Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nonmuscle Myosin IIs

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nonmuscle Myosin IIs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nonmuscle Myosin IIs"

1

Lee, Kyoung Hwan, Guidenn Sulbarán, Shixin Yang, Ji Young Mun, Lorenzo Alamo, Antonio Pinto, Osamu Sato, et al. "Interacting-heads motif has been conserved as a mechanism of myosin II inhibition since before the origin of animals." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 9 (February 14, 2018): E1991—E2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715247115.

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Electron microscope studies have shown that the switched-off state of myosin II in muscle involves intramolecular interaction between the two heads of myosin and between one head and the tail. The interaction, seen in both myosin filaments and isolated molecules, inhibits activity by blocking actin-binding and ATPase sites on myosin. This interacting-heads motif is highly conserved, occurring in invertebrates and vertebrates, in striated, smooth, and nonmuscle myosin IIs, and in myosins regulated by both Ca2+ binding and regulatory light-chain phosphorylation. Our goal was to determine how early this motif arose by studying the structure of inhibited myosin II molecules from primitive animals and from earlier, unicellular species that predate animals. Myosin II from Cnidaria (sea anemones, jellyfish), the most primitive animals with muscles, and Porifera (sponges), the most primitive of all animals (lacking muscle tissue) showed the same interacting-heads structure as myosins from higher animals, confirming the early origin of the motif. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum showed a similar, but modified, version of the motif, while the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii and fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) showed no head–head interaction, consistent with the different sequences and regulatory mechanisms of these myosins compared with animal myosin IIs. Our results suggest that head–head/head–tail interactions have been conserved, with slight modifications, as a mechanism for regulating myosin II activity from the emergence of the first animals and before. The early origins of these interactions highlight their importance in generating the inhibited (relaxed) state of myosin in muscle and nonmuscle cells.
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2

Wang, Aibing, Neil Billington, Robert S. Adelstein, and James R. Sellers. "Expression and Characterization of Full Length Nonmuscle Myosin IIs." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (February 2011): 594a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3425.

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Saha, Shekhar, Sumit K. Dey, Provas Das, and Siddhartha S. Jana. "Increased expression of nonmuscle myosin IIs is associated with 3MC-induced mouse tumor." FEBS Journal 278, no. 21 (September 19, 2011): 4025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08306.x.

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Liu, Xiong, Neil Billington, Shi Shu, Shu-Hua Yu, Grzegorz Piszczek, James R. Sellers, and Edward D. Korn. "Effect of ATP and regulatory light-chain phosphorylation on the polymerization of mammalian nonmuscle myosin II." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 32 (July 24, 2017): E6516—E6525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702375114.

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Addition of 1 mM ATP substantially reduces the light scattering of solutions of polymerized unphosphorylated nonmuscle myosin IIs (NM2s), and this is reversed by phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain (RLC). It has been proposed that these changes result from substantial depolymerization of unphosphorylated NM2 filaments to monomers upon addition of ATP, and filament repolymerization upon RLC-phosphorylation. We now show that the differences in myosin monomer concentration of RLC-unphosphorylated and -phosphorylated recombinant mammalian NM2A, NM2B, and NM2C polymerized in the presence of ATP are much too small to explain their substantial differences in light scattering. Rather, we find that the decrease in light scattering upon addition of ATP to polymerized unphosphorylated NM2s correlates with the formation of dimers, tetramers, and hexamers, in addition to monomers, an increase in length, and decrease in width of the bare zones of RLC-unphosphorylated filaments. Both effects of ATP addition are reversed by phosphorylation of the RLC. Our data also suggest that, contrary to previous models, assembly of RLC-phosphorylated NM2s at physiological ionic strength proceeds from folded monomers to folded antiparallel dimers, tetramers, and hexamers that unfold and polymerize into antiparallel filaments. This model could explain the dynamic relocalization of NM2 filaments in vivo by dephosphorylation of RLC-phosphorylated filaments, disassembly of the dephosphorylated filaments to folded monomers, dimers, and small oligomers, followed by diffusion of these species, and reassembly of filaments at the new location following rephosphorylation of the RLC.
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5

Arii, Jun, Yoshitaka Hirohata, Akihisa Kato, and Yasushi Kawaguchi. "Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIB Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry." Journal of Virology 89, no. 3 (November 26, 2014): 1879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03079-14.

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ABSTRACTNonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA) has been reported to function as a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) entry coreceptor by interacting with viral envelope glycoprotein B (gB). Vertebrates have three genetically distinct isoforms of the NMHC-II, designated NMHC-IIA, NMHC-IIB, and NMHC-IIC. COS cells, which are readily infected by HSV-1, do not express NMHC-IIA but do express NMHC-IIB. This observation prompted us to investigate whether NMHC-IIB might associate with HSV-1 gB and be involved in an HSV-1 entry like NMHC-IIA. In these studies, we show that (i) NMHC-IIB coprecipitated with gB in COS-1 cells upon HSV-1 entry; (ii) a specific inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase inhibited cell surface expression of NMHC-IIB in COS-1 cells upon HSV-1 entry as well as HSV-1 infection, as reported with NMHC-IIA; (iii) overexpression of mouse NMHC-IIB in IC21 cells significantly increased their susceptibility to HSV-1 infection; and (iv) knockdown of NMHC-IIB in COS-1 cells inhibited HSV-1 infection as well as cell-cell fusion mediated by HSV-1 envelope glycoproteins. These results supported the hypothesis that, like NMHC-IIA, NMHC-IIB associated with HSV-1 gB and mediated HSV-1 entry.IMPORTANCEHerpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) was reported to utilize nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (NMHC-IIA) as an entry coreceptor associating with gB. Vertebrates have three genetically distinct isoforms of NMHC-II. In these isoforms, NMHC-IIB is of special interest since it highly expresses in neuronal tissue, one of the most important cellular targets of HSV-1in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that the ability to mediate HSV-1 entry appeared to be conserved in NMHC-II isoforms. These results may provide an insight into the mechanism by which HSV-1 infects a wide variety of cell typesin vivo.
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6

Simerly, Calvin, Grzegorz Nowak, Primal de Lanerolle, and Gerald Schatten. "Differential Expression and Functions of Cortical Myosin IIA and IIB Isotypes during Meiotic Maturation, Fertilization, and Mitosis in Mouse Oocytes and Embryos." Molecular Biology of the Cell 9, no. 9 (September 1998): 2509–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.9.9.2509.

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To explore the role of nonmuscle myosin II isoforms during mouse gametogenesis, fertilization, and early development, localization and microinjection studies were performed using monospecific antibodies to myosin IIA and IIB isotypes. Each myosin II antibody recognizes a 205-kDa protein in oocytes, but not mature sperm. Myosin IIA and IIB demonstrate differential expression during meiotic maturation and following fertilization: only the IIA isoform detects metaphase spindles or accumulates in the mitotic cleavage furrow. In the unfertilized oocyte, both myosin isoforms are polarized in the cortex directly overlying the metaphase-arrested second meiotic spindle. Cortical polarization is altered after spindle disassembly with Colcemid: the scattered meiotic chromosomes initiate myosin IIA and microfilament assemble in the vicinity of each chromosome mass. During sperm incorporation, both myosin II isotypes concentrate in the second polar body cleavage furrow and the sperm incorporation cone. In functional experiments, the microinjection of myosin IIA antibody disrupts meiotic maturation to metaphase II arrest, probably through depletion of spindle-associated myosin IIA protein and antibody binding to chromosome surfaces. Conversely, the microinjection of myosin IIB antibody blocks microfilament-directed chromosome scattering in Colcemid-treated mature oocytes, suggesting a role in mediating chromosome–cortical actomyosin interactions. Neither myosin II antibody, alone or coinjected, blocks second polar body formation, in vitro fertilization, or cytokinesis. Finally, microinjection of a nonphosphorylatable 20-kDa regulatory myosin light chain specifically blocks sperm incorporation cone disassembly and impedes cell cycle progression, suggesting that interference with myosin II phosphorylation influences fertilization. Thus, conventional myosins break cortical symmetry in oocytes by participating in eccentric meiotic spindle positioning, sperm incorporation cone dynamics, and cytokinesis. Although murine sperm do not express myosin II, different myosin II isotypes may have distinct roles during early embryonic development.
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7

Dey, Sumit K., Raman K. Singh, Shyamtanu Chattoraj, Shekhar Saha, Alakesh Das, Kankan Bhattacharyya, Kaushik Sengupta, Shamik Sen, and Siddhartha S. Jana. "Differential role of nonmuscle myosin II isoforms during blebbing of MCF-7 cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 8 (April 15, 2017): 1034–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-07-0524.

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Bleb formation has been correlated with nonmuscle myosin II (NM-II) activity. Whether three isoforms of NM-II (NM-IIA, -IIB and -IIC) have the same or differential roles in bleb formation is not well understood. Here we report that ectopically expressed, GFP-tagged NM-II isoforms exhibit different types of membrane protrusions, such as multiple blebs, lamellipodia, combinations of both, or absence of any such protrusions in MCF-7 cells. Quantification suggests that 50% of NM-IIA-GFP–, 29% of NM-IIB-GFP–, and 19% of NM-IIC1-GFP–expressing MCF-7 cells show multiple bleb formation, compared with 36% of cells expressing GFP alone. Of interest, NM-IIB has an almost 50% lower rate of dissociation from actin filament than NM-IIA and –IIC1 as determined by FRET analysis both at cell and bleb cortices. We induced bleb formation by disruption of the cortex and found that all three NM-II-GFP isoforms can reappear and form filaments but to different degrees in the growing bleb. NM-IIB-GFP can form filaments in blebs in 41% of NM-IIB-GFP–expressing cells, whereas filaments form in only 12 and 3% of cells expressing NM-IIA-GFP and NM-IIC1-GFP, respectively. These studies suggest that NM-II isoforms have differential roles in the bleb life cycle.
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8

O'Hara, Steven P., Gabriella B. Gajdos, Christy E. Trussoni, Patrick L. Splinter, and Nicholas F. LaRusso. "Cholangiocyte Myosin IIB Is Required for Localized Aggregation of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 1 to Sites of Cryptosporidium parvum Cellular Invasion and Facilitates Parasite Internalization." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 7 (May 10, 2010): 2927–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00077-10.

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ABSTRACT Internalization of the obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum, results in the formation of a unique intramembranous yet extracytoplasmic niche on the apical surfaces of host epithelial cells, a process that depends on host cell membrane extension. We previously demonstrated that efficient C. parvum invasion of biliary epithelial cells (cholangiocytes) requires host cell actin polymerization and localized membrane translocation/insertion of Na+/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and of aquaporin 1 (Aqp1), a water channel, at the attachment site. The resultant localized water influx facilitates parasite cellular invasion by promoting host-cell membrane protrusion. However, the molecular mechanisms by which C. parvum induces membrane translocation/insertion of SGLT1/Aqp1 are obscure. We report here that cultured human cholangiocytes express several nonmuscle myosins, including myosins IIA and IIB. Moreover, C. parvum infection of cultured cholangiocytes results in the localized selective aggregation of myosin IIB but not myosin IIA at the region of parasite attachment, as assessed by dual-label immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Concordantly, treatment of cells with the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor ML-7 or the myosin II-specific inhibitor blebbistatin or selective RNA-mediated repression of myosin IIB significantly inhibits (P < 0.05) C. parvum cellular invasion (by 60 to 80%). Furthermore ML-7 and blebbistatin significantly decrease (P < 0.02) C. parvum-induced accumulation of SGLT1 at infection sites (by approximately 80%). Thus, localized actomyosin-dependent membrane translocation of transporters/channels initiated by C. parvum is essential for membrane extension and parasite internalization, a phenomenon that may also be relevant to the mechanisms of cell membrane protrusion in general.
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9

Togo, Tatsuru, and Richard A. Steinhardt. "Nonmuscle Myosin IIA and IIB Have Distinct Functions in the Exocytosis-dependent Process of Cell Membrane Repair." Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, no. 2 (February 2004): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-06-0430.

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Vesicle generation, recruitment, and exocytosis are essential for repairing disruptions of cell membranes. The functions of nonmuscle myosin IIA and IIB in this exocytotic process of membrane repair were studied by the antisense technique. Knockdown of myosin IIB suppressed wound-induced exocytosis and the membrane resealing process. Knockdown of myosin IIA did not suppress exocytosis at an initial wound and had no inhibitory effect on the resealing at initial wounds but did inhibit the facilitated rate of resealing normally found at repeated wounds made at the same site. COS-7 cells, which lack myosin IIA, did not show the facilitated response of membrane resealing to a repeated wound. S91 melanoma cells, a mutant cell line lacking myosin Va, showed normal membrane resealing and normal facilitated responses. We concluded that myosin IIB was required for exocytosis and therefore cell membrane repair itself and that myosin IIA was required in facilitation of cell membrane repair at repeated wounds. Myosin IIB was primarily at the subplasmalemma cortex and myosin IIA was concentrated at the trans-Golgi network consistent with their distinct roles in vesicle trafficking in cell membrane repair.
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10

Kolega, John. "Asymmetric Distribution of Myosin IIB in Migrating Endothelial Cells Is Regulated by a rho-dependent Kinase and Contributes to Tail Retraction." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 12 (December 2003): 4745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-04-0205.

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All vertebrates contain two nonmuscle myosin II heavy chains, A and B, which differ in tissue expression and subcellular distributions. To understand how these distinct distributions are controlled and what role they play in cell migration, myosin IIA and IIB were examined during wound healing by bovine aortic endothelial cells. Immunofluorescence showed that myosin IIA skewed toward the front of migrating cells, coincident with actin assembly at the leading edge, whereas myosin IIB accumulated in the rear 15–30 min later. Inhibition of myosin light-chain kinase, protein kinases A, C, and G, tyrosine kinase, MAP kinase, and PIP3 kinase did not affect this asymmetric redistribution of myosin isoforms. However, posterior accumulation of myosin IIB, but not anterior distribution of myosin IIA, was inhibited by dominant-negative rhoA and by the rho-kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, which also inhibited myosin light-chain phosphorylation. This inhibition was overcome by transfecting cells with constitutively active myosin light-chain kinase. These observations indicate that asymmetry of myosin IIB, but not IIA, is regulated by light-chain phosphorylation mediated by rho-dependent kinase. Blocking this pathway inhibited tail constriction and retraction, but did not affect protrusion, suggesting that myosin IIB functions in pulling the rear of the cell forward.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nonmuscle Myosin IIs"

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Zhu, Jing. "The role of nonmuscle myosin IIA in endothelial cell." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11006.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2010.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 37 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-37).
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Addisu, Anteneh. "Natriuretic peptides as a humoral link between the heart and the gastrointestinal system." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002406.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nonmuscle Myosin IIs"

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Feghhi, Shirin, and Nathan J. Sniadecki. "The Role of Nonmuscle Myosin IIA Regulation in Platelet Forces Using Microposts and Multiphysics Modeling." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53905.

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A multi-physics model has been developed that closely matches with the biochemical regulation of platelet forces. The model is based on measurements of platelet forces using arrays of microposts. Different concentrations of thrombin or myosin inhibitors were added to the platelets to reduce their forces on the posts. The platelet forces obtained from the model have good agreement with those measured in the inhibition studies.
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