris) in April 2019 highlights the seriousness of this problem. In this study, the historical building of “Tamsui Church” was selected as an example. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was adopted to analyze the scale of damage and possible hazards when the wooden seats in the church are on fire, and improvement measures were proposed to ensure that such buildings can be used under safer conditions. It was found that the existing seat arrangement will cause the spreading of fire, and the maximum heat release rate is 2609.88 kW. The wooden roof frame above the fire source will also start to burn at 402.88 s (6.6 min) after the fire, which will lead to a full-scale fire. To maintain the safety of the historical building, it is necessary to add active firefighting equipment (smoke detector and water mist system).

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L’Héritier, Maxime, Aurélia Azéma, Delphine Syvilay, Emmanuelle Delqué-Kolic, Lucile Beck, Ivan Guillot, Mathilde Bernard, and Philippe Dillmann. "Notre-Dame de Paris: The first iron lady? Archaeometallurgical study and dating of the Parisian cathedral iron reinforcements." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): e0280945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280945.

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The study of iron reinforcements used in the construction of Notre-Dame de Paris offers a glimpse into the innovation that took place on this building site in the mid-12th century, adapting metal to create a novel architecture. The restoration of the monument after the 2019 fire offered unique possibilities to investigate its iron armatures and to sample 12 iron staples from different locations (tribunes, nave aisles and upper walls). Six of them were dated thanks to the development of an innovative methodology based on radiocarbon dating. They reveal that Notre-Dame is the first known Gothic cathedral where iron was massively used as a proper construction material to bind stones throughout its entire construction, leading to a better understanding of the master masons’ thinking. Moreover, a metallographic study and slag inclusion chemical analyses of the staples provide the first study of iron supply for a great medieval Parisian building yard, renewing our understanding of iron circulation, trade and forging in the 12th and 13th century capital of the French kingdom. The highlighting of numerous welds in all iron staples and the multiple provenances sheds light on the activity of the iron market in this major medieval European city and the nature of the goods that circulated, and questions the possible importance of recycling.

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Ramzy, Nelly Shafik. "Concept cathedral and “squaring the circle”: Interpreting the Gothic cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris as a standing hymn." Frontiers of Architectural Research 10, no. 2 (June 2021): 369–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2021.02.001.

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Bekos, John. "Agamben, John Chrysostom and Alternative Politics." International Journal of Public Theology 12, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 278–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341539.

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Abstract This article presents an alternative use of The Church and the Kingdom, a homily that Giorgio Agamben addressed to the Bishop of Paris and high-ranked Church officials at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, in 2009. Taking advantage of the biblical and patristic sources of the homily, this article places the speech within the Christian tradition, treating it as if it was a Christian homily. It argues that the Church and the Kingdom lay the foundations for the new political comprising a dialectical tension between the State and the Church. The alternative politics of this new political is further developed by bringing together John Chrysostom, the philosopher Agamben and the theologian Stanley Hauerwas. This coming together leads to a politics of a life as strangers, sojourners and refugees.

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Hulin, Guillaume, Christophe Besnier, Dorothée Chaoui-Derieux, Sébastien Flageul, Christophe Norgeot, Cyril Schamper, François-Xavier Simon, and Alain Tabbagh. "A Geophysical Survey in Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral: Revealing the Buried Past After the Disaster." ArchéoSciences, no. 45 (August 16, 2021): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeosciences.8610.

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Baltzer, Rebecca A. "Another Look at a Composite Office and its History: The Feast of Susceptio Reliquiarum in Medieval Paris." Journal of the Royal Musical Association 113, no. 1 (1988): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrma/113.1.1.

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The feast celebrated annually on 4 December as the Reception of the Relics is one that was peculiar to Notre Dame of Paris in the later Middle Ages. It commemorated the reception of relics of five saints into the still unfinished Gothic cathedral, including several hairs of the Virgin Mary, three teeth of John the Baptist, an arm of St Andrew the Apostle, some stones from the lapidation of St Stephen the Protomartyr and a large part of the head of St Denis. The event that prompted this feast in Paris took place during the reign of King Philip Augustus, who was on the throne from 1180 to 1223, and it has been the subject of occasional comment, debate and research ever since, with the most recent discussion coming in the excellent article by Craig Wright in the Festschrift for John Ward.

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Smith, Kate E., Dominique Weis, Catherine Chauvel, and Sibyle Moulin. "Honey Maps the Pb Fallout from the 2019 Fire at Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris: A Geochemical Perspective." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 7, no. 10 (July 20, 2020): 753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00485.

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Van Cleef, J. F. "Valves in Varicose Veins and External Compression Studied by Angioscopy." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 8, no. 3 (September 1993): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559300800306.

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Aim: To explain the mechanism of action of external compression in venous/valvular incompetence Design: Prospective investigation in single patient group. Setting: Notre Dame de Bon Secours Hospital, Paris, France. Patients: Four patients presenting with primary varicosities undergoing surgical treatment. Interventions: Dynamic saphenous vein angioscopy with application of external compression to the limb. Main outcome measures: Angioscopy assessment of venous valvular incompetence. Results: External compression failed to abolish reflux in valves where there was an intercorneal space at the valve commissure.

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Katz, Brian, and Antoine Weber. "An Acoustic Survey of the Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris before and after the Fire of 2019." Acoustics 2, no. 4 (November 6, 2020): 791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2040044.

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The Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris is amongst the most well-known worship spaces in the world. Its large volume, in combination with a relatively bare stone construction and marble floor, leads to rather long reverberation times. The cathedral suffered from a significant fire in 2019, resulting in damage primarily to the roof and vaulted ceiling. Despite the notoriety of this space, there are few examples of published data on the acoustical parameters of this space, and these data do not agree. Archived measurement recordings from 1987 were recovered and found to include several balloon bursts. In 2015, a measurement session was carried out for a virtual reality project. Comparisons between results from these two sessions show a slight but significant decrease in reverberation time (8%) in the pre-fire state. Measurements were recently carried out on the construction site, 1 year since the fire. Compared to 2015 data, the reverberation time significantly decreased (20%). This paper presents the preliminary results of these measurements, providing a documentation of the acoustics of this historic worship space both prior to and since the 2019 fire.

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Hunault, C. C., J. C. van Eijkeren, D. W. de Lange, and I. de Vries. "Predicting blood lead levels among children 2 years old, following the fire at Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral." Toxicology Letters 350 (September 2021): S133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00559-2.

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Waldman, Thomas G. "Abbot Suger and the Nuns of Argenteuil." Traditio 41 (1985): 239–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362152900006905.

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In the early spring of 1129, the priory of Notre-Dame at Argenteuil, a house for women some thirteen kilometers northwest of Paris on the Seine, was ‘restored’ to the abbey of Saint-Denis. This restitution took place at a council held by the papal legate in France, Matthew, cardinal bishop of Albano, at the Parisian abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The nuns of Argenteuil, accused of scandalous living, were replaced by monks of Saint-Denis. Abbot Suger of Saint-Denis (1122–51) considered the recovery of Argenteuil one of his foremost achievements.

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Denoël, Charlotte. "Le fonds des manuscrits latins de Notre-Dame de Paris à la Bibliothèque nationale de France." Scriptorium 58, no. 2 (2004): 131–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/scrip.2004.3876.

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Willot, L., D. Vodislav, L. De Luca, and V. Gouet-Brunet. "AUTOMATIC STRUCTURING OF PHOTOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS FOR SPATIO-TEMPORAL MONITORING OF RESTORATION SITES: PROBLEM STATEMENT AND CHALLENGES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-521-2022.

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Abstract. Over the last decade, a large number of digital documentation projects have demonstrated the potential of image-based modelling of heritage objects in the context of documentation, conservation, and restoration. The inclusion of these emerging methods in the daily monitoring of the activities of a heritage restoration site (context in which hundreds of photographs per day can be acquired by multiple actors, in accordance with several observation and analysis needs) raises new questions at the intersection of big data management, analysis, semantic enrichment, and more generally automatic structuring of this data. In this article we propose a data model developed around these questions and identify the main challenges to overcome the problem of structuring massive collections of photographs through a review of the available literature on similarity metrics used to organise the pictures based on their content or metadata. This work is realized in the context of the restoration site of the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral that will be used as the main case study.

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Del Monte, Marco, Patrick Ausset, Roger A. Lefèvre, and Stéphanie Thiébault. "Evidence of pre-industrial air pollution from the Heads of the Kings of Juda statues from Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris." Science of The Total Environment 273, no. 1-3 (June 2001): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00847-0.

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Laffin, Josephine. "What Happened to the Last Judgement in the Early Church?" Studies in Church History 45 (2009): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400002382.

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The Last Judgement was one of the most important themes in Christian art from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries. It can be found in glittering mosaics on the west wall of the cathedral on the island of Torcello in the Venetian lagoon, on the sculptured centre portal of the west façade of Notre Dame in Paris, in Luca Signorelli’s haunting frescos in the Chapel of the Madonna of San Brizio in Orvieto, and in Michelangelo’s masterpiece in the Sistine Chapel. Numerous other churches had their own ‘dooms’. A dramatic but not untypical example from the twelfth century can be found above the entrance to the Church of Sainte-Foy at Conques. Christ is enthroned as an austere judge, dividing the saved from the damned. The procession to heaven is neat and orderly while hell is chaotic, being depicted as a hideous mouth devouring the damned, a common representation in medieval art. In ominous foreboding, this Romanesque Last Judgement rivals the thirteenth-century hymn, theDies Irae, as a reminder of the coming ‘day of wrath and doom impending’.

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Nikolaev, D. D. "Train Travel as the Basis of the Plot in Bunin’s Works Part one: East and West." Studies in Theory of Literary Plot and Narratology 15, no. 2 (2020): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2410-7883-2020-2-355-370.

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Train travel is one of the most frequently used motives in I. A. Bunins’ works. In the center of the plot of the “Zapisnaya knizhka” (“Notebook”) (“Novaya Russkaya Zhizn” (Gelsingfors), 1921, April 2), subsequently reworked into the story “Tretiy klass” (“Third Class”) is the voyage on the train on Ceylon. Train ride in France becomes the basis of the plot of the story “Notre-dame de la garde”, published in the newspaper “Vozrozhdenie” (“Renaissance”) (Paris) on October 17, 1925. These works are united not only by the same fiction method (we see another country and its inhabitants through the eyes of a Russian passenger on the train), but also by direct textual parallels in newspaper publications. In both cases, the train becomes a ‘mirror’ of the country: the first is the train of the East and the second is the train of the West. The contrast between East and West is most clearly pointed in the “Zapisnaya knizhka”, where it is associated with the ideological struggle of 1921. In the newspaper Bunin wrote about the West no less than about the East. The main characters of his work were the British. But in the story “Tretiy klass”, published in 1926 in “Illyustrirovannaya Rossiya” (“Illustrated Russia”), the actual publicistic pathos becomes unnecessary. A similar tendency towards a decrease in the concrete historical publicistic pathos we can find in the history of the text of the story “Notre-dame de la garde”. Here, the changes are also associated with the reduction of the universal-social that played an important role in the newspaper and its replacement with the simply universal. The plot allows Bunin to show France from different sides, as well as declare his attitude towards the country. The system of oppositions in the newspaper version of the story “Notre-dame de la garde” is more complicated than in the one in the collected works – later Bunin renounces the class characteristic. The poster-ideal West turns out to be a deception, but the destruction of external, advertising harmony does not mean the absence of beauty and internal harmony. The types created by Bunin in the story have both a national and universal character.

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Risdonne, Valentina, Adriana Francescutto Miró, Sayuri Morio, and Charis Theodorakopoulos. "The Victoria and Albert Museum Plaster Casts by the Nineteenth-Century Workshops of the Notre-Dame Cathedral: Scientific Analysis and Conservation." Heritage 5, no. 4 (November 12, 2022): 3427–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040176.

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Four nineteenth-century casts of the decoration on the north side of the exterior of the apse of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris are held in the plaster casts collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. The casts were manufactured by two different nineteenth-century workshops, one run by Jean Pouzadoux and the other by Auguste Malzieux. After an assessment of the condition of the casts, a scientific analysis allowed the characterization of the manufacturing materials and subsequent conservation treatments aimed at ensuring the stability of the casts and removing dirt and grime from the casts’ surfaces. Optical microscopy of the samples taken from the casts allowed the stratigraphy to be studied, which largely consisted of gypsum plaster and a coating layer (oxidized diterpenic resin or shellac) containing silicon and aluminium partially diffused in the porous substrate. These materials were identified by a range of techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The conservation works returned stability to the panels for redisplay in the galleries and achieved a closer comparative study between the two workshops. The two sets of panels showed numerous differences in manufacturing processes that corresponded to their observed deterioration.

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Biraben, Jean-Noël. "Le point de l'enquête sur le mouvement de la population en France avant 1670." Population Vol. 40, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1985.40n1.0069.

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Résumé BiRABEN Jean-Noël. — Le point de l'enquête sur le mouvement de la population en France avant 1670. Des difficultés imprévues ne nous permettront pas d'achever cette enquête à la fin de 1984 comme cela avait été projeté, mais une grande partie des objectifs sont atteints. — 164 paroisses rurales sont achevées soit 64% du total, — 30 villes sont achevées, 10 en voie d'achèvement, 17 dépouillements non nominatifs sont faits, soit environ 70% du total car 8 grandes villes sur 10 sont faites, — Les relevés parisiens, très considérables, sont presque achevés, — 89 séries paroissiales de 81 communes (sur 201 situées à moins de 20 km de Notre-Dame) sont relevées, le travail est terminé pour les environs de Paris. — La reconstitution des familles est achevée pour quatre paroisses, le dépouillement ou la reconstitution est en cours pour six autres, — Les registres de 11 paroisses débutant avant 1539 sont microfilmés de l'origine à 1792. D'ores et déjà, nous savons que la reconstitution du mouvement de la population de la France que nous avons entreprise sera très bonne à partir de 1600, relativement bonne de 1540 à 1599, médiocre pour le début du xvie siècle et seulement régionale ou locale pour le dernier tiers du xve siècle. Nous espérons pour Paris une assez bonne approche dès 1525, pour ses environs, elle sera bonne à partir de 1545, mais médiocre de 1527 à 1544.

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Roslan, Rozrinda, and Shahrul Yani Said. "Heritage Buildings Fires: Their challenges and consideration of fire safety protection." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 13 (March 24, 2020): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2091.

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Heritage buildings represent state of the art at the time of their construction. Materials used that are often viewed critically today concerning fire safety. Preventive measures and any other active systems can prevent untoward incidences to heritage buildings. So, for a sound fire safety concept, several considerations can be made. Hence, by reviewing two heritage buildings that involved in the fire which are Shuri Okinawa Castle and Paris Notre Dame Cathedral, this paper is aimed to establish challenges faced by historical building in the event of a fire by referring to the selected case study and to determine whether minimal intervention imposed in passive fire protection provided in the premises is a good practice so that can be referred by others heritage buildings.Keywords: Fire Safety; Fire Protection; Heritage Buildings; Minimum InterventioneISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2091

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Gaposchkin, M. Cecilia. "The King of France and the Queen of Heaven: The Iconography of the Porte Rouge of Notre-Dame of Paris." Gesta 39, no. 1 (January 2000): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/767154.

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Charlier, P., P. Froesch, L. Prades, A. Augias, A. Perciaccante, O. Appenzeller, D. Lippi, S. Balloni, and R. Bianucci. "Further anthropological and pathological arguments related to St Louis’ scurvy and infection signs on the Notre-Dame mandible (Paris, France)." Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 121, no. 2 (April 2020): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2019.12.011.

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Cook. "Technology to Freeze Time at Lassus and Viollet-le-Duc's Notre-Dame of Paris: Learning from the Past for the Cathedral of the Future." Future Anterior: Journal of Historic Preservation, History, Theory, and Criticism 17, no. 1 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/futuante.17.1.0047.

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Vin, F., A. Chabanel, A. Taccoen, J. Ducros, J. Gruffaz, B. Hutinel, P. Maillet, and M. Samama. "Double-Blind Trial of the Efficacy of Troxerutin in Chronic Venous Insufficiency." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 9, no. 2 (June 1994): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559400900207.

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Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of troxerutin in chronic venous insufficiency. Design: Randomized, double-blind, multicentre, prospective controlled trial. Setting: Hôtel Dieu Hospital and Notre Dame de Bon Secours Hospital, Paris, France. Patients: Sixty-nine patients with truncal varicose veins. Intervention: After a single-blind 15-day placebo run-in period, one group ( n = 34) received troxerutin 3500 mg daily for 2 months. The other group ( n = 35) received a placebo. Main outcome measures: Subjective symptoms, ankle circumference, venous refilling time with photoplethysmography, erythrocyte aggregation using the SEFAM aggregameter and fibrinogen level. Results: Leg aching ( p < 0.001) and venous function score ( p < 0.001) improvements were significantly higher in the troxerutin group (83% and −3.7) compared with the placebo group (23% and −0.7). A significant difference in favour of troxerutin was found for erythrocyte aggregation kinetic indexes ( p < 0.001) and dissociation threshold ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study confirmed the dual action of the drug: a parietal effect and a rheological effect.

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Patterson, Jade. "Du “monstre-humain” au “monstre-objet” : l’évolution du monstre (in)visible dans Notre-Dame de Paris et À rebours." Convergences francophones 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cf478.

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Au XIXᵉ siècle en France, les monstres sont plus que visibles ; ils occupent le devant de la scène. Ils sont présents dans des domaines aussi divers que la science (avec la tératologie —la première “science” des monstres), la politique, où se dessinent des évènements “monstrueux” signalant une rupture de la norme, et la foire, où les spectateurs paient pour voir des formes grotesques. En prenant les exemples de deux œuvres littéraires : Notre Dame de Paris (1831) de Victor Hugo et A rebours (1889) de Joris-Karl Huysmans, nous examinerons comment la production à grande échelle des monstres a cependant pour résultat la banalisation du monstre comme figure extraordinaire. Nous soutiendrons qu’il existe une évolution du “monstre-humain” romantique au “monstre-objet” décadent qui reflète la monstruosité morale du créateur lui-même : une métamorphose du visible à l’invisible. Cette notion prend racine dans le contexte d’une notion évolutive de la construction philosophique nature/artifice où s’inscrivent d’importantes avancées technologiques, telles que les machines-outils (destinées à construire les pièces de machines). Cela marque un changement dans les perceptions des rôles de l’homme et de la nature dans le champ de création. Le monstre évolue d’un être extraordinaire (semblable aux créatures de la foire) à un objet banal, facile à reproduire, qui reflète les peurs de la production de masse dans une société industrielle. Enfin, en abordant les enjeux de la monstruosité et de la visibilité, nous montrerons comment le monstre devient visible même dans la forme du texte littéraire du XIXᵉ siècle, avec la naissance d’un roman-monstre.

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Iorfida, Antonio, Sebastiano Candamano, Fortunato Crea, Luciano Ombres, Salvatore Verre, and Piero de Fazio. "Bond Behaviour of FRCM Composites: Effects of High Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.161.

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The fire remains one of the serious potential risks to most buildings and structures, as recently it’s been witnessed in Paris’ historic Notre Dame Cathedral and London’s Grenfell Tower. Concrete and masonry construction materials suffer physiochemical changes and mechanical damage caused by heating that is usually confined to the outer surface but can eventually compromise their load-bearing capacity. FRCM systems could provide when applied, supplemental fire insulation on pre-existing structural members, but there is a lack of knowledge about their properties in those conditions. This experimental work, thus, aims to evaluate the mechanical behaviour of carbon-FRCM and basalt-FRCM composites bonded to masonry substrate after high temperature exposure. Temperatures of 100 °C, 300 °C and 500 °C over a period of three hours were used to investigate the degradation of their mechanical properties. Single lap shear bond tests were carried out to evaluate the bond-slip response and failure modes. For all the tested temperatures higher peak stresses were measured for carbon-FRCM composite than basalt ones. Furthermore, low-density basalt-FRCM composite showed higher peak stresses and lower global slips up to 300 °C than high-density one. Carbon-FRCM composite failure mode was not effected by temperature. High-density basalt-FRCM composite showed a change in failure mode between 300 °C and 500 °C.

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Bonnemains, Jacky. "Les pollutions dues aux accidents : un angle mort ?" Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 114, no. 2 (April 10, 2024): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re1.114.0064.

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Les pollutions après les accidents sur les Installations Classées pour la Protection de l’Environnement sont de mieux en mieux prises en compte. Mais après de nombreux accidents et notamment des incendies, la banalisation reste une priorité. Les clichés habituels, « plus de peur que de mal », « les déchets sont partis en fumées », « le vent les a dispersées », les propos rassurants des pompiers repris par les préfets poussent au plus vite au retour à la normale quand bien même s’est produit un évènement anormal et pénalisant l’environnement et la santé publique. Un angle mort majeur concerne les installations non classées. La cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris en est l’exemple le plus frappant. Les catastrophes de demain avec les nouveaux modes de propulsion décarbonés ne sont pas anticipées. Les pollutions de l’extraction du lithium, du cobalt et des autres métaux rares à l’étranger et en France sont elles aussi masquées. Il est urgent que le public soit informé de ces risques nouveaux et que les moyens de lutte proportionnés soient appréciés, financés et mis en place.

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Casta, Isabelle-Rachel. "What we do in the Shadows... Rapports de force/rapports de France dans quelques romans de Jean-Christophe Grangé." Dalhousie French Studies, no. 117 (March 29, 2021): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1076098ar.

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Middlebrow author, Jean-Christophe Grangé is little studied as such, but his novels (widely read) nonetheless draw a strange map of France: the police, the seat and visible embodiment of official power, is regularly overwhelmed by a shifting and disparate sects, camarillas, more or less occult organizations or all-powerful paramilitary groups, in line with the apocalyptic thought of the illuminists of the eighteenth century.The France of the balance of power is fantastically present, crisscrossed at full speed by movements precisely described and timed, but totally improbable by their very ease.There is therefore realism - the Brittany of Lontano, the rue Goujon de Miserere, the cathedral Notre-Dame du Serment des Limbes... and at the same time immersed in a “liquidity” of actions and journeys which properly belong to the dream. Spectrography of an overexposed unreality, Grangé's romantic universe could be summed up by the leitmotif that runs through most of the meetings and exchanges, like an isotopy: “I'll be there in less than an hour”. This curialized “power” of the sects of the bizarre, of the hellish returns of the past, of the ill-liquidated ghosts of (de) colonization is embodied in several figures of Evil, serial killers or sorcerer's apprentices (La forêt des mânes) which never ceases. to undermine the official instruments of democracy. The juxtaposition of the licit and the paranormal, the realistic and the wacky, creates the special atmosphere of this universe where the swarming and deadly “below” undermines and corrupts more and more the orderly and brilliant “above” of social norms, and where savagery winds infinitely in the signs of modernity.

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Tenschert, R. "CATHEDRAL NORTE DAME IN PARIS – THE INSCRIPTION OF THE SOUTH TRANSEPTS FAÇADE: MEDIEVAL RELICT OR 19th CENTURY RECREATION?" ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 26, 2019): 1141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-1141-2019.

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Abstract. While non-destructive 3D technologies offer outstanding possibilities for analysing shape and similarities in architectural details, and for the monitoring of weathering effects, it has so far been used only rarely for these purposes. This paper shows the application and analysis of high resolution, handheld, optical tracked laser scanning on an inscription at the cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. The transept’s south façade carries a latin inscription dating from 1258, and the common research opinion is that the inscription was copied and renewed during the mid-19th century restoration. In the course of an on-site research campaign, some doubt as to the veracity of this theory arose. Essential questions regarding the inscription concern the workflows of both medieval craftsmen and those from the 19th century. The project’s aim was to analyse the inscription for its shape and for any traces left by the craftsmen. Another key question focussed on the originality and authenticity of the inscription. The analysis of the high-resolution 3D data set has confirmed the initial visual impression of differences between the stones and shown that most of the inscription is the 13th century original with only a few parts replaced. The analysis also revealed that the ribbon and the letters must have been carved before the stones were placed. An investigation using historical transcripts, comparative examples and contextual reflections with a detailed analysis of the individual letters also revealed possible changes in the wording of the inscription made during the restoration. A discussion of the possible variants supported by virtual visualisations is also presented.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France'

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