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1
Sam, Koyel, and Dr Namita Chakma. "An Inter-Block Level Analysis of Regional Disparity in the Youngest Alipurduar District of West Bengal." Space and Culture, India 3, no. 3 (March 26, 2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v3i3.159.
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Alipurduar (also known as ‘Dooars’) was a subdivision of Jalpaiguri district before its emergence as the new 20th district of West Bengal on 25 June 2014. The districts of North Bengal (including Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Malda) have been poorly placed in comparison to the state of West Bengal, in terms of Human Development Indicators: low literacy level, poor condition in sanitation, and partly availability of electricity and safe drinking water (Report on Comparative Backwardness of North Bengal Region, Government of India, 2002). Research on regional disparity is essential for addressing the lacuna in the planning process of development (Sen, 2001). In the present study, an analysis has been made in terms of the inter-block inequality in socio-economic and infrastructural development of Alipurduar district as a newly emerged region.
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Roy, Subhas Chandra, Dipayan Rakshit, and Sandeepan Sengupta. "Evaluation of genetic variation among fourteen rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties (Landraces) of North Bengal using morphological traits." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, no. 1 (2010): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.006.
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The Northem region (North Bengal) of West Bengal possesses a rich genctic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L).This region is known for growing one important rice variety Tulaipanji with GI number in the district of North Dinajpur and many other varieties of local landraces with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. A considerable range of diversity and variation exists among the genetic resources of rice landraces of North Bengal. Prominent fourteen (14) landraces such as Sadanunia, Kalonunia, Dhepi, Banni, Dudkalam, Malsira, Lalpanati, Bhadoi, Ashami, and Gobindabhog, Enda, Chenga, Katharibhog, Tulaipanji are known for their special quality attributes were collected from the different districts of North Bengal. Genetic variation among these landraces was characterized by means of morphological traits such as seed sizes, shape, volume, colour, awn character, surface texture with husk (Microscopic observation) and pericurp colour. The Karl Pearson's simple matching coefficient was used to calculate the genetic diversity among the varieties. Similarity coefficient was ranged from 0.94 to 0.64 with an average of 0.79 among the 14 varieties. Clusier analysis based on genetic similarity of these varieties gave rise to three distinct groups The results suggested that the level of genetic diversity within this group of rice varieties of North Bengal was suficient for brecding programs and can be used to establish genetic relationships among them on the basis of morphological traits.
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SINGH, O. P. "Thermodynamical characteristics of monsoon troposphere over the Bay of Bengal." MAUSAM 50, no. 3 (December 17, 2021): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v50i3.1855.
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Thermodynamical characteristics of monsoon troposphere, especially the lower troposphere, over different regions of Bay of Bengal has been studied utilising the radiosonde data collected by Ocean Research Vessel (ORV) Sagar Kanya during the period 8 July-5 August, 1991. The results reveal the existence of low level inversions over the central and adjoining parts of southern Bay of Bengal between 13.4°-17.2°N and 84.5°- 90.0°E during July-August The lower troposphere upto 850 hPa appears to be absolutely stable over this region of Bay of Bengal. In total contrast, none of the ascents taken over the region north of 17.7°N showed any low level inversion. The lower troposphere over the northern Bay of Bengal where convection develops under favourable synoptic situations in monsoon, was found to be unstable.
In July the low level inversion appears to extend far south (upto about 10.3°N) but gets disintegrated over the southern parts of Bay of Bengal with the advance of season. Many ascents over the northern and central Bay of Bengal have shown the occurrence of stable layers near 0° level. In the equatorial Bay of Bengal between 5°-10°N stable layers appear to exist near 400 hPa level and near 850-800 hPa level. The results seem to provide an insight into the pattern of convection over the Bay of Bengal during monsoon.
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Bansod, S. D., S. Fadnavis, and S. P. Ghanekar. "Association of the pre-monsoon thermal field over north India and the western Tibetan Plateau with summer monsoon rainfall over India." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 8 (August 25, 2015): 1051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1051-2015.
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Abstract. In this paper, interannual variability of tropospheric air temperatures over the Asian summer monsoon region during the pre-monsoon months is examined in relation to Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR; June to September total rainfall). For this purpose, monthly grid-point temperatures in the entire troposphere over the Asian summer monsoon region and ISMR data for the period 1949–2012 have been used. Spatial correlation patterns are investigated between the temperature field in the lower tropospheric levels during May over the Asian summer monsoon region and ISMR. The results indicate a strong and significant northwest–southeast dipole structure in the spatial correlations over the Indian region, with highly significant positive (negative) correlations over the regions of north India and the western Tibetan Plateau region – region R1 (north Bay of Bengal: region R2). The observed dipole is seen significantly up to a level of 850 hPa and eventually disappears at 700 hPa. Thermal indices evaluated at 850 hPa level, based on average air temperatures over the north India and western Tibetan Plateau region (TI1) and the north Bay of Bengal region (TI2) during May, show a strong, significant relationship with the ISMR. The results are found to be consistent and robust, especially in the case of TI1 during the period of analysis. A physical mechanism for the relationship between these indices and ISMR is proposed. Finally the composite annual cycle of tropospheric air temperature over R1 during flood/drought years of ISMR is examined. The study brings out the importance of the TI1 in the prediction of flood/drought conditions over the Indian subcontinent.
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Ghosh, Tirthankar. "Rivers, Land and State: Embankment and Ecology in Colonial North Bengal." Studies in People's History 8, no. 1 (May 12, 2021): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448921999041.
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This article seeks to investigate the mutual relationship between embankment and ecology and colonial policy in the changing dynamics of rivers and land in northern Bengal during the colonial period. Rainfall, floods and economy seem to be the most essential components in the history and politics of embankments in the area, a peripheral region intersected by numerous rivers originating in the Himalayas. The article sets colonial hydrology in North Bengal against the ecological vulnerabilities created by shifts in courses of rivers and by floods as well as embankments.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Nazlee Ferdousi, Md Abubakar Abdullah, Yasuo Sato, Shoji Kusunoki, and Akio Kitoh. "Inter-annual and Decadal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature over Bay of Bengal." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (July 23, 2012): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6516.
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Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the important oceanic parameters controlling the ocean climate. In view of this importance, an attempt was made in this study to examine the inter-annual and decadal variability of SST over the Bay of Bengal. The Bay is divided into three regions namely, i) South Bay, ii) Central Bay and iii) North Bay , during the period 1979-2006. The values of seasonal SST anomaly over these regions of Bay of Bengal are computed for the four meteorological seasons like, Winter (December-February), pre-monsoon (March-May), Monsoon (June-September) and post-monsoon (October-November). The variability of seasonal SST anomaly was examined using various statistical methods, on inter-annual and decadal time scale and the results are inter-compared. The SST anomaly over the above region of Bay of Bengal for all seasons showed an increasing trend except in the North Bay during the period 1979-2006, which showed almost neutral trend. The SST showed an increasing trend more particularly after 1992.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v12i0.6516 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 12 (2011) 296-303
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Ghosh, Tirthankar. "Floods and people, colonial north Bengal, 1871–1922." Studies in People's History 5, no. 1 (April 12, 2018): 32–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448918759855.
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North Bengal is an area of heavy rainfall through which rivers flowing down from the Himalayas have been frequently overflowing and changing their beds in the soft alluvial soil. Floods have, therefore, been a recurring phenomenon, caused by snow-melting and heavy rainfall. The present article is an intensive study of the floods that ravaged north Bengal in a period of over 50 years (1871–1922) during which the ground surface changed with the building of embanked railway lines, other embankments and dams thereby blocking the natural drainage lines of the past. The article also chronicles how the local populations suffered from the constant recurrence and increasing virulence of floods. It thus aims to bring together the information we have on the environmental and the human history of the region for a period of about 50 years of colonial rule.
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Kabir, Rubaiya, Elizabeth A. Ritchie, and Clair Stark. "Tropical Cyclone Exposure in the North Indian Ocean." Atmosphere 13, no. 9 (September 2, 2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091421.
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The North Indian Ocean is a region with a high coastal population and a low-lying delta, making it a high-risk region for tropical cyclone impacts. A 30-year period from 1989–2018 has been used to examine the TC landfalling exposure in the North Indian Ocean and its changes by considering 30 years of IBTrACs data, ERA5 atmospheric data, and 20 years of TRMM and DAV data. A total of 185 TCs made landfall in the NIO during the 30-year period with the majority of the TCs making landfall during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. Rainfall associated with landfalling TCs decreased in the last 10 years of analysis (2009–2018) compared to the first 10 years of available data from 1999–2008. During the monsoon, TC activity is relatively lower compared to the post-monsoon periods, even though higher accumulated TC-associated rainfall typically occurs during the monsoon period, particularly along the eastern coastlines of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. The TC winds impact most of the Bay of Bengal coastline, including Sri Lanka. The spatial distribution of landfalling TCs changes with the season, with most of the landfalling activity occurring during the pre- and post-monsoon periods. Interestingly, more recent TC activity has shifted to the northeast India and Bangladesh coasts, suggesting that these regions may be more vulnerable to TC impacts in the future.
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Mukherjee, S., M. Nag, D. Roy, R. K. Paul, and S. A. Mir. "Extraction and Chemical tests on Cicer Arietinum seed collected from North Bengal Region of West Bengal, India." PharmaTutor 6, no. 10 (January 10, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29161/pt.v6.i10.2018.1.
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Paul, Biswajit. "Use of TOPSIS method based on Entropy weights for determining the disparities in the developmental pat-tern: A study of North Bengal region, West Bengal." ENSEMBLE 3, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2021-0301-a005.
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The concept of development is very dynamic, it varies over space and time. The reasons behind this variation or inequality in the development of any region may be natural or anthropogenic or combination of both. It is not reasonable to determine the level of development of any region with only one parameter because it depends on multiple criterion. Thus, making it a necessary consideration to understand the developmental pattern of any region. This paper aims to study the pattern of regional disparities in the districts of North Bengal (West Bengal) in terms of its development. A district level analysis is considered to achieve the aim using 27 selected parameters under three distinct categories namely economic, infrastructural and socio-demographic indicators. Entropy Method is applied to weigh the parameters and finally the districts are ranked according to the performance score obtained by applying the TOPSIS model. A significant inequalities are observed in terms of development between the districts. On the basis of selected parameters Jalpaiguri (CI score 0.703) and Darjeeling district (CI score 0.560) stands at the highest level of development among the six districts of North Bengal and the remaining four falls under the low level of development (below average CI score 0.385).
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Roy, Nirmal Chandra. "Factors affecting industrial relations in Indian tea industry: A study on the north bengal region of West Bengal." Asian Journal of Management 8, no. 3 (2017): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5763.2017.00059.2.
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Stolyarov, Alexander A. "Framing the Pattern of the Specification Form of Copper-plate Charters from the Pāla Era Bengal and Bihar." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 3 (2023): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080025250-2.
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The article deals with the charters from Bengal and Bihar of the early Middle Ages (late 8th – early 13th centuries), which are the research subject of two auxiliary historical disciplines – epigraphy and diplomatics, or legal source studies – at the same time. The concept of a document specification form is given, moreover, the author develops a pattern for recording specific forms of copper-plate grants of North India, categorized by region, starting with the Eastern one, which includes both Bengal and Bihar. The complex of Bengali and Bihar charters of the Pāla era (second half of the 8th – early 13th centuries) is currently the most studied. Two lists have been developed as preconditions for constructing a record scheme for specific forms. List 1 is made up of reference designations for the form’s components, such as invocation (address to a deity), genealogy, place of issue, place of grant, annunciation, date, benedictions, and imprecations. List 2 includes reference designations for the Sanskrit formulae that separate large parts of the specification form and its components. As a result, a pattern for the records of individual forms of 26 Pāla dynasty era copper-plate grants was drawn out. The preliminary conclusions state that the resulting pattern is a kind of a standard model, which allows to evaluate the structure and content of the copper-plate charters given by the leaders who ruled the neighboring regions of Bengal and, most likely, fell under political influence of the Pāla dynasty.
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Kalapureddy, M. C. R., P. Ernest Raj, and P. C. S. Devara. "Total column ozone variations over oceanic region around Indian sub-continent during pre-monsoon of 2006." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 1 (February 14, 2008): 3143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-3143-2008.
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Abstract. Special campaign mode ship-based sun photometric observations of total column ozone over the oceanic regions around the Indian sub-continent (56° E–6° E, 4° N–° N) during the pre-monsoon period (18 March–11 May) of 2006 have been used to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions. The overall mean ozone content over the sea region during this period is 298 DU with a variability of ±10 DU. There is a well defined diurnal (daytime) variation in total column ozone with maximum content around the noon-time hours. The amplitude of diurnal variation is higher over the Arabian Sea compared to that over Bay of Bengal. Spatial distribution of total ozone shows higher values over the Head Bay (North Bay of Bengal) and all along the west coast of India strongly pointing to continental origin of possible anthropogenic source. This is further corroborated from the spatial distribution of simultaneously measured aerosol optical thickness (AOT, at 1020 nm) and precipitable water. The overall mean AOT over the oceanic region is 0.09 and mean precipitable water (water vapor) over Indian Ocean region was 3.25 cm which is almost 1 cm higher than that observed over Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea during the above pre-monsoon period.
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Arvind Kumar Goyal, Prasanta Kumar Ghosh, Ajay Kumar Dubey, and Arnab Sen. "Inventorying bamboo biodiversity of North Bengal: A Case Study." International Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences (IJFAS) 1, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.59415/ijfas.v1i1.18.
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Bamboo harboring both herbaceous and woody members has both ecological and economic importance and is includedin the Non-timber forest product, but regional assessment is still lacking. North Bengal covers six districts includingboth hills and plains are rich in biological diversity. It houses different genera having several species of bamboo.Inventory resulted in recording of 34 species of bamboos under the tribe Bambuseae from North Bengal belonging to 13genera of which 26 species (76.47%) under 8 genera are sympodial type while rest 8 species (23.53%) under 5 generabelongs to monopodial type. In spite of having extensive insufficiency and discrepancies of bamboo taxonomy anddistribution, this approach may help in the conservation of this natural resource. Enumeration of different species withbotanical name, common name, vernacular name(s), the sub tribe they belong to and the type of rhizome is provided.However extensive study is required to know emphatically about the bamboo diversity of this region
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Mondal, Sandip, Prahlad Sarkar, Amit Singh, Matiyar Rahaman Khan, and Abhishek Mukherjee. "Distribution and community structure of plant-parasitic nematodes and their relationship with some soil properties in betel vine-growing regions of West Bengal, India." Nematology 21, no. 6 (2019): 581–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003237.
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Summary The distribution and community structure of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with betel (Piper betle) vine and their relationship with soil chemical properties were investigated in four major growing regions of West Bengal, India. Ordinary kriging method was applied to infer the patterns of spatial distribution of major plant-parasitic nematodes across the growing regions. Meloidogyne and Rotylenchulus were found to be the most abundant genera in betel vine crops in all growing regions. Co-inertia analysis between soil properties and nematode abundance indicated that soil chemical characters significantly affect abundances of plant-parasitic nematodes. The type of betel vine crop (sweet and bitter) also has a significant effect on the abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes, with the highest abundance of Meloidogyne reported from the bitter type of betel crop. Spatial distribution depicted a higher abundance of Meloidogyne throughout the North Bengal growing region. Root-knot and reniform nematodes are two important plant-parasitic nematodes of betel vine that might cause economic yield loss to the growers in West Bengal.
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Saha, Abhirup, Subhajit Das, Prapti Das, Debayan Raha, and Dhiraj Saha. "Butterfly Diversity in the Campus area of University of North Bengal, West Bengal, India." Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (JTBC) 20 (October 15, 2023): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/jtbc.v20i.4520.
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Butterflies play a crucial role as bio-indicators, signaling the health of ecosystems and biodiversity, making their conservation vital. The northern region of West Bengal in eastern India is renowned for its remarkable butterfly diversity. The University of North Bengal campus, spanning 315.99 acres at the Eastern Himalayan foothills (26°42′34.03″N; 88°21′14.96″E), is home to diverse flora and fauna. The surrounding area offers a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, tea gardens, and wetlands, which support numerous animal species. This study aimed to assess butterfly diversity in three distinct geographical sites within the university campus: the Tea garden area (dominated by tea and rubber plants), Salkunja (a forested area with a semi-perennial stream dominated by Sal trees), and Magurmari (an area with semi-perennial streams, ponds, ephemeral water bodies, paddy fields, and grasslands). Monthly butterfly observations were conducted from December 2021 to January 2023. The study documented 55 butterfly species from six families (Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, and Riodinidae), with Nymphalidae being the most prevalent and Riodinidae the least. Notably, the ecotone area of Magurmari exhibited the highest butterfly species diversity. Four species protected under the Wildlife (Protection) Act (WPA), 1972, were also identified. This research aims to analyze butterfly diversity in relation to their habitats and conservation needs within the university campus, contributing to the development of a concise checklist specific to this district for effective conservation efforts. The study underscores the significant butterfly diversity found on the campus, emphasizing the urgent need for focused conservation actions.
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Biswas, Swapna, and Sukanta Biswas. "STUDY ON COMPARATIVE HEALTH STATUS OF SELECTED SANTHAL & SABAR TRIBES IN NORTH BENGAL REGION OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA." International Journal of Social Sciences & Economic Environment 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53882/ijssee.2021.0602004.
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Aim of the study: The study was conducted to reveal the prevailing health status of two primitive Santhal and Sabour tribes of northern region i.e. Dakshin Dinajpur district in West Bengal, India. Methodology/Design: In this study, Purposive sampling method was adopted. Blocks were selected due to their socio-economic backwardness and tribal dominancy in the district as well as state of West Bengal. In the district, from each Santhal and Sabar tribes 40 numbers of sample populations were randomly selected. The collected data was computed and analysed by various statistical methods. Findings of the study: The education level, occupational status, income level, house type, knowledge and attitude towards health status index were significantly better in Santhal’s but not in Sabar tribes. Sabar tribes consume less feed, sickly built and less land holding capacity which in turn are directly or indirectly related to health status of the tribal’s. The major constraint faced by all the selected tribes were lack of awareness, knowledge, education, low income, lack of availability, poor personal hygiene, low prophylactic measures to maintain the health status of the tribal people. Practical Implications: The study signifies and suggests inclusion of increased literacy programme, vigorous awareness campaign on hygienic health activities for tribal development. Originality/Value: The study has explored several entrepreneurial ventures which increased income level and occupational status of tribes along with usual developmental programme of the government. This will also helpful for better socioeconomic upliftment of the area and tribal community as a whole in the functional area of the state of West Bengal, India. Key words: Health Status, Santhal, Sabar, Tribes, comparative, North Bengal Paper Type: Research Paper
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Nepal, Padam, and Fr Lalit P. Tirkey. "Gender, Governance of Commons and Livelihood Security: A Study of the North Bengal Tea Region of West Bengal, India." Dynamics of Public Administration 32, no. 2 (2015): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-0733.2015.00009.7.
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Kumar, Vivek, Gautam Kumar, Tenzing Zampel Bhutia, Saikat Saha, Rajib Prasad, Rajib Prasad, and Avinash Kumar. "An autopsy study of deaths due to burn injuries in north bengal region." Journal of Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 20, no. 1 (2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-083x.2020.00055.2.
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Pattanaik, Smruti S. "Geo-strategic Significance of Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea: Leveraging Maritime, Energy and Transport Connectivity for Regional Cooperation." South Asian Survey 25, no. 1-2 (March 2018): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971523119835045.
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Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea (BoBAS) constitutes a single economically integrated region. Though for the strategic purpose, India looks at Bay of Bengal (BoB) separated from the Andaman Sea (AS). Since 2000, India has been making an effort to integrate its north-eastern region to the vibrant economies in Southeast Asia. In this context, BoBAS becomes significant to emerge as an economically integrated region that has the potential for growth. Most of the countries, except for Myanmar, have witnessed 6–8 per cent growth for the past 10 years. They face similar maritime security threats, issues of terrorism and drug trafficking. Over the past few years, the countries of the region have invested on establishing connectivity network and are ready to cooperate on blue economy as a part of sustainable development. Several bilateral and multilateral cooperations that exist suggests that the region will emerge as an integrated economic and security zone in the future.
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Das, Anushka, Ananya Banik, Sutapa Datta, and Arnab Sen. "PhytoResp : A Database for Medicinal Plants of Darjeeling, Against Respiratory Ailments." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 14, no. 1 (2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2022.v14i01.009.
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PhytoResp is a digital, manually curated database developed at the Department of Botany, University of North Bengal (NBU). The database has been created with the help of 200 published research articles and the eleven volumes of ‘Chiranjib Banousadhi’ series, written by Shibakali Bhattacharya. Here, we provide the names of 329 medicinal plants that are available in the Darjeeling district region of North Bengal and are traditionally used in the treatment of respiratory diseases. The list of reported plants is included, along with their parts used. They are known to cure 38 respiratory diseases. Among these, 113 plants have already been reported as a cure for COVID-19 (in silico or in vivo). Also, we have taken a step to evaluate the efficiency of the phytocompounds through in-silico methods.
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Kumar, Suneel. "Reinvigoration of BIMSTEC and India’s Economic, Strategic and Security Concerns." Millennial Asia 11, no. 2 (August 2020): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976399620925441.
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This article contends that India’s efforts for the reinvigoration of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) are the result of an amalgam of its Act East and Neighbourhood First policies’ objectives. Since 2014, India has been trying to rejuvenate the BIMSTEC to exploit the untapped trade opportunities, promote energy and food security and also boost the development of its North Eastern region by enhancing infrastructural connectivity with South East Asian countries and promoting greater economic integration in the Bay of Bengal region. Its strategic interests and security concerns, especially to build the pressure on Pakistan, counter China’s forays into its strategic backyard and ensure the security of the North Eastern region, have also resurged India’s interests in the revival of BIMSTEC. Like South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), there are some hurdles in the way of BIMSTEC, for instance its image of an India-dominated bloc, India’s bilateral differences with other BIMSTEC countries from South Asia, especially with Bangladesh and Nepal, and bilateral disputes between other member countries, particularly Bangladesh and Myanmar and Thailand and Myanmar.
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PIJUSH, BASAK. "Eastern and North Eastern sub-divisions of India : An analysis of trend and chaotic behaviour of rainfall in different seasons." MAUSAM 71, no. 4 (August 4, 2021): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v71i4.47.
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The aim of the study is to understand trend or non-linearity along with a chaotic behaviour, if any, of Eastern and North Eastern sub-divisional rainfall, namely Orissa, Gangetic West Bengal, Sub Himalayan West Bengal, Assam and Meghalaya and also Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura based on rainfall data of 143 years (1871-2013). The analysis is performed for examining behaviour of rainfall in each of the seasons, namely, Pre monsoon, South West monsoon, North East monsoon and also Annual rainfall extracted from the monthly data. For that purpose, a trend analysis with Hurst Exponent and non-linearity analysis with Lyapunov Exponent are employed. The analysis revealed that rainfall of Orissa is persistent for all the seasons whilst the rainfall is persistent in Gangetic West Bengal in Pre monsoon and North East monsoon and Assam and Meghalaya along with Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura exhibit persistent behaviour in South West Monsoon and annually. Sub Himalayan West Bengal exhibit persistence in annual rainfall only. Chaotic tendency in low magnitude is located in many cases whilst non-chaotic situation has occurred when the persistence is found, mainly in pre-monsoon season. Moreover, the analysis of Hurst and Lyapunov Exponent revealed to identify two groups of sub-divisions with exactly similar region of every respect. Those two groups contain (i) sub-divisions Orissa and Assam and Meghalaya and also (ii) sub-divisions Sub Himalayan West Bengal and Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur and Tripura although those are at distances of hundreds of kilometers away. The behaviour of those subdivisions in a group has similar behaviour in all respects.
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S. N. PANDEY, R. BHATLA, MANOJ K. SRIVASTAVA, and R. K. MALL. "Floods and hazardous heavy rainfall in India: Comparison between local versus oceanic impact." Journal of Agrometeorology 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v12i1.1265.
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India, leading to heavy rainfall. Such heavy rainfall result in floods for wider region of northern India, and, which, finally, causes loss of agriculture, human and animal’s life, outbreak of diseases/ epidemics, and thus affecting national economy. An attempt has therefore, been made to analyze the disastrous events that occurred in the summer monsoon months over different states in India for the period 1981-2000. The analyses included the raining event which were active, but, caused due to- or without the monsoonal-systems that were formed in north Indian Ocean. Results showed that West Bengal was the mostly affected state during monsoon season, where both, local as well as monsoonal systems were equally responsible for heavy rainfall/ flood events. The local atmospheric phenomenon affected highly to Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, whereas for systems that were associated with the north Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, the states of West Bengal and Orissa were the mostly affected states. From the study, it may be concluded that all the heavy rainfall related disastrous weather events formed over different states in India was not only due to systems developed over Oceans, rather, local atmospheric phenomena had equally important contributor of similar affects, particularly for northern and western India.
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Bhattacharya, Bhaswati. "A Note on the Shipbuilding in Bengal in the Late Eighteenth Century." Itinerario 19, no. 3 (November 1995): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300021380.
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Both overseas trade and shipbuilding in India are of great antiquity. But even for the early modern period, maritime commerce is relatively better documented than the shipbuilding industry. When the Portuguese and later the North Europeans entered the intra-Asian trade, many of the ships they employed in order to supplement their shipping in Asia were obtained from the Indian dockyards. Detailed evidence with regard to shipbuilding, however, is very rare. It has been pointed out that the Portuguese in the sixteenth century were more particular than their North-European counter-parts in the following centuries in providing information on seafaring and shipbuilding. Shipbuilding on the west coast has been discussed more than that on the eastern coast of India, particularly the coast of Bengal. Though Bengal had a long tradition of shipbuilding, direct evidence of shipbuilding in the region is rare. Many changes were brought about in the history of India and the Indian Ocean trade of the eighteenth century, especially after the 1750s. When the English became the largest carriers of Bengal's trade with other parts of Asia, this had an impact on the shipbuilding in Bengal. It was in their interest that the British in Bengal had their ships built in that province.
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MISRA, TARUN KUMAR, ANIRUDDHA SAHA, ASHIS KUMAR NANDA, and PALASH MANDAL. "Effects of climatic factors on antioxidant quality of tea (Camellia sinensis) in North Bengal." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i7.83947.
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Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the important contributors to the growing economy of NorthBengal. The phytochemical and therapeutic qualities of tea prominently altered recently due to continuous change in climatic conditions of North Bengal. The nutraceutical quality of tea is largely dependent on antioxidant attributes. For investigating the relationship between antioxidant attributes and climatic factors, the present field experiment was conducted in 18 tea gardens of Terai, Dooars and Darjeeling Hills of North Bengal during 2012–17. Antioxidant and phytochemical analysis was performed in three different harvest seasons, viz. March, June and December. Phenolic compounds including catechins were low during winter months, and then gradually increased up to warmer spring season. In stress condition, tea plants biosynthesized more flavonoids and high flavour index in Darjeeling hills. However, free-radical scavenging and metal chelating activities were found to increase from spring to winter season. The data were pooled for PCA analysis to determine the relationship between seasonal variations and tea antioxidant quality in each region of North Bengal separately. Different attributes of climatic factors significantly correlated with antioxidant quality and bioactive compounds. Variation in climate is reportedly affecting the antioxidant quality of tea and its shifting pattern grossly influences the key phytochemicals responsible for the flavour of tea.
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Shoshe, Nusrat Zahan, Md Tariqul Islam, and Md Abdullah Al Mahmud. "Socio economic condition of Black Bengal goat farmers and their goat management in rural areas of North Bengal region, Bangladesh." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 1 (May 14, 2019): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i1.41391.
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A study was conducted on 300 farmers of five districts in north Bengal region, Bangladesh to know the socio economic status of farmers and their goat management system. We have found that 82% farmers are Muslim and 70% females are involved with goat farming. Survey showed that 47% goat farmer’s age range is (15-30 year) and 68% (46% female and 22% male) farmers are in primary standard level. Landless or small marginal farmers are involved with goat farming (37%). This study reflects that 54% farmer’s annual income is within 10,000 Tk whether 37% goat farmers earn between (10,000-20,000 Tk) per year. Only 9% farmers earn more than 20,000 Tk per year. 100% farmers in rural area rear their goat by semi intensive system; 82% and 18% farmers use kacha and paka floor respectively. 86% farmers supply concentrates feed with green grass whereas only 14% farmers do not supply any concentrate feed to their goat. Farmers supplied 2.63±0.05kg/day green grass, 60.00±5.86g/day concentrate and 0.62±0.03kg/day tree leaves per animal during lactation stage. Maximum (61%) farmers have more than 10 goat and 25% have 5-10 no. of goat. The body wt of buckling, doeling, buck and doe were 6.12± 0.04kg, 5.92± 0.06 kg, 8.45±0.10 kg and 7.44±0.04 kg respectively. Most of the farmers (84%) use natural and few farmers (16%) use artificial insemination to their doe. The incidence of pneumonia (61%), fever (43%), diarrhoea (42%) and anorexia (60%) are high in up to 1 month of age. Incidence of goat pox (58%) and alopecia (54%) are high in the age of above 9 months and ectoparasitic infestations (51%) are high in the age of (1-9) months. From above discussions we can concluded that Socio economic condition of farmers in rural area of North Bengal region is not so good. To enhance the production potential of the breed it is essential to introduce superior technologies and to create necessary facilities of improved practices in goat keeping.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 111-118, April 2019
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Ghosh, Arindam, Soumya Majumder, Sahadeb Sarkar, and Malay Bhattacharya. "Insights into Physicochemical Assessment of Shade Tree Litter Biomass in Tea Plantations of Terai Region." International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research 9, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v9i2.2968.
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Tea is a major plantation crop and the socioeconomic pillar of Terai region of West Bengal. Use of various inorganic fertilizers may have increased the crop production but affected the environment badly. Importance of biomass of different trees in accumulation of carbon had long been known but few studies on characterization of biomass accumulation are reported. So, selection of different species for getting the good amount of organic nutrients is important. In tea plantation, various leguminous trees are used as shade trees. This research, conducted in the tea plantation of University of North Bengal, has provided some approaches which could possibly reduce the application of inorganic fertilizers. Different tests on physicochemical parameters, micronutrients status, biomass etc. were conducted with the collected plant litters. The results of this comparative analysis suggested and validated the beneficial effects of each shade tree in organically maintaining nutrient profile of tea plantation soil.
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Bhanja, Archan, Anil Kumar, Anshuman K. Gupta, Arijit K. Gupta, Avishek Ghosal, Subhashis Mukherjee, and Saswata Chaudhury. "Developing a Framework for Rural Electrification in India- Analysis of the Prospects of Micro-grid Solutions." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 15, no. 8 (December 22, 2020): 1341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.150821.
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The present research examines the perceptions of rural consumers towards the microgrid and rural electrification (RE) based solutions and develops a framework for improving the establishment of rural RE based microgrid solution captured from a case study in the Kalimpong district of North Bengal. The study adopted a mixed methodology study design includes the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the study through stakeholder interviews and questionnaire-based primary survey of the sample households. The perceptions received from sample households were validated with the response from other stakeholders, including academicians, researchers and sectoral experts. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings of the present research indicate that to accelerate the socio-economic development of the hilly terrains of North Bengal region, multi-provider licensed based microgrid preferably with renewable-based is a preferred mode which ensures reliable and affordable access of electricity.
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Fleming, Benjamin J. "New copperplate grant of Śrīcandra (no. 8) from Bangladesh." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 73, no. 2 (June 2010): 223–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x10000066.
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AbstractThis article is the first publication of the Bogra copperplate, the eighth known land-grant inscription issued by Śrīcandra (r. c. 925–975 ce), one of the kings of the Candra dynasty of Bengal. A diplomatic transcription is included, together with an annotated English translation and a critically edited text in Devanāgarī. The inscription describes a gift of land to a Brahmin named Śrīkaradatta Śarman, who probably hails from North Bengal (“Hastipada [in the region of] Śrāvasti”). While the praśasti (praise) portions largely parallel the king's other known inscriptions, the inscription contributes new information about place names and regions associated with the Candra dynasty, as well as attesting the movements of Brahmins associated with the Parāśara Gotra and Chandoga Caraṇa. The article also provides an overview and assessment of research on the inscriptions and history of the Candra dynasty, particularly in light of the discovery and identification of this new inscription.
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Misra, Sanghamitra. "Rebellion and Ethnogenesis in Colonial North-Eastern Bengal: The Garos as Pagul Panthis." Studies in People's History 9, no. 1 (May 15, 2022): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23484489221080906.
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In the closing decades of the eighteenth and in the early decades of the nineteenth century, Peasant insurrection was endemic to the north-eastern borders of Bengal, including the submontane region of Gird Garrow, a characteristic shared with the contiguous Garo Hills. Locating these conditions of insurrection within changes in the order of the regional economy under the Company’s rule, the article elucidates the economic rationale of ‘primitive violence’ and reflects on the processes generated by the state itself in the course of subjugation of the Garo peasants in the region.
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Bhattacharya, Sayan, Arkajyoti Shome, Subrato Sarkar, Debayan Purkait, and Uday Chand Ghosh. "Socio-Environmental Survey of Two Ecologically Important Hamlets of North Bengal, India." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 28 (May 2014): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.28.102.
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Lava is a small hamlet situated 34 km. east of the Kalimpong subdivision in Darjeeling district of the state of West Bengal, India. Rishyap/Rishop, which nestles amidst the hidden hills of Neora Valley is around 9 km. from Lava. The forest of Neora Valley is very close to Lava and is an excellent place of Indian biodiversity, which spreads over an area of 88 km2. The main objective of the present research work was to construct the social, environmental, cultural and economic framework of the Lava and Rishop area and to highlight the proposals for sustainable management policies of those ecologically sensitive zones. The study was done in April, 2014 by visiting Lava, Rishop and Neora Valley and the information was gathered through field survey and direct contact with common people and authorized centers of the regions. Surveys on the agriculture, horticulture, livestock, water management, education, culture, health, waste management, transport and biodiversity were done in these areas. Lava, Rishop and the Neora valley areas have become the prominent tourist spots of West Bengal for pleasure trips, biological and geographical excursions and medical research works. In spite of getting so much attention in the recent time, the areas are not adequately developed. There is an urgent need for implementing sustainable management systems in the areas for the betterment of the socio-environmental structures. Some of the possible management strategies have been suggested for maintaining the social, environmental, economic and ecological balance of the region.
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Ali, Md Erman, Khaled Mahmud Sujan, Imrul Hasan Rasel, and Md Kamrul Islam. "Prevalence of diarrhea of goats and their concurrent blood profile in north west region of Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v7i1.53303.
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In Bangladesh, Diarrhea occurs in goats of any age and is responsible for poor growth in kids and a significant loss of production both through morbidity and mortality. The study was undertaken to determine the clinical prevalence of diarrheal diseases of goats with concurrent blood profile. A total of 1,007 goats were examined which were brought for treatment in the Upazilla Veterinary Hospital, Biral, Dinajpur. Among them 149 goats were found clinically affected by diarrhea and the overall prevalence of diarrheal disease in goats was 14.80%. A total of 402 male and 605 female goats were examined and their diarrheal prevalence were 14.17%, 15.15%, respectively. The Prevalence in Jamnapari goat (18.80%) was signicantly (P<0.01) higher than in Black Bengal goats (14.26%). The prevalence (59.52%) in suckler (below 3 months) was much significantly (P<0.001) higher than in young (12.47%) and adults (13.42%). Higher prevalence was found due to parasitic infection (38.25%) with a declining order in PPR (30.20%), overfeeding (24.16%) and poisoning (7.30%). The leukocyte number significantly (P<0.001) higher in goats affected by diarrhea whereas TEC, PCV, Hb and Erythrocyte Indices were in normal ranges. From this study, it can be concluded that suckler, female goats and Jamnapari goats are more susceptible to diarrhea than adult, male goats and Black Bengal goats.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 6-11
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Das, Uday, and Rafiqul Islam. "LIVELIHOOD REALISM: A REVIEW ON CLOSED TEA GARDENS OF DOOARS, WEST BENGAL." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i2.2021.3355.
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The paper is an attempt to understanding the ongoing livelihood realities in closed/ abandoned tea garden of Bengal-Dooars (Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar). The region produced large scale good qualities tea in more than 150 organised tea estates. Tea industry of North Bengal has been trashily affected by global economic quandary and local constraints. Many tea estates failed to manage the shock; the management closed many gardens. The garden closure and work shutdown have been produced a livelihood disaster. A school drop-out, child trafficking, Child labour mobility, rally of hunger and starvation death and extreme poverty is the ongoing livelihood phenomena in labour colonies of closed tea gardens. The present paper has discussed the particulars (housing, drinking water, medical facilities, education, liabilities etc.) of five closed gardens by using the data from TG Survey Final Report, Labour Commissionerate, Govt. of West Bengal and Tea Board of India.
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TYAGI, AJIT. "Thunderstorm climatology over Indian region." MAUSAM 58, no. 2 (November 27, 2021): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v58i2.1204.
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Thunderstorm is a severe weather phenomenon, the impact of which is being increasingly felt by all the sectors of society. In this study attempt has been made to develop thunderstorm climatology over Indian region based on latest representative climatological data. In all, data of 450 observatories comprising of 390 IMD observatories, 50 IAF observatories, six Bangladesh observatories, two Pakistan observatories, and one each in Nepal and Sri Lanka have been analysed. Inclusion of climatological data of Indian Air Force and Bangladesh has helped in developing representative climatology over Indian region. The study has brought out higher (100-120 days) annual frequency of thunderstorm as compared to those given by earlier studies (80-100 days). The highest annual frequency (100-120 days) is observed over Assam and Sub Himalayan West Bengal in the east and Jammu region in the north. The lowest frequency (less than 5 days) is observed over Ladakh region. In the plains Gangetic West Bengal and Bangladesh record between 80 and 100 days of thunderstorm annually. Kerala records highest (80-100 days) thunderstorm frequency of thunderstorm over peninsula. Udhampur observatory (132 days) in Jammu sub-division records highest number of thunderstorms in the country followed by Kumbhigram (Silchar) observatory (129 days) in south Assam and Hasimara (123 days) in Sub Himalayan West Bengal. In the plains Saurashtra and Kutch record lowest number (less than 15 days) of thunderstorm in the country.
Thunderstorms are primarily short lived mesoscale weather phenomena. Existing synoptic network of part time observatories have limitations in recording all the occurrences of thunderstorms at the observatory and adjoining areas. Inclusion of data from such observatories results in lower frequency of the event and vitiates climatology. Efforts have been made in this study to develop thunderstorm climatology by using quality data of full time current weather (Airport) observatories, class I and selected class II IMD observatories. Since number of full time observatories in most of the sub divisions is few, the study is not able to bring out finer spatial variation of thunderstorm activity with in sub-divisions. Thunderstorm is a high impact severe weather event, which affects all the sectors of the society. Therefore, both from operational and climatological point of view, there is urgent need to establish at least one full time current weather observatory in each district to ensure proper reporting of all thunderstorm occurrences and to build district level thunderstorm climatology in the country.
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Jagadish Biswas, Vivek Kumar, Tenzing Zampel Bhutia, Prabir Kumar Deb, and Mrinal Kanti Jha. "Epidemiological Study of Cases of Death Due to Drowning at Mortuary of North Bengal Medical College Hospital." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 15, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15305.
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Drowning is a mode of asphyxia which literally means, ‘suffer death by submersion in water or any other liquid’ or ‘suffocation by submersion in water or any other liquid because of being unable to breath’. As per WHO, in 2015, an estimated 360 000 people died from drowning, making drowning a major public health problem worldwide. We have conducted this study in Morgue of North Bengal Medical College, Siliguri to find out the demographic profile of drowning cases of North Bengal Region. In this study we have analysed the 55 cases of drowning deaths autopsied in the mortuary of Department of Forensic Medicine, NBMCH, Darjeeling, West Bengal in the last one year from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. All data were analysed by appropriate statistical tools like SPSS software. In this study we found that most of the cases belong to young adult age group (29%) and cases are mostly of males (82%). In the month of July to September (34.54%) cases of drowning deaths were high and most of deceased died due to fall inside the well (43 %). Incidence of drowning deaths were mostly seen between 12 noon to 4 pm (60%) and 89.09 % cases of drowning deaths occurred immediately after the incidence.
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Chakraborty, B. N., P. L. Dey, R. Shankar, J. Adhikari, and D. Lama. "Genetic relatedness between some saprophytic and parasitic macrofungi of Darjeeling Hills." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, no. 1 (2010): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.013.
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Eight dominant saprophytic and parasitic macro fungi collccted from Darjeeling hills [N 26°31’ 27.13 – E 87-59’ -88.53'] of North Bengal region were studied using internal transcribe space (ITS) and RAPD PCR, rDNA region of saprophytic and parasitic macro fungi with ITS1 and ITS4 primers produced range between 400-800bp products. The genetic relatedness among these macro fungi were analyzed with four random primers. RAPD profiles showed genetic diversity among the isolates with the formation of two clusters. Analysis of dendrogram revealed that similarity coefficient ranged from 0.34-0.86.
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Chakraborty, B. N., P. L. Dey, R. Shankar, J. Adhikari, and D. Lama. "Genetic relatedness between some saprophytic and parasitic macrofungi of Darjeeling Hills." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, no. 1 (2010): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.013.
Full textAbstract:
Eight dominant saprophytic and parasitic macro fungi collccted from Darjeeling hills [N 26°31’ 27.13 – E 87-59’ -88.53'] of North Bengal region were studied using internal transcribe space (ITS) and RAPD PCR, rDNA region of saprophytic and parasitic macro fungi with ITS1 and ITS4 primers produced range between 400-800bp products. The genetic relatedness among these macro fungi were analyzed with four random primers. RAPD profiles showed genetic diversity among the isolates with the formation of two clusters. Analysis of dendrogram revealed that similarity coefficient ranged from 0.34-0.86.
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Dey, Nayan, and Payel Das. "Coastal Vulnerability Assessment of Kanthi Coast, India by the Geospatial Technology." Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 4, no. 3 (December 30, 2023): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v4i3.910.
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Since ancient times, most of the world’s civilization flourished along the banks of rivers and the coastal region. So the coastal region plays a vital role for human economic activities as well as their livelihood. The Kanthi coast, the northernmost part of the North Circus coast of India stretches in West Bengal and northern Odisha. The 45 km stretched coast land is associated with a dense population and faces the tropical cyclone emerging from the Bay of Bengal. The prime objective of the paper is to assess the coastal vulnerability of the study area. With the help of several indicators, viz. shoreline change rate, rate of sea level change, slope of the beach, wave height, tidal range, regional elevation, geomorphic features, sediment properties, coastal regulation zone (CRZ) violation ratio, the research work assess the Coastal Vulnerability Zone (CVZ) of the Kanthi Coastal region. The weightage sum method and Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) are being used. From this research work, it has been revealed that the western segment especially, Digha and Shankarpur are experiencing a high vulnerability situation.
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DAS, SUNIT, C. S. TOMAR, R. K. GIRI, K. BHATTACHARJEE, and B. BARMAN. "The severe thunderstorm of 5th April, 2010 at Guwahati airport : An observational study." MAUSAM 65, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v65i1.925.
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During the afternoon of 5th April, 2010, a thunderstorm swept across Guwahati Airport (Lat. 26º26´, Long 91º35´) and neighborhood from northwest direction. Strong squally winds (reaching up to 49 knots) and high intensity rain (11mm in 15 minutes) were registered accompanying the storm. One person was killed by the falling tree due to squally winds and several others were injured by the event. The observed evolution of temperature, humidity, wind and pressure at Guwahati Airport, as well as the sequence of satellite and radar images, revealed the presence and movement of convective cells. An observational analysis of the event has been given in this paper. The aim of the study is to contribute to the characterization of these events by analyzing the observational information available. The diagnosis is aimed at helping forecasters to identify this kind of organized deep convective events and being able to issue timely warnings. The synoptic scenario shows warm and moist advection from the Bay of Bengal in low levels over Northeastern region of India and an upper-level north-south trough running from Sub-Himalayan West Bengal to north Orissa. This situation is known to be favorable for development of severe convection over Northeastern region of India during pre-monsoon season.
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Lama, Aditya, and Souvik Ghosh. "Factors Influencing Crop Based Diversified Farming Systems in Hilly and Terai Region of North Bengal." Journal of Community Mobilization and Sustainable Development 15, no. 2 (2020): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-6736.2020.00004.
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Kumar, Vivek, Priyankar Roy, Rajib Prasad, and Prabir Kumar Deb. "Epidemiological Study of Cases of Custodial Deaths in North Bengal Region During Last Five Years." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 12, no. 3 (2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00144.5.
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Tamang, S., S. Saha, D. Saha, and A. Saha. "Investigation on disease incidence, distribution and diversity of Begomoviruses infecting cucurbitaceous crops in North Bengal, India." Journal of Environmental Biology 45, no. 2 (March 23, 2024): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/45/2/mrn-5187.
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Aim: To study the disease incidence and diversity of Begomovirus infection and crop loss due to spread of virus across different districts of North Bengal. Methodology: Several fields in different districts of North Bengal were surveyed and potential begomoviral-infected samples were collected for further analysis. Total DNA extraction, PCR analysis, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Results: During 2019-2021, ten fields of each district were surveyed and begomoviral occurrence was observed in almost every field. The disease incidence in different districts varied from 15-45%. The highest disease (42.5%) incidence of was observed in the Darjeeling district while the lowest (15%) was recorded from Alipurduar district. The maximum crop loss due to Begomovirus was 64-100% in bitter gourd, 40-80% in cucumber and 20-30% in wax gourd. 153 samples from 6 different cucurbits were collected and analysed. PCR using AV494/AC1048 primers that amplified coat protein region (~550bp) showed 74% of the samples as positive. Upon sequencing and BLAST analysis, ToLCNDV, SLCCV and BGYVV were detected. In phylogenetic analysis, the isolates clustered in three separate clades based on Begomovirus species irrespective of the hosts. Present isolates showed more closeness to Indian and Bangladesh isolates. Interpretation: The documentation of disease severity caused by Begomovirus is of extreme importance for food security of the people. Present study revealed that Begomovirus is present in all the crop field studied. The results indicated an urgent need for the management of the viruses to save crops. Key words: Begomovirus, Cucurbitaceous crops, Disease incidence, North Bengal
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SINGH, O. P. "Long-term trends in the frequency of severe cyclones of Bay of Bengal : Observations and simulations." MAUSAM 58, no. 1 (November 26, 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v58i1.1131.
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The east coast of India and the coasts of Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka are vulnerable to the incidence of tropical cyclones of the Bay of Bengal. Every year these cyclones inflict heavy loss of life and property in this region. Global climate change resulting from anthropogenic activity is likely to manifest itself in the weather and climate of the Bay of Bengal region also. The long-term trends in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones of the Bay of Bengal during intense cyclonic months May, October and November is one such problem which has been addressed in the present paper.Utilizing the existing data of 129 years (1877-2005) pertaining to the tropical cyclone frequency and intensity in the Bay of Bengal during May, October and November, a study was undertaken to investigate the trends in the frequency of Severe Cyclonic Storms (SCS) during past decades. The results of the trend analysis reveal that the SCS frequency over the Bay of Bengal has registered significant increasing trends in past 129 years during the intense cyclonic months. It may be emphasized that these trends are long-term trends for more than hundred years based on statistical analyses which do not necessarily imply that SCS frequency has increased continuously decade after decade. As a matter of fact there has been a slight decrease in SCS frequency after peaking in the pentad 1966-1970, but this does not alter the long-term trend much. The intensification rate during November, which accounts for highest number of intense cyclones in the north Indian Ocean, has registered a steep rise of 26% per hundred years, implying that a tropical depression forming in the Bay of Bengal during November has a high probability to reach to severe cyclone stage. A regional climate model simulation revealed the enhanced cyclogenesis in the Bay of Bengal during May, October and November as a result of increased anthropogenic emissions in the atmosphere
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Hasan, Mohammad Nurul, Md Noor Islam, and Salma Begum. "Geophysical interpretation of tectonic features in Bangladesh." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 18 (December 1, 1998): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v18i0.32205.
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Bangladesh occupies the major part of the Bengal basin. It is mainly a plain fluvi-dieltaic land. Except the eastern and northeastern Tertiary hilly region, the whole country is covered with thick Quaternary sediments.
Tectonic features in Bangladesh, except the eastern and northeastern hilly structures, are hidden under thick cover of sediments. Gravity anomalies dearly show the locations of major subsurface tectonic features of the country, namely a) Himalayan foredeep, b) Rangpur platform, c) Hinge zone, d) Surma basin and e) Bengal foredeep. Magnetic anomalies and the seismic sections also support the gravity results.
Shape, extent and depth of the tectonic features in Bangladesh are interpreted from geophysical data, particularly from the gravity data supported by available geological and drilling information. Interpretation shows that the Rangpur platform, situated in the northwestern Bangladesh, is the shallowest subsurface tectonic feature in the country. The northern part of the Rangpur platform slopes down to the Himalayan foredeep and the southern part to the Hinge zone. The Surma Basin, containing very thick sediments, lies in north-east corner of the country; and the Bengal foredeep, the most extended tectonic feature, occupies the southern deltaic part of the country. The Fold Belt, the only exposed tectonic feature, lies in the eastern and northeastern hilly region of the country.
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MAITY, KAUSHIK, SAON BANERJEE, MANISH KUMAR NASKAR, SARATH CHANDRAN, SARATHI SAHA, ASIS MUKHERJEE, and KUSHAL SARMAH. "Variation of standardized precipitation index (SPI) over southern West Bengal and its effect on jute yield." Journal of Agrometeorology 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v10i1.2328.
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West Bengal is a key producer of raw jute fiber in the country. Identifying and managing dry spells during the jute growing period is crucial, necessitating contingency crop planning for enhanced productivity. Keeping this view in mind, standardized precipitation index (SPI) was calculated over five locations, representing five different districts of southern West Bengal. These locations are Barrackpore (North 24 Parganas District), Panagarh (Burdwan District), Bagati (Hooghly District), Krishnanagar (Nadia District) and Uluberia (Howrah District). This rainfall dependent dryness index (SPI) was calculated in 1 month and 3 months interval to identify short term dryness as well as mid-term dryness, applicable for seasonal crops. The trend analysis of the SPI values indicated that North 24 Parganas and Nadia experienced increased dryness during vegetative phase of Jute. Nadia district showed a significant increase in both short term and long-term dryness. The yield reduction index is well correlated with SPI values in all the study locations except Howrah. Arrangement of irrigation during the early stages of Jute can help the crop to cope up with the break of monsoon in this region
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Bagchi, Nilay Ranjan. "Outcome predictors of meningoencephelitis due to Orienta tsutsugamushi in children: a retrospective study in tertiary care hospital in the terai region of West Bengal." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 9, no. 11 (October 27, 2022): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20222765.
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Background: Childhood infection by Orienta tsutsugamushi is endemic in India and central nervous system invasion by this organism is exceedingly high which is difficult to diagnose. Meningoencephelitis is a life-threatening manifestation of febrile illness caused by orienta tsutsugamushi that can cause significant morbidity and case fatality. Early diagnosis of mortality indicators and judicious intensive treatment accordingly can reduce mortality.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 22 patients of meningoencephelitis due to Orienta tsutsugamushi to find out the mortality predictors in the department of pediatrics of North Bengal medical college, Darjeeling, West Bengal, IndiaResults: It was seen that Pneumonitis, raised SGPT, Oedema and raised creatinine were found to be poor prognostic indicators of orienta tsutsugamushi meningoencephelitis.Conclusions: Identification of those predictors and early initiation of intensive management accordingly will be salutary to reduce mortality in orienta tsutsugamushi meningoencephelitis.
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Ratnam, J. V., S. K. Behera, Y. Masumoto, and T. Yamagata. "Role of Rossby Waves in the Remote Effects of the North Indian Ocean Tropical Disturbances." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 11 (November 1, 2012): 3620–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00027.1.
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Abstract Remote effects due to the tropical disturbances in the north Indian Ocean are investigated by analyzing long-lasting (≥5 days) tropical disturbances, which reached at least the strength of tropical storms. The present analysis is carried out for both the pre- and postmonsoon periods. The spatial and temporal distribution of the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) during the premonsoon disturbances over the Bay of Bengal reveals several interesting features. Temporal distribution of the OLR anomalies shows that the intraseasonal oscillations play an important role in the formation of those disturbances. The spatial distribution of the OLR anomalies shows a dipole with negative OLR anomalies over the bay and positive OLR anomalies over the Indonesian region. The atmospheric response to the negative OLR anomalies results in positive temperature anomalies over northwest India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, remote from the disturbance; and the response to the positive anomalies causes slight increase in the sea surface temperature of the Arabian Sea. Negative OLR anomalies are also seen over western Japan due to the Rossby waves generated by the heating over the Bay of Bengal besides the enhancement of the so-called “Pacific–Japan” teleconnection pattern. However, the analysis shows that the postmonsoon disturbances over the Bay of Bengal and the disturbances formed over the Arabian Sea in both pre- and postmonsoon seasons do not develop remote teleconnections associated with the above type of Rossby wave mechanism. These results are significant for the short- to medium-range weather forecast over a wide range covering Japan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and Saudi Arabia.
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CEDERLÖF, GUNNEL. "Poor Man's Crop: Evading opium monopoly." Modern Asian Studies 53, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 633–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x17001093.
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AbstractResearch on opium in colonial India has so far mainly focused on the competing Malwa and Bengal opium currents under the control of the Sindia and Holkar families and of the British East India Company, respectively. The historical trajectory has tended to emphasize the implementation of a draconian and all-encompassing British monopoly. This study joins the emerging efforts to search the regional histories on the margins of the strongest players’ actions on the global scene. It aims at nuancing the narratives by focusing on a region away from such centres. The study investigates the local cultivation and usage of opium in Rangpore district—a region in north Bengal that had recently been badly affected by a severe flood. Here, the drug was extensively used and the lucrative trade with neighbouring states gave small-scale cultivators an income also under hard environmental conditions. The fact that production and trade were small-scale, fragmented, and made use of markets in Cooch Bihar, Assam, and Bhutan impeded British attempts at getting in control of production and trade.
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Chakraborty, Sumanta, and Sunamika Banerjee. "A study on hospital bed utilisation based on disease wise ICD-10 coding in surgery ward of a rural tertiary care hospital of Darjeeling district of West Bengal." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 4387. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194499.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Hospital costs are the largest component of health expenditure and they have therefore been a key focus in the drive for increased efficiency in the health sector.1With the simultaneous menace of ever increasing price rise and population explosion there is dearth of the existing meagre resources and thereby it becomes necessary to allocate and utilise the available resources to the fullest with provisions for minimum wastage. The objective of this study is to find out the pattern of diseases with their ICD-10 codes and the hospital performance indicators in patients admitted at the surgery ward of North Bengal Medical College during the study period.Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study with cross-sectional design was done by complete enumeration of all patients admitted in surgery ward of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital in Darjeeling district of West Bengal from July 2016 to September 2016.Results: A total of 2227 patients were admitted during the study period with intra-cerebral haemorrhage (I61) being the most common cause of admission followed by abdominal injury (S36) and burn (T29). The bed occupancy rate was 144.21%, bed turn-over rate 14.26 and average length 9.1. Scatter plot indicates hospital utilisation at Region IV as per Pabon Lasso Model of Hospital Utilisation.Conclusions: A high bed occupancy rate and low bed turn-over rate indicates scarcity of hospital beds, preponderance of severe and chronic cases and unnecessary stay in hospital.