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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'North America'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Taylor, Alan Creston. "Paper nation: American literature and the surveying of North America." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12649.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
This dissertation studies the largely unexamined role of land surveying in the emergence and growth of the United States and its literature. In the Introduction I argue that surveying was an indispensable technology of American expansion that provided the means through which new territories were incorporated and assimilated within the burgeoning nation. The national survey further created a vast archive of images and descriptions that diffused into the furthest reaches of American thought, social life, and representational practice, forming a powerful conceptual framework for "viewing" and imagining the nation and its seemingly inevitable future. American fiction during this period both served and resisted the survey's ideological program by providing-and also refuting-narratives of place, identity, and sovereignty necessary to authorize control of the western lands. Chapter One argues that Charles Brockden Brown's Edgar Huntly (1799) dramatizes the largely forgotten history of the nation's first territorial expansion into the Northwest Territory during the 1780s, illustrating how the United States used the promise of private property in land to bring an end to frontier violence and impose fundamental changes in frontier social relations that ultimately led to US control of the region. Chapter Two focuses on Helen Hunt Jackson's Ramona (1884) which depicts the role of the national survey in the reterritorialization of Alta California after 1848. The basic difficulty that plagued this contact zone involved the incorporation of a mosaic of spaces shaped by Spanish, Mexican, and Indian cultural practice and tradition into the social, legal, and economic structures of the United States-a process that might be described as the survey's "translation" of the idiomatic and informal spaces of Alta California into the uniform landscape of the nation. Chapter Three considers Louise Erdrich's Tracks (1988) and the instrumental role of the survey in a misguided national effort during the 1870s to "civilize" native peoples by introducing them to private property. Tracks exposes how the attempt to assimilate native peoples to the cultural and economic structures of the white communities surrounding them was accomplished through a profound, and destructive, revision of native space-the surveying of collectively held Indian lands into privately held allotments.

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2

Wood, Abigail Charlotte. "Yiddish song in contemporary North America." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616147.

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3

Arnaldo, Vicente A. "A newcomer assimilation process for Filipino-American churches in North America." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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4

Ingham, John Bernard. "The role of British North America in Anglo-American relations, 1848-1854." Thesis, Durham University, 1990. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6196/.

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This study analyses the impact on mid-nineteenth-century Anglo-American relations of British North America. It argues that successive British governments worked to retain the strategically-important colonies, despite the often exaggerated influence of Little Englandism. It also stresses the overwhelming loyalty of the colonists, despite aberrations like Canada's 1849 Annexation Crisis. It points to two annexation crises - in 1848 and 1849. During the former, Anglo-American relations suffered as the colonists braced themselves for a popular American invasion. In the 1849 crisis, unknown to the British, the American government briefly considered annexing Canada. When this opportunity vanished, Washington willingly prolonged the crisis in order to weaken Britain during negotiations over Central America. The Fishery Dispute of 1852-1854 found Britain practising pressure politics. London used years of tension between American and colonial fishermen as a pretext for a show of naval strength off North America during negotiations with the United States over Cuba and Central America. The Fishery Dispute also succeeded in forcing the Americans to take Reciprocity seriously. This study rejects traditional interpretations which claim that Lord Elgin's success in 1854 stemmed from his own brilliance and his ability to tell America's feuding sections different stories about the likely effect of Reciprocity. Instead it argues that Elgin succeeded in 1854 because of the work over several years by other diplomats. He also succeeded in 1854 because of a mutual desire for transatlantic calm due to America s domestic problems and Britain's involvement in the Crimean War. Though Elgin's ability oiled the wheels of success, he was also fortunate to arrive just as the ruling party in Washington put down its guard and celebrated the Kansas-Nebraska Compromise. The ratification of Reciprocity in British North America confirms that, despite granting self-government to the three main colonies, Britain put wider imperial interests before purely colonial interests. The thesis concludes that British North America, though nominally powerless and dependent on Britain, had a significant role in Anglo-American relations. The colonies pressured London and Washington by various tactics, while Mother Country and territorially rapacious republic frequently used the colonies as a weapon in their dealings with each other. This produced a diplomatic North Atlantic Triangle with each polity cynically trying to use the other two for its own ends.

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5

Doll, Peter Michael. "Imperial Anglicanism in North America 1745-1795." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332884.

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6

Anderson, David G. "Pathways to Power in Southeastern North America." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113425.

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When Spanish explorers first arrived in the region later known as the southeastern United States in the early 16th century, they encountered complex, chiefdom level societies in many areas. These societies, with populations commonly numbering in the thousands and occasionally tens of thousands, were characterized by hereditary inequality of individuals and groups, monumental architecture, elaborate ceremonialism, and were engaged in constant warfare with one another. While state societies like those present in western South America and Mesoamerica were not found in the Southeast, most scholars believe they would have eventually emerged within the region. Indeed, some believe that a state did emerge briefly at Cahokia in the central Mississippi Valley around ca. AD 1050. The contact era societies the early European explorers saw, however, represented only the final chapter in a long record dating back thousands of years. Seemingly complex societies characterized by formal cemeteries and elaborate ceremonialism were present in the region as far back as the terminal Pleistocene some 12.000 years ago, as represented by the Dalton culture of the central Mississippi Valley, while the construction of massive mound complexes of earth and shell appears in many areas in the later Mid-Holocene era, after ca. 7000 cal yr BP. Complex societies thus persisted for thousands of years in the Southeast, with hunting and gathering providing the means of subsistence for much of this interval. Agricultural food production only became important in the final two millennia before contact, long after complex societies were widely established.
A principios del siglo XVI, cuando los exploradores españoles llegaron por primera vez a la región más tarde conocida como el Sureste de los Estados Unidos, encontraron sociedades complejas correspondientes al ámbito de las jefaturas en muchas áreas. Este tipo de organizaciones, con poblaciones que alcanzaban los miles y, ocasionalmente, las decenas de miles de personas, se caracterizaban por una desigualdad hereditaria de individuos y grupos, arquitectura monumental, ceremonialismo elaborado y constantes guerras entre ellas. Si bien sociedades del tipo que existieron en la parte occidental de Sudamérica y en Mesoamérica no se han encontrado en el Sureste, diversos estudiosos piensan que, en algún momento, esto pudo haber ocurrido en la región. Ciertamente, se sostiene que, si bien de manera breve, en Cahokia, en el valle central del Mississippi, surgió un Estado alrededor de 1050 d.C. Sin embargo, esta época particular, en que las comunidades entablaban contacto y que vieron los exploradores europeos tempranos, representaba solo el capítulo final de un largo registro que retrocede miles de años en el tiempo. Al parecer, las sociedades complejas caracterizadas por cementerios formales y un elaborado ceremonialismo existían ya hacia fines del Pleistoceno, alrededor de 12.000 a.p., tal como lo representa la cultura Dalton, del valle central del Mississippi, mientras que la construcción de complejos de montículos masivos de tierra y conchas aparece en muchas áreas en la parte tardía del Holoceno Medio, hacia alrededor de 7000 A.P. De esta manera, las sociedades complejas persistieron por miles de años en el Sureste y, en gran parte de este intervalo, sus medios de subsistencia fueron la caza y la recolección. La producción agrícola de alimentos solo cobró importancia en los dos últimos milenios antes del contacto con los europeos, mucho después de que este tipo de agrupaciones estuvieran ampliamente establecidas.

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7

Holland, Dwight Allen. "Tidal gravity anomalies in southeastern North America." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53101.

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Tidal variations of gravity were measured at fourteen sites in southeastern North America for periods of between 40 and 199 days. These measurements were used to obtain tidal gravity anomalies that indicate the geologic effect of the earth on tidal gravity. The tidal gravity anomaly is a vector quantity representing the difference between measured tidal gravity and the theoretical tidal gravity on a spherically symmetrical earth model subject to ocean tidal loading. The real part of the anomaly vectors include 8 values in the range of ±0.5 microgals, 4 values in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 microgals, 1 value of 1.5 to 2.5 microgals, and 1 other value in the range of -0.5 to -1.5 microgals, This grouping is consistent with a worldwide distribution of values from regions where the asthenosphere is at intermediate depth, the stress conditions are not excessive, and geothermal heat flow is approximately 60 mW/m².
Master of Science

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8

Truncer, James. "Steatite vessel manufacture in Eastern North America /." Oxford, England : Archaeopress, 2004. http://books.google.com/books?id=NSVmAAAAMAAJ.

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9

Truncer, James Joseph. "Steatite vessel manufacture in Eastern North America /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6569.

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10

TEAGUE, GEORGE ALLEN. "THE ARCHEOLOGY OF INDUSTRY IN NORTH AMERICA." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184168.

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It is argued that the physical remains of industry are valuable repositories of information about a crucial phase in the development of modern society, and that there are uniquely archeological lines of inquiry useful in retrieving this information. Two schools of archeology are involved in the study of past industry. One is industrial archeology, which focuses on monuments and technology; the other is historical archeology, which is more closely aligned with the social sciences. The historical development of both approaches is examined to determine what makes them different from, or similar to, one another. Studies of common industrial site types, including potteries, glassworks, iron works, mines, and communities, are reviewed, and research themes and traditions are extracted and analyzed. The essential character of industrial sites is delineated, with particular attention to questions of time, scale, and site content. The industrial site and the practice of industrial archeology are redefined. Appropriate and effective data collection techniques are suggested, key research questions are proposed, and criteria for assessing site significance are examined.

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11

Passic, Laura Elizabeth. "The Drug Trade in Early North America." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626561.

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12

Freeze, Rixa Ann Spencer. "Born free: unassisted childbirth In North America." Diss., University of Iowa, 2008. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/202.

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Unassisted childbirth--giving birth at home without a midwife or physician present--emerged as a movement in mid-20th century North America. While only a small number of women choose to give birth unassisted, its significance extends far beyond its numbers. Unassisted birth illuminates trends in maternity care practices that drive, and sometimes force, women to choose unassisted birth. It also is part of a larger set of connected values and lifestyle choices, including home schooling, breastfeeding, co-sleeping, ecological awareness, cloth diapering, sustainable living, and alternative medicine. Finally, the emergence of UC as a conscious birth choice requires a re-examination of how we understand, frame, and interpret childbirth paradigms. There is very little written about unassisted birth in the academic world, although media reports on the practice have become increasingly prevalent since 2007. This dissertation begins the conversation for a scholarly inquiry into unassisted birth. My research is based primarily on interviews, essay-response surveys, and archives of internet discussion groups. After setting unassisted birth in historical context, I explain why women make this choice; the knowledge sources they privilege; how they understand the concepts of safety, risk, and responsibility, and their complex and sometimes contradictory relationship with midwifery. I also examine midwifery, and to a smaller degree, obstetrical, perspectives on unassisted birth, focusing on how birth attendants who are sympathetic to UC reconcile that with their training and experience attending births. Unassisted birth has changed the core questions we need to ask about birth. Instead of home or hospital?, natural or epidural?, or midwife or obstetrician?, questions asked by existing models of childbirth, unassisted birth poses a different set of core questions: Is birth disturbed or undisturbed? Is it social or intimate? managed or intuitive? attended or unattended?

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13

Eichstaedt, Donna March Wyman Mark. "Professional theories and popular beliefs about the Plains Indians and the horse with implications for teaching Native American history." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 1990. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9101110.

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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1990.
Title from title page screen, viewed November 3, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Mark Wyman (chair), Lawrence W. McBride, Charles Orser, L. Moody Simms, Lawrence Walker. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-268) and abstract. Also available in print.

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14

James, Susan Helen. ""Bedroom problems" : architecture, gender, and sexuality, 1945-63." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23699.

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Postwar North America saw a fundamental change in the function, layout, and location of the parents' bedroom and bathroom in the typical middle-class home. This thesis argues that the representations of bedrooms and bathrooms in house plans published by the Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), in bathroom advertisements which appeared in women's magazines, trade periodicals, and architectural journals, and, in the 1959 film Pillow Talk, point to women's increased power in the immediate postwar years and constitute a foreshadowing of the Women's Liberation Movement of the 1960s. By revisiting the domestic landscape of postwar North America, this thesis provides an account of women's changing role in postwar society and suggests that architecture played a part in this transformation.

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15

Loth, Christine. "The inherent right policy: a blending of old and new paradigm ideas." Ottawa, 1996.

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16

Kelton, Paul. "Not all disappeared : disease and southeastern Indian survival, 1500-1800 /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1998.

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17

Sawada, Michael Charles. "Late quaternary paleoclimates and biogeography of North America." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9031.

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Pollen, spores, and dinoflagellate cysts are used with the modern analog technique (MAT) to provide paleoclimate reconstructions for terrestrial and marine environments in northeastern North America. Multivariate analysis of marine and nearby terrestrial pollen sequences from Hudson Bay, Labrador and the St. Lawrence, differentiate tundra, boreal and deciduous forest assemblages in time and space. These three regions had differing climate histories with respect to deglaciation and air mass boundaries. Prior to 6000 14C yr BP, cooler temperatures reconstructed along the Labrador margins agree with climate simulations indicating a persistent anticyclone over the Quebec-Labrador ice sheet. A late Holocene cooling at forest-tundra sites suggests a recent southern movement in the mean position of the polar front. The degree to which those critical thresholds of dissimilarity, that are used to identify non-analog pollen assemblages, are due to limitations of the modern pollen database or critical decisions within the MAT are explored by means of stochastic simulation, spatial statistics and graphical techniques. Critical thresholds of SQD, as derived by the expected value under randomization, become greater as the number of taxa in the pollen set increases. Larger pollen sets, with continentally infrequent but regionally abundant taxa, better distinguish between continental vegetation zones. Global and local spatial autocorrelation within climate anomalies indicate where the modern sample network induces biases in the climate reconstruction using the MAT. The spatial scale of terrestrial climate or vegetation reconstructions from pollen in lake-sediments is investigated through the study of pollen source area in southern Quebec. Despite the different regional vegetation, estimated pollen source areas and relevant pollen productivity for Pinus, Picea, Abies, Fagus, Quercus and Tsuga are consistent with studies from Michigan, Wisconsin and Sweden. These estimates are robust with respect to various plant abundance distance-weighting schemes and imply that the same inferences can be made regarding plant abundance from pollen throughout a lake-derived fossil pollen sequence. Stochastic simulations illustrate that the definition of relevant pollen source area requires consistent within-site vegetation heterogeneity within a network of pollen sites. Underutilized proxy-climate data from wetland taxa are demonstrated to contain climate signals at the continental scale and have the potential to further our climatic and biogeographic picture of North America over the past 21,000 years. Pollen and spores from modern wetland taxa conform to their geographic ranges and allow interpretations of their past range changes. The climatic tolerances that govern their geographic distributions are used to interpret past range changes in climatic terns. Sphagnum spore distributions suggest major peatland developments after 9 ka and 5 ka. Sphagnum, Potamogeton, Isoetes, Myriophyllum Typha/Sparganium, and Menyanthes trifoliata were in Alaska during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and moved into the ice-free corridor by 13 ka. Since the LGM, four migration routes for aquatic taxa are identified in response to the climate changes of the late Quaternary.

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18

Munoz, Samuel E. "Prehistoric Human-Environment Interaction in Eastern North America." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28665.

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Industrialized human societies both affect and are vulnerable to environmental change, but the dynamics of human-environment relationships during prehistory are less well understood. Using large databases of accumulated paleoecological and archaeological records, this dissertation explores the relationship between prehistoric humans and environmental change in eastern North America. A synthesis of late Quaternary paleoecological and archaeological data from the northeastern United States shows a close temporal correspondence between changes in climate, terrestrial ecosystems, human culture and population numbers. These synchronous changes occurred at 11.6, 8.2, 5.4 and 3.0 thousand years before present, before the adoption of maize agriculture when human groups in eastern North America subsisted by hunting and gathering. Further examination of these datasets in southern Ontario over the last two thousand years found that clearance of forests by prehistoric Native Americans for agricultural fields significantly altered terrestrial ecosystems at a sub-regional scale (102-10 3 m). Together, these results support the hypothesis that prehistoric Native Americans had a greater environmental impact than previously believed, but show that this impact was concentrated around agricultural settlements and was less substantial than that associated with European settlement during the historic period. The methodologies developed in this dissertation provide a means to better understand human-environment relationships in other regions which differ in their environmental and cultural histories.

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19

Baspaly, Dave. "Analysis of community mediation programs in North America." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ54546.pdf.

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20

Richards, Ricardo Lou. "The Realpolitik of 'free trade' in North America." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619961.

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21

Fink, Marisa F. "A descriptive study of letterboxing in North America." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1336619.

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This study sought to describe the emergent interaction system of letterboxing in North America. Letterboxing is a hobby that can trace its roots to treasure hunting and orienteering. A letterbox is a container holding a logbook and carved rubber stamp found by following clues. Participants use the stamp to make an imprint in their personal journal, and in turn, they record their personal stamp and a message in the letterbox's logbook. Letterboxing has been growing rapidly in North America since its start in 1998; currently 21,498 letterbox clues are listed on just one of the hobby's largest websites. I recruited 355 participants for this study through invitations on websites used by letterboxers. I conducted the research using a combination of descriptive qualitative methods and qualitative analysis of data from three open-ended questions gathered on an online survey instrument. I designed survey items to gather data that described the participants and their behaviors including demographics, participation activities, and communication activities. I then analyzed these data using frequencies, percentages, and cross tabulations. Participants in the study were predominantly white, female, under the age of 50 and educated. I used content analysis of survey data obtained through open-ended questions to identify impetus, motivation, and emergent behaviors. The impetus for participation varies from hearing about it from a friend or relative to publications and broadcasts. Others stumbled across letterboxing via Internet searches or by finding a letterbox in the woods unintentionally. The "thrill of the hunt," hiking, and a love of the outdoors are primary motivations for participation. Made possible by the interconnectivity of the Internet, an informal collective has emerged that embraces individual variants and claims it for its own in an online learning community. Community activities such as gatherings, web rings, talk lists, discussion boards, and postal letterboxing bring participants together, increase engagement, and build community around similar interests. Collaborative innovations, or emergent interactions of participants, create new forms of letterboxing and lead to experimentation, probing, learning, and enhancement of individual experience. A model of emergent interaction is presented in the conclusion section.
Department of Educational Studies

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22

Butler, David Stewart. "Warfare : a cultural component of native North America." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1997. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/162.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Anthropology

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23

Davies, Katherine Siân. "Early Palaeocene vegetation and climate of North America." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4e48bfd5-f749-4d84-a132-c45fd8429fdc.

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Early Palaeocene floras from twenty seven sites within the Raton, southern Powder River and south-western Williston Basins of the western interior of North America were collected, and their leaf physiognomy, ecological character and depositional setting compared. Such a spread of samples enabled the study of spatial and temporal vegetational and climatic variations in the region, following the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event. Climatic changes are observed across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Precipitation increased dramatically, and remained relatively high throughout the earliest Palaeocene. Temperatures were somewhat lower, compared to those of the Late Cretaceous, and seasonality in climate increased. Climatic and vegetation zones shifted southwards as latitudinal climatic equability decreased. Palaeotemperature and palaeoprecipitation were determined using CLAMP and leaf margin analysis. Experiments carried out to assess the robustness of CLAMP to loss of foliar physiognomic data revealed that this data loss did not drastically effect palaeoclimatic determinations but that information about leaf size and margin type had the most effect on results. Vegetation was of low diversity directly after the boundary event, but recovered to stable, but still relatively low levels, within a short time. Changes in diversity are difficult to interpret due to masking by taphonomic biases, which are important within the depositional environments analysed in this study. Climatic deterioration and the prevalence of disturbed environments ultimately facilitated expansion of the angiosperms, although their aspect was changed with a general increase in deciduous forms, in relation to increased seasonality and decreased equability. These trends cannot be related merely to the impact of a bolide at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, but reflect the more global and wide-ranging changes of the period, which were punctuated by this brief, deleterious event. Previous work has tended to concentrate on the North American continent but a more global perspective reveals that the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event was not a world-wide catastrophe within terrestrial environments.

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24

Farías, Pelcastre Iván. "The institutionalisation of regional integration in North America." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5413/.

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Current studies of regional integration in North America claim that this process is limited to the entering of intergovernmental agreements that aim to expand and enhance crossborder flows of goods and capitals between Mexico, Canada and the US. Such studies claim that the political effects of the process on nation-states are limited and constrained by the decisions of the national governments. In contrast, this thesis argues that the actions of transnational actors have increased the policy interdependence between the three countries in the arenas of environmental protection, labour cooperation and protection of foreign direct investment. Transnational actors have used, applied and interpreted the rules originally created by the intergovernmental agreements –NAFTA, NAAEC, BECA and NAALC– and have subsequently demanded additional and improved rules. Regional institutions have in turn responded to these demands by supplying new and improved regional rules. In doing so, transnational actors and regional institutions have furthered the policy interdependence between the three countries. This phenomenon, known in other contexts as institutionalisation, demonstrates that the process of regional integration in North America is more substantial than previous studies claim. In addition, it illustrates the relevance of the theories of Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Supranational Governance to the analysis of the emergence and development of the North American integration process.

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25

Smith, S. D. "British exports to continental North America, 1690-1776." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273126.

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26

Furtner, Genevieve. "Phylogeography of Highlands walleye in eastern North America." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1429887556.

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27

Davisson, David Michael. ""Smole trifeles" : the itinerant in British North America." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002393.

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28

Gonzales, Alfonso. "Anti-migrant hegemony in a transnational North America." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666130281&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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29

Reed, Aaron Wesley. "Granivory in the prairie of central North America /." Search for this dissertation online, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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30

Ault, Toby R. "THE CONTINUUM OF DROUGHT IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204333.

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The continuum of western North American hydroclimate during the last millennium is analyzed here using instrumental records, proxy data, and global climate model (GCM) simulations. We find that variance at long timescales (low frequencies) is generally more substantial than variance at short timescales (high frequencies). We find that local sources of autocorrelation (e.g., soil moisture storage) likely explain the tendency for variance to increase from monthly to interannual timescales, but that variance at longer timescales requires remote climate sources of variability. Our analysis of global climate model data indicates that at least one fully coupled GCM can reproduce the characteristics of the continuum on short (interannual) and long (multicentury) timescales, but that proxy spectra and GCM spectra disagree about the amount of variance present on intermediate (decadal to centennial) timescales. Since instrumental records, as well as multiple independent types of paleoclimate records, provide evidence that variance increases with timescale at these frequencies, and because numerical experiments indicate that local autocorrelation is not a likely source of variance at these timescales, we argue that climate model simulations underestimate the full range of low-frequency drought variability. Moreover, the models may also underestimate the risk of future megadroughts, which we attempt to quantify using a new method that combines frequency information from observational data with projections of 21st century hydroclimate. Our results indicate that the risk of a severe, decadal-scale drought during the coming century is at least 1-in-10 for most of the US Southwest, and may be as high as 1-in-3. These findings should be incorporated into adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with regional climate variability and climate change.

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31

Miller, Becky Akiko. "The Phylogeography of Prosopium in Western North America." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1002.

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The mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) has been largely overlooked in population genetic analyses despite its wide distribution in discrete drainage basins in western North America for over four million years. Its closest sister taxa the Bear Lake whitefish (P. abyssicola), Bonneville cisco (P. gemmifer), and Bonneville whitefish (P. spilonotus) are found only in Bear Lake Idaho-Utah and were also included in the analyses. A total of 1,334 cytochrome b and 1,371 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 sequences from the Bonneville Basin, the Columbia River Sub-basin, the lower Snake River Sub-basin, the upper Snake River Sub-basin, the Green River Basin, the Lahontan Basin, and the Missouri Basin were examined to test for geographically based genetic differentiation between drainage basins and sub-basins and phylogeographic relationships to determine the invasion route of Prosopium into western North America and to aid in understanding current relationships. Prosopium entered the region via the Missouri River connection to Hudson Bay and moved in two waves: one colonized the lower Snake River Sub-basin, Columbia River Sub-basin, and the Lahontan Basin; the second wave colonized the upper Snake River Sub-basin, Bonneville Basin, Green River Basin, and established the Bear Lake Prosopium. Mountain whitefish exhibit a large amount of geographical genetic differentiation based on drainage basin except between the upper Snake River and the Bonneville Basin while the Bear Lake Prosopium show large amounts of gene flow between the three species. The apparent paraphyly of the mountain whitefish and the limited genetic structure of the Bear Lake Prosopium warrant recognition in the management of Prosopium and raise questions regarding species definitions in the group.

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Bryant, Jody M. "Pursuing West: The Viking Expeditions of North America." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2508.

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The purpose to this thesis is to demonstrate the activity of the Viking presence, in North America. The research focuses on the use of stones, carved with runic inscriptions that have been discovered in Oklahoma, Maine, Rhode Island and Minnesota. The thesis discusses orthographic traits found in the inscriptions and gives evidence that links their primary use to fourteenth century Gotland. Also connecting the stones to Gotland, is the presence of an unusual rune dubbed the Hooked X. This single rune has been the center of controversy since it was first discovered in Minnesota, 1898. Since that time, it has been discovered in connection with two of the other North American Rune Stones, Christopher Columbus and the Cistercian -Templars of Gotland. As of this year (2015), more of the Hooked X symbology has been discovered in Templar churches in Scotland and Portugal.

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Boyd, Robert Duane. "North American evangelicals and the theology of religions : can the concept of general revelation help?" Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683226.

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Labat, Sean J. "The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America, 1927-1934 a case study in North American missions /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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35

Kalter, Susan Mary. "Keep these words until the stones melt : language, ecology, war and the written land in nineteenth century U.S.-Indian relations /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9949683.

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36

Calfee, David Kent. "Prevailing Winds: Radical Activism and the American Indian Movement." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0529102-122615/unrestricted/CalfeeD061302a.pdf.

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37

Witgen, Michael J. "An infinity of nations : how Indians, empires, and western migration shaped national identity in North America /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10402.

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38

Richardson, Michael John. "Factors limiting the colonization success of an introduced exotic fish (Carassius auratus)." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40235.

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The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a hardy exotic species that have established sporadically distributed feral populations throughout North America. In one shallow seasonally anoxic pond goldfish formed a large stunted population of 15-17,000 ind ha$ sp{-1}$, with 53% being small young of the year. Goldfish were predominantly benthic herbivores with little diet overlap with resident red-spotted newts (Notapthalmus v. viredescens). Thus in relatively simple systems lacking fish predators goldfish can be very successful. However in systems with a complex native fish community, goldfish have had less success in colonizing. This could be related to an inability of goldfish to cope with native predators.
Tests for assortative shoaling between brown and gold coloured morphs showed that gold coloured fish exhibited no colour based assortive shoaling, while brown fish showed slight but significant colour preferences for like-coloured fish. This level of shoaling preference did not improve after visual exposure or interaction with native predators, indicating that goldfish showed limited behaviourial responses to predators, and that they were unable to modify their response to a predation threat. Further trials allowing goldfish to interact with either pike (Esox lucius) or bass (Ambloplites rupestris), in both single species groups of predator-naive goldfish, and mixed species conditions of goldfish with predator-experience minnows, showed that goldfish did not alter their behaviour in the presence of minnows (Pimephales notatus) when the predators were not present. However, with the predators present goldfish altered their activities to a more minnow-like pattern and showed a significant improvement in anti-predator behaviour. This improved behaviour continued by goldfish when they were retested on their own, indicating that the goldfish were reacting to the predator and not the minnows. Goldfish colonization may therefore be limited not so much by predation or competition from native cyprinids, but more by the absence/presence of a suitable, native, predator-experienced fish from which to copy the appropriate anti-predator behaviours.

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39

Meece, Jamie S. "A reexamination of the adoption of the bow and arrow in the eastern woodlands." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1365518.

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This thesis reexamines the adoption of the bow and arrow in the Eastern Woodlands. Archaeologists have usually relied on the size and shape of projectile points to help them determine when the bow and arrow was adopted, since the other parts of this complex system (e.g., the wooden bows and arrow shafts) do not survive well in the Eastern Woodlands. The current belief is that the bow and arrow was introduced during the Late Woodland period (AD 500) in the Eastern Woodlands. This is based on the wide spread use of small stone projectile points and on their continued use up to European contact. However, this small point technology was actually established during the Late Archaic period (2000 BC). A wide range of evidence is presented in this thesis that shows that the bow and arrow may have been adopted during the Late Archaic period and was well established during the Middle Woodland period (AD 100) in several Eastern Woodland states.
Department of Anthropology

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40

Cunningham, James Everett. "Slahal : more than a game with a song /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11198.

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41

Steinman, Erich W. "Institutionalizing tribes as governments : skillful meaning entrepreneurship across political fields /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8925.

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42

Fischer, Stefanie Jane. "Human capital accumulation among Native Americans an empirical analysis of the national assessment of educational progress /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/fischer/FischerS0509.pdf.

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Native Americans have low levels of human capital accumulation. In 2005, only 21% scored at the proficient level on the NAEP math test compared with 37% of all other test takers. One cause of their low human capital accumulation may be factors that commonly explain low academic performance among other minority groups within the United States, such as school quality and family background. Alternatively, Native American students may perform low academically due to factors that are unique to this population such as living on Native land or the political institutions that govern them. This paper will empirically examine Native American students' human capital accumulation decisions. Using data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), I find Native American students residing on Native land score 1/4 of a standard deviation lower on the math assessment than Native American students living off Native land, with no other controls added. After controlling for other area characteristics, family background, peer effects and school resources, the effect of living on Native land is not statistically significant in explaining test scores. Family background and peer effects explain most of the variation in Native American students' human capital accumulation decision. Students who identify with the white peer group score 1/5 of a standard deviation higher than students who identify with the Native American peer group. Although legal institutions do not explain student test scores, they do appear to affect students' attendance. Students living in areas under tribal jurisdiction are 13% more likely to miss a week or more of school in a month, ceteris paribus.

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43

Boyd, Robert T. "The introduction of infectious diseases among the Indians of the Pacific Northwest, 1774-1874 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6418.

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44

Danielson, Dale Lee. "Comorbidity of substance abuse and other mental disorders among Native Americans /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1992. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9302429.

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45

Guillory, Justin Paul. "Diverse pathways of "giving back" to tribal community perceptions of Native American college graduates /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/j_guillory_042408.pdf.

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46

Silva, Rodrigo. "Free trade area of the Americas : the viability of a regional legal order." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33366.

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The creation of a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) by the year 2005 has been a serious undertaking in the hemisphere since the first Summit of the Americas held in Miami in December of 1994. This entails the creation of a free trade agreement that would include virtually all the nations of the Western Hemisphere. However, this is not the first attempt at the creation of trade agreements within the region. From early efforts such as the Latin American Free Trade Agreement to current ones such as the North American Free Trade Agreement and the MERCOSUR, there has been a push for the past 40 years at the use of free trade as a tool for economic development. Nevertheless, traditionally there has been a lack of legal and institutional analysis in the formation of these trading blocs. The same thing appears to be happening in the formation of the FTAA. This thesis analyzes and compares the differing trading blocs in the Western Hemisphere in terms of institutions and capacity to create regional norms and proposes the institutional framework needed for successful regional integration for the FTAA. It then looks at legal obstacles within the Constitutions of select States to the formation of this framework and problems that may arise in jurisdictional uncertainties between the plethora of trading blocs.

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Lavergne, Martin. "A review of the literature on co-occurring severe mental illness and substance misuse : epidemiology, terminology, etiology, treatment, and recovery." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78185.

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The complexity of information produced since the 1980's on co-occurring severe mental illness and substance misuse makes it difficult for social workers to grasp the current state of the question. This is a new field of study, and much of the information is incomplete or contradictory. This review examines epidemiological studies carried out in North America. We identify the varied semantic and philosophical approaches to the question of dual diagnoses, and provide an overview of etiological theories, as well as of the theory and practice of treatment for these disorders. Emergent concepts of recovery are also discussed.
Major findings. epidemiological data vary, but all point to a widespread problem. The diversity of meaning and of etiological theories appears to be linked to the heterogeneity of this population. An integrated treatment strategy is the current modality of choice, despite outcomes that are only mildly encouraging; finally, there is consensus among consumers that recovery from a disease is possible even in the absence of a complete cure.
Research limitations and knowledge gaps are to be expected in a new field of study. Additional research is necessary to determine the extent and causes of these comorbidities. Social workers must become knowledgeable in this field and remain abreast of new developments in order to engage in evidenced-based practice. Greater education about comorbidities is necessary, as is an overarching policy response from all levels of government. The principal contribution of this master's thesis to the discipline of social work is to provide a general synthesis of knowledge in a domain that is highly medicalized in the literature.

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Schulze, Jeffrey M. "Trans-nations Indians, imagined communities, and border realities in the twentieth century /." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3307178.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in History)--S.M.U.
Title from PDF title page (viewed Mar. 16, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-04, Section: A, page: 1514. Adviser: Sherry L. Smith. Includes bibliographical references.

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49

Kassl, Nancy E. "A community survey of the Native Americans living on or near a rural reservation." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998kassln.pdf.

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50

Linton, Sara Jane. "An examination of multicultural school counseling competencies utilized with Native American students." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002lintons.pdf.

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