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Journal articles on the topic 'Noninvasive diagnostic'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Tolkoff-Rubin, Nina E., Robert H. Rubin, and Joseph V. Bonventre. "Noninvasive Renal Diagnostic Studies." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 8, no. 3 (September 1988): 507–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-2712(18)30671-1.

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2

TSUGAWA, Ryotaro, Hideo UTSUNO, Shintaro NEMOTO, Hiroshi KATAYAMA, and Kanta KISHI. "Noninvasive diagnostic of Pulmonary hypertension." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2019.94 (2019): P047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2019.94.p047.

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TSUGAWA, Ryotaro, and Hideo UTSUNO. "Noninvasive diagnostic of Pulmonary hypertension." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2020.95 (2020): 05_513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2020.95.05_513.

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4

Maguire, Leo J. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques in Ophthalmology." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 66, no. 2 (February 1991): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60507-2.

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TSUGAWA, Ryotaro, Hideo UTSUNO, Shintaro NEMOTO, Hiroshi KATAYAMA, and Kanta KISHI. "Noninvasive diagnostic of Pulmonary hypertension." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2018 (2018): G1000904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.g1000904.

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6

Eliason, Joseph A. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques in Ophthalmology." American Journal of Ophthalmology 113, no. 5 (May 1992): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74753-1.

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7

Rao, Vijay M., Jeno I. Sebes, Robert M. Steiner, and Samir K. Ballas. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Imaging in Hemoglobinopathies." Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 5, no. 3 (June 1991): 517–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8588(18)30428-3.

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8

TSUGAWA, Ryotaro, Hideo UTSUNO, Hiroshi KATAYAMA, Shintaro NEMOTO, and Kanta KISHI. "Noninvasive diagnostic of Pulmonary hypertension." Proceedings of the Dynamics & Design Conference 2019 (2019): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedmc.2019.427.

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9

Brodie, Scott E. "Noninvasive diagnostic techniques in ophthalmology." Survey of Ophthalmology 37, no. 2 (September 1992): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6257(92)90078-8.

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10

Siregar, Ramenda, Raja Nurhayati, Widyaningsih Oentari, and Ari Sari. "Noninvasive diagnostic modality for skin cancer." Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.19100/jdvi.v5i2.210.

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11

Lee, Han Chu. "Noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma." Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 18, no. 2 (2012): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2012.18.2.174.

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12

Ehrlich, Garth D. "The Rise of Noninvasive Diagnostic Technologies." Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers 23, no. 4 (April 2019): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2019.29044.gde.

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13

Rizzo, T., and J. Malvehy. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Tools for Skin Cancer." MD Conference Express 14, no. 37 (November 1, 2014): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155989771437016.

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14

Marty, Alan T. "NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES IN VASCULAR DISEASE." Chest 89, no. 1 (January 1986): A—20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-3692(16)61739-7.

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15

Hohnloser, Stefan H. "Noninvasive diagnostic methods for cardiac arrhythmias." ACC Current Journal Review 6, no. 4 (July 1997): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1062-1458(97)00046-9.

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16

Zarins, Christopher K. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques in Vascular Disease." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 255, no. 10 (March 14, 1986): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1986.03370100152037.

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17

Smith, Robert B. "Noninvasive diagnostic techniques in vascular disease." American Journal of Surgery 153, no. 2 (February 1987): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9610(87)90813-0.

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18

Siravegna, Giulia, Connor J. O'Boyle, Shohreh Varmeh, Natalia Queenan, Alexa Michel, Jarrod Stein, Julia Thierauf, et al. "Cell-Free HPV DNA Provides an Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer." Clinical Cancer Research 28, no. 4 (November 29, 2021): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3151.

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Abstract Purpose: HPV-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+HNSCC) is the most common HPV-associated malignancy in the United States and continues to increase in incidence. Current diagnostic approaches for HPV+HNSCC rely on tissue biopsy followed by histomorphologic assessment and detection of HPV indirectly by p16 IHC. Such approaches are invasive and have variable sensitivity. Experimental Design: We conducted a prospective observational study in 140 subjects (70 cases and 70 controls) to test the hypothesis that a noninvasive diagnostic approach for HPV+HNSCC would have improved diagnostic accuracy, lower cost, and shorter diagnostic interval compared with standard approaches. Blood was collected, processed for circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA), and analyzed with custom ddPCR assays for HPV genotypes 16, 18, 33, 35, and 45. Diagnostic performance, cost, and diagnostic interval were calculated for standard clinical workup and compared with a noninvasive approach using ctHPVDNA combined with cross-sectional imaging and physical examination findings. Results: Sensitivity and specificity of ctHPVDNA for detecting HPV+HNSCC were 98.4% and 98.6%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of a composite noninvasive diagnostic using ctHPVDNA and imaging/physical examination were 95.1% and 98.6%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy of this noninvasive approach was significantly higher than standard of care (Youden index 0.937 vs. 0.707, P = 0.0006). Costs of noninvasive diagnostic were 36% to 38% less than standard clinical workup and the median diagnostic interval was 26 days less. Conclusions: A noninvasive diagnostic approach for HPV+HNSCC demonstrated improved accuracy, reduced cost, and a shorter time to diagnosis compared with standard clinical workup and could be a viable alternative in the future.

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Malysheva, Olga V., and Vladislav S. Baranov. "Noninvasive prenatal diagnostic. Problems, approaches and perspectives." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 61, no. 3 (May 15, 2012): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd61383-93.

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In the review possibilities of noninvasive prenatal diagnostics on DNA of a fetus circulating in peripheral blood of pregnant woman are discussed. Characteristics cell-free (cf) DNA of plasma and fetus cfDNA (cffNA), circulating in a parent blood-groove are resulted. Methodical approaches to extraction and analysis cffDNA are considered. Possibilities and restrictions of application of a method for fetal sexing and fetal Rhesus factor detection, and also prospect of noninvasive diagnostics of the most frequent aneuploidies are discussed

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20

Catania, Roberta, Anil K. Dasyam, Frank H. Miller, and Amir A. Borhani. "Noninvasive Imaging Prior to Biliary Interventions." Seminars in Interventional Radiology 38, no. 03 (August 2021): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731268.

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AbstractNoninvasive imaging is a crucial and initial step in the diagnostic algorithm of patients with suspected biliary pathology and directs the subsequent diagnostic and therapeutic workup, including the endoluminal and percutaneous biliary interventions. This article reviews the current noninvasive imaging methods for the evaluation of biliary system and further discusses their roles in the diagnostic workup of different biliary disease.

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21

Buch, Jeta, Priyanka Karagaiah, Prerana Raviprakash, Anant Patil, George Kroumpouzos, Martin Kassir, and Mohamad Goldust. "Noninvasive diagnostic techniques of port wine stain." Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 20, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 2006–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14087.

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22

Hay, Ashley. "Advances in noninvasive diagnostic testing using nanoparticles." Cancer 127, no. 23 (November 9, 2021): 4329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34000.

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23

Miftahussurur, Muhammad. "Noninvasive Helicobacter pylori Diagnostic Methods in Indonesia." Gut and Liver 14, no. 5 (September 15, 2020): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl19264.

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24

Vasilyev, A. Yu, N. N. Mikheyev, and T. P. Makarova. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Technique in Stenotic Coronary Atherosclerosis." General Reanimatology 1, no. 6 (December 20, 2005): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2005-6-65-69.

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25

Anisimov, A. L., A. V. Bul’ba, L. A. Luizova, A. D. Khakhaev, and A. S. Shtykov. "Noninvasive optical diagnostic techniques for heterogeneous plasma." High Energy Chemistry 40, no. 3 (May 2006): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018143906030118.

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26

Ulrich, M., E. Stockfleth, J. Roewert-Huber, and S. Astner. "Noninvasive diagnostic tools for nonmelanoma skin cancer." British Journal of Dermatology 157 (December 7, 2007): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08275.x.

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27

Begelman, S. M., and M. R. Jaff. "Noninvasive diagnostic strategies for peripheral arterial disease." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 73, Suppl_4 (October 1, 2006): S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.73.suppl_4.s22.

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28

Luo, Jiing-Chyuan. "Noninvasive diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection." Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 78, no. 2 (February 2015): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2014.11.001.

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29

Ermolitsky, N. M. "MOLECULAR VISUALIZATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 4 (December 28, 2015): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2015-12-4-21.

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Objective: systematization and analytical review of scientific publications dealing with the stated topic with accentuation of attention to practical application of the methods of molecular visualization in diagnostic radiology. Material. The available literary sources covering molecular visualization in diagnostic radiology. Results. Possibilities and advantages of modern molecular visualization in the practice of diagnostic radiology have been defined. Conclusion. The application of methods of molecular diagnostic visualization considerably raises the quality of the image and the diagnosis, opens wide prospects of diagnostics in many areas of medicine in preservation of noninvasive researches.

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30

Ramos, Lupe M. "Cardiac Diagnostic Testing: What Bedside Nurses Need to Know." Critical Care Nurse 34, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2014361.

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Coronary artery disease affects more than 385000 persons annually and continues to be a leading cause of death in the United States. Recently, the number of available noninvasive cardiac diagnostic tests has increased substantially. Nurses should be knowledgeable about available noninvasive cardiac diagnostic testing. The common noninvasive cardiac diagnostic testing procedures used to diagnose coronary heart disease are transthoracic echocardiography, stress testing (exercise, pharmacological, and nuclear), multidetector computed tomography, coronary artery calcium scoring (with electron beam computed tomography or computed tomographic angiography), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Objectives include (1) describing available methods for noninvasive assessment of coronary artery disease, (2) identifying which populations each test is most appropriate for, (3) discussing advantages and limitations of each method of testing, (4) identifying nursing considerations when caring for patients undergoing various methods of testing, and (5) describing outcome findings of various methods.

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31

Olenev, Anton S., Ekaterina N. Songolova, and Alfina A. Yakshibaeva. "Noninvasive prenatal testing in megacity." City Healthcare 2, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2021.v2i2;75-83.

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Introduction. The article presents an analysis of the use of non-invasive prenatal testing for chromosomal abnormalities in the fetal extracellular DNA in the blood of pregnant women in Moscow. Materials and methods. When processing materials and research results, authors considered all available clinical data: findings of an ultrasound examination, medical history and results of additional laboratory tests. Results. The article presents results of invasive prenatal diagnostics and pregnancy outcomes in patients with high NIPT risks. Discussion. Authors analyzed diagnostic capabilities of NIPT, its limitations, false-positive and false- negative results, and described 3 cases of prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy identified in patients who are in the «gray zone» of risk based on the results of combined screening of the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion. Prenatal diagnosis of the described aneuploidy is difficult due to individual risk of developing chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus based on the results of combined first-trimester screening in the range of 1:101-1: 2500 and lack of indications for invasive prenatal diagnostics.

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32

Baranov, Vladislav Sergeevich, and Tatyana Vladimirovna Kuznetzova. "Novel options in Prenatal Genetic Diagnostic." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 64, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd6424-12.

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Modern molecular approaches to prenatal diagnostic of inherited diseases are briefly reviewed. Advantages and limitations of molecular methods for analysis of chromosomal anomalies (QF-PCR, aCGH, NGS) are considered in line with conventional prenatal karyotyping. The special attention is paid to efficacy, limitations and diagnostic options of noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT). Some particular problems of its widespread implication into routine clinical practice are discussed. State of art in preimplantation genetic diagnostics (PGD) and obvious great opportunities of preconceptional genetic testing are highlighted.

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33

Bosch, Dustin E., Niklas Krumm, Mark H. Wener, Matthew M. Yeh, Camtu D. Truong, Deepti M. Reddi, Yongjun Liu, Paul E. Swanson, Rodney A. Schmidt, and Andrew Bryan. "Serology Is More Sensitive Than Urea Breath Test or Stool Antigen for the Initial Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Gastritis When Compared With Histopathology." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, no. 2 (May 23, 2020): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa043.

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Abstract Objectives To assess the concordance and performance characteristics of Helicobacter pylori laboratory tests compared with histopathology and to propose algorithms for the diagnosis of H pylori that minimize diagnostic error. Methods H pylori diagnostics were reviewed from a 12-year period within a health system (2,560 cases). Analyses were performed to adjust diagnostic performance based on treatment and consensus histopathologic diagnoses among pathologists. Markers of access to care, including test cancellation frequency and turnaround time, were assessed. Costs and performance of candidate noninvasive testing algorithms were modeled as a function of disease prevalence. Results Serum H pylori IgG demonstrated a higher sensitivity (0.94) than urea breath and stool antigen tests (0.64 and 0.61, respectively). Evidence of an advantage in access to care for serology included a lower cancellation rate. Interobserver variability was higher (κ = 0.34) among pathologists for cases with a discordant laboratory test than concordant cases (κ = 0.56). A model testing algorithm utilizing serology for first-time diagnoses minimizes diagnostic error. Conclusions Although H pylori serology has modestly lower specificity than other noninvasive tests, the superior sensitivity and negative predictive value in our population support its use as a noninvasive test to rule out H pylori infection. Reflexive testing with positive serology followed by either stool antigen or urea breath test may optimize diagnostic accuracy in low-prevalence populations.

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34

Ahmed, Badreldeen, and Oliver Vasilj. "Noninvasive Diagnostics of Fetal Anemia." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 5, no. 4 (2011): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1213.

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ABSTRACT Even though the use of anti-D immunoglobulin has dramatically decreased the incidence of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn, it still remains a significant cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The main challenge facing fetal medicine specialists today is not the skill required for invasive therapy, but rather the noninvasive monitoring of the disease so that its progress can be predicted to guide the need and timing of intrauterine transfusions to minimize unnecessary invasive testing. In previous years many different diagnostic tests were proposed but the assessment of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity still stands as a gold standard for noninvasive assessment of fetal anemia.

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35

Chalela, William A., Antonio P. Mansur, and José M. Aldrighi. "Noninvasive diagnostic evaluation for chest pain in women." Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 76, no. 6 (June 2001): 540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0066-782x2001000600011.

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36

Murphy, Mary, and Nancy Risser. "A Promising Noninvasive Diagnostic Test for Pulmonary Embolism." Nurse Practitioner 22, no. 9 (September 1997): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199709000-00012.

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37

Demjanenko, V., R. A. Valtin, M. Soumekh, H. Naidu, A. Antur, D. P. Hess, A. Soom, et al. "A noninvasive diagnostic instrument for power circuit breakers." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 7, no. 2 (April 1992): 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.127063.

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38

Pich, Jacqueline. "NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION (REVIEW)." Gastroenterology Nursing 42, no. 1 (2019): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sga.0000000000000433.

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39

Morphet, John A. M. "U-wave alterations: singular noninvasive electrocardiographic diagnostic markers." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 36, no. 6 (November 2000): 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00937-2.

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40

Kempczinski, Richard. "Recent advances in noninvasive diagnostic techniques in vasculardisease." Journal of Vascular Surgery 15, no. 5 (May 1992): 942–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-5214(92)90770-9.

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41

Quintero, Enrique, and Adolfo Parra-Blanco. "Noninvasive diagnostic tools in colorectal cancer mass screening." Current Colorectal Cancer Reports 3, no. 1 (February 2007): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11888-007-0013-7.

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42

Petersen, O. B., I. Vogel, C. Ekelund, J. Hyett, and A. Tabor. "Potential Diagnostic Consequences of Applying Noninvasive Prenatal Testing." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 69, no. 6 (June 2014): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ogx.0000451482.18231.c0.

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43

Martin, David S. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques in Vascular Disease. 3d ed." Radiology 158, no. 1 (January 1986): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.158.1.198.

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44

Vavas, Eleni, Susie N. Hong, Stacey E. Rosen, and Jennifer H. Mieres. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques for Coronary Disease in Women." Clinical Cardiology 35, no. 3 (March 2012): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.21953.

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45

M.D., Peter Alagona. "Noninvasive diagnostic tests to detect coronary artery disease." Clinical Cardiology 19, no. 3 (March 1996): 163a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960190305.

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46

Kozlov, Sergey G., Olga V. Chernova, Elena V. Gerasimova, Ekaterina A. Ivanova, and Alexander N. Orekhov. "Noninvasive Testing for Diagnosis of Stable Coronary Artery Disease in the Elderly." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 17 (August 29, 2020): 6263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176263.

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Efficient diagnostic approaches to detect coronary artery disease (CAD) in elderly patients are necessary to ensure optimal and timely treatment. The population of suspected CAD patients older than 70 years is especially vulnerable and constantly growing. Finding the optimal diagnostic approach is challenging due to certain features of this population, such as high prevalence of comorbidities, existing contraindications to exercise tests or cognitive decline, which hinders correct assessment of the patient’s situation. Moreover, some symptoms of CAD can have variable significance in the elderly compared to younger adult groups. In this review, we present current recommendations of the United States (US) and European cardiologists’ associations and discuss their applicability for diagnostics in the elderly population. Exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) and exercise stress echocardiography (SE) tests are not feasible for a substantial proportion of elderly patients. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) appears to be an attractive alternative for such patients, but is not universally applicable; for instance, it is problematic in patients with significant calcification of the vessels. Moreover, more studies are needed to compare the results delivered by CTA to those of other diagnostic methods. Future efforts should be focused on comparative studies to better understand the limits and advantages of different diagnostic methods and their combinations. It is possible that some of the currently used diagnostic criteria could be improved to better accommodate the needs of the elderly population.

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der Kraats, Annick M. van, Michiel Winkes, Heinrich M. J. Janzing, Rob P. R. Eijkelenboom, and Marleen T. G. de Koning. "Review of Reliable and Valid Noninvasive Tools for the Diagnosis of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 232596712211451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671221145151.

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Background: Currently, invasive dynamic intracompartmental pressure (ICP) measurements are considered the gold standard for diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS). During recent years, different noninvasive imaging modalities have been presented as a possible replacement for ICP measurement. Purpose: To provide an overview of the current state of evidence and possibilities regarding noninvasive diagnostic methods for CECS. Study Design: Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The PubMed (MEDLINE) and Embase databases were searched using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Full-text articles were included if they reported on noninvasive diagnostic methods for CECS, included ≥5 patients with CECS, and were published between 1994 and 2022. Articles not written in English were excluded. Systematic reviews, letters to the editor, and case reports were not eligible for inclusion. Out of 961 articles identified in the initial search, 25 studies (N = 1257 participants) were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–Comparative (QUADAS-C) tool for comparative studies and the QUADAS-2 tool for noncomparative studies. Narrative synthesis was used to present results. Results: The level of evidence for the 25 studies ranged from 2 to 4. Four studies were classified as having a low risk of bias, 21 studies were classified as being at risk of bias. The following noninvasive diagnostic tools for CECS were reported: magnetic resonance imaging/diffusion tensor imaging (n = 8), near-infrared spectroscopy (n = 6), electromyography (n = 4), single-photon emission computed tomography (n = 5), ultrasound (n = 2), myotonometry (n=1) and predictive clinical model (n = 1). There was insufficient evidence in the literature to support the use of any of these noninvasive diagnostic tools as a gold standard for CECS. Conclusion: Despite the need to replace the controversial use of ICP for the diagnosis of CECS, our review indicated a lack of validity on all discussed noninvasive diagnostic tools as a replacement.

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48

Koletzko, Sibylle. "Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 19, no. 7 (2005): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/213608.

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Noninvasive tests can be used for the initial diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and to monitor the success of eradication therapy. In populations with a low prevalence of H pylori infection (children living in North America and Europe), a high sensitivity is required to make the test valuable for clinical practice. The13C-urea breath test has been validated in children of different age groups in a significant number of infected and noninfected children in several countries and, thus far, is the only noninvasive test that fulfills sensitivity and specificity quality standards. In studies to date, enzyme immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies to detect H pylori antigen in stool provide excellent results, but the number of children tested, particularly post-treatment, is not sufficient to recommend the test. All other noninvasive stool tests or methods based on the detection of specific antibodies in serum, whole blood, urine or saliva have limited accuracy in comparison with the13C-urea breath test. Therefore, these tests cannot be recommended for clinical decision making in pediatric patients.

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49

Chang, Jeong Hyun. "Noninvasive Detection of Specific Diagnostic Biomarkers for Atopic Dermatitis." Biomedical Science Letters 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15616/bsl.2019.25.1.15.

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50

Glinská, Gabriela, Kristína Krajčíková, Katarína Zakutanská, Oleg Shylenko, Daria Kondrakhova, Natália Tomašovičová, Vladimír Komanický, Jana Mašlanková, and Vladimíra Tomečková. "Noninvasive diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus from tear fluid." RSC Advances 9, no. 31 (2019): 18050–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02078k.

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