Academic literature on the topic 'Non-Hermitian topological photonics'

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-Hermitian topological photonics"

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Zhao, Han, Xingdu Qiao, Tianwei Wu, Bikashkali Midya, Stefano Longhi, and Liang Feng. "Non-Hermitian topological light steering." Science 365, no. 6458 (September 12, 2019): 1163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay1064.

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Photonic topological insulators provide a route for disorder-immune light transport, which holds promise for practical applications. Flexible reconfiguration of topological light pathways can enable high-density photonics routing, thus sustaining the growing demand for data capacity. By strategically interfacing non-Hermitian and topological physics, we demonstrate arbitrary, robust light steering in reconfigurable non-Hermitian junctions, in which chiral topological states can propagate at an interface of the gain and loss domains. Our non-Hermitian–controlled topological state can enable the dynamic control of robust transmission links of light inside the bulk, fully using the entire footprint of a photonic topological insulator.
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Wang, Hongfei, Xiujuan Zhang, Jinguo Hua, Dangyuan Lei, Minghui Lu, and Yanfeng Chen. "Topological physics of non-Hermitian optics and photonics: a review." Journal of Optics 23, no. 12 (October 25, 2021): 123001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac2e15.

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Abstract The notion of non-Hermitian optics and photonics rooted in quantum mechanics and photonic systems has recently attracted considerable attention ushering in tremendous progress on theoretical foundations and photonic applications, benefiting from the flexibility of photonic platforms. In this review, we first introduce the non-Hermitian topological physics from the symmetry of matrices and complex energy spectra to the characteristics of Jordan normal forms, exceptional points, biorthogonal eigenvectors, Bloch/non-Bloch band theories, topological invariants and topological classifications. We further review diverse non-Hermitian system branches ranging from classical optics, quantum photonics to disordered systems, nonlinear dynamics and optomechanics according to various physical equivalences and experimental implementations. In particular, we include cold atoms in optical lattices in quantum photonics due to their operability at quantum regimes. Finally, we summarize recent progress and limitations in this emerging field, giving an outlook on possible future research directions in theoretical frameworks and engineering aspects.
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Ota, Yasutomo, Kenta Takata, Tomoki Ozawa, Alberto Amo, Zhetao Jia, Boubacar Kante, Masaya Notomi, Yasuhiko Arakawa, and Satoshi Iwamoto. "Active topological photonics." Nanophotonics 9, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 547–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0376.

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AbstractTopological photonics emerged as a novel route to engineer the flow of light. Topologically protected photonic edge modes, which are supported at the perimeters of topologically nontrivial insulating bulk structures, are of particular interest as they may enable low-loss optical waveguides immune to structural disorder. Very recently, there has been a sharp rise of interest in introducing gain materials into such topological photonic structures, primarily aiming at revolutionizing semiconductor lasers with the aid of physical mechanisms existing in topological physics. Examples of remarkable realizations are topological lasers with unidirectional light output under time-reversal symmetry breaking and topologically protected polariton and micro/nanocavity lasers. Moreover, the introduction of gain and loss provides a fascinating playground to explore novel topological phases, which are in close relevance to non-Hermitian and parity-time symmetric quantum physics and are, in general, difficult to access using fermionic condensed matter systems. Here, we review the cutting-edge research on active topological photonics, in which optical gain plays a pivotal role. We discuss recent realizations of topological lasers of various kinds, together with the underlying physics explaining the emergence of topological edge modes. In such demonstrations, the optical modes of the topological lasers are determined by the dielectric structures and support lasing oscillation with the help of optical gain. We also address recent research on topological photonic systems in which gain and loss, themselves, essentially influence topological properties of the bulk systems. We believe that active topological photonics provides powerful means to advance micro/nanophotonics systems for diverse applications and topological physics, itself, as well.
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Chen, Weijin, Qingdong Yang, Yuntian Chen, and Wei Liu. "Evolution and global charge conservation for polarization singularities emerging from non-Hermitian degeneracies." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 12 (March 15, 2021): e2019578118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019578118.

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Core concepts in singular optics, especially the polarization singularities, have rapidly penetrated the surging fields of topological and non-Hermitian photonics. For open photonic structures with non-Hermitian degeneracies in particular, polarization singularities would inevitably encounter another sweeping concept of Berry phase. Several investigations have discussed, in an inexplicit way, connections between both concepts, hinting at that nonzero topological charges for far-field polarizations on a loop are inextricably linked to its nontrivial Berry phase when degeneracies are enclosed. In this work, we reexamine the seminal photonic crystal slab that supports the fundamental two-level non-Hermitian degeneracies. Regardless of the invariance of nontrivial Berry phase (concerning near-field Bloch modes defined on the momentum torus) for different loops enclosing both degeneracies, we demonstrate that the associated far polarization fields (defined on the momentum sphere) exhibit topologically inequivalent patterns that are characterized by variant topological charges, including even the trivial scenario of zero charge. Moreover, the charge carried by the Fermi arc actually is not well defined, which could be different on opposite bands. It is further revealed that for both bands, the seemingly complex evolutions of polarizations are bounded by the global charge conservation, with extra points of circular polarizations playing indispensable roles. This indicates that although not directly associated with any local charges, the invariant Berry phase is directly linked to the globally conserved charge, physical principles underlying which have all been further clarified by a two-level Hamiltonian with an extra chirality term. Our work can potentially trigger extra explorations beyond photonics connecting Berry phase and singularities.
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Yang, Frank, Ciril S. Prasad, Weijian Li, Rosemary Lach, Henry O. Everitt, and Gururaj V. Naik. "Non-Hermitian metasurface with non-trivial topology." Nanophotonics 11, no. 6 (February 2, 2022): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0731.

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Abstract The synergy between topology and non-Hermiticity in photonics holds immense potential for next-generation optical devices that are robust against defects. However, most demonstrations of non-Hermitian and topological photonics have been limited to super-wavelength scales due to increased radiative losses at the deep-subwavelength scale. By carefully designing radiative losses at the nanoscale, we demonstrate a non-Hermitian plasmonic–dielectric metasurface in the visible with non-trivial topology. The metasurface is based on a fourth order passive parity-time symmetric system. The designed device exhibits an exceptional concentric ring in its momentum space and is described by a Hamiltonian with a non-Hermitian Z 3 ${\mathbb{Z}}_{3}$ topological invariant of V = −1. Fabricated devices are characterized using Fourier-space imaging for single-shot k-space measurements. Our results demonstrate a way to combine topology and non-Hermitian nanophotonics for designing robust devices with novel functionalities.
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Parto, Midya, Yuzhou G. N. Liu, Babak Bahari, Mercedeh Khajavikhan, and Demetrios N. Christodoulides. "Non-Hermitian and topological photonics: optics at an exceptional point." Nanophotonics 10, no. 1 (October 2, 2020): 403–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0434.

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AbstractIn the past few years, concepts from non-Hermitian (NH) physics, originally developed within the context of quantum field theories, have been successfully deployed over a wide range of physical settings where wave dynamics are known to play a key role. In optics, a special class of NH Hamiltonians – which respects parity-time symmetry – has been intensely pursued along several fronts. What makes this family of systems so intriguing is the prospect of phase transitions and NH singularities that can in turn lead to a plethora of counterintuitive phenomena. Quite recently, these ideas have permeated several other fields of science and technology in a quest to achieve new behaviors and functionalities in nonconservative environments that would have otherwise been impossible in standard Hermitian arrangements. Here, we provide an overview of recent advancements in these emerging fields, with emphasis on photonic NH platforms, exceptional point dynamics, and the very promising interplay between non-Hermiticity and topological physics.
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Miri, Mohammad-Ali, and Andrea Alù. "Exceptional points in optics and photonics." Science 363, no. 6422 (January 3, 2019): eaar7709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7709.

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Exceptional points are branch point singularities in the parameter space of a system at which two or more eigenvalues, and their corresponding eigenvectors, coalesce and become degenerate. Such peculiar degeneracies are distinct features of non-Hermitian systems, which do not obey conservation laws because they exchange energy with the surrounding environment. Non-Hermiticity has been of great interest in recent years, particularly in connection with the quantum mechanical notion of parity-time symmetry, after the realization that Hamiltonians satisfying this special symmetry can exhibit entirely real spectra. These concepts have become of particular interest in photonics because optical gain and loss can be integrated and controlled with high resolution in nanoscale structures, realizing an ideal playground for non-Hermitian physics, parity-time symmetry, and exceptional points. As we control dissipation and amplification in a nanophotonic system, the emergence of exceptional point singularities dramatically alters their overall response, leading to a range of exotic optical functionalities associated with abrupt phase transitions in the eigenvalue spectrum. These concepts enable ultrasensitive measurements, superior manipulation of the modal content of multimode lasers, and adiabatic control of topological energy transfer for mode and polarization conversion. Non-Hermitian degeneracies have also been exploited in exotic laser systems, new nonlinear optics schemes, and exotic scattering features in open systems. Here we review the opportunities offered by exceptional point physics in photonics, discuss recent developments in theoretical and experimental research based on photonic exceptional points, and examine future opportunities in this area from basic science to applied technology.
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Zeng, Chao, Zhiwei Guo, Kejia Zhu, Caifu Fan, Guo Li, Jun Jiang, Yunhui Li, et al. "Efficient and stable wireless power transfer based on the non-Hermitian physics." Chinese Physics B 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 010307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac3815.

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As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables, efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer (WPT) in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years, and promoted a variety of practical applications, such as mobile phones, medical implant devices and electric vehicles. However, the physical mechanism behind some key limitations of the resonance WPT, such as frequency splitting and size-dependent efficiency, is not very clear under the widely used circuit model. Here, we review the recently developed efficient and stable resonance WPT based on non-Hermitian physics, which starts from a completely different avenue (utilizing loss and gain) to introduce novel functionalities to the resonance WPT. From the perspective of non-Hermitian photonics, the coherent and incoherent effects compete and coexist in the WPT system, and the weak stable of energy transfer mainly comes from the broken phase associated with the phase transition of parity–time symmetry. Based on this basic physical framework, some optimization schemes are proposed, including using nonlinear effect, using bound states in the continuum, or resorting to the system with high-order parity-time symmetry. Moreover, the combination of non-Hermitian physics and topological photonics in multi-coil system also provides a versatile platform for long-range robust WPT with topological protection. Therefore, the non-Hermitian physics can not only exactly predict the main results of current WPT systems, but also provide new ways to solve the difficulties of previous designs.
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Wang, Bo, Tian Chen, and Xiangdong Zhang. "Topological Photonics: Observation of Novel Robust Edge States in Dissipative Non‐Hermitian Quantum Walks (Laser Photonics Rev. 14(7)/2020)." Laser & Photonics Reviews 14, no. 7 (July 2020): 2070041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202070041.

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Novitsky, Denis V., and Andrey V. Novitsky. "Bound States in the Continuum versus Fano Resonances: Topological Argument." Photonics 9, no. 11 (November 20, 2022): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110880.

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There is a recent surge of interest to the bound states in the continuum (BICs) due to their ability to provide high-quality resonances in open photonic systems. They are usually observed in perturbed systems possessing Fano resonances in their spectra. We argue that, generally speaking, the Fano resonances should not be considered as a proxy for BICs (as it is often done) due to their fundamentally different topological properties. This difference is illustrated with the non-Hermitian layered structure supporting both topologically nontrivial quasi-BIC and topologically trivial Fano resonances. Non-Hermiticity can also be a source of additional topological features of these resonant responses. Moreover, the lasing mode associated with BIC in this structure also possesses nonzero topological charge that can be useful for producing unconventional states of light. This paper contributes to the discussion of BIC physics and raises new questions concerning topological properties of non-Hermitian systems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-Hermitian topological photonics"

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Munoz, De Las Heras Alberto. "Non-Hermitian and Topological Features of Photonic Systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/331092.

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This Thesis is devoted to the study of topological phases of matter in optical platforms, focusing on non-Hermitian systems with gain and losses involving nonreciprocal elements, and fractional quantum Hall liquids where strong interactions play a central role.In the first part we investigated nonlinear Taiji micro-ring resonators in passive and active silicon photonics setups. Such resonators establish a unidirectional coupling between the two whispering-gallery modes circulating in their perimeter. We started by demonstrating that a single nonlinear Taiji resonator coupled to a bus waveguide breaks Lorentz reciprocity. When a saturable gain is added to a single Taiji resonator, a sufficiently strong unidirectional coupling rules out the possibility of lasing in one of the whispering-gallery modes with independence of the type of optical nonlinearity and gain saturation displayed by the material. This can be regarded as a dynamical time-reversal symmetry breaking. This effect is further enhanced by an optical Kerr nonlinearity. We showed that both ring and Taiji resonators can work as optical isolators over a broad frequency band in realistic operating conditions. Our proposal relies on the presence of a strong pump in a single direction: as a consequence four-wave mixing can only couple the pump with small intensity signals propagating in the same direction. The resulting nonreciprocal devices circumvent the restrictions imposed by dynamic reciprocity. We then studied two-dimensional arrays of ring and Taiji resonators realizing quantum spin-Hall topological insulator lasers. The strong unidirectional coupling present in Taiji resonator lattices promotes lasing with a well-defined chirality while considerably improving the slope efficiency and reducing the lasing threshold. Finally, we demonstrated that lasing in a single helical mode can be obtained in quantum spin-Hall lasers of Taiji resonators by exploiting the optical nonlinearity of the material. In the second part of this Thesis we dived into more speculative waters and explored fractional quantum Hall liquids of cold atoms and photons. We proposed strategies to experimentally access the fractional charge and anyonic statistics of the quasihole excitations arising in the bulk of such systems. Heavy impurities introduced inside a fractional quantum Hall droplet will bind quasiholes, forming composite objects that we label as anyonic molecules. Restricting ourselves to molecules formed by one quasihole and a single impurity, we find that the bound quasihole gives a finite contribution to the impurity mass, that we are able to ascertain by considering the first-order correction to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The effective charge and statistical parameter of the molecule are given by the sum of those of the impurity and the quasihole, respectively. While the mass and charge of such objects can be directly assessed by imaging the cyclotron orbit described by a single molecule, the anyonic statistics manifest as a rigid shift of the interference fringes in the differential scattering cross section describing a collision between two molecules.
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Book chapters on the topic "Non-Hermitian topological photonics"

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Parto, Midya, Yuzhou G. N. Liu, Babak Bahari, Mercedeh Khajavikhan, and Demetrios N. Christodoulides. "Non-Hermitian and topological photonics: optics at an exceptional point." In Frontiers in Optics and Photonics, 415–36. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110710687-031.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-Hermitian topological photonics"

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Zhen, Bo, Hengyun Zhou, Chao Peng, Yoseob Yoon, Chia Wei Hsu, Keith A. Nelson, Huitao Shen, Liang Fu, John D. Joannopoulos, and Marin Soljacic. "Non-Hermitian Topological Photonics." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2018.fm2q.3.

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Fan, Shanhui. "Non-Hermitian and Topological Electromagnetics: Synthetic Dimensions, and Robust Wireless Power Transfer." In 2018 IEEE Photonics Society Summer Topical Meeting Series (SUM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/phosst.2018.8456683.

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Feng, Liang, Han Zhao, Xingdu Qiao, Bikashkali Midya, and Stefano Longhi. "Non-Hermitian topological light steering." In Active Photonic Platforms XII, edited by Ganapathi S. Subramania and Stavroula Foteinopoulou. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2568593.

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Fung, Kin Hung. "Non-Hermitian, Topological, and Lorentz Non-reciprocal Photonic Systems." In The 9th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Optofluidics 2019. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/imco2019-06171.

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Zhang, Baile. "Non-Hermitian and time-modulated topological sound." In Active Photonic Platforms XIII, edited by Ganapathi S. Subramania and Stavroula Foteinopoulou. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2594052.

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Fan, Shanhui. "Topological and non-Hermitian effects in photonic structures (Conference Presentation)." In Active Photonic Platforms X, edited by Ganapathi S. Subramania and Stavroula Foteinopoulou. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2322430.

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Zeuner, Julia M., Mikael C. Rechtsman, Yaakov Lumer, Yonatan Plotnik, Stefan Nolte, Mordechai Segev, and Alexander Szameit. "Bulk optical measurement of topological numbers in photonic lattices with a non-Hermitian system." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.fw3c.3.

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