Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-conducting Polymers

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-conducting Polymers'

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Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

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Pratt, F. L., S. J. Blundell, Th Jestädt, B. W. Lovett, A. Husmann, I. M. Marshall, W. Hayes, et al. "μSR of conducting and non-conducting polymers." Physica B: Condensed Matter 289-290 (August 2000): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(00)00297-0.

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Kausar, Ayesha, Ishaq Ahmad, M. H. Eisa, and Malik Maaza. "Avant-Garde Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites for Corrosion Protection: Design, Features, and Performance." Corrosion and Materials Degradation 4, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cmd4010004.

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Polymeric coatings have been widely selected for the corrosion resistance of metallic surfaces. Both the conducting and non-conducting polymers have been applied for corrosion confrontation. The conducting polymers usually possess high electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance features. On the other hand, non-conducting hydrophobic polymers have also been used to avert the metal erosion. To improve the corrosion inhibition performance of the polymer coatings, nanocarbon nanofillers have been used as reinforcement. Graphene, especially, has gained an important position in the research on the corrosion-protecting nanocomposite coatings. Here, graphene dispersion and matrix–nanofiller interactions may significantly improve the anti-corrosion performance to protect the underlying metals. The graphene nanofiller may form an interconnecting percolation network in the polymers to support their electrical conductivity and thus their corrosion confrontation characteristics. Further research on the polymer/graphene nanocomposite and its anti-corrosion mechanism may lead to great advancements in this field.
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Lawal, Abdulazeez T., and Gordon G. Wallace. "Vapour phase polymerisation of conducting and non-conducting polymers: A review." Talanta 119 (February 2014): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.10.023.

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Gu, H. B., S. Morita, X. H. Yin, T. Kawai, and K. Yoshino. "Electrical and optical properties of conducting polymer composites consisting of conducting polymers with non-degenerated structure." Synthetic Metals 69, no. 1-3 (March 1995): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(94)02525-4.

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Doblhofer, Karl. "The non-metallic character of solvated conducting polymers." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 331, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 1015–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(92)85021-t.

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SHARMA, SUDHIR KUMAR. "A NEW OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE FOR TELECOMMUNICATION APPLICATION." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 10, no. 04 (December 2001): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863501000784.

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Conducting polymer is a physical mixture of non-conducting polymer with electrically conducting material. Polyaniline is a class of conducting polymers that exists in four different forms depending on protonation and doping of the base. Starting with aniline, polyaniline is synthesized and doped with two different metals namely iron and aluminum separately. Using these films optical waveguides are fabricated. Their characteristics viz. Refractive index, propagation loss, number of modes etc., are studied using prism coupling technique. The results are discussed.
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Aghelinejad, Mohammadmehdi, and Siu Leung. "Thermoelectric Nanocomposite Foams Using Non-Conducting Polymers with Hybrid 1D and 2D Nanofillers." Materials 11, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091757.

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A facile processing strategy to fabricate thermoelectric (TE) polymer nanocomposite foams with non-conducting polymers is reported in this study. Multilayered networks of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are deposited on macroporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) foam templates using a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique. The open cellular structures of foam templates provide a platform to form segregated 3D networks consisting of one-dimensional (1D) and/or two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanoparticles. Hybrid nanostructures of GnP and MWCNT networks synergistically enhance the material system’s electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the polymer foam substrates possess high porosity to provide ultra-low thermal conductivity without compromising the electrical conductivity of the TE nanocomposites. With an extremely low GnP loading (i.e., ~1.5 vol.%), the macroporous PVDF nanocomposites exhibit a thermoelectric figure-of-merit of ~10−3. To the best of our knowledge, this ZT value is the highest value reported for organic TE materials using non-conducting polymers and MWCNT/GnP nanofillers. The proposed technique represents an industrially viable approach to fabricate organic TE materials with enhanced energy conversion efficiencies. The current study demonstrates the potential to develop light-weight, low-cost, and flexible TE materials for green energy generation.
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Babu, Veluru Jagadeesh, V. S. Pavan Kumar, G. J. Subha, Vasantha Kumari, T. S. Natarajan, Appukuttan Sreekumaran Nair, Seeram Ramakrishna, and B. S. Abdur Rahman. "AC Conductivity Studies on PMMA-PANI (HCl) Nanocomposite Fibers Produced by Electrospinning." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 6, no. 4 (December 2011): 155892501100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501100600408.

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Electrospinning is one of the techniques to produce non-woven fiber mats using polymers. The diameters of the fiber produced by this technique are in the range of 10 ^m to 10 nm. Electrically conducting ultra fine fibers are useful in many applications in the fields of sensors, and nanoelectronics. However, it is very difficult to obtain fibers of conducting polymers like polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole through electrospinning. Hence they are invariably mixed with other insulating polymers such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to obtain a conducting composite depending on the percolation of the conducting polymer. Here, we report the preparation of PANI-PMMA composite fibers by electrospinning. The scanning electron micrographs and the frequency dependent complex conductivity (σ*(ω)) of these polymer fibers are investigated at room temperature with different concentrations of PANI (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% w/w). It is observed that there is a significant enhancement in the ac conductivity of these fibers with the increase in the concentration of PANI.
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Guo, Liang. "Stretchable Polymeric Neural Electrode Array: Toward a Reliable Neural Interface." MRS Proceedings 1795 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.567.

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ABSTRACTConducting polymers are often employed as coatings on smooth metal electrodes to improve the electrode performance with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio for neural recording, charge-injection capacity for neural stimulation, and inducement of neural growth for electrode-tissue integration. However, adhesion of conducting polymer coatings on metal electrodes is poor, making the coating less durable and the electrical property of the electrode less stable. Moreover, conventional conducting polymers have relative low conductance, preventing their direct use as the electrode and lead material; and they are brittle, making it difficult for flexible neural electrodes to incorporate conducting polymer coatings. We have developed a new polypyrrole/polyol-borate composite film with concurrent excellent electrical and mechanical properties. We further developed a method to fabricate a stretchable multielectrode array using this new material as the sole conductor for both electrodes and leads, in contrast with the conventional approach of incorporating conducting polymers only through coating on non-stretchable metal electrodes. The resulting stretchable polymeric multielectrode array (SPMEA) was stretchable up to 23% uniaxial tensile strain with minimal losses in electrical conductivity. Electrochemical testing revealed the SPMEA’s impressive advantage for recording local field neural potentials and for epimysial stimulation of denervated skeletal muscles. As a neural interface engineer, I would also like to compare the compliant neural interfacing technology to other technologies, such as optogenetics, radiogenetics, and even a living neural interface that is currently under development in our lab.
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Mabboux, P. Y., B. Beau, J. P. Travers, and Y. F. Nicolau. "Non-exponential NMR relaxation in heterogeneously doped conducting polymers." Synthetic Metals 84, no. 1-3 (January 1997): 985–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(96)04243-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

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Deng, Fenghua. "Coating of electrically conducting polymeric films on the surface of non-conducting substrate." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30435.

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Wong, Joyce Yun-Wei. "Electrically conducting polymers for non-invasive control of mammal cell behavior dc by Joyce Yun-Wei Wong." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28081.

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Nguyen, Ngoc Tan. "Transducteurs ultra fins à base de polymères conducteurs : fabrication, caractérisation et modélisation." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0036/document.

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Récemment, les actionneurs ioniques ultra-minces à base de poly (3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène) (PEDOT) ont surmonté certains obstacles initiaux pour augmenter le potentiel d'applications dans les dispositifs microfabriqués. Bien que la microfabrication d’actionneurs à trois couches, n’impliquant aucune manipulation manuelle, ait été démontrée, leurs performances mécaniques restent limitées pour des applications pratiques. Le but de cette thèse est d'optimiser les transducteurs dans la phase de fabrication des couches minces en utilisant des micro technologies, de caractériser complètement les propriétés électrochimiques des transducteurs ainsi obtenus, et de développer un modèle pour simuler leurs capacités électromécaniques bidirectionnelles (actionnement et détection). Tout d'abord, les actionneurs à trois couches ultra-minces à base de PEDOT sont fabriqués par polymérisation en phase vapeur de 3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène en réalisant un procédé de synthèse couche par couche. Le travail présenté constitue la première caractérisation complète de microactionneurs ioniques à base de PEDOT fonctionnant dans l’air d’une si faible épaisseur (17 μm) présentant une déformation en flexion et une génération de force de 1% et 12 μN respectivement. En effet, les propriétés électriques, électrochimiques et mécaniques des microactionneurs ont été minutieusement étudiées. La caractérisation non linéaire a été étendue à la dépendance de la capacité volumétrique sur une fenêtre de tension. Le coefficient d'amortissement a été caractérisé pour la première fois. Par ailleurs, un modèle multi-physique non linéaire a été proposé comme méthode de simulation des réponses en mode actionneur et capteur dans des couches multiples, représenté à l'aide d'un formalisme Bond Graph, et a été capable de mettre en œuvre tous les paramètres caractérisés. La concordance entre les simulations et les mesures a confirmé l'exactitude du modèle pour prédire le comportement dynamique non linéaire des actionneurs. En outre, les informations extraites du modèle ont également permis de mieux comprendre les paramètres critiques des actionneurs et leur incidence sur l'efficacité de l'actionneur et sur la distribution de l'énergie. Enfin, un nouveau modèle linéaire électromécanique bidirectionnel a été introduit pour simuler la capacité de détection du transducteur à trois couches et a été confirmé par des résultats expérimentaux dans les domaines fréquentiel et temporel d'un déplacement d'entrée sinusoïdal. Les actionneurs résultants et les modèles proposés sont prometteurs pour la conception, l'optimisation et le contrôle des futurs dispositifs de microsystèmes souples dans lesquels l'utilisation d'actionneurs en polymère devrait être essentielle
Recently, ultrathin poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) – based ionic actuators have overcome some initial obstacles to increase the potential for applications in microfabricateddevices. While microfabrication processing of trilayer actuators that involve no manual handling has been demonstrated, their mechanical performances remain limited for practical applications. The goal of this thesis is to optimize the transducers in thin films fabrication by micro technologies, fully characterize the electrochemomechanical properties of the resulting trilayers, and develop a model to simulate their bidirectional electromechanical ability (actuation and sensing). At first, ultrathin PEDOT-based trilayer actuators are fabricated via the vapor phase polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene combining with the layer by layer synthesis process. This constitutes the first full characterization of ionic PEDOT-based microactuators operating in air of such a small thickness (17 μm) having bending deformation and output force generation of 1% and 12 μN respectively. Secondly, electrical, electrochemical and mechanical properties of the resulting microactuators have been thoroughly studied. Non-linear characterization was extended to volumetric capacitance dependence on voltage window. Damping coefficient was characterized for the first time. Thirdly, a nonlinear multi-physics model was proposed as a method of simulating actuator and sensor responses in trilayers, represented using a Bond Graph formalism, and was able to implement all of the characterized parameters. The concordance between the simulations and the measurements confirmed the accuracy of the model in predicting the non-linear dynamic behavior of the actuators. In addition, the information extracted from the model also provided an insight into the critical parameters of the actuators and how they affect the actuator efficiency, as well as the energy distribution. Finally, a nouveau bidirectional electromechanical linear model was introduced to simulate the sensing ability of the trilayer transducer and was confirmed via experimental results in both frequency and time domains of a sinusoidal input displacement. The resulting actuators and the proposed models are promising for designing, optimizing, and controlling of the future soft microsystem devices where the use of polymer actuators should be essential
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Farajollahi, Meisam. "Fabrication and non-linear modeling of conducting polymer-based actuators : toward catheter and tactile display applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58649.

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The low voltage operation and relatively high strain response of conducting polymer actuators have made their use in different applications of great interest. In this thesis, modeling and characterization of the chemoelectromechanical behaviour of the linear freestanding and bending trilayer conducting polymer-based actuators are presented. In the modeling approach, a combination of state space representation and a two-dimensional RC transmission line was employed to develop the time domain model. Electrical and ionic conductivities and also Young’s modulus versus oxidation state were measured and incorporated into the model. Significant changes in conductivity and Young’s modulus make using a non-linear model necessary for accurate modeling. Implementation of the non-linear functions for electrical and mechanical properties in the model is one of the major advantages of the modeling approach. Capability of the model to predict the linear strain and radius of curvature for bending trilayer actuators versus time and position with good agreement with experiments are shown in this thesis. Voltage drop along the length of the film, away from the attachment point and the variation in electrical conductivity with state of charge along this length necessitated the use of a 2D non-linear model to obtain effective predictions of response for the film dimension used. Tubular actuators using conducting polymers as the active material for a catheter application are developed. Laser micromachining to pattern the actuators is demonstrated. A 0.95 mm diameter device is shown to achieve a 22 mm radius of curvature under activation of 2 V. A closed form beam bending model for trilayer actuators with tubular and rectangular cross sections is derived. These formulations predict the radius of curvature as a function of applied voltage and free strain considering different Young’s modulus for conducting polymer layers. This derivation is also useful for other multilayer actuators. The force generated by trilayer actuators is an important parameter which is investigated in this work. Mathematical derivation and simulations are employed to determine this parameter. Some solutions and their effects on force generated by trilayer actuators are presented to show how the force can be enhanced for tactile interface application.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Dutin, Frédéric. "Spectroscopie linéaire et non-linéaire de polymères conducteurs dans le domaine térahertz." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0022.

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Ces travaux de thèse portent sur l'étude des mécanismes de transport de charges au sein des polymères conducteurs PEDOT/PSS et PEDOT/PSTFSIK dans le domaine térahertz (THz). Ces polymères conducteurs viennent du LCPO.En premier lieu, nous avons étudié les propriétés intrinsèques de ces matériaux dans le domaine THz à partir d'une expérience de spectroscopie THz-TDS. Ceci a permis d'une part de montrer que la transmission des deux polymères est quasi-constante sur la plage de fréquences considérées et d'autre part que la conductivité intrinsèque du PEDOT/PSS est plus importante que celle du PEDOT/PSTFSIK. Ce dernier résultat a été obtenu en ajustant les données de conductivité par deux modèles de conduction bien distincts. Le premier est le modèle de Drude-Smith qui étend le modèle de Drude par l'ajout d'un coefficient de piégeage, il ne possède que peu de paramètres ajustables. Le second, le modèle de Dyre, permet de prendre en compte la structure en grains des polymères conducteurs. Il possède néanmoins un grand nombre de paramètres ajustables. Les mesures de conductivité en régime continu obtenues à partir des modèles sont en accord avec les mesures effectuées au LCPO.Nous avons ensuite caractérisé le comportement des polymères conducteurs PEDOT/PSS et PEDOT/PSTFSIK soumis à une impulsion femtoseconde centrée dans la bande bipolaronique de ces matériaux en plus de l'impulsion THz déjà présente. En utilisant les modèles de Drude-Smith et de Dyre, nous avons pu étudier le changement de conductivité induit par l'impulsion femtoseconde dans le domaine THz en supposant que les paramètres ajustables des modèles dépendent maintenant du délai entre l'impulsion femtoseconde et l'impulsion THz.Finalement, en étudiant les réponses du PEDOT/PSS et du PEDOT/PSTFSIK pour différentes intensités de pompe dans le cadre d'une expérience tout-optique où à on a pompé dans la bande bipolaronique et où on a sondé dans la bande polaronique des polymères conducteurs, on a pu échafauder un scénario plausible pour l'impact de la pompe optique dans ces matériaux
This thesis project aims to study transport mechanisms in conducting polymers PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/PSTFSIK in the terahertz (THz) domain. These two polymers come from LCPO laboratory.First of all, we studied intrinsics properties of these materials in the THz domain with a THz-TDS experiment. This drove us to show that their transmission is quasi-constant in the THz domain and that the intrinsic conductivity is larger for PEDOT/PSS than PEDOT/PSTFSIK. This last result has been obtained by using two differents fitting models of conduction. The first model, so-called Drude-Smith model, extend the Drude model by adding a trap parameter. It also possess only few fitting parameters. The second one, the Dyre model, take into account of the grain structure of polymers. Nevertheless, it has several fitting parameters. We obtained a direct current conductivity of polymers that is in excellent agreement with LCPO measurements.Among these, we caracterized the behavior of PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/PSTFSIK under a femtosecond pulse centered in the bipolaronic band. We also have the THz pulse. By using Drude-Smith and Dyre models, we were able to study the change of conductivity induced by the femtosecond pulse in the THz domain. In this case, we supposed that fitting parameters have to be a function of the delay between the femtosecond pulse and the THz pulse.Finally, by studying PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/PSTFSIK responses for differents pump intensity in a full optic experiment, where we pumped on the bipolaronic band and probed on the polaronic band, we were be able to give a possible scenario for the impact of the optical pump in these materials
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Books on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

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Shadwell, P. W. Critical survey of non-destructive testing techniques for non-conducting materials. Leatherhead, Surrey, England: Era Technology, 1992.

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Carbon Monoxide Sensing Technologies. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901212.

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The book covers the sensing and monitoring of poisonous carbon monoxide pollution in the environment. The sensors covered include semiconducting metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymeric thin films, sensors based on colorimetric detection, non-dispersive infrared sensors, electrochemical sensors and photoacoustic detectors.
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Book chapters on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

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André, Jean-Marie, Jean-Luc Brédas, and Joseph Delhalle. "A Theoretical Approach to Highly Conducting and Non-linear Optically Active Polymers." In Biological and Artificial Intelligence Systems, 199–217. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3117-6_13.

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Pethrick, R. A. "Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of composites: dielectric techniques for testing partially or non-conducting composite materials." In Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) of Polymer Matrix Composites, 116–35. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857093554.1.116.

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P. Mardikar, Satish, Sagar D. Balgude, and Santosh J. Uke. "Supercapacitor Supported by Nickel, Cobalt and Conducting Polymer Based Materials: Design Techniques and Current Advancement." In Supercapacitors [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98355.

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The recent advanced electronic appliances demand special high power devices with lightweight, flexible, inexpensive, and environment friendly in nature. In addition, for many industrial and automotive applications, we need energy storage systems that can store energy in a short time and deliver an intense pulse of energy for long duration. Till date the Li-ion battery is the only choice for fulfilling all our energy storage demands. However, the high cost, limited availability and non-environmental nature of electrodes and electrolyte material of Li-ion battery limits its applicability. Hence, the world demands an alternative replacement for the Li-ion battery. In this regard, the supercapacitor is one of the most emerging and potential energy storage devices. The electrode plays an important role in supercapacitors. The nickel and cobalt based oxide, hydroxides, and their composites with conducting polymer are promising and highly appreciated electrode materials for supercapacitors. This chapter covers the recent advances in supercapacitors supported by nickel, cobalt and conducting polymer based materials and their applications predominantly described in the recent literature. Recent advances are reviewed including new methods of synthesis, nanostructuring, and self-assembly using surfactant and modifiers. This chapter also covered the applications of supercapacitors in powering the light weight, flexible and wearable electronics.
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Mark, James E., Dale W. Schaefer, and Gui Lin. "Some Characterization Techniques Useful for Polysiloxanes." In The Polysiloxanes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181739.003.0006.

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The general approach used in choosing a polymer suitable for a particular application is: . . . Polymerization ↔ Structure ↔ Properties ↔ Application . . . For example, if one wants a polymer for fire-resistant fabrics, then a polymer with good high-temperature properties is required, which implies aromatic structures, which suggest condensation polymerizations. More relevant here, however, would be that a polymer remains elastomeric at low temperatures. This requirement evokes a polymer with high flexibility (low glass transition temperature), which indicates use of the polymerization techniques used with the polysiloxanes. An example of a relevant optical property is the birefringence of a deformed polymer network. This strain-induced birefringence can be used to characterize segmental orientation, and both Gaussian and non-Gaussian elasticity. Infrared dichroism has also been helpful in this regard. In the case of the crystallizable polysiloxane elastomers, orientation is of critical importance with regard to strain-induced crystallization and the tremendous reinforcement it provides. Segmental orientation has also been characterized by fluorescence polarization, deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and polarized infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectroscopy has been used to characterize the structures of silica-filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Other optical and spectroscopic techniques are also important, including positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, confocal Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has been made tunable using gold nanorods and strain control on elastomeric PDMS substrates. A great deal of information is now being obtained on filler dispersion and other aspects of elastomer structure and morphology through the use of scanning probe microscopy, which consists of several approaches. One approach is that of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), in which an extremely sharp metal tip on a cantilever is passed along the surface while measuring the electric current flowing through quantum mechanical tunneling. Monitoring the current then permits maintaining the probe at a fixed height above the surface. Display of probe height as a function of surface coordinates then gives the desired topographic map. One limitation of this approach is the requirement that the sample be electrically conductive. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), on the other hand, does not require a conducting Surface.
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Nishad, G. R. "Applications of PEDOT:PSS in Solar Cells." In Materials Research Foundations, 40–76. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901410-3.

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Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is increasingly being used in the field of printed and flexible electronics in the form of electrode as well as intermediate layer. PEDOT:PSS belongs to the family of intrinsically conducting polymer materials whose members can conduct electricity in spite of their organic nature without the presence of metals. It is non-toxic, stable in the presence of air and humidity. Above all, it can be easily processed through conventional means. This chapter deals with the applications of PEDOT:PSS in organic solar cells (OSCs), dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and silicon based hybrid solar cells. PEDOT:PSS is being used as electrode, buffer layer and hole conductive layer. It could manipulate the catalytic nature of counter electrode used in DSSCs. Whereas it may help to manipulate the morphological character in Si based hybrid solar cells along with enhancement of cell performance.
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Conference papers on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

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Geniès, Eugène M. "Conducting polymers on non-conducting substrates: Chemical coating processes and applications." In The proceedings of the 53rd international meeting of physical chemistry: Organic coatings. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.49450.

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Gu, H. B., S. Morita, T. Kawai, and K. Yoshino. "Electrical and optical properties of conducting polymer composites consisting of conducting polymers with non-degenerated structure." In International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.834864.

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Otero, Toribio F., Maria T. Cortes, Iker Boyano, and Genma Vazquez. "Nucleation, non-stoiquiometry, and tactile muscles with conducting polymers." In Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.538603.

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Venugopal, Vinithra, Hao Zhang, and Vishnu-Baba Sundaresan. "A Chemo-Mechanical Constitutive Model for Conducting Polymers." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3218.

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Conducting polymers undergo volumetric expansion through redox-mediated ion exchange with its electrolytic environment. The ion transport processes resulting from an applied electrical field controls the conformational relaxation in conducting polymer and regulates the generated stress and strain. In the last two decades, significant contributions from various groups have resulted in methods to fabricate, model and characterize the mechanical response of conducting polymer actuators in bending mode. An alternating electrical field applied to the polymer electrolyte interface produces the mechanical response in the polymer. The electrical energy applied to the polymer is used by the electrochemical reaction in the polymer backbone, for ion transport at the electrolyte-polymer interface and for conformational changes to the polymer. Due to the advances in polymer synthesis, there are multitudes of polymer-dopant combinations used to design an actuator. Over the last decade, polypyrrole (PPy) has evolved to be the most common conducting polymer actuator. Thin sheets of polymer are electrodeposited on to a substrate, doped with dodecylbezenesulfonate (DBS-) and microfabricated into a hermetic, air operated cantilever actuator. The electrical energy applied across the thickness of the polymer is expended by the electrochemical interactions at the polymer-electrolyte interface, ion transport and electrostatic interactions of the backbone. The widely adopted model for designing actuators is the electrochemically stimulated conformational relaxation (ESCR) model. Despite these advances, there have been very few investigations into the development of a constitutive model for conducting polymers that represent the input-output relation for chemoelectromechanical energy conversion. On one hand, dynamic models of conducting polymers use multiphysics-based non-linear models that are computationally intensive and not scalable for complicated geometries. On the other, empirical models that represent the chemomechanical coupling in conducting polymers present an over-simplified approach and lack the scientific rigor in predicting the mechanical response. In order to address these limitations and to develop a constitutive model for conducting polymers, its coupled chemomechanical response and material degradation with time, we have developed a constitutive model for polypyrrole-based conducting polymer actuator. The constitutive model is applied to a micron-scale conducting polymer actuator and coupling coefficients are expressed using a mechanistic representation of coupling in polypyrrole (dodecylbenzenesulfonate) [PPy(DBS)].
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5

Schwartz, Benjamin J., Fumitomo Hide, Mats R. Andersson, and Alan J. Heeger. "Ultrafast Photophysics of Conjugated Polymers, Blends, and Devices." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1996.fe.30.

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The photophysics of conducting polymers are of interest both for the fundamental information they provide about the nature of excitations in low-dimensional systems, and for the enormous practical potential they offer in the production of low cost, readily processible electroluminescent devices.[1-5] The technological goals in constructing organic LED's include improvement of the quantum efficiency of the luminescence and control over the emission frequency. By constructing new polymers with different side groups and doping polymer films with other luminescent molecules, both of these goals can be met. In this paper, we present ultrafast photophysical studies of a novel conjugated polymer with a high luminescence efficiency. Comparison of the transient absorption and emission dynamics of the new polymer, an alkyl-substituted poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (a-PPV), to unsubstituted or alkoxy-substituted PPV's [1-4] demonstrates that non-radiative pathways which compete with luminescent channels are significantly curtailed in the new material. Additional femtosecond studies on a-PPV/dye molecule blends show that rapid energy transfer takes place, opening the possibility for tuning the emission by the choice of dye molecule. Light emitting diodes constructed from the new polymer and the polymer/dye blends demonstrate improvement of the electroluminescence efficiency upon doping, verifying that energy transfer competes effectively with non-radiative channels under in-situ conditions.
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6

Morita, S., K. Yoshimoto, B. K. Park, T. Kawai, R. Sugimoto, and K. Yoshino. "Unique properties of conducting polymers of non-degenerated structures poly(3-alkylthiophene) and poly(9-alkylfluorene) mixed with polyacetylene derivatives poly(o-trimethylsilylphenylacetylene)." In International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.834868.

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7

Nawroj, Ahsan I., John P. Swensen, and Aaron M. Dollar. "Design of a Bulk Conductive Polymer Using Embedded Macroscopic Copper Cells." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3155.

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This paper introduces a technique of inducing bulk conductivity in a polymer. The technique uses coiled copper ‘cells’ embedded into a polymer during fabrication which can subsequently create highly redundant series-parallel networks. The preceding body of work aimed to improve the conductivity of non-conducting polymers by embedding particulates (of metal, carbon, etc.) into the polymer, or by altering the polymerization chemistry to incorporate conductive elements. The technique described here keeps the process independent of the specific polymer chosen by not relying on the polymerization chemistry to aid in the incorporation of the cells. The embedding drastically lowers the resistivity of the polymer, from 1012 Ω -cm (approx.) for pure silicone rubber to less than 50 Ω -cm for the composite at room temperature: a drop of 12 orders of magnitude. A secondary consideration of this paper is the mechanical stiffness changes brought about by the embedding of metal inside a flexible polymer. Although the connected network of copper cells allows the rubber to be highly conductive in bulk, the cells are themselves compliant and thus have minimal effect on the stiffness of the cured silicone rubber.
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Fan, Chinbay, Michael Onischak, and William Liss. "Advanced Components for PEMFC Stacks." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97144.

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Currently, fuel cell cost reduction and long life are major priorities for fuel cells to be commercially successful for vehicle, stationary, or portable power applications. In the last five years, Gas Technology Institute (GTI) has formulated and developed a low cost, long lifetime, high conductivity proton exchange membrane (PEM) yielding state-of-the-art fuel cell performance. Additionally, a non-coated, corrosion-resistant metal alloy bipolar separator plate has been patented and tested for both hydrogen-fueled and direct methanol fueled PEMFC applications. Tests in fuel cells plus out-of-cell ASTM corrosion tests have shown very low corrosion rates under fuel cell operating conditions. Metal alloy separator plates have run for over 23,000 hours in cells with corrosion rates an order of magnitude less than the DOE target of 1 μA/cm2. GTI’s fuel cell polymer membrane research focused on three criteria: (1) use of low cost materials; (2) polymer structures stable under fuel cell operating conditions; and (3) performance equal or better than current Nafion membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). Fluorine-containing polymers were eliminated due to cost issues, environmental factors, and the negative influence fluorine ion loss has on metallic separator plates. The polymer membrane material was synthesized and cast into films, then fabricated into MEAs. The cost of the membrane (raw materials plus film processing materials) is estimated to be less than $10/m2 — or less than 10% of available technology. A variety of out-of-cell testing showed the membrane has sufficient strength, flexibility, and conductivity to serve as an ion conducting membrane for fuel cells. A series of 60 cm2 active area single cells and short stacks were operated over a wide range of fuel cell conditions, showing state-of-the-art MEA performance with long-term polymer stability.
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9

Mai, Kahnery, Nathan Watts, and George Herman. "Screen Factor Polymer Characterization: Improved Screen Factor Technique, Apparatus, and Analysis." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213837-ms.

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Abstract Improvement of mobility control in conventional oil reservoirs is commonly achieved through polymer flooding. This enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology involves the addition of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) to the injection fluid to increase the viscosity of the displacing phase in the reservoir. The mobility improvement of a polymer flood is defined as the resistance factor (RF), which is experimentally measured by comparing the flow characteristics (e.g., pressure drop, flow rate) of the polymer solution against its solvent (or other simulate fluid for the waterflood). Equations for these comparisons are built upon Darcy's law for fluid flow, which applies in low shear rate conditions (like deep reservoir flow) where the pressure drop in a given section of the porous media is linearly related to the flow rate for a given fluid viscosity. However, the viscosity of HPAM solutions follow non-Newtonian behavior that changes with shear rate, typically following a shear-thinning trend. Flow through complex porous media that is representative of the reservoir can introduce elongational (or extensional) flow, which can cause a "shear-thickening" region where the polymer's apparent (in-situ) viscosity increases according to its viscoelastic characteristics. Since predicting the RF potential of a polymer solution is a primary goal of laboratory screening and formulation work for EOR projects, polymer evaluations often incorporate experimental methods that probe this viscoelastic potential. Screen factor (SF) is a long-established method that is often considered to characterize polymer solutions' viscoelasticity with a relatively simple apparatus and fast measurement. This study introduces a new method for conducting screen factor measurements that improves upon the original design and protocol (as described in API RP 63). Validating the efficacy of the new design required an in-depth examination into the nature of SF measurements. The proposed novel design and methodology was able to replicate benchmark results generated according to API RP 63 while improving ease of use, measurement precision and accuracy, and level of data generation to allow for in-depth measurement analysis. While investigating the principles that govern standard gravity drainage screen factor, it was found that the solvent flows under non-linear conditions, precluding the application of linear flow equations (such as Darcy's law) and explaining why SF is a wholly unique value that cannot be directly related to other measurements (e.g., porous media RF or in-situ viscosity). Through rate controlled experiments with the screen pack from a SF setup (five 100 mesh screens), it was determined that screen factor does not appear to be a purely viscoelastic measurement, but rather exerted a shear rate in the transition regime from viscous to viscoelastic flow under the studied conditions. While useful applications of screen factor are recognized, the discussed analyses bring attention to the limitations of SF. In reference to RF results generated in porous media (Berea core), alternative laboratory experiments (e.g., CaBER evaluation or RF with an in-line filter) are shown to provide more effective characterization of the studied polymers' viscoelastic potential compared to screen factor measurements.
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Bloor, D. "Polymers for non-linear optics: advances and challenges." In IEE Colloquium on Conducting Polymers and Their Applications in Transducers and Instrumentation. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19961289.

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Reports on the topic "Non-conducting Polymers"

1

MacDiarmid, Alan G. Conducting Electronic Polymers by Non-Redox Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada204408.

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2

MacDiarmid, Alan G. Conducting Electronic Polymers by Non-Redox Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada205551.

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