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Loh, Kah Meng, and not supplied. "Physiological System Modelling and Clinical Simulation for Diagnosis." RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080910.143512.
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Zhang, Michael Tao. "Electrical, Thermal, and EMI Designs of High-Density, Low-Profile Power Supplies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30316.
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This work presents the analyses and designs of high-density, low-profile power supplies, including the electrical, thermal, and EMI aspects. Emphasis is placed on forward and flyback converters.
The efficiency improvements of employing synchronous rectification are theoretically derived and experimentally verified in forward and flyback converters. The performances of synchronous rectifiers in forward converters are analyzed with regards to transformer reset and SR driven method. The effectiveness of synchronous rectification in flyback converters is evaluated in various operation modes and control schemes. The paralleling techniques utilized to realize high-density, low-profile power conversion are presented. Current sharing in transformer paralleling is addressed and evaluated in forward topology. The performance and the operation principles of one-choke and two-choke interleaved forward converters are analyzed.
The thermal management of high-density power supplies in sealed enclosures is optimized using computational fluid dynamics simulations. The theoretical limit of power density due to thermal constraint is determined. In addition, the thermal-design optimization guidelines are given and verified experimentally.
A systematic methodology is developed to facilitate the analysis and design of conducted EMI problems in high-density power supplies. Partial element equivalent circuit method is employed for parasitic parameter extraction. Layout and packaging are optimized to minimize conducted EMI noises. Noise predictions by Saber simulations are confirmed by experimental measurements.Ph. D.
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Meyers, Elizabeth. "Medical supply sorting by volunteers process improvement at a non-profit organization /." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009meyerse.pdf.
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Gajjar, Chetan Sudhir. "Non-intrusive efficiency estimation of induction machines under various power supplies." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14138.
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Considering that 45% of the world's generated electricity is consumed by induction machines, determining an induction motors efficiency non-intrusively is of great importance in that it enables the machine to operate productively whilst ensuring that the energy consumed by the machine is utilized efficiently. International efficiency testing methods such as the IEEE 112-B can determine a motors efficiency accurately at the cost of hindering the machines productivity. Alternatively, various methods used to determine a machines efficiency in-situ do so at the cost of accuracy. This research proposes a method that determines an induction machines efficiency over a range of load conditions from tests conducted and centered around one thermally stable load point in the least intrusive manner possible. Coupled with vibration sensors used to determine a motor's speed, measured input voltages and currents are used to deduce a machine efficiency-load profile through the use of a modified evolutionary algorithm, the Non-Intrusive Efficiency Estimation using Population-Based Incremental Learning(NIEE-PBIL) algorithm. Five temporal load measurements are taken, centered around one thermally stable load point, to determine the machines efficiency profile from two equivalent circuit implementations; the Standard Circuit NIEE-PBIL and the Iron-Loss NIEE-PBIL.
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Ng, Yew Soon. "Optimizing a military supply chain in the presence of random, non-stationary demands." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FNg.pdf.
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Burger, Bianca. "South African VAT implications in respect of supplies by non residents to residents." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019977.
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Paragraph 7(1) of the VAT Act provides for the charging of VAT at 14 percent on the supply of goods or services by a vendor in the course or furtherance of an ‘enterprise’, the importation into South Africa of goods by any person or the supply of ‘imported services’. The term ‘enterprise’ has been interpreted to require an on-going activity and therefore once off sales should be excluded. The sale must relate to enterprise activities, thereby excluding private sales. Furthermore the enterprise activities are required to be carried out in the Republic or partly in the Republic. Establishing whether the enterprise activities are carried out in the Republic remains a contentious issue as the VAT Act does not specify the minimum required business activities to meet this criterion. ‘Imported services’ excludes services imported for the purposes of making taxable supplies and the liability of accounting for VAT on ‘imported services’ lies with the recipient of the imported service. Supplies (imported services) which are chargeable in terms of s 7(1)(a) and supplies, which if made in the Republic, are exempt from VAT or zero rated. ‘Imported services’ definition requires services to be consumed in South Africa. Services offered outside South Africa therefore generally do not qualify as imported services even the South African entity benefits from such services, for example a training course attended in a foreign country. Technological developments in the field of e-commerce globally have required countries to examine VAT laws relating to e-commerce. Extensive research has been done by the OECD on this topic, with reports issued on recommendations of how e-commerce should be taxed. Most guidance issued by the OECD on taxing e-commerce relates to indirect electronic commerce, which refers to goods or services where ordering, payment and delivery occur on line. Distinction is drawn between taxation of business-to-business transactions and business-to-consumer transactions. The OECD suggests that the ‘reverse-charge’ or self-assessment method should be applied to the taxing of B2B transactions resulting in minimal compliance and administrative costs. It is further recommended that for B2C transactions place of consumption should be defined as the recipient’s usual jurisdiction of residence and that non-resident suppliers should be required to register and pay VAT in the jurisdiction of the consumer, as this would result in the most effective tax collection method. ‘Enterprise’ includes electronic services from a foreign supplier where the recipient is a resident of South Africa or where the payment originated from a South African bank account. The Minister’s regulation, which came into effect on 1 June 2014, includes the following items in the definition of electronic services: educational services, games, online auction services, miscellaneous services and subscription services. The South African VAT legislation draws no distinction between B2B and B2C supplies of electronic services. The reasoning behind this was to avoid situations in which private customers could pose as business customers in order to avoid the levying of tax. A review of the services currently included in the Minister’s regulation on electronic services indicate that services that would relate to B2B supplies have mostly been excluded from the regulation. Effectively the South African VAT legislation manages to indirectly exclude B2B supplies from the definition of electronic services and therefore achieves the objective of minimising the administrative burden on B2B supplies.
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Guo, Liping Nelms R. M. "Design and implementation of digital controllers for buck and boost converters using linear and non-linear control methods." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1323.
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Valhed, Alexandra, and Daniella Pavkovic. "How to eliminate non-value added activities within eGrocery : A case study at a global grocery supplier." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65025.
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Course: Master thesis in Business Administration and Economics, Major of Logistic, 30 hp, 4FE19E, VT17 Authors: Daniella Pavkovic & Alexandra Valhed Supervisor: Hana Hulthén Examiner: Helena Forslund Title: How to eliminate non-value added activities within eGrocery - a case study at a global grocery supplier Background: An increase in eGrocery usage has occurred due to a more stressful every day living with busy schedules and the desire to save time (Emec, Catay and Bozkaya 2015). Companies are getting involved with eGrocery primary to strengthening the consumer loyalty (Saskia, Marei and Blanquart 2016). Jaca et al., (2012) claim that well-functioning processes within eGrocery will contribute to economic development of the company which in turn can lead to higher level of consumer satisfaction, higher return on investments and a greater efficiency in processes. However, in order to enable improvements of a process and increase the efficiency, non-value added activities need to be eliminated (Librelato et al., 2013). Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to propose a framework for elimiating non-value added activities related to information sharing in the eGrocery order fulfilment process. Method: The study has a qualitative approach and, in order to answer the purpose of the study, the authors have performed a case study at a global grocery supplier. Empirical data has been collected through focus groups and interviews. Conclusion: An amount of 81 % of the activities within the order fulfilment process towards Shopr are considered to be non-value added. These were identified by a creation of a Value Stream Mapping. The non-value added activities depend primary on manual handling of the operations and insufficient information sharing within the own company as well as between the global grocery supplier and Shopr. In order to eliminate these non-value added activities a Future State Map should be created. Furthermore, focus should be on elimination of the silos within the company and integration of an integrated information system. This applies for the global grocery supplier as well as other global companies involved with eGrocery. Key words: Non-value added activities, eGrocery, Order fulfilment process, information process, silos
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Qu, Song. "Non-Intrinsic Differential-Mode Noise in Switching Power Supplies and Its Implications to EMI Filter Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9788.
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Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) problems in switching power supplies have been traditionally treated with cut-and-try approaches. In recent years, advancement has been made to better understand the problems and minimize the cut-and-try portion of the design process. However, there are still phenomena difficult to explain in many practical design situations. Often, the problems may be solved by luck but many puzzles remain unsolved. If not fully understood, these puzzles are very likely to come back to haunt the designers.
According to the conventional theory, there are two modes of noise: the Differential-Mode (DM) noise and the Common-Mode (CM) noise. Recently, a new noise-coupling mode called Non-Intrinsic Differential-Mode (NIDM) noise was uncovered accidentally in the process of explaining certain EMI filter action [1]. This phenomenon has never been thoroughly studied. The focus of the present thesis is to investigate the NIDM phenomenon and its implications to practical EMI filter design issues.
The generation mechanism and basic characteristics of this phenomenon will be briefly reviewed, which is crucial to the understanding of the remaining parts of the research. Two essential diagnostic tools are introduced. One is the DM/CM noise separator and the other is the zero-span mode operation of a spectrum analyzer.
The results of the investigation will be presented. The results will be presented using practical examples, which tie the phenomenon to filter design issues. In some examples, explanations are given to dispel the puzzles commonly encountered in the practice.
A filter design procedure is suggested for off-line power supplies. This procedure incorporates the NIDM phenomenon into an existing design procedure. Only first-order and second-order filter topologies are included in the discussion.Master of Science
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Pougy, Roberto. "Unconventional oil and natural gas supplies and the mitigation of climate change." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0075.
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Cette thèse en économie de l'énergie et de l'environnement étend le modèle de Hotelling du type exploration-extraction avec contraintes géologiques d’Okullo, Reynes et Hofkes (2015), afin de prendre en compte des trajectoires en forme de cloche pour l’ajout de réserves empiriquement observées par Laherrère (2003). Le modèle LOGIMA proposé (Images à Long terme sur le Pétrole et le Gaz) explique qu’elles sont la conséquence de « sweet spots » géologiques : des zones privilégiées où la concentration d’hydrocarbures est la plus élevée. Le modèle LOGIMA a été calibré sur une base de données issues couvrant les sept principaux bassins de pétrole et de gaz non-conventionnels du pays. Les résultats indiquent que la nécessité d’apprentissage par la pratique pour découvrir l’emplacement des sweet spots conduit à une mise en œuvre d’un effort d’exploration également en forme de cloche, ce qui permet de réduire le risque des activités d’exploration. Par conséquent, la réponse en termes des volumes offerts par les producteurs à des chocs sur les prix dévient fonction de l’ensemble des ressources mondiales antérieurement découvertes. Ensuite, nous appliquons le modèle LOGIMA pour étudier l’impact causé par l’offre de pétrole et de gaz naturel « non-conventionnels » aux États-Unis, sur les efforts mondiaux d’atténuation du changement climatique. Nous y parvenons en associant les scénarios à long-terme générés par LOGIMA avec le modèle d’évaluation intégrée, IMACLIM-R. Cette étude analyse comment des différentes cibles de prix de pétrole affecteraient son offre aux États-Unis. Nous estimons cette interaction au moyen de trois cadres de politiques en matière de climat : le cadre « business as usual » (BAU), les contributions décidées à l’échelle nationale (NDC) et les scénarios de 2°C (2DS). Les résultats de l’exercice indiquent que les approvisionnements non-conventionnels sont fortement susceptibles d’affecter les marchés énergétiques mondiaux, mais leur impact sur les émissions mondiales de gaz à effet de serre serait limité, car les différents effets déclenchés dans des différents secteurs viendraient les équilibrer approximativementThis thesis in energy and environmental economics extends the geological Hotelling-type extraction-exploration model from Okullo, Reynes and Hofkes (2015) in order to account for the bell-shaped reserve additions that were empirically observed by Laherrère (2003). The proposed model explains them as the result of geological “sweet spots”: premium areas within geological formations where the concentration of hydrocarbons is highest. The proposed theoretical formulation was programmed into the mathematical model LOGIMA – “Long-term Oil and Gas Images” – and calibrated on data covering the seven main unconventional oil and gas plays in the United States. Results indicate the need to learn the location of sweet spots through trial and error drillings leads to schedules of exploratory effort that allow the optimal “de-risking” of exploratory activities. As a result, the optimal response of producers to price shocks becomes contingent on the prevailing level of cumulative discoveries.We apply LOGIMA to investigate the impact, caused by the recent advent of large-scale supplies of unconventional oil and gas, in the United States, on the ongoing efforts to mitigate climate change. We do so by soft coupling long-term scenarios from LOGIMA with the integrated assessment model, IMACLIM-R, a recursive, computable general equilibrium model of integrated global energy, economy and environment systems. We analyze how different price targets, potentially pursued by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), would affect supplies of unconventional oil and gas from the United States. We control this interplay under three climate policy frameworks: business as usual (BAU), nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and 2°C scenario (2DS). The results of the exercise show that, despite having a significant potential to affect global energy markets, unconventional oil and gas supplies would have a limited potential to affect global cumulative greenhouse gas emissions to 2040, as the different effects triggered in different sectors approximately balanced each other out
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McCabe, Victoria B. "Water deficit responses of non-nodulated and nodulated Vicia faba (broad bean) when supplied with various forms on concentrations of medium nitrogen nutrition." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/610788.
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V. faba fixes nitrogen effectively (Richards & Soper, 1979), however nitrogen fixation is reportedly energetically expensive and water deficit sensitive. Research was designed to determine whether medium nitrogen applications would result in increased productivities in V. faba, particularly during water deficits. Non-nodulated and nodulated V. faba were subjected to gradual water deficit imposition, and were supplied with a variety of medium nitrogen nutrition. Nitrogen fixing V. faba exhibited greater productivities than V. faba which were supplied with low medium nitrate concentrations (0.8 roM N), even during water deficits. Plant performance parameters (growth; net photosynthesis; nitrogen assimilatory enzyme activities; osmotic adjustment) were greater in nodulated than in non-nodulated 'no nitrate' supplied V. faba throughout water deficits, inferring water deficit tolerance for nitrogen fixation. However significantly greater plant performance paramaters were exhibited in V. faba when supplied with increasingly concentrated medium nitrogen nutrition (> 0.8 roM N) than when reliant on nitrogen fixation. In contrast to the bulk of previous literature, NR activities were maintained in V. faba until water deficits became severe, inferring a role for nitrate assimilation in nitrogenous osmotica production. Medium ammonia additions resulted in the exhibition of significantly increased root biomasses; cumulative leaf areas (important for a green manure crop); heights; and nitrogen assimilation in V. faba throughout water deficits, and accordingly in increased osmotic adjustment (including compatible solute accumulation), protein concentrations and vegetative yields. Greater plant productivities in v. faba when supplied with medium ammonia additions were attributed in part to lower associated assimilatory costs for ammonia than nitrate nutrition (Raven, 1992). Results indicated increased metabolism as opposed to storage of medium ammonia, and therefore potentially alleviated 'sink size' feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism in V. faba when supplied with medium ammonia additions. Furthermore ammonia supplied V. faba may have been predisposed towards water deficit tolerance. In summary V. faba exhibited significantly greater nitrogen assimilation; osmotic adjustment; net photosynthesis; and growth when supplied with increasingly concentrated medium nitrogen nutrition (and particularly with medium ammonia additions) than when reliant on nitrogen fixation, both during periods of adequate irrigation and during water deficits.
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Vieira, Susana Rita Coelho. "The 2000 and 2014 suppliers and users networks : a network analysis of trade in value added." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16502.
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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusAs Cadeias Globais de Valor (CVG) representam a fragmentação da produção em várias fases, cada uma localizada num país diferente. Neste contexto, as estatísticas tradicionais de comércio não refletem a fragmentaão da produção internacional, sendo responsáveis pela dupla-contagem nos dados de importações e exportações. Para preencher esta lacuna, surgiram bases de dados Input-Output com links internacionais. Vários economistas internacionais e econofísicos defendem o potencial da análise de redes para a análise e visualização de redes de comércio, contudo, a utilização de estatísticas tradicionais de comércio compromete os resultados. Mais recentemente, um número significante de trabalhos tem utilizado o método da análise de redes no estudo das CGV. O presente trabalho utiliza o método de análise de redes para caracterizar a evolução do comércio de valor acrescentado mundial entre 2000 e 2014. Os dados, da base de dados WIOD (2016), primeiramente utilizados para a criação de indicadores de comércio de valor acrescentado que serão posteriormente utilizados para a visualização dos grafos e para o cálculo e análise de três medidas de análise de redes. Em contraste com estudos anteriores, este trabalho inclui momentos temporais mais recentes, permitindo a consolidação de resultados anteriores. Em consonância com estudos anteriores, conclui-se que somente um pequeno número de países ocupa posições centrais nas redes de produção mundiais. Esta condição verifica-se quer no número de parceiros, valor das relações bilaterais e na conexação com outros parceiros mais centrais.
Global Value Chains represent the fragmentation of production in several stages, each taking place in a different country. In this context, traditional statistics do not fully capture the fragmentation of international production, being responsible for double counting in import and export data. To fill this gap, a handful of internationally linked IO datasets have emerged. Several international economists and econophysicists have advocated the potential of the network analysis method to the analysis and visualisation of the trade networks, however, the use of trade statistics leads to incomplete conclusions. Therefore, a relatively recent body of literature has applied network analysis in the study of GVCs. This work makes use of the network analysis method to characterize the evolution of the world’s trade in value added between 2000 and 2014. It uses data from the latest release of the WIOD database to build trade in value added indicators that will be later used for graph visualization and for computation and analysis of three network based-measures. In contrast with previous studies, it includes more recent time moments, consolidating of some of the previous conclusions. In line with previous studies, we conclude that only a small number of occupy central positions in the production networks. This condition is verifiable either in the number of partners, in the value of bilateral supply and/or use relationships and in the connections with other central partners.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Rendahl, Pernilla. "Cross-border consumption taxation of digital supplies : a comparative study of double taxation and unintentional non-taxation of B2C e-commerce /." Jönköping : Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-6603.
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Eloy, Gonçalo Nuno da Costa Macedo e. Brito. "Construção de um manual de receção de matéria-prima para um processo de embalagem e comercialização de carcaças e miudezas de aves de capoeira." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21685.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA exigência do consumidor por produtos de qualidade e seguros tem crescido cada vez mais, tornando essencial um rigoroso controlo da qualidade e da segurança dos géneros alimentícios, efetuado por cada operador da cadeia alimentar no momento em que recebe a matéria-prima. O presente trabalho focou-se nos procedimentos de avaliação de fornecedores e de receção de matéria-prima para um processo de embalagem e comercialização de carcaças e miudezas de aves numa unidade industrial de produtos à base de carne de aves, com base no respetivo sistema de qualidade e segurança dos géneros alimentícios. A avaliação da matéria-prima realizou-se segundo critérios macroscópicos, qualitativos e objetivos, estabelecidos com base nas especificações da empresa X, complementados com sistemas de avaliação de carcaças e com os níveis de qualidade aceitável definidos na ISO 2859-1:2017. A avaliação da matéria-prima incluiu verificação de carcaças e miudezas de aves de capoeira, o respetivo vasilhame e condições do transporte, determinando-se a taxa de rejeição. O processo de medição de temperatura à receção também foi alvo de avaliação. Complementarmente, a avaliação dos fornecedores quanto ao critério qualidade, incluiu os subcritérios taxa de rejeição e peso médio de devoluções, e foi executado através da Técnica para Ordem de Preferência por Similaridade com a Solução Ideal (TOPSIS). Com base na literatura elaborou-se uma lista de verificação de modo a verificar vulnerabilidades e medidas de defesa alimentar nesta unidade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a carcaça de frango de produção intensiva (Gallus domesticus) e de pato (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) apresentam a menor (3,85%) e a maior taxa de rejeição (26,19%), respetivamente. Foi demonstrado que a deficiente depena de carcaças constituiu a principal não conformidade (26,11% das rejeições), seguida de presença de hematomas (21,27%). Os resultados permitiram ainda validar o procedimento de medição de temperatura de matéria-prima perecível, aquando da sua receção. Já a avaliação segundo o modelo TOPSIS permitiu identificar uma disparidade no desempenho dos fornecedores, apresentado o fornecedor “F” o melhor resultado e o “E”, o pior. As respetivas taxas de rejeição demonstraram a potencial relação entre fornecedores e anomalias. Por fim a avaliação de requisitos de defesa alimentar da unidade determinou a existência de um ineficiente controlo de acesso a certas zonas como a receção de matéria-prima, bem como ao armazenamento da mesma, como potenciais vulnerabilidades. Por outro lado, a unidade apresentou boas medidas de defesa alimentar, resultante da existência de um plano de defesa alimentar.
ABSTRACT - RAW MATERIAL RECEPTION MANUAL DEVELOPMENT FOR A PROCESS OF POULTRY CARCASSES AND GIBLETS PACKAGING AND COMMERCIALIZATION - Consumer demand for quality and safe products has grown increasingly, making strict foodstuffs' quality and safety control essential, carried out by each operator in the food chain when receiving the raw materials. The present work focuses on the supplier evaluation and raw material reception procedures for the packaging and commercialization of poultry carcass and giblet processes in a poultry meat-based products industrial unit, based on the respective food quality and safety system. The evaluation of the raw material was executed according to macroscopic, qualitative, and objective criteria established by the company X specifications, supplemented with carcass evaluation systems, and according to acceptable quality levels defined in ISO 2859-1:2017. Poultry carcasses and giblets, as well as canisters and transport vehicles, were evaluated, determining the rejection rate. The temperature measurement process was also evaluated. The supplier's assessment of quality standards included rejection rate and average return weight as the sub criteria and was developed through a Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. Based on the literature, a checklist was developed to verify vulnerabilities and food defense measures in the unit. The results showed that the broilers' carcass (Gallus gallus domesticus) and ducks carcass (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) had the lowest (3.98%) and largest rejection rate (26.19%) respectively. It was demonstrated that the deficient carcass plucking (26.11% of rejections) was the main non-conformity, followed by the presence of bruises (21.27%). Furthermore, the results allowed us to validate the temperature measurement procedure in perishable raw materials receipt. On the other hand, the evaluation according to the TOPSIS model allowed to identify a disparity in the performance of suppliers in which the supplier “F” presented the best results and “E” the worst. Their rejection rate suggests a potential link between the supplier and defects, and its absenteeism. Finally, the assessment of food defense requirements determined in this unit, the lack of access control to areas such as the receipt of raw materials and raw material storage chambers, as potential vulnerabilities. However, the unit presented good food defense measures, a result of the existence of a food defense plan.
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Zamur, Guilherme Augusto Cavallaro. "Non-compliance with sustainability practices in supply chains." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18190.
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Com base na teoria institucional e na teoria social cognitiva, foi realizado um experimento de escolha discreta com 128 gestores americanos, 105 brasileiros e 109 indianos para testar três causas alternativas de não atendimento por fornecedores às práticas de sustentabilidade da empresa focal da cadeia de suprimentos. Os resultados fornecem evidências preliminares de que o background institucional destes gestores pode impedir que eles percebam quando não cumprem as práticas de sustentabilidade da empresa compradora (focal) e de que certas configurações da cadeia de suprimentos influenciam a propensão a não cumprir as políticas de sustentabilidade da empresa focal. A generalização destes resultados é limitada devido à metodologia experimental utilizada.
Based on institutional theory and social cognitive theory, a discrete-choice experiment was conducted with 128 American, 105 Brazilian and 109 Indian managers to test three alternative causes of suppliers’ non-compliance with supply chain focal company’s sustainability practices. Results provide preliminary evidence to support that managers’ institutional background may prevent them from perceiving their non-compliance with buyer (focal) company’s sustainability practices and that certain supply chain configurations influence their likelihood not to comply with focal company’s sustainability policies. Generalization of such findings is limited because of the experimental methodology used.
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Štefka, Vojtěch. "Specifika režimu DPH pro oblast elektronického prodeje počítačových her." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417408.
Full textAbstract:
Master´s thesis deals with the issue of VAT for electronic sales of computer games. The thesis contains a theoretical definition of basic concepts with subsequent identification of relevant business sector including obligations in the area of VAT which are relevant to a defined range of entities. Practical part consists of the methodology containing procedures and recommendations concerning the fulfilment of VAT related obligations. The methodology is intended for domestic taxable persons providing electronic services for non-taxable persons from around the world.
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Le, Bescond de Coatpont Mathieu. "La dépendance des distributeurs." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL20006.
Full textAbstract:
Les distributeurs sont des intermédiaires économiques car ils offrent sur le marché des produits ou services conçus, fabriqués ou exécutés par d’autres (les fournisseurs). Cette recherche démontre que le degré de protection accordé par le droit positif aux différents distributeurs n’est pas corrélé à leur degré de dépendance aux fournisseurs. Les qualifications de la dépendance sont multiples, incertaines, incohérentes et parfois artificiellement restrictives ou extensives, en droit du travail comme en droit économique. Des distributeurs connaissant un même degré de dépendance à leur fournisseur peuvent être traités de façon différente sans justification au regard des fondements des règles considérées. Il existe ainsi des inégalités de traitement. Il est donc proposé un nouveau droit de la dépendance des distributeurs, plus cohérent et égalitaire. Celui-ci se traduirait par un statut légal des distributeurs remplaçant les multiples statuts spéciaux existants, traçant une frontière plus nette avec le droit du travail et conciliant les intérêts des distributeurs avec la liberté des fournisseurs d’organiser la distribution de leurs produits et services. Dépassant la notion trop restrictive de contrat et les conflits de qualification, ce statut viserait la relation de distribution et prévoirait un régime appréhendant la complexité et l’évolutivité de la dépendance des distributeurs grâce à l’information, à une garantie de revenus et différentes indemnités de fin de relationDistributors are economic intermediaries because they offer on the market goods and services produced or served by others (the suppliers). This research demonstrates that the degree of protection offered by the Law to the various distributors isn’t correlated with their degree of dependence towards suppliers. The qualifications of dependence are numerous, incoherent and sometimes artificially restrictive or extensive, in labour law as in business law. Distributors experiencing a same degree of dependence towards their supplier can be treated differently without any justification regarding the grounds of the rules in question. Hence, appear inequalities towards the Law. Therefore, new legal rules are suggested. They would take the form of a statute ruling distributors and replacing the numerous statutes in force at the present time. It would draw a clearer line between labour law and business law and conciliate the distributors’ interests with the freedom of suppliers to organize the distribution of their goods and services. Going other the too restrictive notion of contact and the conflicts between qualifications, this statute would rule the relation of distribution and contain rules comprehending the complex and changing nature of dependence. It would ensure sufficient information of distributors and offer them an income guarantee and various compensations when the relation is terminated
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Murphy, Michael W., and Michael E. Barkenhagen. "The Sunset Supply Base long term COTS supportability, implementing affordable methods and processes." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1154.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited.This thesis represents a cross Systems Command (NAVSEA/NAVAIR) developed product. The product - the Sunset Supply Base (SSB) system - provides a complete system for addressing the risks and supportability issues involved with Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) products in Navy combat and support systems. The SSB system was implemented on three Navy combat weapon systems at various phases of the product development life cycle. The main body provides to the Program Management Offices (PMO) and other decision makers, a high level summary of performance expectations. Appendix A - The Sunset Supply Base Architecture - identifies at a high level of abstraction a collaborative architecture providing a roadmap for design and development of the SSB system. Appendix B - The Systems Engineering Development and Implementation (SEDI) plan - is a prescriptive or "How to" manual describing activities that have been used to successfully implement the SSB system. Appendix C - Business Case Analysis (BCA) - presents the data collected as a result of SEDI plan implementation then addresses the business/programmatic attributes showing the viability and value proposition possible through the SSB system. Appendix D - The Marketing Plan for the SSB system - defines methods and practices necessary to establish the SSB system as the alternative of choice.
Chemical Engineer, United States Navy
Systems Engineer, United States Navy
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Li, Nan. "Digital control strategies for DC/DC SEPIC converters towards integration." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00760064.
Full textAbstract:
The use of SMPS (Switched mode power supply) in embedded systems is continuously increasing. The technological requirements of these systems include simultaneously a very good voltage regulation and a strong compactness of components. SEPIC ( Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter) is a DC/DC switching converter which possesses several advantages with regard to the other classical converters. Due to the difficulty in control of its 4th-order and non linear property, it is still not well-exploited. The objective of this work is the development of successful strategies of control for a SEPIC converter on one hand and on the other hand the effective implementation of the control algorithm developed for embedded applications (FPGA, ASIC) where the constraints of Silicon surface and the loss reduction factor are important. To do it, two non linear controls and two observers of states and load have been studied: a control and an observer based on the principle of sliding mode, a deadbeat predictive control and an Extended Kalman observer. The implementation of both control laws and the Extended Kalman observer are implemented in FPGA. An 11-bit digital PWM has been developed by combining a 4-bit Δ-Σ modulation, a 4-bit segmented DCM (Digital Clock Management) phase-shift and a 3-bit counter-comparator. All the proposed approaches are experimentally validated and constitute a good base for the integration of embedded switching mode converters
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Lai, Yao-Hui, and 賴耀輝. "A STUDY ON SUPPLIER SELECTION FACTORS FOR NON-LIFE INSURANCE BROKER." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67356145107916413788.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
96
The purpose of this research is to seek for major selection factors that are most care about by dealers during selection of suppliers from the angle of dealers through analysis on the relationship characteristics of the cooperation between suppliers and dealers. This can serve as a reference for non-life insurance companies when they are formulating amendments on the marketing strategy on insurance brokers and agents. In regard to viewpoints brought up by scholars in relevant literatures, major factors for selecting supplier by dealer includes quality, delivery, price, service, brand, trust, commitment, satisfaction and bond. Based on in-depth interview investigation method and through proofs during handling of cases by dealers, this research discovers major factors for selecting suppliers by dealers. Research findings: Quality, service process quality, delivery, price, brand, trust, satisfaction, claim and best solution scheme, will be the major factors of selection insurance company for non-life insurance brokers and agents. Among the important factors of selecting insurance company, the importance of the service process quality, claim and trust are higher than quality, delivery, price, brand, satisfaction and best solution scheme for non-life insurance broker and agent. What the final customer will face with and the service required are what insurance brokers and agents and non-life insurance companies should strive to solve. The purpose of the service of non-life insurance company is to be able to examine, review and improve problems reflected by insurance brokers and dealers at any time and to present innovative product and solution plan so that finally the goal of maximum satisfaction on customer service can be achieved.
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Lobanga, Kaluka Paul. "The extent and impact of non-compliant plumbing components installed in South Africa." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3093.
Full textAbstract:
M.Ing.With an ever-increasing population and a decrease in availability of fresh water, the sustainable and secure supply of fresh water is a growing concern worldwide, and particularly so in South Africa. Plumbing systems have a significant impact on both the efficient use of water and water losses because high quality plumbing components can reduce wastage and leakage, while inferior components increase the risk of failures and leakage and can even have health impacts in case of leaching of toxic elements or contamination of drinking water. In recent years, South Africa has seen a plethora of imported and pirated plumbing components introduced onto the local market. While South African legislation requires that only plumbing components approved by the South African Bureau of Standards or Water Services Authorities (municipalities) shall be installed, it does not explicitly prohibit the importation and sale of non-compliant components. The availability of non-compliant components on the market combined with insufficient enforcement of legislation, have created a situation where many non-compliant components are installed, although the extent of this problem was not known at the start of the project. The study aimed to quantify the extent of non-compliant plumbing components installed in South Africa, as well as the impact this will have on future water demands and losses. Various research methods were used including literature reviews, surveys and interviews with role players, search of available plumbing components for sale in South Africa, on-site visits and analysis of some case studies. The study found that about 50% of plumbing components installed in South Africa do not comply with legal requirements. Because these components are of poor quality, they hurt the local industry whose components cost more in order to comply with SABS standards. Therefore, they suffer from reduced market share and lower profit margins, and South African job losses occur in the sector. In general, compliant Summary components are up to 135% more expensive than non-compliant components. This study also found that even plumbers who are IOPSA members, and therefore bound by a code of conduct to use only compliant components, install non-compliant components. The site visits to some government low-cost housing developments showed that less than 10% of the plumbing components installed were compliant, and a major problem with non-compliant components was leakage. Therefore if the situation does not change, on-site water leaks will remain a great concern in South Africa. In order to address this situation the main suggestions are better enforcement of legislation, better training and control of plumbers and restrictions on the importation of non-compliant components.
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"Applications of non-identical multi-quantum well semiconductor optical amplifier." 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892972.
Full textAbstract:
Wan Shan Mei.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1 --- History of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier In Optical Networks --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Comparisons of SOAs With Other Amplifiers --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Raman Amplifiers --- p.5
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Parametric Amplifiers --- p.7
Chapter 1.3 --- The Need of SO A for Wavelength Conversion in Optical Networks --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.1 --- General Applications of SOAs --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Wavelength Conversion of SOAs --- p.9
Chapter 1.4 --- Cross Gain Modulation (XGM) --- p.11
Chapter 1.5 --- Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) --- p.13
Chapter 1.6 --- Four Wave Mixing (FWM) --- p.16
Chapter 1.7 --- Bi-refringence Switching --- p.19
Chapter 1.8 --- Conclusion --- p.22
Chapter 1.9 --- References --- p.22
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Physics of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier and Background of Quantum Well Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
Chapter 2.1 --- Physics of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier --- p.26
Chapter 2.1.1 --- General Structure of SOAs --- p.26
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Principles of Optical Amplification --- p.27
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Material Gain Coefficient --- p.29
Chapter 2.1.4 --- Bulk Material Properties of SOAs --- p.32
Chapter 2.1.5 --- Spontaneous Emission Noise --- p.34
Chapter 2.1.6 --- Polarization Sensitivity --- p.37
Chapter 2.1.7 --- Dynamics Effects --- p.38
Chapter 2.2 --- Background of Quantum Wells Semiconductor Optical Amplifier --- p.38
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Definition of Quantum Well SOAs --- p.38
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Different Types of Quantum Well SOAs --- p.39
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Quantization of the Conduction Band and Valence Band --- p.40
Chapter 2.3 --- Comparison Between Bulk and Quantum Well SOAs --- p.44
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Gain Bandwidth --- p.44
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Polarization Dependence --- p.44
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Saturation Output Power --- p.45
Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion --- p.46
Chapter 2.5 --- References --- p.46
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Wideband Wavelength Conversion by XGM in Asymmetrical Multiple Quantum Well Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (AMQW-SOA)
Chapter 3.1 --- Background of Wideband Asymmetrical Multiple Quantum Well Semiconductor Optical Amplifier --- p.47
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Sequence Influence of Non-identical InGaAsP Quantum Wells on SO A Broadband Characteristics --- p.47
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Influence of Separate Confinement Heterostructure on Emission Bandwidth InGaAsP SOAs --- p.54
Chapter 3.2 --- Wideband Wavelength Conversion --- p.58
Chapter 3.2.1 --- First Experiment of Wideband Wavelength Conversion from 1.5 μm to 14 μm by XGM in AMQW-SOA --- p.62
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Second Experiment of Wideband Wavelength Conversion from 1.5 μm to 1.4μm by XGM with 2.5 Gbit/s in AMQW-SOA --- p.64
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Third Experiment of Investigation of Wavelength Conversion from 15 μm to 1.5 μm/1.3 μm by XGM in AMQW-SOA --- p.67
Chapter 3.3 --- Conclusion --- p.69
Chapter 3.4 --- References --- p.71
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Wavelength Conversion by Birefringence Switchingin Asymmetrical Multiple Quantum Well Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (AMQW-SOA)
Chapter 4.1 --- First Experiment of Wideband Wavelength Conversion from 1.5 μm to 1.4 μm by Birefringence Switching in AMQW-SOA --- p.74
Chapter 4.2 --- Second Experiment of Investigation of Wavelength Conversion from 1.5 μm to 1.5μm by Birefringence Switching in AMQW-SOA --- p.76
Chapter 4.3 --- Conclusion --- p.78
Chapter 4.4 --- References --- p.79
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Asymmetrical Multiple Quantum Well Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (AMQW-SOA) for Pattern-Effect Free Gain
Chapter 5.1 --- Examples Methods of Pattern Effect Compensation --- p.81
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Suppression of Pattern Dependent Effects from a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier using an Optical Delay Interferometer (ODI)
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Acceleration of Gain Recovery in QD-SOA --- p.84
Chapter 5.2 --- Background Theory of Quantum Well Reservoirs and Carrier Transit Time --- p.87
Chapter 5.3 --- First Experiment of Pattern Effect Free Amplification in AMQW-SOA --- p.92
Chapter 5.4 --- Second Experiment of Pattern Effect Free Amplification in AMQW-SOA --- p.97
Chapter 5.5 --- Conclusion --- p.102
Chapter 5.6 --- References --- p.103
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion and Future Work
Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusion --- p.105
Chapter 6.2 --- Future Work --- p.108
Appendix Butterfly Photonic Packaging --- p.109
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"A practical bedsheet system for the non-contact and continuous monitoring of heart electric activities." 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893534.
Full textAbstract:
Wu, Kin Fai.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-91).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
槪要 --- p.ii
Acknowledgements --- p.iii
Table of Contents --- p.iv
List of Figures --- p.vi
List of Tables --- p.x
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Outline of the Proposed Design --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Purposes of the Present Study --- p.2
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background and Literature Review --- p.4
Chapter 2.1 --- Electrocardiogram --- p.4
Chapter 2.2 --- Conventional ECG Measurement --- p.7
Chapter 2.3 --- Heart Rate --- p.8
Chapter 2.4 --- Heart Rate Variability --- p.9
Chapter 2.5 --- Capacitive Sensing --- p.11
Chapter 2.6 --- Review of ECG Monitoring System by Capacitive Sensing On a Sleeping Bed --- p.14
Chapter Chapter 3 --- System Design and Implementation --- p.17
Chapter 3.1 --- Hardware --- p.17
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Bedsheet Sensor --- p.17
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Pre-amplifier --- p.21
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Measuring Device --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Power Supply & PCB Layout --- p.49
Chapter 3.2 --- Software --- p.52
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Detection of R Waves --- p.52
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Tracking of HR & Mean RR Intervals --- p.55
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Estimation of Signal-to-Noise Ratios --- p.56
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Preliminary Tests on the Functionality of the Proposed System --- p.57
Chapter 4.1 --- Test I - Test on the Arrangement of Electrodes --- p.57
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Methods --- p.57
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Results --- p.60
Chapter 4.2 --- Test II - Test on the ECG Measurement of Subjects in Different Sleeping Postures --- p.64
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Methods --- p.64
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Results --- p.65
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Experiments on the Performance of Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR --- p.69
Chapter 5.1 --- Experiment I - Experiment on the Reliability of the Proposed System for Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR on Thirty Subjects --- p.69
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Methods --- p.70
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Results --- p.70
Chapter 5.2 --- Experiment II - Experiment on the Feasibility of the Proposed System for Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR on a Subject During an Eight-hour Sleep --- p.75
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Materials --- p.76
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Methods --- p.76
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Results --- p.77
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Discussions --- p.81
Chapter 6.1 --- Selection of the Passband of the Proposed Circuit --- p.81
Chapter 6.2 --- Arrangement of Electrodes on the Bedsheet --- p.82
Chapter 6.3 --- Practical Design of Electrodes --- p.83
Chapter 6.4 --- Performance of Continuous Monitoring of HR by Using the Proposed System --- p.84
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.86
References --- p.88
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Wang, Hsiao-Yi, and 王曉怡. "The Influence of Newly Engine Maintenance Mode on Non-OEM Supplier -The Case of C Company." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/acbv2m.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
106
In recent years, commercial aircraft powerplant manufacturers have change their business policy toward aftermarket, and tend to contract with customer under the premise that allow them to acquire full control of powerplant management for their clients’ fleet. Under such condition, repair stations that are out of original manufacturers supply chain, whether providing maintenance service in OEM (Original Equipment Manufacture）or DER (Designated Engineering Representatives) methods, or supplying PMA (Parts Manufacturer Authority) components, are significantly impacted. This thesis is developed based on the nine factors of the business model proposed in the book "Business Model Generation" written by Osterwalder & Pigneur. The subject of study is a “C Company”, which have the capability to perform OEM and DER repair, and manufacturing PMA components. The thesis focus on analyzation of the strategies and alterations that may be taken by the C Company in respond to impact mentioned above. The result shall provide a reference for the industry and other relative business for developing their future strategy.This thesis is performed by using case study from qualitative research. Through in-depth structural interview and data collection, this research reveals the adjustment of operation policy and development direction taken by C Company in value proposition, market segmentation, marketing channel, key partnership and business model. In the conclusion paragraph of this thesis, the company''s operational challenges and responding strategies for new and old engines type are summarized and analyzed. Because the C Company already well experienced, and growth in remarkable scale on powerplant component maintenance and PMA manufacturing, this thesis provides key recommendations for other business entities as reference: 1. Cooperate with original manufacturer and become authorized service provider; 2. Cooperate with airlines, engine operators or engine MRO (Maintenance, Repair, Overhaul) shops; 3. Industrialize additional servicing project to expand sources of income; 4. Develop new market, especially the Asia regions where domestic demands in aviation industry are rapidly expanding due to economy growth. Joint venture with local entities may improve market acceptance.
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Trueg, Moritz Mortimer. "(Non) - Demand driven servitization: strategic implications for suppliers from incorporating their customers up front." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/14627.
Full textAbstract:
Double Degree. A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Master’s Degree in Management from NOVA – School of Business and Economics and a Masters Degree in International Business, Strategy and Innovation from Maastricht UniversityThis research explores customers’ need of and readiness to adapt to a servitization move of their supplier. Insights are gathered from 14 in-depth interviews with customers, consultants, and employees of one of the largest animal health suppliers worldwide. The semi-structured interviews allowed for an open exchange of opinions before a possible move towards a stronger service orientation by a supplier. From these interviews, eight dimensions are deemed important to evaluate options for a servitization of the supplier’s business. Findings show that services are considered to become increasingly important in the future but that a goods-dominant logic is still dominant in the industry. The need and readiness for a servitization are estimated differently by the three interview groups. Insights from these different perspectives motivated strategic implications for the supplier for an implementation of a stronger service orientation. Furthermore, these implications are translated into a fivestep proposition path: Cohesion, Education, Appreciation, Deprivation, and Preparation.
NSBE - UNL
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Lim, Sungkyun 1975. "Analysis and design of electrically small antennas for non-line-of-sight communications." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3150.
Full textAbstract:
As the demand for compact, portable communication electronics increases, the technology of miniaturization has made great progress. A beneficiary of that progress has been research into new concepts for the antenna, one of the essential components in wireless communications. As the size of an antenna becomes smaller, however, the antenna suffers from high Q and low radiation resistance. The results are narrow bandwidth, poor matching, low efficiency, and, more generally, poor performance throughout the communication system. First, the design of a small antenna for HF/VHF communications is described. As the operating frequency of an antenna decreases, for example, into the HF and low VHF regions, the physical size of the antenna becomes a critical issue. It is desirable to design a truly electrically small antenna by reducing the ground plane size. Moreover, when the antenna size is very small, the bandwidth of the antenna is extremely narrow, which is critical to various deployment variances and propagation effects such as multi-path fading. The new design, which is an inductively coupled, top-loaded, monopole structure optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA), maximizes transmission of HF/VHF waves. Electrically small, spiral ground planes for the monopole and the electrically small antenna are designed for HF ground-wave transmission. In addition, a tunable small antenna is investigated that overcomes the narrow-bandwidth limitation of electrically small antennas. Second, new design methodologies for electrically small antennas are discussed. Use of an inductively coupled feed is one of the well-known methods for boosting input resistance. As the antenna size becomes smaller, however, it is found that the efficiency of an antenna using an inductively coupled feed is lower than an antenna using multiple folds. After a comparison of the two methods, the design of a thin, multiply folded, electrically small antenna is proposed for achieving high efficiency in a physically compact size. The GA is used to assess the effect of geometry on the performance (in terms of efficiency and bandwidth) of the electrically small antennas, including the folded conical helix and folded spherical helix. Finally, the prospects of using the new Yagi antennas to achieve small size are explored. Yagi antennas are used widely to obtain high gain in a simple structures. The antenna is composed of the driven element and the parasitic elements, which include a reflector and one or more directors. Typically, sufficient spacing on the order of 0.15[lambda] to 0.4[lambda] between the driven element and the parasitic elements is needed for the Yagi antenna to operate well. For some applications, however, it is desirable to reduce the spacing and the length of the elements to achieve a physically more compact size. In this dissertation, closely spaced, folded Yagi antennas in both three dimensions and two dimensions are investigated, and a design for an electrically small Yagi antenna is suggested.text
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Ho, Min-Hsuan, and 何玟漩. "Assessment of the effects of physiological loads and subjective discomforts for the supplied-air respirators compared with the non-powered air-purifying respirators." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21994195386298281471.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國醫藥大學
職業安全衛生學系碩士班
98
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of using supplied-air respirator (SAR) that has lower breathing resistance compared with the usually employed non-powered air-purifying respirators (NAPR) on the effects of physiological loads and subjective discomforts. The first experiment compared SAR by using three different flows (60, 90, 120 L/min) with NAPR in two constant work load (light load 45W, moderate load 85W) in a 10-min ergometer cycling work. The second experiment compared SAR using constant flow 120 L/min with NAPR for short duration and prolonged work condition (10 min and 40 min). The evaluated dependent variables in both experiments included working heart rate (HRwork), work pulse (WP), oxygen consumption (VO2), peak inspiratory and expiratory pressure (PIP, PEP), inside inner quarter mask temperature (IT) and subjective rate of perceptual exertion (RPE). Sixteen and twelve physically fit male university students voluntarily participated in these two experiments. Our results indicated that the use of SAR, compared with NAPR in the same work load and work time, significantly decreased WP, VO2, IT, PIP and RPE, except that HRwork, which significantly decreased 4~5 bpm only in the second experiment. In the first experiment, we found that the flow of SAR should be at least 90 L/min in the light work load and 120 L/min in moderate load to function effectively with significantly decreasing WP and VO2. The second experiment indicated that HRwork and WP increased significantly at the first 30min and stayed constant after for both SAR and NAPR. Furthermore, we found VO2 significantly increased for 0.03~0.07 L/min, 0.01 L/min for SAR and NAPR, respectively, during the prolonged condition. This study indicates that the use of SAR can significantly decrease physiological load and RPE compared with NAPR. The flow setting of SAR should be carefully designed according to the work load. The work-rest ratios under the prolonged condition should also be adjusted to avoid excessive physiological load. The potable powered-air purify respirators (PAPR) may be a solution for the limited work area while using SAR. Our study may help the flow settings for the development of PAPR.
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Chou, Te-Hung, and 周德鴻. "Applying AHP to investigate the performance evaluation of non-Apple tablet-based I2S audio codec suppliers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67438404624427546640.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
管理學院管理科學學程
103
The PC OEM companies target mobile and low power devices as the new revenue catalyst over the past decade. Based on this trend, new interface is required to meet up the new specification in order to be applied by tablets and smart phones. In terms of the audio interface, it changes from High Definition Audio (HDA) into Integrated Interchip Sound (I2S). By using Analytic hierarchy process approach（AHP）methodology, we tried to structure the model to define the key factors for PC Tablet OEMs and IC suppliers. These key factors could facilitate them for following product selection and IC development. The results of this research could be applied for the decision making process of selecting the proper solution for new product launch. Additionally, the insights from this study could be referred as the key factors to the PC industry for successful product development.
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Li, Wan Chi, and 李宛錡. "The Study of the Supplier Selection Mechanism for Military Non-Staple Food Based on Resource-Based View and Transaction Cost Theory." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29789956660355128081.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國防大學
運籌管理學系
104
The Non-staple Food Supply Center ( NFSC ), since 1980, has been responsible for providing army in a good quality, inexpensive, convenient, diverse Food material procurement market and focus on the management of the food safety and sanitation. In decades, after experienced several organizational changes, the NFSC has already facing staff streamlined and staff turnover dilemma. During this period, folk Various patterns stores everywhere, the Logistics and distribution industry flourish, providing consumers with convenience and diversification of the shopping service. In order to improve the effectiveness of non-staple food supply, and to adapt to future changing environment, to emerge the conception of "integration of procurement source", considering the current food supply system for non-staple food supply station is outsourcing to megastores from the private sector.This study is applied analytic network process to discuss the non-staple food supplier selection which major and secondary selection criteria are, it is going to provide recommendations of evaluation items and weights to the NFSC conducting the procurement in future. This article is based on resource-based view and transaction cost theory, and has collected nine main criteria and 44 sub-criteria from the literature related to non-staple food supplier selection, to establish the first phase of revised Delphi questionnaire. By 11 experts, including the NFSC, procurement unit, scholars in related fields and with practical experience. It is obtained to the dependency and feedback relationship and the relative weighting between primary and secondary criteria after four stages expert questionnaire.Finally, we conducted Super Decisions which is a free software to derive a limited super matrix, then the objective weight of criteria showed out. The ranking is according to their importance, the primary criteria is sequentially safety and sanitation management, product quality, service quality, and customer service; Secondary criterion part, the sequence is Non-staple food quality control system, inspection system, the audit of the upstream suppliers, transportation safety and sanitation, delivery time, operating environment and clean, personnel to operate sanitary, sources of raw materials, testing and use of ingredient , product labeling, raw material supplier audit / evaluation system, temporary and emergency orders, for outsourcing foundry audit / evaluation system, sales returned system. The result of this study is Non-staple food quality control system, inspection system, the audit of the upstream suppliers are the first three important, it is not only happened to meet the expectations of current community on food safety and sanitation management and control, but also NFSC must pay attention to seek the service performance of the external resources in the future.
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Suan, Law Chee, and 羅綺萱. "To create a Supplier Quality Management Processes Model from the view of Total Quality Management(TQM)-And apply it on a Note Book Industry in Taiwan as a demonstration." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64971434224832103371.
Full text
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Brás, Teresa Maria Armada. "The Effects of Extreme Weather Disasters in the European Food Availability." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/116038.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last 20 years, it was reported an increase in worldwide extreme weather disasters (EWD), such
as droughts (+29%), floods (+134%), and extreme temperature (+232%) like heatwaves. While the
mortality rate of these events decreased, EWD are associated with a significant increase in economic
damage and in the number of people affected (> 3 billion). The EWD can significantly impact agriculture
by exacerbating fluctuations in crop yields and, consequently, in food availability and food prices. Thus,
by means of the interconnections of the world food system, EWD have potential to threaten local to
global food security. The challenges for agriculture are not only linked to changes in the long-term
average climate, but particularly to EWD, which are usually more impactful and generally more uncertain.
However, in the occasion of EWD occurrence, national and international disaster loss databases typically
report populations affected and damage to human infrastructure, but rarely report damage or losses in
the agriculture sector. As a result, agricultural impacts associated with these events are not well
quantified across larger spatial scales. In particular, it remains insufficiently understood what are the
trends in crop losses, and what are the implications that EWD may represent to food trade.
The European Union (EU) was chosen as a case study, as it is one of the largest global exporter and
importer of agri-food products, with its food system deeply linked with other regions. Here, disaster
records were used as a metric for extreme weather event impact analysis. Records of droughts,
heatwaves, floods, and cold waves (EM-DAT) were combined with observational agricultural data
(FAOSTAT) to evaluate disasters crop responses in Europe and in its Non-EU food suppliers. A
superposed epoch analysis (SEA) a time series statistical method used in data analysis was used to
estimate the impact of EWD on the average production, yield, and harvested area of selected crops. The
larger implications of disaster impacts in Non-EU food suppliers to the EU food imports, were explored
based on the import share per supplier (EUROSTAT). At the EU level, in addition to the SEA to estimate
crop impacts, the trend of production anomalies was evaluated over time, per disaster type and per
bioclimatic region. The research carried out allows to assess the effects of EWD in the EU food
availability, while expanding the analysis to different crops and geographical regions. In particular, the
exposure of the EU food import dependency to EWD was evaluated, and also the degree of loss in the
EU crop production resulting from the occurrence of such events.
Despite a diversified external market, the EWD impacts on crops grown in Non-EU suppliers represent
a substantial and negative exposure to EU food imports. Production losses of soybeans, tropical fruits,
and cocoa associated to droughts and heatwaves but also floods, lead to an overall decline, up to 16%,
in the EU import-weighted share of each crop. At the EU level, the severity of aggregated heatwave and
drought impacts on crop production roughly tripled over the last 50 years. In particular, in every new year
with a drought, the EU cereal production losses increase by 3%. The frequency of droughts, heatwaves,
floods, and cold waves significantly increased over time. Major losses are found for cereals, but also
vegetables and oil crops in the Eastern countries, while smaller losses are estimated in Southern but
also Central European countries. Even though using a weather disaster record for crop impact analyses
has limitations, it offers a unique and standardized metric indicating that, at the EU level, climate change
is already driving increasing crop losses in observational records. Understanding the effects of EWD on
crop responses in the past and present climate contributes to the discussion of strategies and priorities
in view of improving food systems resilience, including on the potential role of trade policies to support
adaptation actions.