Journal articles: 'Northeast China'

1

Zagoria, Donald S., and Harry Harding. "China and Northeast Asia." Foreign Affairs 67, no. 1 (1988): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20043755.

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2

Haiqing, Hu, and Wang Ke. "Fire in Northeast China forests." Journal of Northeast Forestry University 2, no. 1 (May 1991): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02874788.

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3

Park, Jeongwon Bourdais. "Ethnic Relations in Northeast China." European Journal of East Asian Studies 16, no. 1 (2017): 36–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01601001.

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This article discusses the dynamic changes in ethnic relations that have taken place in the Joseonjok (Chaoxianju) community comprising minority Koreans residing in and around Yanbian, an autonomous prefecture in northeastern China, and discusses the implications of those changes for the region. The main focus is on how the tension between China’s fluctuating ethnicity-related politics and this diaspora group’s continual struggle for a collective identity has been managed and internalised. Contrary to existing studies on the Joseonjok, the paper argues that the group has experienced de-ethnicisation, both as a top-down (government policy) and bottom-up (diaspora’s reaction) process, rather than ethnic revival. The puzzling question is how and why de-ethnicisation occurs despite the commonly accepted conditions of ethnonationalism and, more recently, with trans-nationalism, heavily influenced by their Korean motherlands. Based primarily on ethnographical research and using a multiculturalism approach, this paper argues that the recent policy failure in dealing with multiculturality in China, together with the changing geopolitics of the region, has accelerated the process of de-ethnicisation. Joseonjok society’s particular way of resisting political pressures and coping with ethnic tension in fact reflects a diaspora’s common struggle to achieve integration with mainstream society while ensuring recognition of its own distinctive characteristics.

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4

Rozman, Gilbert. "Northeast China: Waiting for Regionalism." Problems of Post-Communism 45, no. 4 (July 1998): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10758216.1998.11655794.

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5

Sigurdson, Jon. "Northeast China – cradle of change." Journal of Technology Management in China 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17468770610642759.

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6

Su, Shao Q., and William H. Ahrens. "Weed Management in Northeast China." Weed Technology 11, no. 4 (December 1997): 817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00043499.

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Agricultural production in China occurs via three distinct organizational units: the countryside farmer, state farms, and military farms. The countryside farmer in northeast China carries out most production operations with hand tools, some animal and tractor power, and little additional mechanization. Most weeds in row crops are controlled by hand, although a high percentage of the rice crop is treated with herbicides as is about 20% of the wheat. Countryside farmers independently manage small plots of land. State and military farms, the majority of which are located in China's northeastern-most province of Heilongjiang, are highly mechanized and accomplish most weed control with herbicides. Military farms range from ~500–2,500 ha, and state farms generally occupy 50,000–100,000 ha, with some much larger. Primary crops on the military farms are soybeans, oilseed rape, and wheat. State farms generally have more diversity in crops. The need for herbicide adjuvants to increase postemergence (POST) herbicide efficacy and for reduced tillage practices to combat soil erosion are recognized concerns, as is the threat of herbicide resistance.

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7

Cao, Tong. "Endangered bryophytes in Northeast China." Biological Conservation 59, no. 2-3 (1992): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(92)90591-a.

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8

Zhu, Dan, Xiefei Zhi, Zin Mie Mie Sein, Yan Ji, Xiao Tian, and Mengting Pan. "Possible Relationships between the Interdecadal Anomalies of Heavy Rainfall under Northeastern China Cold Vortexes and the Sea Surface Temperature (SST)." Atmosphere 13, no. 2 (February 19, 2022): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020354.

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As an important component of the East Asian monsoon system, the northeast cold vortex (NECV) exerts a significant impact on weather and climate, especially in Northeast China. This study investigated the interdecadal spatiotemporal variability of heavy rainfall under the cold vortex of Northeast China (NECVHR) and its relationship with sea surface temperature (SST) during 1961–2019 over Northeast China. To investigate the dominant factors affecting variability in the heavy rainfall between May and September, an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis was performed. To detect the trends and changes, a Mann-Kendall (MK) test was used. The sliding t-test was used to identify the change points and the significance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between SST and NECVHR, and the t-test was used to verify the significance. The results showed that the total amount of cold vortex heavy rainfall during May–September ranged from 153 to 12,509 mm for 1961–2019. An abrupt interdecadal change was seen after 2014 in Northeast China. The EOF analyses revealed that the first, second, and third EOFs explain 76%, 12.1%, and 5.5% of the total variance, respectively. The EOF followed the heavy rainfall pattern, with increases in the south (southeast) and decreases in the north (northwest) over Northeast China. Heavy rainfall over Northeast China positively correlated with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) index. The heavier rainfall under cold vortex (MCVHR) years revealed that the equipotential height was obviously located over the Sea of Japan, west of Northeast China and the Qinghai Tibet plateau. The cyclonic circulation over the East China Sea and north (northeasterly) wind prevails over Northeast China during less heavy rainfall under cold vortex (LCVHR) years. A high anticyclonic circulation over the Qinghai Tibet plateau resulted in stronger cold advection over Northeast China. The anticyclonic circulations over the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan (east), and the western (southwesterly) winds prevail over Northeast China, with a relatively shallow cold trough over the Qinghai Tibet plateau. The findings in this paper provided a better understanding of the interdecadal variability of NECVHR over Northeast China. The findings can be helpful for several stakeholders regarding agricultural production, water resource management, and natural habitat conversation in Northeast China.

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9

Wang, Victor X., and Vivian W. Mott. "From Politicized Adult Education to Market Oriented Adult Higher Education." International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/javet.2010100904.

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This study investigated the general instructional modes of adult educators in Southeast China and Northeast China. The study utilized Conti’s (1983, 2004) Principles of Adult Learning Scale (PALS) to measure instructional modes of adult educators. Data were collected from 112 randomly selected participants engaged in teaching Chinese adult learners in Southeast China and Northeast China. The results of the study showed that adult educators in Southeast China were andragogical in their instruction while their counterparts in Northeast China were pedagogical although the difference (p>0.05) between the means of adult educators in Southeast China and Northeast China was not statistically significant.

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10

Fang, Chunsheng, Liyuan Wang, Zhuoqiong Li, and Ju Wang. "Spatial Characteristics and Regional Transmission Analysis of PM2.5 Pollution in Northeast China, 2016–2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 12483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312483.

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Northeast China is an essential industrial development base in China and the regional air quality is severely affected by PM2.5 pollution. In this paper, spatial autocorrelation, trajectory clustering, hotspot analysis, PSCF and CWT analysis are used to explore the spatial pollution characteristics of PM2.5 and determine the atmospheric regional transmission pattern for 40 cities in Northeast China from 2016 to 2020. Analysis of PM2.5 concentration characteristics in the northeast indicates that the annual average value and total exceedance days of PM2.5 concentration in Northeast China showed a U-shaped change, with the lowest annual average PM2.5 concentration (31 μg/m3) in 2018, decreasing by 12.1% year-on-year, and the hourly PM2.5 concentration exploding during the epidemic lockdown period in 2020. A stable PM2.5 pollution band emerges spatially from the southwest to Northeast China. Spatially, the PM2.5 in Northeast China has a high degree of autocorrelation and a south-hot–north-cool characteristic, with all hotspots concentrated in the most polluted Liaoning province, which exhibits the H–H cluster pattern and hotspot per year. Analysis of the air mass trajectories, potential source contributions and concentration weight trajectories in Northeast China indicates that more than 74% of the air mass trajectories were transmitted to each other between the three heavily polluted cities, with the highest mean value of PM2.5 pollution trajectories reaching 222.4 μg/m3, and the contribution of daily average PM2.5 concentrations exceeding 60 μg/m3 within Northeast China. Pollution of PM2.5 throughout the Northeast is mainly influenced by short-range intra-regional transport, with long-range transport between regions also being an essential factor; organized integration is the only fundamental solution to air pollution.

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11

Zhu, Ailing. "Investigation on the Status Quo of Ecological Environment Construction in Northeast China from the Perspective of Dual Carbon Goals." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8360888.

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Since the 20th century, the resources and environment in Northeast China have changed, and it is one of the typical regions that have short-term or high-intensity environmental impacts in the world. However, due to the excessive consumption of regional resources and strong environmental pollution to the atmospheric environment, development is being greatly affected. Maintaining the natural ecological environment has become a very urgent task. This paper studies the important ecological environment problems in Northeast China from the perspective of double carbon goals. The study points out that there are ecological problems in Northeast China, such as the lack of forest resources, the aggravation of desertification, the decline of black soil quality, and the shrinkage of wetlands, which are severe urban environmental protection problems. At the same time, affected by the trend of world environmental change, policy drivers in Northeast China, and some relatively new environmental pollution problems, the natural environmental quality of Northeast China will still have a significant decline in the future. The future development of Northeast China will be based on the perspective of double carbon goals, constantly improve the ecological environment monitoring system, strengthen the research of scientific and technological system, strengthen innovation, and vigorously develop circular economy and further improve the construction of basic systems. Through a series of ecological environment governance and the coordinated development of economy and ecological environment, the dual growth of economy and ecological environment in Northeast China will be realized, and the overall revitalization of the old industrial zone in Northeast China will be realized.

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12

Qian, An, Shuang Yi, Le Chang, Guangtong Sun, and Xiaoyang Liu. "Using GRACE Data to Study the Impact of Snow and Rainfall on Terrestrial Water Storage in Northeast China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 24 (December 19, 2020): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12244166.

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Water resources are important for agricultural, industrial, and urban development. In this paper, we analyzed the influence of rainfall and snowfall on variations in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in Northeast China from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity satellite data, GlobSnow snow water equivalent product, and ERA5-land monthly total precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth data. This study revealed the main composition and variation characteristics of TWS in Northeast China. We found that GRACE provided an effective method for monitoring large areas of stable seasonal snow cover and variations in TWS in Northeast China at both seasonal and interannual scales. On the seasonal scale, although summer rainfall was 10 times greater than winter snowfall, the terrestrial water storage in Northeast China peaked in winter, and summer rainfall brought about only a sub-peak, 1 month later than the maximum rainfall. On the interannual scale, TWS in Northeast China was controlled by rainfall. The correlation analysis results revealed that the annual fluctuations of TWS and rainfall in Northeast China appear to be influenced by ENSO (EI Niño–Southern Oscillation) events with a lag of 2–3 years. In addition, this study proposed a reconstruction model for the interannual variation in TWS in Northeast China from 2003 to 2016 on the basis of the contemporary terrestrial water storage and rainfall data.

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13

Dake, Chen. "Oaks (Quercus spp.) in northeast China." Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1, no. 1 (November 1990): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02874682.

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14

Lankov, Andrei. "North Korean Refugees in Northeast China." Asian Survey 44, no. 6 (November 2004): 856–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2004.44.6.856.

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The current crisis in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea has resulted in an explosive increase in the illegal migration of North Koreans to Northeast China. The refugees' presence is seen as a nuisance by all sides involved, but their experience is increasingly influencing domestic policy in North Korea.

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15

Mao, Shao-zhi, Chuan-biao Wan, and Xiu-yun Qiao. "Cretaceous nonmarine dinoflagellates from northeast China." Grana 38, no. 2-3 (June 1999): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173139908559223.

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16

Zhang, Yangzhen, and Huanguang Niu. "The mire in northeast of China." Chinese Geographical Science 3, no. 3 (September 1993): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02664276.

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17

Qiu, L. P., En Chun Zhu, Hua Zhang Zhou, and L. Y. Liu. "Fracture Toughness of Northeast China Larch." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 661–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.661.

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Wood, as a green and environment-friendly building material, is widely used in building engineering. Naturally grown, wood has various defects like knots, cracks and inclined grain. Fracture Mechanics is thus an efficient tool to investigate the mechanical behavior of wood and wood-based composite products. According to Linear-elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), fracture toughness can be introduced to measure the resistance to crack propagation. Crack was assumed to occur when the stress intensity factorKreached a critical valueKC.Fracture in wood usually involves not only the Mode I type (open) fracture, but also the Mode II type (shear) fracture. For getting a better understanding of the crack growth phenomenon of Northeast China Larch, it is, therefore, essential to assess theKICandKIIC, which are the critical stress intensity factors for Mode I and Mode II type fracture, respectively. In the current study,KICandKIIC, of Northeast China Larch were determined through tests with compact tension specimens and tests with compact symmetric shear specimens, respectively. In addition, the material properties tests were also performed. All of the specimens were cut from the same batch of Glulam beams. Based on the obtained data from experiments, LEFM was employed to explain the fracture failure in the form of crack propagation. Using Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM), simulation of the crack propagation in Mode I and Mode II was performed incorporating ABAQUS. The crack propagation and the load-displacement curves of numerical simulation were in good agreement with experiments, which validated that the proposed numerical approach is suitable for analysis of crack growth in the specimens. As part of a larger program to investigate the fracture behavior of Glulam beams made of Northeast China Larch, this study provides the material properties and validation of the numerical simulation approach. A series of experiments of full-size curved Glulam beams subject to bending and the corresponding simulations extending the numerical approach of this study to the cases of full-size wood composite members are under development.

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18

Gong, Keyu. "China in an Evolving Northeast Asia." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 06, no. 01 (January 2020): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740020500062.

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The Northeast Asian security landscape is fast evolving amid intensifying China-U.S. strategic competition and a still raging coronavirus pandemic. Frequent summit meetings among regional leaders, including the historic meetings between Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un, have not translated into broader security dialogues and joint efforts to build a robust and durable regional security architecture. Divergent security perceptions, America’s dominant security role, and a mosaic pattern of regional security arrangements and mechanisms are the major factors shaping Northeast Asian security dynamics. Beijing remains committed to the declared path of peaceful development amid growing suspicion and concern over its strategic intention and capabilities; with strategic patience and perseverance, it is determined to play a larger role in forging consensus, building institutions, advancing cooperation, and coordinating relations in regional security matters.

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19

Zhang, Xingzhou, Baojun Yang, Fuyuan Wu, and Guoxing Liu. "The lithosphere structure of Northeast China." Frontiers of Earth Science in China 1, no. 2 (May 2007): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11707-007-0021-6.

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20

Shi, Qingling, Yingzhi Lin, Enpei Zhang, Haiming Yan, and Jinyan Zhan. "Impacts of Cultivated Land Reclamation on the Climate and Grain Production in Northeast China in the Future 30 Years." Advances in Meteorology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/853098.

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China, as a large agricultural country as well as a major country with great demand for grain, has played a more and more important role in the international grain market. As Northeast China is one of the major commodity grain bases in China as well as one of the regions with the highest intensity of human activities, it plays an important role in influencing the global food security. This study first generally analyzed the cultivated land reclamation and the climate change of temperature and precipitation in Northeast China during 2000–2010. Then, on the basis of these data, the climatic effects of cultivated land reclamation in Northeast China during 2030–2040 were simulated by the weather research forecast (WRF) model. Finally, the possible effects of the climate change on the grain yield and the potential influence on the food security were analyzed. The simulation result indicated that the temperature in Northeast China would be increasing on the whole, while the precipitation would be decreasing. The result of this study can provide some theoretical support to the agricultural economic development in Northeast China and serve the national macropolicy and food security strategy of the whole China.

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21

Qiu, Ju, and Hong Ming Liu. "Northeast China Rural Residential Passive Solar Design Exploration." Advanced Materials Research 280 (July 2011): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.280.200.

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The promotion and utilization of passive solar technology in Northeast China rural residential constructions which locate in harsh cold climate and underdeveloped economy regions has great advantages and feasibility. Through the regional environmental analysis, this paper launched the Northeast China rural residential passive solar design exploration from the aspects of plan design, residence orientation selection, wall, roof, window and others. By the prerequisite of minimizing the increase in building cost, it provides technical supports for passive solar further applications in Northeast China rural residence.

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22

Liu, Tong, Keping Sun, Yung Chul Park, and Jiang Feng. "Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the greater horseshoe bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, in Northeast Asia." PeerJ 4 (October 11, 2016): e2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2472.

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The greater horseshoe bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, is an important model organism for studies on chiropteran phylogeographic patterns. Previous studies revealed the population history ofR. ferrumequinumfrom Europe and most Asian regions, yet there continue to be arguments about their evolutionary process in Northeast Asia. In this study, we obtained mitochondrial DNA cytband D-loop data ofR. ferrumequinumfrom Northeast China, South Korea and Japan to clarify their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary process. Our results indicate a highly supported monophyletic group of Northeast Asian greater horseshoe bats, in which Japanese populations formed a single clade and clustered into the mixed branches of Northeast Chinese and South Korean populations. We infer thatR. ferrumequinumin Northeast Asia originated in Northeast China and South Korea during a cold glacial period, while some ancestors likely arrived in Japan by flying or land bridge and subsequently adapted to the local environment. Consequently, during the warm Eemian interglaciation, the Korea Strait, between Japan and South Korea, became a geographical barrier to Japanese and inland populations, while the Changbai Mountains, between China and North Korea, did not play a significant role as a barrier between Northeast China and South Korea populations.

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23

Huang, Ru, and Deng Hua Yan. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Drought and Flood in Northeast China." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1075–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1075.

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In order to reduce the losses of drought and flood disasters, the spatiotemporal characteristics and evolution of drought and flood in Northeast China were analyzed by Z index based on the monthly precipitation data of 111 meteorological stations during 1961-2013.The Mann–Kendall test and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the change trend of drought and flood. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Affected by the monsoon climate, flood is concentrated in summer extensively and frequently in Northeast China, while drought is concentrated in winter. (2) Drought mainly occurs in January, February, March, November and December concentrated in east and southeast of Northeast China. Flood is found in May to September. Especially The highest frequency of flood is observed in July (up to 84.9%), next is August with 69.8%, and followed by June with 48.7%. (3)7 months in a year (March-June and October-December ) show wetting trend over Northeast China , while 3 months (July-September) are observed drying trends. Significant upward trend of wet conditions occur in March and December; while significant trends towards drier conditions occur in September. (4) Drought areas dominate the Northeast China in January, February, March, November and December with a decreasing trend. Flood areas dominate the Northeast China from May to September. Extensive flood is most likely occurred in July. Flood area in May and June show an increasing trend, while a decreasing trend is from July to September.

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24

Wang, Z. M., B. Zhang, K. S. Song, D. W. Liu, F. Li, Z. X. Guo, and S. M. Zhang. "Soil organic carbon under different landscape attributes in croplands of Northeast China." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 10 (October 24, 2008): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/402-pse.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) was measured in topsoil samples of agricultural soils from 311 locations of Jiutai County, Northeast China. The spatial characteristics of SOC were studied using the Geographic Information Systems and geostatistics. Effects of other soil physical and chemical properties, elevation, slope, soil type and land use type were explored. SOC concentrations followed a lognormal distribution, with a geometric mean of 1.50%. The experimental variogram of SOC has been fitted with an exponential model. Our results highlighted total nitrogen and pH as the soil properties that have the greatest influence on SOC levels. Upland eroding areas have significantly less SOC than soils in deposition areas. Results showed that, soil type had a significant relationship with SOC, reflecting the effect of soil parent materials. Soil samples from paddy fields and vegetable fields had higher SOC concentrations than those from dry farming land.

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25

Jiao, Yue, Kun Bu, Jiuchun Yang, Guangshuai Li, Lidu Shen, Tingxiang Liu, Lingxue Yu, Shuwen Zhang, and Hengqing Zhang. "Biophysical Effects of Temperate Forests in Regulating Regional Temperature and Precipitation Pattern across Northeast China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 23 (November 24, 2021): 4767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234767.

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The temperate forests in Northeast China are an important ecological barrier. However, the way in which temperate forests regulate the regional temperature and water cycling remains unclear. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the role that temperate forests play in the regulation of the regional temperature and precipitation by combining remote sensing observations with a state-of-the-art regional climate model. Our results indicated that the forest ecosystem could slightly warm the annual air temperature by 0.04 ± 0.02 °C and bring more rainfall (17.49 ± 3.88 mm) over Northeast China. The temperature and precipitation modification function of forests varies across the seasons. If the trees were not there, our model suggests that the temperature across Northeast China would become much colder in the winter and spring, and much hotter in the summer than the observed climate. Interestingly, the temperature regulation from the forest ecosystem was detected in both forested regions and the adjacent agricultural areas, suggesting that the temperate forests in Northeast China cushion the air temperature by increasing the temperature in the winter and spring, and decreasing the temperature in the summer over the whole region. Our study also highlights the capacity of temperate forests to regulate regional water cycling in Northeast China. With high evapotranspiration, the forests could transfer sufficient moisture to the atmosphere. Combined with the associated moisture convergence, the temperate forests in Northeast China brought more rainfall in both forest and agricultural ecosystems. The increased rainfall was mainly concentrated in the spring and summer; these seasons accounted for 93.82% of the total increase in rainfall. These results imply that temperate forests make outstanding contributions to the maintainance of the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China.

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Tian, Yi, Meng Meng, Lyu Mei, and Shifei Dong. "Research on Development Mechanism and Strategy of Folk Art Industry in Northeast of China." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 02064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125302064.

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The folk art forms of northeast of China are rich and varied. They fully presents the cultural of northeast of China. However, with the transformation of China from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial society, people's production mode and life style have changed greatly, and The environment on which folk art depends has huge changed. Some folk art categories are on the verge of extinction, aging and some folk art are lost due to the death of the older generation of artists. The paper presents a study on how to effectively protect and inherit the folk art in northeast China from two follow aspects-- optimization of folk art form and platform construction. Through literature review, research framework, deductive content analysis, combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, research methods were proposed as guidelines for improved to protect and inherit the folk art:1) Research on contemporary cultural ecology of folk art. 2) Rational creative development of folk art industry in northeast of China. 3) Brand cultivation of folk art industry in northeast of China 4) Establishing and improving the standard trading platform and value evaluation system for folk art works 5) Relying on "Internet +" to establish the operation and communication platform for collectors, investors, folk artists and operators.

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27

Qu, Yan, Chulin Pan, and Hongpeng Guo. "Factors Affecting the Promotion of Conservation Tillage in Black Soil—The Case of Northeast China." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 9563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179563.

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Taking the conservation tillage influences of black soil in Northeast China as the research object, the paper is written according to the advice of relevant experts and technicians in Northeast China, the study also calculates the weight of each influencing factor through the Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Then, the significance of the factors affecting the benefit of conservation tillage is analyzed. The results show that, based on the comprehensive analysis, it is concluded that the economic factor is the primary factor affecting the benefit of black soil conservation tillage in Northeast China. Among the twelve influencing factors, eight of them have a significant impact on the development of conservation tillage benefits on black soil in Northeast China. Such as the degree of government subsidy; the adaptability of agricultural machinery; the input of new technology; relevant policies, laws and regulations; the quality of conservation tillage; the income of agricultural machinery farmers; practical application capacity; government publicity. Therefore, in the process of implementing the black soil conservation tillage, we should focus on these influencing factors, which will effectively promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China.

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Zhou, Jie, and Junhu Zhao. "An Intercomparison between ERA-Interim Reanalysis and Observed Precipitation in Northeast China." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/693923.

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Recently, the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) released a new set of reanalysis data—ERA-Interim. We make an intercomparison between ERA-Interim precipitation and observed precipitation in Northeast China. The results show that, in general, the ERA-Interim reanalysis precipitation data can describe the spatial and temporal characteristics of seasonal precipitation in Northeast China well. In terms of spatial distribution, ERA-Interim precipitation is generally consistent with the observation data in different seasons in Northeast China. There is a larger difference in the center of Northeast China than in other areas between the two kinds of data. The ERA-Interim precipitation is larger than observed precipitation in most of Northeast China. In spring, autumn, and winter, the ERA-Interim precipitation value is close to the observation one, while in summer there is a large difference in Liaoning Peninsula and Changbai Mountain between the two kinds of precipitation data. In terms of temporal characteristics, the time series of the ERA-Interim precipitation matches well with the observed precipitation in whole. In different seasons, the annual variation of the ERA-Interim precipitation is well correlated with that of the observed precipitation.

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29

Xie, Zuowei, and Cholaw Bueh. "Different Types of Cold Vortex Circulations over Northeast China and Their Weather Impacts." Monthly Weather Review 143, no. 3 (February 27, 2015): 845–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-14-00192.1.

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Abstract A deep and cold vortex circulation often occurs over northeast China. Known as the northeast China cold vortex (NCCV), the phenomenon is most active from May to mid-June and can lead to extremely cold local temperatures. This study used rotated principle component analysis to categorize NCCV events into four types, which were characterized by ridges (or blocks) over the following regions: Lake Baikal (BKL), the Yenisei River valley (YNS), the Ural Mountains (UR), and the Yakutsk–Okhotsk region (YO). On the intraseasonal time scale, it was found that BKL- and YNS-type NCCVs formed when the wave train height anomalies originating from the North Atlantic and Europe propagated to East Asia. In contrast, YO- and UR-type NCCVs formed in conjunction with the development of a meridional dipole pattern over northeast Asia. The existence of a blocking-type circulation over the Yakutsk–Okhotsk region favored maintenance of the NCCV circulation for the long-lived (more than 5 days) NCCV events of the four types. The typical circulation over northeast Asia for the long-lived NCCV event was closely associated with wave breaking, whereas the short-lived (3–5 days) event showed only wave propagation. The YNS-type NCCV caused cold surface air temperatures (SAT) not only over northeast China, but also over central and south China, whereas the other three types led only to regional cold SAT anomalies over northeast China. All four types of NCCVs caused a precipitation increase over northeast China, and this effect was broader for the UR- and YO-type NCCVs than that for BKL- and YNS-type NCCVs.

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30

JO, SAM-SANG. "The Blind Men, the Elephant, and Regional Order in Northeast Asia: Towards a New Conceptualization." Japanese Journal of Political Science 16, no. 4 (October 28, 2015): 507–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109915000286.

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AbstractNo theory seems to describe accurately and explain competently the new, unusual, and idiosyncratic Northeast Asian regional order phenomenon. It is because Northeast Asian specialists like the blind men have seen only one of the parts of the ‘Elephant’ or a part of what is taking place in Northeast Asia. This paper attempts to employ a new, more appropriate, more productive analytical tool to understand and navigate efficiently the Northeast Asian regional order. The main objective of this paper is ‘the rise of China and Northeast Asian regional order’, what it is and what is taking place in the empirical world when we say that something we call ‘the rise of China and Northeast Asian regional order’ is taking place.

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Xu, Qinwang, Xuejiao Zhang, Jiaxing Li, Jiaru Ren, Lili Ren, and Youqing Luo. "Pine Wilt Disease in Northeast and Northwest China: A Comprehensive Risk Review." Forests 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020174.

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Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) is China’s most serious forest disease in recent decades. Its complex disease system with unclear pathogenesis and differentiated pathogenicity makes it challenging to manage and control. PWD has spread rapidly in Northeast and Northwest China in recent years, exceeding previous predictions and the traditional understanding of its potential distribution. This paper reviewed the comprehensive risk of PWD in Northeast and Northwest China through the occurrence of influencing factors. Regarding PWN’s temperature resistance, all regions of China are suitable for PWD. In terms of altitude, the PWD system is mainly distributed below 1000 m. In China, Pinus and Larix species are confirmed host trees of PWN, while Monochamus alternatus and M. saltuarius are confirmed vector insects of PWN. In this case, PWD may occur in all low-altitude pine forests in China. Northeast China has a higher risk than Northwest China due to its distribution of suitable host trees and vector beetles at low altitudes. To confront the threat, two scientific bottlenecks are required to be demonstrated. The first is the pathogenicity of Chinese PWN strains to Chinese Picea and Abies species. The other is the geographical distribution and highest altitude distribution of other Monochamus species in the Palaearctic region of China and their PWN transmission ability. We also suggest strengthening plant quarantining in Northeast China. In conclusion, this review comprehensively analyzes the risk of PWD in Northeast and Northwest China in terms of temperature, altitude, host trees, and vector insects. It provides a new perspective and reference for the management and research of PWD in China.

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Gao, Zhenjun, Shujie Li, Xiufeng Cao, and Yuefen Li. "Carbon Emission Intensity Characteristics and Spatial Spillover Effects in Counties in Northeast China: Based on a Spatial Econometric Model." Land 11, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11050753.

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Under the “double carbon” target, it is important to reduce carbon emissions in each region. Using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), the center of gravity method, and spatial econometric models, we analyzed the characteristics and spatial spillover effects of carbon emission intensity in counties in Northeast China from 2000 to 2020 and made recommendations to the government for more reasonable carbon reduction strategies in order to achieve sustainable development. The results were as follows: (1) Since 2000, the carbon emission intensity in Northeast China has increased after first declining, and the carbon emission intensity in the western and northern regions of Northeast China has increased faster than Northeast China’s average. (2) After 2000, the spatial aggregation of carbon emission intensity has improved in Northeast China. (3) Northeast China’s carbon emission intensity has a positive spatial spillover effect. Through the feedback mechanism, the growth in population size, the rise in economic development level, the level of industrialization as well as the rise in living standard, the land use structure dominated by arable land and construction land, and the increase in urbanization level in the region will cause the carbon emission intensity in the surrounding areas to increase. An increase in public expenditures leads to a decrease in carbon emission intensity in the adjacent area. (4) When the vegetation cover exceeds its threshold value, it can have a larger inhibitory influence on carbon emission intensity. To summarize, each county in Northeast China is a carbon emission reduction community, and policymakers must consider the spatial spillover effect of carbon emission intensity when developing policies.

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Xu, Gang, Tianyi Zeng, Hong Jin, Cong Xu, and Ziqi Zhang. "Spatio-Temporal Variations and Influencing Factors of Country-Level Carbon Emissions for Northeast China Based on VIIRS Nighttime Lighting Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010829.

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This paper constructs a county-level carbon emission inversion model in Northeast China. We first fit the nighttime light data of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) with local energy consumption statistics and carbon emissions data. We analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of county-level energy-related carbon emissions in Northeast China from 2012 to 2020. At the same time, we use the geographic detector method to analyze the impact of various socio-economic factors on county carbon emissions under the single effect and interaction. The main results are as follows: (1) The county-level carbon emission model in Northeast China is relatively more accurate. The regression coefficient is 0.1217 and the determination coefficient R2 of the regression equation is 0.7722. More than 80% of the provinces have an error of less than 25%, meeting the estimation accuracy requirements. (2) From 2012 to 2020, the carbon emissions of county-level towns in Northeast China showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing from 461.1159 million tons in 2012 to 405.752 million tons in 2020. It reached a peak of 486.325 million tons in 2014. (3) The regions with higher carbon emission growth rates are concentrated in the northern and coastal areas of Northeast China. The areas with low carbon emission growth rates are mainly distributed in some underdeveloped areas in the south and north in Northeast China. (4) Under the effect of the single factor urbanization rate, the added values of the secondary industry and public finance income have higher explanatory power to regional emissions. These factors promote the increase of county carbon emissions. When fiscal revenue and expenditure and the added value of the secondary industry and per capita GDP interact with the urbanization rate, respectively, the explanatory power of these factors on regional carbon emissions will be enhanced and the promotion of carbon emissions will be strengthened. The research results are helpful for exploring the changing rules and influencing factors of county carbon emissions in Northeast China and for providing data support for low-carbon development and decision making in Northeast China.

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Lin, Mingwei. "Analysis of Energy Structure in Northeast China." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 714, no. 4 (March 1, 2021): 042031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/714/4/042031.

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35

Chen, Bijia, Cameron Campbell, and Hao Dong. "Interethnic marriage in Northeast China, 1866–1913." Demographic Research 38 (March 9, 2018): 929–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/demres.2018.38.34.

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Lu, Fei. "Reflections on the Revitalization of Northeast China." Journal of Modern Education Review 6, no. 5 (May 15, 2016): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jmer(2155-7993)/05.06.2016/003.

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37

Finn, Chad, Joseph Postman, and Maxine Thompson. "Small Fruit Germplasm Collection in Northeast China." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 439C—439. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.439c.

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The wealth of small fruit genetic resources present in China is recognized; however, very little collection and subsequent incorporation of this germplasm have taken place. From July to Aug. 1996, we collected small fruit germplasm with Chinese colleagues in northeast China. The collection area was primarily in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces; from the Russian border (53°N) to the North Korean border and south to 42°N. Collections were made in the Changbai Shan, Xio Hinggan Ling, and Da Hinggan Ling mountain ranges. The primary genera of interest included Rubus, Ribes, Vaccinium, and Fragaria. In addition, species within Corylus, Actinidia, Lonicera, Sambucus, and Schizandra were collected along with ornamental trees, herbaceous perennials, and shrubs when available. Seed was shared with our Chinese colleagues. Collections have been deposited within the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System. The most-promising collections included: an extremely large fruited Rubus crataegifolius population, many populations of Vaccinium uliginosum and V. vitis-idaea from a broad geographic range, large samples of F. orientalis, and a number of populations of the edible Lonicera caerulea. The collected species, collection sites, and observations will be presented.

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38

Dai, Yu-Cheng. "A checklist of polypores from Northeast China." Karstenia 40, no. 1-2 (2000): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29203/ka.2000.347.

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Cong, Zhentao, Qinshu Li, Kangle Mo, Lexin Zhang, and Hong Shen. "Ecohydrological optimality in the Northeast China Transect." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 5 (May 10, 2017): 2449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2449-2017.

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Abstract. The Northeast China Transect (NECT) is one of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) terrestrial transects, where there is a significant precipitation gradient from east to west, as well as a vegetation transition of forest–grassland–desert. It is remarkable to understand vegetation distribution and dynamics under climate change in this transect. We take canopy cover (M), derived from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as an index to describe the properties of vegetation distribution and dynamics in the NECT. In Eagleson's ecohydrological optimality theory, the optimal canopy cover (M*) is determined by the trade-off between water supply depending on water balance and water demand depending on canopy transpiration. We apply Eagleson's ecohydrological optimality method in the NECT based on data from 2000 to 2013 to get M*, which is compared with M from NDVI to further discuss the sensitivity of M* to vegetation properties and climate factors. The result indicates that the average M* fits the actual M well (for forest, M* = 0.822 while M = 0.826; for grassland, M* = 0.353 while M = 0.352; the correlation coefficient between M and M* is 0.81). Results of water balance also match the field-measured data in the references. The sensitivity analyses show that M* decreases with the increase of leaf area index (LAI), stem fraction and temperature, while it increases with the increase of leaf angle and precipitation amount. Eagleson's ecohydrological optimality method offers a quantitative way to understand the impacts of climate change on canopy cover and provides guidelines for ecorestoration projects.

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Jia, Peter. "The transition to farming in northeast China." Before Farming 2008, no. 4 (January 2008): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bfarm.2008.4.2.

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Christoffersen, Gaye. "Economic Reforms in Northeast China: Domestic Determinants." Asian Survey 28, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 1245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2644744.

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Tan, C. H., H. P. Dai, J. Lu, and W. Shi. "Raspberry production in greenhouse in Northeast China." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1277 (April 2020): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1277.36.

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Zhang, Aijing, Chi Zhang, Jinggang Chu, and Guobin Fu. "Human-Induced Runoff Change in Northeast China." Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 20, no. 5 (May 2015): 04014069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001078.

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Xintian, Yu. "China and Northeast Asian regional security cooperation." Asia-Pacific Review 12, no. 2 (November 2005): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13439000500392950.

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Christoffersen, Gaye. "Economic Reforms in Northeast China: Domestic Determinants." Asian Survey 28, no. 12 (December 1988): 1245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1988.28.12.01p0219o.

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46

Honda, Satoru. "Slab stagnation and detachment under northeast China." Tectonophysics 671 (March 2016): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.01.025.

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Wang, Ji, Liyao Zou, Chunyu Zhao, and Dejun Lou. "Inhomogeneity characteristics of snow in Northeast China." Journal of Geographical Sciences 21, no. 4 (July 16, 2011): 621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11442-011-0868-z.

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Yau Laurence Yuen, Chin. "Regional economies and potentials of Northeast China." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 7, no. 1 (November 17, 2008): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14770020810918174.

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Wang, D., and L. Ba. "Ecology of meadow steppe in northeast China." Rangeland Journal 30, no. 2 (2008): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj08005.

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Native grassland in China is mostly meadow, typical or desert steppe and comprises 400 million hectares, ~40% of the land area. We review past research on the meadow steppe of north-east China. Our foci are plant adaptation to climate, edaphic-related and defoliation stresses, vegetation production, grassland management, herbivore foraging behaviour, safe stocking rates, plant-animal interactions, ecosystem functioning, conservation of biodiversity and the influence of climate change on grassland function. Recent studies have provided some insights into ecological processes and functioning of meadow steppe, and have enabled better identification of research opportunities. Key areas identified for future research include plant adaptation, grassland function and value, monitoring of range health, ecological consequences of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem function.

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Song, Unsook, Joonmoh Park, and Manman Song. "Pollen morphology ofPinus(Pinaceae) in northeast China." Forest Science and Technology 8, no. 4 (December 2012): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2012.704973.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Northeast China'

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