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BRAMATI, AMEDEA VIRGINIA. "Alle origini della cosiddetta usucapio libertatis: un percorso storico tra usus e prescrizione estintiva dei diritti nell'epoca romana arcaica e classica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/20133.
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Lo studio delle fonti giuridiche romane relative all'usucapione, come mezzo di acquisizione e di tutela della proprietà e come risposta alle esigenze di certezza dell'ordinamento in merito alla titolarità dei beni, trova nella particolare figura dell'usucapio libertatis, un interessante specchio di impostazioni probabilmente ben più antiche rispetto alla configurazione classica dell'istituto e, più in generale, dei rapporti tra proprietà e diritti reali minori. Partendo da un inquadramento generale dell'usucapio, volto ad individuarne la funzione e a metterne in evidenza gli elementi fondanti - il tempus e la possessio - la ricerca si pone quindi l'obbiettivo di analizzare la particolare figura dell'usucapio libertatis, attraverso lo studio delle fonti ad essa relative e dei suoi rapporti con il non usus, in relazione all'evoluzione storico-giuridica dell'idea di servitù e della determinazione degli assetti proprietari, ripercorrendo così il percorso storico che trova le sue radici nell'usus e che giunse nel corso dei secoli, alla teorizzazione della prescrizione estintiva dei diritti.
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Tatiana, Marques Santiago Katarina. "A strong argument for using non-commodities to generate electricity." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5091.
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Previous issue date: 2009Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
An optimal control approach towards generating electricity is used to analyze the trade-off between the use of primary sources which are regarded as commodities, such as fossil fuels, biomass and water, and their other economic uses (for example, in the petrochemical industry, in the production of fuels, in agriculture, in steelmaking, and so forth). In order to do so, a dynamic model is presented which establishes relationships between economic growth, the fossil fuel, water and biomass sectors, and energy policies, based on the application of the Pontryagin Maximum Principle. Among other results, the analysis establishes that, in the optimal path, the price of commodities for non-energy uses should be twice the price of the energy assets, which indicates the need to use sources which are not commodities such as solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy, to generate electricity
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Browning, Drew. "Modeling non-point source pollution in surface water under non-stationary climates and land uses." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408983669.
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Safigan, Brian, Kirill Lokshin, and Amit Puri. "Non-Traditional Uses of the CCSDS Space Link Extension (SLE) Protocol." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606159.
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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaSpace Link Extension (SLE) is a set of Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) recommended standards for extending the space link from ground stations to other spaceflight mission ground facilities over a ground network, allowing distributed access to space link telecommand and telemetry services. The currently defined and implemented SLE recommendations are oriented around a traditional CCSDS telecommand and telemetry protocol set, which uses discrete telecommand frames that are encapsulated in Communication Link Transmission Units (CLTUs) for transport over the ground segment, and telemetry data encapsulated in Transfer Frames at the spacecraft. This paper discusses several non-traditional uses of the SLE services. The applications addressed within lie outside the discrete packet telecommand/telemetry subset of the SLE recommendations that are fully defined by CCSDS. This paper will focus on the use of the currently implemented SLE model to enable the transport of other forms of data, which may be subject to various transmission constraints, across the ground segment.
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Peixe, Carla Ribeiro da Silva. "Águas pluviais para usos não potáveis em escolas municipais: estudo de caso na região da baixada de Jacarepaguá, RJ." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4046.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoA captação de águas pluviais não constitui nova estratégia ou tecnologia. No entanto, recentemente tem sido proposta em regiões bem desenvolvidas ou em desenvolvimento (peri-urbanas) em resposta a grandes períodos de estiagens, aumento da demanda por água, maior conscientização pública das enchentes urbanas e sua gênese e, aumento do interesse em práticas de construções sustentáveis, que integram também o uso racional da água. As escolas constituem uma importante fundação da nação, e tem influência no desenvolvimento da sociedade e da sensibilização/ conscientização sobre as questões ambientais. Muitos dos usos da água nas escolas envolvem usos menos nobres da água. Neste contexto, nessa dissertação de mestrado além da análise de marcos legais nesse assunto, foi realizada pesquisa de opinião (entrevista e questionário) junto a atores que interferem no processo decisório da utilização das águas pluviais nas escolas para fins não potáveis. Foram observadas as condições físicas-construtivas das escolas do município do Rio de Janeiro, sobretudo na região da 7a. CRE, que abrange a região da Baixada de Jacarepaguá, área de expansão da cidade. Foi implementada uma unidade para coleta e caracterização da qualidade das águas pluviais, além da caracterização e estudo dos volumes de primeiro descarte (first flush). Os parâmetros de qualidade da água pH, T, OD, ORP, Tu, STD, Condutividade e Salinidade, foram observados com auxílio de sonda multiparâmetros e, através de análise laboratorial de acordo com o Standard Methods, os coliformes termotolerantes. No estudo de percepção foi verificada uma grande aceitação do aproveitamento de águas pluviais para fins não potáveis, embora diretores de escola tenham apresentado informações/percepção divergentes sobre consumo e contas de água das escolas, de sua coordenadoria. Na análise dos parâmetros de qualidade da água versus registros pluviométricos foi observada variabilidade nos eventos pluviométricos observados que limitaram a correlação entre os mesmos, e acabou limitando as conclusões dos estudos de volumes para primeira lavagem e descarte (first flush). Os resultados da pesquisa permitem recomendar a implementação de políticas públicas para aproveitamento de águas pluviais para fins não potáveis nas escolas, mas, com o devido apoio tecnológico. Recomenda-se o aperfeiçoamento e automatização do sistema de coleta de águas pluviais para os estudos de first-flush e otimização dos volumes de descarte.
Rainwater harvesting does not constitute a new strategy or technology. However, recently it has been proposed in well-developed regions or in development (peri-urban) in response to long periods of dryness, increased demand for water, greater public awareness of urban flooding and its genesis, and increased interest in sustainable construction practices, incorporating also the rational use of water. Schools are an important foundation of the nation and has influence in the development of society and awareness about environmental issues. Many of the uses of water in schools involve less noble uses of water. In this context, this dissertation in addition to the analysis of legal frameworks in this matter was held survey (interview and questionnaire) with actors who interfere in the decision-making process of the use of rainwater for non potable purposes in schools. Schools physical- constructive conditions were observed of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, especially in the region of the 7th CRE, which covers the region of Baixada de Jacarepaguá, area in expansion of the city. It was implemented a unit for collection and characterization of rainwater quality, plus the characterisation and study of volumes of first flush. The water quality parameters pH, T, DO, ORP, Tu, TDS, Conductivity and Salinity, were observed with the aid of multi-parameter probe and, through laboratory testing in accordance with the Standard Methods, the fecal coliforms. In the study of perception was verified a wide acceptance of the use of rainwater for drinking purposes, although school directors have submitted divergent perception/information about consumption and water bills of the schools in its coordination. In the analysis of water quality parameters versus rainfall records was observed a certain variability in the rainfall events observed that limited the correlation between them, and ended up limiting the conclusions of the studies of volumes for the first washing and disposal (first flush). The search results allowed to recommend the implementation of public policies for rainwater utilization for potable purposes in schools, but with a technological support. It is recommended the improvement and automation of the rainwater collection system for studies of first-flush and optimization of disposition volumes.
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Cates, Jeremy. "Non-clinical Uses of the Gamma Knife Perfexion| Small Animal Irradiation and Convolution Algorithm Evaluation." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13877135.
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Purpose: The purpose of this project was two-fold. One, to test the accuracy and usefulness of a clinically unused dose calculation algorithm for the Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion radiosurgery unit that accounts for heterogeneities in the patient volume. This process included designing, fabricating, and testing a novel phantom from idea stage through production and use. Two, to facilitate and provide dosimetry for irradiating a large number of mice and rats to develop a murine model of radiation induced necrosis in the brain.
Methods/Materials: To test the dose calculation algorithm, we used a commercially available anthropomorphic head phantom and EBT2 radiochromic film to evaluate predicted vs measured dose delivery for the clinically accepted algorithm, which assumes a homogeneous treatment volume, and the convolution algorithm, which takes into account heterogeneities within the treatment volume. In addition, we designed and fabricated a novel phantom that could accommodate various heterogeneities along with EBT2 film and an ion chamber. We again evaluated predicted vs measured dose with varying material configurations for both algorithms. To assist the murine necrosis model, we developed a novel mouse positioning and irradiation system utilizing the Gamma Knife Perfexion that was designed to be accurate, repeatable and efficient. We designed an animal immobilizing planform that could be incorporated into the clinical protocol for acquiring patient image data, image registration, and treatment planning.
Results: We demonstrated that the convolution algorithm is accurate to within a clinically acceptable three percent in cases of extreme heterogeneities, and it is clinically significantly more accurate than the standard homogeneous algorithm when large heterogeneities are present in the treatment volume. In addition, we were able to facilitate the development of a robust murine radiation necrosis model by irradiating more than 1,000 mice to a spatial accuracy of within 0.5 millimeters in all directions and to within five percent accuracy of prescription dose.
Conclusion: During the course of this work we successfully completed two large undertakings that are representative of tasks often asked of a clinical medical physicist. First, to evaluate a treatment delivery option in the radiation oncology clinic and make evidence based recommendations for clinical protocols. And second, to provide a reliable and scientifically sound service to collaborators and outside research groups when physics expertise is required.
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Holf, Gillian Margaret. "The planning response to the entry of non retail uses into shopping centres : a longitudinal study." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247491.
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Kaya, Ibrahim. "The law of the non-navigational uses of international watercourses : in search of a governing principle." Thesis, Keele University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311722.
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Farooque, M. "Non-navigational uses of the waters of international rivers : Rights of riparian states - extent and limits." Thesis, Online version, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.233370.
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Marano, Alexis. "Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (nppv) its uses, complications, & implications within nursing practice in acute care settings." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/580.
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The use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in acute care settings has drastically increased within the past 20 years. Research has indicated that NPPV is equally as effective as traditional mechanical ventilation(MV) in treating acute exacerbations of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) and cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Furthermore, the risk of complication from NPPV is much lower than MV, in terms of ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis. It is imperative for the nurse to understand the various indications, interfaces, and potential complications associated with NPPV use. In addition to treating acute exacerbations of COPD and cardiogenic pulmonary edema, NPPV has been used for prevention of reintubation, palliative care, and status asthmaticus. Furthermore, NPPV could be delivered through various interfaces, such as nasal, facial, and helmet. Each of these interfaces could eventually cause complications for the patient, such as skin ulceration and sepsis. However, there is limited amount of research available discussing the role of the nurse in caring for the patient with NPPV. There are no standardized guidelines established to assist the nurse in this care, in terms of interface selection, prevention of complications, and staffing patterns. Several recommendations are presented at the end of this thesis to guide future nursing research, education, and clinical practice, such as exploring the role of oral care and education for NPPV patients.B.S.N.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
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Silva, Alexandre Marques da. "Fragmentos de cerrado : espécies arbóreas de usos múltiplos para conservação do cerrado /." Ilha Solteira, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182509.
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Orientador: Mario Luiz Teixeira de MoraesResumo: O conhecimento da ecologia e da genética das espécies arbóreas que ocorrem nos fragmentos do Bioma Cerrado é uma etapa importante para a criação de programas conservacionistas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: i) identificar e selecionar fragmentos de Cerrado, na região de Três Lagoas – MS, que apresentam diversidade em relação à ocorrência de espécies arbórea; ii) localizar, nos fragmentos selecionados, os indivíduos das espécies arbóreas, que se destacam quanto as possibilidades de utilização de produtos não madeireiro; iii) marcar árvores matrizes, nas espécies arbóreas selecionadas, com base em caracteres de crescimento e na sua localização, para que os fragmentos possam ser denominados de “áreas de coleta de sementes – ACS”. O estudo foi realizado em quatorze fragmentos do Bioma Cerrado distribuídos em sete fazendas no município de Três Lagoas, (MS). A distância em quilômetros entre os fragmentos, variou de 3,0 a 64,8 km. O levantamento das espécies arbóreas ocorreu mensalmente entre os meses de julho a dezembro de 2012 e 2013. Todos os fragmentos foram visitados, e, nestes, foi realizado levantamento de diversidade das espécies arbóreas com potencial para produtos não madeireiros e madeireiros. A identificação das espécies arbóreas dos fragmentos foi feita a partir de caminhamento dentro da área e nas bordas, a considerar indivíduos reprodutivos. Para conhecer as estratégias ecológicas das espécies arbóreas de interesse, pesquisou-se sobre as características ecológica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Knowledge of the ecology and genetics of tree species occurring in the Cerrado Biome fragments is an important step towards the creation of conservation programs. The objectives of this work were: i) to identify and select Cerrado fragments, in the Três Lagoas - MS region, which present diversity in relation to the occurrence of arboreal species; ii) to locate, in the selected fragments, the individuals of the tree species, which stand out as the possibilities of use of non-timber products; and (iii) marking selected tree species, based on growth characters and their location, so that the fragments can be referred to as "ACS - seed collection areas". The study was carried out in fourteen fragments of the Cerrado Biome distributed in seven farms in Três Lagoas, (MS). The distance in kilometers between the fragments ranged from 3.0 to 64.8 km. The survey of tree species occurred monthly between July and December of 2012 and 2013. All the fragments were visited, and, in these, a survey was carried out on the diversity of tree species with potential for non-timber and timber products. The identification of the tree species of the fragments was made from walking within the area and at the edges, to consider reproductive individuals. In order to know the ecological strategies of the arboreal species of interest, we investigated the ecological characteristics: uses, pollination syndrome, dispersion syndrome and successional group. It was proposed classification model for the species... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Soffner, Martin. "Semantic and pragmatic aspects of some particular uses of contrast marking." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-25628.
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Elliott, Lindsey. "What makes a non-professional video go viral: a case study of “I’m farming and I grow it”." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15780.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Journalism and Mass Communications
Louise Benjamin
In 2013, creating a 57-second video can lead to more than $150,000 in profit for the creator and the creator can be anyone. This money-making opportunity comes from a recent popular trend known as a “viral video,” defined as a phenomenon of a video becoming highly popular through rapid, user-led distribution via the internet. However, research has not determined a clear model for creating a non-professional viral video. Interviews and YouTube analytics revealed how the video “I’m Farming and I Grow It,” a non-professional video created by three Kansas boys, was spread. Using the theories Uses and Gratifications and Two-Step Flow, this case study then analyzed the comments posted on the viral video and a content analysis of the comments identified the key factors mentioned by users, which contributed to the videos’ millions of views. The results conclude the key components for making a non-professional video go viral are “opinion leaders” spreading the message and video content that elicits positive feelings such as joy, humor, or praise. This study also provides a model to help a non-professional video go viral based on previous research and this case study.
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Molina-Ureña, Helena. "Towards an Ecosystem Approach for Non-Target Reef Fishes: Habitat Uses and Population Dynamics of South Florida Parrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae)." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/237.
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The goal of this research was to develop statistically robust ecosystem-based approaches, while optimizing data acquisition on relatively unexploited fish species in South Florida reefs, i.e., parrotfishes, Family Scaridae, in Biscayne Bay (with seasonal roller frame beam trawl surveys, 1996-2000) and Florida Keys (with annual Reef Fish Visual Censuses, 1997-2001), by following these steps: (I) analysis of information gaps for the stocks, including systematics, biogeography, population dynamics, reproductive ecology, trophodynamics, habitat use, and fisheries dynamics of Western Atlantic parrotfishes; (II) determination of primary research objectives from prioritization in Step I; (III) determination of essential fish habitats, ontogenetic shifts, migrations, and reef-seagrass habitat, from integration of stratified sampling design for fisheries-independent surveys, habitat selection theory-based analyses, and length-based analyses; (IV) estimation of population dynamics and fisheries-specific parameters encompassing life history demographics from empirical data or comparisons to theoretical expectations adapted to local conditions; (V) simulation modeling of a realistic range of fishing scenarios and demographic characteristics to evaluate the efficacy of potential traditional fisheries and spatial management strategies; and (VI) application of sampling optimization procedures and fisheries ecology approaches. Four scarid species had an estimated combined abundance of ca. 36.8 x 106 individuals in the Florida Keys. Connectivity among seagrass beds, coral reefs and deep waters had three major patterns: seagrass dwellers, reef dwellers, with inshore-to-offshore ontogenetic , and a seagrass-reef connection, using Biscayne Bay as an important recruitment ground. Marine protected areas of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary did not show effects on abundance, size composition or spatial distribution of any parrotfish studied. Simulations suggested relatively short longevities (5-10 years), moderate body growth curvature, high instantaneous natural mortality rates (0.3-0.6 y super minus one), and low annual survival rates (27-54%). Simulated estimates of fishing mortalities ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 y super minus one, indicating low levels of exploitation, but low Spawning Potential Ratios (SPR = 23.5-26%). Proposed potential exploitation based on a legal minimum size equal to their size at first maturity and fishing rates equal or below to their natural mortality should secure SPR values at 45-48%.
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Shaheen, Abd el-Basit Ahmed Hashem Mahmoud Abdullah Verfasser], Paul [Akademischer Betreuer] [Klimsa, Philip Akademischer Betreuer] Auter, and Jeffrey [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wimmer. "Uses and gratifications of online advertising / Abd El-Basit Mahmoud. Paul Klimsa. Philip Auter. jeffrey Wimmer." Ilmenau : Universitätsbibliothek Ilmenau, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:ilm1-2010000327.
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Coveney, Catherine M. "Awakening expectations : exploring social and ethical issues surrounding the medical and non-medical uses of cognition enhancing drugs in the UK." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11671/.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore the social and ethical issues surrounding the use of neurotechnologies to control sleep and enhance cognition in British society. Empirically, the project is based on a case study of the wake-promoting drug modafinil. Data analysis involved the study of a corpus of 77 UK news articles and 40 semi-structured interviews with three stakeholder groups: scientists and clinicians, shift workers and students. The analytical framework used was informed by previous work in both medical sociology and bioethics and developed using key concepts drawn from Science and Technology Studies. Conceptualising modafinil as a sociotechnical object, different discourses surrounding sleep, cognitive enhancement and pharmaceutical use were explored to assess how sociotechnical spaces for ‘therapy’ and ‘enhancement’ are being constructed and negotiated in different domains of social life. The analysis of the ways in which modafinil use was positioned and of how various uses were negotiated in both media and stakeholder discourse shows how different groups can conceptualise the same technology in very different ways depending on who is doing the defining, how the users are imagined and the specific context of use. It was apparent that drugs contain not only technological scripts for how and by whom they are to be used, but also strong cultural scripts relating to legitimacy and acceptability of when, where, for what purpose they should be used. Importantly, it demonstrates that although norms may overlap to some degree, there is no universal set of norms defining and delimiting how modafinil should be used in contemporary society. The adoption of an STS perspective, which takes a critical stance towards both technology and users, has shown how the adoption of a therapy-enhancement distinction devoid of context oversimplifies the debate around the use of drugs such as modafinil and does not capture the reality of stakeholder perspectives.
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Engman, Zoie. "Design and Validation of a Wearable, Continuous, and Non-Invasive Hydration Monitor that uses Ultrasonic Pulses to Detect Changes in Tissue Hydration Status." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1218.
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Chronic dehydration is an endemic problem for many population groups. Current methods of monitoring hydration status are invasive, time consuming, cannot be performed while exercising, and require lab resources. A proposed solution is a wearable, continuous, and non-invasive device that uses harm-free ultrasonic pulses to detect changes in tissue hydration status over time. Customer and engineering requirements were defined and used to guide the design process. Literature reviews were performed to identify essential information on dehydration, assess current methods, discover state of the art devices, and describe ultrasonic theory. Market research was performed to identify athletes as the target population group. An adjustable elastic nylon bicep band prototype was manufactured and the integration of more advanced components was proposed. The theoretical signal processing method used to detect hydration status was validated through initial tests with a prototype electrical system composed of a Teensy 3.1 board, two 18 kHz piezoceramic disc elements, and an Arduino/LabVIEW interface. Tests with aluminum, rubber, and sponge materials were performed to compare the signal response to propagation through materials with different acoustic properties and water contents. Finally, tests performed with dehydrated bovine muscle tissue revealed a statistically significant difference between hydrated and dehydrated tissue, a promising indication for future device refinement.
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Günther, Franziska. "Zur studentischen Nutzung von E-Learning- und Social Web-Anwendungen im universitären Kontext – eine explorative Analyse." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235060.
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Welche E-Learning- und Social Web-Anwendungen nutzen Studierende innerhalb ihres Studiums und aus welchen Gründen tun sie dies? Die folgende Masterarbeit widmet sich dieser Fragestellung. Unter der Einbeziehung des Technology-Acceptance-Models (TAM) und dem Uses-and-Gratification Ansatzes werden Nutzungsmotive aus dem Forschungsstand herausgearbeitet und empirisch getestet (Studierende der TU Dresden, n=1242). Studierende nutzen demnach Anwendungen für das Studium, die sie auch schon im alltäglichen Leben verwenden. Besonders im Bereich der Zusammenarbeit sowie zur Kontaktaufnahme zu Kommilitonen werden Anwendungen aus der Freizeit genutzt. Unverzichtbar für das Studium ist für die meisten Studierenden die Nutzung des Lernmanagementsystems, welche zumeist von Dozenten vorgeschrieben ist. Nur so ist es den Studierenden möglich, auf bestimmte Lerninhalte, die für das Bestehen des Studiums notwendig sind, zuzugreifen. Die Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Beforschung des Mediennutzungsverhalten von Studierenden. Die Ergebnisse können wiederum für die Strategieentwicklung im Bereich des Einsatzes von Lehr- und Lerntechnologien in der Hochschule nützlich sein.
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Lee, Daniel E. "Development of Non-Traditional Platinum Anticancer Agents: trans-Platinum Planar Amine Compounds and Polynuclear Platinum Compounds." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3809.
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Development of Non-Traditional Platinum Anticancer Agents: trans-Platinum Planar Amine Compounds and Polynuclear Platinum Compounds
By Daniel E. Lee, Ph.D.
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Virginia Commonwealth University, 2015
Major Director: Nicholas P Farrell, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Chemistry
Platinum anticancer compounds with cis geometry, similar to cisplatin, have been explored to circumvent the cisplatin resistance; however, they were not considered broadly active in cisplatin cells due to exhibiting similar or same cell death mechanism as cisplatin. Platinum compounds with trans geometry were less studied due to transplatin being clinically inactive; but with few structural modifications, they resulted in unaffected cytotoxic activities in cisplatin resistant cells with structural modification by exhibiting different modes of DNA binding. This research focused on further exploring and establishing structure-activity relationship of two promising non-classical series of platinum compounds with trans-geometry: trans-platinum planar amine (TPA) compounds and noncovalently binding polynuclear platinum compounds (PPC-NC).
During this research, further optimizations of the reactivity of TPA compounds were accomplished by modifying the leaving carboxylate groups. The effects of modified reactivity were probed by a systematic combination of chemical and biophysical assays, followed by evaluating their biological effects in cells. To establish the structural-activity relationship of PPC-NCs, Mono-, Di-, Tri-, and Tetraplatin NC with charge of 4+, 6+, 8+, and 10+ were synthesized and evaluated by utilizing biophysical and biological assays. Lastly, a new class of polynuclear platinum compounds, Hybrid-PPCs, were synthesized and evaluated to overcome the pharmacokinetic problems of BBR3464, phase II clinical trial anticancer drug developed previously in our laboratory.
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Girgin, Ufuk. "Reconsidering the uses of a minimal 'non-lexical' response token through 'embodiment' : a second language teacher's deployment of 'mm hm' as a third-turn receipt." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4003.
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Studies on L2 classroom interaction have placed more weight on the importance of substantial teacher talk (i.e., in the third turns of the IRFs), but what is noticeably lacking until now has been a systematic study of the teachers’ uses of minimal response tokens (e.g., ‘Mm’, ‘Mm hm’, ‘Uh huh’, ‘Okay’, ‘Yeah’). It seems that the uses of these tokens by L2 teachers and what they achieve in pedagogical settings have been ignored or highly undifferentiated. However, in the ethnomethodological tradition, each token has been found to be doing distinctive work (e.g., Beach, 1993; Gardner, 1997; Heritage, 1984; Jefferson, 1984; Schegloff, 1982). Therefore, this study investigates the distinctive work achieved by ‘Mm hm’ in the L2 classroom, where pedagogy (i.e., the goal-oriented nature of interaction) plays an important role in shaping interaction (Seedhouse, 2004). Although the research literature has revealed useful insights regarding the uses of minimal response tokens in talk-in-interaction, it is far from consistent in the way in which they are treated (Gardner, 2001), especially in relation to the uses of ‘non-lexical’ response tokens (e.g., ‘Mm’, ‘Uh huh’, ‘Mm hm’), as it has been claimed that they lack semantic meaning (Gardner, 1997, 2001; Muller, 1996). According to Muller (1996), they acquire specific meanings not only by their sequential placement, but also by their prosodic shape, but what they do in talk-in-interaction still remains to be analysed as a ‘contingent’ achievement. Therefore, the present study investigates if a minimal ‘non-lexical’ response token (i.e., ‘Mm hm’), which is a bilabial nasal consisting of two syllables (i.e., articulated with an aspiration in the second syllable, the ‘h’) (Gardner, 2001), acquires specific meanings as an ‘embodied’ achievement, where its sequential placement including timing (i.e., overlap, pause), prosodic shape, and a L2 teacher’s embodied resources (e.g., gaze, nods, gestures, body posture) that go with it ‘converge’ to attribute these meanings to it (i.e., inform how it is interpreted/understood by students) in L2 classroom interaction. The study also investigates the uses of two tokens, ‘Mm hm’ and ‘Yeah’, by the teacher as consecutive response tokens to understand if and how the teacher is attributing different sequential relevancies to the students’ prior turns through shifting from one token to another. The data of the study, in the form of 15 hours of video-recordings, comes from a specific academic course on ‘Contextual Grammar’ in a department of English Language Teaching at a state university in Turkey. The participants are first-year teacher candidates of English and one female teacher. The data is transcribed using Jeffersonian conventions and analysed using multimodal CA. ii The findings suggest that the sequential positioning of ‘Mm hm’, including its timing and prosodic shape help to disambiguate its use in the L2 classroom. The token is systematically articulated by the teacher as a third-turn-receipt with different prosodic shapes (e.g., a falling, a falling-rising, a rising-falling intonation contour) as distinctive responses to a) acknowledge the students’ second turn responses in turn-initial and turn-medial positions as a strong acknowledgment token and b) pass an opportunity to do a fuller turn, thereby giving the floor to the prior speakers to continue (i.e., as a continuer). In addition, the following four distinct categories have been identified regarding the use of the token as a continuer in the data: a) to acknowledge the students’ intention to continue, b) to display an evaluative stance with the students’ answers within and during the turns, c) to confirm the students’ utterances at within-turn junctures, or d) to prompt the students to expand on their answers (i.e., open-up with their talk). The findings also suggest that it is not only the sequential positioning of the token, including its timing and prosodic shape that help to disambiguate its use, but the embodied resources (e.g., gaze, head nods, gestures, body posture) the teacher draws upon also play an important role in ascribing specific meanings to it (i.e., informing how it is interpreted/understood by the students) in the L2 classroom. The analysis of the data also shows that ‘Mm hm’ and ‘Yeah’ are used by the teacher in the third turns of the IRFs as distinctive responses to the students’ second turn answers, thereby suggesting that the fact that the teacher is orienting to the norms of the pedagogy has been reflected on her choice of the tokens. This study not only has methodological implications, as it considers an even more fine-grained, multimodal analysis of the uses of a minimal ‘non-lexical’ response token (i.e., ‘Mm hm’), but it also has pedagogical implications for L2 teaching research and practice such as teachers’ embodied practices in teacher-fronted sequences, the effect of teachers’ language use and interaction on learner participation and hence on creating space for learning, and L2 classroom interactional competence (Walsh, 2011), as it describes the distinctive uses of the token by a L2 teacher and the roles it plays in shaping L2 classroom interaction.
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Nguyen, Thi Hue, and Dinh Nghiem Ha. "Research on the status of chemical pesticide uses in agricultural activities in Phan Me commune, Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-190448.
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Phan Me is a midland-mountainous commune of Phu Luong district, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam where the agricultural activities are predominant occupation. The investigation on the use of plant protection products in here showed that chemical pesticides have been commonly used in agricultural activities. Although some local people have a good attitude in using plant protection products, the status of using chemical pesticides that were not recommended (like Vofatox) has been quite popular due to the old cultivation customs. The local people have not applied any measures for wastewater treatment, or plant protection product package treatment. Besides, the use of plant protection products in higher concentration than recommendation for vegetables or crops caused the residues of toxics in agricultural products as well as in cultivation soil. The accumulation of toxic residues in the environment is a serious matter of concern because of their significant impact on the environment, agricultural ecosystem and human healthPhấn Mễ là một xã trung du miền núi của huyện Phú Lương, tỉnh Thái Nguyên, Việt Nam với hoạt động sản xuất nông nghiệp là chủ yếu. Qua thực tế điều tra tình hình sử dụng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật (BVTV) tại đây cho thấy hầu hết các loại hình sản xuất nông nghiệp đều sử dụng thuốc BVTV. Một số người dân đã có ý thức trong việc sử dụng thuốc BVTV tuy nhiên do tập quán canh tác từ lâu đời nên việc sử dụng các loại thuốc bị khuyến cáo, chẳng hạn như Vofatox, vẫn còn khá phổ biến. Người dân chưa tiến hành các biện pháp để xử lý nước thải, bao bì, vỏ chai thuốc BVTV sau khi sử dụng. Bên canh đó, họ còn sử dụng thuốc BVTV không đúng liều lượng cho một số loại cây rau để lại dư lượng thuốc trên nông sản cũng như đất canh tác. Sự tích lũy dư lượng của những chất độc hại này trong môi trường là vấn đề đáng lo ngại do sự ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng của chúng đối với môi trường sống, hệ sinh thái nông nghiệp và sức khỏe con người
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Foster, Gillian Joanne. "Ethylene Supply in a Fluid Context: Implications of Shale Gas and Climate Change." MDPI AG, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6803/1/energies%2D11%2D02967.pdf.
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The recent advent of shale gas in the U.S. has redefined the economics of ethylene manufacturing globally, causing a shift towards low-cost U.S. production due to natural gas feedstock, while reinforcing the industry's reliance on fossil fuels. At the same time, the global climate change crisis compels a transition to a low-carbon economy. These two influencing factors are complex, contested, and uncertain. This paper projects the United States' (U.S.) future ethylene supply in the context of two megatrends: the natural gas surge and global climate change. The analysis models the future U.S. supply of ethylene in 2050 based on plausible socio-economic scenarios in response to climate change mitigation and adaptation pathways as well as a range of natural gas feedstock prices. This Vector Error Correction Model explores the relationships between these variables. The results show that ethylene supply increased in nearly all modeled scenarios. A combination of lower population growth, lower consumption, and higher natural gas prices reduced ethylene supply by 2050. In most cases, forecasted CO2 emissions from ethylene production rose. This is the first study to project future ethylene supply to go beyond the price of feedstocks and include socio-economic variables relevant to climate change mitigation and adaptation.
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Famulari, Armando Maria. "Tecniche regionali di stima della portata di progetto: Impatto della correlazione spaziale tra le serie di osservazioni." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6856/.
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La stima degli indici idrometrici in bacini non strumentati rappresenta un problema che la ricerca internazionale ha affrontato attraverso il cosiddetto PUB (Predictions on Ungauged Basins – IAHS, 2002-2013). Attraverso l’analisi di un’area di studio che comprende 61 bacini del Sud-Est americano, si descrivono e applicano due tecniche di stima molto diverse fra loro: il metodo regressivo ai Minimi Quadrati Generalizzati (GLS) e il Topological kriging (TK). Il primo considera una serie di fattori geomorfoclimatici relativi ai bacini oggetto di studio, e ne estrae i pesi per un modello di regressione lineare dei quantili; il secondo è un metodo di tipo geostatistico che considera il quantile come una variabile regionalizzata su supporto areale (l’area del bacino), tenendo conto della dislocazione geografica e l’eventuale struttura annidata dei bacini d’interesse. L’applicazione di questi due metodi ha riguardato una serie di quantili empirici associati ai tempi di ritorno di 10, 50, 100 e 500 anni, con lo scopo di valutare le prestazioni di un loro possibile accoppiamento, attraverso l’interpolazione via TK dei residui GLS in cross-validazione jack-knife e con differenti vicinaggi. La procedura risulta essere performante, con un indice di efficienza di Nash-Sutcliffe pari a 0,9 per tempi di ritorno bassi ma stazionario su 0,8 per gli altri valori, con un trend peggiorativo all’aumentare di TR e prestazioni pressoché invariate al variare del vicinaggio. L’applicazione ha mostrato che i risultati possono migliorare le prestazioni del metodo GLS ed essere paragonabili ai risultati del TK puro, confermando l’affidabilità del metodo geostatistico ad applicazioni idrologiche.
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NUNEZ, SILVIA C. "Efeito do laser de helio neonio sobre a microcirculacao sanguinea durante a reparacao tecidual: estudo in vivo por meio de fluxometria laser Doppler." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2002. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11055.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia)
IPEN/D-MPLO
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo
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Fuentes-Zurita, María-Cristina. "Les cybercafés populaires au Mexique et les jeunes : réponse baroque ou formation non conventionnelle?" Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030166.
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Cette recherche sur les cybercafés à Mexico vise à comprendre et à expliquer comment les jeunes utilisent ces espaces et quel sens ils leur donnent. L’auteur cherche à savoir s’il s’agit ici d’une réponse baroque ou d’une formation non conventionnelle. Face à la «révolution numérique» cette étude permet de questionner la relation entre les distances technologiques et la construction d’identités subjectives. Les cybercafés s’avèrent être des espaces multiformes, dont les usages et les significations se modèlent selon l’offre et la demande et au travers les interactions entre usagers et entre eux et les operateurs. Comme nouvel espace «entre-deux», le cybercafé permet aux jeunes de constituer leur identité par un processus d’autonomisation et d’apprentissage autodidacte. L’analyse se base sur des observations faites dans 17 cybercafés, sur des entretiens avec opérateurs et jeunes, la constitution d’un corpus photographique. La problématique construite est fondée sur la question suivante :En quoi et Comment l’utilisation et les significations des cybercafés populaires à Mexico permettent-elles aux jeunes de se constituer en sujet social et dans quelle mesure s’agit-il d’une réponse baroque ou d’une formation non-conventionnelle?This research on the cybercafés in Mexico aims at understanding and explaining how young people use these spaces and what the meaning attached to them is. The author wants to know if it corresponds here to a baroque response or to a form of non-conventional learning. Facing the “numerical revolution”, this study allows questioning the relation between the technological gaps and the construction of subjective identities. Cybercafés consist of multiform spaces, where the uses and meanings are shaped by offer and demand as well as through the interaction between users, and between them and the operators. As a new space “between-two”, the cybercafé allows young people to construct their identity by a process of self-determination and of independent learning. The analysis is based on the observations made in 17 cybercafés, of interviews with operators and young users, and in the creation of a photographic collection. The issues developed here are based on the following questions. In what and how the way in which the use and the meaning of the popular cybercafés in Mexico allows its youth to become social subjects and to what measure it corresponds to a baroque response or to a form of unconventional education
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Islam, Md Moinul. "In-kind donation practices, challenges and strategies for NGOs and donors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50332.
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This thesis focuses on developing a comprehensive framework for understanding the challenges NGOs face with in-kind donations in disaster relief. The overwhelming problem of inappropriate material donations, often referred to as the second disaster, has plagued disaster relief operations for decades now in both domestic and international disaster response. Despite efforts to promote ``cash only'' giving in disaster relief, unsolicited and mostly inappropriate in-kind giving continues to challenge NGOs in every major disaster. Researchers have identified this as one of the most pressing yet understudied challenges in disaster relief to date.
This thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, we conduct a multidisciplinary literature review from philanthropy, economics, public policy, corporate philanthropy and corporate social responsibility to understand why donors donate in-kind and why NGOs accept those donations. We describe the roles of the various players involved and explain the structure of the distribution channels in-kind donations follow both in disaster and non-disaster contexts. We then explain the challenges NGOs and their donors face with in-kind donations in the context of these channels. We identify systemic issues in the distribution channels and highlight current policies and practices that contribute to the second disaster.
In the second part of this thesis, we propose a comprehensive framework to help donors, NGOs and policy makers comprehend the scope of the problem and identify strategies to address the challenge of unsolicited donations in disaster relief. Our framework provides a succinct representation of the main issues and players involved in the process in a format that is simple to work with and easy to understand. It supports comprehension of the many related issues and can help NGOs and policy making bodies (e.g., FEMA, NVOAD, USAID) assess current strategies and devise new approaches and solution strategies.
In the third part of the thesis, we exploit our framework to propose a tiered strategy consisting of a set of solutions ranging from decision tools to help NGOs better screen in-kind donation offers to entire new channels for more productive in-kind giving in disaster relief. Each of these solutions may deter only a small fraction of the inappropriate flows, but together they can dramatically diminish the problem. Our proposed NGO decision tools both allow quick screening of donation offers in disaster relief and provide a framework for strategic management of corporate in-kind donations in the long term. We also propose a ``retail donation model" which can transform a portion of the current stream of unwanted and unusable in-kind donations from individuals and community groups into a valuable source of needed relief supplies through an entirely new donation channel. We document a successful implementation of an on-line retail donation model in the 2012 Sandy response.
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Einert, Katharina. "Entwicklung von Mediennutzungsverhalten und Anforderungen an IP-basierte Medien der Zielgruppe 65 bis 80 Jahre." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-63221.
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Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit wurde das Mediennutzungsverhalten von älteren Menschen untersucht. Ausgangspunkt der Arbeit sind die demographische Entwicklung sowie der Wandel zu einer Informations- und Wissensgesellschaft in Deutschland. Aufgrund der steigenden Lebenserwartung und einer sinkenden Geburtenrate stehen einer zunehmenden Zahl älterer eine sinkende Zahl jüngerer Menschen gegenüber. Die Durchdringung nahezu sämtlicher Lebensbereiche mit Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien stellt dabei für die älteren Bevölkerungsschichten aufgrund steigender physischer und psychischer Beeinträchtigungen eine größere Herausforderung dar.
Ziel der Arbeit war es, ein Grundmodell zu entwickeln, welches die Einflussfaktoren auf das Nutzungsverhalten von Senioren in Bezug auf IP-basierte Medien abbildet und eine Vorhersage des Mediennutzungsverhaltens ermöglicht. Als Grundlage des Modells dienten die Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens und der Uses-and-Gratifications-Ansatz. Um das Modell zu entwickeln, wurden neben der Analyse der Literatur Leitfadeninterviews durchgeführt.
In die Betrachtung wurde neben der Zielgruppe mit 65 bis 80 Jahren eine Gruppe im Alter von 50 bis 64 Jahren einbezogen. Der Vergleich beider Gruppen zeigte deutlich, dass die 50 bis 65-jährigen Probanden IP-basierte Medien bereits stärker in den Alltag integrieren und auch zur eigenen Unterhaltung nutzen, während die Gruppe der 65 bis 80-jährigen vorangig klassische Medien wie Fernsehen, Radio sowie Zeitung nutzt und fast außschließlich Informationen sucht. Für die jüngere Gruppe waren zudem Produkteigenschaften wie Ubiquität, Mobilität und Zeitunabhängigkeit der Nutzung von größerer Bedeutung. Es stellte sich in der Untersuchung auch heraus, dass die Gruppe zwischen 65 bis 80 Jahren ein sehr heterogenes Mediennutzungsverhalten besitzt. Dieses leitet sich aus der individuell wahrgenommenen Verhaltenskontrolle, der Einstellung gegenüber der Nutzung des Mediums und den Nutzungsmotiven ab, die zu sehr unterschiedlichen Erwartungen und Bewertungen IP-basierter Medien führen können.
Aus den Interviews ließen sich außerdem spezielle Anforderungen und Gestaltungsempfehlungen ableiten, welche den Einstieg in neuartige IP-basierte Medien und die Mediennutzung nicht nur für ältere Menschen erleichtern können.
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Silva, Selma Tha?s Bruno da. "Uso urbano n?o pot?vel de ?gua de lagoas do sistema de drenagem de Natal." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15976.
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-27Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The detention and infiltration ponds of urban drainage system has function to protect the population from undesirable effects of floods. In general these ponds are not completly used and it potential is wasted. As it are disseminated at different places at cities it can reduce costs with water transport and permit water preservation of best quality. Some it utilities includes use in green areas irrigation, industrial among than cooling towers and boiler, soil compaction, cleaning urban road, pisciculture and fire fighting system. The quality these water is influenced by anauthorized sewage in the drainage system. This study was performed in six detention and infiltration ponds at drainage system of Natal, which aim was to verify the non-portable use these ponds on urban environment. As indirect aim would to incentive the water utilization these ponds as a water source to another uses in urban environment. These ponds represents the characteristics of detention and infiltration of Natal city and consequently of Brazil. As the water quality, the ponds presents following characteristics: three has apparently good quality, other showed intermediate condition and two had water polluted. Were performed twenty sample in each ponds and the following parameters assessed: pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, electrical conductivity, coliform thermotolerant, ammonia, organic nitrogen, TKN, nitrate, total phosphorus and alkalinity, bicarbonate, chloride, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, total solids, TSS, TDS, COD and SAR?. To utilization on pisciculture we recommend use in ponds which presents the best quality. Only one pond presented higher pollutants and it not being appropriated for use in cooling tower. The content of solids suspension restricted the water use in all ponds in boilers. As water use in soil compaction, cleaning urban road and fire fighting system the water from these ponds are not appropriated. However, the recommended limits from literature are to domestic sewage, due to this, the parameters are restrictive to diminish the sanitary risk that could be offered with it utilization. The infiltration velocity of water these assessed ponds restrict a moderato use, however the effects are potentiated only in soil less sandy, which not occur in Natal. It is recommend the unrestricted irrigation utilization in ponds with best quality of water, and a restricted irrigation to ponds with worst quality of water. As load of pollutants, it is recommended a complementary treatment in those ponds whit higher load to diminish sanitary risks. In only one pond was found one helminth eggs and due to the convention formula of results, it was found for all ponds less than 1 helminth/liter eggs.
As lagoas de deten??o e infiltra??o do sistema de drenagem urbana geralmente possuem a fun??o de proteger a popula??o contra os efeitos indesej?veis de enchentes. Geralmente as ?guas de tais lagoas n?o s?o utilizadas e o seu potencial ? desperdi?ado. Por estarem disseminadas nas cidades pode-se reduzir os custos com transporte de ?gua, al?m de permitir a preserva??o de ?guas de melhor qualidade. Alguns dos poss?veis usos s?o irriga??o de ?reas verdes, uso em caldeiras, torres de resfriamento, e outros usos industriais, na compacta??o do solo, limpeza de vias p?blicas, na piscicultura, em sistemas de combate a inc?ndio, etc. A qualidade destas ?guas sofre influ?ncia de lan?amentos indevidos de esgotos sanit?rios na rede de drenagem. O estudo foi realizado em seis lagoas de deten??o e infiltra??o do sistema de drenagem de Natal, com o objetivo de verificar as condi??es de uso n?o pot?vel de suas ?guas no meio urbano. Indiretamente tamb?m objetiva incentivar a utiliza??o das ?guas destas lagoas como uma fonte de ?gua com potenciais de outros usos no meio urbano. As lagoas s?o representativas das caracter?sticas de lagoas de deten??o e infiltra??o que est?o disseminadas em Natal, assim como no Brasil. As lagoas apresentaram as seguintes similaridades: tr?s delas apresentaram aparentemente boa qualidade de suas ?guas, outra lagoa apresentou uma condi??o de qualidade intermedi?ria, e outras duas lagoas apresentam ?guas polu?das. Foram realizadas vinte coletas em cada lagoa de deten??o e infiltra??o. Os par?metros analisados foram: pH, temperatura, oxig?nio dissolvido, turbidez, condutividade el?trica, coliformes termotolerantes, nitrog?nio amoniacal, nitrog?nio org?nico, NTK, nitrato, f?sforo total, alcalinidade total, bicarbonatos, cloretos, dureza total, dureza de c?lcio, dureza de magn?sio, s?lidos totais, SST, SDT, DQO e RAS?. Para a utiliza??o em piscicultura recomenda-se o uso das ?guas das lagoas que apresentaram as melhores qualidades. Em torres de resfriamento apenas a ?gua de uma das lagoas, a que apresentou a maior carga de poluentes, n?o ? adequada. O teor de s?lidos em suspens?o restringiu o uso das ?guas de todas as lagoas em caldeiras. Para uso das ?guas das lagoas em compacta??o do solo, limpeza de vias p?blicas, e em sistemas de prote??o contra inc?ndio as ?guas das lagoas n?o s?o adequadas. Entretanto, os limites recomendados nas refer?ncias pesquisadas s?o para esgotos dom?sticos, e em fun??o disto, os par?metros s?o restritivos para que se diminuam os riscos sanit?rios que podem ser oferecidos com a utiliza??o. A velocidade de infiltra??o das ?guas das lagoas analisadas imp?s uma condi??o de uso moderado, mas os efeitos s?o potencializados apenas em solos pouco arenosos, que n?o ocorre em Natal. Recomenda-se a utiliza??o em irriga??o irrestrita para as ?guas da lagoa que possui a melhor qualidade, e, exceto para a de pior qualidade, a recomenda??o ? para uso em irriga??o restrita. Para as ?guas da lagoa com maior carga de poluentes recomenda-se tratamento complementar para que riscos sanit?rios sejam eliminados. Em uma ?nica lagoa foi encontrado apenas um ovo de helminto, e em fun??o das f?rmulas para convers?o dos resultados, foi encontrado para todas as lagoas a concentra??o de menos de 1 ovo de helminto/litro.
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Msukwa, Chimwemwe Kanyamana. "Strategic interests in transboundary river cooperation in Southern Africa – the case of the Okavango." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5239.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Water is life. Its availability and quality directly relates to what is possible in agriculture as well as human health. In Southern Africa, water issues have become an important political agenda as a result of the droughts that the region has been experiencing. The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), in its water protocol advises its member states to set up river basin organisations to manage transboundary rivers in Southern Africa. The aim is to encourage the sustainable use of international rivers. Sharing international rivers has proven to be a very difficult issue as shown by the voting patterns on the UN Convention on the Law of Non Navigational Uses of Transboundary Rivers and the subsequent failure of entry into force of this convention. While strategic interests on the global levels manifest themselves in voting patterns in forums like the UN Assembly, the situation is trickier at the regional level. These strategic interests are ever present as a result of states’ need for recognition of their sovereignty and the inability of states to accept any hierarchical enforcement. This study investigates the impact of these interests at the basin level on the structure of cooperation. With the use of a case study, namely the Okavango River Basin Commission, and guided by regime theory, the study looks at the process of regime formation and maintenance in the basin. It concludes that states use cooperative arrangements (international water cooperation regimes) as tools for the strategic protection of their sovereignty.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Water is lewe. Die beskikbaarheid en kwaliteit het direk te betrekking op wat moontlik toeneemed is in landbou so wel as menslike gesondheid. Water as ʼn noodsaaklike bron in suider-Afrika word meer en meer beskou as ʼn belangrike kwessie op die politieke agenda as gevolg van droogte wat in die streek ondervind word. ʼn Hoë vlak van belangrikheid word aan die bestuur van water binne die streek geheg. Die SAOG (Die Suider – Afrikaanse Ontwikkelings gemeenskap), het in sy water protokol aan sy lid state beveel om rivier kom organisasies te stig om beheer uit te oefen oor riviere in Suider- Afrika wat oor grense heen vloei. Die doel is om lidstate aan te moedig om die volhoubare gebruik van internasionale riviere te bevorder . Die vedeling van internasionale riviere is ‘n komplekse kwessie soos wat VN stempatrone aandui ten opsigte van die Wet op die Verbod teen Navigasie op Oorgrensende Riviere en die daaropvolgende versuim van die inwerkingtreding van die Konvensie aandui. As gevolg van state se behoefte vir erkenning van hul soewereiniteit en hul strategiese belange bly die deel van rivierkomme ‘n moeilike internasionale probleem. Hierdie studie ondersoek die impak van die bogenoemde belange op die kom vlak op die struktuur van samewerking. Met die gebruik van ʼn gevallestudie, naamlik die Okovango Rivier Kom Kommissie, en aan die hand van regime teorie, ondersoek die studie die proses van regime formasie asook die problematiek rondom die instandhouding van die Komissie. Die gevolgtrekking is dat state koöperatiewe reëlings (internasionale water samewerking regimes) as instrumente vir die beskerming van hul strategiese soewereiniteit en eie belange gebruik.
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Doppler-Speranza, François. "Civils et militaires : les aspects culturels de la présence américaine en France, 1944-1967." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC028.
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Notre thèse se donne pour objectif d’examiner la projection culturelle de la présence militaire américaine en France entre 1944 et 1967. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, alors que le monde bascule dans la Guerre froide, nul ne sait déterminer l’issue de la confrontation politique et idéologique qui se déroule entre les États-Unis et l’Union Soviétique. En 1949, la France fait partie des pays fondateurs de l’Organisation du traité de l’Atlantique nord (OTAN). Sa participation à l’organisation internationale entraîne le « grand retour » des soldats américains, les GI, sur le territoire français. Celui-ci s’accompagne d’une politique culturelle inédite, qui se traduit par de nombreuses actions menées tant au niveau institutionnel que sur le terrain des bases militaires. Comment et pourquoi les autorités diplomatiques et militaires s’appliquent-elles à développer une stratégie de promotion de la présence militaire américaine en France ? Quelles formes prennent les campagnes de publicité organisées par les services d’information américains en France (USIS-France), pour développer les rapports entre civiles et militaires ? Quelle image les Français et les Américains se font-ils de cette présence militaire en territoire étranger ? À la lumière d’études journalistiques, archivistiques et de terrain, nous montrons que Washington s’emploie à conduire une politique culturelle « parabelliciste » très maîtrisée. Cette notion, adaptée de la pensée de l’intellectuel français Jacques Ayencourt en 1946, caractérise avec à-propos la politique culturelle américaine conduite de l’arrivée des premiers GI en 1944 jusqu’au départ des derniers bataillons en 1967Our thesis aims to examine the promotion of the American military presence in France from 1944 to 1967. After World War II, as the world was slowly drifting into the Cold War, the outcome of the political and ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was still uncertain. In 1949, France took part in the foundation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Its participation in NATO led to the return of US soldiers, the GIs, to French territory. Their return was accompanied by an unprecedented cultural policy, implemented both at the institutional level and in the day-to-day lives of French citizens. How and why did the diplomatic circles and the military establishment feel the need to develop a strategy to promote the US military presence in France? How were the advertisement campaigns conceived by the US information services in France (USIS-France) in order to develop a relationship between civilians and the military? What image did the French and the Americans have of this military presence on French soil? Based on journalistic, archival and field studies, our work shows that Washington’s cultural policy was “parabellicist,” aiming deliberately to keep both the French and the Americans on a war footing. This notion, derived from Jacques Ayencourt’s work in 1946, appropriately characterizes American cultural policy conduct from the arrival of the first GIs in 1944 until the last battalions departed in 1967
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El, Jadie Amna. "L'énergie nucléaire et le droit international public." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1006/document.
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Tous les États sans discrimination ont un droit inaliénable de développer les utilisations de l'énergie nucléaire à des fins civiles, à condition de ne pas détourner ces utilisations pacifiques vers des armes nucléaires. Cependant, il est accordé à cinq pays le droit de posséder ces armes, à savoir les États-Unis, la France, la Russie, la Chine et le Royaume-Uni. Autour de cette position, un vif débat à la fois juridique et éthique a été soulevé. En effet, pour ses opposants, le nucléaire représente un risque durable et non maîtrisable par la science. Les accidents nucléaires majeurs, les déchets radioactifs et le détournement du nucléaire à des fins militaires sont des risques ingérables et d‟une gravité exceptionnelle. En revanche, les défenseurs de cette énergie la présentent comme sûre, voire partie prenante du développement durable. Selon eux, le nucléaire est un moyen fiable de lutter contre le réchauffement climatique et aussi une solution à la pénurie énergétique à laquelle le monde est confronté. En examinant et analysant la fiabilité et la crédibilité de tous les arguments allant à l‟encontre et en faveur de cette industrie, on constate que la licéité et la légitimité du recours à l'énergie nucléaire sont mal fondées. Par conséquent, nous estimons qu‟il est nécessaire de dépasser le nucléaire par la conclusion d'une convention internationale posant l'interdiction progressive mais complète du nucléaireAll states without discrimination have an inalienable right to develop the uses of nuclear energy for civilian purposes, provided they do not divert these peaceful uses to nuclear weapons. However, five states have been granted the right to possess these weapons, that is : United-States, France, Russia, China and United-Kingdom. Around this position a fierce debate, both legal and ethical, has been raised. Indeed for its opponents nuclear represents a persistent risk that is non controllable by science. Major nuclear accidents, radioactive wastes and the use of nuclear for military purposes are unmanageable risks of exceptionnal serious gravity. On the other hand, the proponents of this energy present it as safe, even as part of sustainable development. According to them, nuclear is a reliable means to fight global warming and is also a solution to the energy shortage the world is facing. When analyzing the reliability and the credibility of all arguments for and against this industry, it can be noticed that the lawfulness and legitimacy of the use of nuclear energy are ill-founded. Therefore, we believe there is a need to go beyond nuclear with the conclusion of an international convention dealing with the progressive but comprehensive nuclear ban
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MENESES, Ana Claudia Pires Fontenele de. "Quem te ensinou a fazer renda? a cultura dos morros da mariana-pi como influência na educação pela renda de bilros." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/3403.
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MENEZES, Ana Claudia Pires Fontenele de. Quem te ensinou a fazer renda?: a cultura dos Morros da Mariana-Pi como influência na educação pela renda de bilros. 2009. 199 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2007.Submitted by Raul Oliveira (raulcmo@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-03T16:12:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Dis_ ACPFMeneses.pdf: 2084671 bytes, checksum: dbd96e02ab384ba09136e4386a02c8fd (MD5)
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Nesta pesquisa etnográfica, observou-se a cultura da localidade de Morros da Mariana – PI, localidade do Município de Ilha Grande do Piauí, no Delta do Parnaíba, sob a perspectiva da renda de bilro, e de sua transmissão pela tradição oral. Olhando para o objeto sob o prisma da Educação, procurou-se compreender como a cultura local e suas influencias agem sobre o ensino-aprendizagem não formal e informal do ofício no local. Procurou-se descrever as alterações desta atividade que ora soma aulas de renda de bilros à tradição de ensino, na qual as crianças aprendem em casa, pelas mãos de parentas, dentro do cotidiano doméstico. No primeiro capítulo – Enredo - foi feito um levantamento histórico no sentido de compreender como ocorreram a formação e o povoamento da Ilha Grande. Em seguida, se fez breve pincelada na história da educação no Piauí, com o intuito de entender os caminhos da educação em Ilha Grande do Piauí. No capítulo segundo – Ambiente, primeiramente observou-se o Município nos dias de hoje, sob o contexto socioeconômico. Posteriormente, a cultura local foi descrita tendo como principais categorias: a alimentação, o cotidiano, o trabalho, os casamentos, os rituais de nascimento, o parto, a infância, hábitos de lazer e festas tradicionais e os rituais de morte. No capítulo seguinte – Renda de bilros – se fez um apanhado sobre a renda de bilros enfocando assuntos como: história, arte/artesanato, qualidade, comercialização e novos usos do objeto. Após, em De mulheres rendeiras a professoras de renda - a vida de duas professoras foi narrada. A seguir, o ensino não formal recebe destaque como um método para o ensino da renda. Por fim, abordando o ensino informal, foram registrados e comentados depoimentos de aprendizes e mestras do ensino tradicional que recebem lições de renda na educação que se faz no cotidiano.
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MEDEIROS, Rex Antonio da Costa. "Zero-Error capacity of quantum channels." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2008. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1320.
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Nesta tese, a capacidade erro-zero de canais discretos sem memória é generalizada para canais quânticos. Uma nova capacidade para a transmissão de informação clássica através de canais quânticos é proposta. A capacidade erro-zero de canais quânticos (CEZQ) é definida como sendo a máxima quantidade de informação por uso do canal que pode ser enviada através de um canal quântico ruidoso, considerando uma probabilidade de erro igual a zero. O protocolo de comunicação restringe palavras-código a produtos tensoriais de estados quânticos de entrada, enquanto que medições coletivas entre várias saídas do canal são permitidas. Portanto, o protocolo empregado é similar ao protocolo de Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland. O problema de encontrar a CEZQ é reformulado usando elementos da teoria de grafos. Esta definição equivalente é usada para demonstrar propriedades de famílias de estados quânticos e medições que atingem a CEZQ. É mostrado que a capacidade de um canal quântico num espaço de Hilbert de dimensão d pode sempre ser alcançada usando famílias compostas de, no máximo,d estados puros. Com relação às medições, demonstra-se que medições coletivas de von Neumann são necessárias e suficientes para alcançar a capacidade. É discutido se a CEZQ é uma generalização não trivial da capacidade erro-zero clássica. O termo não trivial refere-se a existência de canais quânticos para os quais a CEZQ só pode ser alcançada através de famílias de estados quânticos não-ortogonais e usando códigos de comprimento maior ou igual a dois. É investigada a CEZQ de alguns canais quânticos. É mostrado que o problema de calcular a CEZQ de canais clássicos-quânticos é puramente clássico. Em particular, é exibido um canal quântico para o qual conjectura-se que a CEZQ só pode ser alcançada usando uma família de estados quânticos não-ortogonais. Se a conjectura é verdadeira, é possível calcular o valor exato da capacidade e construir um código de bloco quântico que alcança a capacidade. Finalmente, é demonstrado que a CEZQ é limitada superiormente pela capacidade de Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland.
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Soares, André Ram da Silva. "Characterization of Kaolin deposits in Aileu Sub-District, Aileu District (Timor Leste)." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/93622.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Geociências apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaCom base na geologia regional, existem duas formações na área trabalhada, a Formação Aileu e a Formação das Areias de Ainaro. Com base em estudos geológicos com uma escala de 1: 25.000, a litologia da área de estudo pode ser dividida em quatro unidades, e que são: argilitos de baixo e alto grau de alteração, cascalheiras do quarternário, unidades cauliníticas, e depósitos aluviais. A análise mineralógica mostra que as amostras são constituídas por ilite/caulinite, quartzo e, com menor representatividade, moscovite e goetite. A partir dos dados das análises químicas, as amostras contêm óxidos, nomeadamente SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 e K2O, o que é consistente com a composição mineral identificada. Os valores de Fe2O3 são geralmente altos, normalmente acima de 1%, com valores médios entre 2,6% e 3,2%, apresentando a amostra AL-20T o valor mais alto e que é superior a 5,9%. A distribuição das dimensões dos grãos incluem-nas no campo dos siltes argilosos muito finos, exceto a AL-31 que se enquadra nas argilas.Testes tecnológicos, após secagem e cozedura, comprovam que estas amostras cauliníticas possuem uma retração total essencialmente na fase de secagem a 110 ° C, sendo reduzida durante as etapas de cozedura ensaiadas. Em relação à resistência mecânica à flexão, este parâmetro aumenta com a temperatura de cozedura, sendo o aumento mais significativo nas amostras AL 17 e AL 31.Os métodos de análise e parâmetros laboratoriais obtidos foram realizados no Centro Tecnológico de Cerâmica e Vidro (CTCV), Coimbra - Portugal.As características físicas, químicas e tecnológicas do caulino de Aileu permitem o uso industrial desta matéria prima no segmento da cerâmica estrutural de base vermelha, como componente de uma mistura envolvendo outro tipo de argilas (e.g. montmorilonite) e areia, para otimizar essa pasta cerâmica. Os recursos são significativos.
According to the published regional geology, there are two formations in the study area, namely the Aileu Formation and the Ainaro Gravel Formation. Based on geological studies on a scale of 1: 25,000, the lithology of the study area can be divided into four units, namely low alteration and mudstones, quaternary gravel units, kaolin units and alluvial deposits.The mineralogical analysis shows that the analyzed samples are constituted mainly of illite/kaolinite and quartz, followed by muscovite and some goethite. The chemical analysis data from these samples reveal oxides, namely SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and K2O which are consistent with the identified mineral composition. Fe2O3 values are generally high, usually more than 1%, averaging between 2,6% to 3,2%, and the highest values (AL-20T) are higher at 5,9%. Grain size distribution leads to groups dominated by silty-clay, except for AL-31 which is dominantly clay. Technology testing, after drying and firing, shows that, for the kaolin samples, most of the total shrinkage occurs during the drying stage up to 110 °C and that it is reduced during the firing stages. Regarding the mechanical flexural strength, the parameter increases with the firing temperature, being the most significant increase in samples AL 17 and AL 31.The analysis and measurement of the parameters took place at the “Centro Tecnológico da Cerâmica e do Vidro” (CTCV), Coimbra - Portugal. The physical, chemical and technological characteristics of the Aileu's kaolin allow industrial use in the red-based structural ceramics segment, as a component of a mixture involving other types of clay (e.g. montmorillonite) and sand in order to optimize the ceramic paste. The amount of resources are significant.
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Ribeiro, Carla Sofia de Abreu e. Lima Guerra. "The uses (and non-usage) of the Balanced Scorecard: the case of EDP Produção." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87210.
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Ribeiro, Carla Sofia de Abreu e. Lima Guerra. "The uses (and non-usage) of the Balanced Scorecard: the case of EDP Produção." Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/87210.
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Syu, Pei-Sin, and 徐珮心. "On the Non-directional Uses of loi5 ‘come’ and hi3 ‘go’ in Taiwanese Hakka." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8efff8.
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碩士國立清華大學
臺灣語言研究與教學研究所
106
As deictic words, Hakka motion verbs loi5 ‘come’ and hi3 ‘go’ both take the speaker as the deictic center, denoting ‘moving to the speaker’ and ‘moving away from the speaker’, respectively. In addition to the verbal use, loi5 and hi3 may also function as a complement in the verb-complement compounds. One noticeable feature of these two words is that they may convey a non-deictic sense when they follow a verb-object compound, a verb-complement compound, or a verb-phase/aspect construction. These uses are not attested in Taiwanese Southern Min and Taiwan Mandarin and hence raise interesting research questions of where and how these uses came from. Based on the authentic data gleaned from corpus, this thesis explores the non-deictic uses of loi5 and hi3 in the V+X+ loi5 and V+X+hi3 constructions. We propose that the V(+X)+ loi5/hi3+VP construction derived from the V(+X)+ loi5/hi3+NPlocative construction via the metaphor PURPOSES ARE DESTINATIONS (i.e., goals of movement). Reanalysis of the directional complement loi5/hi3 as a purpose marker was triggered in the process of grammaticalization. Different from loi5, hi3 has also changed from a deictic complement to a state marker in the V+phase/aspect+hi3 construction through the CHANGE OF STATE IS CHANGE OF LOCATION metaphor.
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Yang, Hsin-Yi, and 楊心儀. "A Pragmatic Perspective on Non-canonical Uses of Personal Pronouns in Mandarin Chinese and English." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34533964679248848956.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
外國語文學系
99
Personal pronouns, i.e. first- and second-person pronouns, are used for denoting speech roles of individuals who participate in the speech act and for indicating their involvement in the events or states that the sentences in which they occur describe. First-person pronouns indicate the speech role of “being the speaker,” and second-person pronouns indicate the speech role of “being the addressee.” And the nature of communication is such that the speech roles of “being the speaker” and “being the addressee” shift constantly among two or more individuals as a conversation progresses. In order to indicate, consistently, the involvement of speech roles in an event or state, it is therefore necessary for first- and second-person pronouns to remain unaffected by changes that take place in their referents. Third-person pronouns, on the other hand, are used to refer to other people, who are neither the speaker nor the addressee. Moreover, they are important in making referential links in a conversation when they perform the anaphoric function. Non-canonical uses of personal pronouns refer to the uses of personal pronouns that violate such normal, or canonical, uses of personal pronouns as those stated in the preceding paragraph. The violation is manifested in various ways. For example, first-person plural pronouns refer to the speaker, the addressee(s), or the person other than the speaker and the addressee. Second-person singular pronouns refer to the speaker. Also, personal pronouns can refer to “people in general.” This thesis is a close study of the non-canonical uses of personal pronouns in both Mandarin Chinese and English. Cases of the non-canonical uses of personal pronouns in the two languages were documented, described, analyzed and classified. They include the cases that first-person plural pronouns are used to refer to either the speaker or the addressee(s) and second-person singular pronouns are used to refer to the speaker. Furthermore, explanations were sought as regards such uses on the basis of Brown & Levinson’s (1987) framework of politeness. The findings of the thesis indicate that non-canonical uses of personal pronouns in the two languages clearly reflect the speaker’s intention of achieve politeness. Key words: personal pronouns, non-canonical uses, framework of politeness, referent, politeness
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Yani and 莫明智. "Enterprise Risk Management: Evidence from High and Non High-performance Firms in US’s Banking Industry." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04027840484479935485.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
99
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is not a novel notion today, but there is still a lingering question whether ERM affects value (or performance) positively. Despite of numerous rationales to explain the indecisive findings, this study takes an alternative means by looking into ERM in high and non high-performance firms. Harnessing streams of prior studies of ERM’s determinants and effects, the study examines if firms’ ERMs discriminated based on performance are different. The study finds that high-performance firms are not completely discouraged to disclose ERM activities; even they show separate motivations. Then, the study also reveals that ERM in high-performance firms outperforms ERM in non high-performance firms, particularly in terms of value creation. Provided ERM is only considered to be applied when it can enhance value/performance, the finding suggests that ERM in high-performance firms can be set as a benchmark of good ERM.
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Johnson, Uduak Friday. "An analysis of the purposes and uses of monitoring and evaluation within NGOs : a case study of the Centre for Criminal Justice (CCJ)." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5165.
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This study aimed to critically analyze the purposes and uses of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) within NGOs. It proceeded from the criticisms often levelled against M&E with regards to its relevance and its numerous failures. Moreover, if development programme interventions are already justified through useful services rendered to beneficiaries, what impact does development assistance projects like M&E have in the lives of individual beneficiaries of these programmes, especially considering the fact that significant resources and time are expended on M&E? Prompted by this question, the study investigated the strengths and challenges experienced by NGOs in using M&E in programme implementation.
Given the numerous and diverse definitions of M&E and its diversity in practice among organizations, it was necessary to carry out the investigation through a case study; using a qualitative research method. The Centre for Criminal Justice (CCJ) was chosen for the case-study, given its history of the use of M&E in its outreach programme implementation. A semi-structured interview was used to gather data from a sample of seven members of the organization from different levels, ranging from management, the evaluator, head office staff and implementation staff who are either directly or indirectly involved in a vital way in the M&E process. This was to solicit diverse and in-depth responses from different perspectives on the purposes and uses of M&E within the organization.
Findings revealed that the organization has institutionalized a well-structured, top-down and ongoing monitoring process to gather data daily from the services provided by the implementation staff. It also boasts an ongoing M&E system that follows the three-year cycle of the programme. This is besides other M&E related research carried out in the organization. The study found that some of those involved in the M&E process within CCJ have little or no understanding of the role of M&E within the organization. The implementation staff, for instance, who gather routine monitoring data, were found not to understand the full significance of their services to the M&E and development process as a whole. Beneficiaries were found not to understand the role of M&E within the organization and the impact it has on the services which they receive.
The implications of such lack of knowledge to the development process is based on the assertion that the ‘objectives of social development programmes should be to help the indigenous communities or underprivileged groups (such as women, landless labourers, ...) develop the organizational capacity and knowledge needed to identify and satisfy their own needs’ (Valadez & Bamberger 1994: 9). In other words, if their participation should have more relevant outcomes, they need to be aware of what they are engaged in. This is a precondition for sustainable development and ownership of the development process. When this is lacking, there can be resistance or poor participation in the process and the threat of paternalism. The dilemma is that M&E is very technical.
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Soekardi, M. "Soil interpretation for non-agricultural and agricultural uses in the soils of the Benchmark Soils Project." Thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9249.
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Pieroni, Andrea, S. Nebel, R. F. Santoro, and M. Heinrich. "Food for two seasons: culinary uses of non-cultivated local vegetables and mushrooms in a south Italian village." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3782.
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NoThe use of non-cultivated plants in a daily diet based on local cuisines is potentially of considerable interest to nutritional scientists, because of the plants' role as local products and their potential as sources of novel nutraceuticals. In many Mediterranean regions these traditions are at risk of disappearing, hence the urgent need to study such knowledge systems. Accordingly, an ethnobotanical survey was carried out among the 850 inhabitants of the village of Castelmezzano, in central Lucania, which is located in the inland southern Italy. Seventy-five taxa of non-cultivated and semi-cultivated local food plants and mushrooms were documented, and uncommon food uses of a few species were reported for the first time. These include Bellavalia romana, Lepista nebularis and Onopordum illyricum. Most of the recorded non-cultivated food plants and mushrooms are cooked in oil or fat. Very few are consumed raw. This article discusses in detail the traditional culinary uses of these plants, their seasonality, ethnoecology, and their economic and nutritional potentials. The article also demonstrates how food agro-biodiversity is inextricably connected with cultural heritage.
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Sinave, Naïla. "Análisis de las actitudes lingüísticas hacia el slang mexicano : usos y valoración de la palabra güey." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4296.
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L’étude des attitudes linguistiques, entreprise par la sociolinguistique et la psychologie sociale, a permis de confirmer que toutes les variétés linguistiques ne reçoivent pas le même traitement. La langue standard, étant en règle générale la langue du groupe de prestige, bénéficie d’une reconnaissance sociale en comparaison avec les variétés non-standards ou minoritaires, qui, au contraire, suscitent généralement des attitudes plus négatives.
Dans ce mémoire, nous analysons les attitudes linguistiques des mexicains à l’égard du slang mexicain. La méthodologie du projet comporte deux parties principales. Dans un premier temps, des conversations spontanées et naturelles entre locuteurs de slang sont enregistrées. Des fragments de ces enregistrements sont ensuite écoutés par un groupe de sujets qui, simultanément, remplit un questionnaire évaluant leurs attitudes linguistiques dirigées envers l’usage du slang ainsi qu’envers les individus qui le parle.
L’analyse statistique des résultats permet de faire quelques constats : Il y a une différence très significative entre la façon dont les dimensions de solidarité et de prestige sont jugées, les pointages donnés aux aspects tels que l’intelligence et le succès des locuteurs de slang s’avérant beaucoup plus bas que ceux accordés aux aspects reliés à leur personnalité, comme la bonté et la générosité. Aussi, les variables de l’âge et du sexe ont une influence sur les attitudes linguistiques : les femmes ainsi que la génération plus âgée s’avèrent plus sévères dans leur évaluation du slang.
Ce mémoire se divise en cinq chapitres. Les deux premiers explorent les concepts théoriques sur lesquels se basent le projet, soit les attitudes linguistiques et le slang comme phénomène linguistique et social. Les trois chapitres suivants se consacrent au projet en soit : la méthodologie, l’analyse des résultats et l’interprétation de ceux-ci.The study of language attitudes via sociolinguistics and social psychology has confirmed the notion that all varieties of language are treated differently. As a general rule, the standard language is the language of the prestigious group and is held at a high social esteem whereas non-standard or minority language varieties are, in general, judged negatively. This thesis analyzes the language attitudes of Mexicans towards Mexican slang. The project methodology consists in two main phases. Firstly, spontaneous and natural conversations are recorded. Following this, a group of individuals listen to fragments of these conversations while simultaneously filling out a questionnaire that evaluate their language attitudes towards the use of slang as well as towards the slang speakers. The statistical analysis of the results lead to the observation of several patterns: There is a very significant difference in the way solidarity aspects and prestige aspects are judged. The points given to aspects such as intelligence and success for speakers of slang are significantly lower than the points given to personality aspects such as generosity and kindness. Age and gender also have influence on language attitudes: women and the elderly are more severe in their judgment and evaluation of slang. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first two explore the theoretical concepts upon which the work is based, including language attitudes and slang as a linguistic and social phenomenon. The following three chapters are dedicated to the project itself: the methodology, the analysis of the results and their interpretation.
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Coady, Jerry J. "Non-logistics bar code uses for the Department of Defense: illustrative applications for the Naval Postgraduate School." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22383.
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Richards, Bryce Sydney. "Novel uses of titanium dioxide for silicon solar cells /." 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20041129.093521/index.html.
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Lin, Jing-Lun, and 林靖倫. "How a Non-profit Organization Uses Social Capital to Create Value? A Case Study of Amitofo Care Center." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cpbw3e.
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碩士國立臺南大學
經營與管理學系科技管理碩士班
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Previous studies discuss social capital mostly focus on political and civil society issues. Social capital is used to explain many contemporary social problems. However non-profit organization uses social capital is relatively scant. In view of this gap, this study grounded on a single and longitudinal case study and drew how Amitofo Care Center used social capital to create value in different period of growth. Organization founder uses social capital help Orphans with lack of fund and human resources. Rooted from Altruism, this study focuses on process leading participants work for the welfare of others. For theoretical contributions, we argue that social capital have addition of nature and feedback effect because facets assist each other. Objects of value creation have anti-feedback to help organization convey vision and story, so organization can continue to expand and create value. For practical contribution, this study suggest that non-profit organizations should view value creation as core values and avoiding falling into fundraising and profit maximization myth.
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Beer, Marelize. "Towards direct wastewater reuse for potable and non-potable uses: an urban water balance, costing and assessment of perceptions at a South African community." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22607.
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A research project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering (Civil Engineering).
Vanderbijlpark, 2016South Africa is a semi-arid country with an average rainfall of 450 mm per annum. According to the Department of Water Affairs, the total registered water usage in 2013 met the estimated 2025 high water requirement of 17.3 billion m3/annum. Therefore, the need had arisen to reduce water consumption and increase water supply to ensure the sustainability of our nation’s water resources. Many studies show that wastewater reuse or water reclamation is an under-utilized and very viable water conservation concept in South Africa. The reuse of wastewater for direct potable or direct non-potable reuse is a highly debated topic requiring frequent engagement and investigation. Although direct reuse for potable uses is often more contentious than direct reuse for non-potable uses, it is worth investigating for possible future implementation at certain water scares areas. Hence, this study investigated the possibility of the future implementation of direct wastewater reuse at Hartbeesfontein - a selected South African community, for potable or non-potable use. The study incorporated potential users’ perceptions, the cost implications of reuse and water saving potential by means of different water balance models. The survey conducted, measuring the intention of the residents from Hartbeesfontein to accept direct wastewater reuse for potable and non-potable use, revealed the community’s overwhelming acceptance (about 70%) of a reuse system should it be implemented in the future. The community’s preference for wastewater reuse for non-potable use (75%) was higher than for potable use (67%). Hypothetically, it would be possible to reuse 85% of the community’s daily demand for potable use, if all the wastewater collected at the wastewater treatment plant could be treated. It would then mean that the municipality will only need to provide 15% of the daily water demand. The option to reuse wastewater for non-potable use (i.e. to supply an industry) could save the community 22% its daily water demand. In this study, the cost of wastewater treatment for potable use was approximately 350% higher than the cost of potable water supplied by the Midvaal Water Company. The cost of treating wastewater for non-potable use however was approximately 46% less than the cost of potable water supplied by the Midvaal Water Company. By incorporating the outcomes of the water balance, perceptions of the community and analysis of the different wastewater reuse scenario costs, it was evident from the study that direct wastewater reuse for non-potable industrial application was the most viable water reuse option for Hartbeesfontein.
MT2017
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Roffe, Samantha Sharon M. "Problem evaluation and opportunity area master planning for non-consumptive uses at Horicon National Wildlife Refuge a structured approach to landscape planning and design /." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20080150.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1989.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-201).
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Martinho, André Ricardo Damas. "A aquisição de novos usos de ferramentas em primatas humanos e a evolução da aprendizagem social: Uma abordagem experimental." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82849.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Evolução e Biologia Humanas apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaHuman primates are known for their extensive capability to tool use and tool making compared with their closest relatives, the chimpanzees. Literature shows that the disparity in the acquisition of such capacities is related to different mechanisms of social learning: while modern humans use imitation and active teaching to acquire new capacities, chimpanzees seem to rely on emulation and trial / error learning to acquire behavioural use and tool manufacturing. In chimpanzees, there is a critical phase of learning (juvenile age), and individuals tend to be conservative after this phase, and rarely acquire new technological behaviours. In humans, very little is known about: 1) Acquiring new technological behaviours in adults; 2) The variables that influence social learning during the acquisition of a new technological behaviour in individuals in the period of childhood. The present study is an experimental approach with the intent of testing human individuals exposed to a new technological task, considered simple and rudimentary (nut cracking), for which there are similar data regarding the chimpanzees from West Africa.The present work consists of two experimental studies, both focusing on the initial stages of learning the use of tools: Study 1) Tests the efficiency in western adults (between 19 and 30 years old) in a new task: "nut cracking"; Study 2) Tests the efficiency in the same task in pairs of children from a different cultural context (East Africans) of school age (between 4 and 15 years old), under different experimental conditions: 1) Without any role model; 2) With a video model showing 15 sec. of chimpanzee nut-cracking; 3) With a human role model performing the nut-cracking before the test).The results of the present study show that the individuals select the tools function for the execution of the task based on its morphological features. These results have parallels with field studies in wild chimpanzees. The study also indicates important differences in the performance of nut cracking between human and non-human primates. Similar to what literature shows us about differences between genders in the performance of this task in chimpanzees (where females are more effective than males), the data of the two experimental studies in human primates shows that gender also has preponderance in the performance of the task. However, the results indicate that human males are more effective than females, requiring fewer bouts to be successful. Results demonstrate that when performing a new task, human primates tend to acquire and learn to improve their abilities significantly faster than nonhuman primates, nevertheless, in comparison to what literature indicates about the proficiency of non-human primates in nut cracking, human subjects required on average significantly more bouts to crack open a nut.Regarding Study 2, results show that the age of the individuals seems to have a preponderant role in the ability for the task execution: younger individuals have more difficulty performing the task than older individuals. Concerning the behavioural patterns demonstrated by individuals, the study shows that there is a tendency for "over-imitation" by older individuals. On the other hand, younger individuals tend to observe their pairs more often, thus, it seems to indicate that acquiring new behaviours via horizontal transmission can be an important mechanism for social learning.This study also corroborates that the acquisition of new capacities, such as percussive tasks, can share parallels with species of the genus Pan, without the need for complex mechanisms for cultural transmission.
Os seres humanos são conhecidos pela sua extensa capacidade de utilização e produção de ferramentas em comparação com os seus parentes mais próximos, os chimpanzés. A literatura mostra que a disparidade na aquisição de tais capacidades está relacionada com diferentes mecanismos de aprendizagem social: enquanto os seres humanos modernos utilizam, para adquirir novas capacidades, a imitação e o ensino ativo, os chimpanzés parecem depender da emulação e de uma aprendizagem por tentativa/erro para adquirir comportamentos de uso e manufatura de ferramentas. Em chimpanzés existe uma fase crítica de aprendizagem (período infantojuvenil) e os indivíduos tendem a ser conservadores uma vez passada essa fase, e raramente adquirem novos comportamentos tecnológicos. Em humanos, muito pouco é conhecido sobre: 1) A facilidade de aquisição de novos comportamentos tecnológicos em adultos; 2) As variáveis que influenciam a aprendizagem social durante a aquisição de um novo comportamento tecnológico em indivíduos no período infantojuvenil. O presente estudo trata-se de uma abordagem experimental com o objetivo de testar indivíduos humanos expostos a uma nova tarefa tecnológica, considerada simples e rudimentar (“nut cracking”), para a qual existem dados análogos relativamente aos chimpanzés de África Ocidental.O presente trabalho consiste em dois estudos experimentais, ambos incidindo sobre os estágios iniciais da aprendizagem do uso de ferramentas: Estudo 1) Testa a eficiência em adultos ocidentais (com idades entre os 19 e 30 anos) numa nova tarefa “nut cracking”; Estudo 2) Testa a eficiência na mesma tarefa em pares de crianças de um contexto cultural diferente (África Oriental) em idade escolar (entre os 4 e 15 anos), perante diferentes condições experimentais: 1) sem modelo humano; 2) com um vídeo modelo de 15 segundos em que chimpanzés executam “nut cracking”; 3) com um modelo humano a realizar “nut-cracking” antes do teste.Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que a escolha de ferramentas para a execução da tarefa é baseada nas suas características morfológicas. Estes resultados têm paralelo com estudos em chimpanzés. O estudo também indica diferenças importantes no desempenho de “nut cracking” entre primatas humanos e não-humanos. À semelhança do que a literatura nos mostra sobre diferenças entre sexos no desempenho desta tarefa em chimpanzés (em que as fêmeas são mais eficientes do que os machos), a análise dos dados dos dois estudos experimentais em primatas humanos demonstram que o sexo dos indivíduos também tem preponderância no desempenho da tarefa, contudo, os resultados indicam que indivíduos do sexo masculino são mais eficientes do que os indivíduos do sexo feminino, necessitando de menos tentativas para serem bem-sucedidos. Os resultados mostram ainda que, ao executar uma nova tarefa, os primatas humanos tendem a adquirir e aprender a melhorar as suas capacidades significativamente mais rápido que os primatas não-humanos. Todavia, comparando com o que a literatura nos indica sobre a proficiência de primatas não-humanos em “nut cracking”, neste estudo os indivíduos humanos necessitaram de, em média, significativamente mais tentativas para abrir uma noz. Em relação ao Estudo 2, os resultados mostram que a idade dos indivíduos parece ter um papel preponderante na capacidade de execução da tarefa: indivíduos mais jovens têm mais dificuldades para desempenhar a tarefa que indivíduos mais velhos. Relativamente aos padrões comportamentais demostrados pelos indivíduos, o estudo mostra que existe uma tendência para “over-imitation” por parte de indivíduos mais velhos. Por outro lado, indivíduos mais jovens tendem a observar os seus pares com mais frequência. Assim, o Estudo 2 parece indicar que a transmissão de novos comportamentos via horizontal poderá ser um importante mecanismo para a aprendizagem social.Este estudo também corrobora que a aquisição de novas capacidades, tais como em tarefas percussivas, pode compartilhar paralelos com as espécies do género Pan, não sendo necessários mecanismos complexos para a transmissão cultural
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Matthies, Frederick T., and Elizabeth A. Emerson. "An investigation of the alcohol and drug use behavioral patterns and the perceptions toward the Navy Alcohol and Drug Safety Action Program of non-rated Navy personnel onboard the USS Independence." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22317.
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