Journal articles: 'Northern Australia'

1

Andersen, Nils Møller, and Tom A. Weir. "The Gerrine Water Striders of Australia (Hemiptera: Gerridae): Taxonomy, Distribution and Ecology." Invertebrate Systematics 11, no. 2 (1997): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it95047.

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Water striders or pond skaters belonging to the subfamily Gerrinae are common inhabitants of various types of fresh water throughout eastern and northern Australia. The present paper deals with the 13 species (in 5 genera) known from Australia. Redescriptions or descriptive notes, illustrations, and keys to adults and nymphs of all species are provided and their distributions recorded and mapped.Tenagogerris pallidusand T. femoratus (both from Northern Territory and Western Australia), Tenagogonus australiensis (Queensland), Limnometra ciliodes (Queensland, Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya), and Limnogonus fossarum gilguy (Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Indo-Malayan Archipelago, and West Pacific to Samoa and Tonga) are described as new. Limnometra poliakanthinaNieser & Chen is synonymised with L. cursitans (Fabricius) and Hydrometra australis Skuse (= Limnometra skusei Torre-Bueno) with Limnogonus luctuosus (Montrouzier). The evolution and zoogeography of Australian water striders are discussed. Finally, we discuss the ecology of the gerrine water striders of Australia in relation to our present knowledge about habitats, phenology, wing polymorphism, and association between species.

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Andersen, Alan N., John C. Z. Woinarski, and Ben D. Hoffmann. "Biogeography of the ant fauna of the Tiwi Islands, in northern Australia's monsoonal tropics." Australian Journal of Zoology 52, no. 1 (2004): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo03013.

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This paper describes the biogeography at the species level of ants from the Tiwi Islands, and represents the first such analysis for any region in Australia. The Tiwi Islands are located 20 km off the mainland coast near Darwin in northern Northern Territory, and include Australia's second largest insular landmass after Tasmania. The islands receive the highest mean annual rainfall (up to 2000 mm) in monsoonal northern Australia, and they are the closest part of the Australian landmass to south-east Asia. On the basis of ~1300 species records, we list 154 species (including nine introduced) from 34 genera. The richest genera are Polyrhachis (20 species), Monomorium (15), Camponotus (14), Pheidole (12), and Iridomyrmex (11). In all, 66% of the native Tiwi species belong to Torresian (tropical) species groups, which is considerably higher than the 44% for Australia's monsoonal ant fauna as a whole. Fifteen Tiwi ant species are not known from mainland Australia. These include a species of Anonychomyrma, which is the only record of the genus in monsoonal Australia, Polyrhachis debilis, the only representative of the sub-genus Cyrtomyrma known from north-western Australia, and the only species of the araneoides group of Rhytidoponera known from the Northern Territory. Unfortunately, the Tiwi ant fauna also includes the exotic invasive species Pheidole megacephala, which represents a serious conservation threat.

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Cowled, Christopher. "A new arbovirus in northern Australia." Microbiology Australia 30, no. 4 (2009): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09131.

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Routine arbovirus surveillance has unearthed a number of novel viruses circulating in domestic and wild animals in northern Australia. One of these is a new virus named Middle Point orbivirus (MPOV). While its disease potential remains unknown, evidence suggests that this virus emerged quite recently in Australia and it has now become the single most commonly isolated animal virus in the Northern Territory. The discovery of MPOV highlights the importance of obtaining prototype data on novel Australian viruses.

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Birtles, Terry G. "Tourist map, Australia and Northern Australia." Cartography 17, no. 2 (December 1988): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00690805.1988.10438420.

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5

Choo, Christine. "The Impact of Asian - Aboriginal Australian Contacts in Northern Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300218.

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The long history of Asian contact with Australian Aborigines began with the early links with seafarers, Makassan trepang gatherers and even Chinese contact, which occurred in northern Australia. Later contact through the pearling industry in the Northern Territory and Kimberley, Western Australia, involved Filipinos (Manilamen), Malays, Indonesians, Chinese and Japanese. Europeans on the coastal areas of northern Australia depended on the work of indentured Asians and local Aborigines for the development and success of these industries. The birth of the Australian Federation also marked the beginning of the “White Australia Policy” designed to keep non-Europeans from settling in Australia. The presence of Asians in the north had a significant impact on state legislation controlling Aborigines in Western Australia in the first half of the 20th century, with implications to the present. Oral and archival evidence bears testimony to the brutality with which this legislation was pursued and its impact on the lives of Aboriginal people.

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Kerrigan, Raelee A. "A treatment for Polygala of northern Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 25, no. 2 (2012): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb08032.

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A taxonomic treatment is presented for all Polygala L. species of northern Australia (north of 26°S). In total, 45 species are treated, of which 44 are native and 36 are endemic to Australia. Twenty-six new species and four new varieties are described. A key to all 50 Australian species is provided, including six introduced species (five of which are restricted to southern states of Australia and are not treated here in detail). Lectotypes are here designated for five names. Nomenclatural issues regarding P. linariifolia Willd., P. glaucoides L. and P. triflora L. are discussed.

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GUNTER, NICOLE L., and THOMAS A. WEIR. "Revision of Australian species of the dung beetle genus Lepanus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): key to species groups and description of 14 new species from the L. pygmaeus species group." Zootaxa 4564, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4564.1.2.

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Lepanus Balthasar, 1966 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) is one of the most diverse genera of dung beetles in Australasia and includes large numbers of undescribed species. This publication is the first part in an ongoing revision of the Australian members of this genus and outlines ten informal species groups. Fourteen new species that are similar to Lepanus pygmaeus (Macleay, 1888) are described here: Lepanus mckenziei new species from the Pilbara region of Western Australia; Lepanus sauroni new species from coastal regions of the Northern Territory and the Kimberley region of Western Australia; Lepanus gubara new species, Lepanus pecki new species, Lepanus podocarp new species and Lepanus pungalina new species from the Top End, Northern Territory; Lepanus lentil new species from the Top End, Northern Territory and central Queensland; Lepanus crenidens new species, Lepanus lingziae new species, and Lepanus menendezae new species from northern Queensland; Lepanus andersonorum new species, and Lepanus tozerensis new species from Cape York Peninsula, far north Queensland; Lepanus feehani new species from the Australian Wet Tropics; and Lepanus guthrieae new species from the east to west coast of northern Australia. Lepanus pygmaeus is redescribed and a lectotype designated for it. A lectotype is designated for Panelus arthuri Blackburn, 1900. The synonymy of L. pygmaeus with P. arthuri is confirmed. A key to species groups within Lepanus is provided, as well as a key to species in the L. pygmaeus species group.

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8

Mathur, Deepika. "Book Review. Leading From the North: Rethinking Northern Australia Development." Learning Communities: International Journal of Learning in Social Contexts 27 (August 2022): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18793/lcj2022.27.06.

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Leading From the North: Rethinking Northern Australia Development points out that understanding land, environment and people of northern Australia should be the first step in any government policy formation. It is an anthology of articles by researchers from Charles Darwin University, James Cook University and Australian National University, and is an important reference work for anyone working in Northern development.

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9

Martin, Helene A. "The history of the family Onagraceae in Australia and its relevance to biogeography." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 5 (2003): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt03033.

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The family Onagraceae is a relatively minor part of the Australian flora but it has a long history in Australia: a probable Ludwigia dates from the Eocene; Fuchsia, not native to Australia today, is present from early Oligocene times; and Epilobium is found only in the Pleistocene. Onagraceae first appears in the Late Cretaceous in northern South America and southern North America, where it is thought to have originated, and Ludwigia dates from the Palaeocene. It is thought that Ludwigia migrated into Australia via a northern route. Fuchsia in Australia predates its first appearance in New Zealand, suggesting that New Zealand Fuchsia may have been derived from the Australian Fuchsia.

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Barton, Diane P., Laura Taillebois, Jonathan Taylor, David A. Crook, Thor Saunders, Mark Hearnden, Alan Greig, et al. "Stock structure of Lethrinus laticaudis (Lethrinidae) across northern Australia determined using genetics, otolith microchemistry and parasite assemblage composition." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 4 (2018): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17087.

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The grass emperor Lethrinus laticaudis is a conspicuous element of the commercial and recreational catch from nearshore reef systems across northern Australia. The nearshore reef systems across northern Australia are exposed to increasing levels of fishing pressure from commercial and recreational fishers. To inform ongoing management of this species, the present study examined the stock structure of L. laticaudis across northern Australia using a combination of complementary techniques. In all, 342 L. laticaudis samples were collected from 13 locations in the coastal waters of northern Australia ranging from the Pilbara region of Western Australia to Moreton Bay in south-east Queensland. Population genetic analyses using microsatellite markers demonstrated that there were at least four genetically distinct populations across northern Australia with gene flow between management jurisdictions (with significantly more separation between Western Australian and Northern Territory locations than between Northern Territory and Queensland locations). An isolation by distance effect was evident (genetic differences increasing linearly with distance). Otolith microchemistry and parasitology analyses indicated some spatial structuring of populations within broader regions. These findings of restricted connectivity at small spatial scales suggest that L. laticaudis is vulnerable to localised depletion in areas where fishing effort is concentrated. This conclusion is consistent with recent observations of fishery declines in heavily fished locations.

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11

L., Cecil A. "Female Indigenous entrepreneurship in remote communities in northern Australia." Information Management and Business Review 6, no. 6 (December 30, 2014): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v6i6.1131.

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Little is known about Australian Indigenous female entrepreneurship. Misconceptions typifying Australian Indigenous businesses are community enterprises are encumbered by research limitations, generalisations and stereotyping; the material is seldom voiced by Australian Indigenous people; and few sources detail the challenges for grass roots female Indigenous entrepreneurs in remote Australian Aboriginal communities that maintain patriarchal cultures. In this paper is described how 21 Indigenous female entrepreneurs in a remote region of northern Australia have tailored their businesses to comply with the regulatory and statutory framework of the dominant society while preserving sensitivity to the traditional cultural norms, rules, and obligations. The data were independently corroborated by Indigenous and non Indigenous men of recognised standing in the region. These empirical observations provide foundation for better informed judgements about the business environment in remote regions of Australia, which is fundamental when developing policies for delivering sustainable female Indigenous small businesses.

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12

GUNTER, NICOLE L., and THOMAS A. WEIR. "Revision of Australian species of the dung beetle genus Lepanus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): description of 10 new species from the L. australis, L. monteithi, and L. villosus species groups." Zootaxa 4695, no. 3 (November 8, 2019): 201–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4695.3.1.

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This publication is part in an ongoing revision of the Australian species of the genus Lepanus Balthasar, 1966 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and revises the three species groups with simple pygidia. Keys to species within the L. australis Matthews, 1974, L. monteithi Matthews, 1974, and L. villosus Matthews, 1974 species groups are provided and a total of 10 new species are described. Within the L. australis species group, L. australis Matthews, 1974 and L. latheticus Matthews, 1974 are redescribed and four new species are described: Lepanus burnetti new species and Lepanus oxleyi new species from southeastern Queensland; Lepanus eungella new species from coastal, central Queensland; and Lepanus dukungarri new species from Australian Wet Tropics, northern Queensland. Within the L. monteithi species group, L. monteithi Matthews, 1974 is redescribed and four new species are described: Lepanus geoffi new species from Cape York Peninsula, far north Queensland; Lepanus yorkensis new species from Torres Strait and Cape York Peninsula, far north Queensland; Lepanus reidi new species from the Australian Wet Tropics and Lepanus topend new species from the northern Northern Territory. Within the L. villosus species group, L. villosus Matthews, 1974 and L. vestitus Matthews, 1974 are redescribed and two new species are described: Lepanus pseudovillosus new species and Lepanus reticulatus new species from the Australian Wet Tropics, northern Queensland. Including these descriptions a total of 43 Lepanus species are now described from Australia.

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13

Ramachandran, Prashanth. "The Northern Territory, Australia." Practical Neurology 17, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 130–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2016-001563.

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14

Eales, Katie M., Natkunam Ketheesan, and Robert E. Norton. "Brucellosis in Northern Australia." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 83, no. 4 (October 5, 2010): 876–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0237.

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15

Eggleton, R. A., and G. Taylor. "Weipa Bauxite, northern Australia." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, sup1 (December 2008): S1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120090802438217.

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16

Fudali, R. F., Andrew Miller, and A. W. R. Bevan. "Australites from Northern Australia." Meteoritics 26, no. 2 (June 1991): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1991.tb01031.x.

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17

PERKINS, PHILIP D. "A revision of the water beetle genus Gymnochthebius Orchymont (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) for Australia and Papua New Guinea." Zootaxa 1024, no. 1 (July 29, 2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1024.1.1.

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The Australian and Papua New Guinean species of the water beetle genus Gymnochthebius Orchymont, 1943, are revised, based on the study of 4,904 specimens. The genus is redescribed, and redescriptions are provided for G. australis (Blackburn), G. brisbanensis (Blackburn), G. clarki (Deane), G. levis (Deane), G. lividus (Deane), G. notalis (Deane), and G. tenebricosus (Deane). Lectotypes are designated for Ochthebius australis Blackburn, 1888, and Ochthebius tenebricosus Deane, 1931. Ochthebius fischeri Deane, 1931, and Ochthebius leai Deane, 1931, are synonymized with Ochthebius australis Blackburn, 1888; Ochthebius flavocinctus Deane 1933, is synonymized with Ochthebius lividus Deane, 1933; and Ochthebius angustipennis Deane, 1931, is synonymized with Ochthebius clarki Deane, 1931. Twenty-nine new species are described, and a key to the 36 species known from Australia and Papua New Guinea is given. High resolution digital images of all primary types are presented (online version in color), the male genitalia are illustrated, and Australian geographic distributions are mapped. Only one species, G. clarki, inhabits both Australia and Papua New Guinea; two species, G. bacchusi n. sp. and G. papua n. sp. are endemic to Papua New Guinea; 33 species are endemic to Australia. Members of Gymnochthebius are found at the gravelly/sandy/silty margins of flowing and standing water. A preliminary grouping of species according to microhabitat substrate is presented. Correspondences between ventral morphology and microhabitat preferences suggest that a few species are evolving toward humicolous habits. New species of Gymnochthebius are: G. angulonotus (Queensland, Tinaroo Creek Road via Mareeba), G. bacchusi (Papua New Guinea, Morobe District, c. 7 miles Lae Bulolo Road), G. benesculptus (South Australia, Warburton River, 1 km N White Bull Yard Kalamurina Stn.), G. coruscus (South Australia, Warburton River, 1 km N White Bull Yard Kalamurina Stn.), G. fontinalis (South Australia, Elizabeth (Mound) Springs, 7 km NW Coward Springs R.S.), G. fumosus (New South Wales, Sydney), G. hesperius (Western Australia, Lyndon River Bridge), G. inlineatus (Western Australia, Millstream, creek near Deep Reach), G. lustrosulcus (Queensland, Cloncurry), G. minipunctus (Northern Territory, Palm Valley), G. nanosetus (Northern Territory, Roderick Creek, Gregory National Park), G. nicki (Victoria, Possum Hollow falls, West branch Tarwin River, 5.6 km SSW Allambee), G. nigriceps (South Australia, Mound Spring near Coward Springs), G. papua (Papua New Guinea, Morobe District, ca. 10 km S Garaina Saureri), G. perpunctus (South Australia, Somme Creek, between Angaston and Sedan), G. pluvipennis (South Australia, Warburton

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JACOBSEN, IAN P., and MIKE B. BENNETT. "A Taxonomic Review of the Australian Butterfly Ray Gymnura australis (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) and Other Members of the family Gymnuridae (Order Rajiformes) from the Indo-West Pacific." Zootaxa 2228, no. 1 (September 11, 2009): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2228.1.1.

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The taxonomy of G. australis was examined as part of a wider review of Indo-West Pacific Gymnuridae species. The study revealed two distinct morphological variants: G. australis var. eastern Australia and G. australis var. northern Australia. Gymnrua australis var. eastern Australia has ≤ 3 complete or partially-complete white tail-bands and may or may not have a dorsal fin. Gymnura australis var. northern Australia has a longer tail region, always possesses a dorsal fin and has ≥ 4 predominantly complete white tail-bands. Morphological and genetic comparisons indicate the observed differences were intraspecific (1.22% genetic gap difference). Wider morphometric comparisons between Indo-West Pacific gymnurids, revealed species differ principally in tail morphology. Dorsal-fin development in G. zonura also varied intraspecifically. Results obtained from the study, help clarify the taxonomic status of the family and provide strong evidence that all Gymnuridae species belong to a single genus Gymnura, with Aetoplatea subsequently defined as a junior synonym.

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Cox, James W., Michele Akeroyd, and Danielle P. Oliver. "Integrated water resource assessment for the Adelaide region, South Australia." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 374 (October 17, 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-374-69-2016.

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Abstract. South Australia is the driest state in the driest inhabited country in the world, Australia. Consequently, water is one of South Australia's highest priorities. Focus on water research and sources of water in the state became more critical during the Millenium drought that occurred between 1997 and 2011. In response to increased concern about water sources the South Australian government established The Goyder Institute for Water Research – a partnership between the South Australian State Government, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Flinders University, University of Adelaide and University of South Australia. The Goyder Institute undertakes cutting-edge science to inform the development of innovative integrated water management strategies to ensure South Australia's ongoing water security and enhance the South Australian Government's capacity to develop and deliver science-based policy solutions in water management. This paper focuses on the integrated water resource assessment of the northern Adelaide region, including the key research investments in water and climate, and how this information is being utilised by decision makers in the region.

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20

Palmer, Carol, Stephen A. Murphy, Deborah Thiele, Guido J. Parra, Kelly M. Robertson, Isabel Beasley, and Chris M. Austin. "Analysis of mitochondrial DNA clarifies the taxonomy and distribution of the Australian snubfin dolphin (Orcaella heinsohni) in northern Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 11 (2011): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11063.

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Conservation management relies on being able to identify and describe species. Recent morphological and molecular analyses of the dolphin genus Orcaella show a species-level disjunction between eastern Australia and South-east Asia. However, because of restricted sampling, the taxonomic affinities of the geographically intermediate populations in the Northern Territory and Western Australia remained uncertain. We sequenced 403 base pairs of the mitochondrial control region from five free-ranging Orcaella individuals sampled from north-western Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Low net nucleotide divergence (0.11–0.67%) among the Australian Orcaella populations show that populations occurring in the Northern Territory and Western Australia belong to the Australian snubfin (O. heinsohni) rather than the Asian Irrawaddy dolphin (O. brevirostris). Clarifying the distribution of Orcaella is an important first step in the conservation and management for both species; however, an understanding of the metapopulation structure and patterns of dispersal among populations is now needed.

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21

Fisher, Daniel T. "An Urban Frontier: Respatializing Government in Remote Northern Australia." Cultural Anthropology 30, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 139–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca30.1.08.

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This essay draws on ethnographic research with Aboriginal Australians living in the parks and bush spaces of a Northern Australian city to analyze some new governmental measures by which remoteness comes to irrupt within urban space and to adhere to particular categories of people who live in and move through this space. To address this question in contemporary Northern Australia is also to address the changing character of the Australian government of Aboriginal people as it moves away from issues of redress and justice toward a state of emergency ostensibly built on settler Australian compassion and humanitarian concern. It also means engaging with the mediatization of politics and its relation to the broader, discursive shaping of such spatial categories as remote and urban. I suggest that remoteness forms part of the armory of recent political efforts to reshape Aboriginal policy in Northern Australia. These efforts leverage remoteness to diagnose the ills of contemporary Aboriginal society, while producing remoteness itself as a constitutive feature of urban space.

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Southcott, RV. "Australian Larvae of the Genus Trombella (Acarina, Trombidioidea)." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 4 (1986): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860611.

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The Australian larvae of the genus Trombella Berlese, 1887 (Acarina : Trombidioidea : Trombellidae) are revised. All six known species are Australian, five new, the larva having been correlated with adult and deutonymphal forms by the earlier rearing to deutonymphs of larvae of Trombella alpha Southcott, 1985 obtained from the field cricket Teleogryllus commodus (Walker) in New South Wales. The five new species of larvae are: T. cucumifera, sp. nov.; T. fusiformis, sp. nov.; T, rugosa, sp. nov.; T. sternutor, sp. nov.; and T. calabyi sp. nov.; they have all been obtained by a systematic survey of the ectoparasitic mites of Australian grasshoppers. T. cucumifera occurs in the northern part of Western Australia, in the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales; T. fusiformls in the northern part of Western Australia, and the northern parts of the Northern Territory and Queensland; T. rugosa and T. sternutor in the south-western part of Western Australia; T. calabyi is recorded from a single specimen in north- western Western Australia. Correlation studies are made on the metric characters of T. cucumifera, T. fusiformis and T. rugosa. In each species there was a significant excess of positive correlations between many of the metric variates used, within and between the groups of variates for scutal, idiosomal setal and leg variates. There appeared to be a tendency for a greater excess of these correlations within character groups than between characters of different groups.

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MOUND, LAURENCE A. "New taxa and new records of Australian Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)." Zootaxa 2292, no. 1 (November 18, 2009): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2292.1.3.

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A new genus and species of panchaetothripine thripid, Stosicthrips szitas, apparently related to Parthenothrips dracaenae, is described from leaves of a cultivated Grevillea (Proteaceae) in central Queensland and also at Perth, Australia. In another genus, Bhattithrips, a new species B. borealis is described from northern Australia, and the four members of this Australian genus are distinguished in a key. A species described from Southeast Asia, Astrothrips aureolus, is established and probably native to northern Australia, where it damages the leaves of an Hymenocallis cultivar (Amaryllidaceae).

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Woodward, E. "Social networking for Aboriginal land management in remote northern Australia remote northern Australia." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 15, no. 4 (December 2008): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2008.9725208.

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Baehr, M. "The Australian species of the carabid genus Perileptus (Coleoptera : Carabidae : Trechinae)." Invertebrate Systematics 1, no. 1 (1987): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9870001.

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The Australian species of the trechine genus Perileptus are revised and compared in a key. Perileptus convexicollis, sp. nov., P. subopacus, sp. nov., and P. minimus, sp. nov., all from northern or northwestern Australia, are described, and the subgenus Pyrrhotachys Sloane is reestablished. The species distribution is mapped. Patterns of distribution and the phylogenetic status of the species suggest at least two independent westward migrations, of different lineages and presumably at different times, within Australia, resulting in the evolution of several endemic species in refugia in northern or north-western Australia. As a consequence, the Perileptus fauna of Western Australia is today more diverse than that of eastern Australia, in spite of the rather unsuitable environmental conditions in the north-western refugia.

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Wheeler, Matthew C., Harry H. Hendon, Sam Cleland, Holger Meinke, and Alexis Donald. "Impacts of the Madden–Julian Oscillation on Australian Rainfall and Circulation." Journal of Climate 22, no. 6 (March 15, 2009): 1482–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2595.1.

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Abstract Impacts of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on Australian rainfall and circulation are examined during all four seasons. The authors examine circulation anomalies and a number of different rainfall metrics, each composited contemporaneously for eight MJO phases derived from the real-time multivariate MJO index. Multiple rainfall metrics are examined to allow for greater relevance of the information for applications. The greatest rainfall impact of the MJO occurs in northern Australia in (austral) summer, although in every season rainfall impacts of various magnitude are found in most locations, associated with corresponding circulation anomalies. In northern Australia in all seasons except winter, the rainfall impact is explained by the direct influence of the MJO’s tropical convective anomalies, while in winter a weaker and more localized signal in northern Australia appears to result from the modulation of the trade winds as they impinge upon the eastern coasts, especially in the northeast. In extratropical Australia, on the other hand, the occurrence of enhanced (suppressed) rainfall appears to result from induced upward (downward) motion within remotely forced extratropical lows (highs), and from anomalous low-level northerly (southerly) winds that transport moisture from the tropics. Induction of extratropical rainfall anomalies by remotely forced lows and highs appears to operate mostly in winter, whereas anomalous meridional moisture transport appears to operate mainly in the summer, autumn, and to some extent in the spring.

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Brown, Gillian K., Daniel J. Murphy, James Kidman, and Pauline Y. Ladiges. "Phylogenetic connections of phyllodinous species of Acacia outside Australia are explained by geological history and human-mediated dispersal." Australian Systematic Botany 25, no. 6 (2012): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb12027.

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Acacia sensu stricto is found predominantly in Australia; however, there are 18 phyllodinous taxa that occur naturally outside Australia, north from New Guinea to Indonesia, Taiwan, the Philippines, south-western Pacific (New Caledonia to Samoa), northern Pacific (Hawaii) and Indian Ocean (Mascarene Islands). Our aim was to determine the phylogenetic position of these species within Acacia, to infer their biogeographic history. To an existing molecular dataset of 109 taxa of Acacia, we added 51 new accessions sequenced for the ITS and ETS regions of nuclear rDNA, including samples from 15 extra-Australian taxa. Data were analysed using both maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. The phylogenetic positions of the extra-Australian taxa sampled revealed four geographic connections. Connection A, i.e. northern Australia?South-east Asia?south-western Pacific, is shown by an early diverging clade in section Plurinerves, which relates A. confusa from Taiwan and the Philippines (possibly Fiji) to A. simplex from Fiji and Samoa. That clade is related to A. simsii from southern New Guinea and northern Australia and other northern Australian species. Two related clades in section Juliflorae show a repeated connection (B), i.e. northern Australia?southern New Guinea?south-western Pacific. One of these is the ?A. auriculiformis clade', which includes A. spirorbis subsp. spirorbis from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands as sister to the Queensland species A. auriculiformis; related taxa include A. mangium, A. leptocarpa and A. spirorbis subsp. solandri. The ?A. aulacocarpa clade' includes A. aulacocarpa, A. peregrinalis endemic to New Guinea, A. crassicarpa from New Guinea and Australia, and other Australian species. Acacia spirorbis (syn. A. solandri subsp. kajewskii) from Vanuatu (Melanesia) is related to these two clades but its exact position is equivocal. The third biogeographic connection (C) is Australia?Timor?Flores, represented independently by the widespread taxon A. oraria (section Plurinerves) found on Flores and Timor and in north-eastern Queensland, and the Wetar island endemic A. wetarensis (Juliflorae). The fourth biogeographic connection (D), i.e. Hawaii?Mascarene?eastern Australia, reveals an extreme disjunct distribution, consisting of the Hawaiian koa (A. koa, A. koaia and A. kaoaiensis), sister to the Mascarene (R�union Island) species A. heterophylla; this clade is sister to the eastern Australian A. melanoxylon and A. implexa (all section Plurinerves), and sequence divergence between taxa is very low. Historical range expansion of acacias is inferred to have occurred several times from an Australian?southern New Guinean source. Dispersal would have been possible as the Australian land mass approached South-east Asia, and during times when sea levels were low, from the Late Miocene or Early Pliocene. The close genetic relationship of species separated by vast distances, from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific, is best explained by dispersal by Austronesians, early Homo sapiens migrants from Asia.

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Stokeld, Danielle, Anke S. K. Frank, Brydie Hill, Jenni Low Choy, Terry Mahney, Alys Stevens, Stuart Young, Djelk Rangers, Warddeken Rangers, and Graeme R. Gillespie. "Multiple cameras required to reliably detect feral cats in northern Australian tropical savanna: an evaluation of sampling design when using camera traps." Wildlife Research 42, no. 8 (2015): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15083.

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Context Feral cats are a major cause of mammal declines and extinctions in Australia. However, cats are elusive and obtaining reliable ecological data is challenging. Although camera traps are increasingly being used to study feral cats, their successful use in northern Australia has been limited. Aims We evaluated the efficacy of camera-trap sampling designs for detecting cats in the tropical savanna of northern Australia. We aimed to develop a camera-trapping method that would yield detection probabilities adequate for precise occupancy estimates. Methods First, we assessed the influence of two micro-habitat placements and three lure types on camera-trap detection rates of feral cats. Second, using multiple camera traps at each site, we examined the relationship between sampling effort and detection probability by using a multi-method occupancy model. Key results We found no significant difference in detection rates of feral cats using a variety of lures and micro-habitat placement. The mean probability of detecting a cat on one camera during one week of sampling was very low (p = 0.15) and had high uncertainty. However, the probability of detecting a cat on at least one of five cameras deployed concurrently on a site was 48% higher (p = 0.22) and had a greater precision. Conclusions The sampling effort required to achieve detection rates adequate to infer occupancy of feral cats by camera trap is considerably higher in northern Australia than has been observed elsewhere in Australia. Adequate detection of feral cats in the tropical savanna of northern Australia will necessitate inclusion of more camera traps and a longer survey duration. Implications Sampling designs using camera traps need to be rigorously trialled and assessed to optimise detection of the target species for different Australian biomes. A standard approach is suggested for detecting feral cats in northern Australian savannas.

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Andersen, Alan N., François Brassard, and Benjamin D. Hoffmann. "Unrecognized Ant Megadiversity in Monsoonal Australia: Diversity and Its Distribution in the Hyperdiverse Monomorium nigrius Forel Group." Diversity 14, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14010046.

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We document diversity and its distribution within the hyperdiverse Monomorium nigrius Forel group of the Australian monsoonal tropics, an unrecognized global centre of ant diversity. The group includes a single described species, but several distinct morphotypes each with multiple clearly recognizable taxa are known. Our analysis is based on 401 CO1-sequenced specimens collected from throughout the Australian mainland but primarily in the monsoonal north and particularly from four bioregions: the Top End (northern third) of the Northern Territory (NT), the Sturt Plateau region of central NT, the Kimberley region of far northern Western Australia, and far North Queensland. Clade structure in the CO1 tree is highly congruent with the general morphotypes, although most morphotypes occur in multiple clades and are therefore shown as polyphyletic. We recognize 97 species among our sequenced specimens, and this is generally consistent (if not somewhat conservative) with PTP analyses of CO1 clustering. Species turnover is extremely high both within and among bioregions in monsoonal Australia, and the monsoonal fauna is highly distinct from that in southern Australia. We estimate that the M. nigrius group contains well over 200 species in monsoonal Australia, and 300 species overall. Our study provides further evidence that monsoonal Australia should be recognized as a global centre of ant diversity.

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GREAVES, ELIZABETH, KARIN MEIßNER, and ROBIN WILSON. "New Laonice species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from western and northern Australia." Zootaxa 2903, no. 1 (June 2, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2903.1.1.

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Species belonging to the genus Laonice (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from continental shelf and slope depths off western and northern Australia are described. Three species are new to science (L. lemniscata, L. insolita, L. pectinata), two additional species of uncertain identity are recognised from incomplete material and are similar to existing species. A key is provided to allow identification of all six Laonice species known from Australia. Also, a new standard for the observation of hooded hooks in Laonice is established. One of the Australian species, L. quadridentata, belongs to a group of Laonice species with fused prostomium and peristomium. These species are of great morphological similarity and several are reported to exhibit ontogenetic and individual variability and we discuss the significant taxonomic problems that are a consequence of that variability. The faunas of the continental margin of western and northern Australia were poorly sampled prior to the extensive surveys that generated our study material; this study and other current work suggests that our present estimates of species richness of the Australian marine invertebrate fauna significantly underestimate species richness, perhaps by as much as 50%.

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McGuigan, K., D. Zhu, G. R. Allen, and C. Moritz. "Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of melanotaeniid fishes in Australia and New Guinea." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 7 (2000): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99159.

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Phylogenetic analysis of melanotaeniid mtDNA cytochrome b and tRNA Pro-control region sequence is broadly consistent with the current taxonomy. However, the molecular phylogeny supports the elevation of M. s. australis to full species status and indicates either that it is a composite species or has introgressed with sympatric Melanotaenia species. Phenotypically cryptic mtDNA diversity in north-eastern Australia possibly represents an undescribed species. Six major monophyletic clades present in the phylogeny were strongly supported by morphological data. The clades represent three biogeographic regions. Fish from northern New Guinea form a monophyletic clade, within which Melanotaenia and Glossolepis are polyphyletic. The divergence of this clade from those in southern New Guinea is consistent with the final uplift of the Central Highlands 5 million years BP. North-western New Guinea and associated islands represent another highly divergent, monophyletic clade of a similar age to that in northern New Guinea. The remaining four clades form a monophyletic assemblage restricted to southern New Guinea and Australia: one in northern Australia, one with a disjunct distribution in north-western and eastern Australia, one widespread throughout Australia and southern New Guinea, and one in southern New Guinea with an outlying species in northern Australia. The phylogenetic relationships between Australia and southern New Guinea are consistent with episodic connection via the freshwater Lake Carpentaria during periods of low sea level.

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New, David, Alicia G. Beukers, Sarah E. Kidd, Adam J. Merritt, Kerry Weeks, Sebastiaan J. van Hal, and Ian Arthur. "Identification of multiple species and subpopulations among Australian clinical Sporothrix isolates using whole genome sequencing." Medical Mycology 57, no. 7 (November 30, 2018): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myy126.

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AbstractWhole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to demonstrate the wide genetic variability within Sporothrix schenckii sensu lato and establish that there are two main species of Sporothrix within Australian clinical isolates—S. schenckii sensu stricto and Sporothrix globosa. We also demonstrated southwest Western Australia contained genetically similar S. schenckii ss strains that are distinct from strains isolated in the eastern and northern states of Australia. Some genetic clustering by region was also noted for northern NSW, Queensland, and Northern Territory. Phylogenetic analysis of WGS data provided greater phylogenetic resolution compared to analysis of the calmodulin gene alone.

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Chang, Anita Z., David L. Swain, and Mark G. Trotter. "Calf loss in northern Australia: a systematic review." Rangeland Journal 42, no. 1 (2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj19049.

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Calf mortality is a key issue for the north Australian beef industry; however, the sector faces several challenges that preclude the detection and reduction of calf mortality rates. A systematic literature review methodology was employed to explore scientific literature describing the scope of calf loss in northern Australia. Online databases were used to locate articles reporting on beef calf mortality rates within the north Australian region. Articles (n=43) consisting of 668 beef cattle cohorts were retrieved that reported calf mortality between 1936 and 2014. Of these, 13 different observation periods were identified. Most cohorts (n=201) examined mortality between the pregnancy to weaning period, whereas only 20 cohorts in four studies were located that investigated calf mortality in the perinatal and postnatal periods. A broad seasonal and regional influence was identified, however, the dilution of the datasets due to the high number of timeline variations, prevented robust statistical analysis and the further examination of influential factors, such as breed. The results of the systematic literature review indicate that the resolution of the data available does not allow for producers or researchers to accurately target the occurrence or cause of calf mortality. Experimental protocols for future research pertaining to reproductive efficiency and calf loss in northern Australia should be standardised. Consistency in reporting factors and periods must first occur for robust statistical analyses to be achieved.

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Malipatil, MB. "Revision of Australian Pristhesancus Amyot and Serville (Heteroptera, Reduviidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 34, no. 4 (1986): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9860601.

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Two new species, Pristhesancus nigritus, sp. nov. and P. australis, sp nov., are described from northern Australia. The following synonymies are made: Pristhesancus darwinensis Miller, 1958 with P. grassator Bergroth, 1895; P. fasciatus Reuter, 1881, P. uniformis Distant, 1903, P. luteicollis Walker, 1873, P. melitus Distant, 1903, P. ruralis Miller, 1958 and P. nigridorsum Miller, 1958 with P. plagipennis Walker, 1873. A key to the Australian species is given. A lectotype has been designated for Pristhesancus grassator Bergroth.

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Allen, Harry. "PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY IN NORTHERN AUSTRALIA." Berkala Arkeologi 7, no. 2 (September 26, 1986): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v7i2.455.

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The northern part of North Australia is not far from Java and Timor. There are great numbers of influences in the North Western part of Australia from Indonesian region. The coast alligator river area is 200 kilometres east of Darwin, Northern Territory is now 60 kilometres from the coast to the mountain area. The plain area is flat and the water is salty, being tidal on the coast. Further inland the river is fresh water. To day there are few mangroves in this area, but there is evidence that mangroves were more widespread between 6.000 - 3.000 BP. During the wet season the coastal plain is flooded.

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Mayo, Mark, Sean Taylor, and Bart J. Currie. "Infectious diseases in Northern Australia." Microbiology Australia 43, no. 3 (October 21, 2022): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma22029.

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Butler, Barry. "Bible Translation in Northern Australia." Bible Translator 55, no. 4 (October 2004): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026009430405500414.

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Mulrennan, Monica E., C. D. Haynes, M. G. Ridpath, and M. A. J. Williams. "Natural History of Northern Australia." Journal of Biogeography 19, no. 4 (July 1992): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2845577.

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Popoff, Ivan, Jun Nagamori, and Bart Currie. "MELIOIDOTIC OSTEOMYELITIS IN NORTHERN AUSTRALIA." ANZ Journal of Surgery 67, no. 10 (October 1997): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1997.tb07111.x.

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Jardine, Timothy D., and Stuart E. Bunn. "Northern Australia, whither the mercury?" Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 4 (2010): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09126.

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Biomagnification of mercury (Hg) leads to high concentrations in fish and subsequent health risks for fish-eaters. Despite the global concern afforded to Hg over the past 40 years, little attention has been paid to this toxic heavy metal in Australia in general, and tropical northern Australia in particular. This review examines past Hg research in Australia and explores seven hypotheses as to why so little research and monitoring has been conducted in northern rivers and estuaries. We rule out the possibility that fishing intensity (an indicator of potential Hg exposure in humans) is lower in Australia than in other countries with more intensive Hg research programs. Instead, we hypothesise that low atmospheric deposition, owing to prevailing wind direction and few local point sources, coupled with highly productive waterbodies, contributes to low Hg bioaccumulation and hence the reduced interest in measuring Hg. Outstanding questions regarding Hg in northern Australia include the assessment of atmospheric deposition rates of Hg, the trophic level and growth and food consumption rates of consumers such as large-bodied fishes, linkages between fire regimes and Hg availability, and the capacity for in situ Hg methylation in tropical systems.

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ONO, KEIKO, and JOHN P. LEA. "JAPANESE VISION AND NORTHERN AUSTRALIA." Australian Planner 37, no. 2 (January 2000): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2000.9657883.

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Hudson, Phillipa. "Population Growth in Northern Australia." Urban Policy and Research 9, no. 1 (March 1991): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111149108551454.

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HUNT, ALLAN. "SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND NORTHERN TERRITORY." Emergency Medicine 3 (August 26, 2009): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2026.1991.tb00744.x.

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PUSEY, BRADLEY J., DAMIEN W. BURROWS, MARK J. KENNARD, COLTON N. PERNA, PETER J. UNMACK, QUENTIN ALLSOP, and MICHAEL P. HAMMER. "Freshwater fishes of northern Australia." Zootaxa 4253, no. 1 (April 11, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4253.1.1.

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Northern Australia is biologically diverse and of national and global conservation signicance. Its ancient landscape contains the world’s largest area of savannah ecosystem in good ecological condition and its rivers are largely free-flowing. Agriculture, previously confined largely to open range-land grazing, is set to expand in extent and to focus much more on irrigated cropping and horticulture. Demands on the water resources of the region are thus, inevitably increasing. Reliable information is required to guide and inform development and help plan for a sustainable future for the region which includes healthy rivers that contain diverse fish assemblages. Based on a range of information sources, including the outcomes of recent and extensive new field surveys, this study maps the distribution of the 111 freshwater fishes (excluding elasmobranches) and 42 estuarine vagrants recorded from freshwater habitats of the region. We classify the habitat use and migratory biology of each species. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the diversity and distribution of fishes of the region within a standardised nomenclatural framework. In addition, we summarise the outcomes of recent phylogeographic and phylogenetic research using molecular technologies to identify where issues of taxonomy may need further scrutiny. The study provides an informed basis for further research on the spatial arrangement of biodiversity and its relationship to environmental factors (e.g. hydrology), conservation planning and phylogentic variation within individual taxa.

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Johnson, MS, and LM Joll. "Genetic subdivision of the pearl oyster Pinctata maxima (Jameson, 1901) (Mollusca: Pteriidae) in northern Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 44, no. 4 (1993): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930519.

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The genetic structure of the pearl oyster Pinctada maxima in northern Australia was investigated by starch-gel electrophoresis. Six polymorphic enzymes were examined in 220 individuals from five areas which span a distance of 3400 km. Across this range, the average FST is 0.104, with three of the loci showing highly significant variation in allelic frequencies. Most of the geographic variation is clinal between western and eastern populations. Particularly striking is the near substitution of alternate alleles for GOT between Western Australia and north-eastern Queensland. Comparisons between adjacent pairs of samples usually revealed significant genetic differences, including differences between two areas in the Northern Territory separated by 320 km. In contrast, two samples from Western Australia showed little evidence of genetic subdivision over a distance of more than 800 km. These genetic comparisons indicate that stocks of P. maxima are highly subdivided in northern Australia, but they also favour the view that there are substantial connections of Western Australian populations over large distances.

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46

Davis, GP. "Genetic parameters for tropical beef cattle in northern Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 2 (1993): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930179.

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This paper reviews published estimates of genetic parameters for traits of growth, reproduction and resistance to environmental stresses for Bos indicus and Zebu derived breeds in northern Australia. Most published estimates of heritabilities for growth and reproduction traits were higher for tropically adapted breeds in northern Australia than for Bos taurus breeds in temperate Australia. Weighted mean estimates of heritabilities for the direct component of weaning weight were 39% for the Brahman breed and 30% for Zebu-derived breeds in northern Australia compared with 13% for Bos taurus breeds in temperate areas of Australia. Mean estimates for the maternal component of weaning weight were 5, 24 and 13% respectively. Mean heritabilities for yearling and 550 day weights for Zebu derived breeds in northern Australia (24 and 25%) were similar to those for Bos taurus breeds in temperate areas, though estimates for Brahmans were higher (39 and 39%). Published estimates of heritabilities of later weights (700 and 900 days), which are most relevant to northern Australian production systems, were rare but averaged between 32 and 45% for Zebu-derived breeds and Brahmans. Weighted mean heritability for female calving success was 14% and for realised bull fertility was 5%. Published estimates of heritabilities of scrota1 circumference averaged 31%, and testosterone response to GNRH stimulation was 52%. Heritabilities of resistance to various environmental stresses were all moderate with weighted means between 20 and 34%. Genetic correlations between growth, reproduction and resistance to environmental stresses are also reviewed. There appears to be predictable variation in estimates of parameters between breeds in different environments which is related to level of resistance to environmental stresses, and this is likely to affect the prediction of breeding values for cattle in northern Australia.

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McCrabb, G. J., and R. A. Hunter. "Prediction of methane emissions from beef cattle in tropical production systems." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 8 (1999): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99009.

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The northern beef cattle herd accounts for more than half of Australia’s beef cattle population, and is a major source of anthropogenic methane emissions for Australia. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory predictions of methane output from Australian beef cattle are based on a predictive equation developed for British breeds of sheep and cattle offered temperate forage-based diets. However, tropical forage diets offered to cattle in northern Australia differ markedly from temperate forage-based diets used in the United Kingdom to develop the predictive equations. In this paper we review recent respiration chamber measurements of daily methane production for Brahman cattle offered a tropical forage or high grain diet, and compare them with values predicted using methodologies of the Australian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Committee and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We conclude that a reliable inventory of methane emissions for cattle in northern Australia can only be achieved after a wider range of tropical forage species has been investigated. Some opportunities for reducing methane emissions of beef cattle by dietary manipulation are discussed.

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Johnston, Peter R. "Rhytismatales of Australia: the genus Marthamyces." Australian Systematic Botany 19, no. 2 (2006): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb05010.

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Six species of Marthamyces are reported for Australia. Three of the species are described as new, the others had previously been reported from Australia as species in the genera Propolis and Naemacyclus. Most of the Australian species are host-specialised: M. emarginatus is known only from Eucalyptus, M. gilvus from Cyperaceae, M. hakeae from Hakea, and M. oritis from Orites. Marthamyces barbatus, common on Eucalyptus, is known also from a single collection on Richea. Marthamyces quadrifida, although known from only a few Australian collections, is a widespread tropical species and is likely to be common on a range of hosts in northern Australia. All species are described and illustrated, and a key to the Australian Marthamyces species is provided.

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SHEA, GLENN, SCOTT THOMSON, and ARTHUR GEORGES. "The identity of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae) reassessed." Zootaxa 4779, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4779.3.9.

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The identity of Chelodina oblonga has been unclear because it has been variously defined to include populations of snake-necked chelid turtle from the southwest of Western Australia, across northern Australia, Cape York and southern New Guinea in its broadest conception, from just the northern part of this range (northern Australia and New Guinea), or restricted to the southwest corner of Western Australia in its narrowest conception. Uncertainty over the identity of the type specimens has added to the confusion. In this paper, we review the historical data on the extent of the type series of Chelodina oblonga, and its potential provenance, and find evidence that resolves some of the inconsistencies in previous literature on the identification of the type. Our analysis casts doubt on the northern Australian provenance of the type material. Hence, we return the name C. oblonga to the south-western species, in accordance with the genetic evidence for the provenance of the type in the Natural History Museum, London, and the external morphology of the type series. We designate a lectotype for the species, and redefine the subgeneric names that apply to the Australasian genus Chelodina, providing a new subgeneric name for one lineage.

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Bryars, Simon R., and Mark Adams. "An allozyme study of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus (Crustacea : Portunidae), in Australia: stock delineation in southern Australia and evidence for a cryptic species in northern waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 1 (1999): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98075.

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Allozyme analysis was used to examine the species-level systematics and stock structure of the Australian blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus. Fifty-seven crabs from eight sites were screened in an overview study for allozyme variation at 35 loci. This overview study revealed the presence of two species, differing at a Nei D of 0.14 (2% fixed differences), in the Darwin region of northern Australia. One of these species corresponds to the common P. pelagicus found throughout Australia, whereas the other is most likely either an undescribed ‘cryptic’ species, or the east-Asian species P. trituberculatus. In total, 609 P. pelagicus from 11 sites covering three regions in South Australia and two regions in the Northern Territory were then genotyped at seven polymorphic loci and these data assessed, using goodness- of-fit and F-statistics, for the existence of subpopulations. Four discrete subpopulations could be discerned, namely West Coast, Spencer Gulf, and Gulf St Vincent in South Australia, and Darwin–Gove in the Northern Territory. No evidence of population substructuring among sites within each subpopulation was evident from the allozyme data. The results support the current recognition of the three South Australian regions as separate stocks, and suggest that a taxonomic revision of Indo-Pacific Portunus is warranted.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Northern Australia'

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