Academic literature on the topic 'Non-wetting additives'
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Journal articles on the topic "Non-wetting additives"
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Afshar, Saied, and Claude Allaire. "Furnaces: Improving low cement castables by non-wetting additives." JOM 53, no. 8 (August 2001): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-001-0130-8.
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Barandehfard, Faranak, James Aluha, AliReza Hekmat-Ardakan, and François Gitzhofer. "Improving Corrosion Resistance of Aluminosilicate Refractories towards Molten Al-Mg Alloy Using Non-Wetting Additives: A Short Review." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 14, 2020): 4078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184078.
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The corrosion of refractories in contact with high temperature aluminum-magnesium alloys leads to contamination of the Al-Mg alloy products by solid impurities from degraded refractories. Where both the spinel and corundum phases form in the refractories, cracks are generated and propagated by diffusion of molten Al-Mg, resulting in severe corrosion. In this review paper, the corrosion phenomenon is discussed, and published work is summarized, supplemented by our recent experimental results. Using the Alcan immersion test, materials based on white-fused mullite (WFM) were evaluated for their corrosion resistance and interfacial behavior. WFM was modified using different 2-wt.% of non-wetting additives (NWAs), such as BaSO4, CaF2, Secar®71 cement and wollastonite to improve their performance when in contact with molten Al-Mg alloy at 850 °C for 96 h. The mechanical properties of the samples such as flexural and compressive strength were evaluated, in addition to X-ray diffraction and microscopic analysis (optical and scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray elemental mapping). It was observed that cracks formed in samples were promoted with only BaSO4, CaF2, Secar®71 cement or wollastonite. However, cracks did not appear in the sample promoted with both 1-wt.% CaF2 and 1-wt.% BaSO4, because of improved anti-wetting properties in addition to inhibiting spinel (MgAl2O4) formation, which is the main cause of the cracks. This is a significant finding in the prevention of cracks and improvement of the refractory corrosion resistance.
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Naderi, Golsa, Hamid Reza Rezaie, Ali Shokuhfar, and Rahim Naghizadeh. "Effect of Colloidal Silica and Nano Boehmite Mixture on Reaction Sintering, Microstructure and Physical Properties of Tialite." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.554.
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Aluminum titanate (Al2TiO5) is an engineering ceramic with low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal shock resistance, good refractoriness and non-wetting with most metals. In this work the use of colloidal silica and nano boehmite mixture in proper stoichiometry of mullite in aluminum-titanate (tialite) has been studied. Analytical structural evaluations including XRD, TEM and SEM have been used to characterize the influence of these additives on phase transformation, sintering process and microstructure. The results show that the presence of nano size silica and boehmite enhanced the densification leads to fine microstructure, mullite phase formation and improve the tialite ceramics properties.
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Smith-Fiola, Deborah C., and Anne B. Gould. "EFFECTS OF A HYDROGEL, WETTING AGENT, AND METALAXYL ON PHYTOPHTHORA WILT IN CONTAINER-GROWN RHODODENDRON." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 631a—631. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.631a.
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Phytophthora wilt, caused by the root-infecting fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi, is a serious disease of rhododendron. The symptoms of this disease include wilt, dieback, and death of nursery cuttings as well as large plants. The effects of two soil additives, Supersorb (a hygrogel) and Aquagro (a wetting agent), with and without Metalaxyl (Subdue 2E), were assessed on decreasing the incidence of Phytophthora wilt in container grown `Nova Zembla' rhododendron. Rooted cuttings grown in amended or non-amended mix were inoculated with P. cinnamomi. Metalaxyl treatments were applied once at the full label rate of 4 fl oz/100 gal at planting, or twice (at planting and 8 wks later) at 1 or 2 fl oz/100 gal. Trials were conducted from June to September in the greenhouse (1990) and outdoors (1991). Plant growth and disease incidence were evaluated weekly. In both trials, the Supersorb and Aquagro treatments did not affect disease incidence, although they did significantly affect plant growth. All metalaxyl treatments reduced disease incidence significantly when compared to controls.
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Scott, KJ, J. O'Loughlin, B. England, and EA Roberts. "Effects of water rinses after calcium chloride dips, with and without additives, on the control of bitter pit of apples." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36, no. 2 (1985): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9850305.
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Studies on the control of bitter pit in apples after harvest were conducted during two seasons in Tasmania and New Zealand. The cultivars, Cox's Orange Pippin, Sturmer Pippin, Golden Delicious, Delicious and Cleopatra, which are susceptible to bitter pit on overseas markets, were examined. Bitter pit was reduced and calcium content of the fruit increased, by dipping the fruit in calcium chloride solutions (1-3% w/v). The addition of diphenylamine or the non-ionic wetting agent, Agral 60 (ICI Australia), had little effect on the control of bitter pit or on the calcium content of the treated fruit. Rinsing in water even 1 or 2 days after dipping did not significantly increase the incidence of bitter pit or lower the calcium content of the fruit. There was no difference in the incidence of bitter pit between fruit stored at ambient temperature (15-20�C) or at 3-5�C during the interval between dipping and rinsing. Dipping apples in calcium chloride followed, after 1 or more days, by a water rinse may be suitable commercially for reducing bitter pit in a number of cultivars.
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Squillace, Ophélie, Rebecca Fong, Oliver Shepherd, Jasmine Hind, James Tellam, Nina-Juliane Steinke, and Richard L. Thompson. "Influence of PVAc/PVA Hydrolysis on Additive Surface Activity." Polymers 12, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010205.
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This aims to establish design rules for the influence of complex polymer matrices on the surface properties of small molecules. Here, we consider the dependence of the surface behaviour of some model additives on polymer matrix hydrophobicity. With stoichiometric control over hydrolysis, we generate systematic changes in matrix chemistry from non-polar, hydrophobic PVAc to its hydrolysed and hydrophilic analogue, PVA. With the changing degree of hydrolysis (DH), the behaviour of additives can be switched in terms of compatibility and surface activity. Sorbitol, a polar sugar-alcohol of inherently high surface energy, blooms to the surface of PVAc, forming patchy domains on surfaces. With the increasing DH of the polymer matrix, its surface segregation decreases to the point where sorbitol acts as a homogeneously distributed plasticiser in PVA. Conversely, and despite its low surface energy, octanoic acid (OA) surprisingly causes the increased wettability of PVAc. We attribute these observations to the high compatibility of OA with PVAc and its ability to reorient upon exposure to water, presenting a hydrophilic COOH-rich surface. The surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) does not show such a clear dependence on the matrix and formed wetting layers over a wide range of DH. Interestingly, SDS appears to be most compatible with PVAc at intermediate DH, which is consistent with the amphiphilic nature of both species under these conditions. Thus, we show that the prediction of the segregation is not simple and depends on multiple factors including hydrophobicity, compatibility, blockiness, surface energy, and the mobility of the components.
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Przybyszewski, Bartlomiej, Anna Boczkowska, Rafal Kozera, Julio Mora, Paloma Garcia, Alina Aguero, and Ana Borras. "Hydrophobic and Icephobic Behaviour of Polyurethane-Based Nanocomposite Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120811.
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In this paper, hydrophobic nanocomposite coatings based on polyurethane (PUR) modified by nano-silica and silane-based compounds were manufactured by spraying. The main challenge was to assess and improve the hydrophobic as well as anti-icing properties of initially hydrophilic polymer coatings. The prepared nanocomposite coatings were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical profilometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results obtained showed that in order to achieve hydrophobicity, appropriate amounts of nano-silica must be incorporated in the coating, and complete coverage by nano-silica particles is necessary for achieving hydrophobicity. Coating adhesion and the durability of the hydrophobic behaviour were also studied by scratch test and frosting/defrosting cycles, respectively. The results show that use of both nano-silica and silane-based compounds improve the hydrophobic and anti-icing properties of the coating as compared to a non-modified PUR topcoat. A synergistic effect of both additives was observed. It was also found that the anti-icing behaviour does not necessarily correlate with surface roughness and the materials’ wetting properties.
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Patrykiejew, A. "Highly non-additive symmetric mixtures at a wall." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 14 (2018): 9228–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp07942g.
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Guzii, Sergii, Ihar Bazhelka, and Vasyl Lashchivskyi. "STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF COMPOUNDS OF THE ANO3 and ANO3 nH2O TYPES ON RHEOKINETIC AND COLLOID-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINOSILICATE ADHESIVES FOR WOOD." ScienceRise, no. 5 (November 11, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2020.001493.
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In the technology of gluing solid wood, various adhesives are used, which, in addition to ensuring the strength of the gluing, must also be characterized by a number of rheological and colloidal-chemical properties, namely: have acceptable viscosity, low contact angles, have good spreading and enveloping ability, penetrate deep into the wood , providing reliable cohesive-adhesive contact and much more. Today, adhesives based on PVA dispersions and urea formaldehydes are used, the properties of which have been sufficiently studied and tested in practice. An alternative to organic-based adhesives is mineral adhesives, in particular aluminosilicate adhesives, which are non-flammable and have high mechanical strength.
Object of research: rheokinetic patterns and processes of formation of colloidal-chemical structures of aluminosilicate adhesives modified with compounds of the ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O type.
Investigated problem: Considering that aluminosilicate adhesives are multiphase reactive suspensions, the viscosity of which changes over time and affects their viability, the issue of viscosity stabilization due to the introduction of electrolyte salts into their composition is relevant, and will also contribute to improving the wettability and spreading of the adhesive during applying them to substrates and gluing samples from various types of wood.
Main scientific results: The effect of the concentrations of compounds of the ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O type on the rheokinetic and chemical-colloidal properties of the aluminosilicate adhesive has been established, which will make it possible to use aluminosilicate adhesives in practice for gluing wood of various species, as well as to work out possible technological methods of their application, taking into account the obtained data on the viscosity, wetting and spreadability of the modified adhesive on the surface of the wood substrate.
Area of practical use of the research results: woodworking enterprises for the production of glued solid wood products.
Innovative technological product: aluminosilicate adhesives modified with ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O nitrate additives for gluing wood of various species.
Scope of application of an innovative technological product: the application of these approaches will make it possible to obtain glued materials from wood from different species with improved technological and physical and mechanical properties of the glue seam and, accordingly, to increase the quality and reliability of products.
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Kovalchuk, Nina M., Jacques Dunn, Jack Davies, and Mark J. H. Simmons. "Superspreading on Hydrophobic Substrates: Effect of Glycerol Additive." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3020051.
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The spreading of solutions of three trisiloxane surfactants on two hydrophobic substrates, polyethylene and polyvinylidenefluoride, was studied with the addition of 0–40 mass % of glycerol. It was found that all the surfactant solutions spread faster than silicone oil of the same viscosity, confirming the existence of a mechanism which accelerates the spreading of the surfactant solutions. For the non-superspreading surfactant, BT-233, addition of glycerol improved the spreading performance on polyvinylidenefluoride and resulted in a transition from partial to complete wetting on polyethylene. The fastest spreading was observed for BT-233 at a concentration of 2.5 g/L, independent of glycerol content. For the superspreading surfactants, BT-240 and BT-278, the concentration at which the fastest spreading occurs systematically increased with concentration of glycerol on both substrates from 1.25 g/L for solutions in water to 10 g/L for solutions in 40% glycerol/water mixture. Thus, the surfactant equilibration rate (and therefore formation of surface tension gradients) and Marangoni flow are important components of a superspreading mechanism. De-wetting of the solutions containing glycerol, once spread on the substrates, resulted in the formation of circular drop patterns. This is in contrast to the solely aqueous solutions where the spread film shrank due to evaporation, without any visible traces being left behind.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-wetting additives"
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Koshy, Pramod Materials Science & Engineering Faculty of Science UNSW. "Effect of chemical additives on the interfacial phenomena of high alumina refractories with al-alloys." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Materials Science & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43559.
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Understanding high temperature interfacial phenomena with Al-alloys is essential for improving corrosion performance of refractories in melting/holding furnaces. Both physical and chemical properties are known to influence wetting and corrosion behaviour. However, uncertainties exist regarding the influence of SiO2 in refractory compositions on interfacial reactions/mechanisms, particularly when present along with non-wetting chemical additives like BaSO4, CaF2 and AlF3. An experimental study was conducted to clarify the interfacial phenomena of Al-alloy7075 with high-alumina refractories at extreme furnace temperatures of 1250??C and 815??C, using classical sessile drop approach and industrial cup tests respectively. At 1250??C, Al-alloy reacted more intensely with SiO2 compared to Al2O3. The interfacial behaviour of SiO2-Al2O3 system with Al-alloy was strongly dependent on SiO2 percentage, such that when upto 25% silica was present, wetting was reduced due to the presence of both original and newly formed corundum. Formation of mullite and originally present silica, along with decreasing corundum contents increased wetting in systems where silica varied from 25-45wt% and more than 45wt% respectively. Moreover, the nature of silica did not influence wetting when present in concentrations less than 20wt%. Different additives produced varying interfacial reactions in the Al-alloy/high-alumina refractory system. AlF3 did not improve the wetting resistance, except when present in high concentrations (>10wt%) in the refractory; this improvement attributed to corundum-rich matrix formation resulting from silica loss as gaseous fluorides. Low CaF2 amounts (<3wt%) improved the wetting resistance due to corundum presence and anorthite formation in the refractory. As CaF2 content exceeded 5wt%, proportion of glassy phases increased, hence enhancing interfacial reactions. However unlike CaF2, low BaSO4 levels (<5wt%) decreased the wetting resistance due to barium silicate formation, while high BaSO4 concentrations (≥10wt%) increased the wetting resistance due to celsian formation. Also, CaF2 dominated interfacial mechanisms when present along with BaSO4 in the refractory. The effect of additives on modifying wetting resistance was found to strongly vary with SiO2 levels of the refractory. The study demonstrated that additive effect is also influenced by treatment temperatures such that generally higher additive amounts are required at lower temperatures for improving the wetting resistance of high-alumina refractories.