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Cox, Katharine, and n/a. "Human migration in prehistoric Northeast Thailand." University of Otago. Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090626.150746.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine the scale of human migration in three prehistoric settlements in the Upper Mun River Valley (UMRV) Northeast Thailand, from c. 1700BC - AD500. Archaeological data implies migration may have had a central role in the development of agriculture and later metal technology in the region, which is suggested to show increased social complexity over this important stage in the development of states in mainland Southeast Asia. The scale of these migrations, however, are not known and based on archaeological evidence it is unclear whether there were large numbers of individuals migrating into the region in order to bring about the changes seen in the archaeological record.
Two potentially complementary-methods are used to identify the extent of migration in the UMRV in this thesis. The first method, the study of dental morphological traits, is used as an indication of genotype of 78 prehistoric individuals. The second method is isotope analysis of the dental enamel of 74 individuals, used as indicators of childhood residence and diet. Strontium (Sr), Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) isotopes are analysed. The first method reflects an individual�s genetic heritage through inherited traits, while the second method is an indication of an individual�s migration during their lifetime. Together, these methods may provide a powerful means to assess the scale of migration over an extended period of time in this region.
As it has been posited that the introduction of agriculture is related to migration of people into the region, the current study hypothesises that while immigrants would be identified from outside the UMRV during all phases of occupation at the sites, this would be particularly so during the earlier phases. It is also hypothesised through analysis of the morphological traits that genetic relationships at each site could be suggested. Finally, it is also hypothesised that individuals with evidence for infectious diseases, which are otherwise rare in the region, would be immigrants.
The frequencies of the dental morphological traits at each site are calculated, and a local pattern for each site developed. The results from the morphological traits suggest low levels of migration into the UMRV, and overall group homogeneity. Despite this homogeneity, it is suggested that several individuals may have been from a different genetic pool to others at the sites, reflected in a different combination of dental traits. There is also some evidence for genetic relationships between individuals, and over time, possibly indicating familial relationships at the sites.
Stability in the Sr isotopes over time suggest a local signature for the UMRV. Sr isotopes did not support a hypothesis of large-scale immigration into the UMRV, as there were few isotopic outliers identified. Those individuals with clear outlier Sr results, and therefore probable immigrants, were predominately female. All phases of occupation of the UMRV attracted some long-range inward movement of people, although the data suggests long-range migration diminished over time.
[delta]��C values show no significant change over time, possibly supporting the Sr data of limited migration into the region. While the interpretation of this isotope is primarily from a perspective of migration it is recognised that this may be limited to understanding variation in diet in the individuals. [delta]�⁸O values show significant change over time (p = 0.00, ANOVA), perhaps consistent with previous research which suggested increased aridity in the UMRV. An alternative explanation of the [delta]�⁸O data is that migration increased with time, with people who were differentiated by their O isotopes but not their Sr, however the increased aridity hypothesis is favoured here.
The hypothesis that individuals with evidence for infectious disease would be long-range immigrants into the region is rejected. None of the individuals who had physical evidence for infectious disease had chemical data to support their being immigrants.
The putative migrants to the UMRV are presented as case studies, assessing the complementarity of the methods used. It is argued that given the changes in the environment over time in the UMRV the area may have become less attractive to immigrants and as a result the communities may have become more insular. The data yielded from the two methods have demonstrated the value of using inherited dental traits together with isotopic data of individual migration for investigating human mobility in the past. Using these methods, this study shows that there were low levels of migration into the UMRV and that long-range migration was more frequent in the earliest phases of occupation in the region.
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Ruppert-Mann, Gesine. "Villagers in northeast Thailand and AIDS /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmr946.pdf.
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Royo, Sheila G. "Sponsorship and migration in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64567.
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Sponsorship is widely recognized as a major factor in migration decisions. However, the extent to which it encourages potential migrants to move has been little documented.
This study documents the role of urban sponsorship in rural to urban migration decisions, specifically sponsorship in Northeast Thailand, using data originally gathered to redirect rural to urban movement in the area, and utilizing multiple analysis of variance and multiple regression to account for the effect of sponsorship on potential migration decisions among other competing explanations. The characteristics of urban sponsors were also considered in examining the variations in sponsorship.Master of Science
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DaGrossa, Pamela Stamps. "The meanings of sex: University students in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1249.
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This ethnographic study examines the understanding ofthe concept of sex (pheet) among university students in Mahasarakham province in northeast Thailand. Specifically, it describes different categories of sex and related concepts, meanings associated with each, and how those are communicated through social action.
Northeast Thailand has shifted away from an agricultural-based society to a cash-based agro-industrial one. This, combined with the influence of a Bangkok-centered national elite and international globalization, has resulted in an influx of new cultural knowledge and shifting meanings related to sex, some reinforcing each other, others in conflict. Many of these conceptual conflicts are located in tensions between tradition and modernity, local culture and Bangkok culture, and Thai-ness and foreign-ness. At these points oftension, meanings are reinterpreted and recreated. This study relies on a variety of research methods including participant-observation, interviews, and questionnaires, and thus is methodologically situated at a crossroads of qualitative and quantitative traditions. This mixed method approach facilitates a broad understanding ofthe concept of sex, including categories of sex, sex roles, and sex behavior.
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Changbumrung, Jiraratana Thesasilpa Supranee. "Aflatoxin in milk from Bangkok and northeast Thailand mothers /." Abstract, 1999. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2542/42E-JiraratanaT.pdf.
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Chawchai, Sakonvan. "The Holocene climate history of Lake Kumphawapi, northeast Thailand." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75945.
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Upton, Susan. "Remembering your feet : imaginings and lifecourses in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531477.
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This thesis takes examples from villager’s experiences of change, how they perceive it and how they imagine their futures. The poor are often portrayed as passive recipients of change rather than agents of it and this thesis is a challenge to that. In-depth ethnography and life course analysis help us understand the meanings attached to people’s own experiences of change and illustrate that villagers are not merely ‘forgetting their feet’ (veuaa leum dteen- cows forget their feet, Thai proverb) in a teleological manner but are negotiating adverse structures to provide security and family wellbeing.An actor oriented approach is used as it highlights experiences of change and reactions to it whilst also taking into account the adverse political economy and imperfect institutional landscape. Changes that have been happening in one village in North-eastern Thailand are described and the failure of collective forms of resistance to provide adequate security is analysed. The rest of the thesis then goes on to look at change through individual and household strategies. Cohort analysis is used to explore differences in generations. An individual life course approach is then used to show how people strategise for their present and future wellbeing. Intergenerational analysis is also used to understand the bargaining between generations. Findings show the intergenerational contract is not only flexible but is also being re-worked to better fit the changes in society, not necessarily breaking down. Families are evolving and are finding new ways to keep bargains whilst also taking advantage of new identities and lifestyles. Findings show the active negotiation of the rural poor as agents of change; this change is dependent on place and the life course and sometimes entails large tradeoffs but seen in the wider context is supporting the reproduction and survival of families and rural values.
I argue that perceived ideological similarities between families and the state that families should provide their own welfare without dependency is lessening pressure on the state to increase state welfare. However, there are differences between state ‘sufficiency economy’ versions of welfare and what poor families need. Pressure is building for better welfare, but it needs to be done in a way that facilitates and strengthens family provision.
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Thomas, Virginia. "Obstacles to development in a 'bureaucratic polity' : a case study of the Northeast Fisheries Project." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61035.
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The following is a case study of the Northeast Fisheries Project, in Northeast Thailand, carried out jointly by the Canadian International Development Agency, its implementing agency and the Thai Department of Fisheries from 1986 to 1990. The formulation and events surrounding the project will be reviewed, with special emphasis on an experimental extension program which was pivotal to the project's success. Overall, the project did not succeed in meeting its objectives, and the purpose of this study is to examine the role of Thai values, social structure and bureaucracy, in contributing to this failure. Specifically, we will consider Thailand as a 'bureaucratic polity', the history and dynamics of patron-client relationships, and how these factors interact in the context of development projects and programs.
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Pansak, Wanwisa. "Soil conservation, erosion and nitrogen dynamics in hillside maize cropping in Northeast Thailand." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99374348X/04.
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Traub, Peter. "Market-oriented crop diversification and regional development in northeast Thailand." Saarbrücken ; Fort Lauderdale : Breitenbach, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22299074.html.
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Promthep, Adisorn. "Prediction of success in village fish farming in northeast Thailand." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21383.pdf.
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Bloem, Martin William. "Vitamin A deficiency, anemia and infectious diseases in Northeast Thailand." Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1989. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5416.
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MacNiven, Angus M. "A strategy towards improved fish hatchery management in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/187.
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This report addresses the problem: how to improve approaches to fish seed production in smallholder aquaculture systems of Northeast Thailand? The work was carried out as a component of the U.K. Government Department for International Development Aquaculture Research Programme funded project, R7052: Improving freshwater fish seed supply and performance in smallholder aquaculture systems in Asia. From 1997 to 2003 the project worked in collaboration with regional partners in Bangladesh, Laos P.D.R., Thailand and Vietnam on constraints to seed production and distribution. The research problem called for improvement, implying that change was required in the way that seed was produced. The hypothesis that active collaboration in research by seed producers and institutional partners, facilitated by project staff would enable all participants to extend their understanding of the situation, contribute to the knowledge base and that resulting accommodations would lead to a continuous process of planning, action and reflection toward changes required for improvement. Reflection on the project outputs indicated that quality of fish seed was variable but there was no agreement on the nature of the problem among stakeholders. The decision was made to shift the research focus away from looking for technical problems and to focus instead on examining ways that existing knowledge could be integrated in a learning process with key stakeholders. The research problem then became to find an appropriate, effective and efficient methodology to achieve this; participatory action research was chosen for evaluation. Participatory action research is a collaborative approach involving the researcher in a facilitative role working with stakeholder groups to enable systematic investigation of issues, planning and action to resolve the issues. Outcomes should be action and public knowledge that feed in to further reflection and action in an ongoing learning cycle. Implementation of the methodology was carried out over two stages; the first planned set of activities involved extension of the existing collaborative arrangement with the Thai Government Department of Fisheries (DoF) and the Asian Institute of Technology Aqua Outreach Programme (AOP) in order to prepare a field research team and plan for field activities. The second stage was participatory action research field work which involved invitations to collaborate being extended to four formal groups and one informal group of hatchery operators in two Provinces of Northeast Thailand. Research facilitated by the research team used a range of participatory methods for identification and prioritisation issues, analysis, action planning, monitoring and evaluation. Actions were supported by the project logistically and financially. The exploratory approach to project planning meant that monitoring processes was as important as monitoring specific indicators. The output of the first set of activities was a formal agreement to collaborate however the strength of the collaboration was indicated by the low level of commitment shown by the DoF and AOP representatives in planning and team building. The lack of commitment had important implications for impact and sustainability of the research. Greater attention to the partnership process was an important lesson. Four of the hatchery operators’ groups approached accepted the invitation to collaborate with the project. This collaboration resulted in a range of knowledge outcomes, the development of social relations horizontally within the hatchery groups and vertically to include individuals from service providing agencies in the local administration. Participatory evaluation by participants and the DoF partners was positive. Evaluation of the project indicated that the approach was; appropriate in terms of the needs of primary stakeholders, the requirements of the donor and the circumstances under which it was carried out; effective in achieving knowledge outcomes that contributed to gains in livelihood assets for participants but ineffective in influencing the policies, institutions and processes that would have ensured sustainable impact from the collaboration as a result of the shortcomings in the institutional partnership arrangements; efficient in terms of resource use to obtain outputs and also in emergence of lessons to inform future practice.
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Chawchai, Sakonvan. "Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic changes in northeast Thailand during the Holocene." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-107185.
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The long-term climatic and environmental history of Southeast Asia is still fragmentary. This thesis therefore aims at studying lake sediment/peat sequences using a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the environmental history and the impact of past changes in monsoon variability and intensity on lake ecosystems in Thailand. The study focuses on two lakes located in northeast Thailand: the larger Lake Kumphawapi and the smaller Lake Pa Kho. The comparison of multiple sediment sequences and their proxies from Kumphawapi suggests a strengthening of the summer monsoon between c. 10,000 and 7000 cal yr BP. Parts of the lake had been transformed into a wetland/peatland by c. 7000 cal yr BP, while the deeper part of the basin still contained areas of shallow water until c. 6600 cal yr BP. This gradual lowering of the lake level can point to a weakening of the summer monsoon. Paleoenvironmental information for the time interval between 6200 and 1800 cal yr BP is limited due to a several thousand-year long hiatus. This new investigation demonstrates that arguments using the phytolith and pollen record of Lake Kumphawapi to support claims of early rice agriculture in the region or an early start of the Bronze Age are not valid, because these were based upon the assumption of continuous deposition. The lithostratigraphy and multi-proxy reconstructions for Pa Kho support a strengthened summer monsoon between 2120-1580 cal yr BP, 1150-980 cal yr BP, and after 500 cal yr BP; and a weakening of the summer monsoon between 1580-1150 cal yr BP and between 650-500 cal yr BP. The increase in run-off and higher nutrient supply after AD 1700 can be linked to agricultural intensification in the region. Conclusively, the Holocene records from northeast Thailand add important paleoclimatic information for Southeast Asia and allow discussing past monsoon variability and movements of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in greater detail.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Accepted. Paper 5: Manuscript.
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Promphakping, Buapun. "Rural transformation and gender relations in the Northeast of Thailand." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323712.
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Haitook, Theerachai. "Study on chicken meat production for small scale farmers in Northeast Thailand." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/dbupress/publik/abstract.php?978-3-89958-238-3.
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Laohasiriwong, Wongsa, and n/a. "Public versus private heath care provision in the northeast of Thailand." University of Canberra. Management, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050523.100911.
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This thesis is a comparative study of public and private health care provision in Northeast
Thailand. It main objective is to explore the question of whether private health providers
are more efficient and effective than their public health counterparts The thesis also
examines equity concerns raised by the growth of private sector medical institutions The
study commences by describing the changes in health problems, health policies and health
care delivery in developing countries and Thailand that have led to the development and
growth of private health care. This is followed by detailed consideration of the Northeast of
Thailand including the socioeconomic context, health indicators and health delivery
systems development paying particular attention to private sector growth. The remainder of
the thesis is comprised of an empirical study of selected public and private sector hospitals
in Northeast Thailand and an analysis of the results Much of the data was collected from
questionnaires delivered to patients and staff in the study hospitals.
The major findings include roughly similar levels of patient satisfaction between public and
private hospitals; patients utilizing public hospitals often had no choice of which
institutions to use, and the average incomes of patients attending private hospitals were
above those of public hospital patients. There was undoubted inequity of access to private
sector facilities. Data gathered from hospital staff showed greater levels of satisfaction with
staffing levels and quality in private hospitals than in public ones. Salaries were more
compressed in public hospitals due to central government rules than in private hospitals
whose management was based on market considerations. However, higher salaries were
paid to skilled professionals in the private sector. Public sector hospital management was
typically bureaucratic with central government guidelines and decisions determining many
aspects of hospital organization. It was found that comparison between public and private
hospitals was complicated by the different missions and activities of institutions in the two
sectors. The thesis concludes by arguing that the mixture of public and private health care
providers has contributed to a more competitive atmosphere which has encouraged greater
concern with quality and efficiency in the delivery of health services in Thailand.
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Kanokwan, Phankasem. "Women's knowledge : rethinking gender relations and development in rural northeast Thailand /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901270.
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Wongrak, Chalermchai. "Heteroglossia and identity negotiation : the case of EFL classrooms in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708437.
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Tomita, Shinsuke. "Impact of direct-seeding expansion on rainfed paddy vegetation in Northeast Thailand." Kyoto University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148567.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第10386号
農博第1365号
新制||農||877(附属図書館)
学位論文||H15||N3839(農学部図書室)
UT51-2003-L27
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 櫻谷 哲夫, 教授 伊藤 操子, 教授 天野 高久
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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[Verfasser], Songporne Tongruksawattana. "Response to shocks and risks of rural households in northeast Thailand / Songporne Tongruksawattana." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2011. http://d-nb.info/1019575611/34.
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Schaaf, Rebecca May. "Developing as one : community groups in the construction of wellbeing in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Bath, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440369.
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Hoshikawa, Keisuke. "History, Structure, Function and Topographical Control of Traditional Irrigation Systems in Northeast Thailand." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147726.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第10876号
農博第1382号
新制||農||887(附属図書館)
学位論文||H16||N3887(農学部図書室)
UT51-2004-G723
京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻
(主査)教授 小林 愼太郎, 教授 三野 徹, 教授 河地 利彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Karner, Olivia, and Elinda Persson. "Prevalence of depressive symptoms and needs of support from surrounding social relationships amongst pregnant women in the upper northeast of Thailand." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-315950.
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According to the World Health Organization (2016), 10% of all pregnant women worldwide suffers from some kind of mental disorder, mainly depression. This is considered a women’s health issue and there is a great lack of studies conducted in low- and middle- income countries. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence of depressive symptoms amongst Thai pregnant women, in the upper northeast of Thailand, and their need of support from surrounding social relationships. A cross-sectional descriptive design with a quantitative method was used for this study. The results show that 28% of the participants had a possible minor or major depression scoring > 10 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. 51.6% of the women reported feeling anxious or worried during the past seven days. Health personnel were mostly needed as support regarding knowledge and attention during pregnancy and childbirth. Husband/partner were mainly wanted as support with attention and concern about pregnancy, reaching an understanding with spouse’s family, support related to the baby’s gender and support with household activities. Mother/mother-in-law was the most important source of support regarding taking care of the baby. In conclusion, screening and interventions towards perinatal depression is much needed in the upper northeast of Thailand. Further research is required to investigate the role of social support during pregnancy.Enligt världshälsoorganisationen, WHO (2016), lider 10% av alla gravida kvinnor i världen av psykisk ohälsa, främst depression. Detta ses som ett kvinnohälsoproblem världen över och bristen på forskning på detta ämne är stor, framförallt i låg- och medelinkomstländer.Syftet med denna studie var att mäta prevalensen av depressiva symtom hos Thailändska gravida kvinnor i nordöstra Thailand samt deras behov av stöd från människor i deras omgivning. Kvantitativ metod med tvärsnittsdesign användes i denna studie. Resultatet visar att 28% av kvinnorna som deltog i denna studie lider av möjlig depression. 51.6% av kvinnorna rapporterade att de hade upplevt ångest eller oro någon gång under de senaste sju dagarna. Sjukvårdspersonal var mest efterfrågade som stöd angående kunskap om egenvård vid graviditet och förlossning. Många av kvinnorna uppgav att de främst ville ha stöd från sin man/partner. Speciellt i frågor beträffande omsorg och omtanke under graviditeten, barnets kön, hjälp med hushållssysslor och för att få förståelse från mannens/partnerns familj. Kvinnans mor/svärmor visade sig vara ett viktigt stöd vad gällande omhändertagandet av barnet. Det finns ett stort behov av att screena gravida kvinnor för depression samt tillämpa åtgärder för att förebygga och behandla perinatal depression i nordöstra Thailand. Ytterligare forskning är nödvändig för att vidare undersöka kvinnors behov av stöd under graviditet.
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Panakhyo, Maria. "HEALTH WITHIN THE NORTHEAST (ISAN) REGION OF THAILAND: AN ANALYSIS OF STRESS INDICATORS IN A MODERN SAMPLE OF SKELETAL REMAINS." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1596.
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The purpose of this project was to explore the relationship between culture and biology through the analysis of human skeletal remains. Particularly, I seek to investigate how economic changes can affect the presence of childhood and adulthood stress indicators. After the end of World War II, Thailand experienced many economic changes, which led to increased access to healthcare and agricultural technology. Because of these post-war changes, I predicted that: 1) there would be less evidence of childhood stress after WWII, 2) there would not be a difference in childhood stress between males and females due to equal access to resources, 3) there would be no difference in adult stress (in the form of joint degeneration) after the war because of slow agricultural change, and 4) there would not be a difference between sexes in joint degeneration because of shared work activities. Assessment of these hypotheses involved the analysis of 172 individuals housed in the Human Skeleton Research Centre at Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Each individual was observed for the presence of childhood stress indicators (linear enamel hypoplasias, cribra orbitalia/porotic hyperostosis, and comparatively short statures) and adult stress indicators (degenerative joint disease). Comparisons where then made between the birth year groups (pre-WWII and post-WWII) and sexes to assess the effect of post-WWII changes. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in the frequencies of childhood stress indicators for both birth-year group and sex. The significant differences between joint degeneration and birth-year groups were significant in the shoulder, elbow, knee, and hip, but they were confounded by the unexpected age difference between the birth-year groups. In the comparisons between joint degeneration and sex, there were significant differences in the knee, which were attributed to biological differences, and temporomandibular joint. The temporomandibular joint difference between post-WWII males and females is of particular interest because ethnographic records of Thai village life do not suggest a reason for why males have more degeneration in their temporomandibular joint than females. These findings provide new information about the individuals in the collection and supply a stepping-stone for understanding how economic changes affect the experience of stress within a population.
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Saihong, Prasong 1974. "Evaluating reliability and use of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Thai in northeast Thai early child care settings." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10589.
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xix, 198 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Due to the lack of a screening and early identification system, preschool children who live in rural areas in Northeast Thailand have no opportunity to receive specialized educational services. Most children are identified as having disabilities at school age or older. In this study, the 24-, 30-, and 36-month intervals of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ), a parent-completed screening system, were translated and evaluated for reliability and use in Northeast Thai early childcare settings. The study purpose was to investigate the reliability and utility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Thai (ASQ: Thai). Reliability studies included an investigation of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interobserver reliability, and comparison of differences between U.S. and Thai scores. Utility studies included surveys of satisfaction of parents/caregivers and early childcare staff as well as brief interviews with parents/caregivers and early childcare staff. Subjects included 267 children who were 2-3 years old; 267 parents/caregivers; 49 early childcare staff; and 5 early childcare professor experts. The subjects were recruited through the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, the Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University. Results addressing the reliability and use of ASQ: Thai were promising. Internal consistency (ρ = .58 -.89) results were adequate as well as test-retest agreement (ρ > .90). A comparison between the ASQ: Thai sample data and the U.S. normative sample found that there were some differences in range, mean, median, interquartile range, and cutoff scores. The back translation of the ASQ: Thai appeared to be adequate in comparison to the original version, as well as culturally appropriate. Early childcare staff and parents/caregivers felt that the ASQ: Thai was easy to use and understand and was culturally appropriate, and they gained knowledge about child development. Early childcare staff and parents/caregivers suggested that the ASQ: Thai should be used in early childcare settings with children when they enter the program. Future research on the ASQ: Thai is needed. Increased study of cultural, language, and disability issues are areas for further study.
Committee in charge: Jane Squires, Chairperson, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Deanne Umuh, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Erin Barton, Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences; Kathie Carpenter, Outside Member, International Studies
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Sunanta, Sirijit. "Global wife, local daughter : gender, family, and nation in transnational marriages in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6267.
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This dissertation explains the emergence and continuous growth of transnational marriages in Northeast Thailand through a gendered and localized analysis of globalization. The Foreign Husband (Phua Farang) phenomenon, or inter-racial/cross national marriages between Thai women and foreign men, has grown substantially in the last ten years, particularly in Isan or the Northeast Region of Thailand. In 2003-2004 as many as 15,000 women from Isan provinces are married to or engaged in romantic relationships with foreign men mainly from Western European countries and the U.S. Transnationally married Isan women send remittances to their families, schools, and temples, thus contributing to the economic and social transformation of agrarian villages in Thailand’s poorest region. The Phua Farang phenomenon among rural Isan women, and the volume of revenue the phenomenon generates, perplex Thai society and stirs nation-wide debates. I demonstrate through combined gender, class and political economic analyses how the Phua Farang phenomenon in Isan is implicated in the interconnected “worlds” between the global and the local, the macro and micro scales, as well as the production and reproduction realms. Exploring localized global processes that take place at various scales—from the individual, the family and community, to the nation-state and the global political economy—this dissertation reveals on-going struggles between structural forces from “above” and everyday resistance on the ground by classed, ethnicized and gendered subjects exercising their agency. Internal struggles within the Thai nation, shown in ethnicized, classed, and gendered moral and nationalist discourses around the Phua Farang phenomenon, further problematize the dichotomy between the “colonizing global capitalism” and the much celebrated local alternatives to modernity.
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[Verfasser], Theerachai Haitook. "Study on chicken meat production for small scale farmers in Northeast Thailand / Theerachai Haitook." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://d-nb.info/987912372/34.
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Pylypa, Jennifer Jean. "Healing herbs and dangerous doctors: Local models and response to fevers in northeast Thailand." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290045.
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Many acute infectious diseases found in tropical countries share a set of non-specific symptoms in common, making distinctions between them difficult and diagnosis in clinical settings complex. The high prevalence of comorbidity in developing nations further adds to the difficulty of clinical diagnosis. For families living in rural communities, evaluating symptoms in the home prior to choosing a course of treatment action is even more difficult. Not only are families faced with ambiguities in symptom presentations, their decisions about how to interpret a particular illness episode are influenced by a complex combination of public health messages and ethnomedical models of illness. Furthermore, since cultural illness classifications do not necessarily correspond in a one-to-one relationship with biomedical disease categories, concerns and behaviors associated with a particular cultural illness category may have implications for many different diseases. From a health communication, education, and prevention perspective, it is therefore important to consider different diseases and illness categories not only as individual, separable entities, but also in terms of how they are interpreted and acted upon in relation to each other. In this dissertation, I provide an overview of major, acute infectious diseases found in northeast Thailand, including diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, malaria, and dengue fever. I then examine cultural models and responses to these diseases in detail. I subsequently discuss a cultural illness category prominent in northeast Thailand known as khai makmai ('fruit fever'). I demonstrate how the classification of diverse illness episodes (resulting from a variety of biomedical diseases) as khai makmai, combined with cultural concerns about health practitioners' mismanagement of khai makmai, has important implications for both the treatment and prevention of various infectious diseases. I conclude by arguing for the need for more integrated, ethnomedical approaches to health education and interventions that take into account the impact of cultural models and responses for multiple infectious disease problems simultaneously.
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Saiyut, Jarinya. "The economic impact of climate change and climatic variability on agriculture in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2050919/.
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The main aim of this thesis is to assess the economic impact of climate change and climatic variability on agriculture in Northeast (NE) Thailand. Climate change is a slow and complex phenomenon. Therefore, decision-making in climate change context involves long-time scales and that have led uncertainties associated with many risks. To assess the impact of climate change in agriculture as well as supporting long-term adaptation planning, long-term climate change scenarios are required. This study achieved this requirement by developing long-term climate change scenarios for NE Thailand under the SRES A2 and B2 climate change scenarios for 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s based upon data from the SEA START RC. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that the assessment of climate change impacts on NE Thailand agriculture through a careful consideration of spatial issues in the Ricardian framework that this study has undertaken would be useful in providing a more accurate picture of the potential impacts of climate change on farmer income in NE Thailand. By the end of the 21st century (2080s), NE Thailand farmers of 62 sub-districts in 8 provinces are expected to experience the severe impact of climate change. A full implementation of the key planned adaptation, the IWRM, would therefore be required to alleviate the risk to climate change in NE Thailand agricultural sector.
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Nanongkham, Priwan. "Modern Isan Music as Image: A Positive Identity for the People of Northeast Thailand." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1305593335.
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Blake, David. "Irrigationalism : the politics and ideology of irrigation development in the Nam Songkhram Basin, Northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47934/.
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The principal drivers of modern irrigation development in tropical Asia are widely understood to be political economy related factors such as demographics, changing diets, international food prices, globalization, urbanization, national food and energy policies, and increasingly, climate change. Such standard drivers of change tend to dominate mainstream water resources development discourse, embedded in instrumental and functional modes of thought and practice. Contrary to the dominant tendency in professional irrigation literature to rely on engineering or managerialist paradigms to conceptualize the field of water resources development, this thesis takes as its starting point an inherent recognition of the political and ideological nature of irrigation development, seen as an organizational tool for state control of people, society and water. This study is concerned with understanding the exercise of power and authority in societal irrigation development, through the analysis of a complex, cross-scalar, multi-actor case study in the context of Thailand, conceived of as an exemplar of a modern hydraulic society. Examining a single river basin case study (the Nam Songkhram) in Thailand’s marginal Northeast and based on a mixed methods, inter-disciplinary approach, the empirical evidence suggests that a number of powerful actor groups in society, including hydraulic bureaucracies, the military, the private sector, national politicians and the monarchy, form alliances or “strategic groups” that compete to control the process of irrigation development at multiple scales and draw upon a range of material practices and discursive processes to further their individual and collective interests. The research contends that irrigation development is justified by socially constructed narrative framings located within the cultural and historical milieu of Thailand, understood to form part of a resilient and rather static nationalist-linked ideology (termed irrigationalism), employed in the reproduction and outward expansion of state power from the Bangkok-centric core to the periphery.
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Phatharathananunth, Somchai. "Civil society in northeast Thailand : the struggle of the Small Scale Farmers' Assembly of Isan." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250217.
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Mongkhonsrisawat, Sathaporn. "Development of community initiated rehabilitation model for persons with disabilities in the northeast of Thailand." Khon Kaen : Khon Kaen University, 2004. http://books.google.com/books?id=w3PaAAAAMAAJ.
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Maeng, Joon-Ho. "Crossing borders : the implications of labour migration on well-being for the rural households in northeast Thailand." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/crossing-borders-the-implications-of-labour-migration-on-wellbeing-for-the-rural-households-in-northeast-thailand(e49db205-94dc-4f7f-a96c-0e8bfb7f341d).html.
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This thesis looks at the relationship between labour migration and socio-economic well-being of the rural households in the communities in Northeastern Thailand, and provides one of the few detailed case studies of the costs and benefits of labour mobility within Southeast Asian labour market system. This research aims to deepen our understanding of the implications of labour migration at micro-level. More specifically, the study aims to examine 'how much such labour migration and remittances do support the rural households and their family members left-behind?' by seeking a holistic assessment based on well-being perspectives with mixed-methods approach. To appreciate this question, we must first understand that there has been rapid economic development and change in Thailand over the past decades, and Thailand is now a leading economy in Southeast Asia that is evolving into a global and regional migration hub for outgoing, incoming, and transiting migrants. The rural communities in Northeastern Thailand, however, have experienced economic and environmental marginality, and as a result, have developed an institutionalised and self-sustaining migration culture after the Vietnam War in 1975. Yet existing research does not tell us much about what are the consequences of the labour migration on well-being for the households in this area. The research explores associations between remittance behaviours and gender difference using sex-disaggregated data, measures dimensions of poverty alleviating effects on the three Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty indices, and assesses economic well-being of the rural households (on the basis of differing participation in labour migration) and non-economic well-being of the family left-behind. On the evidence of this research with various levels of significance in regression analyses, international labour migration and remittances have several implications on rural households in Northeastern Thailand. Firstly, the results show that women and migrants from poorer households behave more altruistically, while men and migrants from richer households behave more contractually. These heterogeneities in remittance behaviours also linked to the asset accumulation patterns for migrants' own future well-being and related to inheritance culture of the rural Thais. Secondly, labour migration is a rational economic strategy of rural households to combat poverty and to improve economic well-being. The analysis reveals clearly that the entire income gap and most of the gap in economic well-being between households with and without migrants can be accounted by availability of remittances. However, the remittances also increase economic inequality (i.e. disparities in well-being) among households in the communities as well-known. Finally, the absence of adult children (for the elderly) or parents (for children) because of international labour migration does not create major disruptions of the non-economic well-being of the family members. The possibilities for frequent correspondence, returns, and the economic benefits of migration contribute to cushion the negative impacts of migration. Most of all, the extended family system plays a decisive role in functioning as a support mechanism.
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Rojnkureesatien, Kriengsak Walsh Stephen J. "Geographical accessibility and land-use and land-cover dynamics the case of Nang Rong district, northeast Thailand /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,236.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Geography." Discipline: Geography; Department/School: Geography.
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Kislat, Carmen [Verfasser]. "Rural credit markets and their impact on vulnerability to poverty : empirical evidence from Northeast Thailand / Carmen Kislat." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046028367/34.
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Jongudomkarn, Darunee. "Nursing perspectives on women, health and work in the socio-cultural context of poor communities in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/603.
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Women from poor communities in Northeast Thailand can be considered as a disadvantaged group who have struggled against several problems in their daily living and who have worked hard to sustain their lives through unskilled labour. In such a strong Buddhist culture these women have vital roles within the household and in earning money. The combination of which it is suggested, has had an impact on their physical and psychological health. In Thailand, there is limited data available about such women's health, life experience and work. A better understanding of their situation is required in order to inform and redesign effective health intervention programmes to promote the health and well-being of women from these communities. An holistic nursing perspective was used to inform the design of this research. Only by understanding the context, the living experiences and the understandings of the women themselves is it possible to construct effective health intervention programmes. Thus the purpose of the study was to understand women's health and work in the sociocultural context of poverty in Northeast Thailand. A combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques were used in the overall data collection process. The study was conducted in two distinct phases. Phase 1 provided an overall of baseline account of the socio-cultural context of six communities and the health of a sample of women who live therein. It involved focus group interviews (N=102) with residents and a survey (N=209) of households. Phase 2 was a more focused case study (N=49) of women's life experiences, their health and work in one selected community. Phase 1 of the study found that the majority of women had a substantial role in household economics. Coping strategies that women frequently used were `Tam Chai' (accept and not think too much about it). The majority of women in the communities were primary breadwinners and were self-employed as vendors. Regarding women's health, the findings showed a high level of musculoskeletal and psychological complaints. The study showed that nearly all of the women were optimists and felt happy. In the second phase of the study. Buddhism and the Thai way of living emerged as the major factors which influenced women's views on health and well being. The data illustrated that women struggled to survive in the community and that they had to work hard to make ends meet. Women used networks in the community as resources for coping. They saw `health in terms of being strong enough to work and earn a living'. Health per se is the lowest priority in their life. To work and earn money to support their families is the highest. Indeed, the Buddhist teaching of `self-reliance' has a great impact on them. The conclusions reached suggest that nursing interventions and health campaigns could be used to promote and maintain the optimum health of women and their families. Finally recommendations are made with regard to further research; development of services; development of nurse-education and health promotion for women in low-income communities.
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Donkaewbua, Siriporn. "Empowering women's self-care : a participatory approach to prevent HIV/AIDS for women and children in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/636.
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Across Thailand there has been a general reduction in the incidence rate of HIV infection in all but one special population group: married women and their offspring whilst the incidence rate is relatively low (1.2%) it has remained steady for a number of years. This participatory approach aims to understand the married women's points of view and to facilitate their self-care to prevent HIV/AIIDS for themselves and their next child. The research utilised a three phase design: exploratory, explanatory and intervention phases. The findings from the first two phases have substantively informed the construction of the intervention phase. The overall findings of the research indicated that women have general knowledge about HIV/AlIDS and carried out general self-care practices. Specific self-care practices however were lacking. Through the participatory intervention phase the research has been able to illuminate a number of important factors pertaining to women's self-care most-noticeably: the importance of support; the strategies women adopt to balance health and social risk; the importance of consciousness raising; and the need for culturally sensitive health care programmes. The research concludes by presenting an analytical model of women's self-care for the prevention of HIV/AIDS and makes a series of recommendations with regard to the development of existing Thai health care services, the enhancement of the current educational curricula, and the incorporation of participatory approaches in health promotion and health care provision for families.
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Wongchachom, Chumnong. "An investigation into a community information database system in the northeast of Thailand community empowerment through community learning centres /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0018.html.
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Homma, Koki. "Quantifying the toposequential distribution of environmental resources and its relationship with rice productivity in rainfed lowland in Northeast Thailand." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78135.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第9611号
農博第1239号
新制||農||841(附属図書館)
学位論文||H14||N3643(農学部図書室)
UT51-2002-G369
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 堀江 武, 教授 櫻谷 哲夫, 教授 小﨑 隆
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Sakondhavat, Arnunchanog. "Understanding poverty dynamics using a mixed-method study : evidence from the rural village in the northeast and central regions of Thailand." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/46488/.
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This study is one of the first attempts to understand the long-term mechanisms of poverty dynamics at the household level in rural villages in Thailand. It does so by identifying dynamic patterns of poverty and by examining the factors and processes that underlie poverty dynamics in two major rice production regions of Thailand, namely, Khon Kaen province in the Northeast, Thailand's poorest region, and Suphanburi province in the Central plain, one of the richest regions of the country. The study is based on a survey of a panel of 240 households that were originally interviewed in 1988, and followed and interviewed again in 2009 for the purpose of this longitudinal study. The contrast between the survey areas is deliberate and has been useful for comparing economic and social structural changes of rural households across two decades, as well as examining disparities in the opportunities and resources between the two regions. In order to capture the complex and multidimensional nature of poverty, the study combines quantitative and qualitative methods in the analysis of poverty dynamics in Thailand. A quantitative survey analysis was merged with qualitative assessments by using the same sampling frame and then sequentially integrating life history interviews. The results show that both quantitative and qualitative approaches provide similar patterns of poverty transition. Notably, the study has found that the proportions of households moving into and out of poverty were higher than those remaining in chronic poverty, similarly to most experiences of poverty mobility in other developing countries. In addition, the study demonstrates the benefits of using a mixed-method approach for examining the factors underlying poverty dynamics. The study argues that combining these two approaches provides a richer insight of how rural households' economic, social and demographic characteristics have been associated with poverty dynamics. A number of similar factors that influence households' poverty dynamics were identified in both quantitative and qualitative approaches. These include asset factors, demographic factors and employment factors. However, the qualitative approach has provided further insight into additional contextual factors and processes not easily identified by the quantitative approach, notably the impact of ill-health shocks and behavioural factors. Understanding the distinction between the patterns of poverty dynamics and the mechanisms explaining them is of crucial importance for policy interventions. The implications derived from this study of poverty dynamics seek to strengthen poverty reduction efforts in Thailand, as well as to derive useful lessons to other developing countries.
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Tungulboriboon, Sutthiluck. "Creating health through self-care : an explanatory study of teenagers with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Northeast Thailand." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289086.
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Borchers, Friedrich [Verfasser]. "Introducing liquid culture medium for tuberculosis in northeast Thailand : an evaluation of changes in culture yield and speed of drug susceptibility testing / Friedrich Borchers." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/102375018X/34.
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Thungsakul, Nopadon. "A syntactic analysis of spatial configuration towards the understanding of continuity and change in vernacular living space a case study in the upper northeast of Thailand /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/anp1269/nopadon'sDSS.PDF.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2001.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 208 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-207).
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Murphy, Stephen. "The Buddhist boundary markers of northeast Thailand and central Laos, 7th-12th Centuries C.E. : towards an understanding of the archaeological, religious and artistic landscapes of the Khorat Plateau." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/12204/.
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Venunan, P. "An archaeometallurgical study of iron production in Ban Kruat, lower Northeast Thailand : technology and social development from the Iron Age to the Imperial Angkorian Khmer (fifth century BC - fifteenth century AD)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1501057/.
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Iron has long been regarded as a crucial element facilitating at least two key activities at the centre of the economic and political history of lower Northeast Thailand from the Iron Age (500BC-AD500) to the fall of Angkor in AD1453: agriculture and construction of water conservation. Both sectors are thought to have been mechanisms manipulated by local and regional elites to generate and maintain wealth and power. Building upon this claim, iron production may have also had a major socioeconomic role in society. However, despite many side references to the abundance of iron-related remains in the archaeological record, little is known about the primary production of iron and its spatial distribution in this region, and the evidence has rarely been explored to its full potential to construct arguments from a technological and craft production point of view. To better our understanding of this industry and its role in the broader cultural landscape of lower Northeast Thailand, this thesis focused on iron production remains. Slag, technical ceramics, and laterite fragments (possible ore) found at slag deposits in Ban Kruat in Buriram province, and broadly dated from the Iron Age to the Angkorian Khmer period, were analysed. The aims were to reconstruct the chaîne opératoire of Ban Kruat ironmaking technology, and to use these technical with broader archaeological and historical knowledge to discuss the environmental and social embeddedness of iron and iron making in the regional setting of lower Northeast Thailand. Archaeometallurgical approaches were employed to extract relevant data from the finds, which were then discussed in social terms with the aid of conceptual frameworks from the social construction of technology and craft production. The results indicate that the whole production landscape was built upon very similar ironmaking practices, resulting in very comparable production waste and debris. The said process involved the smelting of locally available iron and alumina-rich laterite ores inside shaft furnaces under unusually high temperatures and reducing atmospheres, possibly leading to the direct production of carbon-rich iron. The low technical variability of this practice may have been critically constrained by the ore chemistry that forced the smelting practice to be formulated in such a way in order to win metallic iron from the peculiar ore available. This rendered this technology rather resistant to change or improvement, in spite of the profound changes taking place concurrently in lower Northeast Thailand, ranging from the political (chiefdoms, early state, and the empire) to the socioeconomic (community-based specialised production to Angkorian temple-based economic system).
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Wech-O-sotsakda, Chanthana. "ICT in community-based lifelong learning center model for northeast Thailand : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), 2008." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/424.
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This thesis investigates how rural and remote communities in northeast Thailand harness information and communication technologies (ICTs) for community development and develops a new model of ICT-based lifelong learning centre for local communities. The main research questions are: 1. How to adapt ICTs to fit rural communities? 2. How to integrate ICTs into their lifestyle? 3. How to use ICTs to forge stronger ties within and between local communities? 4. How to develop ICTs in community-based lifelong learning centre? The objective of this research is to develop a model of ICT in community-based lifelong learning centers (CLC) that is suitable for northeast Thailand, and to propose policies for implementing ICTs in CLCs. This study used qualitative methodologies to explore the problem. Data collection took place in Thailand between April, 2005 to March, 2006. The fieldwork covered two communities in Krainun Village, Katharawichai District and Khok Yai Community Forest, Wapi Pathum District, Mahasarakham Province. The data collection procedures included using surveys and questionnaires to develop the research agenda with the target groups while focus group techniques were used as the main data-gathering instrument to further investigate their needs and develop the CLC model. Interviews, observations, workshops and study trips were needed for additional data. A triangulation approach was used to analyse the data from surveys, interviews, observations and discussions. The basic data from the surveys were categorised into four aspects: geographical data, public utilities, social data, and economic data. Using the issues-based analysis methodology, the qualitative data from the focus groups were analysed and interpreted and triangulation was applied to difference data sources. The recorded materials were transcribed and issues related to the research questions were identified. The next step focused on developing the CLC model which applied Knowles’ program development model for adult education and training. This focus on process is a distinguishing feature of this research and comprises the ‘new’ characteristic in the model presented. The study showed that the rural communities grasped the benefits of ICTs and through concrete situations, realised that ICTs could meet their needs. ICT learning activities using a hands-on practical approach motivated them to adapt and integrate ICT in their daily life. They applied their experiences to acquire new knowledge and technology. Their CLCs were developed based on a similar model of their understanding of, and motivation to use, ICT. The model of CLC in both communities is based on their needs, including the concept of establishing a CLC, CLC objectives, CLC management, implementation and evaluation.
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Mee-Udon, Farung. "The contribution of universal health insurance coverage scheme to villagers' wellbeing in northeast Thaila." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512326.
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DaGrossa, Pamela S. "The meanings of sex university students in northeast Thailand /." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=765031451&SrchMode=2&sid=12&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233252104&clientId=23440.
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