Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-native species

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-native species'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-native species"

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Deil, Ulrich, Miguel Alvarez, and Inge Paulini. "Native and non-native species in annual grassland vegetation in Mediterranean Chile." Phytocoenologia 37, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2007): 769–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0340-269x/2007/0037-0769.

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2

Pearce, Fred. "Non-native species boost biodiversity." New Scientist 235, no. 3141 (September 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(17)31701-3.

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Sladonja, Barbara, Danijela Poljuha, Marin Krapac, Mirela Uzelac, and Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek. "Dittrichia viscosa: Native-Non Native Invader." Diversity 13, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13080380.

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Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter is a shrub native to the Mediterranean, however, declared as a very invasive species in Australia and North America. Environmental (climatic) and socio-economic (land abandonment) changes can trigger different adaptive mechanisms and cause changes in species behavior, influencing invasion dynamics. Motivated by the recently noticed change of D. viscosa behavior in its native Mediterranean habitat, we discuss the invasion properties, its behavior in the native habitat and new areas, and its management options. We review the species’ adverse effects and its positive ecosystem services in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework. In this review, we provide information on the phytochemical properties of D. viscosa and highlight its potential use in ecological agriculture, phytopharmacy, and medicine. The presented data is useful for developing effective management of this contentious species, with emphasis on mitigating environmental and economic damages, especially in agriculture. The final aim is to achieve a balanced ecosystem, providing a high level of possible services (provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting).
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Willmore, Christine. "Native good, non-native bad? Defining troublesome species." Environmental Law Review 17, no. 2 (June 2015): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452915575652.

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CHIBA, SATOSHI. "Invasive Non-Native Species’ Provision of Refugia for Endangered Native Species." Conservation Biology 24, no. 4 (February 22, 2010): 1141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01457.x.

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Potter, Daniel A., and Bernadette M. Mach. "Non-Native Non-Apis Bees Are More Abundant on Non-Native Versus Native Flowering Woody Landscape Plants." Insects 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13030238.

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Urban ecosystems can support diverse communities of wild native bees. Because bloom times are conserved by geographic origin, incorporating some non-invasive non-native plants in urban landscapes can extend the flowering season and help support bees and other pollinators during periods when floral resources from native plants are limiting. A caveat, though, is the possibility that non-native plants might disproportionately host non-native, potentially invasive bee species. We tested that hypothesis by identifying all non-native bees among 11,275 total bees previously collected from 45 species of flowering woody landscape plants across 213 urban sites. Honey bees, Apis mellifera L., accounted for 22% of the total bees and 88.6% of the non-native bees in the collections. Six other non-native bee species, accounting for 2.86% of the total, were found on 16 non-native and 11 native woody plant species. Non-Apis non-native bees in total, and Osmia taurus Smith and Megachile sculpturalis (Smith), the two most abundant species, were significantly more abundant on non-native versus native plants. Planting of favored non-native hosts could potentially facilitate establishment and spread of non-Apis non-native bees in urban areas. Our host records may be useful for tracking those bees’ distribution in their introduced geographical ranges.
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Roy, Helen E., Chris D. Preston, Colin A. Harrower, Stephanie L. Rorke, David Noble, Jack Sewell, Kevin Walker, et al. "GB Non-native Species Information Portal: documenting the arrival of non-native species in Britain." Biological Invasions 16, no. 12 (April 5, 2014): 2495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0687-0.

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Haffele, Ryan D., Michael W. Eichholz, and Cami S. Dixon. "Duck Productivity in Restored Species-Rich Native and Species-Poor Non-Native Plantings." PLoS ONE 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2013): e68603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068603.

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Hossain, Ishrak, and ABM Mohsin. "Native and non-native ornamental aquarium fishes of Bangladesh." IJOTA (Indonesian Journal of Tropical Aquatic) 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ijota.v4i1.14023.

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The study was conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was carried out for twelve (12) months from March 2018 to February 2019 to prepare a complete update checklist of native and non-native aquarium fishes of Bangladesh. During the current study, 270 varieties (230 freshwater, 36 marine, and 4 brackish water) belong to 149 species (109 freshwater 73 %, 36 marines 24 %, and 4 brackish water 3 %) of 38 families under 10 orders and 6 crossbreeds’ varieties were recorded. Considering the number of species maximum 83 (55.70 %) was found under the order Perciformes followed by Cypriniformes 24 (16.10 %), Characiformes 18 (12.08 %), Siluriformes 11 (7.38 %), Osteoglossiformes 05 (3.35 %), Atheriniformes 03 (2.01 %), Lepisosteiformes 02 (1.34 %), Polypteriformes 01 (0.6 %), Myliobatiformes 01 (0.67 %) and Cyprinodontiformes 01 (0.67 %). The top five popular species were guppy (13.16 %) followed by goldfish (12.39 %), molly (8.54 %), angelfish (6.23 %), platy (5.93 %). The number of fish species' increasing tendency was 5.96 times in the last 15 years, and 3.31 times in the last ten years. Local farms and aquarists breeders bred 76 varieties under 23 species due to its high demand and profitability. Pricing varied on varieties, species, size, and breeding status (local or abroad), availability, and ranged from BDT 40.00-80,000.00 per pair. According to the findings, aquarium fisheries are highly profitable and will be a potential sector in Bangladesh.
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Howell, Clayson, and Kate McAlpine. "Native plant species richness in non-native Pinus contorta forest." New Zealand Journal of Ecology 40, no. 1 (2016): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20417/nzjecol.40.15.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-native species"

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Anderson, Lucy Grace. "Managing aquatic non-native species : the role of biosecurity." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8679/.

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Across the globe, invasive non-native species (INNS) are a major ecological and economic problem with freshwater environments particularly susceptible to their impacts. Preventing their introduction and spread is considered the most environmentally desirable and cost-effective form of management by the Convention on Biological Diversity, and is advocated in new EU INNS legislation which comes into force in 2015. Biosecurity – a term describing actions taken to prevent the introduction and spread of unwanted organisms – is central to this preventative approach. This PhD combines ecological and social research to identify human-mediated pathways for the spread of INNS in freshwater environments; to examine the effectiveness of biosecurity measures; and to identify how biosecurity awareness and compliance could be improved. Initial questionnaire research revealed that recreational water users in the UK are potential vectors for INNS due to their movement patterns and low biosecurity compliance. A survival experiment showed that many aquatic INNS threatening the UK can survive in damp conditions for 16 days but demonstrated that hot water (45˚C, 15 mins) is an effective biosecurity control measure, causing 99% mortality in many high risk INNS within 1 hour. As a result of a long-term biosecurity campaign, New Zealand water users had high biosecurity awareness and compliance compared to the UK. The development of regional partnerships and the support of national legislation were key components of the country’s streamlined approach to biosecurity. Invasive non-native crayfish had a significantly lower diversity and prevalence of parasites than native crayfish in the UK, supporting the concept of enemy release. Finally, a global meta-analysis revealed that recreational activities also act as vectors for the introduction of INNS in terrestrial and marine environments and require biosecurity measures of a similar magnitude. The results provide an evidence base from which to develop freshwater biosecurity strategies in the UK and wider Europe.
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Holenstein, Kathrin. "Permeability of European Protected Areas to Non-Native Species." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONG015.

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Les aires protégées sont des éléments clés de la stratégie mondiale de conservation de la biodiversité, en visant à préserver les espèces, les habitats et les écosystèmes. La mondialisation a entraîné une augmentation des introductions d'espèces en dehors de leur aire de répartition naturelle. Dans leur nouvel environnement, certaines de ces espèces non indigènes ont le potentiel d’affecter les écosystèmes, de concurrencer ou de menacer les espèces locales. L'environnement à proximité des aires protégées est susceptible de servir de tremplin à ces espèces introduites avant qu’elles ne pénètrent dans les aires protégées. Cependant, on sait peu de choses sur le rôle que jouent les zones entourant les aires protégées dans cette dynamique de colonisation. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les zones entourant les aires protégées pour aborder la question de la perméabilité des aires protégées aux espèces non indigènes. En étudiant les aires protégées en Norvège, nous avons montré que le pool d’espèces non indigènes présent autour des aires protégées a un impact qualitatif sur la communauté d'espèces non indigènes présentes dans les aires protégées, les espèces non indigènes envahissantes étant présentes dans une plus grande proportion dans les aires protégées (40 %) que dans leurs ceintures (12 %). Le nombre d'espèces non indigènes présentes autour des aires protégées détermine également le nombre d'espèces non indigènes présentes dans les aires protégées. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence la dynamique de la colonisation de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur des aires protégées en montrant que les espèces non indigènes étaient détectées dans les aires protégées plusieurs années après avoir été détectées autour d’elles. En outre, nous avons montré dans quatre pays européens que le type d’occupation du sol à proximité et au sein des aires protégées joue un rôle central dans l'établissement des espèces non indigènes dans les aires protégées. Ainsi, les habitats fortement anthropisés autour des aires protégées favorisent la présence d'espèces non indigènes dans les aires protégées, quel que soit le type d’occupation du sol dans ces dernières. Enfin, nous avons étudié la dynamique de colonisation d'Acacia dealbata, une espèce d'arbre non indigène envahissante au centre du Portugal, autour et dans cinq aires protégées, au cours de ces vingt dernières années. Nous avons montré que les perturbations par les incendies et la perte de couverture forestière favorisaient la présence de l'espèce. Cette thèse a mis en évidence l'importance des zones autour des aires protégées dans la colonisation de celles-ci par les espèces non indigènes. Ces résultats sont particulièrement pertinents pour les futures stratégies de gestion des espèces non indigènes dans les aires protégées
Protected areas are among the key elements of global biodiversity conservation strategies and aim to conserve native species, habitats and ecosystems. Globalisation has led to increased introductions of species outside their natural range. In their new environment, some of these non-native species have the potential to affect ecosystems and compete with or threaten native species. The environment in close proximity to protected areas is likely to be the stepping stone for non-native species to become established in protected areas. However, little is known about the role that protected area surroundings play in the permeability of protected areas to non-native species. In this thesis, I focused on protected areas and their surrounding belts to address the issue of permeability to non-native species. Examining protected areas in Norway, I showed that non-native species surrounding protected areas have a qualitative impact on the community of non-native species in protected areas. Moreover, the proportion of invasive species was higher in protected areas (40 %) compared to their belts (12 %). The number of non-native species in the surrounding areas also significantly determined the number of non-native species in protected areas. I have also highlighted the dynamics of colonization from the belts to the protected areas by showing that non-native species were detected in the protected areas on average several years after they were recorded in the belts. In addition, I showed in four European countries that the type of land use and land cover in the proximity and within protected areas plays a central role in the establishment of non-native species in protected areas. Anthropogenic land use and land cover around protected areas promoted the establishment of non-native species inside protected areas, regardless of the land use and land cover present in them. Finally, I investigated the colonization dynamics of Acacia dealbata, an invasive t ree species, in and around protected areas in central Portugal over the last twenty years. I showed that disturbances by fires and the loss of tree cover had a significant positive effect on the presence of the species. This thesis highlights the importance of the protected area surroundings for the colonization of non-native species. This is particularly relevant for future management strategies for non-native species in protected areas
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3

Cassey, Phillip, and n/a. "Comparative Analyses of Successful Establishment Among Introduced Land Birds." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2002. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030915.094001.

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Humankind has redistributed a large number of species outside their native geographic ranges. Although the majority of introduction attempts fail to establish populations, the cumulative negative effect of successful non-native species has been and will continue to be large. Historical records of land bird introductions provide one of the richest sources of data for testing hypotheses regarding the factors that affect the successful establishment of non-native populations. However, despite comprehensive summaries of global avian introductions dating back two decades only very recent studies have examined the successful establishment of non-native bird species worldwide. It is clear that a non-random pattern exists in the types of land bird species that have been chosen by humans to be introduced outside their native range. Out of the 44 avian families from which species have been chosen for introduction almost 70% of introduction attempts have been from just five families (Phasianidae, Passeridae, Fringillidae, Columbidae, Psittacidae). Notably, these families include game species, insectivorous song birds, and species from the pet trade. It has been hypothesised that the fate of introduced species may be determined in part by heritable characteristics that are shared by closely related taxa. In my analyses, I have used current comparative methods to demonstrate that intrinsic eco-physiological characteristics are significant predictors of the worldwide success of introduced land bird species. The results of my analyses contribute to a greater ecological understanding of the traits that correlate with the successful establishment of non-native species. Notably, the three major conclusions that I have drawn from this thesis are: 1. Non-random patterns of successful establishment exist for introduced land bird taxa that have experienced a repeated number of introduction attempts. This result supports the idea that introduced species have an inherent likelihood of either succeeding or failing to establish non-native populations. 2. Eco-physiological traits are important correlates for determining the variability in introduction outcome for non-native land bird species. With reliable information on introduction attempts and taxa-specific traits predictive models are possible that quantify the outcome of repeated introduction attempts across non-native species. 3. Islands are not universally less resistant than mainland regions to the successful establishment of non-native species. This perception is a reflection of the greater number of introduction attempts to islands rather than an effect of biotic resistance. Any differences in the success of introduction attempts can be attributed largely to differences in the proportion of introductions that have been made across biogeographic regions. I have highlighted that data are accessible for global analyses of the variability in the successful establishment of non-native species. Although establishment success is not a deterministic process, the characteristics of an introduced species can influence the probability of its succeeding. I have shown that with adequate eco-physiological information, and for introduced land bird species at least, this probability can be predicted. These results refute previous suggestions that the stochastic component of species introductions will always overshadow any emerging patterns of successful establishment among non-native populations.
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Ignace, Danielle Denise. "Functional Responses of Sonoran Desert Plant Species to Precipitation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196132.

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Arid and semi-arid ecosystems of the southwestern U.S. are experiencing major changes that have profound impacts for community structure and ecosystem function. First, these ecosystems are experiencing dramatic shifts in vegetation composition as a result of the invasion of non-native species. Second these ecosystems are predicted to undergo substantial shifts in climate regime, which include increases in the variability and frequency of extreme temperature and precipitation events. It is not well understood how these current and predicted changes will affect the physiological performance of different plant types in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. To address the effect of these changes, this dissertation focused on the photosynthetic response of a native and non-native grass species, and dominant shrub species to precipitation across contrasting soil surfaces in southeastern Arizona. The native and non-native grasses were exposed to wet and dry seasonal precipitation and responses to precipitation events ('pulses') were measured over the course of a summer growing season. To gain a mechanistic understanding of these patterns, the biochemical and diffusion limitations to photosynthetic function were measured over the course of a pulse period. Building on this foundation, natural stands of the non-native grass species were exposed to sequences of different sized pulse events. The physiological performance of a dominant shrub species, Larrea tridentata, was measured in order to determine the biochemical and diffusional constraints to photosynthetic function across seasons and contrasting soil surfaces. The results showed that leaf area development of these grass species affects water availability and time lags in photosynthetic response. Initial soil moisture conditions across contrasting soil surfaces influence the magnitude of photosynthetic response in grasses. Large photosynthetic responses of the non-native grass require large and consecutive precipitation pulses. Co-limitation of photosynthesis of Larrea tridentata by diffusion and biochemistry does not illustrate typical trends across seasons and soil surfaces. Overall results demonstrate the importance of determining the mechanisms responsible for observed leaf-level photosynthetic patterns across individual pulse events, seasons, and contrasting soil surfaces. This is especially important for predicting the magnitude of the response of plant communities in arid and semi-arid ecosystems to species invasions and changes in climate.
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Cassey, Phillip. "Comparative Analyses of Successful Establishment Among Introduced Land Birds." Thesis, Griffith University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366398.

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Humankind has redistributed a large number of species outside their native geographic ranges. Although the majority of introduction attempts fail to establish populations, the cumulative negative effect of successful non-native species has been and will continue to be large. Historical records of land bird introductions provide one of the richest sources of data for testing hypotheses regarding the factors that affect the successful establishment of non-native populations. However, despite comprehensive summaries of global avian introductions dating back two decades only very recent studies have examined the successful establishment of non-native bird species worldwide. It is clear that a non-random pattern exists in the types of land bird species that have been chosen by humans to be introduced outside their native range. Out of the 44 avian families from which species have been chosen for introduction almost 70% of introduction attempts have been from just five families (Phasianidae, Passeridae, Fringillidae, Columbidae, Psittacidae). Notably, these families include game species, insectivorous song birds, and species from the pet trade. It has been hypothesised that the fate of introduced species may be determined in part by heritable characteristics that are shared by closely related taxa. In my analyses, I have used current comparative methods to demonstrate that intrinsic eco-physiological characteristics are significant predictors of the worldwide success of introduced land bird species. The results of my analyses contribute to a greater ecological understanding of the traits that correlate with the successful establishment of non-native species. Notably, the three major conclusions that I have drawn from this thesis are: 1. Non-random patterns of successful establishment exist for introduced land bird taxa that have experienced a repeated number of introduction attempts. This result supports the idea that introduced species have an inherent likelihood of either succeeding or failing to establish non-native populations. 2. Eco-physiological traits are important correlates for determining the variability in introduction outcome for non-native land bird species. With reliable information on introduction attempts and taxa-specific traits predictive models are possible that quantify the outcome of repeated introduction attempts across non-native species. 3. Islands are not universally less resistant than mainland regions to the successful establishment of non-native species. This perception is a reflection of the greater number of introduction attempts to islands rather than an effect of biotic resistance. Any differences in the success of introduction attempts can be attributed largely to differences in the proportion of introductions that have been made across biogeographic regions. I have highlighted that data are accessible for global analyses of the variability in the successful establishment of non-native species. Although establishment success is not a deterministic process, the characteristics of an introduced species can influence the probability of its succeeding. I have shown that with adequate eco-physiological information, and for introduced land bird species at least, this probability can be predicted. These results refute previous suggestions that the stochastic component of species introductions will always overshadow any emerging patterns of successful establishment among non-native populations.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Henkanaththegedara, Sujan Maduranga. "Ecological Complexity of Non-Native Species Impacts in Desert Aquatic Systems." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26697.

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Without an adequate understanding of complex interactions between native and non-native species, management of invasive species can result in unforeseen detrimental impacts. I used both field and laboratory experiments to study reciprocal species interactions between the endangered Mohave tui chub (Siphateles bicolor mohavensis) and invasive western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). I also examined the impacts of both fish species on the aquatic invertebrate communities in desert springs. I demonstrate a case of intraguild predation (IGP) as a mechanism facilitating co-persistence of the endangered Mohave tui chub with invasive mosquitofish using field mesocosm experiments. In this case of IGP, adult tui chub prey on adult and juvenile mosquitofish, while adult mosquitofish prey on tui chub eggs and/or larvae. I conducted laboratory predation trials to assess if IGP was size-structured due to predator gape-limitation. I explored sex specific differences in gape-size limitation in mosquitofish, because mosquitofish are sexually dimorphic. Larval tui chubs had lower survival in the presence of female mosquitofish than in the presence of males. Reciprocally, male mosquitofish had lower survival than the females in the presence of Mohave tui chub. These results combined with vulnerability modeling supported that IGP in this system is size structured based on gape-size limitation. These results collectively suggest size-structured IGP may facilitate the co-persistence of these two fish species. My findings also suggest that mosquitofish may not be a limiting factor for the persistence of the endangered Mohave tui chub. Further, habitats currently harboring mosquitofish were considered as future refuge habitats for Mohave tui chub, a management option previously un-available. In addition to such reciprocal interactions between fish species, recently established fish populations may impact unique invertebrate communities. Mesocosm experiments with sympatric and allopatric populations of tui chub and mosquitofish showed negative impacts of both fish species on changes of invertebrate community structure. Specifically, fish caused population declines and, in some cases, extirpations of various invertebrate taxa. These results suggest important conservation implications of invasive fish as well as protected fish transplants into fishless desert springs. Overall my research emphasizes the complexity of ecological interactions between native and non-native fish species in desert aquatic systems.
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Kiger, Sarah. "Competitive ability of native and non-native prairie species in response to soil nitrogen and density." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6621.

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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 21 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 12-13). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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anderson, kaylee. "Using Linear Mixed Models to Analyze Native and Non-Native Species Abundances in Coastal Sage Scrub." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/807.

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Coastal Sage Scrub (CSS) is a low scrubland plant community native to the coasts of California, housing many threatened and endangered species. Due to the invasion of non-native plants, many areas of CSS have type converted to annual grasslands and the fire frequency has accelerated; fire in turn, may facilitate further invasion, leading to a loss of biodiversity. While many studies document post-fire succession in these communities, pre-fire data are rarely available for comparison, especially data on seedling emergence. I analyzed post-fire recovery of a type-converted grassland community, comparing seedling emergence data for the first and third year after fire to the three years preceding the fire. Non-native species abundances declined more after the fire than did native abundances. This pattern was still present in 2015, three years post-fire. Two native species, Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia (Amsinckia) and Phacelia distans (Phacelia), were subjects of seed addition treatments pre-fire, but I found no evidence that past seeding increased their abundances post-fire. Amsincki did recover to its pre-fire density three years after the fire, while the density of Phacelia declined over 75% in both the year immediately post-fire and three years after the fire. However, a third native species, Lupinus bicolor (Lupinus), was both much more abundant and also more spatially widespread both immediately after the fire and two years later. This supports the hypothesis that Lupinus is stored in the soil seed bank and the fire may have given this species the opportunity to recover by lowering abundances of non-native competitors. This analysis will inform future conservation efforts by improving our understanding of how seed banks impact the post-fire recovery of native species.
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Fincham, William Norman Whitlock. "Quantifying the impacts of invasive non-native species using key functional traits." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21380/.

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Invasive non-native species place high pressures on native communities and can result in ecological impacts often associated with differences in key functional behaviours that mediate top-down and bottom-up forces. In this thesis, I use two model systems, the UK Coccinellidae system and the UK freshwater amphipod system, to quantify per-capita differences between native and invasive non-native species. I scale these studies up to more complex ecological communities and attempt to account for additional environmental pressures (e.g. pathogenic infection). First, I present a laboratory experiment to quantify the per-capita differences in predatory behaviour between native and invasive non-native Coccinellidae with a pathogen (Beauveria bassiana) exposure treatment. H. axyridis was the most effcient predator and pathogenic infection reduced the forage ability in all species. Second, I used existing H. axyridis distribution and aphid abundance data to quantify H. axyridis' impact through top-down forces. The arrival of H. axyridis is correlated with significant changes in aphid abundance and, of the 14 species studied, five declined in abundance, four increased, while the remaining five showed no significant change. Third, I measured the per-capita differences in detrital processing rates between native and invasive freshwater amphipods when provided with three diets of differing resource quality and maintained at three temperatures. The rates of detrital processing varied between the native and invasive non-native species and between the temperature and resource quality treatments. Fourth, I applied native and invasive amphipods at two density treatments (high and low) to a field mesocosm experiment to measure how the per-capita differences impacted more complex ecological systems. The presence of invasive amphipods changed the macroinvertebrate community composition and ecosystem functioning. I finish by highlighting that our understanding as to how the pressures of invasive non-native species interact with additional environmental stressors remains limited and an area that warrants further investigation.
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Paulson, Brandon. "Ex Situ Analyses of Non-Native Species Impacts on Imperiled Desert Fishes." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29890.

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This thesis focuses on interactions between two invasive species, the western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), and two desert fishes, the Amargosa pupfish (Cyprinodon nevadensis) and the endangered Pahrump poolfish (Empetrichthys latos latos). Chapter one is a literature review on the impacts of invasive species on various desert fishes. Chapter Two reports the results of multiple mesocosm experiments that show poolfish are unlikely to persist in the presence of mosquitofish. Chapter Three reports the results of a mesocosm experiment that tested the combined impacts of crayfish and mosquitofish on poolfish populations. Chapter Three mimics a historic case study in Nevada, where the Lake Harriett poolfish population crashed following the introduction of crayfish and mosquitofish. Chapter Four reports results of a mesocosm experiment that revealed density dependent effects of invasive crayfish on pupfish populations, with pupfish populations negatively affected when crayfish were at high densities.
Nevada State Wildlife Grant
North Dakota State University. Environmental and Conservation Science Program
Desert Fish Council
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Books on the topic "Non-native species"

1

Bradley, Cheryl E. Invasion of non-native plant species: Report of workshop results. Calgary: Alberta Environment, 2007.

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Society, Arkansas Native Plant. Field guide to invasive non-native plant species in Arkansas. Mena, Ark: Arkansas Native Plant Society, 2003.

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Olson, Annette. Handling and disposal of non-native aquatic species and their packaging. Seattle, WA: Washington Sea Grant Program, 2000.

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Butt, D. E. D. Non-native species in the UK: a review of planting schemes in environmental statements. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1999.

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5

Montana. Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, ed. Canyon Ferry Reservoir risk assessment: The potential impacts of introduction of five non-native species. Helena, Mont: The Dept., 1992.

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Muhlfeld, Clint C. Seasonal distribution and movements of native and non-native fishes in the upper Flathead River, Montana: Flathead River native species project : summary report 1997-1999. Kalispell, Mont: Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, 2000.

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L, Craig Christine, and Rocky Mountain Research Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), eds. Response of six non-native invasive plant species to wildfires in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2010.

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Traveset, Anna, and David M. Richardson, eds. Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 23 chapters divided into seven parts. Part I reviews the key hypotheses in invasion ecology that invoke biotic interactions to explain aspects of plant invasion dynamics; and reviews models, theories and hypotheses on how invasion performance and impact of introduced species in recipient ecosystems can be conjectured according to biotic interactions between native and non-native species. Part II deals with positive and negative interactions in the soil. Part III discusses mutualistic interactions that promote plant invasions. Part IV describes antagonistic interactions that hinder plant invasions, while part V presents the consequences of plant invasions for biotic interactions among native species. In part VI, novel techniques and experimental approaches in the study of plant invasions are shown. In the last part, biotic interactions and the management of ecosystems invaded by non-native plants are discussed.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards. Combating the invaders: Research on non-native species : hearing before the Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards, Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, July 26, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Resources. Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans. Efforts to introduce non-native oyster species to the Chesapeake Bay and the National Research Council's report titled "Non-Native Oysters in the Chesapeake Bay": Oversight field hearing before the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife and Oceans of the Committee on Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, Tuesday, October 14, 2003, in Annapolis, Maryland. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-native species"

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Wandrag, Elizabeth M., and Jane A. Catford. "Competition between native and non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 281–307. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0281.

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Abstract The introduction of species to new locations leads to novel competitive interactions between resident native and newly-arriving non-native species. The nature of these competitive interactions can influence the suitability of the environment for the survival, reproduction and spread of non-native plant species, and the impact those species have on native plant communities. Indeed, the large literature on competition among plants reflects its importance in shaping the composition of plant communities, including the invasion success of non-native species. While competition and invasion theory have historically developed in parallel, the increasing recognition of the synergism between the two themes has led to new insights into how non-native plant species invade native plant communities, and the impacts they have on those plant communities. This chapter provides an entry point into the aspects of competition theory that can help explain the success, dominance and impacts of invasive species. It focuses on resource competition, which arises wherever the resources necessary for establishment, survival, reproduction and spread are in limited supply. It highlights key hypotheses developed in invasion biology that relate to ideas of competition, outlines biotic and abiotic factors that influence the strength of competition and species' relative competitive abilities, and describes when and how competition between non-native and native plant species can influence invasion outcomes. Understanding the processes that influence the strength of competition between non-native and native plant species is a necessary step towards understanding the causes and consequences of biological invasions.
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French, Nigel P. "Impacts of Non-native Species on Livestock." In Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, 139–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_9.

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Johnson, Jerry. "Contrasting Tourist Attitudes towards Non-native Species." In Tourism, Recreation and Biological Invasions, 141–49. GB: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620544.0015.

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Callaway, Ragan M., and Jacob E. Lucero. "Soil biota and non-native plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 45–66. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0045.

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Abstract The trajectory of plant invasions - for better or for worse - can be tied to interactions between plants and the soil community. Here, we highlight five broad ways in which belowground interactions can influence the trajectory of biological invasions by non-native plant species. First, many non-native plant species in their non-native ranges can interact very differently with the resident soil community than do native species. Second, non-native plant species often interact very differently with the soil community in their non-native ranges than in their native ranges, which can result in enemy release from antagonistic interactions. Third, non-native plant species can cultivate a soil community that disproportionately harms native competitors in invaded communities. Fourth, antagonistic soil biota in invaded communities can reduce the performance of non-native plant species, resulting in meaningful biotic resistance against invasion. Fifth, besides or in addition to antagonistic interactions with soil biota, soil mutualisms can promote the success of invasive plant species (i) when mutualists co-invade with non-native plant species that require obligate specialist mutualists, (ii) when mutualists enhance the performance of non-native plant species in their non-native ranges, and (iii) when biotic interactions in the invaded community suppress the soil mutualists of native plant species. We conclude that management practices aimed at manipulating plant - soil interactions have considerable potential to help control plant invasions, but further work is needed to understand the spatial, temporal, taxonomic and biogeographic drivers of context dependence in interactions among plants and soil biota.
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Cavieres, Lohengrin A. "The role of plant-plant facilitation in non-native plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 138–52. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0138.

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Abstract Biological invasions are one the most important drivers of the current environmental changes generating important biodiversity losses. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underpinning biological invasions, most of them relate to negative interactions among native and invasive species, where the capacity for many invasive species to reduce diversity is often attributed to a greater competitiveness. However, neighbouring species can also show facilitative interactions, where the presence of one species can facilitate another directly by improving environmental conditions or indirectly through negative effects on a third party species. This chapter reviews the scientific literature on plant invasion, seeking examples of where facilitative interactions either among native and non-native plant species or among non-native species were demonstrated. There are several examples of native species that directly facilitate a non-native species, while examples of native species having a negative effect either on a native or a non-native species that compete with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect of the native on the target non-native, are less numerous. Direct facilitation among non-native species has been reported as part of the 'invasional meltdown' phenomenon (Chapter 8, this volume). There are cases where non-native species can have a negative effect on a native species that competes with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect among the non-natives. Finally, a non-native species can have a direct facilitative effect on native species, which might have important implications in restoration.
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da Silva, Fernanda Ribeiro, and Marco Aurélio Pizo. "Restoration of seed dispersal interactions in communities invaded by non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 391–401. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0391.

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Abstract Restoration aims to rebuild not only species but also the tangled interactions between species that ensure communities perpetuate by themselves. In tropical forests, restoration of seed dispersal interactions is essential because most plant species depend on animals to spread their seeds. A big challenge in restoring such forests is dealing with invasion by non-native species. Non-native plant species may outcompete and eliminate native species from the community, potentially disrupting or arresting the restoration process. Once established, invasive non-native plants are usually incorporated into the local seed dispersal network, potentially causing loss of biodiversity by competition with native species. This chapter reports on a case study of a 25-year old restored forest invaded by several bird-dispersed plant species. We assessed network metrics at the species level to specifically evaluate the role performed by invasive non-native species in the structure of the bird - seed dispersal network. The removal of invasive non-native plants and the re-establishment of native plant communities should be considered for the restoration of habitats invaded by non-native plants. For this reason, we discuss the impacts of removing such non-native plants and explore the consequences for the structure of the overall network. Because restoration areas are open systems, even after the removal of invasive non-native plant species they can return via seed dispersal. So, both the control and management of invasive non-native species would be more effective if planned with a landscape perspective. We also point out relevant management aspects to avoid the negative influence of invasive non-native plants on the seed dispersal interactions occurring between native plant and bird species in restored tropical forests.
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Kueffer, Christoph, and Christian A. Kull. "Non-native Species and the Aesthetics of Nature." In Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, 311–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_20.

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Gutiérrez, Jorge L. "Modification of Habitat Quality by Non-native Species." In Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, 33–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_3.

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Zerbe, Stefan. "Dealing with Non-native Species in Ecosystem Restoration." In Restoration of Ecosystems – Bridging Nature and Humans, 79–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65658-7_5.

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Hettinger, Ned. "Understanding and Defending the Preference for Native Species." In The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics, 399–424. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63523-7_22.

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AbstractThe preference for native species, along with its concomitant antipathy toward non-natives, has been increasingly criticized as incoherent, obsolete, xenophobic, misanthropic, uncompassionate, and antithetical to conservation. This essay explores these criticisms. It articulates an ecological conception of nativeness that distinguishes non-native species both from human-introduced and from invasive species. It supports, for the most part, the criticisms that non-natives threaten biodiversity, homogenize ecological assemblages, and further humanize the planet. While prejudicial dislike of the foreign is a human failing that feeds the preference for natives, opposition to non-natives can be based on laudatory desires to protect natural dimensions of the biological world and to prevent biological impoverishment. Implications for our treatment of non-native, sentient animals are explored, as well as are questions about how to apply the native/non-native distinction to animals that share human habitats and to species affected by climate change.
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Conference papers on the topic "Non-native species"

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Santos, Maria Joao, and Susan L. Ustin. "Spectral Identification of Native and Non-Native Plant Species for Biodiversity Assessments." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8517397.

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Sujetovienė, Gintarė, and Irma Šveikauskaitė. "Effects of Climate Warming on Timing of Native and Non-Native Tree Species Phenology." In The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014". Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Press “Technika” 2014, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2014.059.

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Sarateanu, Veronica. "INCIDENCE OF INVASIVE NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE SPECIES IN PERMANENT GRASSLANDS FROM WESTERN ROMANIAN CARPATHIANS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/51/s20.077.

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Bradt, David L. "Coming in from the cold: Refrigeration kills non-native American cockroaches but not native species." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114754.

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Wondafrash Gossa, Mesfin. "Interactions between two invasive insect species co-occurring on non-native pine trees." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.110166.

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Takács, Péter, Bálint Bánó, and Tibor Erős. "Functional diversity of the Middle-Danubian fish fauna, the role of non-native species." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/108126.

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Lu, Xinmin. "Climate warming increases non-target effects of a biocontrol agent on a native species." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93431.

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Apine, Inga, and Uģis Piterāns. "FIRST RECORDS OF AZALEA SAWFLY NEMATUS LIPOVSKY SMITH, 1974 (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) IN LATVIA." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/11.

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Invasive non-native insect species are well-known threat to both local and introduced plant species in Europe. With increasing global trade and effects of climate change it is expected these alien species will continue to expand their distribution areas. One such non-native species is azalea sawfly Nematus lipovskyi Smith, 1974 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) that feeds on deciduous Rhododendron spp. This species is known to occur in the USA and was found in the Czech Republic for the first time in Europe in 2010. We report the first findings of this species in Latvia that were made based of field observations in the period of 2018-2020. The current known status of the species in Latvia is presented. Our observations of damage caused by sawfly larvae are summarized. Host plants used by sawfly larvae are listed – we note Rhododendron albrechtii as a host plant of this species for the first time. The possible pathways of its introduction and the overall importance of our findings in context with other non-native species expansions are briefly discussed.
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TORN, KAIRE, KRISTJAN HERKÜL, ANNELIIS PETERSON, and ÜLO SUURSAAR. "PREDICTING POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BENTHIC SPECIES: CURRENT AND FUTURE DISTRIBUTION OF NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE CHAROPHYTES AND AMPHIPODS." In ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 2020. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eid200091.

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Scholtz, Elinor, and Larisa R. G. DeSantis. "USING DIETARY ECOLOGY TO EXAMINE THE IMPACTS OF NON-NATIVE SPECIES ON AUSTRALIAN MARSUPIAL HERBIVORES." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-318748.

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Reports on the topic "Non-native species"

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Steven J R Allain, Steven J. R. Allain. Investigating the presence of the amphibian chytrid fungus in a non-native species. Experiment, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/9724.

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Turner, Brian. Responses of Aquatic Non-Native Species to Novel Predator Cues and Increased Mortality. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5512.

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Ferguson, Dennis E., and Christine L. Craig. Response of six non-native invasive plant species to wildfires in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-78.

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Smith, Thomas, and Ann L. Hild. Effectiveness of Selected Native Plants as Competitors with Non-indigenous and Invasive Knapweed and Thistle Species. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada553671.

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Ehrenfield, Joan G., Kristen A. Ross, Manisha Patel, Jean N. Epiphan, and Steven N. Handel. Recovery of native plant species after initial management of non-native plant invaders: Vegetation monitoring in an exclosure in Morristown National Historical Park. National Park Service, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2278124.

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Large, M., and L. Farrington. The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. Unitec ePress, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/pibs.rs22016.

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Nephrolepis cordifolia (ladder fern) is widely recorded as an invasive weed, and is naturalised in New Zealand. The first records of this plant being wild date from the 1970s. The presence of other native species of Nephrolepis (in particular N. flexuosa Colenso) potentially complicates the recognition of the naturalised species. However, N. cordifolia has been easily distinguished by the presence of ‘bulbils’ or ‘tubers’ that appear along wire-like runners. In this paper we report the presence of the Boston fern complex (including N. exaltata) now apparently wild in the Auckland region. This aggregate is without bulbils and may superficially be confused with the other native and non-native species.
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Bortz, Tyler, Molly Davis, and Ryan Manuel. Plant community composition and structure monitoring at Fort Laramie National Historic Site: 2020 data report. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293003.

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This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2020 at Fort Laramie National Historic Site (FOLA) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). This was the tenth year of combined monitoring efforts. Crew members from USGS visited 9 long-term monitoring plots to collect data on the plant communities at FOLA. This work is part of a long-term monitoring effort designed to provide a better understanding of the condition of the vegetation community at FOLA and how it changes over time. USGS staff measured species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance at each of the nine plots. In plots where woody species were present, tree regeneration, tall shrub density, tree density, and woody fuel loads were also measured. Data collection at seven plots was incomplete, where only point-intercept, site disturbance, and invasive species presence data were collected, while in two plots the previously listed protocols as well as the quadrat protocol were performed. In 2020, the monitoring crews identified 44 unique plant species in 9 monitoring plots. Of those species, 19 were exotic species. In a majority of plots (5 of 9), there was a greater percent of native species cover compared to exotic species cover. However, exotic plants were found at every plot in FOLA. No rare species were observed during our surveys
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Schad, Aaron, Gary Dick, Kris Erickson, Paul Fuhrmann, and Lynde Dodd. Vegetation community changes in response to phragmites management at Times Beach, Buffalo, New York. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42149.

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Management of invasive phragmites (Phragmites australis [Cav.] Trin. Ex Steud.) in the United States has proven challenging over the last several decades. Various methods for control exist, but integrated approaches appear to have the most success. However, documentation of vegetation community–wide responses to these approaches remains limited. This study monitored plant community changes at Times Beach, New York, over a five-year period. In concert with mowing and thatch removal in all areas, the study evaluated two herbicides separately and together, representing three experimental treatment areas (TAs), for control efficacy by measuring plant community structure. Phragmites was targeted for treatments, avoiding native and nonproblematic non-native species when possible, to preserve beneficial habitat during phragmites control efforts. Monitoring results showed significant drops in phragmites relative cover, relative frequency, and importance values due to integrated management, regardless of herbicide treatment, with corresponding increases in these same values for native and other plant species. This suggests that prudent removal of phragmites is compatible with beneficial plant restorative efforts to maintain and improve habitat in infested areas.
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LeDuc, Jamie, Ryan Maki, Tom Burri, Joan Elias, Jay Glase, Brenda Moraska Lafrancois, Kevin Peterson, David Vandermeulen, and Ben Vondra. Voyageurs National Park interior lakes status and impact assessment. National Park Service, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289923.

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Voyageurs National Park (VNP) is a water-based park that includes part or all of four large lakes and twenty-six smaller lakes commonly referred to as “interior lakes”. The 26 interior lakes of VNP are important aquatic resources with differing size and depth, water chemistry, trophic status, fish communities, and visitor use. Despite the remote location of these lakes, they have been impacted by multiple stressors, including contaminants and non-native species. This assessment provides key information in support of a science-based management plan for these lakes. The objectives of this assessment were to: 1) assess the status of each of the interior lakes and categorically rank the lakes from least to most impacted; 2) use the results to make specific science-based management and restoration recommendations for the most impacted lakes; and 3) make general recommendations that may be useful in managing all of Voyageurs National Park’s interior lakes. When all factors considered in this analysis (water quality, fish mercury concentrations, and fish community characteristics) were combined and assessed, thirteen lakes were classified as most impacted, nine as moderately impacted, and three as least impacted. Although nearly half of the lakes were classified as most impacted in this assessment, many of these lakes are in excellent condition compared to other lakes in the region. The factor-by-factor impact status of the lakes was considered to help describe the condition of the lakes and the potential for restoration. No local management options were identified to mitigate the mercury contamination in these lakes as research has shown the sources of the contamination to arrive from regional and global sources. Similarly, no management actions were identified to reduce nutrient concentrations in the lakes ranked most impacted for nutrient conditions as these are remote lakes with minimal or no development within their watersheds, and it was also noted that paleolimnological studies have shown that the nutrient status of the interior lakes was relatively unchanged from pre-European settlement conditions. Finally, for the lakes in which presumed introduced fish species are present, piscicides were considered as a potential management action. Piscicides were not recommended as a strategy to eradicate introduced fish species as it was determined that genetic conservation of the populations of native fish species still present in these lakes was more valuable than eradicating the introduced species.
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Johnson, Sarah, Michael Sinclair, Emily Leonard, and Forrest Rosenbower. Development of strategies for monitoring and managing sandscape vegetation, with an assessment of declining vegetation in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293187.

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Coastal dune habitats such as those of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) are regionally rare habitats of global and state-wide concern. Their dynamic, sandy landforms provide habitat for unique species specifically adapted to frequent disturbance, drought, and other stresses. Despite having disturbance-driven life histories, these species are at risk due to increased visitor use of sandscape habitats and environmental change. Resource managers at APIS have long understood the values of these sandscapes and threats presented by recreational trampling, but more recently they have recognized the precarious position that these coastal habitats are in due to their proximity to the lake and exposure to weather-related phenomena linked with long-term climate change. In recognition of emerging threats and the need to track impacts of these threats, park managers initiated a revision of their methods for monitoring sandscape vegetation. We applied these methods to 15 sandscape locations within the national lakeshore in 2014. Here, we outline what these revisions to the methods were, assess the current status of sandscape structure and composition, assess the utility of data collected with these methods, provide suggestions for further revisions of the sampling method, outline a two-tiered sampling approach for future monitoring, and we provide management recommendations. In a second section of the report, we provide a focused assessment of the size and health of Juniperus communis (common juniper), a target species of concern in these sandscape communities after it was observed by park managers to be dying or stressed on Michigan Island. Our assessments include the status of J. communis across all sandscapes monitored in 2014, and an analysis of change over time since 2012 in the health of J. communis on Michigan, Outer, and Stockton Islands. We provide evidence of impacts by rodents on foliar dieback, primarily on Michigan Island, and we discuss possible interactions with the non-native pale juniper web-worm (Aethes rutilana) and with climate change.
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