Journal articles on the topic 'Non-Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (NIP)'
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1
Azhar, Siti Maizatul Ameera, Brody Sambang Muyang, Gaanty Pragas Maniam, and Nurlin Abu Samah. "Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer with Oleic Acid as a Template." Key Engineering Materials 932 (September 20, 2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9l60lo.
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Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Oleic Acid (MIPOA) and Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Palmitic Acid (MIPPA) were synthesized using oleic acid and palmitic acid as the templates; acetonitrile as the porogenic solvent; and allylthiourea as the monomer; and EDGMA as a cross-linker via bulk polymerization. The non-imprinted polymers (NIP) as a control were prepared with the same procedure, but with the absence of template molecule. The synthesized MIPs and NIP were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the results showed the narrowing of –OH peak which shows that crosslinking has occurred. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (FESEM-EDX) was used to analyze the composition of in both MIPs and NIP. The results yielded a composition of C, O, and S. This analysis corresponds to the composition of oleic acid and sulfuric acid as both templates contain -COOH group. These results suggested that the molecularly imprinted polymers can be employed as a potential adsorbent for the removal of oleic acid and palmitic acid from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) waste.
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Wolska, Joanna, and Nasim Jalilnejad Falizi. "Membrane Emulsification Process as a Method for Obtaining Molecularly Imprinted Polymers." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162830.
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The membrane emulsification process (ME) using a metallic membrane was the first stage for preparing a spherical and monodisperse thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted polymer (TSMIP). In the second step of the preparation, after the ME process, the emulsion of monomers was then polymerized. Additionally, the synthesized TSMIP was fabricated using as a functional monomer N-isopropylacrylamide, which is thermosensitive. This special type of polymer was obtained for the recognition and determination of trace bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous media. Two types of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized using amounts of BPA of 5 wt.% (MIP-2) and 7 wt.% (MIP-1) in the reaction mixtures. Additionally, a non-imprinted polymer (NIP) was also synthesized. Polymer MIP-2 showed thermocontrolled recognition for imprinted molecules and a higher binding capacity than its corresponding non-imprinted polymer and higher than other molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP-1). The best condition for the sorption process was at a temperature of 35 °C, that is, at a temperature close to the phase transition value for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Under these conditions, the highest levels of BPA removal from water were achieved and the highest adsorption capacity of MIP-2 was about 0.5 mmol g−1 (about 114.1 mg g−1) and was approximately 20% higher than for MIP-1 and NIP. It was also observed that during the kinetic studies, under these temperature conditions, MIP-2 sorbed BPA faster and with greater efficiency than its non-imprinted analogue.
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Turner, Nicholas W., Clovia I. Holdsworth, Adam McCluskey, and Michael C. Bowyer. "N-2-Propenyl-(5-dimethylamino)-1-naphthalene Sulfonamide, a Novel Fluorescent Monomer for the Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Detection of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene in the Gas Phase." Australian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 10 (2012): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12155.
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Fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) specific for 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) have been synthesised using a novel monomer N-2-propenyl-(5-dimethylamino)-1-naphthalene sulfonamide. Three formats of the polymer were produced: a traditional bulk monolith ground into particles, a flexible, but highly cross-linked plasticiser-modified free standing membrane, and a hybrid material consisting of particles embedded in a poly(acrylonitrile) phase inversed film. Within all materials, a clearly defined imprinting effect was observed upon exposure to DNT vapour at room temperature. In all cases, preferential rebinding of DNT to the molecularly imprinted materials (3–5 times) over their non-imprinted (NIP) equivalents was evident within <10 min of contact with the DNT vapour stream. Fluorographic images of the fluorescent polymers showed the DNT binding-induced quenching to be significantly higher in the MIP material than in the non-imprinted control polymer.
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Murray, Audrey, Banu Örmeci, and Edward P. C. Lai. "Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds from wastewater using polymer particles." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 1 (September 16, 2015): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.481.
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This study evaluated the use of particles of molecularly imprinted and non-imprinted polymers (MIP and NIP) as a wastewater treatment method for endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). MIP and NIP remove EDCs through adsorption and therefore do not result in the formation of partially degraded products. The results show that both MIP and NIP particles are effective for removal of EDCs, and NIP have the advantage of not being as compound-specific as the MIP and hence can remove a diverse range of compounds including 17-β-estradiol (E2), atrazine, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol. Removal of E2 from wastewater was also tested to determine the effectiveness of NIP in the presence of interfering substances and natural organic matter. Removal of E2 from wastewater samples was high and increased with increasing NIP. NIP represent an effective way of removing a wide variety of EDCs from wastewater.
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Zhang, Hai Hui, Fei Fei Xu, Yu Qing Duan, Can Zhang, Yong Sheng Yan, Gui Bo Sun, and Xiao Bo Sun. "Selective Adsorption and Pre-Concentration of Morin by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Chitosan Beads as Functional Matrix." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.756.
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To separate and enrich morin, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized on chitosan by surface molecular imprinting technique and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that MIP possessed better selectivity and recognition for morin in a mixture than that of non-imprinted polymer (NIP). The saturated adsorption amount of MIP was 8.0 mg/g, which was 4-fold than that of NIP, and the recovery in the elution step was 94.87% and 10.97% for MIP and NIP, respectively. These findings indicate MIP could realize the separation and pre-concentration of morin in real sample and may be used for solid phase extraction (MIP-SPE) protocol.
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Aprilia, Suci. "PENGARUH MILLING TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER KARBARIL (C12H11NO2)." JOURNAL ONLINE OF PHYSICS 5, no. 2 (July 25, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jop.v5i2.9430.
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Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) has been synthesized with carbaryl used as a template and forms complex bonds with Methacrylic Acid (MAA)through hydrogen bonds, followed by a cross-linking process using Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA) cross-linkers. The polymerization process begins with the thermal decomposition of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. Non-Imprinted Polymer (NIP) as a control polymer has also been synthesized using a similar procedure without using carbaryl templates. In this study, two variations of carbaryl are used, which are not milled carbamates, and carbaryl has been milled using High Energy Milling (HEM). The FTIR study was carried out to investigate the presence of carbaryl in polymers, MIP, and NIP. The spectrum shows that the concentration of carbaryl compound decreases after the extraction process. This result was also confirmed by the increase in the value of the percentage of transmittance in the MIP, especially the nano carbaryl MIP. This result is supported by the X-RD results, which showed a decrease in the size of the crystals in the carbaryl MIP from 10.07 Å while the nano carbaryl MIP was 9.16 Å.
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Gallegos-Tabanico, Amed, Jorge Jimenez-Canale, Sergio G. Hernandez-Leon, Alexel J. Burgara-Estrella, Jose Carmelo Encinas-Encinas, and Jose A. Sarabia-Sainz. "Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Conjugated with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Detection of Enrofloxacin." Chemosensors 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10110448.
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An electrochemical sensor was fabricated for the rapid and simple detection of enrofloxacin (EF). Modification of screen-printed gold electrodes (SPE) with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) allowed the detection of enrofloxacin by square wave voltammetry (SWV), measuring the oxidation peak at +0.9 V. The detection principle of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is based on the formation of binding sites with affinities and specificities comparable with those of natural antibodies. The detection of enrofloxacin showed a linear range of 0.01–0.1 mM with a detection limit LOD of 0.02 mM. The development of a non-imprinted polymer (NIP) control sensor allowed for better and more efficient detection. In addition, the sensor is portable, having the advantage of analyzing and detecting molecules of interest without the need to take the sample to a laboratory.
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Atqa, Ainun Rachmatina, and Maria Monica Sianita. "PENGARUH KONSENTRASI KLORAMFENIKOL TERHADAP ADSORPSI POLIMER CETAK MOLEKUL DENGAN METODE PRESIPITASI." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 3 (November 13, 2021): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v10n3.p257-267.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensisntesis Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) yang dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben pada adsorpsi kloramfenikol (CAP). Kinerja adsorben MIP diuji adsorpsinya dengan variasi konsentrasi CAP awal. Konsentrasi CAP yang digunakan yaitu 10, 25, dan 50 ppm. Karakterisasi Polimer MIP, Non-Imprinted Polimer (NIP), dan Polimer Blanko (PB) yang dihasilkan dianalisis menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), untuk mengetahui gugus -NO2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin besar konsentrasi CAP awal maka kemampuan adsorpsi semakin meningkat pada MIP dan PB. Kemampuan adsorpsi terbesar pada penelitian ini untuk MIP yaitu 16,54 mg/g dan PB yaitu 8,78 mg/g pada konsentrasi 50 ppm. MIP memiliki kemampuan adsorpsi lebih tinggi daripada PB karena adsorpsi MIP yang spesifik terhadap CAP. Nilai imprinting factor (IF) yang didapatkan sebesar 1,88. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus –NO2 pada bilangan gelombang 1560,62 cm-1 pada MIP dengan intensitas yang lebih rendah daripada NIP. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya CAP yang telah terelusi pada proses ekstraksi.
Kata kunci : Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, kloramfenikol, adsorpsi
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Gora Fahman and Maria Monica Sianita. "Calculation of enrichment factor in chloramphenicol analysis in shrimp with variation of concentration using molecularly imprinted polymer." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 15, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.15.2.0767.
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This research aims to determine the effect of chloramphenicol concentration in shrimp toward the value of enrichment factor (EF) in the adsorption-desorption process using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) as adsorbent. The enrichment factor describes how much analyte concentration is transferred from the sample to the solvent. In this research, the highest enrichment factor (EF) value was obtuined for chloramphenicol concentration of 50 ppm which was 120,086%. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the sizes of Blank Polymer (PB), Non-Imprinted Polymer (NIP), and Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) were 12, 18, and 23 nm, respectively. The detection limit value (LOD) was 0.0981 μg/mL, and the quantitation limit value (LOQ) was 0.3273 μg/mL. At this limit of detection (LOD) no chloramphenicol was detected in the analyzed shrimp.
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Roland, Rachel Marcella, and Showkat Ahmad Bhawani. "Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Removal of Melamine." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 12 (November 16, 2019): 2770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22243.
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In this article, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) of melamine was synthesized by non-covalent approach using microemulsion medium. In this study, melamine is used as a template molecule, acrylic acid as a functional monomer, N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAm) as a cross-linker and 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator and microemulsion as a solvent. The produced polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The batch binding analysis was conducted for the evaluation of MIP and NIP rebinding efficiency with the melamine template. The adsorption studies including the adsorbent dosage of polymer, initial concentrations and pH of melamine solution were successfully carried out on both MIP and NIP. For selectivity test, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was chosen as the competitive molecule against melamine template. A very good relative selectivity coefficient was achieved. The removal of melamine from different samples were conducted successfully by achieving a good removal efficiency in milk, river water and human blood serum 84.30, 94.26 and 93.32 %, respectively.
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Sianita, Maria Monica, and Trifena Meysia Yusuf. "PENGARUH JUMLAH POROGEN PADA SINTESIS MIP (MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER) TERHADAP ADSORPSI MIP-KLORAMFENIKOL." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 1 (February 11, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v11n1.p53-60.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari jumlah volume porogen asetonitril saat sintesis Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) terhadap kemampuan adsorpsi kloramfenikol dan mengetahui karakteristik gugus fungsional yang terkandung dalam Non Imprinted Polymer (NIP) dan MIP. Variasi porogen yang digunakan adalah 30 mL, 45 mL, dan 60 mL. Pengaruh jumlah volume porogen terhadap kemampuan adsorpsi akan diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), sedangkan untuk mengetahui gugus fungsional dalam NIP dan MIP akan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Sintesis MIP menggunakan metode presipitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi porogen 60 mL memberikan nilai kemampuan adsorpsi paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan variasi yang lain yaitu sebesar 7,32 mg/g. Karakterisasi dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus NO2 pada NIP yang ditunjukkan pada bilangan gelombang 1517,56 cm-1 dan 1549,08 cm-1 sedangkan pada MIP gugus NO2 terdeteksi pada bilangan gelombang 1553,07 cm-1 dengan intensitas yang lebih rendah.
Kata kunci : MIP, kloramfenikol, asetonitril, kemampuan adsorpsi.
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Sadia, Maria, Izaz Ahmed, Faiz Ali, Muhammad Zahoor, Riaz Ullah, Farhat Ali Khan, Essam A. Ali, and Amir Sohail. "Selective Removal of the Emerging Dye Basic Blue 3 via Molecularly Imprinting Technique." Molecules 27, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 3276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103276.
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A molecularly imprinting polymer (MIP) was synthesized for Basic Blue 3 dye and applied to wastewater for the adsorption of a target template. The MIPs were synthesized by bulk polymerization using methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Basic Blue 3 dye (BB-3), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and methanol were used as a functional monomer, cross linker, template, initiator and porogenic solvent, respectively, while non-imprinting polymers (NIP) were synthesized by the same procedure but without template molecules. The contact time was 25 min for the adsorption of BB-3 dye from 10 mL of spiked solution using 25 mg polymer. The adsorption of dye (BB-3) on the MIP followed the pseudo-second order kinetic (k2 = 0.0079 mg·g−1·min−1), and it was according to the Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacities of 78.13, 85.4 and 99.0 mg·g−1 of the MIP at 283 K, 298 K and 313 K, respectively and 7 mg·g−1 for the NIP. The negative values of ΔG° indicate that the removal of dye by the molecularly imprinting polymer and non-imprinting polymer is spontaneous, and the positive values of ΔH° and ΔS° indicate that the process is endothermic and occurred with the increase of randomness. The selectivity of the MIP for BB-3 dye was investigated in the presence of structurally similar as well as different dyes, but the MIP showed higher selectivity than the NIP. The imprinted polymer showed 96% rebinding capacity at 313 K towards the template, and the calculated imprinted factor and Kd value were 10.73 and 2.62, respectively. In this work, the MIP showed a greater potential of selectivity for the template from wastewater relative to the closely similar compounds.
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Yang, Jin Chul, Suck Won Hong, and Jinyoung Park. "Improving Surface Imprinting Effect by Reducing Nonspecific Adsorption on Non-Imprinted Polymer Films for 2,4-D Herbicide Sensors." Chemosensors 9, no. 3 (February 26, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9030043.
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Surface imprinting used for template recognition in nanocavities can be controlled and improved by surface morphological changes. Generally, the lithographic technique is used for surface patterning concerning sensing signal amplification in molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) thin films. In this paper, we describe the effects of silanized silica molds on sensing the properties of MIP films. Porous imprinted poly(MAA–co–EGDMA) films were lithographically fabricated using silanized or non-treated normal silica replica molds to detect 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide as the standard template. The silanized mold MIP film (st-MIP) (Δf = −1021 Hz) exhibited a better sensing response than the non-treated normal MIP (n-MIP) (Δf = −978 Hz) because the imprinting effects, which occurred via functional groups on the silica surface, could be reduced through silane modification. Particularly, two non-imprinted (NIP) films (st-NIP and n-NIP) exhibited significantly different sensing responses. The st-NIP (Δfst-NIP = −332 Hz) films exhibited lower Δf values than the n-NIP film (Δfn-NIP = −610 Hz) owing to the remarkably reduced functionality against nonspecific adsorption. This phenomenon led to different imprinting factor (IF) values for the two MIP films (IFst-MIP = 3.38 and IFn-MIP = 1.86), which was calculated from the adsorbed 2,4-D mass per poly(MAA–co–EGDMA) unit weight (i.e., QMIP/QNIP). Moreover, it was found that the st-MIP film had better selectivity than the n-MIP film based on the sensing response of analogous herbicide solutions. As a result, it was revealed that the patterned molds’ chemical surface modification, which controls the surface functionality of imprinted films during photopolymerization, plays a role in fabricating enhanced sensing properties in patterned MIP films.
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I. Abdulla, Najwa, and Hamsa M.Yaseen. "Potentiometric Transducers for the Selective Recognition of Risperidone Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 24, no. 2 (March 26, 2017): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol24iss2pp30-40.
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Graphite Coated Electrodes (GCE) based on molecularly imprinted polymers were fabricated for the selective potentiometric determination of Risperidone (Ris). The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and nonimprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized by bulk polymerization using (Ris.) as a template, acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) as monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The imprinted membranes and the non-imprinted membranes were prepared using dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and Dibutylphthalate (DBP) as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The membranes were coated on graphite electrodes. The MIP electrodes using (AA) and (AAm) showed a near nernstian and nernstian response with slopes of 55.2±0.1 and 59.0±0.2 mV/decade, correlation coefficient (r2) 0.9997 and 0.9999, a linear response for a concentration range of (1.0×10-6 - 1.0×10-2) M and (5.0x 10-7 to 1.0 x 10-2) M respectively. The response time of the prepared electrodes was less than 30 seconds. The electrode responses were stable in a pH range (4-8). The electrodes exhibited good selectivity over a wide range of interference. The most effective electrode (Ris-MIP GCE) was used to determine the concentration of (Ris.) in some pharmaceutical formulations. The electrodes could be successfully used within (7and13) weeks respectively without any drift.
Keywords: Ion-selective electrodes, Molecularly imprinted polymer, PVC membrane coated graphite electrode, Risperidone.
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Mahdi, Zahraa, and Yehya Kamal Al-Bayati. "Synthesis New Liquid Electrodes for Determination Lansoprzole Based on a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 10, no. 01 (March 25, 2020): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.v10i1.31.
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Liquid electrodes of Lansoprazole (LP) imprinted polymer was synthesis based on precipitation polymerization mechanism. The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized using LP as a template. By methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a monomer, Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PTA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linkers and benzoyl peroxide (BP) as an initiator. The molecularly imprinted membranes were synthesized using Dimethyl adipate (DMA), Dibutyl phthalate (DBPH), Dioctyl phthalate(DOPH), and Nitrobenzene (NB) as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The slopes and limit of detection of liquid electrodes obtained from the calibration curves ranged from (-17.85– -20.89) mV/decade and 1.8 x 10-5–6.0 x 10-6 M, respectively, and the response time was about 60 seconds. The Liquid electrodes were filled with 10-2 M standard solution of the drug and observed stable response for a pH ranged from 2.0 to 11.0 and with good selectivity for over several species. The fresh electrodes of synthesis were effectively used in the pharmaceutical sample to determine LP without any time-consuming pretreatment measures.
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مهدي1, زهراء, and يحيى كمال البياتي2. "SYNTHESIS NEW LIQUID ELECTRODES FOR DETERMINATION DOMPERIDONE MALEATE BASED ON A MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER." iraqi journal of market research and consumer protection 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc12.2.2020.(9).
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Liquid electrodes of domperidone maleate (DOMP) imprinted polymer were synthesis based on precipitation polymerization mechanism. The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized using DOMP as a template. By methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomer, N,Nmethylenebisacrylamide (NMAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linkers and benzoyl peroxide (BP) as an initiator. The molecularly imprinted membranes were synthesis using acetophenone (APH), di-butyl sabacate (DBS), Di octylphthalate (DOPH) and triolyl phosphate (TP)as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The slopes and limit of detection of liquid electrodes obtained from the calibration curves ranged from (-18.88– -29.01) mV/decade and (4.0 × 10-5 – 6.0 × 10-5) M, respectively and the response time was about 60 seconds. The Liquid electrodes were filled with (10-2 M) standard solution of the drug and observed stable response for a pH ranged from 2.0 to 11.0 and with good selectivity for over several species. The fresh electrodes of synthesis were effectively used in the pharmaceutical sample to determine DOMP without any time consuming pretreatment measures.
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Shen, Hai Xia, Quan De Liu, Jie Qin, and Shi Rong Tang. "Preparation and Recognition Performance of Chloramphenicol Molecularly Imprinted Polymer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.192.
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A new molecularly imprinted polymer, which can be used for selective adsorption of chloramphenicol (CAP) from aqueous solutions, was successfully prepared by precipitation polymerization. The adsorption kinetic curve, adsorption isotherm and selective adsorption were measured by static method. The adsorption kinetics of MIPs for CAP reached the equilibrium at about 11 hours. The maximum adsorption capacity was 43.395 mmol/g, and the MIP has much higher adsorption quantity than NIP. Competitive adsorption studies showed that MIP offers the advantages of selectivity toward CAP compared with NIP in the presence other antibiotics. The results showed that the MIP possessed good specific adsorption capacity and selectivity for CAP.
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BHAWANI, SHOWKAT AHMAD, NURSUHAILAH BINTI SUHAILI, RACHEL MARCELLA ROLAND, SALMA BAKHTIAR, KHALID M. ALOTAIBI, and MOHAMMAD NASIR MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM. "Template Assisted Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Extraction of p-Coumaric Acid." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 9 (2020): 2342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22833.
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In present study, the molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) of p-coumaric acid was synthesized by using p-coumaric acid as a template, acetonitrile as solvent, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, acrylic acid as monomer and 2,2-azobisisobutironitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The synthesized polymers were characterized by FTIR and SEM. The results from SEM revealed that the polymer was in spherical shape with size in micro-range. The binding efficiency of polymers was analyzed by adsorption study. The highest rebinding efficiency for MIP was ~ 80% while for non-imprinted polymer (NIP) it was only 24%.
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Hallil, H., N. Omar Aouled, B. Plano, R. Delépée, L. Agrofoglio, C. Dejous, and D. Rebière. "Love Wave Sensor Based on Thin Film Molecularly Imprinted Polymer: Study of VOCs adsorption." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 9, no. 2 (December 28, 2014): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v9i2.397.
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The overall objective of this work is to develop and to validate a quantitative, non-invasive diagnosis tool to monitor the efficiency of colorectal cancer chemotherapy. This paper deals with the validation of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) thin film’s coating process, allowing high sensitivity of the resulting microsensor. After description of the Love wave sensor and of the MIP coating process, the functionality of the resulting device is proved with electrical characterization. Deep characterization of the thin film - morphology and print effect - is proposed, based on dynamical responses observed under exposure to different vapors. Results point out a good reproducibility of polymeric films. MIP layers increased responses of sensors to vapors by a factor 3 to 4 compared to bare devices or to devices coated with non-imprinted polymer (NIP). For example, exposure to 4000mg/m3 (2126ppm) of ethanol in nitrogen induced a frequency shift of -1.4/-0.4kHz with MIP/NIP-coated sensor, respectively.
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Shumyantseva, V. V., T. V. Bulko, I. Kh Baychorov, and A. I. Archakov. "Molecularly imprinted polymers in electro analysis of proteins." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 61, no. 3 (2015): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20156103325.
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In the review the main approaches to creation of recognition materials capable of competing with biological specific receptors, (polymeric analogs of antibodies or molecularly imprinted polymers, MIP) for the electro analysis of functionally significant proteins such as a myoglobin, troponin T, albumin, human ferritin, calmodulin are considered. The main types of monomers for MIP fabrication, and methods for MIP/protein interactions, such as a surface plasmon resonance (SPR), nanogravimetry with use of the quartz crystal resonator (QCM), spectral and electrochemical methods are discussed. Experimental data on electrochemical registration of a myoglobin using MIP/electrode are presented. For a development of electrochemical sensor systems based on MIPs, o-phenylenediamine (1,2-diaminobenzene was used as a monomer. It was shown that the imprinting factor Imax(MIP)/Imax(NIP), calculated as a myoglobin signal ratio when embedding in MIP to a myoglobin signal when embedding in the polymer received without molecular template (NIP) corresponds 2-4.
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Bakhtiar, Salma, Showkat Ahmad Bhawani, and Syed Rizwan Shafqat. "Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Removal/Extraction of Thymol from Spiked Blood Serum and River water." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 11 (September 28, 2019): 2479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22151.
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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization using thymol as a template molecule, acrylamide as a functional monomer and N,N-methylbisacrylamide as the crosslinker with a non-covalent approach. The polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier-transform infra red spectroscopy(FT-IR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The SEM results depicted that the shape of polymer particles is spherical with uniform size (micro-meters). The BET results also showed better surface area, pore size and pore volume of MIP as compared to non-imprinted polymer (NIP). A series of parameters such as initial concentration, polymer dosage, effect of pH and slectivity with structural analogue were conducted. The selectivity of MIP towards thymol was appreciable as compared to its structural analogue gallic acid with a relative selectivity coefficient of 3.59. Finally, MIP has been successfully used for extraction of thymol from the spiked blood serum (84 %) and river water sample (98 %).
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Fransiska, Excel Aida, and Maria Monica Sianita. "PENGARUH SUHU PADA SINTESIS MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER (MIP) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ADSORPSI KLORAMFENIKOL." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 3 (November 13, 2021): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v10n3.p209-219.
Full textAbstract:
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pada sintesis Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) terhadap kemampuan adsorpsi kloramfenikol serta menganalisis gugus fungsional dari polimer terbaik yang telah dianalisis menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Pada penelitian ini telah dibuat MIP dengan variasi suhu sebesar 60oC, 70oC, dan 80oC menggunakan metode presipitasi dengan kloramfenikol (CAP) sebagai template, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EDGMA) sebagai crosslinker, asam meakriat (MAA) sebagai monomer, asetonitril sebagai porogen, dan Benzoil Peroksida (BPO) sebagai initiator. Perbandingan CAP:MAA:EDGMA adalah 1:3:18 dengan 30 mL porogen asetonitril. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa suhu 80oC menghasilkan nilai Q adsorpsi terbaik yaitu sebesar 4,286 mg/g dengan nilai imprinting factor (IF) sebesar 5,977 dan persen ekstraksi sebesar 96,66%. Karakterisasi FTIR menunjukkan pada Non-Imprinted Polymer (NIP) terdapat serapan gugus -NO2 pada bilangan gelombang 1521.77 cm-1, sedangkan pada MIP dan Polimer Blanko (PB) tidak didapatkan serapan gugus -NO2.
Kata kunci : Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, kloramfenikol, metode presipitasi, suhu
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Chrisnandari, Rosita Dwi. "Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Untuk Kloramfenikol Menggunakan Polimerisasi Fasa Ruah." Journal of Pharmacy and Science 3, no. 1 (January 7, 2018): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v3i1.74.
Full textAbstract:
Kloramfenikol adalah antibiotik yang memiliki aktivitas untuk melawan bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif yang pemakaiannya dibatasi dan diawasi oleh lembaga pemerintahan karena memiliki efek samping yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan. Metode analisis kloramfenikol yang digunakan umumnya kurang selektif dan kurang spesifik terhadap kloramfenikol. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan teknik preparasi sampel berbasis molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) yang dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben selektif dan spesifik terhadap kloramfenikol. MIP disintesis menggunakan kloramfenikol sebagai template, asam metakrilat (MAA) sebagai monomer, etilen glikol dimetakrilat (EGDMA) sebagai cross-linker dan kloroform sebagai porogen dengan perbandingan mol rasio template:monomer:cross-linker sebesar 1:4:20 secara polimerisasi fasa ruah pada suhu 70 ºC selama 11 jam. Elusi template dilakukan melalui ekstraksi pelarut menggunakan metanol:asam asetat 9:1 (v/v). Non-imprinted polymer (NIP) dan polimer kontrol juga disintesis sebagai pembanding. Hasil polimerisasi dikarakterisasi menggunakan fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) dan adsorpsi-desorpsi N2. Spektra FT-IR menunjukkan gugus fungsi spesifik kloramfenikol pada MIP tidak tampak bila dibandingkan dengan spektra NIP. Luas permukaan MIP diketahui sebesar 106,609 m2/g dan 41,860 m2/g untuk polimer kontrol. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa MIP memiliki sisi pengenal yang lebih banyak dan spesifik dibandingkan dengan polimer kontrol. MIP hasil sintesis dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan selektivitas metode analisis kloramfenikol secara kromatografi.Kata kunci: Kloramfenikol, Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP), Polimerisasi Fasa Ruah
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Asman, Saliza, Sharifah Mohamad, and Mohd Kamarulzaki Mustafa. "Sol-gel Approach in Molecular Imprinting for Crystal Violet Selective Recognition." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 7 (July 31, 2021): 1921–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5007-08.
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A limitation of conventional MIP in thermal and mechanical stabilities condition, improper porosity and low adsorption capacity, give a reason to introduce a sol-gel method in molecular imprinting process recently. In this study, a synthesis of new sol-gel molecularly imprinted polymer (SG-MIP) was studied for crystal violet (CV) selective recognition. The control non-molecularly imprinted polymer (SG-NIP) was also synthesized as reference. The preparation of SG-MIP was introduced by a combination of the organic and inorganic mixture. The organic solution included the methacrylic acid, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and benzoyl peroxide which are monomer, crosslinker, and initiator, respectively. The inorganic solution involved the ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol (1:1 v/v). The functional group analysis proved the successful synthesized SG-MIP and SG-NIP. The thermal analysis indicated high thermal stability for SG-MIP and SG-NIP, respectively. The morphology and surface analyses showed the respective different structures, surface, and porosity values between SG-MIP and SG-NIP, which influence the selectivity study and adsorption behaviour of SG-MIP toward CV adsorption. The result verified that the SG-MIP (4.900 mgg-1) has higher adsorption and higher selectivity characteristics compared to SG-NIP (4.432 mgg-1). The equilibrium data of kinetic and isotherm studies for SG-MIP and SG-NIP were well-fitted to the pseudo-second order model (R2 = 0.9997 and R2 = 0.9996) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.9500 and R2 = 0.9764), respectively. The Freundlich isotherm was supported by the Scatchard plot instead of the Langmuir isotherm model.
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Le Noir, M., B. Guieysse, and B. Mattiasson. "Removal of trace contaminants using molecularly imprinted polymers." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 11 (May 1, 2006): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.354.
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This work was conducted to study the potential of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the removal of oestradiol at trace concentrations (1 ppm–1 ppb). An MIP synthesised with 17β-oestradiol as template was compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIP) synthesised under the same conditions but without template, a commercial C18 extraction phase and granulated activated carbon. At 1 ppb oestradiol was recovered by 98±2% when using the MIP, compared to 90±1, 79±1, and 84±2% when using the NIP, a C18 phase, or granulated activated carbon, respectively. According to these levels, the MIP was capable of producing an effluent with a quality 5–10 times higher than the other materials. The same levels of oestradiol recovery were achieved with the MIP when supplying 17β-oestradiol at 0.1 ppm. Phenolic compounds added as interferences bound less to the MIP than to the NIP, confirming the selectivity of the MIP. Oestradiol biodegradation was also demonstrated at high concentrations (50 ppm), showing the pollutants can be safely destructed after being enriched by molecular extraction. This study demonstrates the potential of molecular imprinted polymers as a highly efficient specific adsorbent for the removal of trace contaminants.
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Nagy-Szakolczai, Anett, Zsanett Dorkó, Blanka Tóth, and George Horvai. "New Methods to Study the Behavior of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Aprotic Solvents." Polymers 10, no. 9 (September 12, 2018): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10091015.
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This work presents three new experimental methods for studying molecular imprinting. The electric conductivity measurements of the pre-polymerization mixture of amine templates in an aprotic solvent provide evidence of ionic dissociation of the pre-polymerization complexes. The displacement measurement of the template propranolol from its molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) using a quaternary ammonium ion in toluene, shows that this MIP behaves as an ion exchanger even in a non-polar solvent. The same experiment also shows that template binding to the MIP from toluene involves ionic interaction. The third experimental method introduced here serves to study the models of template binding on MIPs. To this end the binding isotherm of propranolol (PR) has been measured on a polymer mixture consisting of non-imprinted control polymer (NIP) and a stronger binding acidic polymer, respectively. All three methods are suitable for studying several other imprinting systems.
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Yang, Ya-Jun, Xi-Wang Liu, Xiao-Jun Kong, Zhe Qin, Zeng-Hua Jiao, Shi-Hong Li, and Jian-Yong Li. "Preparation and Evaluation of Oseltamivir Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Silica Gel as Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase." Molecules 23, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081881.
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To improve the chromatographic performance of an oseltamivir (OS) molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), silica gel coated with an MIP layer for OS (OSMIP@silica gel) was prepared by the surface molecular imprinting technology on the supporter of porous silica gel microspheres. A nonimprinted polymer with the silica gel (NIP@silica gel) was also prepared for comparison. The obtained particles were characterized through FT–IR, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area analysis, and porosity measurements. The results indicated that the polymer was successfully synthesized and revealed the structural differences between imprinted and nonimprinted polymers. The results of static adsorption experiments showed that adsorption quantity of the OSMIP@silica gel for OS was higher than that for NIP@silica gel, and the OSMIP@silica gel had two kinds of affinity sites for OS but the NIP@silica gel had one. The chromatographic performance of the OSMIP@silica gel column had significant improvement. The imprinting factor of the OSMIP@silica gel column for OS was 1.64. Furthermore, the OSMIP@silica gel column showed good affinity and selectivity for template OS and another neuraminidase inhibitor, peramivir, but not for quinocetone. These results indicated that the prepared OSMIP could be used to simulate the activity center of neuraminidase, and the OSMIP@silica gel column could be also employed in future studies to search for more active neuraminidase inhibitor analogues from traditional Chinese herbs.
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Zhong, Wei Min, Zheng Ping Wang, Yan Zhou, and Pan Pan Guo. "Study on the Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Materials for Removing the Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) in Water." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.706.
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Molecular imprinting has been considered as one of the most useful techniques for the preparation of specific receptors. In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted material (MIP) has been developed by combining PFOS as the template with soluble polybenzimidazole which wrapped over the surface of ferroferric oxide as the carrier. Kinetics experimental showed MIP had a sorption amount of 117.6mg/g for PFOS, high than 74.6mg/g of the none-imprinted polymer adsorbents（NIP）. Additionally, in the competitive environment with other pollutants, the sorption amount of PFOS for MIP is greater than NIP, due to the electrostatic interaction in recognizing the target compound.
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Guzzella, L., F. Pozzoni, and C. Baggiani. "Synthesis and characterization of a propazine imprinted polymer for the extraction of triazines herbicides." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.812.
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A MIP (molecularly imprinted polymer) was synthesized and evaluated for its use as sorbent for solid phase extraction (MISPE) of common used triazines (atrazine and terbuthylazine) and their widespread metabolites (desethyl-atrazine and desethyl-terbuthylazine) in water samples. MIP was produced by bulk polymerisation using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, propazine as template and toluene as porogen solvent. Different washing methods of the synthesized polymer were evaluated. Soxhlet extraction provided the best results with a residual concentration of propazine, ranging from 0.78 to 2.86 μg for 1 g of polymer. Capacity factor was calculated using a 5 cm HPLC column filled with MIP and NIP (Not Imprinted Polymer): data extrapolation indicated a log Kw of 4.3 for MIP and a log Kw of 3.5 for NIP. Also frontal analyses confirmed a different behaviour of the two polymers. By comparing the recovery efficiency of MIP with that of traditional LiChrolut EN cartridge in the extraction of a River Po water sample, the results confirmed the reliability of this new technique for the analysis of herbicide compounds.
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Regasa, Melkamu Biyana, Olu Emmanuel Femi, Tesfaye Refera Soreta, Praveen C. Ramamarthy, and Saravanan Kumaran. "Development of Melamine Electrochemical Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Conducting Polyanilne-Oxalic Acid Blend as a Molecular Recognition Element." Nano Hybrids and Composites 29 (June 2020): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.29.61.
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In the present work, oxalic acid doped molecularly imprinted conducting polyaniline film for melamine detection was prepared by in-situ-electrochemical polymerization on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using melamine as template. The optimal monomer/template molar ratio was attained to be 0.2:0.1:0.01 (aniline: oxalic acid: melamine) and molecular recognition properties towards melamine were evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions the imprinted polymer film was used to detect different concentrations of melamine in standard solutions and real milk samples. Compared with the nonimprinted polymer (NIP), the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film showed higher affinity and sensitivity towards melamine with a linear range, quantification limit and detection limit of 0.5-200 nM, 1.375 nM and 0.413 nM respectively. Furthermore, the polymer blend film showed good selectivity toward melamine, stability, reproducibility and practical applications for the determination of melamine in infant formula milk with the recovery of 92.32-102.49%. The doping of the polymer with oxalic acid enhanced the conductivity and sensitivity of the sensor.
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Mpayipheli, Neliswa, Anele Mpupa, and Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo. "Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Solid Phase Extraction of Acetaminophen from Water Samples Prior to HPLC-DAD Determination." Separations 8, no. 10 (October 19, 2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8100194.
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In the present study, acetaminophen (ACT) molecularly imprinted polymer (ACT-MIP) were successfully synthesized via surface imprinting polymerization. The structural and morphological properties of ACT-MIP were characterized using various analytical techniques. ACT-MIP were used as an adsorbent in a vortex-assisted dispersive molecularly imprinted solid-phase micro-extraction (VA-d-μ-MISPE), coupled with a high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for the determination of ACT in water samples. Influential parameters such as the mass of adsorbent, vortex speed, extraction time, desorption volume, and desorption time were optimized using a multivariate approach. Under optimum conditions, the maximum binding capacities of ACT-MIP and NIP (non-imprinted polymers) were 191 mg/g and 71.5 mg/g, respectively. The linearity was attained across concentrations ranging from 0.630 to 500 µg/L, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9959. For ACT-MIP, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), enhancement factor, and precision of the method were 0.19 ng/L, 0.63 ng/L, 79, and <5%, respectively. The method was applied in the analysis of spiked water samples, and satisfactory percentage recoveries in the range of 95.3–99.8% were obtained.
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Azizi, Emi Shaqiza, Mohd Noor Ahmad, A. K. M. Shafiqul Islam, Dahyar Arbain, and Iqmal Tahir. "POROGEN EFFECT TOWARDS THE QUALITY OF CURCUMIN IMPRINTED POLYMER." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 3 (December 20, 2011): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21381.
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Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is gaining importance in separation technology. In this study, curcumin has been selected as template in MIP which can be applied as sorbent materials in solid-phase extraction (SPE). Effect of porogen on the quality of curcumin-MIP is very sensitive depends on the molecular size and polarity of the porogen. We varied three solvents as the porogen i.e. tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform (CHCl3) and acetonitrile (MeCN). The MIP was prepared using non-covalent approach through bulk polymerization and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) as control, also prepared using the same procedure in the absence of template. The largest imprinting factor, 1.27 was obtained from polymer P1 at ratio 1:4 of template: functional monomer. The P1 was prepared using methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as porogen with the highest average pore diameter i.e. 618.43 nm trough gas adsorption analysis. This will lead to better access of curcumin during batch binding analysis.
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Asni, Neli Kartika, and Maria Monica Sianita. "PENGARUH JUMLAH CROSSLINKER TERHADAP PERSEN EKSTRAKSI PADA SINTESIS MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK KLORAMFENIKOL THE EFFECT OF CROSSLINKER AMOUNT TO THE PERCENT EXTRACTION IN MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER SYNTHESIS AS AN ADSORBEN." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 3 (November 29, 2020): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v9n3.p179-188.
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Kloramfenikol (CAP) adalah salah satu antibiotik yang sering digunakan karena berspektrum luas dan ketersediaannya yang mudah, tetapi dalam penggunaan jangka panjang dapat meninggalkan residu pada jaringan atau organ bahkan suatu produk makanan. Residu yang tertinggal dalam konsentrasi rendah memerlukan teknik pemekatan yang sesuai sebelum dianalisis menggunakan instrument High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Salah satu teknik pemekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis sampel berkonsentrasi rendah adalah menggunakan MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer). MIP disintesis melalui polimerisasi template, monomer, dan crosslinker dengan suatu porogen. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan variasi jumlah mol ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) sebagai crosslinker dengan CAP sebagai template, asam metakrilat (MAA) sebagai monomer, dan asetonitril sebagai porogen menggunakan metode presipitasi serta dilakukan karakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FT-IR. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan komposisi terbaik dari jumlah EGDMA terhadap persen ekstraksi serta menganalisis keberadaan gugus NO2 dari polimer terbaik yang dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FT-IR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mol crosslinker mempengaruhi persen ekstraksi dan komposisi terbaik antara CAP:MAA:EGDMA yaitu 1:3:18 yang menghasilkan persen ekstraksi paling tinggi yaitu 67,14%. Dari hasil karakterisasi FT-IR menunjukkan bahwa MIP masih mengandung CAP ditandai dengan munculnya serapan gugus –NO2 yang tidak tajam pada bilangan gelombang 1357,07 cm-1. Serapan gugus –NO2 pada NIP (Non Imprinted Polymer)terlihat tajam pada bilangan gelombang 1520,30 cm-1 dan 1377,76 cm-1serta spektra PB (Polimer Blanko) tidak terdapat serapan gugus –NO2 karena tidak mengandung kloramfenikol.
Kata kunci : Kloramfenikol, Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, metode presipitasi
Chloramphenicol (CAP) is one of antibiotics that’s often be used because of its broad spectrum and easy availability, but in long-term use it can leave residue in tissues or organs and even on a food product. Residues left in low concentrations require an appropriate preconcentration technique before being analyzed using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument. One of preconcentration technique that can be used is using MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer). MIP is synthesized through polymerization of templates, monomers, and crosslinkers with a porogen. This research used variations in the number of moles of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker with CAP as a template, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer, and acetonitrile as porogen using the precipitation method and characterization using FT-IR instruments. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect and the best composition of the amount of EGDMA to the percent extraction and analyze the presence of –NO2 groups of the best polymers that were characterized using FT-IR instruments. The results showed that the moles number of crosslinkers affected the percent extraction and the best composition between CAP: MAA: EGDMA is 1: 3: 18 which produces the highest percent extraction at 67,14%. The FT-IR characterization results show that MIP still contains a CAP marked by the weakened uptake of the –NO2 group at wave number 1357.07 cm-1. The uptake of the –NO2 group at NIP (Non Imprinted Polymer) was strong at wave numbers 1520.30 cm-1 and 1377.76 cm-1, and PB (Blank Polymer) spectra there’s no uptake of the -NO2 group because it doesn’t contain chloramphenicol.
Key words: Chloramphenicol, Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, precipitation method
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Omidvar, Amir Hossein, Atena Amanati Shahri, Ariana Lacorte Caniato Serrano, Jonas Gruber, and Gustavo Pamplona Rehder. "A Highly Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP)-Coated Microwave Glucose Sensor." Sensors 22, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 8648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228648.
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A novel, low-cost, sensitive microwave microfluidic glucose detecting biosensor incorporating molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is presented. The sensing device is based on a stub resonator to characterize water glucose solutions. The tip of one of the stubs is coated with MIP to increase the selectivity of the sensor and hence the sensitivity compared to the uncoated or to the coated with non-imprinted polymer (NIP) sensor. The sensor was fabricated on a FR4 substrate for low-cost purposes. In the presence of the MIP, the sensor loaded with a glucose solution ranging from 50 mg/dL to 400 mg/dL is observed to experience an absorption frequency shift of 73 MHz when the solutions flow in a microfluidic channel passing sensing area, while the lower limit of detection (LLD) of the sensor is discovered to be 2.4 ng/dL. The experimental results show a high sensitivity of 1.3 MHz/(mg/dL) in terms of absorption frequency.
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Baghel, Anuradha, Akula Bhuvaneswari, Virendra Vikram Singh, Mannan Boopathi, and Beer Singh. "Synthesis and Characterisation of Ligand Free Cadmium Imprinted Polymer for Sensing of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution." Defence Life Science Journal 4, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.4.14180.
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Cadmium(II)-imprinted polymer [Cd(II)-IIP] was synthesized without using the conventional complexing ligand to reduce unnecessary step for complexing Cd(II). During synthesis of Cd(II)-IIP, the complete removal of Cd(II) from the polymer was confirmed using EDAX and AAS. Synthesized polymers ([Cd(II)-IIP], non-imprinted polymer (NIP) and polymer with cadmium (CdP) were also characterized and compared. SEM analysis of Cd(II)-IIP indicated the changes in surface morphology after imprinting, the polymer looked like a flaky material in comparison with NIP and CdP. BET surface area of Cd(II)-IIP (68 m2/g) was found to be more than that of NIP (24.6 m2/g) and CdP (17 m2/g). Cd(II)-IIP formed a complex with Cd(II) in the solution through carbonyl oxygen of the acrylamide as confirmed by FTIR. TGA analysis showed less char yield for Cd(II)-IIP than NIP. Cd(II)-IIP was further explored for the fabrication of ion selective electrode (ISE), which on binding with Cd(II) gave higher potential than NIP-ISE. Interference study was also performed using Cd(II)-IIP as such and also with fabricated ISE with Cd(II)-IIP using different cations such as Pb(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Hg(II), and found that imprinted polymer showed more selectivity towards Cd(II) in aqueous solutions.
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Zhuang, Hai Yan, Hui Zhi Li, and Yang Xue. "Synthesis, Characterization and Selective Recognition of Lead Using a New Ion Imprinted Polymer Material." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.688.
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A new ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) material was synthesized by copolymerization of 4-vinylpyridine(VP) as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA) as crosslinking agent and 2,2΄-azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN) as initiator in the presence of Pb–1,5-diphenylcarbazone(Pb-DHCB) complex. Blank non-imprinted polymer (NIP) were prepared under identical conditions without the use of lead imprint ion. The synthesized polymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analyzer techniques. Of the several polymers synthesized, only the imprinted polymer formed with binary complex of Pb2+–DHCB showed quantitative enrichment of lead ion from aqueous solution. The relative standard deviation of the five replicate determinations of Pb (II) was3.26%. The detection limit for 150 mL of sample was 1.6 µg L-1 using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace lead in environmental samples with satisfactory results.
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Larpant, Nutcha, Yaneenart Suwanwong, Somchai Boonpangrak, and Wanida Laiwattanapaisal. "Exploring Matrix Effects on Binding Properties and Characterization of Cotinine Molecularly Imprinted Polymer on Paper-Based Scaffold." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030570.
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Commercially available sorbent materials for solid-phase extraction are widely used in analytical laboratories. However, non-selective binding is a major obstacle for sample analysis. To overcome this problem, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were used as selective adsorbent materials prior to determining target analysts. In this study, the use of non-covalent molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for cotinine adsorption on a paper-based scaffold was studied. Fiberglass paper was used as a paper scaffold for cotinine-selective MIP adsorption with the use of 0.5% agarose gel. The effects of salt, pH, sample matrix, and solvent on the cotinine adsorption and extraction process were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the adsorption isotherm of synthesized MIPs increased to 125.41 µg/g, whereas the maximum adsorption isotherm of non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) was stable at 42.86 µg/g. The ability of the MIP paper scaffold to absorb cotinine in water medium was approximately 1.8–2.8-fold higher than that of the NIP scaffold. From Scatchard analysis, two dissociation constants of MIPs were calculated to be 2.56 and 27.03 µM. Nicotine, myosmine, and N-nitrosonornicotine were used for selectivity testing, and the calculated selectivity factor of cotinine to nicotine, myosmine, and N-nitrosonornicotine was 1.56, 2.69, and 2.05, respectively. Overall, the MIP paper scaffold is promising for simple onsite sampling of cotinine and can be used to assess tobacco smoke exposure.
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Listiadi, Eucharistia Oktavia Firda, and Maria Monica Sianita. "PENGARUH VARIASI KOMPOSISI EKSTRAKTAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ADSORPSI KLORAMFENIKOL MENGGUNAKAN MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER (MIP)." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 3 (November 13, 2021): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v10n3.p337-347.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi komposisi ekstraktan metanol:asam asetat dengan variasi 90:10(v/v), 85:15(v/v), dan 80:20(v/v) pada sintesis Molecularly Imprinted Polymer- Kloramfenikol (MIP-CAP). MIP-CAP diperoleh dari (Non Imprinted Polymer) NIP yang telah melalui proses ekstraksi template. Ekstraksi template menggunakan metode maserasi dan dianalisis menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) untuk menentukan CAP terekstrak. Variasi komposisi ekstraktan terbaik ditentukan berdasarkan % ekstraksi dan kemampuan adsorpsi. Karakterisasi polimer MIP-CAP dilakukan dengan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) untuk melihat keberadaan gugus –NO2. Pada penelitian dihasilkan komposisi ekstraktan metanol:asam asetat terbaik adalah 80:20 (v/v) (20% asam asetat) dengan perolehan % ekstraksi sebesar 89,5158% dan kemampuan adsorpsi sebesar 4,0725 mg/g dengan nilai Imprinting Factor (IF) sebesar 3,7369. Semakin tinggi penambahan asam asetat menyebabkan semakin tingginya % ekstraksi dan nilai kemampuan adsorpsi. Karaterisasi FTIR pada MIP-CAP menunjukkan tidak adanya serapan gugus -NO2.
Kata kunci: CAP, MIP-CAP, Komposisi Ekstraktan
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Kaya, S. Irem, Goksu Ozcelikay, Canan Armutcu, and Sibel A. Ozkan. "An Ultra-Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Poly(Aniline) Based Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Bisphenol A in Synthetic Human Serum Specimen and Plastic Bottled Water Samples." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 017506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac49cb.
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We explain the development of an ultra-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for rapid and selective determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in human serum and water samples. Electropolymerization of functional monomer aniline was performed in the presence of BPA by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to prepare a molecularly imprinted poly(aniline) based GCE sensor (MIP(ANI)/GCE). The developed MIP surface was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The MIP(ANI)/GCE sensor showed a highly sensitive performance with a linear range of 1.0 and 8.0 × 10−15 M. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 0.193 and 0.643 fM, respectively. The applicability of the MIP(ANI)/GCE was assessed by applying it to human serum and plastic bottled water samples. The LOD and LOQ values were calculated as 0.257 and 0.856 fM for the serum sample. Imprinting factor and interference studies were also carried out using similarly structured compounds and the most common interfering agents showing the selectivity of the MIP(ANI)/GCE sensor. Finally, the non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-based sensor was prepared to control the MIP(ANI)/GCE performance.
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Konishi, Atsuko, Shigehiko Takegami, and Tatsuya Kitade. "Construction and Studies of Histamine Potentiometric Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 6 (August 13, 2020): 788–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411015666190613165529.
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Objective: Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP)-modified potentiometric sensors for histamine (HIS) (as denoted as HIS sensor) have been developed. Methods: The MIPs comprise HIS, Methacrylic Acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the template molecule, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. To examine the specificity of the MIP to HIS, the MIP particles were prepared with varying ratios of HIS: MAA and the HIS binding amount toward the MIP particles was determined by UV spectrophotometry. Furthermore, to quantitatively determine the ability of MIP (H2M20) to HIS, a HIS sensor was measured using Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode. Results: MIP particles having a HIS:MAA of 2 mmol:20 mmol (MIP (H2M20)) had the largest HIS binding amount among the MIP particles prepared. Additionally, MIP (H2M20) displayed a HIS binding amount approximately two times larger than the corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP) particles in the absence of template. The HIS sensor potential change increased as a function of HIS concentration and exhibited a near-Nernstian response of −25.7 mV decade−1 over the HIS concentration range of 1×10−5 to 1×10−4 mol L−1 with a limit of detection of 9.6×10−6 mol L−1. From the Nernstian response value, it was observed that the HIS sensor could detect the di-protonated HIS binding to the MIP. Conversely, when comparing at the same HIS concentration, the potential response value of the sensors fabricated using NIP particles were significantly smaller than the values of the corresponding HIS sensor. Conclusion: The MIP-modified potentiometric sensors can potentially be employed as an analytical method to quantitatively determine various analytes.
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Mendes, João P., Luís C. C. Coelho, Pedro A. S. Jorge, and Carlos M. Pereira. "Differential Refractometric Biosensor for Reliable Human IgG Detection: Proof of Concept." Biosensors 12, no. 7 (July 12, 2022): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12070515.
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A new sensing platform based on long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) for direct, fast, and selective detection of human immunoglobulin G (IgG; Mw = 150 KDa) was developed and characterized. The transducer’s high selectivity is based on the specific interaction of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) design for IgG detection. The sensing scheme is based on differential refractometric measurements, including a correction system based on a non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-coated LPFG, allowing reliable and more sensitive measurements, improving the rejection of false positives in around 30%. The molecular imprinted binding sites were performed on the surface of a LPFG with a sensitivity of about 130 nm/RIU and a FOM of 16 RIU−1. The low-cost and easy to build device was tested in a working range from 1 to 100 nmol/L, revealing a limit of detection (LOD) and a sensitivity of 0.25 nmol/L (0.037 µg/mL) and 0.057 nm.L/nmol, respectively. The sensor also successfully differentiates the target analyte from the other abundant elements that are present in the human blood plasma.
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Sianita, Maria Monica, and Magdalena Butar Butar. "PENGARUH JUMLAH CROSSLINKER PADA SINTESIS MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER (MIP) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ADSORPSI KLORAMFENIKOL." Unesa Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 1 (February 11, 2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v11n1.p18-25.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah crosslinker terhadap kemampuan adsorpsi Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP)-Kloramfenikol (CAP) yang dianalisis menggunakan instrumen High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) dan mengidentifikasi gugus fungsional –NO2 pada polimer dengan variasi jumlah crosslinker terbaik menggunakaan instrumen Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Dalam penelitian ini, MIP disintesis dengan menggunakan CAP sebagai template, etilen glikol dimetakrilat (EGDMA) sebagai crosslinker, asam metakrilat (MAA) sebagai monomer, benzoil peroksida (BPO) sebagai inisiator, dan asetonitril sebagai porogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi jumlah crosslinker mempengaruhi kemampuan adsorpsi MIP dengan komposisi antara CAP: MAA: EGDMA yaitu 1:3:18 menghasilkan kemampuan adsorpsi terbesar yakni 2,2 mg/g dengan persen ekstraksi sebesar 66,11%. Hasil identifikasi gugus fungsional dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa NIP terdapat gugus –NO2 pada bilangan gelombang 1524,27 cm-1 sedangkan pada MIP tidak terdeteksi gugus –NO2 karena sebagian besar CAP telah berhasil diekstrak, serta PB yang dibuat sebagai polimer kontrol tanpa penambahan template CAP.
Kata kunci : Kloramfenikol, Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, Crosslinker, Kemampuan Adsorpsi
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Abd, Fatma N., Yehya Kamal Al-Bayati, and Baker A. Joda. "Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for estimation of Aspirin by Using Different Functional Monomers." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 9, no. 04 (December 25, 2019): 660–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.9.4.24.
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We have created a new technique with high sensitivity, low price, and high stability. This technique is based on a molecularly impressed polymer (MIP) using a functional monomer called methyl methacrylic acid (MAA) and styrene. Appropriate cross-linker and aspirin (AS) template to produce monolithic solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) fiber. Also, a polymer was created without selective binding locations, which was called a non-imprinted polymer (NIP). (SPME) all these analytical techniques used for the extraction, preconcentration, and selective determination of aspirin (AS) and its derivatives with Uv-vis double beam spectrophotometer. The firmness, stability, and durability of the manufactured fiber offer it its essential position in SPME. Specimens were obtained from Aspirin devices Analytic testing was conducted using UV-vis and Electron Microscopy Scanning (SEM) and FTIR. The relative normal deviations (RSD percent) for four drug-repeated studies for three readings are a range of (at 30-60 ppm AS) percent (1.20-3.61). The comparative recoveries (93.63-99.71) acquired for AS are within the range.
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Qi, Meng, Kongyin Zhao, Qiwen Bao, Peng Pan, Yuwei Zhao, Zhengchun Yang, Huiquan Wang, and Junfu Wei. "Adsorption and Electrochemical Detection of Bovine Serum Albumin Imprinted Calcium Alginate Hydrogel Membrane." Polymers 11, no. 4 (April 4, 2019): 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040622.
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In this paper, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-imprinted calcium alginate (CaAlg) hydrogel membrane was prepared using BSA as a template, sodium alginate (NaAlg) as a functional monomer, and CaCl2 as a cross-linker. The thickness of the CaAlg membrane was controlled by a glass rod enlaced with brass wires (the diameter was 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mm). The swelling properties of the CaAlg membranes prepared with different contents of NaAlg were researched. Circular dichroism indicated that the conformation of BSA did not change during the preparing and eluting process. The thinner the CaAlg hydrogel membrane was, the larger the adsorption capacity and the higher the imprinting efficiency of the CaAlg. The maximum adsorption capacity of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and non-imprinted CaAlg hydrogel membrane (NIP) was 38.6 mg·g−1 and 9.2 mg·g−1, respectively, with an imprinting efficiency of 4.2. The MIP was loaded on the electrode to monitor the selective adsorption of BSA by voltammetry curve.
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Erk, Nevin, Mohammad Mehmandoust, and Mustafa Soylak. "Electrochemical Sensing of Favipiravir with an Innovative Water-Dispersible Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based on the Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework: Comparison of Morphological Effects." Biosensors 12, no. 9 (September 19, 2022): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12090769.
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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are widely used as modifiers in electrochemical sensors due to their high sensitivity and promise of inexpensive mass manufacturing. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel MIP-sensor that can measure the electrochemical activity of favipiravir (FAV) as an antiviral drug, thereby enabling quantification of the concentration of FAV in biological and river water samples and in real-time. MOF nanoparticles’ application with various shapes to determine FAV at nanomolar concentrations was described. Two different MOF nanoparticle shapes (dodecahedron and sheets) were systematically compared to evaluate the electrochemical performance of FAV. After carefully examining two different morphologies of MIP-Co-Ni@MOF, the nanosheet form showed a higher performance and efficiency than the nanododecahedron. When MIP-Co/Ni@MOF-based and NIP-Co/Ni@MOF electrodes (nanosheets) were used instead, the minimum target concentrations detected were 7.5 × 10−11 (MIP-Co-Ni@MOF) and 8.17 × 10−9 M (NIP-Co-Ni@MOF), respectively. This is a significant improvement (>102), which is assigned to the large active surface area and high fraction of surface atoms, increasing the amount of greater analyte adsorption during binding. Therefore, water-dispersible MIP-Co-Ni@MOF nanosheets were successfully applied for trace-level determination of FAV in biological and water samples. Our findings seem to provide useful guidance in the molecularly imprinted polymer design of MOF-based materials to help establish quantitative rules in designing MOF-based sensors for point of care (POC) systems.
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Masykur, Abu, Sri Juari Santosa, Dwi Siswanta, and Jumina Jumina. "Synthesis of Pb(II) Imprinted Carboxymethyl Chitosan and the Application as Sorbent for Pb(II) Ion." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 14, no. 2 (July 25, 2014): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21252.
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The aims of this research is to synthesize Pb(II) imprinted polymers with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as polymers and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) as cross-linker (Pb-IIP). Chitosan (CTS), non imprinted polymer (NIP) and Pb-IIP were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer (SAA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The result showed that the adsorption was optimum at pH 5 and contact time of 250 min. Adsorption of Pb(II) ion with all of adsorbents followed pseudo-second order kinetic equation. Adsorption of Pb(II) ion on CTS followed Freundlich isotherm while that on NIP and Pb-IIP followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorbent of Pb-IIP give higher capacity than the NIP and CTS. Adsorption capacity of Pb-IIP, NIP and CTS were 167.1, 128.9 and 76.1 mg/g, respectively. NIP gave higher adsorption selectivity for Pb(II)/Ni(II) and Pb(II)/Cu(II), whereas Pb-IIP showed higher adsorption selectivity for Pb(II)/Cd(II).The hydrogen bonding dominated interaction between Pb(II) ion on NIP and Pb-IIP.
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Hepokur, Ceylan, Hesna Nursevin Öztop, and Dursun Saraydin. "Synthesis of New Molecular Imprinted Polymer for Highly Recognition of Cholic Acid." Acta Chemica Iasi 26, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 123–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/achi-2018-0009.
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Abstract In this study, molecular imprinted polymers for highly selective recognition of cholic acid, which is a bile acid, were prepared. Acrylamide, methacrylic acid, methacrylamide were chosen as monomer for the production of molecularly imprinted polymers. Functional monomers were polymerized with various crosslinkers; ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), 1,4-butanediol diacrylate (BUT), trimethylpropane triacrylate (TMT) with target molecule (MIP-EGDMA, MIP-BUT and MIP TMT) and various MIPs were prepared. The cholic acid was removed from MIP with a suitable method. NIP polymers were synthesized without cholic acid (NIPEGDMA, NIP-BUT and NIP-TMT). For the characterization of synthesized polymers FTIR, DSC, TGA, SEM analyses were used. The parameters that affect the adsorption of target species on polymers such as temperature, pH, and concentration were evaluated. The selectivity and reusability studies were also investigated. It is concluded that MIPs showed better adsorption capacity than NIPs for all solvents for cholic acid. The adsorption sequencing is MIP-TMT > MIP-BUT > MIP EGDMA. The maximum adsorption achieved with ethyl alcohol. The adsorption of cholic acid varies with chancing pH for all produced MIPs and NIPs. It is concluded that the adsorption of cholic acid is not affected by the temperature. The adsorption of cholic acid is followed as L type from Giles adsorption isotherms. The thermodynamic parameters are proved the physical nature of adsorption process. The studies conducted with deoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid that is homolog to cholic acid showed that produced MIPs are highly selective for cholic acid.
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Nkosi, S., P. Mahlambi, and L. Chimuka. "Synthesis, characterisation and optimisation of bulk molecularly imprinted polymers from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs." South African Journal of Chemistry 76 (2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/0379-4350/2022/v76a09.
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The scope of this study was to synthesise and characterise the multi-template molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and to use target compounds, naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, fenoprofen and gemfibrozil as templates so as to achieve all maximum extraction efficiency for all compounds. These compounds are a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) generally used by humans, as they have pain-relieving activities. MIPs are cross-linked polymeric materials that display high binding capacity and selectivity towards templates of interest. The synthesis consisted of a bulk polymerisation process at 60 °C by using NSAIDs as multi-templates, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), 2-vinyl pyridine (2VP) and toluene as cross-linker, functional monomer and porogen, respectively. Nonimprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesised in a similar manner with the omission of the templates. Characteristics of the polymers were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). An adsorption method of NSAIDs using the bulk polymerised MIP was investigated under various pH, mass, concentration and time conditions. Other parameters included adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms. Uptake of NSAIDs from an aqueous medium was achieved with 40 mg of MIP at pH 4.0 within 10 min of contact time. The extraction efficiencies achieved for NSAIDs in aqueous solutions ranged from 90–98% for all compounds tested. The adsorption capacity obtained for MIP ranged from 1.230–1.249 mg g−1 and 0.90–1.136 mg g−1 for NIP, whereas the selectivity values ranged from 1.12–2.4. A kinetic study revealed that adsorption obeys a second-order rate, and the Langmuir model explains adsorption isotherm data. This work showed that the multi-template approach for all the target compounds has the potential to give maximum extraction efficiencies in MIP extraction systems from aqueous samples.
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Raad, Marwa, Khalaf Farris Alsamarrai, and Yehya Kamal Al-Bayati. "Synthesis, Characterization of Chlropheniramine maleate– Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Their Application as Sensors for the Determination of the Drug in Some Pharmaceutical Preparations." Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science 30, no. 3 (December 28, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/30.3.1601.
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New chlropheniramine maleate (CPM) selective electrochemical membranes were prepared by using chlropheniramine maleate -molecularly imprinted polymers. MIP was prepared by bulk polymerization using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker and a benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator at 600C. Three CPM-MIP electrodes were constructed by using tri-tolyl Phosphate (ToCP), tris (2- ethyl hexyl) Phosphate (TEHP) and tributyl Phosphate (TBP) as plasticizers in PVC matrix.Electrode parameters including slopes, working concentrations ph. The interference effect in the presence of (Na+, Mg+2, Al+3, Glycine, Alanine, Arginine and Phenylalanine) was studied using the separated and mixed methods to determine the selectivity coefficient determination. NIP prepared by using the same composition of MIP molecularly imprinted polymer electrodes except the template (CPM). The slopes of CMPMIP are 21.00, 21.50 and 19.08 mV/ decade, linearity range for the electrodes around. (10-5 10-1) M, the stable at a pH range from 4.0 to 8.5 and lifetime ranged from 30 to 10 days. The suggested electrodes were successfully applied for the determine of CPM in some pharmaceutical preparations, which were given acceptable accuracy.
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Poliwoda, Anna, Małgorzata Mościpan, and Piotr P. Wieczorek. "Application of Molecular Imprinted Polymers for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Bisphenol A." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 651–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2016-0046.
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Abstract Selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with bisphenol A as template were synthesized using the non-covalent imprinting approach. MIPs were prepared using thermally initiated polymerization with 1,1’-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitryle) (ACHN) as initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a cross-linking agent. The tested functional monomers included methacrylic acid, acrylamide, and 4-vinylpyridine. The selectivity of the BPA-MIP for the solid phase extraction of bisphenol A was tested in samples containing other related alkylphenols. The polymers prepared in acetonitrile using methacrylic acid or acrylamide as monomer showed the highest selectivity towards target analyte (the selectivity ratio 8:1, respectively for MIP and NIP). The proposed procedure has been proven to be an effective for selective extraction of bisphenol A in aqueous samples (recoveries over 85%) enabling detection and quantification limits of 25 and 70 μg/dm3, respectively based on 10 cm3 of sample volume, with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 6%. The obtained molecularly imprinted material showed interesting properties for selective extraction and preconcentration of studied analyte from large volumes of aqueous samples without any problems of cartridge clogging.