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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-invasive images

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Academic literature on the topic 'Non-invasive images'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-invasive images"

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Gupta, Ambuj, Yajur Shridhar, Gayathri Mohan, and Shubham Tyagi. "Image Processing Based Non-Invasive Health Monitoring in Civil Engineering." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 1163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47550.

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Abstract: It has been observed that millions of dollars are being invested on highway/subway tunnel maintenanceand restoration all over the globe. But this cost can be minimized if the detection of cracks will be found as earlieras possible. As the restoration process depends on the type of cracks, it is important to plan the required steps to be taken for repairing the destruction caused as earlier as possible. Initially we need to capture very transparent images of the roads/concrete infrastructures as the detection process will depend on those images. The device usedfor scanning and capturing the images of the concrete infrastructures or roads must be configured for picturing high resolution images. After processing the image acquired, it is easier to extract information about the cracks found. Depending on this information, the images could be classified using some decision-making algorithm. Thisprocedure can be implemented on images acquired by any objects or vehicles carrying image sensing terminal, laser distance sensor, image storage and processing servers, central control system and speed sensor. The accuracydepends on the image’s quality and accurate capture.

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Fatemah Memon, Hijab, Suraiya Hirani, Jaweria Yousfani, Reema Aslam, Sehar Mushtaque, and Iqra Memon. "Enamel Demineralization and Remineralization Detection Using Non-invasive Optical Imaging." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211592766.

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Introduction: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), is one of the most emerging diagnostic imaging technique. It is capable of producing 3D images using optical scattering media. The fast signal acquisition quality has made it a promising tool to detect early in vivo and in vitro lesions. The aim of this study was to reproduce previous demineralization results and to detect remineralization using OCT. Methodology: Bovine enamel discs were used thoroughly in this study. The study was done using the flow cell for detecting demineralization and remineralization following 96 hours demineralization and 192 hours remineralization. A time lapse monitoring was done and the lesions were assessed visually. ImageJ software was used to process the images produced through OCT. The lesion depth and intensity was measured across the images produced which helped in assessing the difference between remineralization and demineralization. Results: OCT B-scan images result in increased backscattering light which is considered the main principle to measure lesion depth and mineral loss. Whereas, in remineralization decreased band of light appeared with reduction in porosity during mineral precipitation. The results for remineralization were diverse and could not be assessed. Conclusion: OCT is favorable technique to detect demineralization and remineralization but it still needs a lot of improvement especially regarding remineralization there are limitations which need to be improved.

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Kale, Shruti, Reema Kharat, Sagarika Kalyankar, Sangita Chaudhari, and Apurva Shinde. "Automated Non-invasive Skin Cancer Detection using Dermoscopic Images." ITM Web of Conferences 40 (2021): 03044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20214003044.

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Skin Cancer is resulting from the growth of the harmful tumour of the melanocytes the rates are rising to another level. The medical business is advancing with the innovation of recent technologies; newer tending technology and treatment procedures are being developed. The early detection of skin cancer can help the chance of increase in its growth in other parts of body. In recent years, medical practitioners tend to use non invasive Computer aided system to detect the skin cancers in early phase of its spreading instead of relying on traditional skin biopsy methods. Convolution neural network model is proposed and used for early detection of the cancer, and it type. The proposed model could classify the dermoscopic images into correct type with accuracy 91.2%.

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Agrawal, Neelam, Bikesh Kumar Singh, and Kesari Verma. "Non-invasive technique of diabetes detection using iris images." International Journal of Computational Vision and Robotics 9, no. 4 (2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcvr.2019.10022856.

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Verma, Kesari, Bikesh Kumar Singh, and Neelam Agrawal. "Non-invasive technique of diabetes detection using iris images." International Journal of Computational Vision and Robotics 9, no. 4 (2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcvr.2019.101537.

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Rodriguez-Lozano, Francisco J., Fernando León-García, M. Ruiz de Adana, Jose M. Palomares, and J. Olivares. "Non-Invasive Forehead Segmentation in Thermographic Imaging." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 22, 2019): 4096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194096.

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The temperature of the forehead is known to be highly correlated with the internal body temperature. This area is widely used in thermal comfort systems, lie-detection systems, etc. However, there is a lack of tools to achieve the segmentation of the forehead using thermographic images and non-intrusive methods. In fact, this is usually segmented manually. This work proposes a simple and novel method to segment the forehead region and to extract the average temperature from this area solving this lack of non-user interaction tools. Our method is invariant to the position of the face, and other different morphologies even with the presence of external objects. The results provide an accuracy of 90% compared to the manual segmentation using the coefficient of Jaccard as a metric of similitude. Moreover, due to the simplicity of the proposed method, it can work with real-time constraints at 83 frames per second in embedded systems with low computational resources. Finally, a new dataset of thermal face images is presented, which includes some features which are difficult to find in other sets, such as glasses, beards, moustaches, breathing masks, and different neck rotations and flexions.

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Li, Ming Jian, Jia Han Guo, Zheng Yu, Lei Yan, and Ning Han. "Non-Invasive Image Processing Method for Detecting Seed Vigor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 2134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.2134.

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With the development of technology, the agricultural industry has become far more efficient and mechanization. In this paper, image processing method was adopted to detect the changes in seeds temperature, aiming at discovering the laws in seed germination. Oak seeds were selected as samples. The method can be divided into two steps----image segmentation, data extraction and analysis. 32400 images for 90 seeds were captured, and the changing curve of seeds temperature was described based on the images we collected. The result showed that the method was available to capture the changes of seeds temperature during its germination. Even, further research aiming at distinguishing seeds vigor by temperature information, is of great value.

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Kajinami, K., N. Takekoshi, and H. Mabuchi. "Images in cardiology. Non-invasive detection of quadricuspid aortic valve." Heart 78, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.78.1.87.

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Leech, Michelle, John Gaffney, and Laure Marignol. "Improving non-invasive detection of prostate cancer using diffusion-weighted MRI." Advances in Modern Oncology Research 2, no. 6 (December 13, 2016): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/amor.v2.i6.152.

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Prostate cancer represents 11% of all cancers in the European Union and 9% of all cancer deaths. Standard MRI for prostate cancer includes high-resolution T2-weighted images, which allow for the assessment of the prostate and the tumour, as tumours arising from the peripheral zone appear dark compared to the expected normally bright peripheral gland tissue. Over the past number of years, the application of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) has progressed to include both diagnostic and prognostic roles in oncology. DW-MRI images should be analysed together with the T2-weighted images and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Science Direct for relevant journal articles and reviews published up until April 2015 using the search terms “functional MRI” OR “multiparametric MRI” OR “MRSI” AND “diagnosis” AND “prostate cancer” OR “prostate”. The literature indicates that DW-MRI is an important parameter in the identification of prostate cancer. It has the ability to improve sensitivity and specificity, relative to T2-weighted images alone, and has been demonstrated to correlate with tumour grade.

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Mazzeo, Pier Luigi, Christian Libetta, Paolo Spagnolo, and Cosimo Distante. "A Siamese Neural Network for Non-Invasive Baggage Re-Identification." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6110126.

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Baggage travelling on a conveyor belt in the sterile area (the rear collector located after the check-in counters) often gets stuck due to traffic jams, mainly caused by incorrect entries from the check-in counters on the collector belt. Using suitcase appearance captured on the Baggage Handling System (BHS) and airport checkpoints and their re-identification allows for us to handle baggage safer and faster. In this paper, we propose a Siamese Neural Network-based model that is able to estimate the baggage similarity: given a set of training images of the same suitcase (taken in different conditions), the network predicts whether the two input images belong to the same baggage identity. The proposed network learns discriminative features in order to measure the similarity among two different images of the same baggage identity. It can be easily applied on different pre-trained backbones. We demonstrate our model in a publicly available suitcase dataset that outperforms the leading latest state-of-the-art architecture in terms of accuracy.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-invasive images"

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Dhinagar, Nikhil J. "Non-Invasive Skin Cancer Classification from Surface Scanned Lesion Images." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366384987.

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Meng, Goh Chuan. "Estimation de profondeur de veine sous-invasive non invasive utilisant une imagerie multispectrale et des images de réflectance diffuses." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK081.

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L'estimation de la profondeur des veines sous-cutanées a été un sujet de recherche important ces dernières années en raison de son importance dans l'optimisation de pose de cathéters, de perfusions et plus généralement de ponctions veineuses. Par le passé, diverses techniques et systèmes de visualisation des veines ont été proposés, cependant le manque d'information sur la profondeur de la veine limite les possibilités pour une automatisation de la ponction veineuse ; le geste clinique restant dans de nombreux cas tributaire des compétences ou de l'expérience des cliniciens. Plusieurs techniques ont été proposées pour estimer la profondeur de la veine en utilisant la réflectance diffuse dont le principe repose sur la mesure de rapport de densité optique (ODR). Le concept de mesure de la profondeur des veines à l'aide de la technique ODR mérite d'être appliqué dans le monde réel en raison de son faible coût, de ses propriétés non invasives et du fait qu'il s'agit d'une technique de mesure sans contact avec la peau. Les travaux initiaux de Nishidate et. Al. [1] ont montré sur fantôme des résultats prometteurs. Cependant, une telle expérience peut ne pas être suffisante pour prouver son application pour la mesure in vivo en raison du manque d'expérience pour les données réelles. Par conséquent, ce travail de thèse a été commencé pour améliorer le modèle proposé par Nishidate et. Al. et l'élargir pour mesurer l'estimation in vivo de la profondeur de la veine sur de vrais patients. Le système proposé intègre de nouveaux composants tels qu'un algorithme de segmentation des veines, une méthode d'estimation plus précise du contenu en mélanine (Cm) et une conception matérielle entièrement nouvelle avec des composants stables. Les résultats obtenus par ODR ont été comparés à des données fournies par une machine Ultrason médicale. Les résultats de l'expérience montrent une corrélation de Pearson forte de 0,843 par rapport aux données échographiques et prouvent que le système développé est fiable pour la mesure in vivo de la profondeur de la veine. En outre, il est proposé d'utiliser un filtre de segmentation de veine optimal (filtre adapté) dans le système d'imagerie pour permettre une segmentation et par la suite une mesure de la profondeur automatique
The estimation of subcutaneous vein depth has been an important research topic in recent years due to its importance in optimizing the intravenous (IV) access of venipuncture. Various techniques and system of vein visualization were proposed to improve the vein viewing, but the lack of vein depth information limits the system performance in assisting the IV access; thus, the IV access in many cases remains dependent on skill or experience of the clinicians. Several techniques were proposed to estimate the vein depth using diffuse reflectance of which the optical density ratio (ODR) technique is the most complete solution. The concept of measuring the veins depth using ODR based technique is deserved to be applied in the real-world due to its low cost, non-invasive properties and from the fact that it is a non-skin contact measurement technique. Nishidate et. al. [1] suggested an optimum conditions to measure the vein depth and thickness by using ODR which was supported by experiment with customized tissue-like agar gel phantom. However, such experiment may not be sufficient to prove its application for in vivo measurement due to the lack of experiment for real data. Therefore, this thesis work was first started to improve the proposed model by Nishidate et. al. and expand it to measure the in vivo estimation of vein depth on real patients. The proposed system incorporates new components such as an autonomous vein segmentation algorithm, a more accurate estimation method for melanin content (Cm) and a fully new hardware design with reliable parts. Importantly, the experiment estimate the vein depth on real patients as well as a through comparison with Ultrasound data. The experiment results show a strong Pearson correlation of 0.843 as compared to Ultrasound data and this evidence that the developed system is works for the in vivo measurement of vein depth. Besides that, an optimum vein filter (matched filter) is proposed to be used in the imaging system to preserve the most accurate vein detection and allow the system to produce the results with least detection error. The selection of the optimum vein filter has laid an important platform from which to obtain the accurate vein segmentation of a NIR image

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Soltani, Mariem. "Partitionnement des images hyperspectrales de grande dimension spatiale par propagation d'affinité." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S099/document.

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Les images hyperspectrales suscitent un intérêt croissant depuis une quinzaine d'années. Elles fournissent une information plus détaillée d'une scène et permettent une discrimination plus précise des objets que les images couleur RVB ou multi-spectrales. Bien que les potentialités de la technologie hyperspectrale apparaissent relativement grandes, l'analyse et l'exploitation de ces données restent une tâche difficile et présentent aujourd'hui un défi. Les travaux de cette thèse s'inscrivent dans le cadre de la réduction et de partitionnement des images hyperspectrales de grande dimension spatiale. L'approche proposée se compose de deux étapes : calcul d'attributs et classification des pixels. Une nouvelle approche d'extraction d'attributs à partir des matrices de tri-occurrences définies sur des voisinages cubiques est proposée en tenant compte de l'information spatiale et spectrale. Une étude comparative a été menée afin de tester le pouvoir discriminant de ces nouveaux attributs par rapport aux attributs classiques. Les attributs proposés montrent un large écart discriminant par rapport à ces derniers et par rapport aux signatures spectrales. Concernant la classification, nous nous intéressons ici au partitionnement des images par une approche de classification non supervisée et non paramétrique car elle présente plusieurs avantages: aucune connaissance a priori, partitionnement des images quel que soit le domaine applicatif, adaptabilité au contenu informationnel des images. Une étude comparative des principaux classifieurs semi-supervisés (connaissance du nombre de classes) et non supervisés (C-moyennes, FCM, ISODATA, AP) a montré la supériorité de la méthode de propagation d'affinité (AP). Mais malgré un meilleur taux de classification, cette méthode présente deux inconvénients majeurs: une surestimation du nombre de classes dans sa version non supervisée, et l'impossibilité de l'appliquer sur des images de grande taille (complexité de calcul quadratique). Nous avons proposé une approche qui apporte des solutions à ces deux problèmes. Elle consiste tout d'abord à réduire le nombre d'individus à classer avant l'application de l'AP en agrégeant les pixels à très forte similarité. Pour estimer le nombre de classes, la méthode AP utilise de manière implicite un paramètre de préférence p dont la valeur initiale correspond à la médiane des valeurs de la matrice de similarité. Cette valeur conduisant souvent à une sur-segmentation des images, nous avons introduit une étape permettant d'optimiser ce paramètre en maximisant un critère lié à la variance interclasse. L'approche proposée a été testée avec succès sur des images synthétiques, mono et multi-composantes. Elle a été également appliquée et comparée sur des images hyperspectrales de grande taille spatiale (1000 × 1000 pixels × 62 bandes) avec succès dans le cadre d'une application réelle pour la détection des plantes invasives
The interest in hyperspectral image data has been constantly increasing during the last years. Indeed, hyperspectral images provide more detailed information about the spectral properties of a scene and allow a more precise discrimination of objects than traditional color images or even multispectral images. High spatial and spectral resolutions of hyperspectral images enable to precisely characterize the information pixel content. Though the potentialities of hyperspectral technology appear to be relatively wide, the analysis and the treatment of these data remain complex. In fact, exploiting such large data sets presents a great challenge. In this thesis, we are mainly interested in the reduction and partitioning of hyperspectral images of high spatial dimension. The proposed approach consists essentially of two steps: features extraction and classification of pixels of an image. A new approach for features extraction based on spatial and spectral tri-occurrences matrices defined on cubic neighborhoods is proposed. A comparative study shows the discrimination power of these new features over conventional ones as well as spectral signatures. Concerning the classification step, we are mainly interested in this thesis to the unsupervised and non-parametric classification approach because it has several advantages: no a priori knowledge, image partitioning for any application domain, and adaptability to the image information content. A comparative study of the most well-known semi-supervised (knowledge of number of classes) and unsupervised non-parametric methods (K-means, FCM, ISODATA, AP) showed the superiority of affinity propagation (AP). Despite its high correct classification rate, affinity propagation has two major drawbacks. Firstly, the number of classes is over-estimated when the preference parameter p value is initialized as the median value of the similarity matrix. Secondly, the partitioning of large size hyperspectral images is hampered by its quadratic computational complexity. Therefore, its application to this data type remains impossible. To overcome these two drawbacks, we propose an approach which consists of reducing the number of pixels to be classified before the application of AP by automatically grouping data points with high similarity. We also introduce a step to optimize the preference parameter value by maximizing a criterion related to the interclass variance, in order to correctly estimate the number of classes. The proposed approach was successfully applied on synthetic images, mono-component and multi-component and showed a consistent discrimination of obtained classes. It was also successfully applied and compared on hyperspectral images of high spatial dimension (1000 × 1000 pixels × 62 bands) in the context of a real application for the detection of invasive and non-invasive vegetation species

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Florea, Ioana. "Pet parametric imaging of acetylcholine esterase activity without arterial blood sampling in normal subjects and patients with neurovegetative disease." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425120.

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The development of a method for a reliable quantification of 11C-MP4A PET images without arterial input function at pixel level in order to study acetylcholine esterase activity (AChE) is of clinical interest for the diagnosis of dementia and memory disorders. Two groups of subjects, normal control group (4 subjects - NC group) and Alzheimer disease group (7 subjects - AD group) participated for the study. AChE activity can be quantify by using a reference input function derived from region having a very high metabolism by AChE and a three-rate constant compartmental model. In order to obtain, at pixel level, accurate and precise estimates of model parameters in both low and moderate enzymatic expression regions, a novel method based on the use of the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) Bayesian estimator has been developed. This method was compared to other approaches already published for quantification of AChE activity: 1) the method based on the use of a linear least squares (RLS) analysis; 2) the RRE method based on a simplification of the model structure; 3) the RRE_BF method which consider a basis function approach for RRE procedure; 4) the method R_NLLS based on a non linear least squares estimator. AChE activity was measured in terms of the rate constant for hydrolysis of 11C-MP4A, k3. Striatum (basal ganglia) was used as reference region based on its very high AChE activity. Parametric images of k3 obtained with MAP from areas with different levels of AChE activity were compared between groups and respect to the k3 estimates obtained with the other mathematical approaches. Despite the small group of subjects, the methods (RLS; RRE, RRE_BF, R_NLLS, MAP,) used to generate k3 parametric image were able to detect a reduction on AChE activity in neocortex of AD patients respect to NC. However, only MAP allows to quantify k3 in region with moderate enzyme expression like thalamus and brainstem. The different performance of the five estimation methods has an impact in the statistical significance of k3 differences. In fact, only the MAP method shows significant differences in thalamus and brainstem that are in good agreement with published study.

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Belem, Brahima. "Non-invasive wound assessment by image analysis." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409107.

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Sharp, Angela. "Assessment of putative markers for non-invasive detection of bladder cancer /." Assessment of putative markers for non-invasive detection of bladder cancerRead the abstract of the thesis, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16763.pdf.

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Alonso-Caneiro, David. "Non-invasive assessment of tear film surface quality." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41737/1/David_Alonso-Caneiro_Thesis.pdf.

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The tear film plays an important role preserving the health of the ocular surface and maintaining the optimal refractive power of the cornea. Moreover dry eye syndrome is one of the most commonly reported eye health problems. This syndrome is caused by abnormalities in the properties of the tear film. Current clinical tools to assess the tear film properties have shown certain limitations. The traditional invasive methods for the assessment of tear film quality, which are used by most clinicians, have been criticized for the lack of reliability and/or repeatability. A range of non-invasive methods of tear assessment have been investigated, but also present limitations. Hence no “gold standard” test is currently available to assess the tear film integrity. Therefore, improving techniques for the assessment of the tear film quality is of clinical significance and the main motivation for the work described in this thesis. In this study the tear film surface quality (TFSQ) changes were investigated by means of high-speed videokeratoscopy (HSV). In this technique, a set of concentric rings formed in an illuminated cone or a bowl is projected on the anterior cornea and their reflection from the ocular surface imaged on a charge-coupled device (CCD). The reflection of the light is produced in the outer most layer of the cornea, the tear film. Hence, when the tear film is smooth the reflected image presents a well structure pattern. In contrast, when the tear film surface presents irregularities, the pattern also becomes irregular due to the light scatter and deviation of the reflected light. The videokeratoscope provides an estimate of the corneal topography associated with each Placido disk image. Topographical estimates, which have been used in the past to quantify tear film changes, may not always be suitable for the evaluation of all the dynamic phases of the tear film. However the Placido disk image itself, which contains the reflected pattern, may be more appropriate to assess the tear film dynamics. A set of novel routines have been purposely developed to quantify the changes of the reflected pattern and to extract a time series estimate of the TFSQ from the video recording. The routine extracts from each frame of the video recording a maximized area of analysis. In this area a metric of the TFSQ is calculated. Initially two metrics based on the Gabor filter and Gaussian gradient-based techniques, were used to quantify the consistency of the pattern’s local orientation as a metric of TFSQ. These metrics have helped to demonstrate the applicability of HSV to assess the tear film, and the influence of contact lens wear on TFSQ. The results suggest that the dynamic-area analysis method of HSV was able to distinguish and quantify the subtle, but systematic degradation of tear film surface quality in the inter-blink interval in contact lens wear. It was also able to clearly show a difference between bare eye and contact lens wearing conditions. Thus, the HSV method appears to be a useful technique for quantitatively investigating the effects of contact lens wear on the TFSQ. Subsequently a larger clinical study was conducted to perform a comparison between HSV and two other non-invasive techniques, lateral shearing interferometry (LSI) and dynamic wavefront sensing (DWS). Of these non-invasive techniques, the HSV appeared to be the most precise method for measuring TFSQ, by virtue of its lower coefficient of variation. While the LSI appears to be the most sensitive method for analyzing the tear build-up time (TBUT). The capability of each of the non-invasive methods to discriminate dry eye from normal subjects was also investigated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to assess the ability of each method to predict dry eye syndrome. The LSI technique gave the best results under both natural blinking conditions and in suppressed blinking conditions, which was closely followed by HSV. The DWS did not perform as well as LSI or HSV. The main limitation of the HSV technique, which was identified during the former clinical study, was the lack of the sensitivity to quantify the build-up/formation phase of the tear film cycle. For that reason an extra metric based on image transformation and block processing was proposed. In this metric, the area of analysis was transformed from Cartesian to Polar coordinates, converting the concentric circles pattern into a quasi-straight lines image in which a block statistics value was extracted. This metric has shown better sensitivity under low pattern disturbance as well as has improved the performance of the ROC curves. Additionally a theoretical study, based on ray-tracing techniques and topographical models of the tear film, was proposed to fully comprehend the HSV measurement and the instrument’s potential limitations. Of special interested was the assessment of the instrument’s sensitivity under subtle topographic changes. The theoretical simulations have helped to provide some understanding on the tear film dynamics, for instance the model extracted for the build-up phase has helped to provide some insight into the dynamics during this initial phase. Finally some aspects of the mathematical modeling of TFSQ time series have been reported in this thesis. Over the years, different functions have been used to model the time series as well as to extract the key clinical parameters (i.e., timing). Unfortunately those techniques to model the tear film time series do not simultaneously consider the underlying physiological mechanism and the parameter extraction methods. A set of guidelines are proposed to meet both criteria. Special attention was given to a commonly used fit, the polynomial function, and considerations to select the appropriate model order to ensure the true derivative of the signal is accurately represented. The work described in this thesis has shown the potential of using high-speed videokeratoscopy to assess tear film surface quality. A set of novel image and signal processing techniques have been proposed to quantify different aspects of the tear film assessment, analysis and modeling. The dynamic-area HSV has shown good performance in a broad range of conditions (i.e., contact lens, normal and dry eye subjects). As a result, this technique could be a useful clinical tool to assess tear film surface quality in the future.

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Hillergren, Pierre. "Towards non-invasive Gleason grading of prostate cancer using diffusion weighted MRI." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172808.

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Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer diagnosis in men. This project aimed to help in characterization and treatment planning of prostate cancer by producing a Gleason grading probability based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In a study, from which this project received the patient data, the patients were first imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a 3T positron emission tomography MRI (PET/MRI) scanner. The prostates were surgically removed and placed in a patient specific mold. While inside the mold, the prostates were imaged using the same scanner, producing ex-vivo images of the prostates. Lastly the prostates were cut in histopathology slices and Gleason graded by a pathologist. To get correlation between ADC and Gleason grade all images needed to be correctly related to each other. This was done by three image registrations, which was the main part of this project. The histopathology slices were first registered to the ex-vivo images of the prostate, and then to the in-vivo T2-weighted images. The in-vivo T2w images were matched to images depicting the diffusion of water in the prostates, known as ADC-maps. The ADC-values were collected and matched to their possible Gleason grade. Information from 149 images were used, which came from 22 different patients. 3D pixels, known as voxels, with a corresponding Gleason grade annotation measured a lower average ADC-value. These voxels also showed more variation with a larger standard deviation. Furthermore, these voxels measured a larger range of ADC-values compared to voxels without a corresponding Gleason grade, but the probability of a Gleason grade was mainly seen for ADC-values below 1200 mm2/s. Filtering the ADC-map before collecting the information showed less spread in measurements, and larger total probability of Gleason grade annotation for lower ADC-values. To test the validity of the result a movement of the Gleason grade map was used to simulate registration errors. No large impact was observed for small movements but more obvious change for large. The results indicate this method as promising in predicting regions with a probability for Gleason grade of 3 or 4, however it was less accurate in separating the two. Gleason 5 showed very low probability, mainly as a result of the low sample size since only two patients had such tumors. Further research with better optimized filtering is recommended in the future.

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Wang, Shaobai. "Development and application of a non invasive image matching method to study spine biomechanics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44851.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-92).
Research on spine biomechanics is critical to understand pathology such as degenerative changes and low back pain. However, current study on in-vivo spine biomechanics is limited by the complex anatomy and invasive methodology. Modem clinical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance and fluoroscope images, which are widely accessible nowadays, have the potential to study in-vivo spine biomechanics accurately and non-invasively. This research presents a new combined magnetic resonance and fluoroscope imaging matching method to study human lumbar vertebral kinematics and disc deformation during various physiologic functional activities. Validation and application of this method as well as discussion of its performance and applicability are detailed herein.
by Shaobai Wang.
S.M.

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Randall, D. "Towards a non-invasive diagnostic aid for abdominal adhesions using dynamic MRI and image processing." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19141/.

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This work presents a strategy for detection of abdominal adhesions based on cine-MRI data, image processing and the production of a ‘sheargram’. Abdominal adhesions are a common complication of abdominal surgery and can cause serious morbidity. Diagnosis is difficult and often one of exclusion. A conclusive diagnosis typically requires laparoscopic explorative surgery, which itself may cause further adhesions. A non-invasive means of diagnosis is preferred and likely to aid patient management. Cine-MRI can capture the motion of the abdominal structures during respiration and has shown promise for adhesion detection. However, such images are difficult and time consuming to interpret. A previous PhD considered augmenting cine-MRI by quantifying movement for detection of gross adhesive pathology. This thesis presents a refined image processing approach aimed at detection of more subtle adhesions to the abdominal wall. In the absence of adhesive pathology, the abdominal contents (bowels, kidneys, liver) slide smoothly against the perimeter of the abdominal cavity – a process termed visceral slide. An adhesion is expected to produce a localised resistance that inhibits smooth visceral sliding. In this PhD, development of a 2D technique to quantify sliding around the perimeter of the abdominal cavity (with particular emphasis on the abdominal wall) sought to highlight regions of reduced sliding. Segmentation and image registration were employed to quantify movement and shear, the latter used as an analogue for sliding. The magnitude of shear over all frames in the dynamic MR image sequence was extracted and displayed as a colour plot over the MR image for anatomical context. This final output is termed a ‘sheargram’. Suitability of the technique for diagnosis was assessed through a series of experimental tests and correlation with clinical data. The latter involved a retrospective pilot study incorporating data from 52 patients scanned for suspected adhesions. A total of 141 slices were processed and reported. The validation experiments confirmed the technique had the attributes to accurately and reproducibly report sliding and demonstrated proof of concept for detection of adhered regions. The pilot study confirmed the sheargram matched expert clinical judgement in the vast majority of cases (>84%) and detected >93% of all adhesions. However, the investigation also highlighted limitations, principally structures moving out of the imaging plane creates a fundamental problem and requires a 3D imaging solution. In conclusion, the work has produced encouraging results and merits further development.

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Books on the topic "Non-invasive images"

1

Stergios, Stergiopoulos, ed. Advanced signal processing: Theory and implementation for sonar, radar, and non-invasive medical diagnostic systems. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Marzec, Mariusz, and Robert Koprowski, eds. Non-Invasive Diagnostic Methods - Image Processing. IntechOpen, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76952.

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Badakhshi, Harun. Image-Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery: High-Precision, Non-invasive Treatment of Solid Tumors. Springer, 2018.

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Badakhshi, Harun. Image-Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery: High-Precision, Non-invasive Treatment of Solid Tumors. Springer, 2016.

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Badakhshi, Harun. Image-Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery: High-Precision, Non-Invasive Treatment of Solid Tumors. Springer London, Limited, 2016.

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Stergiopoulos, Stergios. Advanced Signal Processing: Theory and Implementation for Sonar, Radar, and Non-Invasive Medical Diagnostic Systems, Second Edition. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Galiuto, L., R. Senior, and H. Becher. Contrast echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0007.

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Contrast echocardiography is a non-invasive, well tolerated echocardiographic technique which employs ultrasound contrast agent in order to improve the quality of echocardiographic images, by enhancing blood flow signal.Clinical usefulness of this echocardiographic imaging modality resides in the possibility of providing better acoustic signal in cases of poor quality images, with additional important information related to assessment of myocardial perfusion. Indeed, about one-third of echocardiographic images are affected by poor quality due to high acoustic impedance of the chest wall of the patients secondary to obesity or pulmonary diseases, not allowing detection of left ventricular endocardial border. Moreover, in patients with low ejection fraction and apical left ventricular aneurysm, intraventricular thrombus could be undetectable with standard echocardiography. Furthermore, coronary microcirculation cannot be assessed by standard echocardiography. Contrast echocardiography can be performed in all such conditions to improve diagnostic power of echocardiography.The adjunctive role of contrast echocardiography is well defined in both rest and stress echocardiography in order to detect the endocardial border and intraventricular thrombi, to accurately measure ejection fraction, wall motion, and to assess myocardial perfusion.The purpose of this chapter is to explain basic principles, feasibility, safety, major clinical applications, current indications, and further developments of contrast echocardiography.

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Andrade, Maria João, and Albert Varga. Stress echocardiography: methodology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0012.

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Stress echocardiography is the combination of echocardiography with a physical, pharmacological, or electrical stress. Good quality images are absolutely necessary and a quad-screen format should be applied for comparative analysis. Different stress echo protocols can be used in different pathologies. Exercise echocardiography has the advantages of its wide availability, low cost, and versatility for the assessment of various cardiac conditions. The most usual pathologies are suspected or known ischaemic heart disease, mitral and aortic valve diseases, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Among exercise-independent stresses, dobutamine and dipyridamole are the most frequently used. Dobutamine is widely accepted for the evaluation of myocardial viability. The two tests have comparable accuracy for the detection of coronary artery disease. Ergonovine echo is highly feasible, accurate, and safe for the diagnosis of coronary vasospasm. High-rate pacing is especially appropriate in patients with a permanent pacemaker because non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease in these patients is an extremely difficult task.

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Chappell, Michael, Bradley MacIntosh, and Thomas Okell. Introduction to Perfusion Quantification using Arterial Spin Labelling. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793816.001.0001.

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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unique in being a completely non-invasive method for imaging perfusion in the brain. Relying upon a blood-borne tracer that is created by the MRI scanner itself, ASL is becoming a popular tool to study cerebral perfusion, as well as how this perfusion changes in response to neuronal activity or in disease. This primer provides an introduction to perfusion quantification using ASL MRI, focusing both on the methods needed to extract perfusion-weighted images and on how to quantify perfusion and other hemodynamic parameters. Starting with the simplest implementation of ASL, the primer details all the common acquisition methods, as well as the subsequent analysis steps required to quantify perfusion in an individual, detect changes in perfusion in response to neural activity or pharmacological intervention, and examine perfusion variations across groups of individuals. This is supported with examples from real data illustrating all the major steps in the analysis process, linked to online material where the reader can undertake the same analysis for themselves.

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Advanced Signal Processing: Theory and Implementation for Sonor, Radar, and Non-Invasive Medical Diagnostic Systems, Second Edition (Electrical Engineering & Applied Signal Processing). 2nd ed. CRC, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-invasive images"

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Ferdousi, Rahatara, Nabila Mabruba, Fedwa Laamarti, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, and Chunsheng Yang. "Non-invasive Anemia Detection from Conjunctival Images." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 189–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22061-6_14.

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Shaju, Abheet, Ansh Shah, Garima Iyer, Pranav Pandya, and Vinaya Sawant. "Non-Invasive Anemia Detection Using Images Acquired from Smartphone Camera." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 803–13. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3951-8_61.

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Dedhiya, Ronak, Siva Teja Kakileti, Kanchana Gopinath, Agbogah Edem, Bismark Donkor, Abdulai Mahmood Seidu, Simon K. Attah, Christopher L. King, Nicholas Opoku, and Geetha Manjunath. "Non-invasive Thermal Imaging for Estimation of the Fecundity of Live Female Onchocerca Worms." In Artificial Intelligence over Infrared Images for Medical Applications and Medical Image Assisted Biomarker Discovery, 102–10. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19660-7_10.

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Lanzarone, Ettore, Ferdinando Auricchio, Michele Conti, and Anna Ferrara. "Bayesian Estimation of the Aortic Stiffness based on Non-invasive Computed Tomography Images." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16238-6_12.

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Gumulski, Jakub, Marta Jankowska, and Dominik Spinczyk. "Non-invasive Measurement of Human Pulse Based on Photographic Images of the Face." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 455–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09135-3_38.

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Lupsor, M., R. Badea, C. Vicas, S. Nedevschi, H. Stefanescu, M. Grigorescu, C. Radu, and D. Crisan. "Non-invasive Steatosis Assessment through the Computerized Processing of Ultrasound Images: Attenuation versus First Order Texture Parameters." In IFMBE Proceedings, 184–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22586-4_40.

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Lungu, A., J. Wild, Andy Swift, David Capener, David Kiely, and D. R. Hose. "Automatic, Simultaneous, Non-invasive Measurements of Flow and Area in the Human Pulmonary Arteries from MRI Images." In International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology; 5th – 7th June 2014, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, 259–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07653-9_53.

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Gillam, Linda D., and Sofia Shames. "Quality Control: Equipment and Laboratory Structure; Image Acquisition, Review and Analysis; Study Reporting." In Quality Evaluation in Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging, 331–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28011-0_28.

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Mostapha, M., M. F. Casanova, G. Gimel’farb, and A. El-Baz. "Towards Non-invasive Image-Based Early Diagnosis of Autism." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 160–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24571-3_20.

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Han, Lianghao, Michael Burcher, and J. Alison Noble. "Non-invasive Measurement of Biomechanical Properties of in vivo Soft Tissues." In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention — MICCAI 2002, 208–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45786-0_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-invasive images"

1

Fuster, Saul, Farbod Khoraminia, Umay Kiraz, Neel Kanwal, Vebjorn Kvikstad, Trygve Eftestol, Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon, Emiel A. M. Janssen, and Kjersti Engan. "Invasive Cancerous Area Detection in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Whole Slide Images." In 2022 IEEE 14th Image, Video, and Multidimensional Signal Processing Workshop (IVMSP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivmsp54334.2022.9816352.

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Aarav, Shaurya, and Jason W. Fleischer. "Non-invasive, Depth-resolved Imaging through Scattering Media." In Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cosi.2022.cm3a.7.

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Kumar, K. Vignesh, and R. Periyasamy. "Development of a non-invasive non-contact optical device for estimating TcB in Neonates." In 2020 Sixth International Conference on Bio Signals, Images, and Instrumentation (ICBSII). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbsii49132.2020.9167612.

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Duarte, Marta, Victor Coch, Jovania Dias, Silvia Botelho, Nelson Duarte, and Paulo Drews. "Thermographic Non-Invasive Inspection Modelling of Fertilizer Pipelines Using Neural Networks." In 2020 33rd SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sibgrapi51738.2020.00045.

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Otoya, Paulo E. Linares, and Sixto R. Prado Gardini. "Real-Time Non-Invasive Leaf Area Measurement Method using Depth Images." In 2020 IEEE ANDESCON. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/andescon50619.2020.9271993.

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Okada, Shima, Yuko Ohno, Goyahan, Kumi Kato-Nishimura, Ikuko Mohri, and Masako Taniike. "Examination of non-restrictive and non-invasive sleep evaluation technique for children using difference images." In 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2008.4649956.

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Milner, Thomas E., Sergey A. Telenkov, B. Samuel Tanenbaum, J. Stuart Nelson, and Dennis M. Goodman. "Non-Invasive Evaluation of Biological Materials Using Pulsed Photothermal Tomography." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0817.

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Abstract Progress is reported on the development of pulsed photothermal tomography (PPT) for determination of the initial three-dimensional temperature increase in biological materials immediately following pulsed laser irradiation. PPT uses a fast infrared focal plane array (IR-FPA) to detect temperature rises in a substrate, induced by pulsed radiation. The temperature rise, due to the selective optical absorption of pulsed laser light, creates an increase in infrared emission that is measured by a fast IR-FPA. A tomographic reconstruction algorithm computes the initial space-dependent temperature increase in subsurface chromophores from a time sequence of recorded infrared emission images. We present tomographic reconstructed images of laser heated blood vessels in the in-vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model.

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Gannot, I., Gandjbakhche AH, Gannot G, Fox PC, Koch H, and Bonner RF. "Non-invasive Technique for the Diagnosis of Diseased Salivary Glands in situ." In Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy and Diagnostics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bosd.1996.dr3.

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A simulation experiment for 3-D imaging exogenous fluorescinated antibodies that specifically bind to infiltrating lymphocytes in minor salivary glands was carried out. Rhodamine targets embedded in a Delrin disk were covered by Delrin slabs of various thickness. Surface images were obtained for a different target depths and radial distances from laser excitation to target fluorophore. These images were analyzed and compared to theoretical calculations using previously determined scattering and absorption coefficients of the Delrin. Good agreement between experiments and theory was achieved.

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Subashini, M. Monica, and V. Indra Gandhi. "An efficient non-invasive method for brain tumor grade analysis on MR images." In TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2017.8228041.

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Piresa, Luiz F., Ricardo Alarcon, Phil Cole, Andres J. Kreiner, and Hugo F. Arellano. "Soil Crust Changes due to Wetting and Drying Analyzed by Non-Invasive Images." In VIII LATIN AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3480241.

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Reports on the topic "Non-invasive images"

1

Author, Unknown. DTRS56-02-T-0005 Digital Mapping of Buried Pipelines with a Dual Array System. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011943.

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The technical goal of the Dual Array Project was to develop new technology for non-invasive mapping of buried pipelines, down to depths of 10 meters or more, using modern electromagnetic sensors and signal processing. A major proposed innovation in the work was the integration of the sensor arrays and software into a mobile system capable of mapping underground utility networks (and other buried infrastructure) efficiently over large areas. Ultimately, the goal is to have a non-invasive system that can produce an accurate infrastructure map of an entire urban or suburban utility network in digital form. This goal requires the development of new geophysical remote sensing technologies to create underground images down to the depths of most buried utilities in the United States and the development of software to extract features from the images to create digital maps that can be archived electronically - for example, in Geographic Information Systems. Key components of each of these goals were developed and demonstrated during the Dual-Array Project.

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