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Academic literature on the topic 'Nonlinear optical microscopies'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nonlinear optical microscopies"

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Li, Rui, Yajun Zhang, Xuefeng Xu, Yi Zhou, Maodu Chen, and Mengtao Sun. "Optical characterizations of two-dimensional materials using nonlinear optical microscopies of CARS, TPEF, and SHG." Nanophotonics 7, no. 5 (May 24, 2018): 873–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0002.

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AbstractIn this paper, we employ the nonlinear optical microscopies of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy, two-photon excitation fluorescence, and second harmonic generation to characterize the properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. With these nonlinear optical microscopy methods, we can not only clearly observe the surface topography of 2D materials but also reveal the quality of 2D materials. These nonlinear optical microscopies offer great potential for characterization of the properties of 2D materials.
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Kang, Dawei, Rui Li, Shuo Cao, and Mengtao Sun. "Nonlinear optical microscopies: physical principle and applications." Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 56, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2020.1728295.

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Devadas, Mary Sajini, Tuphan Devkota, Paul Johns, Zhongming Li, Shun Shang Lo, Kuai Yu, Libai Huang, and Gregory V. Hartland. "Imaging nano-objects by linear and nonlinear optical absorption microscopies." Nanotechnology 26, no. 35 (August 12, 2015): 354001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/26/35/354001.

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Mi, Xiaohu, Yuyang Wang, Rui Li, Mengtao Sun, Zhenglong Zhang, and Hairong Zheng. "Multiple surface plasmon resonances enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy." Nanophotonics 8, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0231.

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AbstractThe nonlinear optical microscopies of coherent two-photon excited fluorescence and anti-Stokes Raman scattering are strongly enhanced by multiple surface plasmon resonances (MSPRs). The Au@Ag nanorods presented strong MSPRs peaks at 800 and 400 nm, and can enhance nonlinear optical microscopy at fundamental and double frequencies, respectively. A two-dimensional (2D) material of g-C3N4 is employed to study the plasmon-enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy by the femtosecond laser. The electric analysis reveals that the MSPRs of the Au@Ag nanorod can significantly enhance the signals of two-photon excited fluorescence and anti-Stokes Raman scattering by up to the orders of 104 and 1016, respectively. The results demonstrate the great advantages of plasmon-enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy for the optical analysis on 2D materials, thus providing a new adventure for increasing the optical resolutions of nonlinear optical microscopy.
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Miyauchi, Yoshihiro, Haruyuki Sano, and Goro Mizutani. "Solid State Surfaces and Plants Observed by Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Microscopies." Journal of Surface Analysis 15, no. 1 (2008): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1384/jsa.15.2.

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Ma, Jialin, and Mengtao Sun. "Nonlinear optical microscopies (NOMs) and plasmon-enhanced NOMs for biology and 2D materials." Nanophotonics 9, no. 6 (April 10, 2020): 1341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0082.

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AbstractIn this review, we focus on the summary of nonlinear optical microscopies (NOMs), which are stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second harmonic generation (SHG), and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF). The introduction is divided into two parts: the principle of SRS, CARS, TPEF, and SHG and their application to biology and two-dimensional materials. We also introduce the connections and differences between them. We also discuss the principle of plasmon-enhanced NOM and its application in the above two aspects. This paper not only summarizes the research progress in the frontier but also deepens the readers’ understanding of the physical principles of these NOMs.
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Adur, Javier, Vitor B. Pelegati, Andre A. de Thomaz, Mariana O. Baratti, Diogo B. Almeida, L. A. L. A. Andrade, Fátima Bottcher-Luiz, Hernandes F. Carvalho, and Carlos L. Cesar. "Optical Biomarkers of Serous and Mucinous Human Ovarian Tumor Assessed with Nonlinear Optics Microscopies." PLoS ONE 7, no. 10 (October 8, 2012): e47007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047007.

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Chicanne, C., S. Emonin, N. Richard, T. David, E. Bourillot, J. P. Goudonnet, and Y. Lacroute. "Characterization of optogeometric parameters of optical fibers by near-field scanning probe microscopies." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 17, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 1473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.17.001473.

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Dal Fovo, A., M. Sanz, S. Mattana, M. Oujja, M. Marchetti, F. S. Pavone, R. Cicchi, R. Fontana, and M. Castillejo. "Safe limits for the application of nonlinear optical microscopies to cultural heritage: A new method for in-situ assessment." Microchemical Journal 154 (May 2020): 104568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2019.104568.

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Lagugné-Labarthet, F., C. Sourisseau, R. D. Schaller, R. J. Saykally, and P. Rochon. "Chromophore Orientations in a Nonlinear Optical Azopolymer Diffraction Grating: Even and Odd Order Parameters from Far-Field Raman and Near-Field Second Harmonic Generation Microscopies." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 108, no. 44 (November 2004): 17059–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp047117k.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nonlinear optical microscopies"

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Allcock, Philip. "A microscopic quantum electrodynamical theory of novel nonlinear optical processes." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338097.

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Bart, Graeme. "Bridging the Microscopic and Macroscopic Realms of Laser Driven Plasma Dynamics." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38187.

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The physical processes shaping laser plasma dynamics take place on length scales ranging from the microscopic (1 ångström) to the macroscopic realms (µm). Microscopic field fluctuations due to the motions of individual plasma charges evolve on an atomic scale. Collisional effects influencing thermalization and ionization processes depend on the plasma fields on an atomic level. Simultaneously, collective processes such as plasma oscillations take place on a mesoscopic length scale of many-nm. The macroscopic realm is ultimately determined by the laser which typically spans hundreds of nm to a few µm. Consequently, ab-initio modelling of laser plasma dynamics requires the resolution of length scales from 1Å to multiple µm. As such, in order to bridge the microscopic and macroscopic length scales of light-matter interaction, in is necessary to account for the individual motions of up to ~10^11 particles. This is a not an insignificant undertaking. Until recently, approaches to numerical modelling of light-matter interactions were limited to MD and PIC, each with their own limitations. MicPIC has been developed to fill the gap left by MD and PIC but so far has not been adapted for scalable parallel processing on large distributed memory machines. Thus, its full potential was not able to be fully realized until now. This thesis presents the massively parallel MicPIC method capable of bridging the micro- and macroscopic realms. A wide range of applications that have heretofore not been accessible to theory or, at best, had limited applicability are now open for thorough investigation. Among these are nonlinear nanophotonics, quantum nanophotonics, laser machining, ab-initio dynamics of strongly coupled plasmas, high-harmonic generation, electron and x-ray sources, and optical switching. Two of the first applications of parallel MicPIC to a selection of such problems are shown and discussed below, demonstrating the applicability of the method to a wide variety of newly accessible strong field laser-plasma physics phenomena.
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Au, Ivy Win Long. "The Design and Construction of a Second Harmonic Generation Microscope For Collagen Imaging." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Physics, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8537.

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In recent years, second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has revolutionised the field of biological imaging by offering a new means of visualising the fine structures of collagen tissues with excellent image penetration while minimising photodamage. This project involves the design and construction of a SHG microscope that is built around a compact femtosecond fibre laser for collagen imaging. Operating at 1032 nm, the microscope has demonstrated a penetration depth of beyond 320 microns in collagen, which is considerably superior to depths of 250 to 300 microns achievable with a conventional SHG microscope coupled to a Ti:sapphire excitation laser. The imaging characteristics of the microscope have been tested with a modified sample of bovine pericardium. The results indicate the microscope is polarisation-sensitive to the tissue structure and is capable to detecting signal changes at 10 μm resolution. This thesis will describe in detail, to our best knowledge, the first SHG microscope equipped with a compact and robust all-fibre femtosecond 1032 nm laser source.
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Lombardini, Alberto. "Nonlinear optical endoscopy with micro-structured photonic crystal fibers." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4377.

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Dans cette thèse, nous proposons l'utilisation d'un nouveau type de fibre à cristal photonique, la fibre Kagomé à coeur creux, pour la livraison d'impulsions ultra-courtes en endoscopie non linéaire. Ces fibres permettent la livraison d'impulsions sans distorsion sur une large bande spectrale, avec un faible bruit de fond, grâce à la propagation dans le cœur creux. Nous avons résolu le problème de la résolution spatiale, à l'aide d'une microbille en silice, insérée dans le cœur de la fibre Kagomé. Nous avons développé un système d'imagerie compacte, qui utilise un tube piézo-électrique pour le balayage du faisceau, un système achromatiques de microlentilles et une fibre Kagomé double gaine, spécialement conçue pour l'endoscopie. Avec ce système, nous avons réussi à imager des tissus biologiques, à l'extrémité distale de la fibre (endoscopie), en utilisant des différentes techniques tels que TPEF, SHG et CARS, un résultat qui ne trouve pas d'égal dans la littérature actuelle. L'intégration dans une sonde portable (4,2 mm de diamètre) montre le potentiel de ce système pour de futures applications en endoscopie multimodale in-vivo
In this thesis, we propose the use of a novel type of photonic crystal fiber, the Kagomé lattice hollow core fiber, for the delivery of ultra-short pulses in nonlinear endoscopy. These fibers allow undistorted pulse delivery, over a broad transmission window, with minimum background signal generated in the fiber, thanks to the propagation in a hollow-core. We solved the problem of spatial resolution, by means of a silica micro-bead inserted in the Kagomé fiber large core. We have developed a miniature imaging system, based on a piezo-electric tube scanner, an achromatic micro-lenses assembly and a specifically designed Kagomé double-clad fiber. With this system we were able to image biological tissues, in endoscope modality, activating different contrasts such as TPEF, SHG and CARS, at the distal end of the fiber, a result which finds no equal in current literature. The integration in a portable probe (4.2 mm in diameter) shows the potential of this system for future in-vivo multimodal endoscopy
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Meckbach, Lars [Verfasser], and Stephan W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Koch. "Microscopic theory of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of TMDCs / Lars Meckbach ; Betreuer: Stephan W. Koch." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216242259/34.

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Azzoune, Abderrahim. "Nanofibres optiques pour la réalisation de sources de photons corrélés." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO009.

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Les sources de paires de photons corrélés sont des composants clés nécessaires aux réseaux de télécommunications quantiques. Réaliser directement ces sources à partir de fibres optiques permet de minimiser les pertes d'insertion. Nous proposons de concevoir une telle source à partir d'une fibre optique étirée. La fibre étirée possède un diamètre pouvant descendre à moins de 500 nm sur une longueur de quelques centimètres. Le faible diamètre de la section étirée favorise les effets non linéaires, tandis que les sections non étirées permettent de connecter avec de très faibles pertes cette fibre étirée avec les fibres des réseaux de télécommunication.Dans cette thèse, nous présentons donc une conception d’une nouvelle source de photons corrélés totalement fibrée à base de fibres standard de télécommunications (SMF28) étirées. Pour produire ces paires de photons nous utiliserons la fluorescence paramétrique due à la brisure de symétrie à la surface de la nanofibre en silice.Nous avons développé une technique de mesure par microscopie optique, qui permet de mesurer tout le profil de la fibre étirée avec une résolution nanométrique bien au-delà de la limite de diffraction.En parallèle, nous avons modélisé la susceptibilité non linéaire de surface de second ordre en prenant en compte l’aspect vectoriel de la propagation du champ optique dans une microfibre à deux ou trois couches. Dans un second temps, nous définissons les accords de phase modaux qui sont nécessaires pour l’obtention d’une forte fluorescence paramétrique. Nous dimensionnons cette nanofibre pour une bonne optimisation de l’efficacité de génération des paires. L'ensemble du processus de création de photons sera modélisé
Sources of correlated photon pairs are key components required for quantum telecommunications networks. Implementing these sources directly with optical fibers minimizes the insertion losses. We propose to design such a source from a tapered optical fiber.The tapered fiber has a diameter lower than 500 nm over a length of a few centimeters. The small diameter of the tapered section favors the non-linear effects, while the unstretched sections make it possible to connect this tapered fiber with the fibers of the telecommunication networks with very low losses.In this thesis, we present a design of a new source, fully fibered of correlated photons based on standard telecommunications tapered fibers (SMF28). To produce these pairs of photons we will use the parametric fluorescence due to symmetry breaking at the surface of a silica nanofiber.We have developed an optical microscopy measurement technique to measure all the profile of tapered fibers with nanometer resolution far beyond the diffraction limit.In parallel, we modeled the second-order nonlinear surface susceptibility by taking into account the vector aspect of the propagation of the optical field in a two or three-layered microfiber. In a second step, we define modal phase matchings that are necessary to obtain a strong parametric fluorescence. We size this nanofiber for a good optimization of pairs generation efficiency. The entire process of photon creation will be modeled
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Smith, Brett. "Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Miniaturized Microscope." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24281.

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Microscopy techniques have been developed and refined over multiple decades, but innovation around single photon modalities has slowed. The advancement of the utility of information acquired, and minimum resolution available is seemingly reaching an asymptote. The fusion of light microscopy and well-studied nonlinear processes has broken through this barrier and enabled the collection of vast amounts of additional information beyond the topographical information relayed by traditional microscopes. Through nonlinear imaging modalities, chemical information can also be extracted from tissue. Nonlinear microscopy also can beat the resolution limit caused by diffraction, and offers up three-dimensional capabilities. The power of nonlinear imaging has been demonstrated by countless research groups, solidifying it as a major player in biomedical imaging. The value of a nonlinear imaging system could be enhanced if a reduction in size would permit the insertion into bodily cavities, as has been demonstrated by linear imaging endoscopes. The miniaturization of single photon imaging devices has led to significant advancements in diagnostics and treatment in the medical field. Much more information can be extracted from a patient if the tissue can be imaged in vivo, a capability that traditional, bulky, table top microscopes cannot offer. The development of new technologies in optics has enabled the miniaturization of many critical components of standard microscopes. It is possible to combine nonlinear techniques with these miniaturized elements into a portable, hand held microscope that can be applied to various facets of the biomedical field. The research demonstrated in this thesis is based on the selection, testing and assembly of several miniaturized optical components for use as a nonlinear imaging device. This thesis is the first demonstration of a fibre delivered, microelectromechanical systems mirror with miniaturized optics housed in a portable, hand held package. Specifically, it is designed for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, second harmonic generation, and two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging. Depending on the modality being exploited, different chemical information can be extracted from the sample being imaged. This miniaturized microscope can be applied to diagnostics and treatments of spinal cord diseases and injuries, atherosclerosis research, cancer tumour identification and a plethora of other biomedical applications. The device that will be revealed in the upcoming text is validated by demonstrating all designed-for nonlinear modalities, and later will be used to perform serialized imaging of myelin of a single specimen over time.
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Nowak, Derek Brant. "The Design of a Novel Tip Enhanced Near-field Scanning Probe Microscope for Ultra-High Resolution Optical Imaging." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/361.

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Traditional light microscopy suffers from the diffraction limit, which limits the spatial resolution to λ/2. The current trend in optical microscopy is the development of techniques to bypass the diffraction limit. Resolutions below 40 nm will make it possible to probe biological systems by imaging the interactions between single molecules and cell membranes. These resolutions will allow for the development of improved drug delivery mechanisms by increasing our understanding of how chemical communication within a cell occurs. The materials sciences would also benefit from these high resolutions. Nanomaterials can be analyzed with Raman spectroscopy for molecular and atomic bond information, or with fluorescence response to determine bulk optical properties with tens of nanometer resolution. Near-field optical microscopy is one of the current techniques, which allows for imaging at resolutions beyond the diffraction limit. Using a combination of a shear force microscope (SFM) and an inverted optical microscope, spectroscopic resolutions below 20 nm have been demonstrated. One technique, in particular, has been named tip enhanced near-field optical microscopy (TENOM). The key to this technique is the use of solid metal probes, which are illuminated in the far field by the excitation wavelength of interest. These probes are custom-designed using finite difference time domain (FDTD) modeling techniques, then fabricated with the use of a focused ion beam (FIB) microscope. The measure of the quality of probe design is based directly on the field enhancement obtainable. The greater the field enhancement of the probe, the more the ratio of near-field to far-field background contribution will increase. The elimination of the far-field signal by a decrease of illumination power will provide the best signal-to-noise ratio in the near-field images. Furthermore, a design that facilitates the delocalization of the near-field imaging from the far-field will be beneficial. Developed is a novel microscope design that employs two-photon non-linear excitation to allow the imaging of the fluorescence from almost any visible fluorophore at resolutions below 30 nm without changing filters or excitation wavelength. The ability of the microscope to image samples at atmospheric pressure, room temperature, and in solution makes it a very promising tool for the biological and materials science communities. The microscope demonstrates the ability to image topographical, optical, and electronic state information for single-molecule identification. A single computer, simple custom control circuits, field programmable gate array (FPGA) data acquisition, and a simplified custom optical system controls the microscope are thoroughly outlined and documented. This versatility enables the end user to custom-design experiments from confocal far-field single molecule imaging to high resolution scanning probe microscopy imaging. Presented are the current capabilities of the microscope, most importantly, high-resolution near-field images of J-aggregates with PIC dye. Single molecules of Rhodamine 6G dye and quantum dots imaged in the far-field are presented to demonstrate the sensitivity of the microscope. A comparison is made with the use of a mode-locked 50 fs pulsed laser source verses a continuous wave laser source on single molecules and J-aggregates in the near-field and far-field. Integration of an intensified CCD camera with a high-resolution monochromator allows for spectral information about the sample. The system will be disseminated as an open system design.
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Gomes, Jorge Augusto Coura. "Desenvolvimento de uma microscopia óptica não linear por rotação da polarização elíptica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-11032016-111456/.

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O uso de processos ópticos não lineares é um dos recursos utilizados na microscopia óptica para a obtenção de imagens tridimensionais (3D), sem destruição, de objetos transparentes. A obtenção de imagens em 3D é um recurso muito importante por permitir uma visualização de objetos com estruturas internas complexas. Existem vários processos ópticos não lineares que são usados em microscopia; por exemplo, geração de segundo harmônico, geração de terceiro harmônico, absorção de dois fótons, fluorescência induzida por absorção de dois fótons, etc. cada qual com suas características próprias, vantagens e desvantagens, etc. Um efeito não linear refrativo de grande importância é a rotação não linear da polarização elíptica (RNLPE), que é uma não linearidade tipo Kerr semelhante ao efeito de auto focalização. Através da RNLPE, é possível determinar a magnitude absoluta da não linearidade local, e com esta característica é possível o desenvolvimento de uma microscopia ainda nunca utilizada. O sinal da RNLPE não é regularmente utilizado para microscopia em parte devido à dificuldade de sua medida. No entanto, recentemente foi desenvolvida uma nova maneira, de determinação precisa e simples da RNLPE com o uso de um polarizador girante e um amplificador sensível à fase dupla. Dessa forma, neste trabalho propomos a prova de conceito de um microscópio simples utilizando o sinal de RNLPE. Implementamos um microscópio óptico baseado na medida da RNLPE utilizando um polarizador girante, um amplificador sensível à fase dupla, componentes de baixo custo e um sistema laser de femtossegundo. Obtivemos imagens de capilares de vidros, esferas de vidros, fibras ópticas e células de cebola com sucesso.
The use of nonlinear optical processes is one approach used in the optical microscopy, to obtain three-dimensional (3D) images, without destruction, of transparent objects. The acquisition of 3D images is an important resource to allow better visualization of those objects with internal complex structures. Various nonlinear optical processes are used in microscopy; for example, second-harmonic generation, third-harmonic generation, two-photon absorption, fluorescence induced by two-photon absorption, etc. which one with particular characteristics, advantage and disadvantage, etc. An interesting refractive nonlinearity, the nonlinear elliptical polarization rotation (NEPR) which is a Kerr nonlinearity similar to self focusing. Through NEPR, it is possible to determine the absolute magnitude of nonlinearity location, and this feature is possible to develop even never used microscopy. The NEPR signal is not regularly used for microscopy due to its difficult measurement. However, recently a new accurate and simple method of measurement NEPR was developed with use of rotating polarizer and a dual-phase lock-in amplifier. In this way, in this work we propose a proof of concept of one simple microscopy using the NEPR signal. We assembled a optical microscopy based on NEPR measurement using a rotating polarizer, a dual phase lock-in, low cost components, and a femtosecond laser system. We have successfully obtained image of glass capillaries, optical fibers, glass beds and onion cells.
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Pratavieira, Sebastião. "Montagem e caracterização de um microscópio óptico não linear para imagens de tecidos biológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-28012015-135658/.

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O diagnóstico preciso das características morfológicas e metabólicas de um tecido e/ou órgão com a finalidade de identificar alterações patológicas, ou avaliar um determinado tratamento, é de grande importância nas áreas de biologia e medicina. Uma excelente alternativa para este diagnóstico, e que permite uma visualização com resolução celular, são imagens de microscopia óptica. Tradicionalmente, analisam-se as características celulares através de processos histológicos; contudo, mais recentemente essa mesma análise tornou-se possível em tecidos sem a necessidade deste preparo histológico. Fenômenos de óptica não-linear, como a fluorescência devido à absorção de dois fótons e a geração de segundo harmônico, são exemplos de processos que podem ser realizados sem preparo histológico com o objetivo de se obter imagens microscópicas em diferentes profundidades com resolução celular. Este projeto teve por objetivo desenvolver um microscópio óptico de varredura a laser baseado em processos ópticos não lineares, para adquirir imagens de tecidos e órgãos, nas condições in vitro, in vivo e ex vivo. O microscópio óptico montado é composto por: um laser de pulsos ultracurtos sintonizável (Ti:Safira), um sistema de varredura espacial (dois espelhos conectados a galvanômetros e conjugados por dois espelhos esféricos, para varredura lateral, e uma plataforma piezoelétrica para varredura axial), uma lente objetiva (20X, abertura numérica de 1,0, imersão em água e distância funcional de 2,0 mm) e um sistema de aquisição e controle. A resolução lateral obtida foi de (0,8±0,1) μm e axial de (4,4±1,5) μm, suficiente para a realização de imagens com resolução subcelular de tecidos biológicos. Imagens de fluorescência e por geração de segundo harmônico foram obtidas com sucesso a partir de tecido ex vivo de pele e fígado de rato, pele de porco e de membrana corioalantóica. Estas imagens revelaram aspectos tidos como relevantes na análise morfo-histopatológica – como estruturas nucleares e de membrana, e a presença de colágeno, e com vantagens como coleta de informação vinda de diferentes camadas do tecido. A montagem desse sistema apresenta potencial para contribuir em estudos em diagnóstico e tratamento de lesões sejam feitos de modo que, no futuro, essa análise resulte em diagnósticos mais precisos e tratamentos mais efetivos.
Accurate diagnosis of the morphological and metabolic conditions of a tissue and/or an organ is essential to define the presence of pathological changes, and to evaluate the response during a number of treatments. The use of optical techniques for biological tissue imaging is an excellent alternative for this purpose. Such techniques allow non-invasive diagnostic procedures, with cellular resolution, and usually provide almost instantaneous response. The use of nonlinear optical techniques such as fluorescence promoted by two-photon absorption is one example of optical technique in which we obtain images of living tissue with spatial resolution at cellular level. The purpose of this study is the assembly and characterization of a custom-made non-linear microscope. This microscope allows customized adjustment for in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo imaging of biological samples. The excitation is done using a tunable femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser. Two galvanometer mirrors conjugated by two spherical mirrors are used for the lateral scan and for the axial scan a piezoeletric stage is utilized. The light is focused in tissue by an 20X objective lens, in water immersion, numerical aperture of 1.0, and working distance of 2.0 mm. The lateral resolution obtained was (0.8 ± 0.1) μm and (4.4 ± 1.5) μm for axial resolution, which is sufficient for images with sub-cellular resolution to be achieved in biological tissues. Fluorescence and second harmonic generation images were performed using epithelial and hepatic tissue. Those images revealed aspects considered relevant in morpho-histopathology – such as nuclear and citoplasm membrane structures, and the presence of collagen. By means of the microscope it is possible to have images in different depths of tissues with sub-cellular resolution. The assembly of such an equipment shall represent a potential contribution to diagnostics and lesion treatment fields, so that it may result in more precise detection of diseases and more effective treatments in the future.
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Books on the topic "Nonlinear optical microscopies"

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Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. 2nd ed. New York: Springer, 1996.

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G, Dmitriev V., and Nikogosi͡an D. N. 1946-, eds. Handbook of nonlinear optical crystals. 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1999.

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Darwin, Palima, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Generalized phase contrast: Applications in optics and photonics. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.

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Gurzadi͡an, G. G. Nelineĭno opticheskie kristally: Svoĭstva i primenenie v kvantovoĭ ėlektronike. Moskva: "Radio i svi͡azʹ", 1991.

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Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals (Springer Series in Optical Sciences, Vol 64). 2nd ed. Springer, 1997.

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Glazov, M. M. Dynamical Nuclear Polarization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807308.003.0005.

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The transfer of nonequilibrium spin polarization between the electron and nuclear subsystems is studied in detail. Usually, a thermal orientation of nuclei in magnetic field is negligible due to their small magnetic moments, but if electron spins are optically oriented, efficient nuclear spin polarization can occur. The microscopic approach to the dynamical nuclear polarization effect based on the kinetic equation method, along with a phenomenological but very powerful description of dynamical nuclear polarization in terms of the nuclear spin temperature concept is given. In this way, one can account for the interaction between neighbouring nuclei without solving a complex many-body problem. The hyperfine interaction also induces the feedback of polarized nuclei on the electron spin system giving rise to a number of nonlinear effects: bistability of nuclear spin polarization and anomalous Hanle effect, dragging and locking of optical resonances in quantum dots. Theory is illustrated by experimental data on dynamical nuclear polarization.
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Glückstad, Jesper, and Darwin Palima. Generalized Phase Contrast : : Applications in Optics and Photonics. Springer, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nonlinear optical microscopies"

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Knorr, Andreas, and Stephan W. Koch. "Microscopic Modelling of the Nonlinear Optical Properties of Semiconductors." In Nonlinear Optical Materials, 131–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1714-5_6.

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Norman, Patrick, and Kenneth Ruud. "Microscopic Theory of Nonlinear Optics." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 1–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4850-5_1.

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Garito, A. F., K. Y. Wong, and O. Zamani-Khamiri. "Microscopic Origin of Second Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Structures." In Nonlinear Optical and Electroactive Polymers, 13–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0953-6_2.

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Peřina, Jan. "Theory of Coherence and Photon Statistics of Classical and Nonclassical Light on a Microscopic Basis." In Quantum Statistics of Linear and Nonlinear Optical Phenomena, 226–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2400-3_9.

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Hama, M., M. Aihara, and M. Yokota. "Microscopic Theory of Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Phenomena in an Electron-Phonon System." In Ultrafast Phenomena VI, 396–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83644-2_112.

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Saint-Raymond, Laure. "A Microscopic Point of View on Singularities in Fluid Models." In Shocks, Singularities and Oscillations in Nonlinear Optics and Fluid Mechanics, 205–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52042-1_9.

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Martini, F. De, P. Mataloni, and L. Crescentini. "ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM CONFINEMENT EFFECTS IN THE OPTICAL MICROSCOPIC CAVITY." In Nonlinear Optics And Optical Physics, 123–38. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812815521_0005.

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"Basic Microscopic Technique." In Functional Imaging by Controlled Nonlinear Optical Phenomena, 87–144. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118751879.ch2.

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Bhat, M. Amin, B. K. Nayak, Anima Nanda, and Imtiyaz H. Lone. "Nanotechnology, Metal Nanoparticles, and Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 116–55. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6304-6.ch005.

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Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse range of applications in the area of electronics, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and medicines at nano levels such as healthcare, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health, optics, biomedical sciences, chemical industries, drug-gene delivery, energy science, optoelectronics, catalysis, reprography, single electron transistors, light emitters, nonlinear optical devices, and photoelectrochemical applications and other applications. Due to these immense applications of nanotechnology in biomedical science, it has became possible to design the pharmaceuticals in such a way that they could directly treat diseased cells like cancer and make microscopic repairs in hard-to-operate-on areas of the body. The nanomachines have been designed to clean up toxins or oil spills, recycle all garbage, eliminate landfills, etc. The chapter summarizes the present and future applications of nanotechnology for human welfare but needs further study in catalysis, optical devices, sensor technology, cancer treatment, and drug delivery systems.
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Bhat, M. Amin, B. K. Nayak, Anima Nanda, and Imtiyaz H. Lone. "Nanotechnology, Metal Nanoparticles, and Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology." In Oncology, 311–41. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0549-5.ch010.

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Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse range of applications in the area of electronics, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and medicines at nano levels such as healthcare, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health, optics, biomedical sciences, chemical industries, drug-gene delivery, energy science, optoelectronics, catalysis, reprography, single electron transistors, light emitters, nonlinear optical devices, and photoelectrochemical applications and other applications. Due to these immense applications of nanotechnology in biomedical science, it has became possible to design the pharmaceuticals in such a way that they could directly treat diseased cells like cancer and make microscopic repairs in hard-to-operate-on areas of the body. The nanomachines have been designed to clean up toxins or oil spills, recycle all garbage, eliminate landfills, etc. The chapter summarizes the present and future applications of nanotechnology for human welfare but needs further study in catalysis, optical devices, sensor technology, cancer treatment, and drug delivery systems.
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Conference papers on the topic "Nonlinear optical microscopies"

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Pelegati, V. B., J. Adur, A. A. de Thomaz, D. B. Almeida, M. O. Baratti, H. F. Carvalho, and C. L. Cesar. "Multimodal optical setup for nonlinear and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopies: improvement on a commercial confocal inverted microscope." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Daniel L. Farkas, Dan V. Nicolau, and Robert C. Leif. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.909358.

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Talone, B., A. Bresci, R. Vanna, C. Menale, S. Mantero, C. M. Valensise, G. Cerullo, C. Sobacchi, and D. Polli. "Multimodal label-free nonlinear optical microscopy on murine cortical bone to study skeletal diseases." In Advances in Microscopic Imaging, edited by Emmanuel Beaurepaire, Adela Ben-Yakar, and YongKeun Park. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2615829.

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Vittadello, Laura, Jan Klenen, and Mirco Imlau. "A TIGER nonlinear optical widefield microscope: game-changer for in-vivo-applications of harmonic nanoparticles." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.2021.nf1b.5.

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Alizadeh, Mehdi, Fayez Habach, Margarete K. Akens, Agne Kalnaityte, Saulius Bagdonas, and Virginijus Barzda. "Deciphering configuration of multiple chiral fibers in the focal volume of second harmonic generation microscope." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.2021.nf1b.2.

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Chen, Chuangtian, and Baichang Wu. "A New UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal — KBBF." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.ma7.

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One of the major aims scientists are now facing in nonlinear optical (NLO) material area is the search for new UV NLO materials, in which phase-matching below 200 nm can be achieved. On the basis of the anionic group theory, it was found that if the dangling bonds of (BO3)3- group are eliminated by linking with other groups, the band gap of (BO3)3- group can shift to as short as 150 nm. On the other hand, the (BO3)3- group is also favorable to produce a relatively larger birefringence and microscopic χ ijk ( 2 ) coefficients [1]. It was these novel ideas that motivated our group to make extensive efforts, which led to the successful discovery of another new UV NLO crystal — KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF).
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Brambilla, M., G. Strini, F. Castelli, L. A. Lugiato, and F. Prati. "Quantum Noise in Nondegenerate Four-Wave Mixing Above Threshold." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1990.ndd463.

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The multimode instability in optical bistability is a relevant example of nondegenerate four-wave mixing, which allows for a fully quantum microscopic theory. We calculate the spectrum of the intensity fluctuations beyond the instability threshold .
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Milani, M., F. Brivio, F. Calcaterra, and G. Chiaretti. "Nonlinearities in the Characteristic Curve for Single-Mode InGaAsP Lasers with Weak Optical Feedback." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1990.tdsls42.

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In a microscopic approach to single-mode semiconductor laser dynamics, the nonlinear dependence of interband carrier lifetime on optical field intensity accounts for some nonlinearities in the characteristic curve appearing in the weak feedback regime. The comparison with actual optical communication systems is discussed.
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Olivos-Pérez, L. I., M. D. Iturbe-Castillo, M. D. Sánchez-de-la-Llave, R. Ramos-García, and C. G. Treviño-Palacios. "Nonlinear phase contrast microscope." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Iam-Choon Khoo. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.679682.

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Völcker, Martin, Wolfgang Krieger, and Herbert Walther. "Laser-Assisted Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tha7.

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The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was the starting point for the development of numerous new methods to obtain atom-resolved surface information. In the usual mode the STM produces images of the local density of states at the surface. New modifications of the STM allow the generation of surface images with quantities such as atomic forces, photon emission, temperature, and ion conductance, as well as images with spectroscopic information. In some of these experiments new modes of operation have been introduced where the distance dependence of these quantities is used to control the width of the tunneling gap of the STM.
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Assanto, Gaetano, George I. Stegeman, Manuel B. Marques, William E. Torruellas, Winfried H. G. Horsthuis, Guus R. Möhlmann, and E. W. P. Erdhuisen. "Large Non-Resonant Nonlinearities in DANS Based Polymer Waveguides: Role of Microscopic Cascading." In Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1991.tue2.

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Polymers can exhibit both large and fast nonresonant third-order nonlinearities which rely on π-electron delocalization and conjugation, as well as good physical and chemical properties suitable for the fabrication of nonlinear integrated optics devices. Soluble polymers with strong charge transfer states such asymmetrically substituted 4-dialkylamino-4′-nitro-stilbene (DANS) and 4-dialkylamino-4′-nitro-diphenylbu-tadiene (DAN2) side-groups were originally developed for electro-optic applications because of their large second order nonlinearities and low propagation losses in waveguide form.1 Using nonlinear grating coupling we found a large value for n2, the Kerr coefficient. Measurements and analysis of the spectral dispersion of third harmonic generation indicate that the dominant contribution to the nonlinearity is due to the local cascading of second order nonlinearities.2
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