Journal articles: 'Non-waste technology'

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Tuffi, Riccardo, Margherita Canditelli, Nazzareno Faustini, Giovanni Pescheta, Ermanno Barni, Lorenzo Cafiero, and Alice Dall'Ara. "Non-Conventional Biostabilisation Technology of Municipal Solid Waste." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 40, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm.2014.175.

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Sister, V. G., V. K. Zhivotov, S. V. Korobtsev, E. M. Ivannikova, and A. I. Yamchuk. "Innovative waste processing technology." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 3-2 (April 10, 2013): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68062.

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The papers presents developments of the department "Engineering ecology of the urban economy" of Moscow State University of Mechanical Engineering (MAMI) of the methods of processing different types of waste. Non-waste gasification technology in the molten metal can process municipal waste to produce synthesis gas and electricity in a gas turbine. The technology has been standardized by type of feedstock, processing possible local fuel resources, including peat, coal, production waste, household waste and other carbon-bearing fuels. Encouraged to use the synthesis gas in cogeneration power plants and power technology complexes. Developed technology for processing and utilization of polymeric materials using new-generation catalysts by low-temperature catalytic pyrolysis. Developed technology for processing food waste to produce feed additives by bioconversion.

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Shibakov, R. V. "Low - and non-waste technology of stamping ring forgings." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 2-2 (March 20, 2013): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68064.

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Beik, Farhad, Leon Williams, Tim Brown, and Stuart T. Wagland. "Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 7689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227689.

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The utilisation of micro-scale thermal treatment technologies for non-sewered applications has been emerging as a prominent route for the safe treatment and disposal of high water content hazardous feedstock. This study provides a comprehensive review of the technological concepts practiced up to date in commercial/pilot and small scales for various types of solid fuels. The respective challenges are critically described and discussed to aid in the selection of promising technology for on-site sanitary applications. Furthermore, the challenges observed with the nominated (pyrolysis) technology are discussed in detail and addressed. This study suggests rapid energy recovery from by-products primarily made up of the highest yield of syngas with a desirable calorific value. The optimum operating ranges are discussed to ensure a reliable thermal conversion of sludge materials considering the application constraints and technology drawbacks. However, further studies are needed to investigate the uncertainties regarding emissions, energy consumption and overall associated costs.

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M, Kumar. "Plasma Technology: An Ultimate Solution for Solid Waste Management." Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 4, no. 2 (2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000159.

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The growth of the population is related to urbanization, development, and industrialization. There found a strong correlation between population, industrialization, and waste production. The famous thermodynamics laws offer insights into the technological/marketing impact on waste production and energy conversion processes. The conventional methods such as land filling, combustion, gasification, incineration, etc. not enough to manage such a huge volume of waste. The non-segregation tendency, consumerism nature makes this waste management work problematic. The paper studies the natural efficiency in the waste management system and also the inability of traditional technology's to handle rapidly increasing waste volume. The plasma-based waste technology is similar to the natural waste management cycle, but with high volume capacity in a short duration. This also has a scope of waste to energy (WtE) conversion. Though plasma has high installation and maintenance costs, revenue generation from byproducts like syngas and slag will create it financially viable.

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Kokieva, Galia, Yurii Shaposhnikov, Anastasia Spiridonova, and Zhanna Sivsheva. "Animal waste utilization technology." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127305005.

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The applicability of learned introduction of anaerobic digestion of animal waste will be obvious after a wide setting of afull-scale experiment and an across-the-board economic feasibility.However, yet today, basing on the domestic and abroad practice on biopowerdigesters engineering and operation,it can be argued that their use is economically advantageous than the traditional system. The obtained experience evidences thatthe cubicle housingof dairy cows is advanced. Milking operation is carried out in a special house, which ramps up milkquality, improves working conditions for milkmaids, and reduces labor costs.The problem of the animal waste impact on environment, especially on natural waters is acute. There is no summarized information about their distribution for fertilization and discharge.Not only liquid animal waste, but also silage sap causepollution. The Energy Program sets the task of widespread involvement of non-conventional energyin the country's energy balance. Biomass is of the great importance among such sources in the agro-industrial complex of the country.Anaerobicmethanoic digestion of animal waste allows evolving biogas – a valuable organic fertilizer with extra biological activityor protein-vitamin concentrates for feed supplementation.Such digestion of animal waste is an effective environmental action that provides its deodorization, reduction of soil and water pollution with repugnant substances and pathogenic microflora, atmospheric emissions (due to removal)

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Abidin, A. Z., E. V. Yemensia, K. W. Wijaya, and A. P. Rahardjo. "Circular Economy on Non-Biodegradable Waste Management with MASARO Technology." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1143, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1143/1/012052.

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Ali, Muhammad, Sudharto P. Hadi, and Maman Soemantri. "Utilization of Information Technology for Non Domestic Waste Management in Semarang City." E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 09014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183109014.

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Garbage problem is often very complex in urban areas. The handling pattern of collecting, transporting and disposing that has been applied up to this day has not yet produced an appropriate solution. This is evident from the data of statistic centre institution in 2015 that 76.31% of the existing waste in the community has not been sorted, while 10.28% sorted to be used and 13.41% sorted to be discarded, showing the community amount of unsorted garbage large enough to necessitate managerial efforts at the waste sources. In designing a systematic and structured waste management system, the generations, compositions, and characteristics of the waste are indispensable. Therefore, a research is conducted on these three dimensions to the non-domestic waste in Semarang City, which involves commercial waste (from the markets, restaurants, and hotels), institutional waste (from the offices and schools). From the research result the average of 0,24kgs/person/day in weight unit of the City’s non-domestical waste generation is derived. The waste composition is dominated by organic waste of around 61.95%, while the rest percentage is inorganic. The management policy is directed with the application of Management Information System model based on Information Technology because of the system’s abilities to effectuate the waste management.

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Bao, Zhen Bo, Deng Chao Jin, Hong Jun Teng, and Yang Li. "The General Process of Medical Waste High Temperature Steam Sterilization Treatment Technology." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1160.

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Medical waste high temperature steam sterilization is a non-incineration sterilization technology. Basing on discussion the principle of medical waste steam sterilization technology, the device composition and treatment process of medical waste steam sterilization were analyzed; the advantages and disadvantages of medical waste steam sterilization technology were compared. At last, the prospects of medical waste high temperature steam sterilization were proposed.

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Radenkovs, Vitalijs, Karina Juhnevica-Radenkova, Paweł Górnaś, and Dalija Seglina. "Non-waste technology through the enzymatic hydrolysis of agro-industrial by-products." Trends in Food Science & Technology 77 (July 2018): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.013.

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Kalinichenko, Valery P. "Biogeosystem Technique as a Paradigm of Non-waste Technology in the Biosphere." Biogeosystem Technique 3, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 4–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/bgt.2015.3.4.

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Matsumura, Katsuhide, Teruyuki Hirai, Hideaki Kitajima, Masaru Hayashi, Yutaka Kanagawa, Toshio Taniguchi, and Michiaki Okamoto. "A Study on Fabrication Technology of Waste Package for Non-combustible Miscellaneous Solid Waste from Nuclear Power Plant." Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Environment 2, no. 1-2 (1996): 153–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3327/jnuce.2.153.

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Xu, Hou Ying. "Harmless Disposal Technology of Waste Drilling Fluid in Liaohe Oilfield." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.674.

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To reduce environmental pollution caused by waste drilling fluid , Liaohe Oilfield takes methods of sewage pit seepage control and waste drilling solidification disposal.Firstly,different impermeable material comparation has been taken , as a result , high-density polyethylene geomembrane (HDPE) was choosn as the impermeable material for sewage pit .which has features of good seepage control, good chemical stability, low price ,non-toxic and environment friendly.According to features of five different landforms in Liaohe Oilfield, corresponding seepage control programs are developed. impermeable material, implementation and measurement of sewage pit are unified and standardized.which prevent contamination of underground water caused by waste drilling fluid effectively. Finally, curing treatment of the waste drilling fluid is carried out ,forming a system engineering to meet the needs of environment protection and costs control.

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Mulyana, Elih, I. Wayan Ratnata, Wasimudin Surya Saputra, and Neris Peri Ardiansyah. "APPLICATION OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY IN HOUSEHOLD WASTE TREATMENT IN SUKAJAYA VILLAGE, WEST BANDUNG REGENCY." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Infomasi Terapan 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/jitter.vol7.iss1.2020.499.

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This paper aims to describe the educational process of household waste management training by applying appropriate technology as part of human resources development in processing household waste. The participation of housewives and non-governmental organizations in this activity is part of increasing sensitivity to the environment to overcome the problem of household waste. The application of appropriate technology in processing household waste is a major part of the PKM (Community Service) activities of the Assisted Village, the technology of organic and inorganic waste chopping machines is used to produce semi-finished materials for compost and paving blocks, at that stage the technology is appropriate to provide added value in the process household waste treatment. The utilization of organic waste powder that is processed with EM4 produces solid compost, and inorganic waste can be processed as a base material for paving blocks. The results of the PKM in the Assisted Village have added value both in improving the quality of environmental cleanliness and increasing employment for the surrounding community in utilizing appropriate technology as a household waste processor.

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Sharma, Piyush, O. P. Pandey, and P. K. Diwan. "Non-isothermal kinetics of pseudo-components of waste biomass." Fuel 253 (October 2019): 1149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.05.093.

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Izmaylova, Dilyara Kyazymovna, and Nikolay Dmitrievich Seliverstov. "ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF ROAD SURFACES RECONSTRUCTIONS IN THE WORLD USING NON-WASTE TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of Advanced Studies 6, no. 3 (May 25, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930x-2016-3-51-62.

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Izmaylova, Dilyara Kyazymovna, and Nikolay Dmitrievich Seliverstov. "ECONOMY OF A NON-WASTE ROAD REPAIRING AND COVERING TECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES." International Journal of Advanced Studies 6, no. 3 (May 25, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930x-2016-3-63-71.

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The article questions the economic feasibility of the use of a non-waste repairing and restoration technology for the road surfaces. While writing this article there were conducted several analyses, for example: analysis of consumption volumes of mineral components of asphalt mixtures based on the geography of the commodity market, analysis of changes in cost of materials considering transport conditions. Also defined the conditions and preferential types of asphalt concrete processing in different countries.

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Kozhemyako, A. V., T. F. Kiselyova, E. A. Vechtomova, E. A. Monastyrskaya, and O. V. Mityakina. "Development of Manufacturing Technology of Non-Waste Production of the Field Vegetable Processing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 224 (February 5, 2019): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/224/1/012058.

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Abdrakhimov, V. Z., A. K. Kairakbaev, and E. S. Abdrakhimova. "The Use in the Production of Clinker Waste of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy and Power Engineering of East Kazakhstan." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-3-14-18.

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The technology of obtaining clinker bricks on the basis of waste of non-ferrous metallurgy – clay part of the "tails" of the gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores and waste of energy – ash of light fraction is considered. The use of non-ferrous metallurgy and energy waste in ceramics contributes to the disposal of industrial waste, environmental protection and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic building materials.

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von der Heyden, C. J., G. C. Pegram, and K. Pema. "Non-point sources and the waste discharge charge system." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (February 1, 2007): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.071.

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The development of a waste discharge charge system (WDCS) in South Africa has been proposed to promote waste reduction and water conservation. The WDCS is based on the polluter pays principle and is designed such that the management of waste discharges achieves resource quality objectives (RQOs) at the minimum total cost to the catchment. Two charges are distinguished: first a charge for optimising use of the resource (incentive charge); and secondly, a charge for development and operation of mitigation measures in the resource (mitigation charge). The WDCS is applied to both point sources and non-point sources (NPS) of contamination. In the inclusion of NPS, the charge system distinguishes between registered and non-registered NPS, with the charge applied to the former group only, in the first instance. This paper introduces the WDCS by describing the principles and the theoretical basis of the WDCS, highlighting the link to RQOs as the benchmark of acceptable externalities. The paper explores the inclusion of NPS in the WDCS, describing: first, the principles of NPS inclusion in the WDCS; secondly, the types of NPS included in the present version of the WDCS; thirdly, the methodology for charge estimation; and finally, non-registered NPS and their potential inclusion in future editions of the WDCS. The paper concludes with remarks and challenges facing the first edition of the WDCS.

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Ourya, I., and S. Abderafi. "Technology comparison for green hydrogen production." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1008, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1008/1/012007.

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Abstract Because of greenhouse gas emissions generated by fossil fuels, it has become essential to find non-polluting alternatives. Hydrogen is generally produced from the steam methane reforming (SMR) process which generates a lot of greenhouse gases. However, there are many other processes to produce hydrogen that are cleaner and should be of interest. This study aims at comparing different existing technologies to produce hydrogen in a clean and non-polluting way, in particular biological and thermochemical processes from biomass and water splitting processes. Their comparison is made by analyzing several parameters such as the type of raw materials, energy sources, efficiency, waste generation, CO2 emissions and, hydrogen production rate. Among the biological processes to produce hydrogen from biomass, dark fermentation seems to be the best due to its high production efficiency. Thermochemical processes are also interesting because of their maturity, but they generate a lot of waste such as tar and ashes. Water splitting processes coupled with renewable energy have the advantage of being zero greenhouse gas generating. The electrolysis is the best from the point of view of production efficiency which reaches 80%.

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Khadke, Swikriti, Pragya Gupta, Shanmukh Rachakunta, Chandreswar Mahata, Suma Dawn, Mohit Sharma, Deepak Verma, et al. "Efficient Plastic Recycling and Remolding Circular Economy Using the Technology of Trust–Blockchain." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169142.

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Global plastic waste is increasing rapidly. In general, densely populated regions generate tons of plastic waste daily, which is sometimes disposed of on land or diverged to sea. Most of the plastics created in the form of waste have complex degradation behavior and are non-biodegradable by nature. These remain intact in the environment for a long time span and potentially originate complications within terrestrial and marine life ecosystems. The strategic management of plastic waste and recycling can preserve environmental species and associated costs. The key contribution in this work focuses on ongoing efforts to utilize plastic waste by introducing blockchain during plastic waste recycling. It is proposed that the efficiency of plastic recycling can be improved enormously by using the blockchain phenomenon. Automation for the segregation and collection of plastic waste can effectively establish a globally recognizable tool using blockchain-based applications. Collection and sorting of plastic recycling are feasible by keeping track of plastic with unique codes or digital badges throughout the supply chain. This approach can support a collaborative digital consortium for efficient plastic waste management, which can bring together multiple stakeholders, plastic manufacturers, government entities, retailers, suppliers, waste collectors, and recyclers.

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Гусева, Marina Guseva, Зылькова, Marina Zylkova, Баннова, Elena Bannova, Кудыкина, et al. "Scientific and technological basis development of food waste recycling technology, using extremophilic yarrowia lipolytica yeast." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 4 (January 13, 2014): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2419.

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A new method for the biotransformation of food waste is proposed. The waste is transformed to feed stock by using a novel bioremediant based on Yarrowia lipolytica, designed to be efficient in economic and environmental disposal of food waste. The toxicological studies of the product were carried out, obtained with the help of the developed technology. Biotransformation of the homogenized food waste for three days under non-sterile conditions provides a complete detoxification of the material as shown in acute and chronic toxicity. In contrast, acute test LD50 for the non-treated waste was 1220 mg/kg for mice and 3170 mg/kg for rats. The weight growth of mice and rats fed on the fermented, native preparation and in control for 10 and 28 days was assessed (multiple administration of the preparations in increasing dosages). After 10 days the mice and rats of group 1 (the waste fermented by Y. lipolytica) demonstrated 14,1% and 15,8% growth (Р<0,01). After 28 days this group exhibited 28,3% growth in mice (Р<0,001), and 25,2% in rats (Р<0,001). Group 2 (native preparation) and group 3 (biological control) demonstrated much less growth (mice/rats): 9,1/9,5 and 9,8/10,5% after 10 days; 18,6/19,1 and 21,2/22,4% after 28 days.

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Zhu, Jian Xin, and Shao Guo Kang. "Development and Application of Plasma Technology for POPs Waste Treatment in China." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.638.

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Plasma is ionized gas-like substance, comprised by the e-deprived atoms and electron-positron. Plasma possess the characteristics of high energy, high thermal capacity, fast response and electric conversion efficiency, which shows unique advantages and good prospects for the effective disposal of POPs wastes. This paper introduced the basic principle and mechanism of plasma arc technology as a non-combustion technology; reviewed the development of application of plasma technology in the processing of HFC23, organic fluoride industrial waste, phenyl chlorosilane residue, medical waste, printed circuit board, chemical weapons and other hazardous wastes; analyzed the major technical and economic advantages and disadvantages for the plasma technologies in the POPs waste treatment; And corresponding comments and suggestions were proposed to promote the application of plasma technology for POPs waste disposal in China.

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Rupani, Parveen, Reza Maleki Delarestaghi, Hossein Asadi, Shahabaldin Rezania, Junboum Park, Madjid Abbaspour, and Weilan Shao. "Current Scenario of the Tehran Municipal Solid Waste Handling Rules towards Green Technology." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 19, 2019): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060979.

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This study aims to study the waste management process and recycling of municipal waste in Tehran. Currently, Kahrizak is the defined landfill area which collects the waste generated from 22 districts of Tehran. The organic wastes undergo to the windrow composting method in order to manage the partial of the waste generated in the city. Samples from the compost pile generated in Kahrizak were examined to evaluate its fertilizer value to be used further by the farmers. The results show that the obtained compost does not reach the acceptable quality to be used further in agriculture, due to lack of homogeneity, aeration and presence of heavy metals. Overall, it has been concluded that, due to the improper waste segregation and management prior to sending to landfill and presence of non-organic materials such as hazardous metals and medical wastes, causes difficulties in proper waste management, implementation and producing high quality compost. Based on this study the existence of stakeholders, society, economy and proper handling rules can effectively improve the waste management system in the country and leads to the sustainable green environment.

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Dyah, Anggraeni, Sri Kurniasih, and Putri Suryandari. "SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR COMMUNITIES TOWARDS RECYCLING VILLAGES ON RT.01 & RT.03 / RW.01 IN PETUKANGAN UTARA, PESANGGRAHAN, JAKARTA SELATAN." ICCD 1, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33068/iccd.vol1.iss1.90.

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One of the settlements in DKI Jakarta close to the location of Budi Luhur University is RT 01 and RT 03 / RW 01 Petukangan Utara Village, Pesanggrahan District, South Jakarta. The hallmark of this settlement is the density of the inhabitants and the density of buildings in the settlement, the unhealthy lifestyle of the residents, and the condition of the neighborhood which looks shabby. The main problem being faced at this time is the lack of public awareness in processing waste. This can be seen in the pattern of life of the people who independently or collectively dispose of rubbish at the Temporary Disposal Site, which has the effect of increasing the number of piles of garbage in Temporary Disposal Sites or Final Disposal Sites. Thus the Budi Luhur University Architecture Study Program will carry out the IbM program Towards Recycle Village in RT 01 and RT 03 / RW 01 Petukangan Utara Village, Pesanggrahan District, South Jakarta. The method of approach is to provide assistance to the community about living in a healthy environment and by providing assistance to the community to learn to reuse waste by recycling the organic and non-organic waste. From the IbM program to Kampung Recycle at RT 01 and RT 03 / RW 01 Petukangan Utara Village, Pesanggrahan District, South Jakarta, which was carried out by the Budi Luhur University Architecture Study Program, an output was produced which helped solve the waste problem which became the priority priority of partners in the form of: organic and non-organic in homes and along roads from new or used materials, natural fertilizers produced from organic waste recycled, handy craft produced from recycled non-organic waste, and the production of Waste Banks equipped with workshop and display areas. Recycle, Organic Waste, Non-Organic Waste

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Joshi, Chandni A., and Jeffrey R. Seay. "An Appropriate Technology Based Solution to Convert Waste Plastic into Fuel Oil in Underdeveloped Regions." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 4 (July 30, 2016): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n4p133.

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<p>Along with population and urbanization in developing countries, the amount of municipal solid waste generated is also increasing. Although programs and initiatives to recycle and manage waste can often be found in the major population centers, these technologies are slow to spread to or are not yet present in the rural areas. Heavily populated urban slums are also lacking in the infrastructure needed to collect and manage trash, particularly plastic packaging. To address this challenge, the University of Kentucky Appropriate Technology and Sustainability (UKATS) research team has developed an appropriate technology based, sustainable solution to convert plastic from Municipal Solid Waste, such as High/Low Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene and Polystyrene into a valuable hydrocarbon fuel, suitable for underdeveloped or poverty stricken communities. The UKATS Processor is designed as a waste minimization solution specifically for underdeveloped communities, comprised of a simple, non-automated, multifunctional processor built using a wood fueled rocket stove as the primary heat source. This processor is designed using the principles of appropriate technology and sustainability and can be constructed using non-standard materials commonly present in rural or underdeveloped areas. This research focuses on utilizing plastic waste to produce a fuel oil product similar to kerosene or diesel in composition.</p>

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Galchenko, Yuriy, and Julia Ozaryan. "Methodology for quantitative assessment of ecological efficiency of geotechnologies." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019203010.

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The article presents the results of work aimed at solving the problem of mining waste generation by creating a methodology of wastefree technology. According to the authors, the problem of solid mining waste can be solved by building a technology with a completely closed cycle of circulation of matter. An integral non-waste coefficient for the field development technology has been proposed, which is defined as the sum of local coefficients obtained for each technological level. By the value of the general coefficient, it is possible to estimate the relative amount of solid waste for an operating mining and processing enterprise, as well as to carry out a comparative analysis of the options considered at the design stage.

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Mofijur, M., F. Kusumo, I. M. Rizwanul Fattah, H. M. Mahmudul, M. G. Rasul, A. H. Shamsuddin, and T. M. I. Mahlia. "Resource Recovery from Waste Coffee Grounds Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Technology for Bioenergy Production." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071770.

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Biodiesel is a proven alternative fuel that can serve as a substitute for petroleum diesel due to its renewability, non-toxicity, sulphur-free nature and superior lubricity. Waste-based non-edible oils are studied as potential biodiesel feedstocks owing to the focus on the valorisation of waste products. Instead of being treated as municipal waste, waste coffee grounds (WCG) can be utilised for oil extraction, thereby recovering an energy source in the form of biodiesel. This study evaluates oil extraction from WCG using ultrasonic and Soxhlet techniques, followed by biodiesel conversion using an ultrasonic-assisted transesterification process. It was found that n-hexane was the most effective solvent for the oil extraction process and ultrasonic-assisted technology offers a 13.5% higher yield compared to the conventional Soxhlet extraction process. Solid-to-solvent ratio and extraction time of the oil extraction process from the dried waste coffee grounds (DWCG) after the brewing process was optimised using the response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that predicted yield of 17.75 wt. % of coffee oil can be obtained using 1:30 w/v of the mass ratio of DWCG-ton-hexane and 34 min of extraction time when 32% amplitude was used. The model was verified by the experiment where 17.23 wt. % yield of coffee oil was achieved when the extraction process was carried out under optimal conditions. The infrared absorption spectrum analysis of WCG oil determined suitable functional groups for biodiesel conversion which was further treated using an ultrasonic-assisted transesterification process to successfully convert to biodiesel.

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Malmir, Tahereh, Saeed Ranjbar, and Ursula Eicker. "Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 5701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215701.

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Landfilling of organic waste is still the predominant waste management method in Canada. Data collection and analysis of the waste were done for the case study city of Montréal in Canada. A life cycle assessment was carried out for the current and proposed waste management system using the IWM-2 software. Using life cycle assessment results, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was used to optimize the waste flows. The optimization showed that the current recovery ratio of organic waste of 23% in 2017 could be increased to 100% recovery of food waste. Also, recycling could be doubled, and landfilling halved. The objective functions were minimizing the total energy consumption and CO2eq emissions as well as the total cost in the waste management system. By using a three-objective optimization algorithm, the optimized waste flow for Montréal results in 2% of waste (14.7 kt) to anaerobic digestion (AD), 7% (66.3 kt) to compost, 32% (295 kt) to recycling, 1% (8.5 kt) to incineration, and 58% (543 kt) to landfill.

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Gaevaya, E. V., and S. S. Tarasova. "Approbation of the Technology for Utilization of Drilling Waste in the Framework of Pilot Tests." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-1-14-20.

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The technology of utilization of drilling waste in the framework of pilot tests at an oil field is considered. The technology is based on a physicochemical method of disposal of drilling waste by introducing natural environmentally friendly components aimed at improving the water-physical and chemical properties of drilling waste. The basic technological scheme of utilization of drilling waste by pitless drilling is presented. The man-made soil obtained in the process of utilization of drilling waste is suitable for reclamation of adjacent (adjoining) industrial and auxiliary infrastructure, disturbed lands of temporary and permanent allotment of oil fields. The hydrogen index in the technogenic soil corresponded to the alkaline reaction of the medium and amounted to 8.8 pH. The content of oil products was at the level of 956 mg/kg. In terms of salinity, the technogenic soil was classified as non-saline soil (<0.5%).

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Hasanov, A. S., M. S. Ahmedov, T. T. Sirozhov, and B. I. Tolibov. "NEW DIRECTIONS FOR CREATING SLAG GRANULATION TECHNOLOGY COPPER PRODUCTION." EurasianUnionScientists 4, no. 2(71) (2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.4.71.600.

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New technological processes of pyrometallurgical depletion of slag solve issues of either intensification or wastelessness. To solve the problems of intensification, melt mixing is used mechanically or by gas. Top tuyere lances are used, as well as sparging with reducing gas in PV type furnaces. Acceptable results were obtained at pilot plants, but non-waste tasks were not solved.

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Chafekar, Prof B. H., Mr Suhan Kamble, Mr Vedant Jadhav, Mr Arya Dhankawade, and Mr Sujal Doshi. "A Survey on Use of Non-Recyclable Waste in Construction." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 1943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42694.

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Abstract: Plastic waste is becoming extremely threatening to the environment due to their high quantities generated which pose serious harm to both the environment and its inhabitants. A major victim of this menace is the marine environment. Plastic wastes generated on land find their way to water bodies where they cause detrimental effects such as flooding and poisoning of the animals in the marine ecosystem. The plastics in the marine environment, which are ingested in fish, are also deleterious to human health if such fish are consumed. Cancer is a major disease that emanates as a consequence. In order to find an effective way to manage these wastes and improve the sustainability of our environment, this study, therefore, explores various approaches to recycling plastic wastes into new products. The critical threat of the presence of plastic wastes in our marine environment is also presented. The limitation of the use of plastic waste for construction applications alongside the prospects is discussed. It is concluded that the use of plastic wastes for construction applications will improve the sustainability of the environment significantly, and also serve as a reliable source of materials for construction purposes. In addition, the use of recycled plastic wastes as a component in cementitious composites has been found to be the most beneficial as it can be used to replace all solid components of the composite. Finally, areas for further studies are also presented. Keywords: Construction, Recycling, Plastic waste, Sustainability, Product development, Reuse.

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Puchkov, E. M., A. V. Galkin, and I. V. Ushchapovsky. "The technology of producing sorbents from linseed flax shive." Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 20, no. 5 (October 21, 2019): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.5.517-525.

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Flax processing waste, flax shive is of great importance for producing sorbents from non-wooden materials in Russia. There are more than 700 thousand hectares of linseed flax crops in the country. Linseed flax shive had been burned everywhere until recently as there was no technology of its processing. The waste disposal problem in the linseed flax cultivation regions could be solved by introducing new flax waste recycling and linen producing technologies developed by scientists of the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops. In 2015-2018 some studies were carried out in research laboratories and on the experi-mental plant of the center as well as on flax-sowing farms of the Udmurt Republic, Rostov region and Krasnodar territory. The research has shown that linseed shive contains 49-51% of cellulose and 23-27% of lignin, on which the sorption capacity of the material depends. The values of flax waste sorbent sorption capacity by the effective sorption of ions in relation to heavy metals are 85-91 %, to oil products - from 3.9 to 17.3 mg/g, to iodine and methylene blue - 222 and 220 mg/g, respectively. These values don’t concede the sorbents from wood and can replace the use of the latter. The developed technology of obtaining sorbent from flax allows to organize the production directly on flax-sowing farms and flax factories applying raw materials ready to use.

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Jackson, David. "CO2 Technology Transforms Manufacturing." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 000089–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-ta35.

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CO2 technology provides material and process engineers with a robust surface treatment platform and window for a variety of complex substrates and microscopic geometries. Substrate and surface contamination such as particulate matter, outgassing residues, ionic residues, and heat can be addressed uniquely with this technology. Available treatment processes include composite jet spray, centrifugal immersion, supercritical fluid extraction, critical drying, and both vacuum and atmospheric plasma. CO2 technology eliminates or significantly reduces both lean and green waste generation at the production operation level (source) by modifying manufacturing processes such as precision cleaning and machining. Because CO2 is non-flammable, non-corrosive and dry, CO2 processes can integrate directly into manufacturing processes and tools to provide in-situ cleaning, thermal control or lubrication. CO2 technology can be implemented in a variety of process configurations to meet the constraints of lean production layouts and product flow requirements, including direct integration into existing production lines and equipment where the surface contamination is being generated. CO2 is a very unique manufacturing agent that affords multiple cost reduction and performance improvement opportunities in microelectronics device manufacturing operations.

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Sheng, Sheng, Jian Liang Rui, Chen Yu Chen, Yin Long Wang, Ru Jun Tao, and Jun Wei. "Different Constructed Wetland Substrates and their Applications." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1222.

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In recent years, constructed wetland technology as an alternative to conventional sewage treatment technology process has been widely used, industrial waste, agricultural waste, non-point source pollution control and reconstruction wetlands. Because the technology can remove organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus and to beautify the environment has become widely accepted, the goal of this work was to provide different constructed wetland substrates and their applications. This study was designed to determine differences in the ability of different types of constructed wetland substrates.

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Костюк, І. М., Н. В. Сова, Б. М. Савченко, Р. Ш. Іскандаров, and Б. П. Савчук. "ПОЛІМЕР-ПОЛІМЕРНИЙ КОМПОЗИТ ОТРИМАНИЙ ШЛЯХОМ ПЕРЕРОБКИ ВІДХОДІВ ПВХ ЛІНОЛЕУМУ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 122, no. 3 (October 4, 2018): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2018.3.6.

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Development of technology for the processing of mixed waste of vinyl flooring by their joint milling and plasticization. The determination of the MFI was carried out according to ISO 1133: 1997 on a capillary viscometer with a constant pressure and temperature (190 ± 0.5) ° C and a weight of 2.16 kg. The thermostability and melting temperature were determined on the Hipro RM 200C plastograph. Mechanical properties were determined on a breaking machine according to ASTM D638. Hardness - using a Shore D durometer, hydrostatic weighing density on an analytical balance RADWAG AS-X2. Equipment for milling and plasticization of a mixture of PVC / PET waste was selected. Qualitative milling of mixed waste is achieved by using a low speed rotary knife grinder with rotor speed of 300 rpm. The properties of the reinforced PVC were obtained. The strength of this film compared with the classic recipe is lower but when by using such materials in the composition it is possible to obtain a material with high physical and mechanical properties and achieve maximum non-waste production which will also have a positive effect on the economy of the enterprise. The technology for joint processing of mixed vinyl flooring waste was developed for the first time. The features of reinforcing PVC matrix with fibers of a PET was obtained at the receipt of films from mixed vinyl flooring waste. The developed technology allows to provide non-waste production of vinyl flooring at enterprises.

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Alhassan, Yahaya, Raghvendra Gautam, Naveen Kumar, and Idris M. Bugaje. "Non-CatalyticIn-Situtransesterification ofCitrusPeel Waste into Biodiesel via Supercritical Technology: Optimisation by Response Surface Methodology." Journal of Biofuels 5, no. 1 (2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2014.00006.3.

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Zhu, Xiang-nan, Tao Cui, Biao Li, Chun-chen Nie, Hao Zhang, Xian-jun Lyu, You-jun Tao, Jun Qiu, Lin Li, and Guang-wen Zhang. "Metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards by flotation technology with non-ionic renewable collector." Journal of Cleaner Production 255 (May 2020): 120289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120289.

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Izdebska-Szanda, I., A. Palma, M. Angrecki, and M. Żmudzińska. "Environmentally Friendly Mould Technology." Archives of Foundry Engineering 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2013-0055.

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Abstract One of the factors that contribute to the development of foundry moulding technology is environmental protection. The related challenges are effectively satisfied by a new inorganic binder that has been designed for castings made of non-ferrous metal alloys. This article presents in a concise way the test results, showing the ecological character of the new binder at the stage of making moulds, pouring them with metal and cooling of castings, indicating the possibilities for an economic re-use of waste materials formed during practical application of this technology. The results were compared with the results obtained on the sands with organic binders. Studies were carried out under the project POIG.01.01.02-00-015/09 "Advanced materials and technologies."

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Nazri, Amirul Islah, N. I. Basir, and Muhamad Nazri Murat. "A Conceptual Reactor Design Based on Combination of Pressure Leaching - Electrochemical Deposition Techniques for Study of Gold Recovery from e-Waste." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.187.

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In Malaysia, the amount of electronic waste (e-waste) generated in 2008 was stated to be around 688,000 metric tonnes and was forecasted to increase to 1.11 million metric tonnes in the year 2020 [1]. Typical e-waste contains some elements of precious metal, which is mainly generated from the result of the revolution of computer technology. Currently, the most common technique being practiced to recover gold from e-waste is through cyanide leaching system and subsequent gold recovery techniques which may include electrodeposition. However, due to toxicity of the harmful cyanide, a non-cyanide extraction route is now becoming a necessity to minimize safety and environmental issues. In order to maximize the efficiency and safety of gold recovery from e-waste, a non-cyanide route using a reactor based on electrodeposition technique has been proposed. This paper explains the conceptual reactor design which combines the pressure leaching process of gold from e-waste and the gold recovery using electrodeposition via a non-cyanide route as a safer and environmental friendly process in recovering gold from e-waste.

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Polanec, Brigita, Srečko Glodež, and Boris Aberšek. "EDUCATION OF PROPER WASTE MANAGEMENT BASED ON NON-FORMAL AND INFORMAL EDUCATION." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 46, no. 1 (October 1, 2012): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/12.46.116.

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The present work gives methods on how available information can be presented to as many people as possible in a way that will allow them to assimilate that knowledge. The most appropriate forms of education for the concrete target group are included in informal education. Informal education is divided into informal general education and informal education for the profession or for the professional work. The fact, regarding the method of giving information, has to be considered that people differ from each other, and in accordance with this, it makes a difference as to how they perceive certain information. Regarding this, the forms and methods of education have to be adapted to different types of people. Elements such as people's levels of concentration, motivation, non-linear receipt of information, stability of information and obtaining of knowledge are looked at more closely. The rapid development of science and new technology brings with it many opportunities for those who are learning on the one hand, and for those who are working on programs for education on the other hand. Information technology has also led to the development of various educational methods; one of them is the method of e-learning. This paper will discuss the mechanism of informal education called microtraining. The concept of micro training provides information in short bursts (about 15 to 20 minutes long), concisely and in an interesting way. Knowledge has become the main product of micro training in specific fields. Key words: informal education, e-learning, e-learning materials, microtraining.

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Lin, Ming-Chyuan, Hung-Yu Chen, Fu-Tsai Chung, and Mei-Jiau Huang. "A design and verification of a non-icing and non-condensing waste-cold-recovery system." Applied Thermal Engineering 197 (October 2021): 117378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117378.

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Larionov, K. B., S. A. Tsibulskiy, K. V. Slyusarsky, A. A. Vedyagin, and V. E. Gubin. "Kinetic Characteristics of the Oxidation of Non-Food Municipal Solid Waste." Solid Fuel Chemistry 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s036152192001005x.

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Schröder, H. Fr. "Non-biodegradable wastewater compounds treated by ozone or ozone/UV - conversion monitoring by substance-specific analysis and biotoxicity testing." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 6 (March 1, 1996): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0113.

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The behaviour of polar, biochemically non-degradable organic compounds in waste waters dominated by textile waste water is followed in the waste water treatment process by means of substance-specific mass-spectrometric detection. Selected polar compounds of anthropogenic and biogenic origin are identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Oxidation by ozone (O3) and O3/UV respectively is carried out to increase the biochemical degradability. Compared to biochemically pretreated waste water the biochemical degradability of O3-treated waste water was tripled, but the sample treated by O3/UV showed complete inhibition. Comparing the contents detected by MS it is impossible to find any reason for this inhibition. Some of the compounds developing during the oxidation process are characterized by selective MS/MS methods. Untreated waste waters and those treated by biochemical or chemical-physical procedures are examined with help of biotoxicity tests. Here waste water treated by O3 and O3/UV respectively showed higher toxicity than untreated or biochemically treated waste water.

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Feng, Pan-xue, and Dan Huang. "Study on Application of Goaf Management and Residual Mining Technology in Niujuan Deposit." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 03041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016503041.

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For goaf group and high grade embedded residual ore in NO.I ore body, the overall technical idea of pre-filling the key goaf, the residual mining and the non-key goaf filling is used. The goaf management was mainly based on waste rock filling and supplemented with cemented filling, which formed safe mining environment in the upper, lower isolation belts and efficient management in hidden danger goaf. For rib pillars with cemented rock filling and waste stone filling on both sides of goaf, the method of upward horizontal common layered and small layered filling with pointed pillars were employed respectivly. For the crown pillar overlying high strength of filling body and waste rock, the united method of upward horizontal layered filling with entrance filling and caving are separately employed. Regional and local multidimensional integrated monitoring system were built subsequently. Then, relevant technical safety measures were taken. This study is to achieve the goal of safe, efficient and economical goaf management and residual mining.

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Farhand, Muhammad Zaid, Putri Leli Nurjanah, and Muhammad Nurcholis. "ISLAMIC FINANCE IN SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY: EMPOWERMENT OF SUKUK WAKALAH TO BUILD WASTE INDUSTRY." Airlangga International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/aijief.v3i1.20161.

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The challenge that Indonesia faces in processing natural and non-biological natural resources is the problem of waste management. High population figures, as well as increased incomes, affect consumption patterns that lead to increased waste generation in Indonesia. It is projected that in 2030 - 2050 waste production will increase, the problem of waste management in Indonesia can be seen from the following indicators, namely the high amount of waste generated, the level of waste management services is still low, limited number of final landfills, waste management institutions and cost problem. To overcome this problem, the issuance of wakalah sukuk as a source of funding for the waste industry center is a solution that can be done by the government. This research uses descriptive analysis research methodology with literature study data collection techniques. In the discussion explained about the concept of sustainable economy and wakalah state sukuk scheme in providing technology procurement financing to the waste processing industry. This research concluded that the wakalah state sukuk could be an alternative financing for technology procurement for the waste industry in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the company so that it is more environmentally sound and appropriate with SDG's.

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Zhu, Tao, Yan Dong Wan, Yu Jie Liu, Yu Yuan, Hai Rong Li, Sha Chen, and Jin Lan Zhou. "Nonthermal Plasma Hybrid Technology for VOCs Decomposition." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.238.

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Because of its wide pollution, large flow and low concentration, the waste gas containing volatile organic compound (VOCs) will be controlled more strictly on its emission, and new technologies for its treatment must be developed continuously. As an emerging technology for environmental protection, non-thermal plasma (NTP) has been subjected to extensive researches over the past 20 years. In the field of air pollution control, the NTP technology has been used for the abatement of various types of hazardous air pollutants due to its unique properties including the moderate operation conditions (normal temperature and atmospheric pressure), moderate capital cost, compact system, easy operations and short residence times, compared to the conventional technologies. Especially, combined plasma technology has multi-function effects, better pollutant degradation efficiency, better energy utilization efficiency and higher pollutant selectivity than single plasma technology. The research progresses in treatment of waste gas containing VOCs and the patents application by plasma technology combined with adsorbent, catalyst and ferroelectric are summarized and analyzed. From the review, we can come to a conclusion the synergistic technology result in greater enhancement of VOCs decomposition and energy efficiency. The development direction of combined plasma technology is prospected.

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Hussain, Arif, Naseem Abbas, and Ahsan Ali. "Inkjet Printing: A Viable Technology for Biosensor Fabrication." Chemosensors 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2022): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10030103.

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Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.

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Fithri, Diana Laily, Andy Prasetyo Utomo, and Fajar Nugraha. "Implementasi dan Pemanfaatan E-Marketing untuk Optimalisasi Business to Business di Bank Sampah Sekar Melati Kabupaten Kudus." Journal of Dedicators Community 5, no. 2 (July 27, 2020): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/jdc.v5i2.1203.

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Mlati Norowito Village, Kudus Regency has a waste bank, namely the Sekar Melati Waste Bank. The Sekar Melati Waste Bank plays an active role in processing waste, especially non-organic waste. Sekar Melati Waste Bank has produced processed non-organic waste in the form of bags and tissue holders. This product is marketed outside Java. The marketing carried out is still in the form of word of mouth and traditional marketing. The purpose of this community service is to help increase the income and welfare of Sekar Melati Waste Bank partners in Kudus Regency by utilizing information technology, especially in the field of marketing based on e-marketing and business to business. The methods used are: lectures, training, and mentoring. The results achieved are: 1) partners understand well the benefits of B2B, e-marketing, and e-commerce; 2) partners have social media accounts to conduct e-marketing so as to cut labor costs, advertising costs and so on;3) partners understand how to create an account and make sales on e-commerce or market places.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Non-waste technology'

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