Dissertations / Theses: 'Nonlinear dissipation'

1

Harris, Shirley Elizabeth. "Nonlinear wave equations with dispersion, dissipation and amplification." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241561.

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Lulla, Kunal. "Dissipation and nonlinear effects in nanomechanical resonators at low temperatures." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12717/.

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Nanomechanical resonators have extremely low masses (~ 10−15 kg) and frequencies from a few megahertz all the way up to the gigahertz range. These properties along with a small damping rate make them very useful or ultrasensitive detection applications, now pushing into the realm of zeptonewtons (10−21 N) and zeptograms (10−21 g). On a more fundamental level, nanomechanical resonators are expected to display quantum mechanical effects when cooled down to millikelvin temperatures. The understanding of dissipation in nanomechanical resonators is important for device applications and to study quantum mechanical effects in such systems. However, despite a range of experiments on semiconducting and metallic devices, dissipation in nanomechanical resonators at low temperatures is not yet well understood. Although mechanical resonators have traditionally been operated in the linear regime, exploiting their nonlinearities can prove advantageous for industrial applications as well as opening up new experimental windows into the fundamental study of the nonlinear dynamics of mesoscopic systems. In this thesis, we present results from low temperature dissipation studies on pure gold and on gold-coated high-stress silicon nitride nanomechanical resonators. A theory, which predicts the existence of tunnelling two-level systems (TLS) in bulk disordered solids at low temperatures, is used as a framework to describe the data. The nonlinear interactions between different flexural modes of a single silicon nitride device, are explored experimentally and theoretically. The resonators were fabricated as doubly-clamped beams using a combination of optical lithography, electron-beam lithography, dry and wet etching techniques. The motion of the resonators was actuated and detected using the magnetomotive scheme. At low temperatures, all the beams had resonant frequencies between 3 and 60 MHz and quality factors in the range 105 − 106. The strong variation observed in dissipation and resonant frequency at the lowest temperatures (below 1 K) indicates the presence of tunnelling TLS in nanomechanical resonators.

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Vierheilig, Carmen [Verfasser]. "Interplay between dissipation and driving in nonlinear quantum systems / Carmen Vierheilig." Regensburg : Univ.-Verl. Regensburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1012150712/34.

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Nazari, Farshid. "Strongly Stable and Accurate Numerical Integration Schemes for Nonlinear Systems in Atmospheric Models." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32128.

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Nonlinearity accompanied with stiffness in atmospheric boundary layer physical parameterizations is a well-known concern in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Nonlinear diffusion equations, furthermore, are a class of equations which are extensively applicable in different fields of science and engineering. Numerical stability and accuracy is a common concern in this class of equation. In the present research, a comprehensive effort has been made toward the temporal integration of such equations. The main goal is to find highly stable and accurate numerical methods which can be used specifically in atmospheric boundary layer simulations in weather and climate prediction models, and extensively in other models where nonlinear differential equations play an important role, such as magnetohydrodynamics and Navier-Stokes equations. A modified extended backward differentiation formula (ME BDF) scheme is adapted and proposed at the first stage of this research. Various aspects of this scheme, including stability properties, linear stability analysis, and numerical experiments, are studied with regard to applications for the time integration of commonly used nonlinear damping and diffusive systems in atmospheric boundary layer models. A new temporal filter which leads to significant improvement of numerical results is proposed. Nonlinear damping and diffusion in the turbulent mixing of the atmospheric boundary layer is dealt with in the next stage by using optimally stable singly-diagonally-implicit Runge-Kutta (SDIRK) methods, which have been proved to be effective and computationally efficient for the challenges mentioned in the literature. Numerical analyses are performed, and two schemes are modified to enhance their numerical features and stability. Three-stage third-order diagonally-implicit Runge-Kutta (DIRK) scheme is introduced by optimizing the error and linear stability analysis for the aforementioned nonlinear diffusive system. The new scheme is stable for a wide range of time steps and is able to resolve different diffusive systems with diagnostic turbulence closures, or prognostic ones with a diagnostic length scale, with enhanced accuracy and stability compared to current schemes. The procedure implemented in this study is quite general and can be used in other diffusive systems as well. As an extension of this study, high-order low-dissipation low-dispersion diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta schemes are analyzed and introduced, based on the optimization of amplification and phase errors for wave propagation, and various optimized schemes can be obtained. The new scheme shows no dissipation. It is illustrated mathematically and numerically that the new scheme preserves fourth-order accuracy. The numerical applications contain the wave equation with and without a stiff nonlinear source term. This shows that different optimized schemes can be investigated for the solution of systems where physical terms with different behaviours exist.

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Schmitt, James Tyler. "Damage initiation and post-damage response of composite laminates by multiaxial testing and nonlinear optimization." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/schmitt/SchmittJ1208.pdf.

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Fiber reinforced plastics are increasingly being used in the construction of primary structures in the aerospace and energy industries. While their elastic behavior and fatigue response have been the subject of considerable research, less is known about the performance of continuous fiber composites following initial damage. Several competing models for the post-damage response of orthotropic composite materials are explored in this thesis. Each of these models includes only the in-plane loads experienced by the material and characterizes damage based on the local state of strain. Starting with previous work performed at the Naval Research Laboratory and at MSU, the energy dissipated in multiaxially loaded coupons was used to optimize an empirical function that relates the three in-plane strains to the local dissipated energy density. This function was used to approximate a three dimensional damage initiation envelope as well as to quantify the severity of damage following first ply failure in a fiberglass laminate. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy was characterized using an assumed bilinear constitutive response. The elastic properties of the material were first optimized to minimize deviation from experimental data and then the necessary coefficients for a per-axis strain softening response were found using a similar optimization. This model provides detailed insight into the residual strength of significantly damaged material, as well as dissipated energy as a direct consequence. To facilitate the need of these models for diverse local in-plane loading configurations, the MSU In-Plane Loader (IPL) was utilized. The tests performed in the IPL for this thesis were instrumental in validating a new image-correlation-based displacement monitoring system.

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Verniero, J. L. "Turbulence in heliospheric plasmas: characterizing the energy cascade and mechanisms of dissipation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6870.

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In space and astrophysical plasmas, turbulence is responsible for transferring energy from large scales driven by violent events or instabilities, to smaller scales where turbulent energy is ultimately converted into plasma heat by dissipative mechanisms. In the inertial range, the self-similar turbulent energy cascade to smaller spatial scales is driven by the nonlinear interaction between counterpropagating Alfvén waves, denoted Alfvén wave collisions. For the more realistic case of the collision between two initially separated Alfvén wavepackets (rather than previous idealized, periodic cases), we use a nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation code, AstroGK, to demonstrate three key properties of strong Alfvén wave collisions: they (i) facilitate the perpendicular cascade of energy and (ii) generate current sheets self-consistently, and (iii) the modes mediating the nonlinear interaction are simply Alfvén waves. Once the turbulent cascade reaches the ion gyroradius scale, the Alfvén waves become dispersive and the turbulent energy starts to dissipate, energizing the particles via wave-particle interactions with eventual dissipation into plasma heat. The novel Field-Particle Correlation technique determines how turbulent energy dissipates into plasma heat by identifying which particles in velocity-space experience a net gain of energy. By utilizing knowledge of discrete particle arrival times, we devise a new algorithm called PATCH (Particle Arrival Time Correlation for Heliophysics) for implementing a field-particle correlator onboard spacecraft. Using AstroGK, we create synthetic spacecraft data mapped to realistic phase-space resolutions of modern spacecraft instruments. We then utilize Poisson statistics to determine the threshold number of particle counts needed to resolve the velocity-space signature of ion Landau damping using the PATCH algorithm.

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7

Gandomzadeh, Ali. "Dynamic soil-structure interaction : effect of nonlinear soil behavior." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648179.

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The interaction of the soil with the structure has been largely explored the assumption of material and geometrical linearity of the soil. Nevertheless, for moderate or strong seismic events, the maximum shear strain can easily reach the elastic limit of the soil behavior. Considering soil-structure interaction, the nonlinear effects may change the soil stiffness at the base of the structure and therefore energy dissipation into the soil. Consequently, ignoring the nonlinear characteristics of the dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI) this phenomenon could lead toerroneous predictions of structural response. The goal of this work is to implement a fully nonlinear constitutive model for soils into anumerical code in order to investigate the effect of soil nonlinearity on dynamic soil structureinteraction. Moreover, different issues are taken into account such as the effect of confining stress on the shear modulus of the soil, initial static condition, contact elements in the soil-structure interface, etc. During this work, a simple absorbing layer method based on a Rayleigh / Caughey damping formulation, which is often already available in existing. Finite Element softwares, is also presented. The stability conditions of the wave propagation problems are studied and it is shown that the linear and nonlinear behavior are very different when dealing with numerical dispersion. It is shown that the 10 points per wavelength rule, recommended in the literature for the elastic media is not sufficient for the nonlinear case. The implemented model is first numerically verified by comparing the results with other known numerical codes. Afterward, a parametric study is carried out for different types of structures and various soil profiles to characterize nonlinear effects. Different features of the DSSI are compared to the linear case : modification of the amplitude and frequency content of the waves propagated into the soil, fundamental frequency, energy dissipation in the soil and the response of the soil-structure system. Through these parametric studies we show that depending on the soil properties, frequency content of the soil response could change significantly due to the soil nonlinearity. The peaks of the transfer function between free field and outcropping responsesshift to lower frequencies and amplification happens at this frequency range. Amplificationreduction for the high frequencies and even deamplication may happen for high level inputmotions. These changes influence the structural response.We show that depending on the combination of the fundamental frequency of the structureand the the natural frequency of the soil, the effect of soil-structure interaction could be significant or negligible. However, the effect of structure weight and rocking of the superstructurecould change the results. Finally, the basin of Nice is used as an example of wave propagation ona heterogeneous nonlinear media and dynamic soil-structure interaction. The basin response isstrongly dependent on the combination of soil nonlinearity, topographic effects and impedancecontrast between soil layers. For the selected structures and soil profiles of this work, the performed numerical simulations show that the shift of the fundamental frequency is not a goodindex to discriminate linear from nonlinear soil behavior

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8

Behlke, Rico. "Dissipation at the Earth's Quasi-Parallel Bow Shock." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6123.

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9

Ott, Richard J. "An Effective Damping Measure: Examples Using A Nonlinear Energy Sink." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1354032639.

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10

Yang, Fan [Verfasser]. "Investigation of the Interaction, Nonlinear and Dissipation Effects in Nano-Membrane Resonators by Optical Interferometry / Fan Yang." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1212796446/34.

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11

Hashemi, Nastaran. "Exploring the Nonlinear Dynamics of Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy with Capillary Layer Interactions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28112.

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Central to tapping mode atomic force microscopy is an oscillating cantilever whose tip interacts with a sample surface. The tip-surface interactions are strongly nonlinear, rapidly changing, and hysteretic. We explore numerically a lumped-mass model that includes attractive, adhesive, and repulsive contributions as well as the interaction of the capillary fluid layers that cover both tip and sample in the ambient conditions common in experiment. To accomplish this, we have developed and used numerical techniques specifically tailored for discontinuous, nonlinear, and hysteretic dynamical systems. In particular, we use forward-time simulation with event handling and the numerical pseudo-arclength continuation of periodic solutions. We first use these numerical approaches to explore the nonlinear dynamics of the cantilever. We find the coexistence of three steady state oscillating solutions: (i) periodic with low-amplitude, (ii) periodic with high-amplitude, and (iii) high-periodic or irregular behavior. Furthermore, the branches of periodic solutions are found to end precisely where the cantilever comes into grazing contact with event surfaces in state space corresponding to the onset of capillary interactions and the onset of repulsive forces associated with surface contact. Also, the branches of periodic solutions are found to be separated by windows of irregular dynamics. These windows coexist with the periodic branches of solutions and exist beyond the termination of the periodic solution. We also explore the power dissipated through the interaction of the capillary fluid layers. The source of this dissipation is the hysteresis in the conservative capillary force interaction. We relate the power dissipation with the fraction of oscillations that break the fluid meniscus. Using forward-time simulation with event handling, this is done exactly and we explore the dissipated power over a range of experimentally relevant conditions. It is found that the dissipated power as a function of the equilibrium cantilever-surface separation has a characteristic shape that we directly relate to the cantilever dynamics. We also find that despite the highly irregular cantilever dynamics, the fraction of oscillations breaking the meniscus behaves in a fairly simple manner. We have also performed a large number of forward-time simulations over a wide range of initial conditions to approximate the basins of attraction of steady oscillating solutions. Overall, the simulations show a complex pattern of high and low amplitude periodic solutions over the range of initial conditions explored. We find that for large equilibrium separations, the basin of attraction is dominated by the low-amplitude periodic solution and for the small equilibrium separations by the high-amplitude periodic solution.
Ph. D.

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12

Koneru, Saradhi. "A thermodynamic approach for compaction of asphaltic composites." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1147.

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13

Marshall, Justin D. "Development, Analysis and Testing of a Hybrid Passive Control Device for Seismic Protection of Framed Structures." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30152.

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A new seismic protection strategy called the hybrid passive control device (HPCD) has been developed which combines typical passive energy dissipation devices. It consists of a high damping rubber (HDR) sandwich damper in series with a buckling restrained brace (BRB). The HPCD provides energy dissipation at small deformations without significantly decreasing the structural period. The significant energy dissipation capacity of a BRB is provided for significant seismic events in the second phase. The transition between these two phases consists of an increasing stiffness as the device transitions from rubber damper to BRB. The HPCD reduces deformations, forces and accelerations from seismic events. The hyperelastic or stiffening effect also prevents resonant build-up and aids in collapse prevention due to p-delta effects. The first phase of this work included characterization of high damping rubber compounds and analytical modeling of the HPCD concept. Experimental testing was completed to measure both the static and dynamic material properties of six different rubber compounds. The two most promising rubber compounds were selected for possible inclusion in the device. Analytical models of these selected materials were developed for nonlinear solid finite element analysis. The most promising configuration of the device was selected from several options. The selected configuration was analyzed using the commercial finite element program ABAQUS. These models were used to confirm the validity of the theoretical behavior of the device. Additionally these tests were used to determine which of the rubber compounds performed best. Experimental testing of a half-scale HPCD specimen was carried out in the Structures and Materials Research Laboratory at Virginia Tech. The prototype was tested under cyclic and static loads. The experimental tests confirmed the potential of the hybrid device while highlighting minor issues with the design of the prototype. The final component in the research was an analytical study using hybrid devices in a 9-story steel moment frame structure. The devices were found to provide improved response over a special steel moment frame and a moment frame combined with a buckling restrained brace frame.
Ph. D.

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14

Michel, Guillaume. "Parois et ondes de surface : dissipation, effet Doppler et interactions non linéaires." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE038/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions comment la présence de parois affecte les ondes de surface. La dissipation associée au mouillage, objet central des premiers chapitres, est abordée expérimentalement. Nous mesurons son évolution avec la taille du ménisque et montrons qu’en mouillage total des non-linéarités apparaissent dès que l’oscillation du ménisque atteint l’épaisseur des couches limites. Dans un deuxième temps, nous quantifions les échanges d’énergie ayant lieu lors de laréflexion d’une onde de surface sur une paroi oscillante, appelés effet Doppler généralisé. Après une mise en évidence expérimentale, une approche théorique les évalue et illustre comment leurs effets cumulatifs peuvent mener à des spectres en compétition avec ceux de la turbulence d’ondes. Finalement, nous traitons les interactions entre paquets d’ondes. En géométrie confinée, nous montrons que des résonances à trois ondes gravitaires sont autorisées. Dépassant la problématique des parois, nous caractérisons les interactions entre ondes gravitaires en milieu infini, puis décrivons les grandes échelles de la turbulence d’ondes capillaire
In this thesis, we study the impact of solid boudaries on surface waves. We first consider the dissipation caused by dynamical wetting. We experimentally show how the damping of surface waves evolves with the size of the meniscus and demonstrate that in perfect wetting it leads to a nonlinear behavior as soon as the meniscus oscillation amplitude compares to the thickness of the boundary layer. Secondly, we investigate energy exchanges through scales occuring when a surface wave reflects on an oscillating wall, the so-called generalized Doppler effect. We evidence the creation of Doppler-shifted waves, compute their amplitudes and illustrate how the continuous bouncing of surface waves on wavemakers may lead to self-similar spectra competing with the ones of wave turbulence. Finally, we focus on nonlinear interaction between surface waves. We prove that gravity waves can undergo triad resonances in confined geometry. Going beyond the consequencies of solid boundaries, we perform experiments on four-wave interactions in the gravity regime and describe large scales in capillary wave turbulence

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Phillips, Adam Richard. "Large-Scale Cyclic Testing and Development of Ring Shaped - Steel Plate Shear Walls for Improved Seismic Performance of Buildings." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73513.

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A novel shear wall system for building structures has been developed that improves upon the performance of conventional steel plate shear walls by mitigating buckling. The new structural system, called the Ring Shaped - Steel Plate Shear Wall, was investigated and developed through experimental and computational methods. First, the plastic mechanism of the system was numerically derived and then analytically validated with finite element analyses. Next, five large-scale, quasi-static, cyclic experimental tests were conducted in the Thomas M. Murray Structures Laboratory at Virginia Tech. The large-scale experiments validated the system performance and provided data on the boundary frame forces, infill panel shear deformation modes, buckling mode shapes, and buckling magnitudes. Multiple computational modeling techniques were employed to reproduce different facets of the system behavior. First, detailed finite element models were constructed to accurately reproduce the cyclic performance, yielding pattern, and buckling mode shapes. The refined finite element models were utilized to further study the boundary element forces and ultra-low cycle fatigue behavior of the system. Second, reduced-order computational models were constructed that can accurately reproduce the hysteretic performance of the web plates. The reduced-order models were then utilized to study the nonlinear response history behavior of four prototype building structures using Ring Shaped - Steel Plate Shear Walls and conventional steel plate shear walls. The nonlinear response history analyses investigated the application of the system to a short period and a long period building configuration. In total 176 nonlinear response history analyses were conducted and statistically analyzed. Lastly, a practical design methodology for the Ring Shaped - Steel Plate Shear Wall web plates was presented. The experimental tests and computational simulations reported in this dissertation demonstrate that Ring Shaped - Steel Plate Shear Walls are capable of improving seismic performance of buildings by drastically reducing buckling and improving cyclic energy dissipation.
Ph. D.

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Lavarnway, Daniel L. "Evaluating the Use of Ductile Envelope Connectors for Improved Blast Protection of Buildings." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1365001432.

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17

Sternberger, Antoine. "Atténuation vibratoire non-linéaire de structures modales creuses par ajout de matériaux granulaires." Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1018/document.

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L'utilisation d'un matériau granulaire au sein de structures industrielles afin de diminuer les niveaux vibratoires est une solution alternative aux revêtements viscoélastiques, qui ont une dépendance forte aux conditions de température. Pour l'industrie navale et aéronautique l'enjeu est ainsi d'améliorer la fiabilité et le confort. Les niveaux d'interaction entre les grains dépendent des paramètres de contrôle (niveaud'accélération), mais aussi des caractéristiques des matériaux constitutifs des grains, du taux d'humidité dufluide environnant, de la géométrie et des dimensions des grains, ainsi que des conditions de confinement.Pour une accélération donnée, indépendante du point de la structure, la pertinence du choix d'unmatériau granulaire par rapport à une même masse indéformable est mise en évidence par l'étude de lavibration d'une cavité rigide montée sur un oscillateur partiellement remplie. La variation paramétrique destypes de confinements dans la cavité ainsi que le matériau constitutif des grains permet d'extraire lesparamètres influents dans la dissipation d'énergie. Le développement d'un modèle analytique à constanteslocalisées permet de simuler l'énergie dissipée par le système via un nombre réduit de coefficients représentantla dynamique vibratoire de la matière en grains. La confrontation de ce modèle avec différentesexpérimentations permet de valider son efficacité et son caractère prédictif dans la dissipation de l'énergievibratoire d'un système dynamique.Pour une structure modale en vibration, où le niveau d'accélération est dépendant du point de lastructure, l'optimisation du positionnement des amas de grain est montrée
The use of granular material in industrial structures to reduce vibration levels is an alternative toviscoelastic surfacing, which is highly dependent on temperature conditions. For the naval and aeronauticalindustry, the challenge is to improve reliability and comfort. The levels of interaction between the grainsdepend on the control parameters (acceleration level), but also on the characteristics of the constituentmaterials of the grains, the moisture content of the surrounding fluid, the geometry and dimensions of thegrains, as well as their containment conditions.For a given acceleration, independent of the point of structure, the relevance of the choice of a granularmaterial with respect to the same non-deformable mass is demonstrated by the study of the vibration of a rigidcavity mounted on an oscillator partially filled. The parametric variations of the types of confinement in thecavity as well as the constituent material of the grains make it possible to extract the influent parameters inthe energy dissipation. The development of an analytical model with localized constants allows to simulate theenergy dissipated by the system via a reduced number of coefficients representing the vibratory dynamics ofthe granular matter. The comparison of this model with experiments makes it possible to validate itseffectiveness and its predictive character in the dissipation of the vibratory energy of a dynamic system.For a modal structure, where the acceleration level is dependent on the point of the structure, theoptimization of the grain cluster positioning is shown

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18

Luiz, Gustavo de Oliveira 1988. "Dynamics of coupled micro-oscillators = Dinâmica de micro-osciladores acoplados." [s.n.], 2017. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/325686.

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Orientador: Gustavo Silva Wiederhecker
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin
Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-02T10:33:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz_GustavoDeOliveira_D.pdf: 5507367 bytes, checksum: 506db63a5a93a33d67a84dbb1f7b33ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017
Resumo: Nas últimas décadas a optomecânica de microcavidades chamou a atenção de cientistas e engenheiros, que encontraram na interação entre luz e ondas acústicas aplicações que variam de sensores de massa com resolução atômica, até a preparação de estados quânticos de osciladores harmônicos mesoscópicos, passando por simuladores quânticos, filtros ópticos controláveis opticamente, criação de estados topológicos para luz e fônons, apenas citando alguns exemplos. Apesar das diversas demonstrações de vários dispositivos, sendo discos e cristais fotônicos os formatos mais comuns, há ainda um grande esforço no sentido de aperfeiçoá-los reduzindo perdas ópticas e mecânicas e suprimindo outros fenômenos de óptica não-linear, como absorção de dois fótons, que podem impedir seu funcionamento apropriado. Como ressonadores ópticos e mecânicos tipicamente compartilham a mesma estrutura nestes dispositivos, seus projetos são acoplados, dificultando o aprimoramento independente de cada um. Nesta tese usamos dispositivos optomecânicos de campo próximo, cuja interação entre modos mecânicos e ópticos se dá através do campo evanescente do último, para desacoplar o projeto mecânico do óptico, o que nos permitiu estudar a otimização do ressonador mecânico sem qualquer efeito sobre a cavidade óptica. Com um ressonador mecânico de silício composto por dois osciladores acoplados, pudemos demonstrar que o correto equilíbrio das massas de cada oscilador é um método simples e eficiente para suprimir as perdas devido à radiação de energia mecânica para o substrato na escala de frequência de 50 MHz. Este processo permitiu que fatores de qualidade limitados por perdas relacionadas ao material e à superfície, da ordem de 10 mil à temperatura ambiente e de 50 mil a aproximadamente 25 K, fossem obtidos. Também observamos nestes dispositivos o fenômeno de auto-pulsação, que apresenta uma dinâmica própria tão interessante quanto a optomecânica, apesar de impedir a operação apropriada dos osciladores optomecânicos. Estudamos este fenômeno separadamente e demonstramos que estes pulsos, ocorrendo em duas cavidades ópticas acopladas por seus campos evanescentes, podem sincronizar com o campo óptico sendo o único intermediador. Ambas as demonstrações têm implicações importantes, abrindo caminho para o desenvolvimento de novas plataformas de interesse tanto científico quanto tecnológico, como estruturas para o estudo de estados topológicos para a luz e para ondas acústicas e geradores de sinal de radio-frequência de alto desempenho. Além disso, os dispositivos foram todos produzidos em uma fábrica comercial, o que também demonstra que sua fabricação está pronta para ser escalada para produção em massa
Abstract: Cavity optomechanics in the micro-scale has attracted the attention of scientists and engineers on the last few decades, who encountered applications to the interaction of light and acoustic waves ranging from atomic resolution mass sensors to the preparation of quantum states of mesoscopic harmonic oscillators, passing by quantum simulators, optically controllable optical filters, formation of topological states for both photons and phonons, just to mention a few examples. Although various devices have been demonstrated, with disks and photonics crystals being the most common designs, there is still a large effort to improve them by reducing optical and mechanical losses and suppressing other non-linear phenomena, such as two-photon absorption, that may affect their proper operation. Because optical and mechanical resonators typically share the same structure in these devices, their designs are coupled, which complicates the independent improvement of each one. In this thesis we used near-field optomechanical devices, whose mechanical modes interact with the optical through the latter¿s evanescent field, to decouple the mechanical design from the optical, what allowed us to focus all attention on the mechanical resonator. With a silicon mechanical resonator composed of two coupled oscillators, we could demonstrate that the correct balance of the masses of the oscillators is an efficient and simple way to suppress losses due to energy radiation to the substrate at the 50 MHz frequency range. This strategy led to material and surface limited quality factors close to 10k at room temperature and 50k at approximately 25 K. We also observed the phenomenon of self-pulsing in these devices, which presents dynamics as interesting as the optomechanical interactions do, in spite of being a problem for the proper operation of the optomechanical devices. We studied this phenomenon separately and demonstrated that these pulses, when occurring in two evanescently coupled optical cavities, may synchronize with the optical field being the sole intermediary. These two demonstrations have important implications, paving the way for new platforms of scientific and technological interest, such as structures for the study of topological states for both light and acoustic weaves as well as high efficiency radio-frequency signal generators. Moreover, these devices were all fabricated in a commercial foundry, which also demonstrates that the fabrication of such technology is ready to be scaled up to mass production
Doutorado
Física
Doutor em Ciências
153044/2013-6
CNPQ

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19

Aguirre, Herrera Santiago Alberto, and Barazorda Elio Andre Vidal. "Comportamiento estructural de una edificación esencial de mediana altura usando aisladores de base y disipadores SLB." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654612.

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Este artículo consiste en analizar una nueva alternativa de control antisísmico de alta tecnología para la construcción de hospitales en el Perú, que en su normativa exige el uso de aislamiento de base para edificaciones esenciales. Para ello, se opta por la evaluación estructural de una edificación construida con aisladores sísmicos y la misma con implementación del sistema de disipación de energía SLB (Shear Link Bozzo). Los resultados analizados, para cada técnica estudiada de control antisísmico, son: derivas de entrepiso, aceleraciones de piso, balance energético y análisis de rotulas plásticas, en base a la filosofía de funcionalidad continua.
This article consists of analyzing a new high-tech anti-seismic control alternative for the construction of hospitals in Peru, which in its regulations requires the use of base insulation for essential buildings. For this, the structural evaluation of a building constructed with seismic isolators is chosen and the same with the implementation of the SLB (Shear Link Bozzo) energy dissipation system. The results analyzed for each anti-seismic control technique studied are: mezzanine drifts, floor accelerations, energy balance and analysis of plastic hinges, based on the philosophy of continuous functionality.
Trabajo de investigación

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Yousefzadeh, Behrooz. "Wave transmission in finite dissipative nonlinear periodic structures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/60166.

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Spatially periodic structures exhibit intriguing dynamic characteristics, contributing to their growing applications as phononic crystals, acoustic metamaterials and lightweight lattice materials. A striking feature, employed in many engineering applications, is their filtering effect, whereby waves can propagate only in specific frequency intervals known as pass bands. Other frequency components (stop bands) are spatially attenuated as they propagate through the structure. This thesis studies nonlinear wave transmission in periodic structures of finite extent in the presence of dissipative forces and externally induced nonlinear forces. Perfectly periodic structures with identical units are considered, as well as nearly periodic structures with small deviations from periodicity extended throughout the structure. At high amplitudes of motion, nonlinear forces gain significance, generating qualitatively new dynamic phenomena such as supratransmission. Supratransmission is an instability-driven transmission mechanism that occurs when a periodic structure is driven harmonically at one end with a frequency within its stop band. The ensuing enhanced transmission contrasts the vibration isolation characteristic of the same structure operating in the linear regime. In the context of engineering applications, three factors play a significant role: dissipative forces, symmetry-breaking imperfections induced by manufacturing constraints (disorder) and the finite size of the structure. This thesis systematically investigates the influence of these parameters on supratransmission in a one-dimensional periodic structure, studying the competition between the effects of dispersion, dissipation, nonlinearity and disorder-borne wave localization (Anderson localization). We identify the mechanism underlying supratransmission using direct numerical simulations and numerical continuation. Based on this insight, we obtain analytical expressions for the onset of supratransmission for weakly coupled structures using asymptotic analysis. Particularly, we highlight the non-trivial effects of damping on supratransmission in finite structures. We demonstrate that, regardless of the type of nonlinearity, dissipative forces can delay the onset of supratransmission, and high levels of damping can eliminate it. Given that the spectral contents of transmitted energies fall within the pass band, we expect a competition between supratransmission and Anderson localization. Using direct numerical simulations and continuation techniques, we demonstrate that disorder reduces the transmitted wave energy in the ensemble-average sense. However, the average force threshold required to trigger supratransmission remains unchanged.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Graduate

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Sendanayake, Sukhi Vanessa. "Seismic mitigation of steel modular buildings using novel inter-modular connections." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/180893/1/Sukhi%20Vanessa_Sendanayake_Thesis.pdf.

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This research proposes novel inter-modular connections to enable the safe and reliable performance of modular building structures under seismic actions. The proposed connections are designed to shift possible failure locations away from critical structural members to provide effective seismic mitigation. Ultimately, this would result in a purely modular building frame that would be capable of resisting gravity and lateral loads without supplementary concrete shear cores or walls.

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Rolt, Kenneth D. "A dissipative wave packet approach for unified nonlinear acoustics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28080.

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Mertens, Christopher J. "Many-body theory of dissipative quantum optical systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30316.

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Kozyreff, Gregory. "Nonlinear aspects of the dynamics induced by dissipative light-matter interaction." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211644.

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Dans cette thèse, nous avons appliqué les outils modernes de la théorie des systèmes dynamiques à l'étude des lasers. Le but de ce travail était de mieux comprendre les sources cohérentes existantes en vue de les améliorer et de proposer de nouveaux mécanismes d'amplification lumineuse.

Motivé par de récentes expériences menées sur des lasers miniatures avec absorbant saturable, nous en avons repris la description théorique. Les nouvelles valeurs de paramètres suggérées par l'expérience nous ont amenés à découvrir de nouveaux comportements dynamiques pour ces systèmes. En particulier, nous avons décrit comment l'intensité délivrée par ces lasers devenait temporellement sinusoïdale, puis impulsionnelle sur un très petit intervalle de paramètres.

Par la connaissance acquise du laser à absorbant saturable, nous avons pu comprendre comment s'établissait un régime impulsionnel semblable dans un autre laser. Il s'agissait du laser multimode à pompage longitudinalement inhomogène. Il est apparu en effet qu'une partie du milieu emprisonné dans la cavité optique agissait à la manière d'un absorbant saturable, déstabilisant ainsi l'émission continue de ce laser. Nous avons également montré que, dans certaines circonstances, son état dynamique présentait des effets de mémoire. Une autre propriété importante de la dynamique du laser multimode a été mise en évidence: pour de petites perturbations, l'intensité totale présente un comportement plus régulier que les intensités modales prises séparément.

Ce type intrigant d'auto organisation fut rencontré plus tard, lorsque nous avons envisagé la dynamique d'un réseau de lasers à semi conducteur couplés par un feedback optique. Le retard accumulé par la lumière au cours de ce feedback est un paramètre essentiel du problème. Ce système important sur le plan technologique s'est révélé extrêmement riche sur le plan dynamique. Nous avons pu montrer que plus le retard était grand, plus les lasers avaient tendance à se synchroniser. Cela fut observé aussi bien en régime continu qu'en régime périodique ou chaotique. Par une telle synchronisation, la qualité du rayon optique émis par le réseau de lasers augmente spectaculairement, élargissant par là ses possibilités d'application.

Au début des années 1990, les physiciens commencèrent à étudier systématiquement les effets d'interférence quantique dans l'interaction lumière matière. Ceci faisait suite à l'annonce fracassante que de tels effets devaient permettre de construire des lasers sans inversion de population. Récemment, une série d'expériences a montré que de telles interférences quantiques étaient à l’œuvre dans le laser miniature LNP. Une partie de cette thèse y fut consacrée. Nous avons montré que le comportement dynamique observé résultait d'un renforcement quantique de l'absorption stimulée par les niveaux énergétiques inférieurs.

Nous avons poursuivi notre étude des effets d'interférence quantique sur un schéma électronucléaire. Nous avons montré que pour ce système, un rayon gamma peut être amplifié sans inversion de population. Ce résultat est très important, compte tenu du fait qu'une telle inversion est techniquement impossible à réaliser pour ces très hautes fréquences électromagnétiques, empêchant jusqu'ici la réalisation de lasers gamma. Afin d'atteindre l'amplification sans inversion, un rayonnement d'appoint dans le domaine optique s'avère nécessaire. Tenant compte de la décroissance de ce champ optique en cours de propagation, et donc de la diminution des effets quantiques associés, nous avons déterminé une distance optimale de propagation. Au-delà de cette distance, l'amplification se mue en absorption. Une telle information est dès lors cruciale sur le plan expérimental.

Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Feng, Bao-Feng. "Numerical Studies on Nonlinear Dispersive Waves in Unstable and Dissipative Systems." Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180968.

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26

Tokuda, Hidekazu. "Dynamics of nonlinear dissipative traveling waves under feedback and external forcing." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136751.

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27

Gustave, François. "Dynamique de phase et solitons dissipatifs dans des lasers à semiconducteurs." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4003/document.

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Les solitons dissipatifs (SD) sont des paquets d'onde auto-localisés qui apparaissent dans les systèmes dissipatifs spatialement étendus. En optique, tous les SD observés jusqu'à présent dans des systèmes propagatifs peuvent être classés en deux catégories, suivant la présence ou non d'un forçage externe, i.e. si la symétrie de phase est brisée ou non. Dans les systèmes forcés, les DS sont accrochés en phase au forçage alors que sans forçage, leur phase est libre et peu dériver en fonction du temps. Dans cette thèse nous étudions la formation d'états localisés propagatifs dans deux systèmes expérimentaux qui diffèrent fondamentalement par la présence ou l'absence d'un forçage externe. Le premier système est un laser à semiconducteur à cavité verticale (VCSEL) soumis à une boucle de rétro-action sélective en fréquence, qui accueille des DS se formant dans la dimension transverse à la propagation (2D). Nous analysons comment la synchronisation des fréquences longitudinales du système (verrouillage modal) peut mener à la formation d'un état localisé dans les trois dimensions : balles de lumière. Le deuxième système est un laser en anneau à semi-conducteur fortement multimode le long de la propagation, et forcé par une injection externe. Lorsque le forçage est légèrement désaccordé de la fréquence naturelle du système, il est possible d'observer des états localisés constitués par un tour de phase de 2 pi, immergés dans l'état homogène (synchronisé). Nous reportons ainsi la première observation de SD qui se forment dans la phase de l'onde optique : solitons de phase dissipatifs
Dissipative solitons (DS) are self-localized wave-packets appearing in spatially extended dissipative systems. In optics, all the DS that have been observed in propagative systems can be cast in two categories, depending on the presence or absence of an external forcing, i.e. the phase symmetry is broken or not. In forced systems, DS are locked in phase to forcing whereas without forcing, their phase is free an can wander in the course of time. In this thesis, we study the formation of propagative DS in two different experimental systems that fundamentally differ from the presence or lack of an external forcing. The first one is a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) submitted to a frequency selective feedback, in which DS form in the transverse plane of the system (2D). We analyze how the synchronization of the longitudinal frequencies (mode-locking) can give rise to tri-dimensionnal localization of light: light bullets. The second system is a highly multimode semiconductor ring laser with external forcing, whose spatial extension takes place along the propagation dimension. When the forcing frequency is slightly detuned from the natural frequency of the system, we can see the appearance of self-confined 2 pi phase rotations embedded in a homogeneous (synchronized) state. We then report on the first observation of DS that form in the phase of the optical wave : dissipative phase solitons

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Chudoung, Jerawan. "Robust Control for Hybrid, Nonlinear Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26983.

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We develop the robust control theories of stopping-time nonlinear systems and switching-control nonlinear systems. We formulate a robust optimal stopping-time control problem for a state-space nonlinear system and give the connection between various notions of lower value function for the associated game (and storage function for the associated dissipative system) with solutions of the appropriate variational inequality (VI). We show that the stopping-time rule can be obtained by solving the VI in the viscosity sense. It also happens that a positive definite supersolution of the VI can be used for stability analysis. We also show how to solve the VI for some prototype examples with one-dimensional state space. For the robust optimal switching-control problem, we establish the Dynamic Programming Principle (DPP) for the lower value function of the associated game and employ it to derive the appropriate system of quasivariational inequalities (SQVI) for the lower value vector function. Moreover we formulate the problem in the L₂-gain/dissipative system framework. We show that, under appropriate assumptions, continuous switching-storage (vector) functions are characterized as viscosity supersolutions of the SQVI, and that the minimal such storage function is equal to the lower value function for the game. We show that the control strategy achieving the dissipative inequality is obtained by solving the SQVI in the viscosity sense; in fact this solution is also used to address stability analysis of the switching system. In addition we prove the comparison principle between a viscosity subsolution and a viscosity supersolution of the SQVI satisfying a boundary condition and use it to give an alternative derivation of the characterization of the lower value function. Finally we solve the SQVI for a simple one-dimensional example by a direct geometric construction.
Ph. D.

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29

Sakurai, Atsunori. "Exploring Nonlinear Responses of Quantum Dissipative Systems from Reduced Hierarchy Equations of Motion Approach." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/179368.

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Thomas, Roland. "L'instabilité modulationnelle en présence de vent et d'un courant cisaillé uniforme." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716089.

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Cette thèse étudie l'influence du vent sur l'instabilité modulationnelle. Une première partie unifie les travaux de Segur et al. qui intègrent la dissipation et ceux de Leblanc qui prennent en compte le vent. Une équation non linéaire de Schrödinger est établie avec un terme additionnel linéaire résultant de la compétition entre le vent et la dissipation. La dissipation est traduite par le modèle de Lundgren et l'effet du vent se manifeste par l'intermédiaire de la pression atmosphérique selon le modèle de Miles. La profondeur est finie. Une étude de stabilité de l'onde de Stokes est détaillée, et des simulations numériques sont menées pour illustrer les résultats. Des expérimentations sont menées pour apporter une validation qualitative à ces travaux. Cette première partie a été validée par une publication au Journal of Fluid Mechanics~(2010). La deuxième partie étudie l'influence du vent sur l'instabilité modulationnelle par l'intermédiaire de la vorticité qu'il crée en surface. Le modèle est simplifié par l'hypothèse d'un écoulement unidirectionnel et d'une vorticité constante. La profondeur est encore supposée finie. Une équation non linéaire de Schrödinger est établie, qui prend en compte cette vorticité constante. La stabilité de l'onde de Stokes est alors étudiée en détail (diagramme d'instabilité en fonction de la vorticité et de la profondeur, bande d'instabilité, taux d'instabilité, etc.). Il est démontré qu'une vorticité négative, au delà d'un certain seuil, supprime l'instabilité modulationnelle indépendamment de la profondeur. Cette deuxième partie a été soumise pour publication au journal Physics of Fluids.

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Jeambrun, Denis. "Propagation d'une onde de cisaillement en milieu non linéaire dissipatif." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00755781.

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Le dimensionnement d'ouvrages importants, comme les centrales nucléaires sous sollicitations vibratoires ou sismiques, requiert l'étude du comportement des sols de fondation sous l'effet de chargements dynamiques intenses. Dans le but de mieux connaître les phénomènes d'amortissement du sol, un code de calcul capable de simuler la propagation d'une onde sismique de cisaillement dans un milieu dissipatif a été développé. Ce programme, fondé sur un modèle non linéaire hystérétique utilisant les algorithmes de Newmark-Wilson, Newton-Raphson et une discrétisation spatiale à pas variables, s'affranchit des difficultés liées aux discontinuités accéléromètriques. Ces simulations pourraient permettre l'identification des paramètres du sol par comparaison avec des mesures in situ.

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Pesch, Matthias. "Formation and properties of a discrete family of dissipative solutions in a nonlinear optical system." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983669546.

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Gütlich, Björn. "Control of nonlinear optical structures from the guiding of dissipative solitons to spatio-temporal synchronisation." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016214833&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Macias, Diaz Jorge. "A Numerical Method for Computing Radially Symmetric Solutions of a Dissipative Nonlinear Modified Klein-Gordon Equation." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/167.

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In this paper we develop a finite-difference scheme to approximate radially symmetric solutions of a dissipative nonlinear modified Klein-Gordon equation in an open sphere around the origin, with constant internal and external damping coefficients and nonlinear term of the form G' (w) = w ^p, with p an odd number greater than 1. We prove that our scheme is consistent of quadratic order, and provide a necessary condition for it to be stable order n. Part of our study will be devoted to study the effects of internal and external damping.

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35

Semaan, Georges. "Soliton dynamics in fiber lasers : from dissipative soliton to dissipative soliton resonance." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0029/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions expérimentalement la génération d'impulsions carrées très énergétiques et accordable à l’échelle nanosecondes et d'impulsions ultracourtes à haute puissance moyenne de sortie dans les lasers à fibre utilisant les nanomatériaux comme absorbant saturable. Tout d'abord, puisque la dynamique des impulsions est dominée par l'interaction de la non linéarité et de la dispersion chromatique cubique de la fibre avec un mécanisme de discrimination d'intensité appelé absorbant saturable, la stabilité d'une distribution harmonique en mode verrouillé est étudiée par injection externe d'une onde continue.Enfin, nous avons utilisés des absorbant saturable à base de nanomatériaux déposés sur des tapers optiques dans les lasers à fibre pour générer des impulsions ultracourtes avec une puissance de sortie moyenne élevée
In this thesis, we investigate experimentally the generation of high energy nanosecond tunable square pulses and high output power ultrashort pulses in fiber lasers. First, since pulse dynamics are dominated by the interaction of the fiber's cubic Kerr nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion with an intensity-discriminating mechanism referred to as a saturable absorber, the stability of a harmonic mode-locked distribution is studied by external injection of a continuous wave. Finally, we implemented nanomaterial based saturable absorbers in fiber laser configuration to generate ultrashort pulses with high average output power. Different techniques of achieving such components are explicitly detailed: ultrashort pulse generation in ring cavities where graphene and topological insulators are deposited on optical tapers to form a saturable absorber

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Djaferi, Berat. "Insertion of Dissipative Devices in Precast RC Structures." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9066/.

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Viscous dampers are characterized as very effective devices applied for seismic design and retrofitting. The objective of this thesis is to apply the Five-Step Procedure ,developed by a research group in University of Bologna, for sizing the viscous dampers to be installed in an existing precast RC structure. The idea is to apply the viscous damping devices in different positions in the structure then to identify and compare the performance of all types placement position.

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Mancas, Ciprian. "DISSIPATIVE SOLITONS IN THE CUBIC–QUINTIC COMPLEX GINZBURG–LANDAU EQUATION:BIFURCATIONS AND SPATIOTEMPORAL STRUCTURE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2912.

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Comprehensive numerical simulations (reviewed in Dissipative Solitons, Akhmediev and Ankiewicz (Eds.), Springer, Berlin, 2005) of pulse solutions of the cubic--quintic Ginzburg--Landau equation (CGLE), a canonical equation governing the weakly nonlinear behavior of dissipative systems in a wide variety of disciplines, reveal various intriguing and entirely novel classes of solutions. In particular, there are five new classes of pulse or solitary waves solutions, viz. pulsating, creeping, snake, erupting, and chaotic solitons. In contrast to the regular solitary waves investigated in numerous integrable and non--integrable systems over the last three decades, these dissipative solitons are not stationary in time. Rather, they are spatially confined pulse--type structures whose envelopes exhibit complicated temporal dynamics. The numerical simulations also reveal very interesting bifurcations sequences of these pulses as the parameters of the CGLE are varied. In this dissertation, we develop a theoretical framework for these novel classes of solutions. In the first part, we use a traveling wave reduction or a so--called spatial approximation to comprehensively investigate the bifurcations of plane wave and periodic solutions of the CGLE. The primary tools used here are Singularity Theory and Hopf bifurcation theory respectively. Generalized and degenerate Hopf bifurcations have also been considered to track the emergence of global structure such as homoclinic orbits. However, these results appear difficult to correlate to the numerical bifurcation sequences of the dissipative solitons. In the second part of this dissertation, we shift gears to focus on the issues of central interest in the area, i.e., the conditions for the occurrence of the five categories of dissipative solitons, as well the dependence of both their shape and their stability on the various parameters of the CGLE, viz. the nonlinearity, dispersion, linear and nonlinear gain, loss and spectral filtering parameters. Our predictions on the variation of the soliton amplitudes, widths and periods with the CGLE parameters agree with simulation results. For this part, we develop and discuss a variational formalism within which to explore the various classes of dissipative solitons. Given the complex dynamics of the various dissipative solutions, this formulation is, of necessity, significantly generalized over all earlier approaches in several crucial ways. Firstly, the two alternative starting formulations for the Lagrangian are recent and not well explored. Also, after extensive discussions with David Kaup, the trial functions have been generalized considerably over conventional ones to keep the shape relatively simple (and the trial function integrable!) while allowing arbitrary temporal variation of the amplitude, width, position, speed and phase of the pulses. In addition, the resulting Euler--Lagrange equations are treated in a completely novel way. Rather than consider the stable fixed points which correspond to the well--known stationary solitons or plain pulses, we use dynamical systems theory to focus on more complex attractors viz. periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic ones. Periodic evolution of the trial function parameters on stable periodic attractors constructed via the method of multiple scales yield solitons whose amplitudes are non--stationary or time dependent. In particular, pulsating, snake (and, less easily, creeping) dissipative solitons may be treated in this manner. Detailed results are presented here for the pulsating solitary waves --- their regimes of occurrence, bifurcations, and the parameter dependences of the amplitudes, widths, and periods agree with simulation results. Finally, we elucidate the Hopf bifurcation mechanism responsible for the various pulsating solitary waves, as well as its absence in Hamiltonian and integrable systems where such structures are absent. Results will be presented for the pulsating and snake soliton cases. Chaotic evolution of the trial function parameters in chaotic regimes identified using dynamical systems analysis would yield chaotic solitary waves. The method also holds promise for detailed modeling of chaotic solitons as well. This overall approach fails only to address the fifth class of dissipative solitons, viz. the exploding or erupting solitons.
Ph.D.
Department of Mathematics
Sciences
Mathematics PhD

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Beenken, Wichard Johann Daniel. "Theory of nonlinear polarization spectroscopy in the frequency domain (NLPF) with applications to photosynthetic antennae." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970522789.

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39

Besse, Valentin. "Dynamique spatiale de la lumière et saturation de l’effet Kerr." Thesis, Angers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ANGE0030/document.

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Nous présentons une étude de la dynamique de la lumière et des mesures des caractéristiques non-linéaires optiques dans le disulfure de carbone.Dans la première partie, nous calculons dans le cadre d’un modèle classique des expressions des susceptibilités non-linéaires jusqu’au cinquième ordre, en tenant compte des corrections de champ local. Nous formulons diﬀérentes hypothèses que nous conﬁrmons ou inﬁrmons par la mesure des indices d’absorption et de réfraction non-linéaires. Celles-ci sont obtenues en combinant deux méthodes de caractérisation des non-linéarités au sein d’un système 4fd’imagerie. L’analyse des données expérimentales utilise une méthode nouvellement développée, qui consiste à inverser numériquement, par la méthode de Newton, les solutions analytiques des équations diﬀérentielles qui décrivent l’évolution du faisceau.Dans la deuxième partie, nous observons la ﬁlamentation d’un faisceau laser à la longueur d’onde de 532 nm et en régime picoseconde. Puis nous procédons à la mesure de l’indice de réfraction non-linéaire eﬀectif du troisième ordre n2,eﬀ en fonction de l’intensité incidente. Par un ajustement de la courbe de saturation de l’eﬀet Kerr,nous développons un nouveau modèle. La résolution numérique de celui-ci reproduit la ﬁlamentation observée.La dernière partie est consacrée à l’étude de la dynamique des solitons dissipatifs au sein de milieux à gains et pertes non-linéaires. La résolution numérique de l’équation complexe de Ginzburg-Landau cubique-quintique est réalisée suivant diﬀérentes conﬁgurations :soliton fondamental, dipôle, quadrupôle,vortex carré et rhombique
We present a study of light dynamics and measurements of the nonlinear optical characteristics of carbon disulphide. In the ﬁrst part, we calculate using the classical model, the nonlinear susceptibilities up to the ﬁfth order taking into account local ﬁeld corrections. We express diﬀerent assumptions that we conﬁrm or refute by measuring the nonlinear absorption coeﬃcient and the nonlinear refractive index. The measurements are performed by means of two nonlinear characterization methods combined with an imaging 4f system. We analyse the experimental data using a newly developed method which numerically inverts the analytical solutions of the diﬀerential equations which describe the evolution of the beam, using Newton’s method. In the second part, we observe light ﬁlamentation at wavelength 532 nm, in the picoseconds regime. Then we measure the eﬀective third order nonlinear refractive index n2,eﬀ versus the incident intensity. By ﬁtting the curve of the Kerr eﬀect saturation, we develop a new model. Numerically solving this model, allows us to reproducethe experimentally observed ﬁlamentation. The last part is dedicated to the study of dissipative solitons dynamics. The complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with cubic-quintic nonlineraties is numerically solved in various conﬁgurations : soliton fundamental dipole, quadrupole, vortex and square rhombic

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Rimoldi, Cristina. "Événements extrêmes dans des cavités optiques non linéaires étendues." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4095/document.

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Les événements extrêmes sont des phénomènes, souvent considérés catastrophiques, qui se produisent dans la queue d'une distribution généralement en s'écartant d'une décroissance attendue exponentielle. En optique, ces événements ont été étudié dans le contexte des fibres, où ils ont été amplement analysés, comme des vagues scélérates, par analogie bien connue entre l'optique et l'hydrodynamique à travers l'équation de Schroedinger non linéaire. Avec le développement et l'élargissement du domaine, l'étude des événements extrêmes a été étendue à des systèmes dissipatifs avec ou sans degrés spatiaux de liberté.Dans cette thèse on se concentre sur l'étude des événements extrêmes dans trois différents types de systèmes optiques actifs et dissipatifs, présentant chacun un ou deux degrés spatiales de liberté, soit dans le plan transversal (perpendiculaire à la direction de propagation de la lumière) soit dans la direction de propagation. Des structures localisées de nature différente constituent une solution possible importante dans chacun des systèmes étudiés ; leurs interactions autant que leurs rôles dans la formation des événements extrêmes ont donc été analysés en détails. Dans le premier système, un laser à semiconducteur monolithique (VCSEL) à large surface avec un absorbant saturable, on présente la formation d'événements extrêmes dans le plan transversal à deux dimensions de l'intensité du champ électrique. En particulier, on met en évidence la liaison entre ces objets et les solitons de cavité, soit stationnaires soit oscillatoires, aussi présents dans le système. Dans le deuxième système, un laser multimodal spatialement étendu dans la direction de propagation avec injection optique, on analyse l'interaction et la fusion des solitons de phase, des structures localisées qui se propagent dans la cavité en transportant une rotation de phase de 2π. Les événements extrêmes ont été étudié dans deux configurations : une première où ils émergent de la collision des solitons de phase avec des autres structures transitoires transportant une charge chirale négative, et une deuxième où des événements d'intensité élevée émergent d'un régime instable de motif en rouleau où les solitons de cavité ne sont pas des solutions stables. Dans les deux systèmes, on examine le rôle de la chiralité dans la formation des événements extrêmes. Dans le troisième système, un laser à semi-conducteur avec injection optique, on étudie dans les détails l'interaction des solitons de cavité dans le plan transversal, décrits comme deux particules soumises à un potentiel d'interaction décroissant exponentiellement avec la distance entre les deux objets : une analogie possible avec les matériaux hydrophobes a été proposée. Des résultats préliminaires présentant des événements extrêmes spatiotemporels dans ce système sont aussi donnés
Extreme events are phenomena, often considered as catastrophic, that occur in the tail of a distribution usually deviating from an expected, exponential decay. In optics, these events were first studied in the context of fibers, where they have been extensively analyzed, as optical rogue waves, in light of the well known analogy between optics and hydrodynamics, through the nonlinear Schroedinger equation. With the development and the broadening of the field, extreme events have been also studied in dissipative optical systems with or without spatial degrees of freedom. In this Thesis we focused on the study of extreme events in three different active and dissipative optical systems, each presenting one or two spatial degrees of freedom, either in the transverse plane, perpendicular to the direction of propagation of light, or in the propagation direction. Localized structures of different nature represent an important possible solution in each one of the systems here studied, hence their interaction and the role played in the formation of extreme events have been also investigated into details. In the first system, a monolithic broad-area semiconductor laser (VCSEL) with an intracavity saturable absorber, we report on the occurrence of extreme events in the 2D transverse plane of the electric field intensity. In particular we highlight the connection between these objects and cavity solitons, both stationary and oscillatory, also present in the system. In the second system, a highly multimode laser with optical injection spatially extended along the propagation direction, we analyze the interaction and merging of phase solitons, localized structures propagating along the cavity carrying a 2π phase rotation. Extreme events have been investigated in two configurations: a first one where they emerge from the collision of phase solitons with other transient structures carrying a negative chiral charge, and a second one where high-peak events emerge from an unstable roll regime where phase solitons are not a stable solution. In both these systems we investigate the role of chirality in the extreme event formation. In the third system, a broad-area semiconductor laser (VCSEL) with optical injection, we study into details the interaction of cavity solitons in the transverse plane, described as two particles subjected to an interaction potential exponentially decreasing with the distance between the two objects: a possible analogy with hydrophobic materials is here suggested. Some preliminary results showing spatiotemporal extreme events in this system are also given

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Lapre, Coraline. "Caractérisation des régimes de stabilité et instabilité des lasers à soliton dissipatif avec dynamiques soliton-similariton et régénération Mamyshev." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD053.

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Les lasers ultrarapides produisant des impulsions picosecondes et sub-picosecondes sont connus pour présenter un riche éventail de dynamiques non linéaires qui sont d'un grand intérêt tant du point de vue fondamental qu'appliqué. Bien que les instabilités dans les lasers ultrarapides aient été étudiées depuis plusieurs décennies, le développement récent de techniques de mesure avancées a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives dans leur analyse. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une étude expérimentale des régimes de dynamiques complexes appliquée à deux différentes classes de lasers à fibre impulsionnels fonctionnant autour de 1550 nm : un laser soliton-similariton, et un oscillateur de Mamyshev. Dans les deux cas lors du régime stable, notre caractérisation se base sur la technique d'autocorrélation résolue en fréquence (FROG) qui fournit l’accès aux mesures complètes de l'intensité et du chirp. En présence d’instabilités, nous appliquons la technique de transformée de Fourier dispersive qui nous permet d’enregistrer en temps réel les fluctuations spectrales tour par tour. Pour le laser soliton-similariton, le fonctionnement stable est associé à des impulsions de 7 à 10 ps de largeur spectrale de 30 nm et de puissance de sortie moyenne de 0,32 mW à 9,5 MHz. Les instabilités observées dans le laser à soliton-similariton comprennent des molécules solitons, de l'intermittence complexe, et des états multi-impulsionnels. Pour l'oscillateur de Mamyshev, le fonctionnement stable est associé à des impulsions de 3 à 5 ps de largeur spectrale de 90 à 100 nm et à une puissance de sortie moyenne de ~4 mW à 6,37 MHz. Nous présentons également des résultats sur la caractérisation du régime "noise-like pulse" avec l'ajout d'une fibre hautement non linéaire dans la cavité soliton-similariton associé à un spectre large bande couvrant 1000 nm. En plus de présenter une série de résultats expérimentaux, des simulations numériques ont également été utilisées afin de faciliter la compréhension du fonctionnement des systèmes étudiés
Modelocked ultrafast lasers producing picosecond and sub-picosecond pulses are well known to exhibit a very rich landscape of nonlinear dynamics that are of tremendous interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives. Although such instabilities from ultrafast laser have been studied for many decades, the recent development of advanced photonic measurement techniques has opened up new perspectives into their analysis. In this thesis, we report a detailed experimental study of the complex dynamical regimes of two different optical fibre laser systems operating around 1550 nm: a soliton-similariton laser, and a Mamyshev oscillator. In both cases, we use the time-frequency technique of frequency resolved optical gating for complete intensity and chirp characterisation in stable regimes of operation, and the real-time dispersive Fourier transform method to characterize shot-to-shot spectral fluctuations. For the particular case of the soliton-similariton laser, stable operation yields from 7 to 10 ps pulses of 30~nm spectral width and 0,32 mW average output power at 9,5 MHz. Instabilities seen in the soliton-similariton laser include novel startup, the generation of coupled soliton molecules, the emergence of complex intermittence and chaos, and the appearance of multipulse states. For the case of the Mamyshev oscillator, stable operation yields from 3 to 5 ps pulses of 90 à 100 nm spectral width and ~4 mW average output power at 6,37 MHz. We also present results on the characterization of the Noise-Like Pulse regime of the soliton-similariton laser with the addition of highly nonlinear fiber in the cavity, which generates broadband output spanning 1000 nm. As well as presenting a range of experimental results, numerical simulations are used to gain insight into the operation of the laser systems studied

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Friedrich, Benjamin M. "Nonlinear dynamics and fluctuations in biological systems." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234307.

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The present habilitation thesis in theoretical biological physics addresses two central dynamical processes in cells and organisms: (i) active motility and motility control and (ii) self-organized pattern formation. The unifying theme is the nonlinear dynamics of biological function and its robustness in the presence of strong fluctuations, structural variations, and external perturbations. We theoretically investigate motility control at the cellular scale, using cilia and flagella as ideal model system. Cilia and flagella are highly conserved slender cell appendages that exhibit spontaneous bending waves. This flagellar beat represents a prime example of a chemo-mechanical oscillator, which is driven by the collective dynamics of molecular motors inside the flagellar axoneme. We study the nonlinear dynamics of flagellar swimming, steering, and synchronization, which encompasses shape control of the flagellar beat by chemical signals and mechanical forces. Mechanical forces can synchronize collections of flagella to beat at a common frequency, despite active motor noise that tends to randomize flagellar synchrony. In Chapter 2, we present a new physical mechanism for flagellar synchronization by mechanical self-stabilization that applies to free-swimming flagellated cells. This new mechanism is independent of direct hydrodynamic interactions between flagella. Comparison with experimental data provided by experimental collaboration partners in the laboratory of J. Howard (Yale, New Haven) confirmed our new mechanism in the model organism of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas. Further, we characterize the beating flagellum as a noisy oscillator. Using a minimal model of collective motor dynamics, we argue that measured non-equilibrium fluctuations of the flagellar beat result from stochastic motor dynamics at the molecular scale. Noise and mechanical coupling are antagonists for flagellar synchronization. In addition to the control of the flagellar beat by mechanical forces, we study the control of the flagellar beat by chemical signals in the context of sperm chemotaxis. We characterize a fundamental paradigm for navigation in external concentration gradients that relies on active swimming along helical paths. In this helical chemotaxis, the direction of a spatial concentration gradient becomes encoded in the phase of an oscillatory chemical signal. Helical chemotaxis represents a distinct gradient-sensing strategy, which is different from bacterial chemotaxis. Helical chemotaxis is employed, for example, by sperm cells from marine invertebrates with external fertilization. We present a theory of sensorimotor control, which combines hydrodynamic simulations of chiral flagellar swimming with a dynamic regulation of flagellar beat shape in response to chemical signals perceived by the cell. Our theory is compared to three-dimensional tracking experiments of sperm chemotaxis performed by the laboratory of U. B. Kaupp (CAESAR, Bonn). In addition to motility control, we investigate in Chapter 3 self-organized pattern formation in two selected biological systems at the cell and organism scale, respectively. On the cellular scale, we present a minimal physical mechanism for the spontaneous self-assembly of periodic cytoskeletal patterns, as observed in myofibrils in striated muscle cells. This minimal mechanism relies on the interplay of a passive coarsening process of crosslinked actin clusters and active cytoskeletal forces. This mechanism of cytoskeletal pattern formation exemplifies how local interactions can generate large-scale spatial order in active systems. On the organism scale, we present an extension of Turing’s framework for self-organized pattern formation that is capable of a proportionate scaling of steady-state patterns with system size. This new mechanism does not require any pre-pattering clues and can restore proportional patterns in regeneration scenarios. We analytically derive the hierarchy of steady-state patterns and analyze their stability and basins of attraction. We demonstrate that this scaling mechanism is structurally robust. Applications to the growth and regeneration dynamics in flatworms are discussed (experiments by J. Rink, MPI CBG, Dresden)
Das Thema der vorliegenden Habilitationsschrift in Theoretischer Biologischer Physik ist die nichtlineare Dynamik funktionaler biologischer Systeme und deren Robustheit gegenüber Fluktuationen und äußeren Störungen. Wir entwickeln hierzu theoretische Beschreibungen für zwei grundlegende biologische Prozesse: (i) die zell-autonome Kontrolle aktiver Bewegung, sowie (ii) selbstorganisierte Musterbildung in Zellen und Organismen. In Kapitel 2, untersuchen wir Bewegungskontrolle auf zellulärer Ebene am Modelsystem von Zilien und Geißeln. Spontane Biegewellen dieser dünnen Zellfortsätze ermöglichen es eukaryotischen Zellen, in einer Flüssigkeit zu schwimmen. Wir beschreiben einen neuen physikalischen Mechanismus für die Synchronisation zweier schlagender Geißeln, unabhängig von direkten hydrodynamischen Wechselwirkungen. Der Vergleich mit experimentellen Daten, zur Verfügung gestellt von unseren experimentellen Kooperationspartnern im Labor von J. Howard (Yale, New Haven), bestätigt diesen neuen Mechanismus im Modellorganismus der einzelligen Grünalge Chlamydomonas. Der Gegenspieler dieser Synchronisation durch mechanische Kopplung sind Fluktuationen. Wir bestimmen erstmals Nichtgleichgewichts-Fluktuationen des Geißel-Schlags direkt, wofür wir eine neue Analyse-Methode der Grenzzykel-Rekonstruktion entwickeln. Die von uns gemessenen Fluktuationen entstehen mutmaßlich durch die stochastische Dynamik molekularen Motoren im Innern der Geißeln, welche auch den Geißelschlag antreiben. Um die statistische Physik dieser Nichtgleichgewichts-Fluktuationen zu verstehen, entwickeln wir eine analytische Theorie der Fluktuationen in einem minimalen Modell kollektiver Motor-Dynamik. Zusätzlich zur Regulation des Geißelschlags durch mechanische Kräfte untersuchen wir dessen Regulation durch chemische Signale am Modell der Chemotaxis von Spermien-Zellen. Dabei charakterisieren wir einen grundlegenden Mechanismus für die Navigation in externen Konzentrationsgradienten. Dieser Mechanismus beruht auf dem aktiven Schwimmen entlang von Spiralbahnen, wodurch ein räumlicher Konzentrationsgradient in der Phase eines oszillierenden chemischen Signals kodiert wird. Dieser Chemotaxis-Mechanismus unterscheidet sich grundlegend vom bekannten Chemotaxis-Mechanismus von Bakterien. Wir entwickeln eine Theorie der senso-motorischen Steuerung des Geißelschlags während der Spermien-Chemotaxis. Vorhersagen dieser Theorie werden durch Experimente der Gruppe von U.B. Kaupp (CAESAR, Bonn) quantitativ bestätigt. In Kapitel 3, untersuchen wir selbstorganisierte Strukturbildung in zwei ausgewählten biologischen Systemen. Auf zellulärer Ebene schlagen wir einen einfachen physikalischen Mechanismus vor für die spontane Selbstorganisation von periodischen Zellskelett-Strukturen, wie sie sich z.B. in den Myofibrillen gestreifter Muskelzellen finden. Dieser Mechanismus zeigt exemplarisch auf, wie allein durch lokale Wechselwirkungen räumliche Ordnung auf größeren Längenskalen in einem Nichtgleichgewichtssystem entstehen kann. Auf der Ebene des Organismus stellen wir eine Erweiterung der Turingschen Theorie für selbstorganisierte Musterbildung vor. Wir beschreiben eine neue Klasse von Musterbildungssystemen, welche selbst-organisierte Muster erzeugt, die mit der Systemgröße skalieren. Dieser neue Mechanismus erfordert weder eine vorgegebene Kompartimentalisierung des Systems noch spezielle Randbedingungen. Insbesondere kann dieser Mechanismus proportionale Muster wiederherstellen, wenn Teile des Systems amputiert werden. Wir bestimmen analytisch die Hierarchie aller stationären Muster und analysieren deren Stabilität und Einzugsgebiete. Damit können wir zeigen, dass dieser Skalierungs-Mechanismus strukturell robust ist bezüglich Variationen von Parametern und sogar funktionalen Beziehungen zwischen dynamischen Variablen. Zusammen mit Kollaborationspartnern im Labor von J. Rink (MPI CBG, Dresden) diskutieren wir Anwendungen auf das Wachstum von Plattwürmern und deren Regeneration in Amputations-Experimenten

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Golzan, Seyyed Behnam. "Simplified design method for energy dissipating devices in retrofitting of seismically isolated bridges." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8948.

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Abstract: Highway bridges have great values in a country because in case of any natural disaster they may serve as lines to save people’s lives. Being vulnerable under significant seismic loads, different methods can be considered to design resistant highway bridges and rehabilitate the existing ones. In this study, base isolation has been considered as one efficient method in this regards which in some cases reduces significantly the seismic load effects on the structure. By reducing the ductility demand on the structure without a notable increase of strength, the structure is designed to remain elastic under seismic loads. The problem associated with the isolated bridges, especially with elastomeric bearings, can be their excessive displacements under service and seismic loads. This can defy the purpose of using elastomeric bearings for small to medium span typical bridges where expansion joints and clearances may result in significant increase of initial and maintenance cost. Thus, supplementing the structure with dampers with some stiffness can serve as a solution which in turn, however, may increase the structure base shear. The main objective of this thesis is to provide a simplified method for the evaluation of optimal parameters for dampers in isolated bridges. Firstly, performing a parametric study, some directions are given for the use of simple isolation devices such as elastomeric bearings to rehabilitate existing bridges with high importance. Parameters like geometry of the bridge, code provisions and the type of soil on which the structure is constructed have been introduced to a typical two span bridge. It is concluded that the stiffness of the substructure, soil type and special provisions in the code can determine the employment of base isolation for retrofitting of bridges. Secondly, based on the elastic response coefficient of isolated bridges, a simplified design method of dampers for seismically isolated regular highway bridges has been presented in this study. By setting objectives for reduction of displacement and base shear variation, the required stiffness and damping of a hysteretic damper can be determined. By modelling a typical two span bridge, numerical analyses have followed to verify the effectiveness of the method. The method has been used to identify equivalent linear parameters and subsequently, nonlinear parameters of hysteretic damper for various designated scenarios of displacement and base shear requirements. Comparison of the results of the nonlinear numerical model without damper and with damper has shown that the method is sufficiently accurate. Finally, an innovative and simple hysteretic steel damper was designed. Five specimens were fabricated from two steel grades and were tested accompanying a real scale elastomeric isolator in the structural laboratory of the Université de Sherbrooke. The test procedure was to characterize the specimens by cyclic displacement controlled tests and subsequently to test them by real-time dynamic substructuring (RTDS) method. The test results were then used to establish a numerical model of the system which went through nonlinear time history analyses under several earthquakes. The outcome of the experimental and numerical showed an acceptable conformity with the simplified method.
Résumé: Les ponts routiers ont une grande valeur dans un pays parce qu’en cas de catastrophe naturelle, ils peuvent servir comme des lignes pour sauver des vies. Étant vulnérable sous des charges sismiques importantes, on peut considérer différentes méthodes pour concevoir des ponts routiers résistants et également pour réhabiliter des ponts existants. Dans cette étude, l'isolation de la base a été considérée comme une méthode efficace qui peut réduire significativement les effets des charges sismiques sur la structure. En réduisant la demande en ductilité sur la structure sans une augmentation notable de force, la structure est conçue pour rester élastique sous des charges sismiques. Le problème associé aux ponts isolés, particulièrement avec des appuis en élastomère, peut être leurs déplacements excessifs sous les charges de service et de séisme. Ceci peut défier l’objectif d'utiliser des appuis en élastomère pour les ponts typiques de petite portée où les joints de dilatation et les dégagements peuvent aboutir à une augmentation significative des frais d'exploitation et de maintenance. Ainsi, supplémenter la structure avec des amortisseurs d’une certaine rigidité peut servir de solution, ce qui peut cependant augmenter l’effort tranchant transmis à la sous-structure. Cette étude a pour but de fournir une méthode simplifiée afin d’évaluer les paramètres optimaux des amortisseurs dans les ponts isolés. Dans cette thèse, premièrement, basé sur une étude paramétrique, quelques directions sont données pour l'utilisation de dispositifs d'isolation simples, dont les appuis en élastomère, afin de réhabiliter des ponts existant avec une haute importance. Les paramètres comme la géométrie du pont, les clauses des normes et le type de sol sur lequel la structure est construite ont été appliqués sur un pont typique de deux portées. Il est conclu que les paramètres mentionnés peuvent déterminer l'emploi d'isolement de la base des ponts routiers. À la deuxième phase, basé sur le coefficient de réponse élastique des ponts isolés, une méthode de conception simplifiée d’amortisseur pour des ponts routiers réguliers isolés à la base a été présentée dans cette étude. En sélectionnant des objectifs pour la réduction du déplacement et la variation de l’effort tranchant, la rigidité et l'amortissement exigés d'un amortisseur hystérétique peuvent être déterminés. L’étude s’est poursuivie par une modélisation numérique d’un pont à deux portées pour vérifier l'efficacité de la méthode. Pour un modèle numérique d'un pont isolé typique, la méthode a été utilisée pour identifier des paramètres linéaires équivalents pour un certain déplacement et effort tranchant désigné. Par la suite, assumant un amortisseur de type hystérétique, les paramètres non linéaires de l’amortisseur ont été calculés et utilisés. La comparaison des résultats du modèle numérique sans amortisseur et avec l'amortisseur a démontré que la méthode proposée est suffisamment précise. Par la suite, un nouvel amortisseur hystérétique simple en acier a été conçu. Cinq spécimens ont été fabriqués de deux différents grades d’acier et ont été testés en combinaison avec un isolateur à l’échelle réelle dans le laboratoire de structures de l'Université de Sherbrooke. La procédure comprenait la caractérisation des spécimens par des tests cycliques en contrôle de déplacement et par la suite la réalisation d’essais par la méthode de sous-structuration dynamique en temps réel. Les résultats des essais ont été utilisés pour établir un modèle numérique du système qui a subi des analyses temporelles non linéaires sous plusieurs séismes. Le résultat des essais expérimentaux et numériques montrent une conformité acceptable avec la méthode simplifiée.

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Ben, braham Fatma. "Contribution à l’étude théorique et expérimentale d’un oscillateur laser fonctionnant en régime impulsionnel dans les bandes spectrales C et L." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0025.

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Ce travail de thèse concerne le développement d’un laser à fibre générant des impulsions rectangulaires très énergétiques et accordables à l’échelle du temps et des impulsions géantes à haute énergie. En premier temps,nous avons développé un modèle numérique pour étudier la génération des impulsions rectangulaires dans un laser à fibre en forme de huit à double amplificateur.L’objectif est de montrer l’impact de l’effet non linéaire induit par la fibre micro structurée sur le contrôle de la durée d’impulsion rectangulaire générée par le laser. Un ensemble de paramètres laser nous a permis ainsi de générer des impulsions rectangulaires à haute énergie dans le régime de la résonance du soliton dissipatif (DSR). En plus, plusieurs expériences ont été mises en place pour optimiser la génération de l’impulsion DSR en termes d’énergie et de durée.Toujours sur le plan expérimental, des impulsions géantes à haute énergie à partir du laser à fibre verrouillé en phase couplé à un retard optique ont été obtenues. Cela nous a permis de générer une large plage de durée d’impulsion à l'échelle de μs à taux de répétition faible dans des cavités utilisant des absorbants saturables artificiels
This work deals with the development of a fiber laser generating high energy and width tunable square pulses and high-energy giant pulses. First, we have developed a numerical model to study the generation of rectangular pulses in a double amplifier fiber laser. The objective is to study the impact of the non-linear effect induced by the microstructured optical fiber on the control of the square pulse duration. A set of laser parameters allowed us to generate high energy square pulses in the dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) regime. In addition, several experiments have been set up to optimize the generation of the DSR pulse in terms of energy and duration. Experimentally, high energy giant pulses from a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser coupled to a long external cavity are obtained. This allowed us to generate a wide range of pulse duration of μs at a low repetition rate in cavities using artificial saturable absorbers

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Bonis, Ioannis. "Optimisation and control methodologies for large-scale and multi-scale systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/optimisation-and-control-methodologies-for-largescale-and-multiscale-systems(6c4a4f13-ebae-4d9d-95b7-cca754968d47).html.

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Distributed parameter systems (DPS) comprise an important class of engineering systems ranging from "traditional" such as tubular reactors, to cutting edge processes such as nano-scale coatings. DPS have been studied extensively and significant advances have been noted, enabling their accurate simulation. To this end a variety of tools have been developed. However, extending these advances for systems design is not a trivial task . Rigorous design and operation policies entail systematic procedures for optimisation and control. These tasks are "upper-level" and utilize existing models and simulators. The higher the accuracy of the underlying models, the more the design procedure benefits. However, employing such models in the context of conventional algorithms may lead to inefficient formulations. The optimisation and control of DPS is a challenging task. These systems are typically discretised over a computational mesh, leading to large-scale problems. Handling the resulting large-scale systems may prove to be an intimidating task and requires special methodologies. Furthermore, it is often the case that the underlying physical phenomena span various temporal and spatial scales, thus complicating the analysis. Stiffness may also potentially be exhibited in the (nonlinear) models of such phenomena. The objective of this work is to design reliable and practical procedures for the optimisation and control of DPS. It has been observed in many systems of engineering interest that although they are described by infinite-dimensional Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) resulting in large discretisation problems, their behaviour has a finite number of significant components , as a result of their dissipative nature. This property has been exploited in various systematic model reduction techniques. Of key importance in this work is the identification of a low-dimensional dominant subspace for the system. This subspace is heuristically found to correspond to part of the eigenspectrum of the system and can therefore be identified efficiently using iterative matrix-free techniques. In this light, only low-dimensional Jacobians and Hessian matrices are involved in the formulation of the proposed algorithms, which are projections of the original matrices onto appropriate low-dimensional subspaces, computed efficiently with directional perturbations.The optimisation algorithm presented employs a 2-step projection scheme, firstly onto the dominant subspace of the system (corresponding to the right-most eigenvalues of the linearised system) and secondly onto the subspace of decision variables. This algorithm is inspired by reduced Hessian Sequential Quadratic Programming methods and therefore locates a local optimum of the nonlinear programming problem given by solving a sequence of reduced quadratic programming (QP) subproblems . This optimisation algorithm is appropriate for systems with a relatively small number of decision variables. Inequality constraints can be accommodated following a penalty-based strategy which aggregates all constraints using an appropriate function , or by employing a partial reduction technique in which only equality constraints are considered for the reduction and the inequalities are linearised and passed on to the QP subproblem . The control algorithm presented is based on the online adaptive construction of low-order linear models used in the context of a linear Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm , in which the discrete-time state-space model is recomputed at every sampling time in a receding horizon fashion. Successive linearisation around the current state on the closed-loop trajectory is combined with model reduction, resulting in an efficient procedure for the computation of reduced linearised models, projected onto the dominant subspace of the system. In this case, this subspace corresponds to the eigenvalues of largest magnitude of the discretised dynamical system. Control actions are computed from low-order QP problems solved efficiently online.The optimisation and control algorithms presented may employ input/output simulators (such as commercial packages) extending their use to upper-level tasks. They are also suitable for systems governed by microscopic rules, the equations of which do not exist in closed form. Illustrative case studies are presented, based on tubular reactor models, which exhibit rich parametric behaviour.

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Chouli, Souad. "Structures optiques dissipatives en cavité laser à fibre." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00692049.

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Cette thèse concerne l'étude de la dynamique des structures optiques dissipatives observées dans une cavité à gestion de dispersion utilisant l'évolution non linéaire de la polarisation comme technique de blocage de modes. Nous avons montré expérimentalement l'existence d'une transition graduelle entre le régime de fonctionnement continu et le régime de fonctionnement multi-impulsionnel. Nous nous sommes intéressés à l'état intermédiaire où il nous a été possible d'obtenir divers régimes inédits et d'étudier ainsi le comportement collectif des solitons dissipatifs en présence d'un fond continu. La dynamique de "la pluie de solitons" est une manifestation complexe et fascinante constituée de trois composantes de champ : le fond continu, les solitons de dérive et la phase condensée. Elle s'accompagne d'une circulation d'énergie à travers ces trois composantes. Le mouvement relatif des solitons de dérive ainsi que l'asymétrie temporelle présentent les caractéristiques majeures qui distinguent cette dynamique des autres. D'autres types d'auto-organisation ont été observés et étudiés, comme "le relargage des solitons de la phase condensée" ou bien encore "la vobulation du train de solitons". Nous nous sommes intéressés aussi à la propagation d'une seule impulsion dans la cavité. Pour la première fois, une importante dynamique de respiration spectrale a été prédite dans une cavité à gestion de la dispersion. Nous avons montré qu'une compression temporelle de l'impulsion est accompagnée d'un élargissement spectral d'une grande ampleur dans la partie passive de la cavité et que la largeur de l'impulsion peut dépasser la largeur de la bande passante du milieu amplificateur. Nous avons étudié la dynamique de la respiration spectrale, l'extraction et l'optimisation du signal laser en fonction des paramètres de la cavité et nous avons présenté les caractéristiques d'une cavité qui permet la génération d'une impulsion dont sa largeur spectrale est supérieure à la largeur de la bande passante de l'amplificateur d'un facteur de 2.4. Les dynamiques présentées dans cette thèse témoignent de la complexité et de la richesse de la dynamique dissipative des lasers à fibre fonctionnant en régime de blocage de modes passif par évolution non linéaire de la polarisation.

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47

Chou, Chi-Feng, and 鄒季峯. "Stick Model Nonlinear History Analysis and Damper Dissipation Evaluation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88893712935074527833.

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碩士
國立交通大學
土木工程系所
104
Today, elastic structural analysis is conducted for the design of structures without and with dampers in the industry. When earthquakes are small, analysis results may be acceptable. However, when earthquakes are severe enough, structures may exceed elastic limits. Analysis results may not be the same as expected and the design may not be conservative enough. Therefore, nonlinear behavior of structures without and with velocity- and displacement dampers is investigated through time-history analysis in this thesis. Capacity curve is obtained from nonlinear pushover analysis by using ETABS and nonlinear spring for each story is established from the relationship of story shear and inter-story displacement. In the nonlinear pushover analysis, default plastic hinges built in ETABS are adopted. The feasibility of the default plastic hinges is verified by the experimental results provided by the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering. Since it is very time-consuming to perform 3D nonlinear structural time-history analysis, the nonlinear structure is simplified to stick model. From the case analysis of a high-rise building, if the structure is assumed to be elastic, displacements are underestimated but absolute accelerations and base shear are overestimated compared with those obtained from nonlinear structural analysis. When velocity- or displacement-dependent dampers are added to the structure, elastic analysis overestimates the effect of dampers because energy dissipated by the structure is ignored. Moreover, the lateral displacement and lateral force demands of the dampers are underestimated. The effectiveness of the dampers cannot be as developed as expected. Therefore, nonlinear analysis is necessary for structures under earthquake loads.

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Yi-TengChang and 張益騰. "Evaluation of Soil Liquefaction Potential by Using Artificial Neural Network and Nonlinear Energy Dissipation Principle." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48801658667734863916.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
98
The soil liquefaction is always the important topics in the discipline of Geotechnical Engineering. Many methods related to evaluation of the potential of the soil liquefaction have been developed. However, the Simplified Empirical method the one that is much more common used both in academic and in practice. Since Nemat-Nasser and Shokooh in 1979 proposed the principle of relations between dissipation of seismic energy and the increment of pore water pressure during earthquake, the method on the basis of the seismic energy concept has become the mainstream on evaluation of the soil liquefaction potential. By referring the principle of the nonlinear energy dissipation that proposed by Berrill and Davis in 1985 and the liquefaction energy that calculated from the hysteresis loop obtained from the soil cyclic triaxial tests in laboratory, the neural network model is used in this study to simulate the liquefaction energy in field. The framework of the model is found by the auto trial and error process. And by associating with the statistical discriminant method, the critical line judging the occurrence of the soil liquefaction can be developed. With the 91% of success rate of the liquefaction assessment, the proposed neural network model is fair reasonable and suitable for the practice in geotechnical engineering.

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49

Chang, Wonkeun. "Dissipative solitons and their applications." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149593.

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50

Toundykov, Daniel. "Long-term dynamics of a semilinear wave equation with localized nonlinear dissipation, critical source term, and mixed boundary conditions /." 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3260672.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nonlinear dissipation'

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