Dissertations / Theses: 'Non-government organisations'

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Stephens, Barbara Jean. "International Development Non-Government Organisations and Partnership." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7877.

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International develoment non-government organisations (INGOs)are a recognised component of Aotearoa New Zealand society. In 2012 CID advised the Government that INGOs are the key conduit for many thousands of New Zealanders that donated over $114 million in 2011 in support of international development and disaster relief. Since the 1970s the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and TRade (MFAT) has managed the allocation of a proportion of Government Overseas Development Assistance to subsidise the money raised from the public by the INGOs. The impact of INGO involvement in development projects and programmes has received considerable academic scrutiny; however little attention has been paid to the understanding and operation of partnership within international activities . This thesis focuses on the partnership practices of New Zealand INGOs.

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Morris, Charlotte L. "Leadership in charitable non-government organisations (NGOs) : integrating individual and organisational beliefs." Full text available, 2006. http://adt.curtin.edu.au/theses/available/adt-WCU20070511.111236.

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Morris, Charlotte Lucy. "Leadership in charitable non-government organisations (NGO's): Integrating individual and organisational beliefs." Thesis, Curtin University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1815.

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The exploration of the four key themes of leadership, spirituality, ethics and values and their relationship between and with employers and employees in human service charitable NGOs in Perth, Western Australian, provided the main purpose for the current research. In addition, the purpose included examining the impact of charities operating as if they were for-profit businesses; the impact of faith and secularity on the work of charities; and possible gender differences arising from the themes within this context. The qualitative research was undertaken using hermeneutic phenomenological methodology; however, feminism, post-modernism and narrative practices were used to elicit additional perspectives from the resulting material. The current research used a broad-ranging, multi-disciplinary approach, thus encompassing a literature review of the philosophical, ethical, psychological, theological and anthropological disciplines as it tracked some of the material’s substantial heritage. Additionally, the research focussed on the experience of charitable workplace cultures which provide the context for the delivery of human services, and discussed the current charitable human services paradigm. A total of 46 individuals from 8 different charities participated through in-depth interviews. They included organisational leaders, management and front-line workers who provided collectively and individually a rich mine of material for exploration and discovery from which to unravel the essence of the responses.The emerging conclusions provide the capacity to view the charitable organisation from a gendered perspective, as female, thus reflecting the profile of the workforce; while also uncovering substantial discrimination and inequity in employment conditions. Leadership styles were gendered, as were the discourses on ethics, values and spirituality. Organisational size was a key factor in determining values and changing perspectives matched more closely, the business paradigm. The faith and secularity of each NGO also presented opportunities to map organisational intention around leadership, spirituality, ethics and values such that further research opportunities have been highlighted across the results.

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Morris, Charlotte Lucy. "Leadership in charitable non-government organisations (NGO's): Integrating individual and organisational beliefs." Curtin University of Technology, Curtin Business School, 2006. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17015.

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The exploration of the four key themes of leadership, spirituality, ethics and values and their relationship between and with employers and employees in human service charitable NGOs in Perth, Western Australian, provided the main purpose for the current research. In addition, the purpose included examining the impact of charities operating as if they were for-profit businesses; the impact of faith and secularity on the work of charities; and possible gender differences arising from the themes within this context. The qualitative research was undertaken using hermeneutic phenomenological methodology; however, feminism, post-modernism and narrative practices were used to elicit additional perspectives from the resulting material. The current research used a broad-ranging, multi-disciplinary approach, thus encompassing a literature review of the philosophical, ethical, psychological, theological and anthropological disciplines as it tracked some of the material’s substantial heritage. Additionally, the research focussed on the experience of charitable workplace cultures which provide the context for the delivery of human services, and discussed the current charitable human services paradigm. A total of 46 individuals from 8 different charities participated through in-depth interviews. They included organisational leaders, management and front-line workers who provided collectively and individually a rich mine of material for exploration and discovery from which to unravel the essence of the responses.
The emerging conclusions provide the capacity to view the charitable organisation from a gendered perspective, as female, thus reflecting the profile of the workforce; while also uncovering substantial discrimination and inequity in employment conditions. Leadership styles were gendered, as were the discourses on ethics, values and spirituality. Organisational size was a key factor in determining values and changing perspectives matched more closely, the business paradigm. The faith and secularity of each NGO also presented opportunities to map organisational intention around leadership, spirituality, ethics and values such that further research opportunities have been highlighted across the results.

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Davies, Richard J. "Order and diversity: representing and assisting organisational learning in non-government aid organisations." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558557.

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The aim of this thesis is to develop a coherent theory of organisational learning which can generate practical means of assisting organisational learning. The thesis develops and applies this theory to one class of organisations known as non-government organisations (NGOs), and more specifically to those NGOs who receive funds from high income countries but who work for the benefit of the poor in low income countries. Of central concern are the processes whereby these NGOs learn from the rural and urban poor with whom they work. The basis of the theory of organisational learning used in this thesis is modem evolutionary theory, and more particularly, evolutionary epistemology. It is argued that this theory provides a means of both representing and assisting organisational learning. Firstly, it provides a simple definition of learning that can be operationalised at multiple scales of analysis: that of individuals, organisations, and populations of organisations. Differences in the forms of organisational learning that do take place can be represented using a number of observable attributes of learning which are derived from an interpretation of evolutionary theory. The same evolutionary theory can also provide useful explanations of processes thus defined and represented. Secondly, an analysis of organisational learning using these observable attributes and background theory also suggest two ways in which organisational learning can be assisted. One is the use of specific methods within NGOs: a type of participatory monitoring. The second is the use of particular interventions by their donors: demands for particular types of information which are indicative of how and where the NGO is learning In addition to these practical implications, it is argued that a specific concern with organisational learning can be related to a wider problematic which should be of concern to Development Studies: one which is described as "the management of diversity". Individual theories, organisations, and larger social structures may not survive in the face of diversity and change. In surviving they may constrain and / or enable other agents, with feedback effects into the scale and forms of diversity possible. The management of diversity can be analysed descriptively and prescriptively, at multiple scales of aggregation.

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Wild, Nigel Robert. "Ethical procurement strategies for international aid non-government organisations." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2012. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/11988/.

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International aid non-governmental organisations (IANGOs) are expected by the public and government institutions funding them to focus upon maximising effectiveness for the delivery of aid and in the process adopt ethical procurement (EP) practices. Concerns have been voiced by governments and media regarding the perceived lack of coordination between IANGOs. The motivation for this thesis stems from a societal and personal evaluation of the need for ethical behaviour in the procurement of goods and services for international aid and is supported by a willingness by IANGOs to explore the potential for conducting procurement practices in their supply networks in an ethical manner. To address these issues this research aims to explore ethical procurement strategies for IANGOs in humanitarian supply chains. To achieve these aims our methodological approach is qualitative, which means that it studies the subjects in their natural environments, and seeks to understand phenomena by understanding the meanings given to them by actors. We undertook a multiple case study approach and conducted in-depth interviews with senior logistics and purchasing managers in IANGO organisations, together with a survey of IANGO suppliers. Our contribution to EP strategies for IANGOs at the strategic level is to develop a conceptual framework for collaborative ethical procurement due diligence (CEPDD) between IANGOs in HSCs. At the tactical level we identify inhibitors and enables to CEPDD between IANGOs, their suppliers’ networks and donors. At the operational level we develop a risk-rating framework which provides IANGOs with a tool to establish a collaborative procurement code of conduct (COC) ethics system which can be used to assess ethical risks in HSCs. Our findings demonstrate SC co-opetition strategies are being enacted by IANGOs to explore the formulation of CEPDD. We establish there are concerns surrounding ethical risk in HSCs that differ from CSCs in relation to IANGO relationships with donors, and supplier networks. We apply our risk rating framework to highlight inhibitors to CEPDD throughout IANGO supplier networks and donor relations, and in doing so we determine that apart from the actions of a lead IANGO, ethical procurement due diligence is not instigated in a formalised manner. Tactically our risk-rating framework is of practical importance as it allows IANGOs to access the relevant information concerning inhibitors and enablers in order to evaluate CEPDD ideas and schemes, and to make informed decisions towards participation. These factors facilitate initiatives by directing efforts towards issues of concern and shifting focus towards the critical problem areas which need to be addressed. Operationally it provides a guide in horizontal cooperation considerations in CEPDD by acting as a basis of decision choices for the construction of a framework of COCs between IANGOs.

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Shepherd, Mark. "Practice-based capacity building for staff in Cambodian non-government organisations." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438515.

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Adhikari, Mukunda Prasad. "Social auditing: Practices and challenges of non-government organisations (NGOs) in Nepal." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102466/5/Mukunda_Prasad_Adhikari_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis examines the nature of management-driven social audit and surrogates-driven social audit within the NGO sector in Nepal, and how they are used to create NGOs' accountability. While extant research largely looked at social audits within the corporate field, there is a limited study focusing on social audit within the NGO sector. Embracing surrogate accountability framework, thesis utilised 46 semi-structured in-depth interviews and document analysis to understand social audits and accountability. While NGOs claimed that management-driven audit facilitates stakeholders' empowerment; stakeholders-driven audit produced shadow accounts highlighted that NGOs' claim of their accountability and stakeholders' empowerment is questionable. This thesis provides in-depth understanding on underlying contradictions, tension, struggles and conflicts between NGOs and their stakeholders.

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Pillai, Savishna. "To what extent does governance affect funding of non-government organisations in Mauritius?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13741.

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This research study To what extent does governance affect funding of non-governmental organisations in Mauritius? was conducted in year 2013 and 2014. It sought to investigate how good governance practices had increasingly become a prerequisite in the service delivery of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in the country. Mauritius is often referred as the ‘Star’ of the Indian Ocean due to its successful socioeconomic development, rapid growth in its standard of living and the consolidation of its democratic institutions. However, the country, without any natural resources and heavily dependent on its multi ethnic population, remained among the most vulnerable countries in the world to global economic changes. In recent years the number of NGOs had mushroomed around the island to bring unprecedented contributions to grassroots communities’ development. This had raised the need to address the importance and impact NGOs have had on policies and in advancing initiatives that used to be exclusively in the domain of the State and Private Sector. With increased importance, came increased responsibility. The State aimed for NGOs to develop a system of proper governance. The rationale of this study was based on the premise that many NGOs in Mauritius were not aware of the characteristics of good governance practices. In addition, it explored the correlation between good governance and funding. Studies on governance of NGOs worldwide, demonstrated that most of them were facing funding issues due to failure in applying good governance practices. Also, among the main objectives of the research study were to identify between good and bad governance practices which affected the administration of NGOs.

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Lombard, Christoffel Nicolaas. "Operationalising the Capability Approach for Non-Government Organisations : Evidence from the SEEDS Consortium." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5267.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The idea that the development of people's capabilities lies at the heart of all community and social development has gained support internationally over the past decades. This reflects a significant shift in community and society development thinking, addressing the broad spectrum of social upliftment, human rights and poverty alleviation needs that gained ground during the different historic economic phases of the past two centuries. Historically development thinking progressed from a centralised, structured and systemic approach as, for example, espoused by Adam Smith and Karl Marx, to Maynard Keynes’s more people-centred approach, and more specifically the Capability Approach advanced by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. In the world of liberal democratic capitalism, the mainstream view of development holds that civil society is a key role player in both deepening democracy and enhancing forms of development through various programmes and practices. In turn, the professionalised Non-Governmental Organisations sector, as opposed to more localised community-based organisations or social movements, tends to receive most donor funding to deliver high impact interventions. In sum, the development of society’s capabilities relies significantly on NGOs to deliver capability enhancing services to the needy in society. A key consideration in development debates has been how to efficiently operationalise the development of capability enhancing activities based in the context of the Capability Approach, the focus of my study. This study recognises that NGOs are major delivery agents of development work, both in South Africa and internationally. Their operations focus on delivering quality impact on their beneficiary communities, and on raising funds to sustain their operations. The current methods to assess the impact of NGO operations, both by NGOs and their donors, primarily address past performance of the organisation in delivering external programmes as measured against the objectives stated in NGO concept and roll-out proposal documents. These assessments are customised for every NGO, making it impossible to standardise assessments for comparative and rating purposes and focus on external delivery. When problems are uncovered, this approach results in proposing corrective recommendations during or after completion of a funding round. This study argues that a gap exists in techniques to assess NGO internal performance to improve external delivery before and during NGO operations. Furthermore, it will contribute to assessing the merits of NGOs' internal capacity to deliver on the promises made in funding proposals - before and during NGO operations. In practice the assessment of an NGO for funding purposes currently consists of consideration of a project proposal in the form of a concept and roll-out document of what the organisation intends to achieve, accompanied by historic record data. The assessment of project roll-out focuses on the outputs claimed in the proposal document without paying too much attention to the NGOs internal organisational culture and capacity which is the key to successful external service delivery. In addressing this two part gap of incomplete assessment techniques and overlooked key internal indicators, the study demonstrates, via a series of ten case-studies, that a direct causal relationship exists between the internal organisational capabilities of an NGO, including the motivation, skills and culture of its staff, and its delivery on its external programmes. In essence, an organisation’s internal capabilities will impact directly on the organisation’s ability to deliver externally on its programmes. In spite of this, no standardised organisational capability assessment is used by NGOs or grantmakers, and to date no set of instruments exists to measure the internal capabilities of NGOs. The study sets out to address this gap by offering a methodology for the systemic assessment of internal NGO capabilities, and includes its operationalisation in a toolkit of instruments to measure these capabilities. The instruments presented enable the quantifying of qualitative staff motivational data to develop comparable baseline results between NGOs assessed, thereby presenting qualitative data in a quantitative form that enables a comparison between NGOs’ performances. This capacity addresses a significant shortcoming in the assessment of NGO performance based on purely qualitative assessment that is the current norm, not enabling a measurement against a standardised baseline for NGO performance. In contrast the validity and reliability of the proposed instruments are demonstrated through its application to ten real-world case studies drawn from the SEEDS Consortium. The system proposed in this study is based on Nel and Beudeker's commercial change management and organisational performance improvement model. Nel developed his system over a period of some twenty years whilst working for the then Arthur Andersen Consulting and subsequently as a private change management consultant focusing on the development of high performance organisations, and it has been administered in more than 3000 companies. This model uses key performance indicators, using quantitative methods to develop a standardised internal capability profile for a business based on qualitative data. This study expands on and makes innovative changes in developing new NGO specific metrics to substantially refine Nel's model and thus provides an instrument for measuring the capability profile of NGOs. The modifications were necessitated as Nel's model was designed for commercial change management applications presupposing that all governance considerations are in place and that the business is a running medium or large concern. Nel's proven commercial change management system does not make provision for NGO specific criteria that are critical indicators for both internal NGO performance assessment and for grant-maker capability assessments. The areas added to the instrument relate to internal NGO specific considerations such as internal governance, management, monitoring and evaluation processes that are standard and legislated compliance issues in commercial concerns. This goes beyond the requirements for a substantial commercial concern to include key internal organisation indicators that reflect the opinion of the staff, the people who deliver on the NGO's objectives. As staff are the people who directly impact on the NGO's output, the system does not only rely on the opinion of the CEO of the NGO or the fundraising staff, i.e. the "promise-makers", alone. In order to assess the value of the proposed method, and more specifically the internal capability toolkit, the measuring instruments were administered to the CEOs and staff of ten NGOs/NGO equivalent projects at universities. The responses were quantified and confirmed that in at least ten of these cases, there is a 95% correlation between internal organisational capability and external performance output, both positive and negative. The results also enabled the creation of a baseline internal capability profile for NGOs. Ten international grant-makers from OECD embassies were also interviewed on current methods of assessing funding applications, indicating a 62% confidence level in current systems and an 84% confidence level in the proposed internal organisational capability assessment method. This serves as an indicator of external delivery on promises and to guide internal change interventions to optimise output. This approach reflects the potential value of a shift in assessment thinking beyond a systems approach towards a people-centred approach that focusses on the measurement and development of the organisation and its staff's internal capabilities to meet and exceed its external delivery objectives. My research confirms that a focus on NGO internal organisational capabilities directly reflects the capability levels of staff to deliver externally. The output is a new, standardised, replicable and defendable methodology and toolkit of instruments for assessing an NGO’s current and future operational performance. The toolkit should also provide for the objective comparison of the performance of NGOs and thus be of great use for future grant-maker decision-making. It will also complement existing assessment techniques by focusing on the internal people motivation and capability issues of an NGO. Furthermore, the study provides a method to support organisational self-improvement efforts and grant-making efficiency that can be used in pre-project and during project capability assessment. This goes beyond the more prevalent post-project systemic and summative evaluation methods. In conclusion, the proposed method and toolkit can make a significant contribution to the efficiency of NGOs as the key role-players in enabling the delivery of capability development of communities and societies. All the elements described collectively point to a practical way to operationalise the Capability Approach, an aspect criticised as a weakness in Amartya Sen's work.

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Barcham, Lesley. "The education of deaf children in Zimbabwe : the changing roles of non-governmental organisations, the government and international organisations." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57656/.

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In this thesis I describe and analyse the development of education for deaf children in Zimbabwe, from its beginnings in the 1940s to 1994. I investigate in detail the changing policies and provision of non governmental organisations, the government and international organisations. The thesis is divided into three sections. The first section examines the literature relating to deaf education in Zimbabwe. the role of international organisations and the changes from charity to government provision. I introduce four propositions developed from the literature about, first the internationalisation of the debates about deaf education provision, second the limitation of charitable provision. third the struggles between interest groups and finally the influence of organisations of deaf people. I analyse the case study methodology used to investigate policies and practices. The second section describes the changes in the education for deaf children from the 1940s to 1994. I examine the early role of churches and charities and the gradual increase of government involvement. This section also plots the complex relationships between the government, non governmental and international organisations in the development of policy and practice. In the third and final section I return to the four original propositions and discuss the key findings relating to the changes in international policies and funding, the growing influence of deaf peoples organisations and reactive nature of government policies.

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Thomas, Natalie Kim. "The Politics of Partnership: The Role of Non-Government Organisations in Australian Drug Policy." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366598.

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The concepts of ‘partnership working’ and ‘intersectoral collaboration’ have become increasingly central to contemporary policy discourse on drugs and crime in Western liberal states, and the non-government sector now plays an integral role in the drug policy systems of many countries. Governments have actively sought to partner with non-government organisations in addressing drug problems and formulating effective drug policy. There has, however, been little empirical investigation of non-government policy work and their relationships with the bureaucratic state in the drugs field. This thesis responds to this gap by providing an account of the development of the idea of government/non-government ‘partnerships’ in the Australian drugs field, and presents new data on the broader role of non-government organisations in drug policy. Informed by governmentality and critical policy studies literature, this thesis adopts a qualitative approach that engages with three major sources of data: 1) Primary governmental documents including national and state and territory drug policy documents; 2) semi-structured interviews with 19 representatives from Australian non-government organisations; and 3) documents produced by non-government organisations.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Hornby, Diana Scot. "Learning organisations: an exploration of the extent to which early childhood development non-government organisations (NGOS) in the Eastern Cape Province are learning organisations." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/242.

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The first decade of democracy marks a massive transition in the life of South African children. The South African Constitution is perhaps the most assertive affirmation of the rights of children any where in the world. The new Government has highlighted the plight of young children by publishing the first white paper for children under the age of 6 years: Education White Paper (5) on Early Childhood Development (RSA, 2001) as well as other policies to guide an integrated developmental approach to early childhood services. Despite progress, according to Porteus (in Chisholm 2004), the gains have not been strong enough to work against the momentum of inequity facing the nation’s young. Non Government Organisations have played a key role over the past thirty years to establish services that address the developmental needs of disadvantaged young children under the age of 6 years. Their challenge now, is to respond to the changes in a transforming state and provide services that are relevant and appropriate. There has been a ‘realignment’ occurring in the ECD sector where activities have shifted beyond the formal classroom possibilities to pro-child social development. This adjustment is making huge demands on the ECD sector as they grapple with the paradigm shift. The Learning Organisation is a strategy that allows organisations to re-invent themselves and remain relevant. The focus of this study examines five ECD NGO’s in the Eastern Cape Province, to assess the extent to which they meet the characteristics that make a learning organisation, in the current democratic context of South Africa. The research was qualitative in nature and utilizing the case study method and through semi-structured interview schedules and document analysis, the researcher was able to gain insight into the Organisations. The Directors in five organisations formed the core of the research sample. The research findings suggest that although the Directors are grappling with the paradigm shift to an integrated, pro-child social development approach, the human resources within organisations are not being fully mobilised, enhanced and tapped. Practicing a Learning Organisation strategy would assist the ECD NGO’s to re-invent themselves, but the research findings suggest that these characteristics remain under-utilized.

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Al-Kaiawin, M. M. "The relationship between non-governmental organisations and the government in Jordan : cooperation or cooptation." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635689.

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There is widespread recognition of the central role played by non-governmental organisations in a modern pluralistic society, together with a growing realisation that the participation of NGOs an enhance the democratic process, as well as provide many services more effectively than governmental bodies. However, such a model of NGO role tends to be based on western, first world experience; its uncritical application to a third world context may entail unforeseen problems if local cultural, political and economic factors are inadequately understood. The lack of research on Jordanian NGOs makes it desirable to start by analysing their present status and exploring their relationship with the government. This research has reviewed the mainly western literature on NGOs, as well as literature on NGOs in the Arab world, and then has gone on to describe the political, economic and social context in which Jordanian NGOs have to operate. The results of a survey conducted on a stratified random sample of 76 NGOs in Jordan are presented in addition to in-depth interviews with policy makers, NGO representatives and experts in the field. The rational for a combination of both qualitative and quantitative investigative methods as deemed appropriate to the Jordanian context and to the topic of the research are presented. The research reveals that several factors affect the relationship between the public and NGO sectors; these include political, managerial, structural, financial and legal issues. The main findings of the research show that NGOs in Jordan rely mainly on a relief and service delivery approach, which is understandable in the light of the political and economic situation in the country since its establishment. This thrust negates an active advocacy role for NGOs. Both NGOs and the government believe it is necessary to amend the current law governing the establishment and existence of NGOs, reflecting a general tendency that appears often in the research in which both NGO and governmental representatives express their wish for an improvement on the present NGO-government relationship, without necessarily changing it.

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Muspratt-Williams, Angela. "Strategic thinking by non-government organisations for sustainability : a review of the logical framework approach." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1512.

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Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
The awareness of the environmental crisis and the impact of rising poverty globally has led to the search for sustainable solutions. The United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) describe the solution as a secure peaceful world, a healthier environment and a better quality of life for all. Nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) are important development actors in realising this goal. They work within civil society and focus on the empowerment of the vulnerable and marginalised through the transfer of skills, resources and power. Their flexibility, commitment to social justice and strong relationships with the community allow NGOs to develop creative responses, developing new models for sustainable solutions. A weakness of NGOs is the inability to provide reliable evidence of the effect, or impact, of programmes and their contribution towards a better society. Further the reliance on donor funding can change the focus of accountability from the beneficiaries to donors and stakeholders. The study is based in the given reality that NGOs are required to adopt a more strategic outcomes orientated approach to programme and project planning to be able to measure the impact of services to improve the effectiveness of services and prove their added value to society. This is most often done through the Logical Framework Approach (LFA) as a planning model, as many governments, multilateral aid agencies and donors use this model to develop policies and determine funding priorities. This study therefore gives an overview of the literature regarding the principles, benefits and challenges of the LFA from various sources. These are considered within the diverse and complex development context and how the complexity affects the use of this tool in planning, monitoring and evaluation. The LFA is based on the Management by Objectives model. The LFA provides a relatively objective, systematic and thoughtful guide to project planning which enables organisations to measure their progress in realising goals. The visually accessible log frame explains how the use of resources will contribute towards reaching the goal. It enables the organisation to present their projects to a wider audience increasing its accountability to donors, stakeholders and beneficiaries. Yet, organisations are often very critical of the use of the Logical Framework Approach as it assumes that society is a stable environment where factors can be manipulated to bring about expected results. It ignores the dynamic, complex and frequently unpredictable nature of society and the non-linear path of social learning and empowerment. Further the model can be misused and exploited to enforce power relationships resulting in the development of inappropriate or irrelevant projects that do not meet the needs of the intended beneficiaries. The study concludes that, despite all the criticisms, the Logical Framework Approach can be a very useful tool and provides recommendations that will help find a balance between the structured planning process and the participative and creative social learning techniques. NGOs can be focussed and accountable and still remain more responsive to the needs of communities.

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Mwanza, Peggy. "Role of non-governmental organisations in basic education policy reform in Lusaka province of Zambia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8943.

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Through an exploration and analysis of the roles of Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) in education policy reform particularly at the Basic Education level in Zambia, this thesis argues that over the past few decades, NGOs have become increasingly visible. Indeed, since the 1990s, many NGOs supporting education have entered the arena of advocacy and policy dialogue with government; yet the success of internationally recognised goals - such as Education For All (EFA) – seem as remote as ever. To address the concern regarding the role of NGOs in education policy, qualitative methodological approaches were utilised. These included interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions and documentary analysis. This research finds that the participation of NGOs in Basic Education Policy Reform in Zambia needs to be “reformulated” to end problems concerning access, inequity and quality in education. Although NGOs are involved in policy through their roles as service providers and policy advocates, the majority depend on foreign donor funding which creates tensions between government strategies and donor priorities. Due to their dependence on international funding NGOs in Lusaka province appear to have made a limited contribution to educational developments. The government of Zambia, because of its indebtness, has accepted neo-liberal policies in education which are frequently tied to conditionalities in aid packages. Therefore, it has been found that NGOs have helped the neo-liberal agenda of donors rather than the needs of local communities and schools. The conclusion one must draw, is that if NGOs are to contribute to minimising educational problems, they need to support policies that are indigenous that put educational needs of all children, especially the marginalised and vulnerable, first.

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Truscott, Keith. "Research problem: What are the differences between Wadjela and Nyungar criteria when assessing organisational effectiveness of non-government human service organisations?" Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1368.

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Wadjela and Nyungar experts (of managerial, administrative, service staff), from the same South-West city location in Western Australia were randomly chosen from the non-government human service field for separate workshops and asked the question “what makes a non-government human service organisation effective?" The purpose was to compare the group consensus answer between the two separate workshop groups. The Nyungars are the Indigenous people in the South-West of Western Australia and the Wadjelas are the Non-Indigenous people living in the same area. The results listed five criteria, in order of priority that made non-government human service organisations effective. For the Wadjela community these were: I. A clear and shared vision of its task 2. Clear organisational structure which promotes strategic thinking and practice 3. Experienced and dedicated staff 4. Clear and client-based focus and strategies 5, Clarity of and relevant mission or goals. For the Nyungar community the results were: 1. A vision shared of Aboriginal culture and values 2. Appropriate management and finance incorporating Aboriginal culture and values 3. Recognition and identification of need 4. Diverse representation on Committee 5. Community involvement. Analysis and discussion of the findings were attempted from an Australian Indigenous perspective of people, place and parable. The conclusion is that the difference between Wadjela and Nyungar criteria in assessing organisational effectiveness in non-government organisations is that the former utilise a mechanical efficiency model and the latter a commitment to the whole community model. These differences were seen to be a contest between two world-views, that of a continuity of pragmatic relationships versus that of continuity of stewardship relationships.

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Committee, Advisory. "Structural relationships between government and civil society organisations." Office of the Deputy President, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65958.

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1. BACKGROUND 1.1 The key aspects on which the Committee was charged to advise the Deputy President on were: • the appropriate and functional relationships that could be evolved between government and organs of civil society with respect to the provision of capacity for the implementation of the RDP; • the feasibility of an appropriate funding mechanism that would enable a co-ordinated approach to the funding of civil society organisations, the relationships of such a mechanism with current development funding players and other transitional mechanisms; • a mechanism to promote a sustainable partnership between these organisations with government. KEY FINDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE After careful consideration of all pertinent factors, the Committee established that: 2. 1 In spite of broad support for the RDP, there is no coordinated approach to tackling poverty. Government has been able to attract aid and has not found it easy to use such large funding owing to processes of change management and the processes of setting up local government infrastructures. Concomitant with these issues is the lack of management skills at the Government levels. 2. 2 Organs of civil society involved in development work in South Africa remain a rich inheritance for the Government of National Unity. These institutions, generally referred to as Community Based Organisations (CBOs) or Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) span a wide variety of the development landscape. These organs of Civil Society seek to fuel the development agenda of South Africa through participation in the RDP, but have often found themselves frustrated by the lack of clear policy and connecting points with Government in general. 2. 3 Experience from other countries show that the role of CSOs in development and the sustenance of democracy is a key feature of advanced democracies. Foreign research proved that cooperation between CSOs and various tiers government has often produced positive results. Owing to their affinity, empathy and proximity to the broader populace CSOs have always proved to be effective in meeting the basic needs of the population they serve. 2. 4 The initial energizing force for development which broadly funded the CSO sector has transformed. Local development funding institutions have developed a new focus and business approach. The Kagiso Trust and the IDT are gearing themselves to operate as development implementation institutions as against solely the funding of development and the facilitation of funding for development initiatives. 2. 5 Foreign aid funding, money which was historically marked for CSOs, is largely being directly channeled to Government. This source of funding has progressively declined since the 1994 elections. Indications are that this pattern is likely to continue as erstwhile traditional International Aid donors prefer bilateral funding arrangements with government. Corporate grant funding which in any case has always been limited to the CSO sector will continue to flow to corporate programmes and will remain a significant factor to this sector. 2. 6 Development CSOs operate within a restrictive environment in respect of taxation and registration. 2.7 There is broad and significant support for a positive structural relationship and a coordinated funding mechanism between CSOs and Government to promote the objectives and principles of the RDP. 2.8 The need to establish a channel of communication between CSOs and government. Through this mechanism, government and CSOs would be able to agree on RDP and development.
Prepared for the Deputy President the Honorable Mr Thabo Mbeki

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Herring, Mathew. "The catalytic role of non government organisations in the prevention of blindness : the case of India /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ISG/09isgh567.pdf.

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Madinda, Ncumisa. "An assessment of the nature and implementation of markerting strategies of selected Eastern Cape Non-Government Organisations." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020114.

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This dissertation is an assessment of the nature and implementation of marketing strategies of selected Eastern Cape non-government organisations. Poverty alleviation and service delivery remain the major focus of the South African government, after nineteen years of democracy (post-apartheid era). One of the civil societies that is key in working with the government in alleviating poverty and looking after the interests of the poor and marginalised individuals within the society is non-government organisations (NGOs). NGOs are organisations that are voluntary, independent, not-for-profit, and not self-serving in aims and related values. In August 1995, NGOs moved very quickly to establish the South African NGO Coalition (Sangoco). This was as a result of the Non-Profit Organisations Act 1997. Government reorganised the political environment for NGOs. They were provided with access to the fourth chamber of the National Economic Labour and Development Council, - the country's premier corporatist-style consensus-building agency, - on condition that such representation occurs through a single body. Sangoco now serves as a representative umbrella body for approximately 6,000 affiliated NGOs. Sangoco's primary role is that of advancing the interests of the poor. It is also concerned with developing an enabling environment for the NGO sector and providing an arena for mutual monitoring. Even though the Non-Profit Organisations Act opened the doors for NGOs to raise funds freely and also obtain allowances from the government, the bureaucratisation and commercialisation of NGOs made it almost impossible to access these funds, hence, most NGOs today are closing down. A literature review was conducted to determine what theory reveals about strategic marketing for profit organisations. Furthermore, how the marketing principles that are used in businesses can be implemented to ensure sustainability of non-profit organisations. The empirical study was conducted through questionnaires and interviews with the management of the NGOs. In Chapter 4 of this study findings are presented and in Chapter 5 recommendations are made. Further studies can be conducted to determine some of the areas that the NGOs can improve on, in order to run an effective and efficient non-profit organization.

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Powell, Rebecca. "British policy on human trafficking : the role of non-governmental organisations in seeking change." University of Western Australia. Political Science and International Relations Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0193.

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This thesis looks at the role of British anti-trafficking NGOs in the development of the British policy response to human trafficking. Anti-trafficking NGOs are classified as insiders in the policy process which allows them access to the decision makers during policy developments. Through their insider status, NGOs have promoted their policy agenda for a victim-centred, balanced policy response to human trafficking to the government. A balanced policy response to human trafficking that contains a law enforcement approach with adequate and supportive measures for the protection and support of trafficked victims, has been internationally hailed as being required to tackle human trafficking at a national level. Although the British government has welcomed the input of NGOs in policy developments in response to human trafficking in Britain, the government's primary association of human trafficking with illegal immigration has prevented NGOs from achieving influential success. This thesis argues that the government's associations of human trafficking with illegal immigration have prevented it from further developing its human rights response to trafficking. A victim-centred approach to trafficking will support the existing law enforcement response in achieving an increase in successful prosecutions against the traffickers. Further, it is noted that policy developments in Britain are incremental and slow and the development of a policy response to human trafficking is no exception. By looking at the latest stage of British policy developments on human trafficking, the possibility of a balanced response has emerged for the first time. However, although the government has indicated its commitment to achieving such a response, no practical policy initiatives have been developed or implemented to affirm this commitment. This thesis contributes to the existing and growing body of literature on human trafficking policy in the UK. It aims to contribute to an understanding of how British anti-trafficking NGOs have used their status as insiders in the policy making process in order to influence policy developments, and to understand the limited success that they have experienced.

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Smith, Michael. "The framing of rhino horn demand reduction by Vietnamese ENGOs: cultural and other factors influencing the 'Responsibility' frame in ENGO media outputs." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/371949.

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Rhinos in Africa are threatened species mostly because of the trade in rhino horn centred in Vietnam. Can the media play a role in saving the rhino? This study aims to identify and analyse the key frames used by Environmental Non-Government Organisations (ENGOs) in Vietnam in their media campaign to reduce demand for the rhino horn and to evaluate the frames’ effectiveness. The study reviews the literature and addresses three key research questions about the identity of the frames, the cultural and other factors that influence the production of the frames and the efficacy of the frames used in respective ENGO campaigns. It uses a mixed method approach of press release framing analysis and semi-structured interviews to address the research questions. It identifies that four key frames are used almost exclusively by ENGOs, three of which belong to generic framing categories found in the environmental communication literature: “science”, “public accountability” and “attribution of responsibility”. The fourth frame “empowerment” represents a key function of social marketing campaigns in Vietnam. This study finds that the main challenges for ENGOs are proving Vietnam’s responsibility for the rhino poaching in South Africa, creating culture and audience appropriate frames to influence public opinion in order to change the behaviour of buyers and users of rhino horn and advocating stronger enforcement and prosecution efforts in Vietnam. It finds some ENGO strategies and practices potentially problematic - such as the use of consequence and association instead of evidence in the “Responsibility” frame, and the persistent but possibly unintentional enactment of crisis themes in a culture where the consumption of rare wildlife is highly valued. However, it finds that existing strategies such as the use of local staff to consult on cultural issues, using themes that are pertinent to the public, building relationships with selected journalists, interactions with selected elites, indirect gentle consumer-focused communication approaches and the use of graphic photos of mutilated rhinos or rhino family groups instead of photos that capture the animal’s power and majesty may be effective. The study recommends that ENGOs should emphasise the data they have collected that is evidence of Vietnam’s role as a key consumer nation; and become more “frame aware” in their selection, exclusion and emphasis of framing devices in their media outputs. It recommends the ENGOs produce strategic background frames, such as biodiversity education frames to begin the process of competing with existing problematic audience frames. The results suggest implications for further research such as a content analysis and framing analysis of the ENGO’s social media outputs. In a developing country which has a phenomenal uptake of social media and smart phone use such a study would be timely. Also useful would be a study of the dramatic interpretation of frames that ENGOs incorporate in television public service announcements (PSAs), an exploration of the investigative journalism practice into the illegal wildlife trade in Vietnam and a study into the generalisability of key messages and frames used by ENGOs in Vietnam to reduce demand in a selection of key illegal wildlife products. By taking both an internal and external approach to investigating the source strategies and cultural and external factors influencing framing of this emerging environmental movement in Vietnam, this study also illuminates the efficacy of current communication strategies and suggests ways to achieve improved outcomes combatting worldwide threats to wildlife
Thesis (Masters)
Master of Medical Research (MMedRes)
School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc
Arts, Education and Law
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Grevis-James, Nancy T. "The interactions between police and people with intellectual disabilities from the perspective of non - government organisations in QLD." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/98750/4/Nancy_Grevis-James_Thesis.pdf.

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This qualitative study examined the multiple dynamics that surround the interactions between people with intellectual disability (ID) and police from the perspective of non-government organisations (NGOs) in Queensland. It was found that people with ID experience a complicated set of obstacles to a just and fair engagement with the Criminal Justice System that could be improved through effective relationships formed between NGOs and police.

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Teuber, Günter Max. "Managementprobleme afrikanischer "Non-Government Organizations" (NGOs) : eine Analyse aus entwicklungspolitischer Sicht, basierend auf Fallbeispielen aus den anglophonen Entwicklungsländern des südlichen Afrika /." Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Bern [etc.] : P. Lang, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37440318r.

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Nefdt, Wendy Muriel. "The transforming roles of management boards in non-profit social welfare organisations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53690.

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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Universally social welfare organisations are under considerable pressure to perform in new and demanding ways. Continual change in one form or another is an inescapable part of both social and organisational life. After the political transformation of 1994, all South African non-profit social welfare organisations were called upon to participate in the development of an equitable, people-centred, democratic and developmental social welfare system. The process of reconstruction and development which is currently underway in South Africa requires non-profit social welfare organisations to transform their governance structures and approach in keeping with the new social developmental approach to service delivery such as the White Paper for Social Welfare (1997), the Non-profit Organisations Act (1997), the Public Finance Management Act (1999), the Codes of Good Practice for South African Non-profit Organisations (2001) and the Code of Corporate Governance - King II Report (2002). The political reforms in South Africa and the dramatic change in socio-economic policies and legislation such as the promulgation of the White Paper for Social Welfare (1997) illustrates how the external environment could impact on the provisioning of social welfare services in the non-profit sector. Social welfare organisations are therefore challenged to transform their governance structures to reflect the legislative changes in the country. In order for social welfare service providers to implement a developmental approach to social welfare, management boards of non-profit social welfare organisations need to adopt a proactive role in facilitating the transformation process. The management board is a policy making body of the organisation with a legal duty to ensure that the organisation's actions are consistent with the its goals and objectives. The motivation for the research study is to explore whether management boards of non-profit social welfare organisations had transformed their governance structure and practice in keeping with the transformed social welfare legislation and codes of practice. The literature review demonstrates that management boards of social welfare organisations have clearly defined roles and responsibilities. A more progressive perspective on the roles and responsibilities is linked to the management board's ability to respond to changing environments. According to theorists on modern governance (Carver, 1990, Abels and Murphey, 1981, and Herman, 1989), management boards should initiate, plan and manage the change process in order to improve the operational effectiveness of the organisation and to strive towards what ought to be for the creation of a just society. The White Paper for Social Welfare (1997) describes a just society as being one that facilitates the development of human capacity and self-reliance within a caring and enabling environment. The findings of the study conclude that the majority of management boards of social welfare organisations have transformed their governance structure however, they should be more informed about contemporary governance practices and social welfare transformation processes. Management boards need to develop an agenda for social transformation in order to respond more proactively to the call for a transformed social welfare practice in the country. The legislative framework of the South African Government makes provision for the formulation of principles and regulations that guide transformation practices in the non-profit social welfare sector. In order to ensure that transformation takes place within the sector, the government has mandated the Department of Social Development with the responsibility to monitor the process. The challenge that exists for the Department of Social Development is to create a structure for dialogue and feedback between the various role players in order to share the responsibility for the transformation of social welfare practice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oor die algemeen is daar 'n redelike mate van druk op welsynsorganisasies om op nuwe en uitdagende maniere dienste te lewer. Voortdurende verandering in die een of ander vorm is 'n onvermydelike deel van beide die sosiale en organisatoriese lewe. Na die politieke transformasie van 1994 is daar 'n beroep gedoen op alle nie-winsgewende maatskaplike welsynsorganisasies in Suid Afrika om deel te neem aan die ontwikkeling van 'n gelyke, mens-gesentreerde, demokratiese en ontwikkelende maatskaplike welsynsisteem . Die proses van rekonstruksie en ontwikkeling wat tans in Suid-Afrika aan die gang is, vereis van nie-winsgewende welsynsorganisasies om hulle bestuurstrukture en benadering in ooreenstemming te bring met die nuwe maatskaplike ontwikkkelingsbenadering tot dienslewering soos vervat in die Witskrif vir Maatskaplike Welsyn (1997), Die politieke hervorminge in Suid-Afrika en die dramatise veranderinge in sosio-ekonomiese beleid en wetgewing, soos byvoorbeeld die uitvaardiging van die Witskrif vir Maatkskaplike Welsyn (1997), Wet op Organisasies sonder Winsoogmerk (1997), Wet op Openbare Finansiële Bestuur (1999), Kodes vir Goeie Praktyk vir Suid Afrikaanse Nie-Winsgewende Organisasies (2001) en die Kode vir Korporatiewe Bestuur- King II Verslag (2002), illustreer hoe die eksterne omgewing die voorsiening van maatskaplike welsynsdienste in die nie-winsgewende sektor kan beïnvloed. Maatskaplike welsynsoganisasies staan daarom voor die uitdaging om hulle bestuurstrukture sodanig te verander, dat dit 'n weerspieëling sal wees van die wetgewende veranderinge in die land. Om die maatskaplike welsyns-voorsieners in staat te stelom 'n ontwikkelings -benadering te implimenteer, moet bestuursrade van nie-winsgewende organisasies 'n pro-aktiewe rol speel om die transformasie proses te fasiliteer. Die bestuursraad is die beleidmaker van die organisasie en het 'n wetlike verpligting om seker te maak dat die organisasie se optrede in ooreenstemming is met die organisasie se doelstellings. Die motivering vir die navorsing is om ondersoek in te stelof bestuursrade van nie-winsgewende maatskaplike welsynsorganisasies hulle bestuursstrukture en praktyk aangepas het om in ooreenstemming te wees met die veranderde maatskaplike welsynswetgewing en praktyk kodes. Die literatuurstudie toon aan dat bestuursrade van maatskaplike welsynsorganisasies duidelike gedefinieerde rolle en verantwoordelikhede het. 'n Meer progressiewe perspektief op die rolle en verantwoordelikhede is gekoppel aan die bestuursrade se vermoë om te reageer op veranderende omgewings. Volgens skrywers oor moderne bestuur (Carver, 1990, Abels en Murphey, 1981, en Herman, 1989), moet bestuursrade die veranderingsproses inisieer, beplan en bestuur ten einde die operasionele effektiwiteit van die organisasies te verbeter en om te streef na wat behoort te wees vir die totstandkoming van 'n regverdige samelewing. Die Wit Skrif vir Maatskaplike Welsyn (1997) beskryf 'n regverdige samelewing as een wat die ontwikkeling , van die kapasiteit van die mens en sy vermoë tot selfstandigheid fasiliteer binne 'n ondersteunende en bemagtigende omgewing. Die wetgewende raamwerk van die Suid Afrikaanse Regering maak voorsiening vir die formulering van beginsels en regulasies wat die transformasie proses in die nie-winsgewende maatskaplike welsyn sektor begelei. Om te verseker dat transformasie wel plaasvind binne hierdie sektor, het die regering 'n mandaat gegee aan die Departement van Maatskaplike Ontwikkeling om hierdie proses te monitor. Die uitdaging vir die Department van Maatskaplike Ontwikkeling lê daarin om 'n struktuur daar te stel vir dialoog en terugvoering tussen die verskillende rolspelers sodat hulle gesamentlik verantwoordelikheid kan neem vir die transformasie van die maatskaplike welsyn praktyk.

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O'Leary, Moira Patricia, and moira mal@gmail com. "The influence of values on development practice: A study of Cambodian development practitioners in non-government organisations in Cambodia." La Trobe University. Social Work and Social Policy, 2006. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20061025.123141.

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Evaluation reports, along with development studies literature suggest that development practice is often failing to enact espoused participatory, empowering and gender equitable approaches or to achieve these espoused goals. Mainstream development theories are underpinned by values and beliefs about what is good and what �ought to be�. In this study I explore the influence of values on the development practice of Cambodian practitioners working in non-government organisations in rural Cambodia. Development practitioners are the major conduit of community based development assistance, but little is known about how their values impact their day-to-day practice, and influence their moral and political choices. In the study I used ethnographic methodology, guided by feminist principles. The research was conducted with individuals and groups of experienced, mostly Cambodian development practitioners. Data were collected in four phases through in-depth and semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and observations of practice. I examine the (in)congruity between practitioners� espoused theories and values and those demonstrated by their practice. The findings reveal that the values are not essentially different but are prioritized differently. The espoused values are consistent with those of the international development discourse, all of which are premised on a belief in human equality. Theories and values inferred from actual practice reflect hierarchical underpinnings. In the Cambodian context this is consistent with socio-cultural values and the hierarchical order of society. However, as expatriate research participants and the literature attest, this incongruence is not particular to Cambodian practitioners. The study reveals practitioners give higher priority to fulfilling the tasks necessary for the achievement of their NGOs� planned outputs and organisational imperatives than to the facilitation of participatory and empowering processes. At the same time, the enactment of some development values is in tension with certain socio-cultural norms and practices. Practitioners are challenged to make desirable development values explicit and identify how to operationalise them in the lived social, cultural, political and economic context.

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O'Leary, Moira Patricia. "The influence of values on development practice : a study of Cambodian development practitioners in non-government organisations in Cambodia /." Access full text, 2006. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/thesis/public/adt-LTU20061025.123141/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- La Trobe University, 2006.
Research. "A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [to the] School of Social Work and Social Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria". Includes bibliographical references (leaves 328-351). Also available via the World Wide Web.

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Shabalala, Nomcebo. "The role of social workers in promoting environmental justice for sustainable communities from non-government organisations' perspective in Tshwane." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77292.

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In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted by state nations across the globe to eradicate poverty in all its forms, combat inequality, preserve the planet, create sustainable economic growth and foster social inclusion (United Nations [UN], 2015:5). Social work is committed to contributing to sustainable development by responding to social and economic injustices (Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development, 2012). The goal of this research study was to explore and describe the role of social workers in promoting environmental justice for sustainable communities from a non-government perspective in Tshwane. The researcher adopted a qualitative research approach and an instrumental case study design. The sample of eight participants was purposively selected from non-governmental organisations in Tshwane and data was collected through semi-structured one-on-one interviews. The findings of the study indicate that participants had some understanding of environmental justice and that both people and the natural environment should be equally protected and advocated in social work interventions. Although some current interventions reflect an environmental focus, participants were not consciously aware of their role in environmental justice and sustainable development. The study concluded that social workers understand the challenges that are respectively posed by the social and natural environment but not necessarily how they are intertwined and related to environmental injustices and green social work. Recommendations include education and awareness-raising of social workers on environmental justice and adopting green social work as a practice model.
Mini Dissertation (MSW (Social Development and Policy))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Social Work and Criminology
MSW (Social Development and Policy)
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Zungu, Patricia Thandiwe. "An examination of the extent of participation by non-governmental organisations (NGO's) in the legislative process of the Kwa Zulu Natal legislature." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07052007-132625.

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Van, Rooyen Garth. "Understanding resilience among non-government organisations in post-apartheid South Africa: a case study of Youth For Christ Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4985.

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Magister Administrationis - MAdmin
Many Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in South Africa are currently under pressure or threat of closure. Although there have been advances in civil society-state relations after the transition from apartheid to democracy, there has also been a steady decline in the number of CSOs in South Africa since 1994. The reasons for this decline are complex and varied. Given the value CSOs make in contributing to a lively democracy, it is important to explore the factors which enhance or undermine resilience in such organisations. This study focuses on understanding resilience among Non-government organisations (as an example of a CSO) in post-apartheid South Africa using Youth For Christ Cape Town as a case study. The site for this study was chosen as YFC Cape Town is arguably one of South Africa's oldest NGOs being formed in 1948. This study aims to, therefore, establish how CSOs in South Africa can ensure resilience and longevity in a complex and evolving political environment by drawing lessons from the selected case study. The elements which have emerged as being important to resilience are (1) Funding; (2) Technical skills; (3) Accessing networks; (4) Adaptation; (5) Core values; (6) Innovation; (7) Leadership. The study found that these factors should not be viewed as isolated elements but rather be seen as integrated developmental framework for ensuring resilience. Another key finding is located around organisational identity. Although adaptation in terms of how the organisation functions are necessary to navigate shifts in the environment, the identity of the organisation should remain the same. Organisations who change their identity amidst shocks and changes within the system are not very resilient while those who don't are.

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Mushi, Andrew A. "Civil society in the era of good governance dispensation : Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and the politics of engaging Government in Tanzania." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2964/.

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The thesis set out to investigate the politics of Non-Governmental Organisation (NGOs) engaging the Government in Tanzania. The aim of the study is to get an understanding of the context, ways and means in which NGOs in Tanzania engage (with) the government to influence its policies and decisions. The thesis also analyses the implications and role of NGOs in bringing about social change in Tanzania. The thesis shows the relationship of subordination that is constituted through the operation of NGOs within the social, economic and political institutions of Tanzanian civil society. It offers an insight into the neo-liberal views that informs the distribution of aid to developing nations, and the affect this has had on state-civil society relationships within the Tanzanian nation state. Theoretically, the thesis uses Gramsci’s notion of hegemony which applies both at national level and international level. The counter hegemony which Gramsci expounds in terms of war of manoeuvre and war of position has been highlighted in relations to works of NGOs and civil society development. The thesis examines the engagement of Tanzanian NGOs to influence the process of NGO Policy and Act making; and monitoring the poverty strategies through the Campaign Against Poverty-Tanzania (GCAP-T). The thesis posit the future of NGOs on how they could side and work with people to create a society based on people needs, vision and aspiration.

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Nkhoma, Patrick. "Aid administration of bilateral, multilateral and non-government organisations in the primary education sector: A comparative case study analysis of Zambia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1052.

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This is a study of the administration of aid by bilateral, multilateral and non-government organisations in Zambia during the period 1990 to 2000. The particular purpose of this study is to compare the aid programs administered by the above organisations to the primary education sector using a case study approach. The study critically analyses how the performance of these organisation is or is not influenced by setting clear objectives, by elaborating planning processes and implementation arrangements. The study uses a matrix table developed through a NUD*IST retrieval reports generated from the data collected from each organisation’s documentation and in-depth interviews with key personnel. The study responds to five key research questions. These are: (a) what are the dominant objectives for each program: (b) how these objectives are structured: (c) what is the nature of the planning process: (d) what are the main channels for executing the programs: and what are the outcomes of the programs. The findings show that the aid organisations in the study have played a major role administering primary education sector programs through the provision of finance and technical assistance, however, most of these organisations, especially the bilateral and multilateral organisations, have not been very effective in delivering value to Zambia’s primary educations sector. Even though bilateral and multilateral aid organisations may have clearly defined objectives and elaborate planning processes, they normally use other agencies to implement their programs. The research shows that this causes loss of focus and control which consequently affects the performance of the programs. Non-government organisations, the third category of aid organisations, on the other hand, are directly involved in the implementation of the programs even though they may have no set objectives or elaborate planning processes. Their approach is to involve the members of the local communities in the selection and planning of specific projects based on local need. These organisations, therefore, register better performance as they maintain more control and are unable to ensure more successful outcomes.

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Zungu, Patricia Thandiwe. "An examination of the extent of participation by non-governmental organisations (NGO's) in the legislative process of the KwaZulu-Natal legislature." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26071.

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This study entails an examination of the extent of participation by non-governmental organisations (NGO’s) in the legislative process of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature (KZN legislature). It aims to explore how far these NGO’s have taken advantage of the new South African policy based on transparency, openness and accountability. It is hypothesized that organised groups such as these have been very involved in government decision-making processes, since the start of the new democratic South Africa in 1994. This study, however, proves that there is minimal public participation and especially NGO participation in the KZN Legislature in particular and in government in general. It further uncovers various problems experienced by these NGO’s in trying to participate in the legislative process. The legislature’s inaccessibility was seen as one of the major inhibiting factors. Apathy and lack of interest in the legislative process were also identified as a problem amongst these NGO’s. This study has raised many issues that both the NGO sector and the KZN Legislature itself have to address in order that our newly founded democracy can be truly nurtured. This study is divided into two parts. The first part explores literature on democracy, that enables the policy making process and civil society to help give a clear indication on what various authors think should be the input of civil society in the policy making process of any democratic country. The second part looks at the South African situation and the findings of this study.
Dissertation (MA (Political Policy Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Political Sciences
unrestricted

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Edgar, Gemma Tamsin Social Sciences &amp International Studies Faculty of Arts &amp Social Sciences UNSW. "What does it mean to engage with the state? a comparative case study of two non-government organisations working with marginalised young people." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Social Sciences & International Studies, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44569.

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This thesis is centrally concerned with the question of how non-government organisations (NGOs) can support marginalised young people and the role the state plays in facilitating this. It utilises a comparative case study methodology and examines the circumstances of two NGOs, Twenty10: Gay and Lesbian Youth Support, located in Sydney, Australia and the Albert Kennedy Trust (AKT) which is located in both London and Manchester in the United Kingdom. Twenty10 and AKT share a similar client base: both work with gay, lesbian, bisexual and/or transgendered (GLBT) young people experiencing homelessness or in a housing crisis. Both also engage in advocacy and service provision. At the time of my fieldwork Twenty10 and AKT differed in two key respects. First, AKT operated in a political context that was significantly more open to NGO advocacy than was the case for Twenty10. Second, AKT was supported almost entirely by the work of volunteers and through philanthropic support, whereas Twenty10 received the bulk of its funding from government. These differing factors allow a consideration of how the varying nature of an NGO???s relationship with the state impacts upon their activities within varying political contexts. The theoretical frameworks drawn upon in this thesis are those of citizenship theory and queer theory. Citizenship theory is particularly useful in analysing the objectives of Twenty10 and AKT, which focus on redressing the distributive and recognition based needs of their young people. The strategies employed by these organisations are also both subsumed within the normative framework of citizenship theory ??? while nonetheless being dependent upon how closely each engages with the state. These case studies are situated against the queer critique of citizenship discourses, which emphasise its normalising and de-politicising consequences. As such, this thesis evaluates critiques of forms of activism that involve citizenship-focused issues and engagement with the state, and hence examines the effect a relationship with the state can have upon an NGO???s work.

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Belapuna, Rowina. "Understanding financial management capabilities with community-based organisations in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/211385/1/Rowina_Belapuna_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis focuses on strengthening financial management of community-based organisations (CBOs) in Papua New Guinea. Through the use of qualitative, arts-based, and participatory action research methodologies, the findings indicated that CBOs harnessed social capital and community relations to successfully implement their work. However, their relational engagements and needs were often not adequately captured in financial and organisational plans, leading to tensions between CBOs and donors. The findings contribute to literature on CBOs, capacity building and development partnerships by highlighting that strengthening financial management requires reciprocal understanding, sharing of power and responsibility and building mutual accountability between CBOs and donors.

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Gordon, Andrew. "Construction projects subvented by the Hong Kong government: time for a change? : a study of theorganisational structure and environment of projects developed by non-profit organisations with funding from the Hong Kong government." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264335.

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Hunt, Janet, and janethunt@homemail com au. "Local NGOs in national development: The case of East Timor." RMIT University. School of Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081202.155254.

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This thesis explores the roles and experiences of local East Timorese non-government organisations through the multiple transitions which accompanied East Timor's process of independence in the period 1999-2004. It explores how NGOs attempted to influence the changing environment in which they were operating, particularly in the development of the new nation. In doing so, it examines how the actual experience of these local NGOs relates to theories of civil society and NGOs in the various phases of transition to democracy, state and nation building and post-conflict peacebuilding. After reviewing literature relating to the role of civil society and NGOs in democratisation, development and peacebuilding, and identifying some key issues to explore, the study turns to the particular context of East Timor. It summarizes the colonial history, with a particular focus on governance, development and the emergence of civil society and NGOs in that territory, and the phases of the transition. It then focuses closely on six leading East Timorese NGOs, which between them reflect different organisational origins and sectoral interests and which were perceived to be playing significant roles within the NGO community. The case study chapters describe briefly the history of each NGO, then trace their stories over an approximately five year period. They explore how the visions, strategies, programs and organisational systems of these NGOs changed as the context changed. The case studies show how adaptive these NGOs were, how excluded some of them were by the huge influx of international players after the ballot, but how, in the absence of a legitimate government, they were included in various processes in a number of important ways during the UNTAET period. These studies also reveal some of the challenges the NGOs faced as the new government took over in May 2002. The study concludes by summarising the changing roles and capacities of the NGOs, highlighting the many roles which local NGOs played throughout the study period, and the way in which they met new demands placed upon them. It identifies capacities critical for these NGOs' survival and development, and identifies some strategies which the NGOs themselves identified as useful in helping them attain these. It also identifies some areas which they found challenging and where more capacity development may have been valuable. Finally the study reflects on the actual experiences of Timorese NGOs compared to theory and experiences elsewhere relating to democracy, development and peacebuilding. The findings, which emphasise the changing relationship of the new state to its citizens, suggest that the civil society and development practice, which has been strongly based on de Tocqueville's approach to civil society, is not particularly helpful in a post-conflict setting. Instead, an adapted Gramscian approach, viewing civil and political society as interrelated sites in which a struggle to embed non-violent means of apportioning power are being waged, could be of greater analytic and practical value.

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Bukenya, Badru. "Can NGOs build states and citizenship through service delivery? : evidence from HIV/AIDS programmes in rural Uganda." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/can-ngos-build-states-and-citizenship-through-service-delivery-evidence-from-hivaids-programmes-in-rural-uganda(c6485b71-3d98-4091-8e52-764ceea3676e).html.

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Service delivery NGOs (SD-NGOs) have long been criticised for promoting ‘technocratic’ and ‘depoliticised’ forms of development. However, some commentators have begun to argue that such agencies, and even their ‘technocratic’ interventions, can have positive impacts on political forms and processes. This study investigates these two opposing perspectives through the lens of state building and citizenship formation in the global South. Primary research into the activities of a prominent SD-NGO in Uganda called The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO), through its “mini-TASO Project” (MTP), finds that the project delivered important citizenship gains for People with HIV/AIDS (PWAs). This was visible in four main areas, namely, enhanced ability of PWAs to exercise voice, increased associationalism among previously unorganised and marginalised PWAs, increased voluntarism and more participation of PWAs in political contests. Yet, the project’s state-capacity building effects were more uneven. On the one hand, the programme played an important role in strengthening the bureaucratic ability of targeted hospitals to deliver HIV/AIDS services, enhanced PWAs’ legibility to the state as well as increased state’s embeddedness in society. On the other hand, however, it was less successful in expanding the infrastructural reach of the state in rural Uganda. The overall conclusion is that while SD-NGOs emerge as more political actors than critics claim, their potentially progressive effects are contingent on and remain limited by intervention and contextual factors. While intervention factors encompass issues such as the expertise of SD-NGOs, programme design and funding, the contextual ones include the pre-existing state-society relations, operating environment for civil society, influence of donors, and the character of both formal and informal political institutions, among others.

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Tegnell, Frida. "To Empower Ethiopian Women : A Minor Field Study of how the Gender Reforms of the Ethiopian Government impact on Non-Governmental Organisations work with Women Empowerment." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-91011.

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Ethiopia is a country that for centuries has been dominated by men. However, since 2018, the Prime Minister Abiye Ahmed has introduced gender reforms, including a gender balanced cabinet. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the gender reforms affect three non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in their work to empower women. The paper focuses on the following research questions: 1) How do non-governmental organisations work with women empowerment in Ethiopia? 2) To what extent and how have non-governmental organisations been affected by the gender reforms of the Ethiopian government that took office in 2018? 3) How have Ethiopian women been affected by the gender reforms of the Ethiopian government that took office in 2018 according to non-governmental organisations? The paper follows the theoretical framework by Dibie and Dibie, and Bratton as analytical framework. The methodological framework that has been used is a qualitative method, conducting semi- structured interviews. The NGOs main approach in relation to women empowerment is Self Help Groups (SHGs) and Women Watch Groups. The NGOs are unanimous that the gender reforms have improved NGOs relationship with the government due to a new law that was implemented in relation to the reforms. Finally, the NGOs have a positive image of Ethiopian women’s future and argues that the gender reforms empower women.

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Diawara, Moise. "Contribution des organisations non gouvernementales au développement social et économique du Mali : période 1960-2012." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2084.

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On ne peut combattre sérieusement les difficultés économiques que connaît le Mali sans une prise en compte des paramètres socioculturels des bénéficiaires des différents projets de développement car ceux-ci ont en eux des acquis qui peuvent être des facteurs déclencheurs ou des freins à tout processus de développement local. L’humanitaire est à la croisée de la générosité de ses membres et de l’insuffisance de l’action politique dans un pays. Le Mali ne saurait être à la marge et se trouver dans une situation socioéconomique et politique qui requiert des appuis extérieurs pour résoudre ses différents problèmes existentiels et conjoncturels. Dans ce contexte, les ONG sont devenues les opérateurs du développement, quasiment à la place de l’Etat au Mali. Les résultats de cette situation paraissent mitigés ; d’où le sentiment d’une grande dépense d'énergie pour des maigres résultats ? Pourquoi, nous Maliens avons du mal à nous approprier la notion de développement (économique et social) ?Dans la situation actuelle, nous sommes face à des difficultés pour comprendre les questions de développement, pendant que les ONG et leurs partenaires étrangers agissent, et définissent leurs actions à partir de points de vue stéréotypés. Le Mali a subi des influences extérieures depuis la colonisation (colonialisme sous influence française, socialisme sous influence chinoise, libéralisme sous influence de la Banque mondiale et des institutions internationales comme le FMI) qui l’ont empêché de concevoir un modèle de développement propre à lui, adapté à son cadre de références culturelles. Ces facteurs évoqués ci-dessus ajoutés à ceux environnemental et climatique entretiennent les populations dans un état de pauvreté et classe le Mali selon l’indice de développement humain des nations unies 2012 au 175ème rang sur 182, au niveau mondial, malgré les ressources dont il dispose. Les données de la banque mondiale indiquent que le revenu brut national par habitant est de 649 us $ soit 616 euros. La pauvreté se mesure par deux dimensions : pauvreté matérielle et pauvreté en termes de relations sociales. Autrefois comme aujourd’hui (cf. rapport du PNUD du 3 au 4 juin 1999) tous les observateurs extérieurs sont frappés par la richesse des relations sociales entre personnes au Mali. Cette situation favorise l’intervention des ONG et leur permet de réaliser des actions concrètes (infrastructures, appui conseil) qui manquent cruellement aux populations. Cependant, dans leur intervention, elles ne prennent pas assez en compte la complexité des schémas socioculturels, leur incidence et surtout la question de l’appropriation des réalisations par les habitants et de leur cadre social ; elles finissent souvent par être rejetées car étant en contradiction avec ce cadre. Ainsi, le processus de développement au Mali peut être freiné par le poids important de la culture. Au Mali, la socialisation des enfants se déroule en 3 étapes de 0 à 16 ans. Son contenu réfère à une vision de l’homme dans la culture malienne qui diffère en partie selon les spécificités des différents groupes d’appartenance. Elle tend à produire in fine un individu en partie libre, en partie inscrit dans un corps social où il doit jouer le rôle qui lui a été assigné. Devenir adulte, c’est prendre sa place dans la famille rapprochée, dans sa famille élargie, dans son village, son peuple d’appartenance, selon des critères culturels complexes et précis. Ces paramètres constituent des cadres qui s’imposent à l’individu malien lorsqu’il participe à des initiatives de développement. S’il tente d’élever son niveau scolaire, d’améliorer sa situation économique, c’est pour mieux jouer son rôle dans un cadre « traditionnel », entre contrainte et liberté. Or souvent, quand les ONG interviennent dans le champ de l’éducation ou du développement local, elles n’ont pas en tête les subtilités de la socialisation des enfants et ses interactions possibles avec le parcours scolaire
The economic difficulties faced by Mali can't be seriously combatted without taking into account socio-cultural parameters of beneficiaries of development projects because they have achievements that can be triggering factors or obstacles to any process of local development.Humanitarian aid is at the crossroads of the generosity of its members and the lack of political action in a country. Mali can't be at the margin and find itself in a socio-economic and political situation that requires outside support to resolve its various existential and economic issues.In this context, NGOs have become the operators of development, almost instead of the State in Mali.The results of this situation seem mixed; hence the feeling of a great deal of energy for poor results? Why do Malians have difficulties in taking over the concept of development (economic and social)?In the current situation, we are facing difficulties to understand development issues, while NGOs and their foreign partners act and define their actions from stereotyped views.Mali has been influenced externally since colonialism (colonialism under French influence, socialism under Chinese influence, liberalism under the influence of the World Bank and international institutions such as the IMF), which prevented it from conceiving a specific development model according to its cultural references.These factors, combined with environmental and climatic factors, keep populations in a state of poverty and classify Mali according to the United Nations Human Development Index 2012 to 175th out of 182 world levels, despite the available resources. According to the same source, data from the World Bank indicate that the national gross income per capita is US $ 649 or 616 euros. Poverty is defined by two dimensions: material poverty and poverty in terms of social relations. Formerly as today (see UNDP report from 3 to 4 June 1999), all external observers are struck by the rich social relationships between people in Mali.This fertile ground encourages the intervention of NGOs and allows them to carry out concrete actions (infrastructures, advisory support) badly needed by the populations. However, in their intervention, they do not often take into account the complexity of socio-cultural models, their impact and, above all, the appropriation of achievements by the inhabitants which are often rejected because they don't stick with their social context.Thus, the development process in Mali may be hampered by the heavy weight of the culture.The socialization of children takes place in 3 steps from 0 to 16 years. Its content refers to the vision of a human in the Malian culture, but differs in part according to the specificities of the group of belonging. It ultimately produces an individual who is partly free, partly enrolled in a social body in which he must play the role assigned to him. Becoming an adult means taking his place in the close family, in his extended family, in his village, his people of belonging, according to complex and precise cultural criteria.These are the parameters that make up the models imposed on the Malian individual while participating in development initiatives. If he tries to improve his educational level, to improve his economic situation, the goal is to play a better role in a "traditional" setting, between determinism and freedom.But often, when NGOs intervene in education or local development, they do not have in mind the subtleties of socialization of children and the possible interactions with the school course.In other words, when they promote economic projects, they remain unrelated to the questions regarding who is locally in charge of these projects (depending on the place of each other in the social and family order).The Malian individual himself is not in a position to overcome this context, to stand back to analyze it and modify it

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Steadman, Janna Elizabeth. "Understanding 'partnerships for conservation gain' : how do government agencies, non-governmental organisations, private landowners and the corporate sector co-operate to deliver effective natural resource management?" Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/62001/.

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With biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation ongoing, the conservationists' toolkit needs to be augmented by innovative and sometimes bold solutions. It is already apparent that the scale of the problem exceeds the capabilities of any one organisation working in isolation. However, collaboration between stakeholder groups may have the potential to enhance conservation outcomes. Cross-sector collaborations, such as those between non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and corporations, are proliferating in conservation. However, little is known about their efficacy and subsequent impact on the wider natural environment, with many assumptions based on anecdotal rather than empirical evidence. This thesis aims to fulfil an important and substantial knowledge gap by using data-driven approaches to understand partnerships in conservation from the perspective of conservation NGOs. Firstly, I assess the types and prevalence of partnerships between conservation NGOs and corporations and find a diverse range of projects are occurring. For example, financial donations are a frequent form of NGO-corporate interaction, but other collaborative activities such as terrestrial ecosystem restoration and educational activities, are regularly reported. Secondly, I evaluate an NGO-led collaborative network to understand what motivates organisations to initiate a membership committing them to voluntary environmental measures that go beyond regulatory compliance. Results suggest that the majority of members join to fulfil strategic objectives such as reputation protection, rather than for altruistic reasons. Furthermore, participants with stronger sustainability credentials occupy the most influential positions within the network, meaning that they are strongly positioned to receive and disseminate information. Lastly, I use social network analysis to explore how a conservation NGO delivers its landscape-scale conservation projects by acquiring key resources from multiple partners. Results indicate that partners providing land-based support are well connected with one another, meaning that landscape-scale conservation activities can be coordinated more easily. Furthermore, the in-kind support network, primarily comprising NGOs, displays the greatest innovative capacity. The research presented in this thesis highlights that cross-sector partnerships have a central role to play in bridging the interests of different stakeholder groups, and reflect the inclusive vision of conservation we should all be striving to create.

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Aiyegoro, Adeola Ikeoluwa. "The influence of selected non-governmental organisations (NGOs) on policy-making in the Eastern Cape Amathole District Municipality and the eight local municipalities within the district." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001253.

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Since 1994, the South African Government embarked on an ambitious Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP) to correct the injustices of the past. One of the major programmes, which the government is implementing within the RDP framework, is the ―Integrated National Electrification Programme‖ (INEP) with the aim to address the electricity backlog by 2012. Recent figures from Statistics SA, indicate substantial progress with regard to access to electricity throughout the country and especially in previously disadvantaged areas. This study is an investigation of the impact of access to free basic electricity (FBE) on the welfare of indigent households in Buffalo City Municipality (BCM). This study aims at better understanding ways in which indigent households use electricity and to what extent access to electricity is improving the level of poverty in the households. Empirical evidences from pro-poor electrification programmes worldwide and especially in Asia suggest that greater access to electricity by poor people leads to economic and social development at both micro and macro levels. This study investigates the impact of electricity on household poverty, with focus on household income, household health and children‘s education. This study used mixed research methods to investigate the research problem. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using survey questionnaires, focus group discussions and interviews of key informants.

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Cunningham, Andrew John. "The relationship between humanitarian international non-governmental organisations and states in periods of civil war : case study of Médecins Sans Frontières-Holland and the Government of Sri Lanka." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-relationship-between-humanitarian-international-nongovernmental-organisations-and-states-in-periods-of-civil-war(9eb90896-95db-4efd-bb42-5fc0c783d654).html.

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This research examines the relationship between a humanitarian international non-governmental organisation (INGO) and a state against the background of civil war. This relationship is established as two sets of norms in tension: The moral as represented and made operational by humanitarian INGOs and the political as articulated and practised by states, mediated through the discourse of identity. Specifically the study investigates the constructed relationship between the humanitarian INGO Médecins Sans Frontières-Holland (MSF-H) and the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) during two periods of the Sri Lankan civil war (2006 and 2008-2009). A negotiation structure is proposed where an external actor—a humanitarian INGO—attempts to operate within the internal environment of a state. For a state, civil war is a ‘state of exception’, where a government’s prerogative to act outside ‘normal’ legal and moral boundaries may be taken up and where international actors are securitised. For a humanitarian organisation a civil war is defined as a humanitarian crisis which must be responded to using humanitarian principles in a non-political manner. This case study relationship is viewed from both MSF-Holland’s and the GoSL’s perspectives. On the side of the GoSL the study describes and analyses the government’s decision-making when faced by international criticism, a humanitarian crisis, and international organisations attempting to work on its territory. The background for the GoSL’s actions is extensively explored. MSF-Holland’s response to the thinking and actions by the GoSL is also closely examined, as is its internal discussions concerning its role in the context as a humanitarian actor. A discourse analysis methodology is used to analyse the primary source material. It was found that when securitised MSF-H had various options in responding: Accommodation to the demands of the GoSL; withdrawal from the country; counter-attacking the government; or concealment—hiding itself from attention. Rejecting these MSF-H chose desecuritisation. In the 2006 period engagement between the actors was possible albeit difficult; the securitisation process was manageable through desecuritisation. However, in the 2008-2009 period securitisation prohibited action and speech, and desecuritisation was not effective. The thesis proposes a theoretical framework—a negotiation structure, within which to understand these interactions, based on the case study findings. The conclusion points to further research needs and discusses the usefulness of the proposed negotiation structure to other contexts.

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Sassman, R. "A framework to support intra-organisational knowledge sharing in HIV/AIDS NGOs in South Africa." Thesis, Coventry University, 2014. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/86f330da-d55d-4022-89af-f1949c28c92d/1.

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This research captures a detailed exposition of an investigation into knowledge sharing in HIV/AIDS non-government organisations in South Africa. HIV/AIDS is a global challenge and one of the most severe problems facing our world today. South Africa is home to the largest population of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Knowledge management, and more specifically knowledge sharing, has been identified as a key area of focus that could be deployed to solve this problem. Despite the large number of NGOs that address HIV/AIDS in South Africa, very little research has focused on understanding this group of organisations. As such, this qualitative research contributed to the literature by examining the context in which South African NGOs work and develop an argument about the factors that influences knowledge sharing in HIV/AIDS NGOs in South Africa. A literature review provides an overview of the main contexts in which knowledge sharing has arisen. The literature shows that despite its importance for HIV/AIDS NGOs in South Africa, there is no framework which addresses intra-organisational knowledge in this context. It is an area that has received very little research attention, yet is of increasing importance in the light of the HIV/AIDS crisis in South Africa. This motivated the researcher to formalise, refine and validate a framework to address this issue. The research has resulted in a number of contributions to knowledge and benefits for the NGO involved. A key contribution is the development of a knowledge sharing framework that has been evaluated by HIV/AIDS NGO practitioners and internationally recognised knowledge management experts that can be used to support intra-organisational knowledge sharing in HIV/AIDS NGOs in South Africa. This framework consists of the identification of knowledge sharing component drivers required for effective knowledge sharing with the HIV/AIDS NGO and a method for implementation based on a knowledge sharing process. The research has also identified areas where there is a significant scope for further research and investigation.

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Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/1/Glenda_Carri%C3%A8re_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally and internationally. The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally. The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used. Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs. While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs. It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium. The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology. The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated. The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.

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Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/.

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This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally and internationally. The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally. The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used. Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs. While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs. It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium. The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology. The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated. The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.

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McCusker, Monique. "The politics and micro-politics of professionalization : an ethnographic study of a professional NGO and its interface with the state." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1447.

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Sewdass, Nisha. "The implementation of Competitive Intelligence tools and techniques in Public Service departments in South Africa to improve service delivery a case study of the Department of Home Affairs /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09272009-154654/.

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Jansen, Christopher Paul. "Leadership development through appreciative inquiry : complexity thinking in the non-government (NGO) sector." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Leadership, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9885.

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“much of what we know about leadership is today redundant because it is literally designed for a different operating model, a different context, a different time” (Pascale, Sternin, & Sternin, p. 4). This thesis describes a project that was designed with a focus on exploring ways to enhance leadership capacity in non-government organisations operating in Christchurch, New Zealand. It included 20 CEOs, directors and managers from organisations that cover a range of settings, including education, recreation, and residential and community therapeutic support; all working with adolescents. The project involved the creation of a peer-supported professional learning community that operated for 14 months; the design and facilitation of which was informed by the Appreciative Inquiry principles of positive focus and collaboration. At the completion of the research project in February 2010, the leaders decided to continue their collective processes as a self-managing and sustaining professional network that has grown and in 2014 is still flourishing under the title LYNGO (Leaders of Youth focussed NGOs). Two compelling findings emerged from this research project. The first of these relates to efficacy of a complexity thinking framework to inform the actions of these leaders. The leaders in this project described the complexity thinking framework as the most relevant, resonant and dynamic approach that they encountered throughout the research project. As such this thesis explores this complexity thinking informed leadership in detail as the leaders participating in this project believed it offers an opportune alternative to more traditional forms of positional leadership and organisational approaches. This exploration is more than simply a rationale for complexity thinking but an iterative in-depth exploration of ‘complexity leadership in action’ which in Chapter 6 elaborates on detailed leadership tools and frameworks for creating the conditions for self-organisation and emergence. The second compelling finding relates to efficacy of Appreciative Inquiry as an emergent research and development process for leadership learning. In particular the adoption of two key principles; positive focus and inclusivity were beneficial in guiding the responsive leadership learning process that resulted in a professional learning community that exhibited high engagement and sustainability. Additionally, the findings suggest that complexity thinking not only acts as a contemporary framework for adaptive leadership of organisations as stated above; but that complexity thinking has much to offer as a framework for understanding leadership development processes through the application of Appreciative Inquiry (AI)-based principles. A consideration of the components associated with complexity thinking has promise for innovation and creativity in the development of leaders and also in the creation of networks of learning. This thesis concludes by suggesting that leaders focus on creating hybrid organisations, ones which leverage the strengths (and minimise the limitations) of self-organising complexity-informed organisational processes, while at the same time retaining many of the strengths of more traditional organisational management structures. This approach is applied anecdotally to the place where this study was situated: the post-earthquake recovery of Christchurch, New Zealand.

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Berri, Bersisa Gutema. "Exploring the integration and application of knowledge in a charitable non-government organisation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5647/.

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Although the strategic importance of knowledge is widely recognised, there is no unified concept of the characteristics and role of knowledge within organisations, and the process of knowledge application remains theoretically underdeveloped. Organisations therefore often lack clear frameworks for integrating and applying their dispersed knowledge. Using a case study in international development non-government organisation, this study describes the nature of knowledge in an organisation and explores Knowledge Integration (KI) and application from multiple stages-multiple factors perspective. Data was gathered from 42 individual interviews, document analysis and participant observations and analysed using template analysis technique. The findings show that knowledge in an organisation is seen as continuously evolving holistic variable resource. KI and application is a complex process and influenced by multiple and interrelated individual knowledge sharing behaviours, organisational knowledge governance practices and informal social interactions characteristics. This study introduced new ‘multiple stages- multiple factors approach’ to KI and application process. From a practical perspective, this study provides managers with better understanding of the features of knowledge in organisations and clarifies how knowledge dispersed in an organisation can be effectively and efficiently integrated and applied to accomplish organisational tasks and enhance competitive advantage. Limitations of this study are noted together with proposed directions for future research.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Non-government organisations'

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