Journal articles: 'North-Western Sicily'

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Tranchina, L., S. Bellia, M. Brai, S. Hauser, S. Rizzo, A. Bartolotta, and S. Basile. "Chemistry, mineralogy and radioactivity inposidonia oceanicameadows from North-Western Sicily." Chemistry and Ecology 20, no. 3 (June 2004): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757540410001689803.

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Di Maggio, Cipriano, Giuliana Madonia, Marco Vattano, Valerio Agnesi, and Salvatore Monteleone. "Geomorphological evolution of western Sicily, Italy." Geologica Carpathica 68, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2017-0007.

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Abstract This paper proposes a morphoevolutionary model for western Sicily. Sicily is a chain–foredeep–foreland system still being built, with tectonic activity involving uplift which tends to create new relief. To reconstruct the morphoevolutionary model, geological, and geomorphological studies were done on the basis of field survey and aerial photographic interpretation. The collected data show large areas characterized by specific geological, geomorphological, and topographical settings with rocks, landforms, and landscapes progressively older from south to north Sicily. The achieved results display: (1) gradual emersion of new areas due to uplift, its interaction with the Quaternary glacio-eustatic oscillations of the sea level, and the following production of a flight of stair-steps of uplifted marine terraces in southern Sicily, which migrates progressively upward and inwards; in response to the uplift (2) triggering of down-cutting processes that gradually dismantle the oldest terraces; (3) competition between uplift and down-cutting processes, which is responsible for the genesis of river valleys and isolated rounded hills in central Sicily; (4) continuous deepening over time that results in the exhumation of older and more resistant rocks in northern Sicily, where the higher heights of Sicily are realized and the older forms are retained; (5) extensional tectonic event in the northern end of Sicily, that produces the collapse of large blocks drowned in the Tyrrhenian Sea and sealed by coastal-marine deposits during the Calabrian stage; (6) trigger of uplift again in the previously subsiding blocks and its interaction with coastal processes and sea level fluctuations, which produce successions of marine terraces during the Middle–Upper Pleistocene stages.

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AGUILAR, RICARDO, MATTHIAS LÓPEZ CORREA, BARBARA CALCINAI, XAVIER PASTOR, ANA DE LA TORRIENTE, and SILVIA GARCIA. "First records of Asbestopluma hypogea Vacelet and Boury-Esnault, 1996 (Porifera, Demospongiae Cladorhizidae) on seamounts and in bathyal settings of the Mediterranean Sea." Zootaxa 2925, no. 1 (June 21, 2011): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2925.1.3.

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The carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma hypogea, was known only from shallow submarine caves (-15 to -26 m) in the Western Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic. Herein A. hypogea is reported from outside of caves, on seamounts in the Alboran Sea (-167 m), off the Balearics (-100 m) and north off Sicily (-660 m), and along steep bathyal escarpments in the Strait of Sicily (~700 m). These deeper ROV-based findings of A. hypogea are conform to the typical deep-sea occurrence of the Cladorhizidae.

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Brullo, Salvatore, CRISTIAN BRULLO, PAOLO COLOMBO, GIANPIETRO GIUSSO DEL GALDO, VINCENZO ILARDI, and ROSARIA PERRONE. "Dianthus borbonicus (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Sicily." Phytotaxa 233, no. 1 (October 30, 2015): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.233.1.3.

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Dianthus borbonicus a new species occurring in North-Western Sicily is described and illustrated. It is a rare chasmophyte belonging to the D. sylvestris group, which is exclusive of a rupestrian stand near Rocca Busambra (Ficuzza). Its macro- and micromorphological features (seed testa sculptures, and leaf anatomy), ecology, conservation status and a comparison with the related species are provided too.

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Orecchio, Barbara, Silvia Scolaro, Josep Batlló, Giancarlo Neri, Debora Presti, Daniel Stich, and Cristina Totaro. "New Results for the 1968 Belice, South Italy, Seismic Sequence: Solving the Long-Lasting Ambiguity on Causative Source." Seismological Research Letters 92, no. 4 (March 10, 2021): 2364–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200277.

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Abstract We present the first estimates of moment tensor solutions and probabilistic nonlinear hypocenter locations for the 1968 Belice earthquake sequence, which is the most relevant seismic activity occurred in western Sicily in historical times. This seismic phase, including six earthquakes with magnitude between 5 and 6.4, produced severe damages and fatalities in a sector of the Nubia–Eurasia plate margin, previously considered aseismic. Poorly constrained and often controversial hypocenter locations and focal mechanism solutions available from the literature have led to a long-lasting ambiguity on the possible causative source of the sequence, also having primary effects on the regional seismotectonic modeling and seismic hazard evaluations. The two main fault models proposed in the literature alternatively assigned a primary role to the north-northwest-trending Nubia–Eurasia plate convergence, causing thrust faulting on about east-trending structures or to the differential foreland retreat driving dextral strike-slip movements on about north–south-oriented faults. By focusing on the starting and the most energetic phase of the 1968 sequence, we computed the moment tensor solutions for three of the strongest earthquakes using digitized waveforms and a time-domain waveform inversion technique. Then, we also analyzed, by means of a Bayesian hypocenter location technique, the spatial distribution of the 1968 earthquakes. All the results indicate that the 1968 Belice sequence was characterized by predominant reverse faulting occurring on about east-to-northeast-trending structures, thus solving the dualism between models previously proposed in the literature. Our findings well agree both with the geodynamic framework governed by the Nubia–Eurasia north-northwest-trending convergence and with the geological reconstructions of the regional thrust front in the western Sicily area. The results of moment tensor estimations and nonlinear hypocenter locations furnishing an improved knowledge of the most relevant seismic activity of western Sicily also concur to better constraint the seismotectonic modeling of the region.

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Brullo, Salvatore, Cristian Brullo, Salvatore Cambria, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, and Vincenzo Ilardi. "Silene crassiuscula (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Sicily." Phytotaxa 239, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.239.1.3.

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Silene crassiuscula,, a new species of S. sect. Dipterosperma, is described and illustrated from North-Western Sicily. It is an annual halophyte with succulent growing on carbonatic or calcarenitic rocks of coastal stands. From the morphological point of view , S. crassiuscula appears to be similar to the species belonging to the S. colorata group especially to S. nummica, from Sardinia, from which it differs in several features chiefly regarding the habit, leaves, inflorescences, floral pieces and seed micro-morphology. An analytical key of the taxa belonging to this section is also provided.

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Zuccon, Dario, Jean-Marc Pons, Giovanni Boano, Giorgio Chiozzi, Anita Gamauf, Chiara Mengoni, Davide Nespoli, et al. "Type specimens matter: new insights on the systematics, taxonomy and nomenclature of the subalpine warbler (Sylvia cantillans) complex." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190, no. 1 (January 17, 2020): 314–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz169.

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Abstract We revise the taxonomy of the Sylvia cantillans complex, a group of phenotypically distinct warblers with mainly parapatric distributions around a large part of the Mediterranean basin. We redefine the species limits using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear markers and we objectively link available names to the genetically defined lineages by genotyping the surviving type specimens. In addition, the study of archival documents clarifies the exact composition of type series and provides further evidence for the identification of lost types. These results support the recognition of three species-level taxa: Moltoni’s warbler, Sylvia subalpina (north-central Italy, Corsica, Sardinia and the Balearics); the western subalpine warbler, S. iberiae (North Africa, Iberia, southern France and extreme north-west Italy); and the eastern subalpine warbler, S. cantillans, with subspecies S. cantillans cantillans (southern Italy, Sicily) and S. cantillans albistriata (Balkans, Greece, western Turkey).

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Panzeca, Patrizia, Angelo Troia, and Paolo Madonia. "Aquatic Macrophytes Occurrence in Mediterranean Farm Ponds: Preliminary Investigations in North-Western Sicily (Italy)." Plants 10, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071292.

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Mediterranean wetlands are severely affected by habitat degradation and related loss of biodiversity. In this scenario, the wide number of artificial farm ponds can play a significant role in the biodiversity conservation of aquatic flora. In the present contribution we show the preliminary results of a study on Mediterranean farm ponds of north-western Sicily (Italy), aimed to investigating the environmental factors linked to the occurrence of submerged macrophytes (vascular plants and charophytes). We studied the aquatic flora of 30 ponds and determined the chemical and isotopic composition of their water bodies on a subset of the most representative 10 sites. Results show that (1) farm ponds host few but interesting species, such as Potamogeton pusillus considered threatened at regional level; (2) Chara vulgaris, C. globularis and P. pusillus behave as disturbance-tolerant species, occurring both in nitrates-poor and nitrates-rich waters, whereas Stuckenia pectinata and Zannichellia palustris occur only in nitrates-poor waters. Although farm ponds are artificial and relatively poor habitats, these environments seem to be important for the aquatic flora and for the conservation of the local biodiversity, and can give useful information for the use of macrophytes as bioindicators in the Mediterranean area.

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Sparacio, Ignazio, Salvatore Surdo, Roberto Viviano, Fabio Liberto, and Agatino Reitano. "Land molluscs from the Isola delle Femmine Nature Reserve (north-western Sicily, Italy) (Gastropoda Architaenioglossa Pulmonata)." Biodiversity Journal 12, no. 3 (August 4, 2021): 589–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31396/biodiv.jour.2021.12.3.589.624.

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Agostini, Nicolantonio, Marco Gustin, Jost von Hardenberg, and Michele Panuccio. "Wind Patterns affect Migration Flyways and Flock Size of a Soaring Bird over Sea." Avian Biology Research 9, no. 3 (September 2016): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/175815516x14627928448105.

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Water surfaces are natural barriers for raptors mostly using soaring–gliding flight over land during migration. Among these, the European Honey Buzzard ( Pernis apivorus) is a total migrant, breeding in Europe and wintering in central western Africa. Each spring thousands of buzzards undertake long sea crossings between Tunisia and southern Italy, concentrating over small islands en route to central eastern Europe. The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of wind patterns on the flyways used by these raptors during this critical phase of migration through field observations at four small Mediterranean islands (Pantelleria, Marettimo, Ustica and Panarea) and at the Straits of Messina between 20 April and 20 May 2006–2013. In our analyses, peak days were considered for each site. This eight year multisite study allowed the collection of a large data set. While crossing the Channel of Sicily, migrants concentrated over Pantelleria (southern side of the Channel) during moderate NW winds, and over Marettimo (northern side) during weaker southerly winds. Over the island of Ustica (north-western Sicily, Tyrrhenian Sea) raptors were observed mostly with weak southerly winds. Over the island of Panarea (northeastern Sicily) and at the Straits of Messina, European Honey Buzzards passed with weak winds from W and NW, respectively. The average flock size during the peak days was significantly higher over the island of Pantelleria, where birds migrated during the stronger winds. The results of this study show that wind patterns affect both migration pathways and flocking behaviour of this species while crossing large water surfaces.

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DİNÇ, MUHİTTİN, and YAVUZ BAĞCI. "A new species of Genista sect. Spartocarpus (Fabaceae) from Karaman (Turkey)." Phytotaxa 371, no. 1 (September 25, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.371.1.6.

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Genista Linnaeus (1753: 709) is a large genus of spiny and non-spiny shrubs including over 90 species, mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region but also represented throughout most of western and central Europe, and extending to the southeast of the former USSR, Turkey, Syria and North Africa. The genus is usually arranged into three subgenera and 10 sections (Gibbs 1966, 1968). Among these, Genista subg. Spartocarpus Spach (1844: 240) is widespread in the Balkan Peninsula and the eastern Mediterranean, but has a secondary centre in the Balearic Islands, Sardinia, Sicily, north Africa, and southern Spain (Pardo et al. 2004). According to the most recent generic revision (Gibbs 1966), G. subg. Spartocarpus includes four sections: sect. Spartocarpus, sect. Acanthospartum Spach (1844: 247), sect. Fasselospartum Gibbs (1966: 20) and sect. Cephalospartum Spach (1844: 254).

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Flügel, Erik, Baba Senowbari-Daryan, and George D. Stanley. "Late Triassic dasycladacean alga from northeastern Oregon: significance of first reported occurrence in western North America." Journal of Paleontology 63, no. 3 (May 1989): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000019545.

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An Upper Triassic metaspondyle dasycladacean alga,Diplopora oregonensisn. sp., is described from the Hurwal Formation, southern Wallowa Mountains, northeastern Oregon. It occurs in the accreted Wallowa terrane, which is interpreted as far-travelled relative to the craton of North America. The fossil alga is found in limestone clasts within a limestone–chert–volcanic clast conglomerate of the Hurwal Formation. The new species is related toDiploplora borzaiBystricky, known from the Upper Triassic of the Carpathian Mountains and Sicily, but is distinguished by very small branches and a distinct segmentation of the thalli.Diplopora oregonensisis the first Triassic dasycladacean alga known from the United States, and perhaps from all of North America. The absence of calcareous green algae from rocks of cratonal North America, as well as from most Triassic displaced terranes of the eastern and western Pacific, is in stark contrast to counterparts in the former Tethys region of central Europe, where dasycladacean algae were abundant and contributed significantly to the sediment. This paucity of algae may be related to differences in environment, but more likely is linked to the paleogeographic situation and dispersal abilities of the algae. The similarity of the Oregon dasyclads to species in western Europe, coupled with the lack of dasyclad algae in any other part of North America, is evidence in support of a far-travelled nature for the Wallowa terrane.

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Moore, R. I. "The Birth of Europe as a Eurasian Phenomenon." Modern Asian Studies 31, no. 3 (July 1997): 583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00017078.

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Although they still differ considerably in their willingness to acknowledge it, specialists in the history of north-western Europe in the eleventh and twelfth centuries CE are increasingly treating it as that of the emergence of a new civilization in what had previously been a peripheral region of the Mediterranean-based civilization of the classical west, rather than as a continuation or revival of that civilization itself. In this light Europe, or Latin Christendom as it saw itself, offers a number of striking resemblances to the developments which Lieberman discusses. The most dynamic regions of the new Europe—north-western France, Flanders and lowland England, north-eastern Spain, northern Italy, southern Italy and Sicily—were all peripheral, though in various senses, both to the long-defunct classical civilization and its direct successors, the Byzantine and Abbasid Empires, and to the transitional and much more loosely based ninth-and tenth-century empires of the Franks and Saxons (Ottonians). To this one might add that by the end of the twelfth century the remaining rimlands of the Eurasian continent in a purely geographical sense—Scandinavia, including Iceland, and still more the southern coast of the Baltic and the areas dominated by the rivers which drained into it—were developing very rapidly indeed.

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Espinosa, Free, Georgina A. Rivera-Ingraham, Manuel Maestre, Alexandre R. González, Hocein Bazairi, and José C. García-Gómez. "Updated global distribution of the threatened marine limpet Patella ferruginea (Gastropoda: Patellidae): an example of biodiversity loss in the Mediterranean." Oryx 48, no. 2 (September 20, 2013): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312000580.

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AbstractPatella ferruginea is the most threatened macroinvertebrate in the western Mediterranean, where it is at serious risk of extinction. There is little information on the status of the various populations and most data were published more than 25 years ago. This study provides updated information on the global status of this species, and implications for management and conservation, and tests the hypothesis that population structure can be influenced by collection by people and by the type of substrate. Fifty-five localities were surveyed in Corsica, Sardinia, Tuscany and Sicily, on the islands of Egadi and Pantelleria, and on the Zembra archipelago and Tunisian coasts. The species is extinct on mainland Italy and Sicily but isolated individuals can be found on Egadi and Pantelleria. Populations on Corsica and Sardinia have declined dramatically during the last 25 years. The population in the Zembra archipelago is well preserved, although more widely on Tunisian coasts the species is highly threatened. The information provided here, combined with information from the literature, indicates a strong decline and/or extinction of many populations throughout the western Mediterranean and the presence of healthy populations only in some locations along the north African coast. The species exhibits an increase in density and mean size in areas free of human pressure but the type of substrate (natural or artificial) has no strong influence.

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Katz, Dana. "Barbarism Begins at Home: Islamic Art on Display in Palermo's Museo Nazionale and Sicilian Ethnography at the 1891‐92 Esposizione Nazionale." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00005_1.

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Abstract In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Palermo's Museo Nazionale (National Museum) displayed one of the earliest institutional collections of Islamic art in Western Europe. The museum's director, Antonino Salinas, exhibited objects demonstrating the island's material heritage, including its two-and-a-half centuries of rule by North African dynasties during the medieval period. The prevailing perception elsewhere in post-unification Italy ‐ that Sicily was ungovernable and barbaric in nature ‐ heightened the display's significance. Another exhibition that many Italians would have perceived as representing the 'other' was the Mostra Etnografica Siciliana (Sicilian Ethnographic Exhibition), which the folklorist Giuseppe Pitrè created for the 1891‐92 Palermo Esposizione Nazionale (National Exposition). Highlighting Sicily's volatile image, the Italian press implicitly equated Pitrè's show with the so-called Abyssinian Village, which stood in the exposition fairgrounds and marked the establishment of Italy's first colony in Eritrea at a time of unprecedented imperial expansion. At the National Museum, Salinas remained undeterred, and despite associations of the island's conditions with Africa, he expanded its Islamic holdings. Likewise, Pitrè exhibited costumes, tools, and devotional objects that further accentuated regional differences at the National Exposition. In both displays, Salinas and Pitrè presented what they conceived as Sicily's unique cultural and historical patrimony.

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Stanley, George D., Carlos González-León, Michael R. Sandy, Baba Senowbari-Daryan, Peter Doyle, Minoru Tamura, and Douglas H. Erwin. "Upper Triassic Invertebrates from the Antimonio Formation, Sonora, Mexico." Journal of Paleontology 68, S36 (July 1994): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000062284.

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A diverse Upper Triassic tropical marine fauna from northwestern Sonora, Mexico, includes 31 taxa of tropical invertebrates including scleractinian corals, spongiomorphs, disjectoporoids, “hydrozoans,” thalamid and nonthalamid sponges, spiriferid and terebratulid brachiopods, gastropods, bivalves, coleoids, and anomuran microcoprolites. They occur within the late Karnian to Norian part of the Antimonio Formation (Antimonio terrane), which is juxtaposed against a fragmented portion of the North American craton. Most of the fauna is also known from the Tethys region. Sixteen Sonoran taxa co-occur in the western Tethys and five have never been known outside this region. Four additional taxa (one identified only at genus level) are geographically widespread. Some taxa occur in displaced terranes of North America, especially in west-central Nevada (Luning Formation). A weak link exists with the California Eastern Klamath terrane but stronger ties exist with Peru. Among Sonoran sponges,Nevadathalamia polystomawas previously recognized only from the Luning Formation, western Nevada. SpongesCinnabaria expansa, Nevadathalamia cylindrica, and a coral,Astraeomorpha sonorensisn. sp., are also known from Nevada. The coralsDistichomeandra austriaca, Chondrocoenia waltheri, Pamiroseris rectilamellosa, andAlpinophyllia flexuosaco-occur in central Europe. Two new taxa, a spongiomorph hydrozoan,Stromatoporidium lamellatumn. sp., and a disjectoporoid,Pamiropora sonorensisn. sp., have distinct affinities with the Tethys. The geographically widespread North American brachiopod,Spondylospira lewesensis, andPseudorhaetina antimoniensisn. gen. and sp. are among the Sonoran fauna. The Sonoran coleoid (aulacocerid)Dictyoconites(Dictyoconites) cf.D. reticulatumoccurs in the Tethys realm andCalliconitescf.C. drakeiis comparable with a species from the Eastern Klamath terrane.Calliconites millerin. sp. is the first occurrence of the genus outside Sicily. The bivalvesMyophorigonia jaworskii, M. salasi, andPalaeocardita peruvianaare known from Sonora and Peru. Eight gastropod taxa includeGuidoniacf.G. intermediaandG.cf.G. parvula, both previously known from Peru, andEucycloscala subbisertusfrom the western Tethys. The gastropods are unlike those already known from other North American terranes.

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Tykot, Robert H., and Franco Foresta Martin. "Analysis by pXRF of Prehistoric Obsidian Artifacts From Several Sites on Ustica (Italy): Long-Distance Open-Water Distribution From Multiple Island Sources During the Neolithic and Bronze Ages." Open Archaeology 6, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 348–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0118.

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AbstractThe small island of Ustica was a regular part of the obsidian distribution network in the central Mediterranean, despite its location more than 50 km north of western Sicily. More than 1000 obsidian artifacts from several different sites, ranging in age from the Neolithic through Bronze Age, were analyzed using a non-destructive, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Obsidian from Lipari-Gabellotto dominates the assemblages at all sites tested, yet Pantelleria obsidian from both Balata dei Turchi and Lago di Venere are of notable quantities. Obsidian was not likely a major part of the material transported across open waters to this seemingly remote location, while our data support the hypothesis that some direct travel occurred from the Aeolian Islands to Ustica.

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Claudia Speciale, Roberta Mentesana, Giuseppe Montana, Vincenza Forgia, Filippo Mantia, Giuseppina Battaglia, Mauro Antonio Di Vito, Stefano Vassallo, and Sandro de Vita. "Materials and Tools across Volcanoes: Exploitation of Georesources in Piano dei Cardoni (Ustica, Italy) during Prehistory." Annals of Geophysics 64, no. 5 (December 13, 2021): VO552. http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-8684.

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The paper aims at merging the first results from the analyses of the georesources exploited in the site of Piano dei Cardoni (Ustica island, Italy) during the Neolithic phases of its occupation (Middle-Late Neolithic, 4.7-4.2 ka cal BC). Grinding tools consist of a very varied typology of local volcanic rocks, easy to collect and available very close to the investigated site. A selection of shapes and lithology is applied to reach the best performance of the tools. The elevated number of grinders, pestles, mortars testify to an intense activity of food/plant processing in the site. The absence of chert or obsidian resources on the island pushed the human communities to import such raw materials from the Aeolian islands and probably from the north-western area of Palermo. Pumice is collected on the same island, probably due to the local availability and its good quality. Similarly, local clay resources are used for the manufacture of ceramics, mostly burnished and incised wares. Ustica was therefore almost autonomous for the exploitation of resources, with volcanic rocks readily available in abundance and with the most significant exception being chert and obsidian. This last one probably imported and worked on the island and then moved towards North-Western Sicily.

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Novellino, A., F. Cigna, A. Sowter, M. Ramondini, and D. Calcaterra. "Exploitation of the Intermittent SBAS (ISBAS) algorithm with COSMO-SkyMed data for landslide inventory mapping in north-western Sicily, Italy." Geomorphology 280 (March 2017): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.12.009.

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Egli, Markus, Luciano Gristina, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Jose María Martín Civantos, Antonio Rotolo, Agata Novara, Dagmar Brandová, and Salvatore Raimondi. "From pedologic indications to archaeological reconstruction: deciphering land use in the Islamic period in the Baida district (north-western Sicily)." Journal of Archaeological Science 40, no. 6 (June 2013): 2670–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2013.02.001.

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Carpentieri, Nicole, and Carol Symes. "Introduction." Medieval Globe 5, no. 2 (2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17302/tmg.5-2.1.

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The seven articles in this thematic issue address written responses to different periods of turmoil that impacted Muslim and Christian societies in the western Mediterranean from the ninth to the sixteenth centuries. By highlighting the complexities of the literary artifacts produced in Sicily, al-Andalus, and North Africa, it offers new perspectives on the interactions between Islam and Christendom at a time of traumatic transition from one political and religious hegemony to another, as reflected in a variety of genres: apologetic and hagio-graphical works, interreligious polemics, military and diplomatic dispatches, historiography, travel narratives, and romance. These analyses reveal a cultural panorama in which "internal otherness" and religious rivalry are both generative forces within a Mediterranean of fungible linguistic and social boundaries, where traditional genres are inflected and re-invented and new vernacular forms arise from multicultural and multi-confessional encounters.

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Lo Iacono, Claudio, Attilio Sulli, and Mauro Agate. "Submarine canyons of north-western Sicily (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea): Variability in morphology, sedimentary processes and evolution on a tectonically active margin." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 104 (June 2014): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.018.

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De Bonis, Alberto, Verena Gassner, Theodoros Ntaflos, Maria Luigia Rizzo, Roman Sauer, Antonia Serritella, Stefano Vassallo, and Babette Bechtold. "5th-Century BC Himera and the Campanian Connection: Petrographic and Archaeological Studies on Western Greek Amphorae from Poseidonia and Elea Unearthed in the Necropolis of Himera." Minerals 10, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030227.

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Within the frame of an in-depth study of the corpus of about 560 western Greek transport amphorae (6th–5th century BC) yielded from excavations at the necropolis of the Dorian-Chalcidian colony of Himera in North-western Sicily, one of the most interesting issues consists in the determination of their provenance. Based on archaeological considerations, nearly 100 items have been attributed to southern Campania, specifically to Poseidonia and Elea. The present paper proposes a detailed combined archaeological-archaeometric investigation of 16 samples discovered at Himera and one at Jerba (Tunisia), of presumed Campanian provenance, compared with 4 local reference samples from Poseidonia and 6 samples of western Greek amphorae found at Pithekoussai and Elea, attributed to Poseidonia by previous archaeometric analysis. All samples have been submitted to a macroscopic fabric examination according to the standard methods of FACEM (Fabrics of the Central Mediterranean) and to petrographic investigation (polarised light microscopy) and digital image analyses of microstructures. Our study points to a Campanian provenance of the investigated amphorae and their distinction in a large group from Poseidonia and a small group from Elea. The identification of a numerous assemblage of 5th century BC Poseidonian transport vessels at Himera substantially underlines an earlier hypothesis about its ‘Campanian connection’ and allows for the reconstruction of an important Tyrrhenian commercial axis.

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Satta, Cecilia Teodora, Silvia Pulina, Mario Bachisio Padedda, Antonella Penna, Nicola Sechi, and Antonella Lugliè. "Water discoloration events caused by the harmful dinoflagellate Alexandrium taylorii Balech in a new beach of the Western Mediterranean Sea (Platamona beach, North Sardinia)." Advances in Oceanography and Limnology 1, no. 2 (December 8, 2010): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiol.2010.5311.

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Alexandrium taylorii is a harmful dinoflagellate species that is able to produce high-biomass blooms accompanied by water discoloration. These harmful events were reported in the Mediterranean basin, in selected small and sheltered beaches along the Catalan coasts and in the Balearic Islands and Sicily. In recent years the organism has been spreading over new Mediterranean areas. In 2007 the presence of A. taylorii was detected in a new beach in the northern coast of Sardinia (Italy). The bloom species caused ephemeral green–brown discoloration of the waters at Platamona beach in the summer months of 2007, 2008 and 2009, with maximum cell densities reaching 7 × 106 cells L−1 in July 2007. During bloom conditions the temperature ranged between 25 and 29°C and the chlorophyll a concentration reached very high values, ranging from 18.2 to 87.3 mg m−3. Reactive phosphorus and inorganic dissolved nitrogen were respectively between 0.04–2.21 µM P and 0.12–2.32 µM N. Our results confirmed the expansion phase of the species in the Mediterranean basin and the possibility of massive proliferation in other open beaches.

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Scopelliti, Giovanna, and Valeria Russo. "Petrographic and geochemical characterization of the Middle‒Upper Jurassic Fe–Mn crusts and mineralizations from Monte Inici (north-western Sicily): genetic implications." International Journal of Earth Sciences 110, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 559–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01971-0.

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AbstractFe–Mn concretions and mineralizations, associated with condensed horizons and hardground, are significant archives in ancient carbonate rocks. Their petro-chemical study allows an assessment of the palaeoenvironmental context in which they were formed also connected to their biotic or abiotic origin. At the western side of the Monte Inici (Fornazzo section, north-western Sicily) a well exposed outcrop of condensed pelagic limestones (Rosso Ammonitico facies: Middle‒Upper Jurassic) is well-known and thoroughly studied. In this section, the base of the Rosso Ammonitico facies consists of a very condensed level rich in fossils with a variable thickness deposited from the early Bathonian to the early/middle Callovian. It is characterized, at the top, by the noticeable presence of Fe–Mn concretions, typical of the Tethyan Jurassic and related to very low sedimentation rates. For this study, Fe–Mn crusts and mineralizations from the Fornazzo section were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, ICP and stable-isotope mass spectrometry. The collected samples, deposited in submarine conditions (as testified by stable oxygen and carbon isotopes), have been subdivided in two typologies with different macroscopic and mineralogical features. The Fe–Mn crusts consist of hematite, todorokite and birnessite and are characterized by a relatively low Mn/Fe ratio. Their content in trace elements, rare earths and yttrium (REY) is compatible with a hydrogenetic origin involving the oxy-hydroxides colloids precipitation directly from seawater. Microbially mediated processes are here testified by the recognition of filamentous and coccoid-shaped microstructures referable to coexistence of chemosynthetic fungi and photosynthetic cyanobacteria and accounting for a deposition in the deep euphotic zone. An average growth rate of ~ 8.5 mm/Myr for the Fe–Mn crusts, estimated by cobalt concentrations, suggests a time elapsed for deposition of ~ 3.5 ± 1 Myr. This value is compatible with the stratigraphic gap embracing the time span from the early/middle Callovian to the middle Oxfordian. In the neighbouring pelagic limestones, Fe–Mn deposits are present in the form of micro-dendrites mainly consisting of pyrolusite, sometimes associated with carbonato-fluorapatite. The geochemical composition gives evidence of a prevalent early diagenetic origin with precipitation, at the sediment/water interface or in the first centimeters of sediments, of metals diffused from the crusts as consequence of fluctuating redox conditions. Although the well-preserved Frutexites texture is commonly related to a microbial activity, other bacterial microstructures have not been recognized, having probably been obliterated during the growth of the dendrites. Nevertheless, it is possible to suppose a deepening in the bathymetry consistent with the involvement of chemosynthetic microorganisms in the formation of Frutexites structures.

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Gianguzzi, Lorenzo, Orazio Caldarella, and Salvatore Pasta. "A new association of relict maquis with Ptilostemon greuteri (Oleo-Ceratonion, Quercetea ilicis), located in a circumscribed area of north-western Sicily." Plant Sociology 59, no. 1 (July 21, 2022): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pls2022591/06.

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This paper illustrates the results of a survey aimed at deepening available knowledge on the ecology of Ptilostemon greuteri (Asteraceae), a very rare palaeoendemic and relict nano-phanerophyte discovered about 15 years ago on Monte Inici, near Castellammare del Golfo (province of Trapani, north-western Sicily). Two plant communities characterised by P. greuteri are described in detail; they occur in the locus classicus and in a second, recently discovered stand, which is also very localised and threatened by fire. The field investigations revealed that the sites where the species grows are very similar from the ecological point of view; in fact, both of them are located on the steep slopes of deep gullies, benefitting from constantly cool and shady microclimatic conditions, and allowed to a) better identify the currently preferred habitat (ledges, screes at the base of cliffs), b) analyse from a floristic and phytosociological point of view the maquis communities where P. greuteri grows as co-dominant or dominant species, referable to the class Quercetea ilicis, c) to identify the syndynamic role that these coenoses play within the series and microgeoseries of local vegetation. As far as syntaxonomy is concerned, the Malvo olbiae-Ptilostemonetum greuteri ass. nova is described, a basiphilous, thermophilous and shade-tolerant maquis framed in the Oleo-Ceratonion alliance. Moreover, two subassociations are described: 1) typicum subass. nova, corresponding to a pioneer maquis community prevailing on the coarse, loose and mobile debris located along the slopes at the base of rock cliffs, where P. greuteri is clearly dominant and shows a nano-phanerophytic habitus, and 2) euphorbietosum bivonae subass. nova, a primary aspect found of the ledges of carbonate cliffs, where the species can play either a dominant or co-dominant role with other elements of the maquis (Euphorbia bivonae, Chamaerops humilis, etc.), sometimes showing a slightly smaller size.

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Langeneck, Joachim, Chris Englezou, Matteo Di Maggio, Alberto Castelli, and Ferruccio Maltagliati. "Phylogeography of Aphanius fasciatus (Osteichthyes: Aphaniidae) in the Mediterranean Sea, with a focus on its conservation in Cyprus." Hydrobiologia 848, no. 17 (June 7, 2021): 4093–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04627-5.

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AbstractAphanius fasciatus is a small fish occurring in Mediterranean brackish environments. In Cyprus it is known from three localities separated by long stretches of coast. The genetic diversity of these populations was evaluated using fragments of two mitochondrial genes. A comparison with the other available data showed that Cyprus populations represent a distinct lineage. The other lineages are concentrated in a relatively small area between the Strait of Sicily and the Western Ionian Sea, while all other areas include a subset of these lineages, suggesting that the aforementioned area might have acted as a glacial refugium. Landlocked North-African populations diverge from all other populations, suggesting that they might have originated in the Late Pleistocene, during transgression events of the Mediterranean Sea in North-African inland water bodies. The genetic diversity of A. fasciatus varied across different Cyprus populations, with a pattern mirroring the degree of environmental degradation, which likely affected population genetic variability through demographic reductions. The three Cyprus populations showed genetic uniqueness, suggesting the need of population-based management practices; the low genetic diversity of two populations, and the number of threats affecting them, suggest that the species should be considered endangered at national level and deserves protection measures.

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Nowaczyk, A., F. Carlotti, D. Thibault-Botha, and M. Pagano. "Metazooplankton diversity, community structure and spatial distribution across the Mediterranean Sea in summer: evidence of ecoregions." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 2 (March 22, 2011): 3081–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-3081-2011.

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Abstract. The diversity and distribution of metazooplankton across the Mediterranean Sea was studied along a 3000 km long transect from the eastern to the western basins during the BOUM cruise in summer 2008. Metazooplankton were sampled using both a 120 μm mesh size bongo net and Niskin bottles at 17 stations. Here we report on the stock, the composition and the structure of the metazooplankton community. The abundance was 4 to 8 times higher than in several previously published studies, whereas the biomass remained within the same order of magnitude. An eastward decrease in abundance was evident, although biomass was variable. Spatial (horizontal and vertical) distribution of metazooplankton abundance and biomass was strongly correlated to chlorophyll-a concentration. In addition, a clear association was observed between the vertical distribution of nauplii and small copepods and the depth of the deep chlorophyll maximum. The role of environmental factors is also discussed. Cluster analysis allowed us to define a regionalization of the Mediterranean Sea based on the abundance and diversity of metazooplankton. We found a north-south distinction in the western basin and a longitudinal homogeneity in the eastern basin. The Sicily Channel appeared as an intermediate region. The specific pattern of distribution of remarkable species was also described.

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Lo Pinto, Mirella, Salvatore Guarino, and Alfonso Agrò. "Evidence of Seasonal Variation in Body Color in Adults of the Parasitoid Cirrospilus pictus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Sicily, Italy." Insects 14, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14010090.

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As part of the studies on the morphological color variation of insects, a case study on the seasonal body color variation of Cirrospilus pictus (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Eulophinae) parasitoid of leafminers is reported. Observations were made from January 2000 to December 2003 in north-western Sicily (Italy), in relation to sex, body regions of adults and seasonal periods. Wasps parasitizing Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) were collected from organic citrus orchards (Citrus limon L., var. “Femminello zagara bianca” and “Femminello comune”). Adults were grouped in classes: yellow males, black males, yellow females, yellow–black females and black females. The results highlighted a phenotypic pigmentation variation in the head, thorax, gaster and legs of individuals influenced by the season of sampling. Adults were yellow–green in summer months, whereas individuals with dark pigmentation were found in autumn and winter months. A correlation between color patterns and seasonal temperatures was found for both females and males. This work provides a contribution to the description of the intraspecific variability of this species, improving its identification.

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Machado, Théa M. M., Mohamed Chakir, and Jean Jacques Lauvergne. "Genetic distances and taxonomic trees between goats of Ceará State (Brazil) and goats of the Mediterranean region (Europe and Africa)." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 1 (March 2000): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000100022.

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Goats of an undefined breed (called UDB) from the State of Ceará, northeastern Brazil (N = 447), European Mediterranean goats (N = 3,847) and African Mediterranean goats (N = 325) were compared to establish genetic distances and taxonomic trees. Allelic frequencies in each population for presence or absence of the following traits were used: horns, reduced ears, long hair, wattles, beard, roan color, brown eumelanin and eumelanic standard pigmentation. The genetic distance, applying the method developed by Nei (1972), was: least between goats from different meso-regions of the State of Ceará (0.0008 to 0.0120); small between all UDB of Ceará and French goats of Rove and Haute Roya (0.0236 and 0.0459); greater between all UDB of Ceará and northern Spanish goats (0.1166), and greatest between all UDB of Ceará and northern African goats (Moroccan of Drâa, Rhâali and Zagora), Balkan goats (Sakhar from Bulgaria and Macedonia from Greece) and some insular Mediterranean populations (Corsica, Sicily and Sardinia), which ranged from 0.1237 to 0.2714. Brazilian UDB goats are more closely related to Continental and Western European populations than to North African, Balkan or Insular Mediterranean populations.

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Fiannacca, Patrizia, and Rosolino Cirrincione. "Metasedimentary Metatexites with Trondhjemitic Leucosomes from NE Sicily: Another Example of Prograde Water-fluxed Melting in Collisional Belts." Geosciences 10, no. 4 (March 29, 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040123.

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Trondhjemitic leucosomes, hosted in late Variscan metasedimentary migmatites from the upper amphibolite-facies basement of the north-eastern Peloritani Mountains (southern Italy), have petrographic and geochemical features consistent with their origin as near-pure melts derived from in situ water-fluxed melting of their paragneiss host-rocks. Comparison with results of experimental melting and thermodynamic modelling of metasedimentary rocks suggests a dominant derivation of the leucosomes by melting, at c. 1.0 GPa and 700 °C, metagreywackes with a high pelitic content. Migmatization likely began at the thickening-related baric peak, or during the early post-collisional exhumation stages. A subsequent heating stage following the decompression and solidification of the leucosomes triggered a second melting stage, involving muscovite and biotite incongruent breakdown, with an associated production of peritectic sillimanite and garnet, and small leucogranitic patches within the trondhjemitic leucosomes. These melting events can be framed in the typical clockwise P-T-(t) evolution of the Variscan Belt in western and southern Europe, depicting collision-related thickening followed by widespread migmatization, starting close to the baric peak at c. 345 Ma and continuing during exhumation, with a duration of c. 25 Ma, up to c. 320 Ma.

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FRESNEDA, JAVIER, ARNAUD FAILLE, HANS FERY, and IGNACIO RIBERA. "A molecular phylogeny of Speonemadus Jeannel, 1922 with description of two new species from Morocco (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Anemadini)." Zootaxa 4543, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.1.1.

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The genus Speonemadus Jeannel, 1922 currently includes 12 species distributed in the Western Mediterranean (Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, Sicily and continental Italy). Two new species are described from Morocco, S. brusteli sp. n. from the Rif and S. comasi sp. n. from the High Atlas, the first in the S. vandalitiae-group of species and the second with an isolated position within the genus. Two species are also resurrected from synonymy, S. pulchellus (Reitter, 1885) stat. rest. (former synonym of S. orchesioides (Fairmaire, 1879)) and S. gracilis (Kraatz, 1870) stat. rest. (former synonym of S. vandalitiae (Heyden, 1870)), raising the total number of species of the genus to 16. Lectotypes are designated for Anemadus pulchellus Reitter, 1885, and Anemadus tenuipes Peyerimhoff, 1917. A molecular phylogeny of the genus Speonemadus is presented, based on a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear genes and including seven of the currently recognised species, one of the newly described (S. brusteli sp. n.) and the two reinstated taxa. The genus is estimated to have diversified from the late Miocene (Tortonian), with successive cladogenetic events related to the isolation of landmasses between Iberia and North Africa, including the opening of the Strait of Gibraltar at the end of the Messinian. The distribution of some of the species of Speonemadus remains still uncertain, due to their frequent misidentification and the problems with their taxonomic status.

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Tinti, S., G. Pagnoni, F. Zaniboni, and E. Bortolucci. "Tsunami generation in Stromboli island and impact on the south-east Tyrrhenian coasts." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 5 (October 31, 2003): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-299-2003.

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Abstract. Stromboli is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aeolian island arc in south Tyrrhenian sea, Italy. In the last 100 years the most relevant volcanic eruptions have beenaccompanied by local tsunamis, that have caused damage and casualties. In some cases the direct mechanism of local tsunami generation is clear, i.e. pyroclastic flows entering the sea. In some others it is uncertain and some speculation concerning the collapse of the eruptive column on the sea surface or the failure of some underwater mass can be made. But the ordinary activity is unlikely to generate large regional tsunamis. These can be produced by the lateral collapse of the volcanic cone that geomorphological and volcanological investigations have proven to have occurred repeatedly in the recent history of the volcano, with return period in the order of some thousands of years. The last episode is dated to less than 5 ka BP, and left the Sciara del Fuoco scar on the north-west flank of Stromboli. Based on previous studies, the possible collapse of the nortwestern sector of Stromboli and the consequent generation and propagation of a tsunami are explored. The impact on Stromboli and on the other islands of the Aeolian archipelago is estimated, as well as the impact on the coast of Sicily and the Tyrrhenian coasts of Calabria. The simulation is carried out by means of a double model: a Lagrangian block model to compute the motion of the collapsing mass, and a finite-element hydrodynamic model to compute the evolution of the tsunami. Two distinct tsunami simulations are carried out, one on a very fine grid around the source region to evaluate the tsunami near Stromboli, and one utilising a coarser grid covering the whole south-east Tyrrhenian sea to compute the tsunami propagation toward Sicily and Calabria. It is found that a huge-volume collapse of the north-western flank of the Stromboli cone is capable of producing a regional tsunami which is catastrophic at the source and devastating on long stretches of Tyrrhenian coasts, but particularly in the neighbouring islands of Panarea and Salina, and along the Calabria coasts around Capo Vaticano.

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Billi, Andrea, Claudio Faccenna, Olivier Bellier, Liliana Minelli, Giancarlo Neri, Claudia Piromallo, Debora Presti, Davide Scrocca, and Enrico Serpelloni. "Recent tectonic reorganization of the Nubia-Eurasia convergent boundary heading for the closure of the western Mediterranean." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 182, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.182.4.279.

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Abstract In the western Mediterranean area, after a long period (late Paleogene-Neogene) of Nubian (W-Africa) northward subduction beneath Eurasia, subduction has almost ceased, as well as convergence accommodation in the subduction zone. With the progression of Nubia-Eurasia convergence, a tectonic reorganization is therefore necessary to accommodate future contraction. Previously-published tectonic, seismological, geodetic, tomographic, and seismic reflection data (integrated by some new GPS velocity data) are reviewed to understand the reorganization of the convergent boundary in the western Mediterranean. Between northern Morocco, to the west, and northern Sicily, to the east, contractional deformation has shifted from the former subduction zone to the margins of the two back-arc oceanic basins (Algerian-Liguro-Provençal and Tyrrhenian basins) and it is now mainly active in the south-Tyrrhenian (northern Sicily), northern Liguro-Provençal, Algerian, and Alboran (partly) margins. Onset of compression and basin inversion has propagated in a scissor-like manner from the Alboran (c. 8 Ma) to the Tyrrhenian (younger than c. 2 Ma) basins following a similar propagation of the cessation of the subduction, i.e., older to the west and younger to the east. It follows that basin inversion is rather advanced on the Algerian margin, where a new southward subduction seems to be in its very infant stage, while it has still to really start in the Tyrrhenian margin, where contraction has resumed at the rear of the fold-thrust belt and may soon invert the Marsili oceanic basin. Part of the contractional deformation may have shifted toward the north in the Liguro-Provençal basin possibly because of its weak rheological properties compared with those of the area between Tunisia and Sardinia, where no oceanic crust occurs and seismic deformation is absent or limited. The tectonic reorganization of the Nubia-Eurasia boundary in the study area is still strongly controlled by the inherited tectonic fabric and rheological attributes, which are strongly heterogeneous along the boundary. These features prevent, at present, the development of long and continuous thrust faults. In an extreme and approximate synthesis, the evolution of the western Mediterranean is inferred to follow a Wilson Cycle (at a small scale) with the following main steps : (1) northward Nubian subduction with Mediterranean back-arc extension (since ~35 Ma); (2) progressive cessation, from west to east, of Nubian main subduction (since ~15 Ma); (3) progressive onset of compression, from west to east, in the former back-arc domain and consequent basin inversion (since ~8–10 Ma); (4) possible future subduction of former back-arc basins.

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35

Incarbona, Alessandro, Enrico Di Stefano, Rodolfo Sprovieri, and Serena Ferraro. "The Uniqueness of Planktonic Ecosystems in the Mediterranean Sea: The Response to Orbital- and Suborbital-Climatic Forcing over the Last 130,000 Years." Open Geosciences 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2016-0050.

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AbstractThe Mediterranean Sea is an ideal location to test the response of organisms to hydrological transformations driven by climate change. Here we review studies carried out on planktonic foraminifera and coccolithophores during the late Quaternary and attempt the comparison of data scattered in time and space. We highlight the prompt response of surface water ecosystems to both orbital- and suborbital-climatic variations.A markedly different spatial response was observed in calcareous plankton assemblages, possibly due to the influence of the North Atlantic climatic system in the western, central and northern areas and of the monsoon system in the easternmost and southern sites. Orbital-induced climatic dynamics led to productive surface waters in the northern, western and central Mediterranean Sea during the last glacial and to distinct deep chlorophyll maximum layers in the eastern Mediterranean Sea coinciding with bottom anoxia episodes. High-frequency planktonic modifications are well documented in the Sicily Channel and Alboran Sea and highlight the occurrence of different steps within a single stadial (cold phase)/interstadial (warm phase) oscillation.The review of planktonic organisms in the marine sedimentary archive casts light on the uniqueness of the Mediterranean Sea, especially in terms of climatic/oceanographic/biological interaction and influence of different climatic systems on distinct areas. Further research is needed in the eastern Mediterranean Sea where results are obscured by low-resolution sedimentary records and by a strong focus on sapropel deposition dynamics.

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Arculeo, Marco, Marco Arculeo, Sabrina Lo Brutto, Marco Arculeo, Sabrina Lo Brutto, Leonardo Cannizzaro, Marco Arculeo, Sabrina Lo Brutto, Leonardo Cannizzaro, and Sergio Vitale. "Growth and reproduction of the deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846) (Decapoda, Penaeidae), in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea." Crustaceana 87, no. 10 (2014): 1168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003334.

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From June 2006 to May 2007, monthly samples ofParapenaeus longirostris(Lucas, 1846) were collected on land from the landings of two different, although contiguous, fishing grounds exploited by the bottom trawl fisheries of the two fishing harbours of Terrasini and Porticello, located on the north-western coast of Sicily. Carapace length (CL) of the female and male deep-water rose shrimp in Terrasini ranged from 9 to 32 mm and 13 to 26 mm, respectively, whereas in Porticello the length ranged from 8 to 31 mm and 13 to 26 mm, respectively. The Von Bertalanffy Growth Function parameters for Terrasini females and males were CL∞ = 38.5 mm, year−1and CL∞ = 32.5 mm, year−1, respectively. For Porticello females and males, the parameters were CL∞ = 40 mm, year−1and CL∞ = 30 mm, year−1, respectively. Analysis of maturity stages indicates that the deep-water rose shrimp is an asynchronous batch of almost continuous spawners, although one to two peaks of activity can be detected. In both fishing areas, the reproductive phase peaked twice, once in January and again from August to September. The sizes at first maturity (CL50%) were 27.8 and 26.6 mm CL for Terrasini and Porticello, respectively.

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Nissen, K. M., G. C. Leckebusch, J. G. Pinto, D. Renggli, S. Ulbrich, and U. Ulbrich. "Cyclones causing wind storms in the Mediterranean: characteristics, trends and links to large-scale patterns." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 1379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-1379-2010.

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Abstract. A climatology of cyclones with a focus on their relation to wind storm tracks in the Mediterranean region (MR) is presented. Trends in the frequency of cyclones and wind storms, as well as variations associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the East Atlantic/West Russian (EAWR) and the Scandinavian variability pattern (SCAND) are discussed. The study is based on the ERA40 reanalysis dataset. Wind storm tracks are identified by tracking clusters of adjacent grid boxes characterised by extremely high local wind speeds. The wind track is assigned to a cyclone track independently identified with an objective scheme. Areas with high wind activity – quantified by extreme wind tracks – are typically located south of the Golf of Genoa, south of Cyprus, southeast of Sicily and west of the Iberian Peninsula. About 69% of the wind storms are caused by cyclones located in the Mediterranean region, while the remaining 31% can be attributed to North Atlantic or Northern European cyclones. The North Atlantic Oscillation, the East Atlantic/West Russian pattern and the Scandinavian pattern all influence the amount and spatial distribution of wind inducing cyclones and wind events in the MR. The strongest signals exist for the NAO and the EAWR pattern, which are both associated with an increase in the number of organised strong wind events in the eastern MR during their positive phase. On the other hand, the storm numbers decrease over the western MR for the positive phase of the NAO and over the central MR during the positive phase of the EAWR pattern. The positive phase of the Scandinavian pattern is associated with a decrease in the number of winter wind storms over most of the MR. A third of the trends in the number of wind storms and wind producing cyclones during the winter season of the ERA40 period may be attributed to the variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation.

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Parrino, Nicolò, Pierfrancesco Burrato, Attilio Sulli, Maurizio Gasparo Morticelli, Mauro Agate, Eshaan Srivastava, Javed N. Malik, and Cipriano Di Maggio. "Plio-Quaternary coastal landscape evolution of north-western Sicily (Italy)." Journal of Maps, January 10, 2023, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2022.2159889.

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39

P. Cosentino, D. Luzio, and E. Rotigliano. "Geoelectrical study of archaeological structures in the Himera plane (North-western Sicily)." Annals of Geophysics 39, no. 1 (January 18, 1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-3956.

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This paper presents the results obtained from a geoelectrical study carried out on the Himera plane for archaeological research. Both the tripotential method and the dipole-dipole profile method have been used on a 40 m ´ 40 m investigation area in order to obtain several resistivity maps. The latter show different geoelectrical anomalies, the shape of which allows us to interpret simple archaeological structures, consistent with current knowledge of ancient Himera sites. Furthermore, the study of the whole set of data in the resistivity domain has allowed us to infer some other characteristics from the subsequent geological process of alluvial covering of the site.

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Hausdorf, Bernhard, Sonja Bamberger, and Frank Walther. "A Sicilian–Cretan biogeographical disjunction in the land snail genus Cornu (Gastropoda: Helicidae)." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, October 9, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa111.

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Abstract We report an unusual biogeographical disjunction between the western and the eastern Mediterranean region. Cornu (Gastropoda: Helicidae) is a western Mediterranean land snail genus. It includes Cornu (Cornu) aspersum, which originated in north-western Africa and was distributed by humans for food or accidentally, first throughout the Mediterranean region and, subsequently, to all continents except Antarctica. It also includes three species belonging to the subgenus Erctella, which are all endemic to Sicily. We discovered a new species of Cornu on the Greek island of Crete. The morphological and molecular genetic analyses showed that the species from Crete is a disjunct representative of the subgenus Erctella. We hypothesize that the disjunction originated by a long-distance dispersal event of the ancestors of the Cretan species from Sicily by birds or by sea currents, perhaps facilitated by a tsunami or a similar event. The Cretan lineage separated from the Sicilian species in the Late Miocene or Early Pliocene. This divergence time is compatible with the hypothesis that the ancestor of Cornu cretense sp. nov. was washed from Sicily to Crete by the Zanclean flood that refilled the Mediterranean basin after it had dried up during the Messinian salinity crisis.

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"Phytophthora asparagi. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20103281405.

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Abstract A new distribution map is given for Phytophthora asparagi Saud & Hausbeck (Chromista: Oomycota: Peronosporales). The hosts include asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) and Swan's neck agave (Agave attenuata). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Italy, Sicily and UK), North America (USA, Michigan) and Oceania (Australia, Western Australia and New Zealand).

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"Pepper vein yellows virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20183337982.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pepper vein yellows virus. Lueteoviridae: Polerovirus. Hosts: Capsicum spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy, mainland Italy, Sicily and Spain), Asia (China, Guizhou, Hunan, Shandong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Ryukyu Archipelago, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand and Turkey), Africa (Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Sudan and Tunisia), North America (USA, Texas) and Oceania (Australia, Western Australia).

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"Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 2) (August 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20083091288.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (Miller et al.) Vauterin et al. Bacteria. Hosts: Corylus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Croatia, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Macedonia, Netherlands, Russia, Southern Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales), Asia (Iran, Turkey), Africa (Algeria), North America (Canada, British Columbia, USA, Oregon, Washington), South America (Chile), Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand).

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"Frankliniella occidentalis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20056600538.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) Thysanoptera: Thripidae Western flower thrips, alfalfa thrips, California thrips. Attacks flowers of many fruit trees, ornamentals, soft fruit and vegetables. Polyphagous. Transmits tomato spotted wilt virus. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Belgium, Crete, Cyprus, Czech, Republic Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish, Republic Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sicily, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, AFRICA, Canary Islands, Kenya, Réunion, South Africa, Zimbabwe, CIS (formerly USSR), Russia, ASIA, Israel, Japan, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC OCEAN ISLANDS, Australia, New South Wales, Western Australia, Hawaii, New Zealand, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, CENTRAL AMERICA and CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Martinique, Mexico, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia.

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"Ceroplastes sinensis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st Revision) (August 1, 1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600412.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio. Homoptera: Coccoidea, Coccidae (Chinese wax scale). Attacks Citrus, fig, grape, pear. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe, Balearic Islands, Corsica, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Turkey, CIS (formerly USSR), Georgia, Africa, Algeria, Canary Islands, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Tunisia, Asia, Iran, Lebanon, Philippines, Syria, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Solomon Islands, North America, USA, California, North Carolina, Virginia, Central America and Caribbean, Mexico, Trinidad, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Chile, Ecuador, Uruguay.

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"Calepitrimerus vitis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (August 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20193256148.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Calepitrimerus vitis Nalepa. Arachnida: Eriophyidae. Host: grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Sicily, Moldova, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland), Asia (India, Jammu and Kashmir, Korea Republic, Turkey), Africa (Angola), North America (USA, California, Oregon, Washington), South America (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand).

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"Neofusicoccum australe. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.April (July 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20163142764.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Neofusicoccum australe (Slippers, Crous and Wingf.) Crous, Slippers and Phillips. Dothideomycetes: Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae. Hosts: many woody plants including Citrus spp., Eucalyptus spp., grapes and olives. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Italy, Sicily, Portugal, Spain, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain), Asia (China, Fujian, Japan), Africa (Algeria, South Africa and Tunisia), North America (USA, California), South America (Chile and Uruguay) and Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia and New Zealand).

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"Sclerotinia trifoliorum. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 4) (August 1, 1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500274.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sclerotinia trifoliorum Eriksson. Hosts: Clover (Trifolium spp., lucerne (Medicago sativa) etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Egypt, Asia, China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Vict, Tasmania, Western Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Sicily, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USSR, Russia, Baltic States, Urals, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quw, Prince Edward Island, Mexico, USA, South America, Chile.

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"Pyrenochaeta lycopersici. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, No.October (August 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20113314302.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pyrenochaeta lycopersici R. W. Schneid & Gerlach. Ascomycota: Pleosporales. Hosts: tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and aubergine (S. melongena). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece (Crete), Italy (Mainland Italy, Sicily), Netherlands, Poland, Portugal (Mainland Portugal), Romania, Russia (Southern Russia), Spain (Canary Islands), Switzerland, UK (England and Wales, Scotland)), Asia (Israel, Japan (Honshu), Korea Republic, Lebanon, Turkey), North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec)), USA (California, Florida, Massachusetts), South America (Brazil, Chile), Oceania (Australia (Tasmania, Western Australia), New Zealand).

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"Acrolepiopsis assectella. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No.June (July 1, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20073108419.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Acrolepiopsis assectella (Zell.). Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidea. Hosts: Allium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Corsica, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Central Russia, Eastern Siberia, Far East, Northern Russia, Southern Russia, Western Siberia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Balearic Islands, Mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Ukraine), Asia (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia), Africa (Algeria), and North America (Canada, Ontario, Quebec).

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Journal articles on the topic 'North-Western Sicily'

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