Academic literature on the topic 'Non-print materials'
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Journal articles on the topic "Non-print materials"
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Rodriguez, Ketty. "Collection patterns of selected disciplines of Latin American print and non‐print materials." Collection Building 17, no. 3 (September 1998): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01604959810227268.
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Coult, Graham. "New Bill to extend Legal Deposit to Non-Print Materials." Legal Information Management 3, no. 1 (2003): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001626.
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A campaign to bring the law up-to-date with the current world of publishing has been led by the British Library, on behalf of all the legal deposit libraries and the publisher trade bodies. If the move is successful, new generic legislation will ensure that non-print formats are included within legal deposit – allowing UK businesses and education to benefit from access to the widest possible collections of research material, now and in the future.
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Zhou, Hai Hua, and Yan Lin Song. "Green Plate Making Technology Based on Nano-Materials." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.447.
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Laser phototypesetting and computer to plate (CTP) technologies are widely used in print industry. These technologies are based on the complex photosensitive image process. The exposing and development processes result in waste of photosensitive materials and environment pollution. Green plate making technology is not based on photosensitive materials but nano-materials. The image process of the technology is to jet the nano-composite transfer printing material on super hydrophilic print plate with special nano and micro-structure. Then the oleophilic image area and hydrophilic non image area are formed by adjusting interface characters between the nano-composite transfer printing material and super hydrophilic print plate. The plate is used for printing without exposing and development. Without photosensitive image process, the technology has many advantages such as no operation in darkroom, simple process, environmental friendly and low cost. The key problems of print resolution and press life have been solved effectively by preparation of nano composite transfer printing material and super hydrophilic print plate. In this paper, the research process of the nano composite material and the print plate are presented.
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Shivakumaraswmay, K. N., and Khaiser Nikam. "Acquisition of Library Print and Non-Print Materials in Mysore Region Engineering College Libraries: A Study." Pearl : A Journal of Library and Information Science 10, no. 1 (2016): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-6922.2016.00007.3.
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Tsegba, Jacob F., Amaoge D. Agbo, and Felicia Angereke. "Deterioration of non-print materials in university libraries: the case of North Central." Information Impact: Journal of Information and Knowledge Management 9, no. 1 (August 7, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/iijikm.v9i1.2.
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Flaherty, Mary Grace, and Samantha Jan Kaplan. "Health information: print materials assessment in public libraries." Reference Services Review 44, no. 2 (June 13, 2016): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rsr-02-2016-0010.
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Purpose The purpose this study was to determine currency of print health materials readily available in North Carolina public libraries, through a statewide assessment. Two subject areas were examined: health reference and diabetes. Design/methodology/approach In total, 30 randomly selected public libraries were visited and unobtrusive stacks assessments were completed. Some months later, the libraries’ websites were examined for collection development policies, and online catalogs were searched using the keyword diabetes to identify possible discrepancies and additions. Findings For visits, publication dates for reference books ranged from 1899-2014 and the average number of holdings was 10 (range 0-30). The most common reference item, the AMA Family Medical Guide (2005), was available in 6 of 30 libraries. In diabetes collections, publication dates ranged from 1983-2013; the average number of books was nine (range 0-26). The Atkins Diabetes Revolution (2004) was the most common, available in 9 of 30 libraries. Two-thirds of libraries did not have a collection development policy online. Catalog searches revealed 10 titles prior to 1983 and 18 titles (non-cook books) from 2014-2016. Practical implications The study found overall that print health reference books were outdated. In diabetes collections, there were also many outdated items. It appears that regular weeding to assure currency of print health literature is not taking place. Originality/value The study demonstrates that public libraries may not be providing optimal print health information. With unprecedented access, it is imperative that librarians in all types of settings aid in health literacy promotion by assuring access to reliable and timely health information.
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Creagh, Linda T., and Marlene McDonald. "Design and Performance of Inkjet Print Heads for Non-Graphic-Arts Applications." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 11 (November 2003): 807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.229.
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AbstractInkjet print heads have become the dominant printing element for home and office printers; they have been a key driver forthe digitization of wide-format graphic arts printing and other printing areas as diverse as addressing and carton coding. In the past few years, inkjet print heads have begun to have an impact in areas outside the graphics arts. In these applications, the inkjet print head may be considered a manufacturing tool; this implies that it will differ in design depending on the application. Also, standards forreliability, consistency, and dependability will differ from those in graphic arts areas. Even though non-graphic-arts applications differ widely in their details, there are general considerations in terms of the systems that are required. Each nontraditional application has specific goals for manufacturing, and a unique inkjet print head designed to meet these goals may be required. This article focuses on a specific piezo-based inkjet print head that has been engineered to meet the manufacturing requirements for flat-panel displays basedon light-emitting polymeric materials.
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Weber, Mary Beth. "Editorial: Creating the Future, Preserving the Past." Library Resources & Technical Services 62, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.62n1.2.
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The responsibilities of my position as head of Central Technical Services for Rutgers University Libraries include oversight for acquisitions, cataloging, and the creation of non-MARC metadata for digital projects. Like many libraries, my institution has experienced budget cuts that have reduced the number of print materials that can be acquired and made accessible to our user community. Although a great deal of information is now provided electronically, we continue to acquire print resources for many reasons. For example, science selectors have argued that chemical equations and other figures are easier to read in print and do not display well in e-books. Other disciplines, such as art history, are better served by print. Smaller presses might not be able to afford to publish electronically and only provide print titles.
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RADIĆ SELEŠ, VALENTINA, IRENA BATES, IVANA PLAZONIĆ, MAJA RUDOLF, and IGOR ZJAKIĆ. "CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL PRINT STABILITY OF SUBSTRATES CONTAINING ALTERNATIVE NON-WOOD FIBRES." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 3-4 (May 5, 2022): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.34.
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The aim of this research has been to demonstrate the use and applicability of substrates containing non-wood fibres in the printing industry, with an emphasis on flexographic printing for packaging. To obtain such substrates, laboratory papers were produced with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres (wheat, barley and triticale), in combination with recycled wood pulp. These substrates were tested for chemical and mechanical resistance after flexographic printing with conventional and ultraviolet curing inks. The results showed that all laboratory papers with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres, printed with water-based inks, had fairly good chemical and mechanical resistance, except for the prints treated with sodium hydroxide. Thus, such papers should not be used as packaging materials for alkaline products. UV-curable inks on these substrates showed low chemical resistance, thus should only be used on substrates intended for secondary packaging. The mechanical resistance of UV prints was very good, thus papers containing straw pulp could be used for various applications.
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Thorman, Sofia, Göran Ström, and Patrick A. C. Gane. "Impact of non-uniform water absorption on water-interference print mottle in offset printing." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 33, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2018-3011.
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Abstract Print mottle is a serious and yet common print defect in offset printing. An imbalance between the feed of fountain solution and the ability of the paper substrate to absorb and transport this water away from the surface can cause moisture/water interference problems. In the study presented here, we have investigated the uniformity of aqueous absorption and coating structure of pilot-coated papers with different types and dosages of dispersants and linked this to print mottle and uncovered areas (UCA). In earlier studies, the print quality of these papers indicated that a moderate addition of excess dispersant caused ink refusal, ink-lift-off (ink-surface adhesion failure) and water-interference mottle when printing at elevated fountain feed. In the present study, we have shown that a majority of the samples with uneven water/moisture absorption and an uneven burn-out reflectance tended to have more severe printing problems related to surface-moisture/water.An aqueous staining technique was used to characterise the absorption non-uniformities. This method has been developed previously with focus on absorption of flexographic water-based inks but can clearly give relevant information also for offset printing, when it comes to moisture/water interference mottle.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-print materials"
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Buchholz, James L. "Implementing and Evaluating A Bibliographic Retrieval System for Print and Non-Print Media Materials." NSUWorks, 1987. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/434.
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A fast growing south Florida school district struggled with providing needed central cataloging and processing services to its 103 school centers for library books and non-print media materials. Previous methods employed involved the manual typing of spine labels, book/material check out cards and pockets, and either the original production of catalog cards, the duplication of cards held in the master file or the ordering of available cards from the Library of Congress by U.S. Mail. Prior analysis by the researcher indicated that a computer-based bibliographic retrieval system, properly configured to meet district and school specifications, might be implemented to eliminate the mail ordering of card sets from the Library of Congress and serve to simplify and expedite the "in-house" production of cards and processing of materials not cataloged by the Library of Congress. It was assumed by the researcher that the providing of district-wide cataloging services and full "shelf-ready" processing of media materials to 103 school centers was a significant study worthy of review and relevant to existing problems in the information science field.
A comprehensive search of professional literature was conducted to obtain more information about currently used bibliographic retrieval systems - their merits and disadvantages. Media supervisors in selected colleges and other Florida school districts were queried for their input about research conducted and solutions they employed relative to the selection phase of the study. Based on the information gathering process, possible retrieval systems and/or ancillary products capable of solving the institutional problem were identified. Selected vendors were contacted for specific information about their individual products that was further analyzed for possible acquisition. Based on information received from all sources, the Biblio-File system was found to be the most cost-effective solution, and the one most capable of enhancing cataloging and processing operations. Its purchase was recommended to, and approved by, higher level district administrative personnel.
Once the system was received, it had to configure to insure that produced materials were consistent with both existing institutional guidelines and the MARC, AACR II and ISBD formats. During this phase, existing personnel were trained to use the system and queried for input relative to its implementation. Care was taken during this phase to insure that existing cataloging and processing standards, etc. we’re not sacrificed by an inadvertent enthusiasm to effect positive implementation of the system. By the same token, safeguards were taken to insure that dislike of change, particularly, automated change, on the part of existing personnel, and did not adversely affect the implementation of the system. During the configuration and limited implementation stages, which lasted two months, many procedural changes were identified that would enhance the full implementation of the system. Configuration adjustments were made throughout the configuration and limited implementation stages until system produced materials were of the desired quality and format.
Once the system was up and running and producing materials at a high level of staff satisfaction, system utilization moved into the full implementation stage. During this six month phase the system was used to produce processing materials for all books and audio visual materials cataloged by the Library of Congress. Additionally, the system was used for the in-house production of processing materials for books and audio visual materials for which there was no cataloging data either in the system database or in the district master file. During this phase, many procedural changes were identified and implemented, resulting in the writing of revised procedures for the Processing Section. Significant hardware changes were effected during this phase to enhance the production capabilities. Following the full implementation phase, it became necessary to evaluate the system for effect. In the researcher's opinion, system evaluation had to be based on both a survey of school media specialists relative to their needs and expectations and an in-house time-cost study effected at the institutional level to determine relative costs or savings of the new system as opposed to the preexisting procedures. In that regard, an evaluative instrument was constructed and distributed to district media personnel that facilitated the gathering of data about the effectiveness of the newly operational system from their point of view. Also, a time-cost study comparing the production of processing materials, under the old set of procedures and with the new system, was conducted by gathering direct time measurement data of the cataloging and processing functions. Results from both analyses strongly indicated that system production was viewed favorably from both the standpoint of district school media specialists and administratively from a cost-effectiveness point of view. Several recommendations from both staff and media specialists were analyzed and incorporated into the system production capability. Additionally, the researcher has considered several future measures that would facilitate the storage of cataloging data into a proposed district union catalog. The researcher was able to supervise the selection, installation, configuration, implementation and evaluation of the Biblio-File system.
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Živko, Pavlović. "Karakterizacija površinske strukture neštampajućih elemenata CtP termalne štamparske forme za ofset štampu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20120519PAVLOVIC.
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Disertacija daje pregled novih i relevantnih istraživanja i stavovau naučnoj zajednici na temu štamparskih formi i uticaja procesaštampe na trošenje neštampajućih elemenata. U disertaciji jeukazano na kontinualno praćenje topografskih promenaneštampajućih elemenata štamparskih formi kako bi se kontrolisaoperiod eksploatacije a time i proces reprodukcije. Takođe dajeprilog novim istraživanjima sa analizom velikog brojaeksperimentalnih uzoraka sa dobijenim izmerenim podacima iodgovarajućim korelacijama i predstavlja napredak u shvatanjumehanizma trošenja neštampajućih površina štamparskih formi injihov uticaj na tribološke promene u odnosu na strukturu osnovealuminijuma i sloja aluminijum oksida.Dissertation gives an overview of the current state, research and theories ofprinting forms and influence of printing process on wearing of non-printingelements within the science community. The dissertation points out the continuousmonitoring of topographic changes of printing form non-printing elements to controlthe exploitation of a period of time and the process of reproduction. This workcontributes to new research with the analysis of large number of experimentalsamples and calculated correlations and represents an advance in thecomprehension of the surface wear mechanism of printing form non-printingelements and their influence on the tribological changes to the structure of thebase layer of aluminium and aluminium oxide.
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Unger, Benedikt. "Datenstandards und Datentransferstandards im digitalen Musikvertrieb : eine Untersuchung digitaler Standards im digitalen Musikvertrieb aus techniksoziologischer Perspektive." Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/9922/1/unger_musik_datenstandards.pdf.
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The music industry has experienced a major slump in sales of physical sound storage media such as the compact disc. Contrary to this, revenues gained in the online music sector doubled in 2006. In this growing industry digital standard formats and standard workflows in the electronic music distribution process could help companies to lower their costs and work more efficiently. This thesis provides a rough overview of the digital music distribution industry with a special focus on the business-to-business relationship between music aggregators and music download platforms. It aims to clarify whether standards regarding workflow, music data and music metadata exist.
First, a review of literature is undertaken in order to gain knowledge about the social construction theory and actor network theory as well as facts and figures about the current digital music industry. Then five qualitative interviews are conducted with expert representatives of music aggregators and online music distributors. The interviews aim at identifying constraining closure mechanisms and uncovering details about the actors´ attitudes towards standardisation of workflows and data.
The main outcome of the thesis is that there is a need for standardisation of music metadata, data processing and sales reporting procedures. The findings suggest that the most powerful actors in the music business, represented by the IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry), need to agree on international standards for the issues mentioned above. The findings also provide a list of starting points for further research and discussion about improvements in the digital music sector.
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Maertl, Teresa. "Social Software und Mehrsprachigkeit: Evaluierung der Nutzung von Social Tagging- Systemen am Beispiel von Flickr." Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/12865/1/Magisterarbeit_elis.pdf.
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This M.A. thesis evaluates and analyses the use of social tagging systems taking Flickr as an example. Hereby the focus lies on multilingualism and the resulting problems for
searching images. First, an introduction in social tagging as well as and an overview on current studies on social tagging are given. Furthermore, Flickr and its system properties
are presented as well as relevant studies on Flickr. For analyzing multilingualism on Flickr a user test was conducted. The results are presented and analyzed with focus on multilingualism.
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Flórez, Mazo Carlos Esteban. "Buenas prácticas editoriales de revistas de Ciencias Sociales de acceso abierto en América Latina." Thesis, 2017. http://eprints.rclis.org/32667/1/Buenas%20pr%C3%A1cticas%20editoriales%20de%20revistas...%20Monograf%C3%ADa.pdf.
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More than three centuries after the creation of the first scientific journal this type of publications are the means par excellence to spread and disseminate avant-garde knowledge, allowing the propagation of the theoretical and empirical advances of science. With the emergence of the Internet, journals have found in the open access movement a paradigm that since the 1990s has significantly altered scientific communication, allowing a worldwide and simultaneous reach for all types of audiences. Curiously, Latin America is the region with the greatest growth in open access, therefore, delineating good editorial practices in the context of the twenty-first century is fundamental for the social, cultural and scientific advance, and so that the editors of the region manage better journals and increase the quality and impact of these.
Based on a comparative study of ten journals included in the Scopus, Web of Science, DOAJ, SciELO, Redalyc, Latindex, Biblat, and Redib databases, the criteria and policies that can guarantee optimal editorial management facing the international positioning of Social Sciences journals in open access in Latin America are delineated, and compliance with these criteria is verified in each of the selected journals.
After analyzing the data, it is concluded that open access is a fundamental component of this type of publications in the region and that their editorial process do not deviate from international standards, despite the low professionalization and specialized training of directors and editors, hence, their visibility and impact depend on additional variables that do not categorically determine the scientific quality of the journals. With this in mind, a guide of good editorial practices for Social Sciences journals in open access in Latin America is proposed, so that both publishers and publishing institutions can comprehensively and appropriately address the editorial processes, in an effort to contribute to the quality of the journals in the region.
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Vercelli, Ariel. "Repensando los bienes intelectuales comunes: Análisis socio-técnico sobre el proceso de co-construcción entre las regulaciones de derecho de autor y derecho de copia y las tecnologías digitales para su gestión." Thesis, 2009. http://eprints.rclis.org/13090/1/arielvercellitesis.pdf.
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‘Rethinking intellectual commons’ analyzes, from a socio-technical view, the legal-political tensions that arise between the appropriation and release of intellectual goods and works in the digital age. This thesis describes the processes of co-construction between regulations on authorial and copy rights and digital technologies oriented to manage these rights. For this purpose, three cases which evince the conflict between the appropiation and the release of intellectual goods, and show the processes of co-construction, are analyzed. The first case of analysis is an anti-copying artifact designed by the trading corporation Sony-BMG Music Entertainment. The second one is the open licensing system of selective reservation of authorial and copy rights of Creative Commons Corporation. The third one is the management system of intellectual works in the virtual world called Second Life. The new regulative forms linked to the design of technologies define the political, cultural, social and economical future of our societies. This thesis aims at encouraging and strengthening these legal-political and technological discussions on the regional and global scale.
Books on the topic "Non-print materials"
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Bide, Mark. Digital preservation: Standards issues surrounding the deposit of non-print publications. London: Book Industry Communication, 2001.
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Hoare, Peter. Legal deposit of non-print material: An international overview, September-October 1995. Boston Spa: British Library Research and Development Department, 1996.
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Bide, Mark. Digital preservation: An introduction to the standards issues surrounding the deposit of non-print publications. [London]: Library and Information Commission, 1999.
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Bide, Mark. Digital preservation: An introduction to the standards issues surrounding the deposit of non-print publications : a study conducted by Book Industry Communication on behalf of the British National Bibliography Research Fund. [London: Library and Information Commission], 1999.
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Service, West Sussex (England) School Library. Resources catalogue: non-print material for loan to schools in West Sussex. (Chichester): West Sussex County Council, 1990.
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Dickens, Charles. A Christmas carol: In large print. New York: Quiet River Press, 2004.
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Mills, Joyce White. The Black World in Literature for Children: A Bibliography of Print and Non-Print Materials. Atlanta Univ, 1985.
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Missing the Meaning: The Development and Use of Print and Non-Print Text Materials in Diverse School Settings. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
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(Editor), Alan Peacock, and Ailie Cleghorn (Editor), eds. Missing the Meaning: The Development and Use of Print and Non-Print Text Materials in Diverse School Settings. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
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Cleghorn, Ailie, and Alan Peacock. Missing the Meaning: The Development and Use of Print and Non-Print Text Materials in Diverse School Settings. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Non-print materials"
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Izdebska-Podsiadły, Joanna. "Application of Plasma in Printed Surfaces and Print Quality." In Non-Thermal Plasma Technology for Polymeric Materials, 159–91. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813152-7.00006-8.
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Karapapa, Stavroula. "Speech Entitlements." In Defences to Copyright Infringement, 165–203. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795636.003.0006.
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A number of copyright exceptions and limitations aim to promote the production of new copyright works and new authorship, and the protection of the public interest in gaining access to information and knowledge embodied in copyright-protected works. Most of these exceptions are premised on a fundamental human rights justification, such as freedom of speech or freedom of the press, or the right to access protected works without discrimination on grounds of disability. These include, for instance, reproduction by the press for the reporting of current events, quotations for criticism or review, and uses for the purpose of caricature, parody, or pastiche. They also include exceptions and limitations available to persons who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print-disabled. Although these exceptions and limitations are express manifestations of fundamental human rights, their scope remains relatively narrow and their legal nature and status against contractual overridability is not settled. Indeed, the permissibility of the relevant activities is subject to a number of internal limitations that may not work well in light of modern uses of materials in the online context. These include purpose limitations, such as the requirement that some uses ought to be non-commercial, scope limits (e.g. the doctrinal requirement that parodies have to be an expression of humour and mockery to be lawful), or restrictive principles that are inherent within copyright, like attribution to the source of the original work.
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Borchers, Andrew S. "Intrinsic and Contextual Data Quality." In ERP & Data Warehousing in Organizations, 159–68. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-749-0.ch010.
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This chapter introduces the concepts of intrinsic and contextual data quality and presents research results on how individual perceptions of data quality are impacted by media (World Wide Web versus print) and personal involvement with the topic. The author advances four hypotheses, which are tested with a randomized experiment (n=127), dealing with information on cancer. First, subjects perceive reputable information sources as having higher data quality than non-reputable sources. Second, subjects perceive web-based material to be more timely, but less believable and of lower reputation, accuracy and objectivity than printed material. Third, individuals with greater personal involvement will be better discriminators of data quality in viewing reputable and non-reputable cancer information. Fourth, women are better discriminators of data quality in viewing reputable and non-reputable information than men. The first hypothesis was supported and limited support was provided for the second hypothesis.
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Fischer, Lauren, and Paul Frank. "References." In AMA Manual of Style, 59–112. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0003.
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The References chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style contains detailed guidance on what should be included in a reference and how references should be styled and formatted. Sample references to both books and journals, in print and online, include formats for sometimes complex citations that include non-English words and phrases, names of organisms, discontinuous pagination, journals without volume or issue numbers, a special department of a journal, discussants, online comments, special collections, package inserts, patents, conference proceedings, personal communications, material submitted but not yet accepted or published, and transcripts. Many examples of how to cite social media and other electronic resources, including podcasts, apps and interactive games, preprints, databases, and data repositories, are included. New recommendations: a DOI should be included for journal references if available, and it is no longer necessary to include the publisher’s location in references to books.
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Behrendt, Stephen C. "Peterloo, Ambivalence and Commemorative Culture." In Commemorating Peterloo, 31–56. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474428569.003.0002.
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This chapter demonstrates that material culture responses to Peterloo (prints, textiles, ceramics, metalwork) were far more ambivalent about the consequences for civil and institutional reform than were most conventional print responses, which often advocated violent retaliation. Close examination of several examples reveals deep pessimism about the relative ineffectiveness of individual or even collective action and resistance to the superior and often deadly forces of physical, social, legal and institutional oppression wielded against even peaceful reformers. Caricature prints by Marks, Cruikshank and others, like other commemorative objects produced after Peterloo, emphasize the grotesquely disproportionate violence inflicted on orderly reformist citizens and leaders. These artifacts collectively imply that present active resistance, whether militant or non-violent, is largely futile and that the only genuinely tenable option lies in resigned but hopeful optimism about the prospect of a more enlightened future redress of social and political oppression.
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Murnane, Richard J. "Comparisons of Private and Public Schools: What Can We Learn?" In Private Education. Oxford University Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195037104.003.0014.
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The previous chapter argues that comparisons of the performance of public and private schools can be misleading. This chapter examines in detail recent research providing such comparisons with the goal of clarifying what lessons can be drawn. The chapter also explains why the recent comparisons have puzzled, and in some cases infuriated, many public school educators. I begin by providing background on the best known of the recent studies. On April 7, 1981, at a conference attended by more than four hundred educators and the press, James Coleman announced the findings of research that he had conducted with Thomas Hoffer and Sally Kilgore on public and private high schools in the United States. Their principal finding was that Catholic schools and non-Catholic private schools are more effective in helping students to acquire cognitive skills than public schools are. Coming at a time of widespread criticism of public education and presidential support for tuition tax credits for families that use private schools, this finding was widely reported in the press and evoked a range of spirited reactions. Critics and supporters responded to Coleman, Hoffer, and Kilgore’s (henceforth CHK) work with articles and editorials with lively titles such as: “Coleman Goes Private (in Public),” “Lessons for the Public Schools,” “Coleman’s Bad Report,” and “Private Schools Win a Public Vote.” Over the succeeding months CHK’s work remained visible as critiques of their research and reanalyses of the data they used appeared in a variety of journals, in some cases accompanied by lengthy responses by CHK. Another wave of interest was sparked by the publication and subsequent reviews of CHK’s High School Achievement: Public, Catholic, and Private Schools Compared, in which they presented their final research findings. As a result of the wide range of responses to CHK’s work and the numerous symposia in which CHK have debated their critics in print, there is now ample material available to any reader interested in forming a judgment about the quality of the research that produced their main conclusion.
Conference papers on the topic "Non-print materials"
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Ružičić, Branka, Dragana Grujić, Blanka Škipina, Mladen Stančić, Đorđe Vujčić, and Miroslav Dragić. "Enhancement of macro-uniformity of copper(I) oxide printed linen fabrics by addition of Pinus sylvestris L. plant extract." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p83.
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High surface texture of textile materials is rougher than other printing substrates which can cause excessive macro non-uniformity. Adding metal oxides into the ink to enhance material properties usually add to surface roughness and increase print mottle. In this paper copper(I)oxide particles and different amounts of Pinus sylvestris L. plant extract were added to modified alginate paste (CHT-NV) prior to printing. The aim of this paper is to inspect the influence of added metal oxide and plant extract on the print quality of linen based material via surface macro non-uniformity GLCM determination method. In the pattern recognition phase, the co-occurrence matrix is applied to calculate the texture characteristics, such as contrast, correlation, energy, entropy and homogeneity. The research results indicated that the metal oxide particles have had a negative influence on macro uniformity of printed linen. Increasing of the concentration of extract leads to a dilution of the printing paste, and thus to a greater penetration of copper ions between the threads of the fabric, as well as into the yarn itself.
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Ding, Houzhu, and Robert C. Chang. "Bioprinting of Liquid Hydrogel Precursors in a Support Bath by Analyzing Two Key Features: Cell Distribution and Shape Fidelity." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6675.
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Microextrusion-based bioprinting within a support bath material is an emerging additive manufacturing technique for fabricating complex three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs. However, there exists fundamental knowledge gaps in understanding the spatiotemporal mapping of cells within the bioprinted constructs and their shape fidelity when embedded in a support bath material. To address these questions, this paper advances quantitative analyses to systematically determine the spatial distribution for cell-laden filament-based tissue constructs as a function of the bio-ink properties. Also, optimal bio-ink formulations are investigated to fabricate complex 3D structures with superior shape integrity. Specifically, for a 1D filament printed in a support bath, cells suspended in low viscosity liquid hydrogel precursors are found to exhibit a characteristic non-uniform distribution as measured by a degree of separation (Ds) metric. In a 2D square wave pattern print, cells are observed to flow and aggregate downstream at certain positions along the in-plane print direction. In a 3D analysis, owing to the high cell density and gravity effects, a non-uniform cell distribution within a printed cylindrical structure is observed in the build direction. From the structural standpoint, the addition of CaCl2 to the support bath activates the hydrogel cross-linking process during printing, resulting in 3D prints with enhanced structural outcomes. This multidimensional print analysis provides evidence that, under the emerging bioprinting support bath paradigm, the printable parameter space can be extended to low viscosity liquid hydrogel precursor materials that can be systematically characterized and optimized for key process performance outcomes in cell distribution and shape fidelity.
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Trindade, Elizabeth Cristine Adam, Camille Ruest, Jean-Sébastien Deschênes, and Jean Brousseau. "Food Contact Materials: An Analysis of Water Absorption in Nylon 12 3D Printed Parts Using SLS After VaporFuse Surface Treatment." In 2022 International Additive Manufacturing Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iam2022-93944.
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Abstract Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a typical method of 3D printing in an industrial environment. It is often used to print different materials, such as metals, ceramics, and plastics. Nylon 12 is the most common plastic and material processed by SLS technology. In the present paper, the water absorption and wettability of Nylon 12 in additive manufacturing (AM) products are explored. The research for obtaining inert, non-absorbent and non-corrosive surfaces, and globally more effective materials to reduce the proliferation of microorganisms is becoming a necessity for the development of novel food contact materials. Surface treatments aim at improving the porosity and general roughness of the material and are expected to improve its hydrophobicity. The wetting state between Nylon 12 and water was studied by measuring the contact angles as primary data. The measurement of absorbed water (ASTM 570) is thus used as an indicator of material quality to prevent bacterial growth and degradation of the material mechanical properties. Therefore, water absorption tests were performed with SLS printed plates with and without surface treatment. Plates with surface treatment showed a mass increase of 0.35 ± 0.04% while those without surface treatment showed a mass increase of 0.76 ± 0.08%.
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Krishnanand and Mohammad Taufik. "Development of a Pellet and Filament Form Integrated Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing Co-Extruder." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71044.
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Abstract There are two methods to 3D print a part using extrusion-based additive manufacturing technology namely filament-based and pellets/granules-based. Filament-based extrusion needed a wire form material called a filament, which is pushed by a motor and gear mechanism, into a heating zone. In the heating zone, it converts in semi-solid form and is extruded out of the nozzle to deposit in a layer-over-layer manner. This extrusion strategy needed a non-flexible filament, so it limits the variety of materials. Converting material into wire form also increases the cost of 3D printing. Pellet-based extrusion accepts the material in granules form. It is fed into the heating zone using an extrusion screw. This technology can accept a wide range of materials and eliminate the cost of producing filament. But pellet-based technology is still not being used on 3D printers, on the other hand, filament-based technology in the form of 3D printers is very popular in the market. So, in this study development of noble pellet and filament form integrated multi-material additive manufacturing co-extruder has been presented. The developed co-extruder is capable to accept material in filament form as well as pellet/granules form. This will help to 3D print a particular part with several materials. This hybrid form of the extruder is accommodating the features of both types of extrusion-based additive manufacturing. As per need, one can easily shift from filament extrusion to pellet/granules extrusion using this co-extruder.
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Citek, David, Stanislav Rehacek, and Daniel Dobias. "EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON 3D PRINTED CONSTRUCTION FROM CEMENT BASED COMPOSITES." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/6.1/s27.30.
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The research, which is carried out in cooperation with the Technical University of Liberec, the Klokner Institute of the Czech Technical University in Prague and the company Cervenka Consulting s.r.o., deals with the use of 3D printing of cement composites in architecture and construction. The research develops original equipment for 3D printing of mixtures with cement-based binders, including the original design of printing mixtures and original software for printing data processing and machine control. The ambition of the project is to develop equipment that can be used for in-situ printing of building elements and to develop such procedures that would enable the implementation of a printed multi-storey building. The print is focused on vertical and horizontal load-bearing structures. The vertical structures will be printed in the final position, the horizontal structures will be printed on the construction site in the form of prefabricated parts, retrofitted by a crane on the pre-printed walls of the building. The shape and static solution of vertical and horizontal elements of the supporting structure is optimized for 3D printing technology with a focus on minimizing material consumption in accordance with current requirements for sustainable construction, saving non-renewable raw materials and energy savings. This leads to the use of thinwalled constructions with a print width of 20 to 50 mm. At the same time, design procedures for these types of structures and implementation of 3D printed elements into non-linear Atena software, designed for advanced modeling of concrete structures and developed by Cervenka Consulting s.r.o. At present, a Test-Bed is in operation, intended for testing the print head and development of printing mixtures, with a printing space of 3 x 1 x 1 m. Stability and other properties and optimization of design procedures so that in the future they allow safe verification of designed structures in terms of their static function. Part of the research is the study of printing logistics on site and a comprehensive design of the entire system from the mixture to the printed structure.
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Vijay, Yadunund, Naresh D. Sanandiya, Stylianos Dritsas, and Javier G. Fernandez. "Control of Process Settings for Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing With Sustainable Natural Composites." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85994.
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We present an additive manufacturing system for 3D printing large-scale objects using natural bio-composite materials. The process, affine to the Direct Ink Writing method, achieves build rate of 2.5cm3/s using a precision dispensing unit mounted on an industrial six-axis robot. During deposition the composite is wet and exhibits thixotropy. As it loses moisture it hardens and shrinks anisotropically. This paper highlights work on controlling the process settings to print filaments of desired dimensions while constraining the operating point to a region where tensile strength is maximum while shrinkage is minimum. Response surface models relating the controllable process settings such as Robot Linear Velocity, Material Feed Rate and Nozzle Offset, to the geometric and physical properties of an extruded filament, are obtained through Face-centered Central Composite Designed experiments. Unlike traditional applications of this technique which involve identifying a fixed optimal operating point, we use these models to first uncover the possible dimensions of a filament that can be obtained within operating boundaries of our system. Process setting predictions are then made through multi-objective optimization of the mathematical models. An interesting outcome of our study is the ability to produce filaments of different shrinkage and tensile strength properties, by solely changing process settings. As a follow up, we identify the optimal lateral overlap and inter-layer spacing parameters to define toolpaths to print 3D structures. If unoptimized, the material’s anisotropic shrinkage and non-linear compression characteristics cause severe delamination, cross-sectional tapering and warpage. Lastly, we show the linear scalability of our shrinkage model in 3D space which allows us to suitably compensate toolpaths to significantly improve dimensional accuracy of 3D printed artifacts.
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Weese, Nathan A., Chantz M. Rankin, Daguan Zhao, Christoph Hart, Patrick Quinlan, James B. Day, and Roozbeh (Ross) Salary. "Experimental Optimization of Polymer Jetting Additive Manufacturing Process Using Taguchi Design." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24271.
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Abstract Polymer jet printing (PJP) is a direct-write additive manufacturing process, emerging as a rapid high-resolution method particularly in the medical field for the fabrication of a wide spectrum of products, e.g., anatomical models, tissue scaffolds, implants, and prosthetics. PJP allows for non-contact multi-material deposition of functional polymer inks. The PJP process centers on simultaneous deposition of build and support photopolymer materials on a free surface, which are immediately cured in situ using a UV light source, allowing for solid-freeform fabrication. The PJP process is inherently complex, governed by a multitude of parameters as well as material-machine-process interactions, which collectively affect the functional properties of a fabricated structure. Consequently, physics-based characterization and optimization of the PJP process would be inevitable. In this study, a new test standard was forwarded for the characterization of the mechanical properties of PJP-fabricated bone structures; the standard was designed on the basis of an X-ray p-CT scan of a femur bone in addition to the ASTM D638-14 standard. Furthermore, the Taguchi L8 orthogonal array design was utilized to investigate the effects of influential PJP process parameters on the mechanical properties of the bone structures, including Young’s modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, breaking strength, and ductility. The selected process parameters (each at two levels) were: (i) print direction, (ii) resolution factor, (iii) UV light intensity, and (iv) deposition head temperature. The mechanical properties of the femur bone structures were measured using a tensile testing machine. The UV light intensity appeared as the most significant factor, influencing all the aforementioned mechanical properties, while the resolution factor was identified as an inconsequential factor. In addition, it was observed that the print direction and the head temperature significantly affected the breaking strength and the ductility, respectively. Overall, the results of this study pave the way for further investigation of the effects of the PJP parameters toward optimal fabrication of complex bone tissue scaffolds and implants with long-lasting functional characteristics.
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Patterson, Albert E., Seymur Hasanov, and Bhaskar Vajipeyajula. "Influence of Matrix Material on Impact Properties of Chopped Carbon Fiber-Thermoplastic Composites Made Using FDM/FFF." In 2022 International Additive Manufacturing Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iam2022-88941.
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Abstract A major applications of thermoplastic additive manufacturing (typically completed using the fused deposition modeling or fused filament fabrication (FDM/FFF) process) is in the production of polymer matrix composites. Several different reinforcing materials have been proposed and studied, a common one of which is chopped carbon fibers (CCF). Most of the published research on the properties and effect of the CCF reinforcement has relied upon a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix, as it has a low and stable melting temperature, low cost, and mixes readily with particulate or chopped reinforcing materials. For commercially available CCF filament for FDM/FFF, the typical fiber content is around 15–25% by volume, with the remainder being the thermoplastic matrix. To better explore the influence of the matrix material on the properties of these materials, this study compares the IZOD impact properties of standard CCF PLA with CCF-reinforced materials using polyamide/nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) matrices. All cases were printed at full (100%) density. For each material, samples of 5 mm thickness were tested in the Type A (notch in tension) and Type E (notch in compression) configurations. Two print orientations (flat and horizontal) and two raster angles (0–90° and ±45°) were considered for each combination. As required by ASTM D256, the tests were replicated five times each. The results are compared with the major literature for CCF reinforced PLA, as well as benchmark tests using injection molded samples and non-CCF PLA, PA, PC, ABS, and PETG processed by FDM/FFF.
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Kulčar, Rahela, Marina Vukoje, Ivana Krajnović, and Mirela Rožić. "Influence of recycled fibres in paper on the UV stability of thermochromic prints." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p15.
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Recycled paper for environmentally conscious consumers can positively influence product selection. Thermochromic inks printed on such materials can give the product a special effect and increase its market competitiveness. During recycling, the paper is subjected to the action of various processes and chemicals, which later can have an impact on its stability, structural and optical properties. As is already known, the optical properties of paper affect the quality of the print. Thus, the goal of this study is to determine whether environmentally friendly substrates containing recycled fibres can be of the same quality as non-recycled substrates for the printing of thermochromic inks. For the research purposes, two commercially available thermochromic inks were printed on papers with a certain percentage of recycled fibres (33% and 100%). The results will show whether the percentage of fibres affects the colorimetic properties, dynamic characteristics of thermochromic inks and the UV stability during accelerated ageing of thermochromic prints.
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Ozcan, Arif, Emine Arman Kandirmaz, and Serdem Coskun. "Investigation of the effect of speed and pressure on conductivity in inkjet printed electronic devices." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p43.
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We can define printed electronics as the application of printing on a material by means of semiconductor, dielectric and electronic components. This process basically takes place by adding materials that will provide conductivity properties into the printing inks. In addition to printing with traditional printing systems, drop-on demand inkjet printing provides an important advantage in this field thanks to its non-contact and digital patterning capabilities. Therefore, the demand for inkjet printing printable inks based on high-performance electronics is also increasing to expand the scope of possible applications for printed electronics. In recent years, inkjet printing technology has become more and more popular due to its use in various applications such as photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes (LED), organic thin-thin transistors, displays, radio frequency identification devices (RFID), smart clothing and sensors. For these applications, the unique feature of inkjet printing technology is that it can print on a wide range of materials and is a digital, contactless and plateless system. We can count other advantages of this technology as low cost and savings from waste. These properties make the inkjet printing technique particularly suitable for printing conductive patterns on a variety of flexible substrates in the manufacture of electronic circuits or devices. The electrical conductivity on the printed material may vary depending on the substrate, printing speed and pressure. For this purpose, a specially prepared test scale with lines of different thicknesses was printed on the polyethylene film material with BENTSAI BT-HH6105B1 Portable Handheld Mobile inkjet printing machine. The effect of machine speed and pressure values on conductivity was observed in the prints made with silver-based conductive inks. As a result, it was concluded that the conductivity value increased as the printing pressure increased at constant speed, and on the other hand, the conductivity value increased as the printing speed decreased when the pressure was fixed.