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Journal articles on the topic 'North America'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Hara K L, O. "Multiaged silviculture in North America." Journal of Forest Science 55, No. 9 (August 4, 2009): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4/2009-jfs.

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Multiaged silviculture is highly variable across North America but a commonality is the ties to the negative exponential diameter distribution to guide stocking control. These methods have evolved in several regions to include alternative stand structures and new stocking control tools are being developed. A trend in these new developments is integrating disturbance regimes and their effects on stand structure. The result, in some cases, is a movement towards longer cutting cycles and more flexible guidelines for stand structure.

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Law, David M. "Democratic Deficits, North America and Security." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 1, no. 1 (2002): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.01.1.09.

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3

Smith, P. L., J. M. Beyers, E. S. Carter, G. K. Jakobs, J. Pálfy, E. Pessagno, and H. W. Tipper. "5. North America 5.1 Lower Jurassic." Newsletters on Stratigraphy 31, no. 1 (September 15, 1994): 33–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nos/31/1994/33.

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Gurpegui Palacios, José Antonio. "North America and Spain: Transversal Perspectives." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 22 (2018): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2018.i22.16.

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Morrow, Juliet E., and Toby A. Morrow. "Geographic Variation in Fluted Projectile Points: A Hemispheric Perspective." American Antiquity 64, no. 2 (April 1999): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694275.

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This paper examines geographic variation in fluted point morphology across North and South America. Metric data on 449 North American points, 31 Central American points, and 61 South American points were entered into a database. Ratios calculated from these metric attributes are used to quantify aspects of point shape across the two continents. The results of this analysis indicate gradual, progressive changes in fluted point outline shape from the Great Plains of western North America into adjacent parts of North America as well as into Central and South America. The South American “Fishtail” form of fluted point is seen as the culmination of incremental changes in point shape that began well into North America. A geographically gradual decline in fluting frequency also is consistent with the stylistic evolution of the stemmed “Fishtail” points. Although few in number, the available radiocarbon dates do suggest that “Fishtail” fluted points in southern South America are younger than the earliest dates associated with Clovis points in western North America. All of these data converge on the conclusion that South American “Fishtail” points evolved from North American fluted points.

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Henley, Keith S. "North America." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 26, sup189 (January 1991): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528509097527.

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7

Thompson, Paul B. "North America." Agricultural History 85, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 254–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3098/ah.2011.85.2.254.

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8

Zevin, A. "North America." Carbon & Climate Law Review 11, no. 2 (2017): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2017/2/14.

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Danish, K. W. "North America." Carbon & Climate Law Review 12, no. 1 (2018): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2018/1/10.

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Zevin, A. "North America." Carbon & Climate Law Review 12, no. 2 (2018): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2018/2/10.

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Zevin, A. "North America." Carbon & Climate Law Review 12, no. 3 (2018): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2018/3/14.

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Zevin, A. "North America." Carbon & Climate Law Review 13, no. 3 (2019): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/cclr/2019/3/10.

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Gabriel, Joseph M. "North America." History: Reviews of New Books 37, no. 4 (July 2009): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2009.10527367.

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14

Knox, Paul. "North America." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 61, no. 3 (September 2006): 633–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200606100307.

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15

STORCK, WILLIAM J. "NORTH AMERICA." Chemical & Engineering News 75, no. 50 (December 15, 1997): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n050.p018.

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PEAFF, GEORGE. "NORTH AMERICA." Chemical & Engineering News 75, no. 50 (December 15, 1997): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n050.p022.

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PEAFF, GEORGE. "NORTH AMERICA." Chemical & Engineering News 75, no. 50 (December 15, 1997): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n050.p025.

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Bree, Robert L. "North America." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 26 (May 2000): S169—S172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-5629(00)00197-6.

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Spencer, Paul. "North America." Refocus 5, no. 4 (July 2004): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(04)00153-2.

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Westwood, Adam. "North America." Refocus 7, no. 4 (July 2006): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(06)70617-5.

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21

Arora, David. "North America." Economic Botany 62, no. 3 (November 2008): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12231-008-9062-3.

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22

Moran, Andrew. "North America." Global Heart 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.2443.

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None, None. "North America." Global Heart 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.515.

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Allen, Robert C., Tommy E. Murphy, and Eric B. Schneider. "The Colonial Origins of the Divergence in the Americas: A Labor Market Approach." Journal of Economic History 72, no. 4 (December 14, 2012): 863–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050712000629.

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This article introduces the Americas in the Great Divergence debate by measuring real wages in various North and South American cities between colonization and independence, and comparing them to Europe and Asia. We find that for much of the period, North America was the most prosperous region of the world, while Latin America was much poorer. We then discuss a series of hypotheses that can explain these results, including migration, the demography of the American Indian populations, and the various labor systems implemented in the continent.

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Manos, Paul S., and Andrew L. Hipp. "An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the North American Oaks (Quercus Subgenus Quercus): Review of the Contribution of Phylogenomic Data to Biogeography and Species Diversity." Forests 12, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060786.

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The oak flora of North America north of Mexico is both phylogenetically diverse and species-rich, including 92 species placed in five sections of subgenus Quercus, the oak clade centered on the Americas. Despite phylogenetic and taxonomic progress on the genus over the past 45 years, classification of species at the subsectional level remains unchanged since the early treatments by WL Trelease, AA Camus, and CH Muller. In recent work, we used a RAD-seq based phylogeny including 250 species sampled from throughout the Americas and Eurasia to reconstruct the timing and biogeography of the North American oak radiation. This work demonstrates that the North American oak flora comprises mostly regional species radiations with limited phylogenetic affinities to Mexican clades, and two sister group connections to Eurasia. Using this framework, we describe the regional patterns of oak diversity within North America and formally classify 62 species into nine major North American subsections within sections Lobatae (the red oaks) and Quercus (the white oaks), the two largest sections of subgenus Quercus. We also distill emerging evolutionary and biogeographic patterns based on the impact of phylogenomic data on the systematics of multiple species complexes and instances of hybridization.

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Carroll, Francis M. "British North America and American Expansionism." Canadian Review of American Studies 23, no. 1 (September 1992): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras-023-01-11.

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Schrader, J., D. G. A. B. Oonincx, and M. P. Ferreira. "North American entomophagy." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2016): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2016.0003.

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Eating insects is not a common Northern American practice today. However, in the past a variety of insect species was consumed in Northern America (north of Mexico including Greenland). The aim of this literature review is to provide an historical overview of North American entomophagy based upon both peer and non-peer reviewed sources on this topic. Regional differences in insect consumption and reasons for being underreported are discussed. We show that North American natives, and in certain cases colonists, collected and consumed a large variety of edible insects. These are categorised per order and where available, information on how these species were collected and processed is provided. Lastly, we mention reasons for the renewed interest in edible insects in North America, and make suggestions for future studies.

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Carrillo, Juan D., Søren Faurby, Daniele Silvestro, Alexander Zizka, Carlos Jaramillo, Christine D. Bacon, and Alexandre Antonelli. "Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 42 (October 5, 2020): 26281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009397117.

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The interchange between the previously disconnected faunas of North and South America was a massive experiment in biological invasion. A major gap in our understanding of this invasion is why there was a drastic increase in the proportion of mammals of North American origin found in South America. Four nonmutually exclusive mechanisms may explain this asymmetry: 1) Higher dispersal rate of North American mammals toward the south, 2) higher origination of North American immigrants in South America, 3) higher extinction of mammals with South American origin, and 4) similar dispersal rate but a larger pool of native taxa in North versus South America. We test among these mechanisms by analyzing ∼20,000 fossil occurrences with Bayesian methods to infer dispersal and diversification rates and taxonomic selectivity of immigrants. We find no differences in the dispersal and origination rates of immigrants. In contrast, native South American mammals show higher extinction. We also find that two clades with North American origin (Carnivora and Artiodactyla) had significantly more immigrants in South America than other clades. Altogether, the asymmetry of the interchange was not due to higher origination of immigrants in South America as previously suggested, but resulted from higher extinction of native taxa in southern South America. These results from one of the greatest biological invasions highlight how biogeographic processes and biotic interactions can shape continental diversity.

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Fenn, M. E., T. G. Huntington, S. B. McLaughlin, C. Eagar, A. Gomez, and R. B. Cook. "Status of soil acidification in North America." Journal of Forest Science 52, Special Issue (January 1, 2006): S3—S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10152-jfs.

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Forest soil acidification and depletion of nutrient cations have been reported for several forested regions in North America, predominantly in the eastern United States, including the northeast and in the central Appalachians, but also in parts of southeastern Canada and the southern U.S. Continuing regional inputs of nitrogen and sulfur are of concern because of leaching of base cations, increased availability of soil Al, and the accumulation and ultimate transmission of acidity from forest soils to streams. Losses of calcium from forest soils and forested watersheds have now been documented as a sensitive early indicator and a functionally significant response to acid deposition for a wide range of forest soils in North America. For red spruce, a clear link has been established between acidic deposition, alterations in calcium and aluminum supplies and increased sensitivity to winter injury. Cation depletion appears to contribute to sugar maple decline on some soils, specifically the high mortality rates observed in northern Pennsylvania over the last decade. While responses to liming have not been systematically examined in North America, in a study in Pennsylvania, restoring basic cations through liming increased basal area growth of sugar maple and levels of calcium and magnesium in soil and foliage. In the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California near the west coast, the pH of the A horizon has declined by at least 2 pH units (to pH 4.0–4.3) over the past 30 years, with no detrimental effects on bole growth; presumably, because of the Mediterranean climate, base cation pools are still high and not limiting for plant growth.

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Webb, S. David. "Ecogeography and the Great American Interchange." Paleobiology 17, no. 3 (1991): 266–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300010605.

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When the isthmian land bridge triggered the Great American Interchange, a large majority of land-mammal families crossed reciprocally between North and South America at about 2.5 Ma (i.e., Late Pliocene). Initially land-mammal dynamics proceeded as predicted by equilibrium theory, with roughly equal reciprocal mingling on both continents. Also as predicted, the impact of the interchange faded in North America after about 1 m.y. In South America, contrary to such predictions, the interchange became decidedly unbalanced: during the Pleistocene, groups of North American origin continued to diversify at exponential rates. Whereas only about 10% of North American genera are derived from southern immigrants, more than half of the modern mammalian fauna of South America, measured at the generic level, stems from northern immigrants. In addition, extinctions more severely decimated interchange taxa in North America, where six families were lost, than in South America, where only two immigrant families became extinct.This paper presents a two-phase ecogeographic model to explain the asymmetrical results of the land-mammal interchange. During the humid interglacial phase, the tropics were dominated by rain forests, and the principal biotic movement was from Amazonia to Central America and southern Mexico. During the more arid glacial phase, savanna habitats extended broadly right through tropical latitudes. Because the source area in the temperate north was six times as large as that in the south, immigrants from the north outnumbered those from the south. One prediction of this hypothesis is that immigrants from the north generally should reach higher latitudes in South America than the opposing contingent of land-mammal taxa in North America. Another prediction is that successful interchange families from the north should experience much of their phylogenetic diversification in low latitudes of North America before the interchange. Insofar as these predictions can be tested, they appear to be upheld.

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Reichard, Mason V., Tiana L. Sanders, Pabasara Weerarathne, James H. Meinkoth, Craig A. Miller, Ruth C. Scimeca, and Consuelo Almazán. "Cytauxzoonosis in North America." Pathogens 10, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091170.

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Cytauxzoonosis is an emerging tick-borne disease of domestic and wild felids produced by infection of Cytauxzoon felis, an apicomplexan protozoan similar to Theileria spp. Transmitted by Amblyomma americanum, lone star tick, and Dermacentor variabilis, American dog tick, infection of C. felis in cats is severe, characterized by depression, lethargy, fever, hemolytic crisis, icterus, and possibly death. Cytauxzoonosis occurs mainly in the southern, south-central, and mid-Atlantic United States in North America, in close association with the distribution and activity of tick vectors. Infection of C. felis, although severe, is no longer considered uniformly fatal, and unless moribund, every attempt to treat cytauxzoonosis cats should be made. Herein we review cytauxzoonosis, including its etiology, affected species, its life cycle and pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and epidemiology, emphasizing clinical pathology findings in cats infected with this important emerging tick-borne disease in North and South America.

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Hancock, James F., and Arlen D. Draper. "Blueberry Culture in North America." HortScience 24, no. 4 (August 1989): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.4.551.

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Abstract Blueberries belong to the genus Vaccinium in the heath family Ericaceae. Several sections are agriculturally important, including Cyanococcus (true blueberries), Oxycoccus (cranberries), and Myrtillus (bilberries and whortleberries). Wild representatives of Oxycoccus and Myrtillus are found in both Europe and North America, while Cyanococcus is solely North American.

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Bona, Paula, Martín D. Ezcurra, Francisco Barrios, and María V. Fernandez Blanco. "A new Palaeocene crocodylian from southern Argentina sheds light on the early history of caimanines." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1885 (August 22, 2018): 20180843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0843.

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Caimanines are crocodylians currently restricted to South and Central America and the oldest members are from lower Palaeocene localities of the Salamanca Formation (Chubut Province, Argentina). We report here a new caimanine from this same unit represented by a skull roof and partial braincase. Its phylogenetic relationships were explored in a cladistic analysis using standard characters and a morphogeometric two-dimensional configuration of the skull roof. The phylogenetic results were used for an event-based supermodel quantitative palaeobiogeographic analysis. The new species is recovered as the most basal member of the South American caimanines, and the Cretaceous North American lineage ‘ Brachychampsa and related forms' as the most basal Caimaninae. The biogeographic results estimated north-central North America as the ancestral area of Caimaninae, showing that the Cretaceous and Palaeocene species of the group were more widespread than thought and became regionally extinct in North America around the Cretaceous–Palaeocene boundary. A dispersal event from north-central North America during the middle Late Cretaceous explains the arrival of the group to South America. The Palaeogene assemblage of Patagonian crocodylians is composed of three lineages of caimanines as a consequence of independent dispersal events that occurred between North and South America and within South America around the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary.

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Edwards, Owen Dudley. "The Irish Priest in North America." Studies in Church History 25 (1989): 311–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400008767.

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To assert at the outset of this study, as I do, that the task before me is both impossible and essential, may be justly proclaimed a proceeding both cowardly and obvious. We are principally concerned with the nineteenth century, but the twentieth century prolonged many of the features of Irish Roman Catholic clerical identity of the nineteenth, in North America as elsewhere. Vitally important patterns and castes (social and mental) were established in the eighteenth century, and the first Irish-American Roman Catholic priestof major significance in the United States, John Carroll (1735-1815), first Roman Catholic bishop in the U.SA and first archbishop of Baltimore, owed his American birth initially to migration of his father’s kinsmen in the late seventeenth century. Anglophone North America from 178 3 consisted of two political obediences, with similarities and contrasts both subtle and, at least superficially, forceful. The huge and consistently expanding area of white settlement in North America in which the Irish Catholic clergy participated, created other great divergences: when American historians at the end of the nineteenth century under the influence of figures as divergent as Frederick Jackson Turner of the ‘frontier thesis’, Ulrich Bonnell Phillips of slavery apologetics, and Alfred Thayer Mahan of sea-power celebration, looked to environmentalism as the chief explanation of the American past, they may have oversimplified—indeed, they did oversimplify—but their sheer preoccupation with the question gives its own warnings against a filio-pietism which chooses to see an Irish ethnic character resolutely asserting itself to the third, fourth, and even later generations.

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Yu, Bin, Hai Lin, and Nicholas Soulard. "A Comparison of North American Surface Temperature and Temperature Extreme Anomalies in Association with Various Atmospheric Teleconnection Patterns." Atmosphere 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10040172.

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The atmospheric teleconnection pattern reflects large-scale variations in the atmospheric wave and jet stream, and has pronounced impacts on climate mean and extremes over various regions. This study compares those patterns that have significant circulation anomalies over the North Pacific–North American–North Atlantic sector, which directly influence surface temperature and temperature extremes over North America. We analyze the pattern associated anomalies of surface temperature and warm and cold extremes over North America, during the northern winter and summer seasons. In particular, we assess the robustness of the regional temperature and temperature extreme anomaly patterns by evaluating the field significance of these anomalies over North America, and quantify the percentages of North American temperature and temperature extreme variances explained by these patterns. The surface temperature anomalies in association with the Pacific–North American pattern (PNA), Tropical–Northern Hemisphere pattern (TNH), North Pacific pattern (NP), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Arctic Oscillation (AO), Western Pacific pattern (WP), circumglobal teleconnection (CGT), and Asian–Bering–North American (ABNA) patterns are similar to those reported in previous studies based on various datasets, indicating the robustness of the results. During winter, the temperature anomaly patterns considered are field significant at the 5% level over North America, except the WP-related one. These pattern associated anomalies explained about 5–15% of the total interannual temperature variance over North America, with relatively high percentages for the ABNA and PNA patterns, and low for the WP pattern. The pattern associated warm and cold extreme anomalies resemble the corresponding surface mean temperature anomaly patterns, with differences mainly in magnitude of the anomalies. Most of the anomalous extreme patterns are field significant at the 5% level, except the WP-related patterns. These extreme anomalies explain about 5–20% of the total interannual variance over North America. During summer, the pattern-related circulation and surface temperature anomalies are weaker than those in winter. Nevertheless, all of the pattern associated temperature anomalies are of field significance at the 5% level over North America, except the PNA-related one, and explain about 5–10% of the interannual variance. In addition, the temperature extreme anomalies, in association with the circulation patterns, are comparable in summer and winter. Over North America, the NP-, WP-, ABNA-, and CGT-associated anomalies of warm extremes are field significant at the 5% level and explain about 5–15% of the interannual variance. Most of the pattern associated cold extreme anomalies are field significant at the 5% level, except the PNA and NAO related anomalies, and also explain about 5–15% of the interannual variance over North America.

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Taylor, Alan. "Colonial North America." History Compass 1, no. 1 (January 2003): **. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1478-0542.010.

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Beyer, D. "60 NORTH AMERICA." Radiotherapy and Oncology 103 (May 2012): S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72027-3.

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Browes, Pauline. "(4) North America." Marine Policy 16, no. 1 (January 1992): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-597x(92)90058-w.

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Benjamin, Michele. "North America revisited." Learned Publishing 8, no. 1 (January 1995): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/leap/80009.

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40

Schuyler, Alfred E. "Flora of North America: North of Mexico. Flora of North America Editorial Committee." Quarterly Review of Biology 76, no. 2 (June 2001): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/393926.

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Juster, Susan, and Russell E. Richey. "Early American Methodism. Religion in North America." Journal of Southern History 59, no. 2 (May 1993): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209792.

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Frailey, Carl David, and Kenneth E. Campbell. "Two new genera of peccaries (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Tayassuidae) from upper Miocene deposits of the Amazon Basin." Journal of Paleontology 86, no. 5 (September 2012): 852–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12-012.1.

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Two new, extinct taxa of peccaries from upper Miocene deposits of the western Amazon Basin provide the first data documenting the presence of these North American mammals in South America in the Miocene. One, Sylvochoerus woodburnei n. gen. n. sp., is allied morphologically to Tayassu pecari, whereas the second, Waldochoerus bassleri n. gen. n. sp., is more similar to Pecari tajacu. Both new taxa reflect an intermediate position between middle Miocene peccaries and modern Tayassu and Pecari. The specimens reported here were unstudied, but when collected they were referred to living species of Tayassu and Pecari based on their general similarity to species of those two living genera, and they were dated to the Pleistocene, presumably based on a long–standing model of the Great American Faunal Interchange. The presence of peccaries in South America at approximately the same time that South American ground sloths began appearing in upper Miocene deposits of North America, and soon after the appearance of gomphotheres in South America, indicates that dispersal between the Americas was earlier and involved more taxa than previously interpreted. Molecular divergence data are consistent, in part, with a late Miocene dispersal of peccaries to South America.

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Burdick, Brent H. "The Status of the Church in North America." Review & Expositor 115, no. 2 (May 2018): 200–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637318771354.

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The number of Christians in American churches is declining rapidly, and the number of people in America who claim no faith is increasing. This article examines the current context and the challenges that the American Church faces, which include cultural influences, generational replacement, non-adaptive leadership, discipleship, training, and the loss of mission within the American Church. Despite the loss of numbers, the American Church still wields significant global influence owing to its missionary sending and exporting of media, marketing, and technological influence. The global Church follows the leadership of the American Church, for good or ill. Aspects of the Church that are exported, however, often reflect American cultural values rather than traditionally held biblical ideals. Understanding the dynamics, issues, peculiarities, flaws, and successes of the Church in America is therefore imperative if negative trends are ever able to be stemmed in the American Church, and if the American Church hopes to continue contributing significantly to global Christianity. The Church in North America has many expressions, and is extremely varied. Thousands of denominations have been formed over the years, reflecting every theological persuasion, episcopal and leadership structure, worship style, ethnic identity, and geographic area. This article explores the context in which the American Church functions, examines some of the factors and trends affecting the Church in America, discusses why there is reason for hope, and suggests some ways for the Church to move forward in uncertain times.

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Buschman, Lawrent L. "North American missionaries developed a North American-style school to prepare their children for life back in North America." Missiology: An International Review 47, no. 4 (October 2019): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091829619858600.

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In her article “Sacred children and colonial subsidies” Anicka Fast suggests that the missionaries of the American Mennonite Brethren Mission developed a school for their children in order to separate the missionary children from the Congolese children. That is an unfortunate misinterpretation of the historical situation. The missionary children were always intimately associated with Congolese children on the mission stations. The missionary children’s school was developed to train the missionary children so they could return to North America, where they were legally expected to return and live. They were not immigrants in the Congo. They needed a “North American-style education” so they would have a reasonable chance of success when they returned to North America. The school itself eventually was moved to Kinshasa where it developed into the American School of Kinshasa, which serves a wide spectrum of black and white children from around the world. The matter of colonial subsidies was only tangentially related to the development of the school.

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"The Americas: North America." Itinerario 9, no. 3-4 (November 1985): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300007270.

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Agwamba, Kennedy D., and Michael W. Nachman. "The demographic history of house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) in eastern North America." G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, December 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac332.

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Abstract:

Abstract The Western European house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) is a widespread human commensal that has recently been introduced to North America. Its introduction to the Americas is thought to have resulted from the transatlantic movements of Europeans that began in the early 16th century. To examine the details of this colonization history, we examine population structure, explore relevant demographic models, and infer the timing of divergence among house mouse populations in the eastern United States using published exome sequences from five North American populations and two European populations. For North American populations of house mice, levels of nucleotide variation were lower, and low-frequency alleles were less common, than for European populations. These patterns provide evidence of a mild bottleneck associated with the movement of house mice into North America. Several analyses revealed that one North American population is genetically admixed, which indicates at least two source populations from Europe were independently introduced to eastern North America. Estimated divergence times between North American and German populations ranged between ∼1,000–7,000 years ago and overlapped with the estimated divergence time between populations from Germany and France. Demographic models comparing different North American populations revealed that these populations diverged from each other mostly within the last 500 years, consistent with the timing of the arrival of Western European settlers to North America. Together, these results support a recent introduction of Western European house mice to eastern North America, highlighting the effects of human migration and colonization on the spread of an invasive human commensal.

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"North America." Agricultural History 86, no. 4 (September 1, 2012): 258–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3098/ah.2012.86.4.258.

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"North America." Agricultural History 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3098/ah.2013.87.1.115.

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"North America." Agricultural History 87, no. 4 (September 1, 2013): 534–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3098/ah.2013.87.4.534.

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"North America." Strategic Survey 121, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 81–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/04597230.2021.1984114.

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