Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis'

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Published: 10 December 2022
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Journal articles on the topic "Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis"

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Singh, B. M., D. M. Jackson, R. Wills, J. Davies, and P. H. Wise. "Delayed diagnosis in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus." BMJ 304, no. 6835 (May 2, 1992): 1154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.304.6835.1154.

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Pishdad, G. R. "Age at Diagnosis of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Southern Iran." Journal of International Medical Research 23, no. 5 (September 1995): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059502300509.

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To obtain an estimate of the age at onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in southern Iran, the medical records of the confirmed diabetic patients who attended the diabetes and endocrine clinics in southern Iran from March 1984 to February 1993 were reviewed. The case records of 2566 patients, in whom non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was considered most probable, and who were resident in southern Iran at the time of diagnosis, were studied; they included 1176 (45.8%) men and 1390 (54.2%) women. The age at diagnosis of the disease in men ranged between 18 and 82 years with a mean of 45.6 ± 11.4 (± SD) years, and in women, between 15 and 83 with a mean of 44.3 ± 12.2 (± SD) years. There was no statistically significant sex-related difference in the mean age at diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in these patients. Sex-specific rates showed a female to male ratio of 1.25 to 1. Age-specific rates indicated that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was most often diagnosed before age 55 and most commonly in the forties.
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Hopkins, KD. "Clues to the diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes in children." Lancet 350, no. 9072 (July 1997): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)62357-4.

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Ruggenenti, Piero, and Giuseppe Remuzzi. "The diagnosis of renal involvement in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus." Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 6, no. 2 (March 1997): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041552-199703000-00006.

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Plotnick, Leslie. "Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus." Pediatrics In Review 15, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.15.4.137.

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Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic, serious disease in children and adolescents. Its diagnosis is straightforward and rarely subtle. The major challenges of this disease for the child, family, and health-care team involve long-term management of medical and metabolic factors as well as psychological and behavioral concerns. While developments in the past 10 to 15 years have made metabolic control technically possible, psychological stresses and behavioral problems often interfere with metabolic goals. There are few, if any, other diseases that require such intensive and extensive self-care skills. Definitions Diabetes generally is classified in two types. Type I, or IDDM, is seen mostly in younger people (children and adolescents). It previously was called juvenile onset or ketosisprone. Insulin deficiency characterizes IDDM, and patients need exogenous insulin for survival. Type II, or non-IDDM (NIDDM), previously called adult or maturity onset, is the type seen most commonly in older people and in obesity and is not discussed in this review. To make a diagnosis of diabetes, a child must have either classic symptoms with a random plasma glucose above 200 mg/dL or specific plasma glucose levels before and after a standard glucose load if asymptomatic. The diagnosis of IDDM usually is clear-cut.
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&NA;. "CARING FOR PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT. DIABETES MELLITUS." Nursing 26, no. 9 (September 1996): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199609000-00016.

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Fielding, Andrew M., Sinead Brophy, Helen Davies, and Rhys Williams. "Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: increased awareness will aid diagnosis." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 44, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456307780945679.

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Latent autoimmune diabetes iln adults (LADA) is the term used for patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes who progress to insulin dependency as their pancreatic secretion of insulin fails. Diagnosis is based on adult age at the time of diabetes, the presence of serum autoantibodies to pancreatic antigens and the absence of a requirement for insulin at diagnosis. High titres of serum glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies act as a marker for LADA. Serum C-peptide concentrations are also lower in autoimmune diabetic patients. The best treatment for patients with LADA is not clear, but early insulin treatment may prevent pancreatic β-cell failure.
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El Hazmi, Mohsen A. F., A. B. Warsy, and R. Sulairnani. "Diabetesmellitus as a health problem in Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 4, no. 1 (January 15, 1998): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/1998.4.1.58.

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A total of 25 337 Saudis [11 713 males [46.2%] and 13 624 females [53.8%] were screened for diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance using WHO criteria for diagnosis. The prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the total Saudi male population was 0.23%, 5.63% and 0.50% respectively, and in the total Saudi female population was 0.30%, 4.53% and 0.72% respectively. Differences were observed in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance between the provinces. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus increased to 28.82% and 24.92% in males and females respectively over the age of 60 years, while impaired glucose tolerance increased to 1.60% and 3.56%
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NK, Sunčana. "Occurrence of Pancreatic Cancer Associated Insulin Dependent Diabetes." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 1, no. 3 (September 8, 2017): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/016.

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Patients with pancreatic cancer often present with non-specific symptoms and are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The relationship between diabetes and the development of pancreatic cancer has been an area of intense research. In the present study we specifically aim to look at the hypothesis that the incidence of insulin dependent diabetes increases after the onset of pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the chart of all pancreatic cancer patients in tumor registry admitted to University of Florida Tumor Registry in Jacksonville, Florida. Data was collective from January 2000 and December 2006. Each patient’s record was reviewed for histologic biopsy, demographic information, presence of risk factors, co-morbidities, presence and duration of diabetes. Assessment of diabetes was based on the guidelines provided by American Diabetes Association. Results: 82 patients were identified from the University of Florida Cancer Registry from the year 2000-2006. Complete data was available on 76 patients. Mean age at diagnosis was 66.4 years. 53 (69.7%) were African American, 23 (30.26%) were white. There was an equal male/female distribution of 1:1.07 (43 males; 40 females). 35 (46.0%) patients were smokers. Most common presentation was with obstructive jaundice (33/76 or 43.4%) followed by typical symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, abdominal and back pain (31/76 or 40.78%). In 11 (14.47%) patients, pancreatic cancer was noted as an incidental finding. Staging at the time of diagnosis was available in 76 patients. 48 (63.1%) patients were in Stage 4, 13 (17.1%) patients were in Stage 3, 10 (13.15%) patients were at stage 2 and 5 (6.5%) patients were in Stage 1. 15(19.7%) patients had diabetes at the time of diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 5 (6.5%) developed one or more deep vein thrombosis (DVTs) after the diagnosis of PC. Diabetes was present in 15 (19.7%) for an average duration of 19 months. Only 4(26.6%) out of 15 patients were on insulin therapy before the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Six additional patients (an increase of 7.93%) developed diabetes after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 13 (61.9%) of the 21 patients required insulin therapy after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. As many as 27 (35%) patients opted for hospice care after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Whipple’s procedure or exploratory debulking surgery of the tumor was performed in 33 (43%) patients. 29 (38.1%) patients received Gemcitabine/carboplatin/5 FU based chemotherapy. Conclusion: We found that the Incidence of Insulin-dependent diabetes increased in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
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Martin, P., and K. K. Hampton. "A Longitudinal Study of Microproteinuria in non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus from Diagnosis." Clinical Science 77, s21 (December 1, 1989): 17P. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs077017pb.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis"

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Murphy, Elizabeth Ann. "Lay health concepts and response to medical advice about lifestyle modification : the case of people with a diagnosis of non-insulin dependent diabetes." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316042.

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Pieterse, Karen. "The relevance of glycosylated haemoglobin in screening for non–insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in a black South African population / Karen Pieterse." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5558.

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Background Due to population growth, aging, urbanisation, increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the most important and prevalent chronic diseases. Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) assessment is currently being used all over to monitor glycaemic control as a cornerstone of diabetes care. It might also be a useful screening tool for non–insulin dependent DM, also known as type 2 DM (T2DM). Elevated HbA1c can be linked with long–term risk of cardiovascular complications. Aim The aim of the study was to determine whether HbA1c can be used as reliable screening tool for early detection of T2DM in an African population. Methods This study was a cross–sectional study and was part of the South African, North–West Province (SANWP) leg of the 12–year Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. Baseline data was collected from March to December 2005. A total of 2010 volunteers were recruited from randomly selected households. Data was collected on socio–demographic characteristics, physical activity, dietary intakes, blood pressure and anthropometry. HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), liver enzymes and HIV status were determined. Ethical approval for the PURE study was obtained in July 2004. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were also done for a sub–group of 465 subjects. The Statistical Consultation Services of the North–West University were consulted to analyse data with SPSS 17.0 and STATISTICA 9.0. Results The HbA1c values within the diabetic FPG groups were 7.46% for men and 8.08% for women. HbA1c values increased significantly progressively from the normal FPG groups to the groups with impaired FPG and the diabetic FPG groups for both men and women. No significant increases were found in HbA1c between the OGTT groups (normal 2 hour plasma glucose (PG), impaired 2–hour PG and diabetic 2–hour PG). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, body mass index and FPG increased significantly and high–density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased significantly with an increase in HbA1c values in men and women. In addition, systolic blood pressure increased significantly in women with increased HbA1c. Thus, with an increase in HbA1c, an increase in the number of risk factors was observed. When using HbA1c and FPG in combination, 43 subjects of the whole population were detected with having a risk of developing T2DM. However, when considering the commonality of subjects identified to be diabetic or at risk by the OGTT, FPG and HbA1c individually, only one subject was identified by all the methods as having diabetes or being at risk to develop diabetes. Discussion and conclusions An increase in HbA1c and FPG was associated with an increase in risk factors and therefore with metabolic syndrome (MS). MS is associated with an increased risk of developing T2DM and therefore it can be concluded that HbA1c was useful for detecting in this population individuals at increased risk of developing T2DM. The use of FPG and HbA1c in combination was considered a better screening tool when compared to HbA1c alone. Factors other than what were measured in this study might be the cause of the unexpected results obtained in the participants with impaired OGTT.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Nutrition))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Wang, Jing Shiuan, and 王璟璇. "Self-Care Behaviors,Glycemic Control,and Related Factors in Outpatients Newly Diagnosed with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23183857450207445657.

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碩士
高雄醫學院
護理學研究所
85
The purpose of this study was to understand self-care behaviors, glycemic control, and related factors in outpatients newly diagnosed with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus( NIDDM). Data were collected by purposeful sampling method from 130 outpatients with NIDDM in a Kaohsiung medical center from December 10 1996 to February 26 1997. The results indicated: (1) The standarized score of the self-care behaviors was 64.69. (2) The mean value for HbA1C was 7.12%; and 63.1% of the patients belonged to moderate to well controlled group. (3)There was a strongly negative correlation between age and the self-care behaviors of preventing, treating high and low blood sugar reactions. Patients with a secondary school education had better self-care behaviors of medication-taking and blood sugar monitoring than patients with a college or higher education. Also, patients with a secondary school education had better self-care behaviors of preventing, treating high and low blood sugar reactions. Patients without occupation or low socioeconomic status had better self-care behaviors of medication-taking and blood sugar monitoring than patients who were currently employed or with middle-low socioeconomic status. Patients who were not affected with any other diseases had better self-care behaviors of preventing, treating high and low blood sugar reactions than patients combined with other illness. (4) There was a strongly postive correlation between self- efficacy and self-care behaviors. (5) There was a strongly postive correlation between social support and self- care behaviors. (6) Male patients HbA1C value was significantly lower than female patients; patients with no religious belief also had a lower HbA1C value than patients with a religious background. (7) There were strongly negative correlations between self-care behaviors, social support, and self-efficacy and HbA1C. (8) According to a multiple stepwise regression analysis, self-efficacy was found to explain 74.0% variance of self-care behaviors. (9) Using a multiple stepwise regression analysis, religious belief and self-care behaviors were found to explain 10.9% variance of HbA1C level. The results of this study could be used as a reference for further diabetes health education and as a suggestion for future researches.
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Books on the topic "Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis"

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Edelman, Steven V. Diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes. 9th ed. Caddo, OK: Professional Communications, 2009.

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R, Henry Robert, ed. Diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes. 4th ed. [Caddo, Okla.]: Professional Communications, Inc., 2001.

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Hsueh, Willa A. Contemporary diagnosis and management of Type 2 diabetes. Newtown, Pennsylvania, USA: Handbooks in Health Care Co., 2009.

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Philip, Raskin, and American Diabetes Association, eds. Medical management of non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes. 3rd ed. Alexandria, Va: The Association, 1994.

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1944-, Silverstein Janet H., and American Diabetes Association, eds. Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: A clinician's guide to diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association, 2003.

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Contemporary diagnosis and management of the patient with type 2 diabetes. 2nd ed. Newtown, Pa: Handbooks in Health Care Co., 2009.

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Association, British Diabetic. Guidelines: Good practice in the diagnosis and treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. London: Royal College of Physicians of London and the British Diabetic Association, 1993.

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Codario, Ronald A. Type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome: The primary care guide to diagnosis and management. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2005.

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Type 2 diabetes: An essential guide for the newly diagnosed. 2nd ed. New York: Marlowe & Co., 2007.

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Watkins, Peter J. Good practice in the diagnosis and treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: Reportof a joint working party of the British Diabetic Association, the Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians and the Royal College of General Practitioners. London: Royal College of Physicians, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis"

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Butler, Gary, and Jeremy Kirk. "Hypoglycaemia." In Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, 253–72. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786337.003.0007.

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• Hypoglycaemia is defined as ‘A plasma glucose concentration low enough to cause symptoms and/or signs of impaired brain function’. • Cut-offs are contentious, ranging from <2.2 to <4.0 mmol/L, and are dependent on age, diagnosis, and also availability/usage of alternative metabolic fuels such as ketones. • May be transient or persistent, dependent on diagnosis. • Causes broadly due to: ◦ decreased glucose including prematurity, inborn errors of metabolism, hypopituitarism, adrenal insufficiency (primary and secondary), and prolonged fasting ◦ increased glucose utilization including infant of diabetic mother, hyperinsulinaemia, perinatal asphyxia, and various syndromes, e.g. Beckwith–Wiedemann. • Endocrine causes of hypoglycaemia include growth hormone deficiency, adrenal insufficiency (primary and secondary), and (?) hypothyroidism. • Metabolic disorders cause hypoglycaemia via impaired: ◦ mobilization of glucose stores ◦ gluconeogenesis ◦ alternative energy sources ◦ liver function. • Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia presents with increased glucose requirements (>8 mg/kg/minute) and non-ketotic hypoglycaemia. Diagnosis confirmed by demonstrating raised/detectable insulin/C-peptide during hypoglycaemia. Genotyping may assist with not only diagnosis but direct therapy (medical and surgical).
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Phillips, Anne, and Roger Gadsby. "Understanding Diabetes Mellitus." In Adult Nursing Practice. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199697410.003.0019.

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The aim of this chapter is to provide nurses with the knowledge to be able to assess, manage, and care for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in an evidence-based and person-centred way. Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition that can affect people of all ages; consequently, people with diabetes mellitus can be found in every healthcare environment, from hospitals to care homes. The chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of the classifications, causes, and risk factors of diabetes. The key principles of patient assessment are established, before exploring best practice to deliver care, prevent acute complications, and minimize long-term complications. Nursing assessments and priorities are highlighted throughout, and the nursing management of the symptoms and common health problems associated with diabetes can be found in Chapters 19, 22, 24, 25, 26, and 28, respectively. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic conditions with hyperglycaemia occurring as the main feature. It is characterized by chronic increased blood glucose (hyperglycaemia), with disturbance of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, which results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both (World Health Organization (WHO), 1999). The hormone insulin, produced by the beta cells in the pancreas, controls blood glucose levels, keeping them within a narrow range in normal health (4–6 mmol/l before food). When blood glucose levels rise (for example, after a meal containing carbohydrates has been consumed), glucose enters the beta cells, eventually resulting in the release of insulin into the portal circulation. The classifications of diabetes mellitus (World Health Organization, 2006) are as follows….● Type 1 diabetes mellitus, previously known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) ● Type 2 diabetes mellitus, previously known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) ● Gestational diabetes mellitus ● Others, such as disorders affecting the pancreas, and endocrine conditions…The features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are outlined in Table 9.1. Gestational diabetes is carbohydrate intolerance, resulting in hyperglycaemia with onset or recognition during pregnancy (World Health Organization, 2006). However, the condition may have been present prior to pregnancy, but not been diagnosed. Diabetes mellitus may occur for other reasons, including genetic defects and diseases affecting the pancreas.
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Beghi, Ettore, Giorgia Giussani, and Marco Poloni. "Neuropathies." In Oxford Textbook of Neurologic and Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, edited by Carol Brayne, Valery L. Feigin, Lenore J. Launer, and Giancarlo Logroscino, 331–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749493.003.0032.

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Peripheral neuropathies are most frequently a complication of a variety of acute and chronic diseases and injuries, including diseases of the roots, plexuses, and peripheral nerves in various combinations, and are categorized as symmetric polyneuropathies, mononeuropathies, multifocal neuropathies, and radiculopathies. This chapter illustrates data about peripheral neuropathies in the general population and in selected cohorts at risk: diabetic neuropathy (present in 66% of insulin-dependent and 59% of non-insulin-dependent diabetic individuals), acute and chronic inflammatory (2–16% of all polyneuropathies in hospital-based studies), paraneoplastic, infectious (Mycobacterium leprae, HIV, predominant in resource-poor countries), toxic and iatrogenic (antibacterial, antiparasitic, cardiovascular and chemotherapeutic agents), due to entrapment (carpal tunnel syndrome), and inherited (Charcot-Marie-Tooth, familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, hereditary motor/sensory neuropathies). The actual burden of peripheral neuropathies is unknown because incidence and prevalence are preferably calculated in patients with the underlying cause and for the variability and low validity and reliability of the diagnostic criteria.
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Matthews, David, Usha Ayyagari, and Pamela Dyson. "Clinical features, lifestyle management, and glycaemic targets in type 2 diabetes mellitus." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1774–79. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1368.

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Type 2 diabetes—previously named ‘maturity-onset diabetes’ or ‘non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus’—was, in the past, generally diagnosed in individuals over the age of 40 years old, but, with the modern epidemic, is found in increasing numbers in younger people, including teenagers and children. It is strongly associated with overweight and obese individuals, and tends to run in families. This feature may be environmental, since being overweight also runs in families, but there are specific genes for obesity (1). Type 2 diabetes that occurs in younger individuals with a very strong family history of early-onset diabetes may be the autosomally dominant ‘maturity-onset diabetes of the young’ (MODY) (see Chapter 13.3.4). In an environment where there is a pandemic of diabetes, one should maintain a very high level of suspicion of diabetes in those who are overweight—in the USA, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is running at 8% of the population, and, in South India and Sri Lanka, at up to 18% in urban communities (2).
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Conference papers on the topic "Non-insulin-dependent diabetes Diagnosis"

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Mombaerta, P., V. Ballegeer, P. Declerck, F. A. Van Assche, and D. Collen. "FIBRINOLYTIC RESPONSE TO VENOUS OCCLUSION, AND FIBRIN FRAGMENT D-DIMER AND FIBRONECTIN LEVELS IN NORMAL AND COMPLICATED PREGNANCY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643143.

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The fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion was assessed in pregnant women with measurements of total and free t-PA, using specific ELISAs based on monoclonal antibodies.Total t-PA levels increased after venous occlusion with 11±8 ng/ml (mean ± SD) in healthy fertile non-pregnant women (n=6), with 0.8 ± 1.3 ng/ml in 2nd trim. (n=5) and with 3.8 ± 3.9 ng/ml in 3rd trim. (n=4) healthy pregnant women. The increase in free t-PA was 12 ± 11; 1.2 ± 0.9 and 0 ng/ml respectively. The difference in post- and pre-occlusion levels in 3rd trim, pregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM (n=4) was 3.2 ± 4.2 ng/ml, with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (n=4) 2.6 ± 3.0 ng/ml and with preeclampsia (n=5) 3.2 ± 3.5 ng/ml for total t-PA and 0, 0 and 0 ng/ml for free t-PA.Fibrin fragment D-dimer levels in plasma measured with a specific ELISA were 130 ± 36 ng/ml in healthy fertile non-pregnant women (n=8). A significant increase was found in 4 out of 5 1st trim., 25 out of 25 2nd trim, and 21 out of 22 3rd trim, normal pregnant women. In these groups, plasma levels were 340 ± 160, 400 ± 170 and 440 ± 220 ng/ml respectively.Fibronectin levels, measured with a Laurell electroimmunoassay and expressed as percentage of pooled human plasma (=330 yg/ml) were 83 ± 26% in 2nd trim, patients (n=24) and 102 ± 35% in 3rd trim, patients (n=17). Normal fibronectin levels were found in 4 patients with IDDM and in 6 with IUGR, whereas in 6 out of 8 preeclamptic patients significantly increased levels were observed.These results confirm, with the use of a newly developed free t-PA assay, that the fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion is completely inhibited in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. A reduced release of t-PA from the vessel wall during venous occlusion and/or an increased inhibition of released t-PA were observed. No difference was found in the fibrinolytic response between normal and complicated pregnancy. D-dimer levels are significantly elevated during pregnancy. Finally, the usefulness of fibronectin for the diagnosis of preeclampsia is confirmed.
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