Academic literature on the topic 'Non-C'

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-C"

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Alter, Harvey J. "Transfusion transmitted hepatitis C and non-A, non-B, non-C." Vox Sanguinis 67, no. 3 (1994): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000462697.

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ALTER, HARVEY J. "TRANSFUSION TRANSMITTED HEPATITIS C AND NON-A, NON-B, NON-C." Vox Sanguinis 67 (July 1994): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb04539.x.

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Koretz, Ronald L., Maria Brezina, Alan J. Polito, Stella Quan, Judith Wilber, Robert Dinello, and Gary Gitnick. "Non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis: Comparing C and non-C hepatitis." Hepatology 17, no. 3 (March 1993): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840170303.

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NISHIKAWA, HIROKI, and YUKIO OSAKI. "Non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma." International Journal of Oncology 43, no. 5 (August 20, 2013): 1333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.2061.

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Wejstål, R., G. Norkrans, and A. Widell. "Chronic Non-A, Non-B, Non-C Hepatitis: Is Hepatitis G/GBV-C Involved?" Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 32, no. 10 (January 1997): 1046–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365529709011223.

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DELLADETSIMA, J. "Histological features of acute non-A, non-B hepatitis: Hepatitis C versus non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis." Hepatology 18, no. 4 (October 1993): A146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0270-9139(93)92113-e.

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Havelka, J., G. Zala, H. J. Joller Jemelka, A. Wicki, J. A. Garson, B. Meier, M. Schmid, and H. Bühler. "Anti-HCV-negattve chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: Seronegative Hepatitis C or “non-A, non-B, non-C” Hepatitis?" Journal of Hepatology 13 (January 1991): S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-8278(91)91491-x.

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Marsden, Simon. "C. Non-Compliance Procedures." Yearbook of International Environmental Law 27 (January 1, 2016): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yiel/yvx016.

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Marsden, Simon. "C. Non-Compliance Procedures." Yearbook of International Environmental Law 28 (January 1, 2017): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yiel/yvy025.

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Rochling, F. A., W. F. Jones, K. Chau, L. DuCharme, L. T. Mimms, B. Moore, J. Scheffel, J. A. Cuthbert, and D. L. Thiele. "Acute sporadic non-A, non-B, non-C, non-D, non-E hepatitis." Hepatology 25, no. 2 (February 1997): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.510250237.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-C"

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Pilarski, Lukasz T. "Palladacycles for non-redox C-C bond forming reactions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495644.

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This thesis is concerned with the use of palladacyclic complexes as catalysts for C-C and C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions in which an oxidation state change of the metal centre is not part of the catalytic cycle. To this end, the investigation of a range of known K²-C,L-based palladacycles in the allylation of aldehyde and imine substrates using stannanes, as well as the 1,4-conjugate arylation of enones and imines using arylboronic acids under mild conditions is described. In each case the commercially available phosphite-based dimeric palladacycle is found to be the most active complex capable of achieving excellent conversions (>90%) at the 0.5 - 2.5mol% loading range. Three previously unknown phosphinite and amidophosphinite palladium pincer complexes are also synthesised, characterised (including crystallographically) and tested in the 1,4-conjugate addition of phenylboronic acid to chalcone and found to be inactive.
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Pal, S. "Non-metallic approaches for C-H and C-Si bond activations." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2013. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/1921.

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LELLOUCHE, ISABELLE A. S. "Etude des systemes biomimetiques de transformations des liaisons c-h non activees en liaisons c-o, c-s, et c-se catalysees par des complexes de fer non-heminiques." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112333.

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La chalcogenation des hydrocarbures satures a ete effectuee avec les systemes d'oxydation de type gif, utilisant des catalyseurs de fer non-heminique dans le melange pyridine-acide acetique, avec l'oxygene moleculaire associee a un reducteur de source metallique (fe:gif#i#i#&#i#i#izn:gif#i#v) ou electrochimique (cathode de carbone vitreux: g. O. ) ou avec le peroxyde d'hydrogene (goagg#i#i#&#i#i#i), en presence de reactifs chalcogenes organiques (diphenyl, dialkyl ou alkyl-phenyl) ou inorganiques du selenium et du soufre. Une grande difference de reactivite a ete notee entre les reactifs selenies et leurs homologues soufres. Les diphenyl et dialkyl diseleniures ont une reactivite comparable et conduisent a la formation selective d'ethers selenies (phenyl-alkyl ou dialkyl) avec de bons rendements (78-87%). Le diphenyl disulfure conduit a la formation competitive de thioethers (phenyl-alkyl) et des produits oxygenes (cetone, alcool) avec des rendements modestes. Les dialkyl disulfures, les thiols ainsi que les composes possedant du soufre active a caractere electrophile (rsso#3na, r#1sso#2r#2, r#2nsr), ne conduisent pas a la formation du thioether. L'emploi de reactifs mineraux du soufre (h#2s, na#2s, nahs, s#8) a conduit a la formation simultanee de composes polysoufres (rs#nr, n=2, 3, 4) et oxygenes, avec des rendements pouvant atteindre 62%/s et des efficacites electroniques de 15-25%. L'etude des differents parametres du systeme (concentration de l'acide, ajout d'acide picolinique, concentration du substrat) a permis de mettre au point des conditions de formation selective des produits polysoufres. Le mecanisme de formation des produits polysoufres, qui ne fait pas intervenir de radicaux libres ni de soufre moleculaire a l'etat singulet peut etre decrit par une etape de couplage de ligands alkyl et sulfhydryl ou disulfhydryl d'un intermediaire du fer commun aux produits soufres et oxygenes. L'etude en absorption x (exafs, xanes) a montre la structure polynucleaire du complexe de fer(iii) stable dans le melange reactionnel goagg#i#i, mais mononucleaire dans le melange goagg#i#i#i
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Gomez, Lopez Arley. "Phopholipase c and hemolysis in non-tuberculous mycobacteria." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211690.

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Concepcion, Rowen. "Introducing Non-Determinism to the Parallel C Compiler." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/22.

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The Planguages project is the birthplace of the Planguage programmingapproach, which is designed to alleviate the task of writing parallelprograms and harness massively parallel computers and networks of workstations. Planguage has two existing translators, Parallel C (PC) and Pfortran,which is used for their base languages, C and Fortran77. The translatorswork with MPI (Message Passing Interface) for communications. SOS(ipStreams, Overlapping and Shortcutting), a function library that supportsthe three named functionalities, can be used to further optimize parallel algorithms. This project is the next step in the continuing project of updatingthe PC Compiler. The goal is to test the viability of using “shortcutting”functions. Parallel programs with the ability to shortcut can be generatedby the updated version of the PC Compiler. In addition, this project introducesthe ability of the PC Compiler to translate a race condition intoa non-deterministic solution. This document explores different phases of the project in detail. Thefollowing phases are included: software design, algorithm design, analysis,and results. The deliverables, source code, and diagrams are included asAppendices.
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Srivastava, Sachi. "Laplace transforms, non-analytic growth bounds and C₀-semigroups." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249507.

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In this thesis, we study a non-analytic growth bound $\zeta(f)$ associated with an exponentially bounded measurable function $f: \mathbb{R}_{+} \to \mathbf{X},$ which measures the extent to which $f$ can be approximated by holomorphic functions. This growth bound is related to the location of the domain of holomorphy of the Laplace transform of $f$ far from the real axis. We study the properties of $\zeta(f)$ as well as two associated abscissas, namely the non-analytic abscissa of convergence, $\zeta_{1}(f)$ and the non-analytic abscissa of absolute convergence $\kappa(f)$. These new bounds may be considered as non-analytic analogues of the exponential growth bound $\omega_{0}(f)$ and the abscissas of convergence and absolute convergence of the Laplace transform of $f,$ $\operatorname{abs}(f)$ and $\operatorname{abs}(\|f\|)$. Analogues of several well known relations involving the growth bound and abscissas of convergence associated with $f$ and abscissas of holomorphy of the Laplace transform of $f$ are established. We examine the behaviour of $\zeta$ under regularisation of $f$ by convolution and obtain, in particular, estimates for the non-analytic growth bound of the classical fractional integrals of $f$. The definitions of $\zeta, \zeta_{1}$ and $\kappa$ extend to the operator-valued case also. For a $C_{0}$-semigroup $\mathbf{T}$ of operators, $\zeta(\mathbf{T})$ is closely related to the critical growth bound of $\mathbf{T}$. We obtain a characterisation of the non-analytic growth bound of $\mathbf{T}$ in terms of Fourier multiplier properties of the resolvent of the generator. Yet another characterisation of $\zeta(\mathbf{T}) $ is obtained in terms of the existence of unique mild solutions of inhomogeneous Cauchy problems for which a non-resonance condition holds. We apply our theory of non-analytic growth bounds to prove some results in which $\zeta(\mathbf{T})$ does not appear explicitly; for example, we show that all the growth bounds $\omega_{\alpha}(\mathbf{T}), \alpha >0,$ of a $C_{0}$-semigroup $\mathbf{T}$ coincide with the spectral bound $s(\mathbf{A})$, provided the pseudo-spectrum is of a particular shape. Lastly, we shift our focus from non-analytic bounds to sun-reflexivity of a Banach space with respect to $C_{0}$-semigroups. In particular, we study the relations between the existence of certain approximations of the identity on the Banach space $\xspace$ and that of $C_{0}$-semigroups on $\mathbf{X}$ which make $\mathbf{X}$ sun-reflexive.
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Aflalo, Esther. "Non-trivialité de points C. M. Et vecteurs test." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066530.

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Cette thèse généralise des résultats de Cornut et Vatsal sur la non-trivialité de points C. M. Sur des quotients de Jacobiennes de courbes de Shimura dans des extensions infinies de ring class fields. Nous reprenons dans notre démonstration des techniques utilisées par les deux auteurs sus-cités ; notre innovation, qui intervient lors de la recherche d'une nouvelle paramétrisation prenant en compte l'action galoisienne sur ces points, est l'utilisation de méthodes issues de la théorie des représentations de GL2, au sein desquelles les vecteurs test introduits par Gross et Prasad jouent un rôle prédominant
This thesis generalises the results of Cornut and Vatsal on non-triviality of C. M. Points on quotients of Jacobians of Shimura curves in infinite towers of ring class fields. The proof uses methods of Cornut and Vatsal. The main new ingredient, which appears in the search of a new parametrization taking into account the Galois action, is the use of representation theory of GL2, in which the test vectors in the sense of Gross and Prasad play a prominent role
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Simon, Matthieu. "Etude des formes non natives du cytochrome c humain." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1B012.

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Le cytochrome c est impliqué dans le déclenchement de l’apoptose par l’acquisition d’une activité peroxydase. L’acquisition de cette activité est liée à des modifications structurales de la protéine en interaction avec les cardiolipides présents dans la membrane interne mitochondriale. Cependant, la nature exacte des formes non natives du cytochrome c en interaction avec la membrane fait encore débat. Au cours de cette étude, en utilisant des cytochromes c humain (le sauvage, deux simples mutants histidines et le double mutant correspondant) ainsi que des micelles et des vésicules lipidiques comme modèles membranaires, nous avons réussi, en utilisant la spectroscopie UV-visible, le dichroïsme circulaire et la RMN, à caractériser la nature du sixième ligand axial qui remplace la méthionine native. En effectuant des titrations en pH, nous avons pu identifier les acides aminés en interaction avec le fer de l’hème sur une large gamme de pH. Le remplacement de la méthionine par une lysine a été uniquement observé à des valeurs de pH supérieures à 8,5, alors que l’interaction des histidines avec le fer de l’hème est dépendante de la concentration micellaire et du pH. La gamme de variation de pH correspondant à la protonation des histidines est faible et compatible avec les variations de pH observées au cours de l’apoptose. Ces résultats nous ont permis d’exclure les lysines comme sixième ligand de la protéine à des pH proches de la neutralité, et de renforcer la prédominance des histidines et plus particulièrement de l’histidine 33 pour jouer ce rôle. Enfin, en se basant sur les résultats obtenus in vitro et des simulations par dynamiques moléculaires, nous proposons un modèle 3D du cytochrome c en interaction micellaire
In addition to its electron transfer activity, cytochrome c is now known to trigger apoptosis via peroxidase activity. This new function is related to a structural modification of the cytochrome upon association with anionic lipids, particularly cardiolipin present in the mitochondrial membrane. However, the exact nature of the non-native state induced by this interaction remains an active subject of debate. In this work, using human cytochromes c (native, two single-histidine mutants and the corresponding double mutant) and micelles or small unilamellar vesicles as a hydrophobic medium, we succeeded, through UV–visible spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy, in fully characterizing the nature of the sixth ligand replacing the native methionine. Furthermore, careful pH titrations permitted the identification of the amino acids involved in the iron binding over a range of pH values. Replacement of the methionine by lysine was only observed at pH above 8. 5, whereas histidine binding is dependent on both pH and micelle concentration. The pH variation range for histidine protonation is relatively narrow and is consistent with the mitochondrial intermembrane pH changes occurring during apoptosis. These results allow us to rule out lysine as the sixth ligand at pH values close to neutrality and reinforce the role of histidines (preferentially His33 vs His26) as the main candidate to replace methionine in the non-native cytochrome c. Finally, on the basis of these results and molecular dynamics simulations, we propose a 3D model for non-native cytochrome c in a micellar environment
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Guiglielmoni, Nadege. "Improving genome assemblies of non-model non-vertebrate animals with long reads and Hi-C." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/331242/5/ContratDiGuiglielmoni.pdf.

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The corpus of reference genomes is rapidly expanding as more and more genome assemblies are released for a wide variety of species. The constant progress in sequencing technologies has led to the release in 2021 of a first complete, telomere-to-telomere, gap-less assembly of a human genome, yet a myriad of eukaryote species still lack genomic resources. For animals, genomic projects have focused on species closely related to humans (vertebrates) and those with an impact on health and agriculture. By contrast, there is still a dearth of non-vertebrate genomes that poorly represents their tremendous diversity (about 95% of animal diversity).Haploid chromosome-level genome assemblies using long reads and chromosome conformation capture (such as Hi-C) have become a standard in recent publications. To provide a haploid representation of diploid and polyploid genomes, assemblers collapse haplotypes into a single sequence, yet they are sensitive to high levels of heterozygosity and often yield fragmented assemblies with artefactual duplications. I tackled these shortcomings with two strategies: improving collapsed assemblies with a comprehensive long-read assembly methodology tuned for highly heterozygous genomes; and separating haplotypes to obtain phased assemblies using long reads and Hi-C. The assemblies were finally brought to chromosome-level scaffolds with a new Hi-C scaffolder, which demonstrated its efficiency on genomes of non-model organisms.These methods were applied to generate chromosome-level assemblies of three species for which none or few assemblies of closely related species were available: the bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga, the coral Astrangia poculata, and the chaetognath Flaccisagitta enflata. These high-quality assemblies contribute to filling the current gaps in non-vertebrate genomics and pave the way for future sequencing initiatives aiming to generate such reference assemblies for all the species on Earth.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Lockley, Timothy James. "Encounters between non-slaveholding whites and Afro-Americans in low-country Georgia, c.1750-c.1830." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271967.

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Books on the topic "Non-C"

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C++ primer for non C programmers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995.

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Zamir, Saba. C[plus plus] primer for non C programmers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995.

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Dufaux, Jean. Giacomo C..: La non-belle. Grenoble: Glénat, 2006.

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Thomas, Laurenceau, ed. Cent questions sur l'hépatite C: À l'usage des 500 000 Français contaminés et de ceux qui ne veulent pas l'être. 2nd ed. Paris: Frison-Roche, 1999.

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Exel, Ruy, and David R. Pitts. Characterizing Groupoid C*-algebras of Non-Hausdorff Étale Groupoids. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05513-3.

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IOS app development for non-programmers: Flying with Objective-C. Troy, VA: Oak Leaf Enterprises, 2013.

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Greaves, Lorraine. A brief on Bill C-204, the Non-Smokers Health Act. Toronto: National Action Committee on the Status of Women, 1987.

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Stevens, Irina. Hereditary subalgebras of certain simple non real rank zero C*-algebras. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1998.

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Administration, Bonneville Power. Non-federal participation capacity ownership contracts and Section 9(c) policy: Record of decision. [Portland, Or.]: Bonneville Power Administration, U.S Dept. of Energy, 1994.

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The growth of non-western cities: Primary and secondary urban networking, c. 900-1900. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-C"

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Blum, Hubert E. "Non-B, Non-C Viral Hepatitis." In Liver Diseases, 197–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24432-3_18.

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Scheinker, Alexander, and Miroslav Krstić. "Non-C $$^{2}$$ ES." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 55–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50790-3_5.

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Richards, Evelleen. "The Vitamin C ‘Non-Believers’." In Vitamin C and Cancer: Medicine or Politics?, 52–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09606-0_4.

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Haagerup, U., and S. Thorbjørnsen. "Random Matrices and Non-Exact C*-Algebras." In C*-Algebras, 71–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57288-3_5.

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Ricciotti, Diego. "$$C^\infty $$ C ∞ Regularity for the Non-degenerate Equation." In SpringerBriefs in Mathematics, 43–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23790-9_4.

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Young, Hugh, and Marie Ogilvie. "Hepatitis C virus (HCV) (Non-A, Non-B hepatitis)." In Genitourinary Infections, 168–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-5080-6_5.

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Buti, Maria, Rosendo Jardi, Francisco Rodriguez-Frias, Jose Quer, R. Esteban, and Jaime Guardia. "Non-A, Non-B, Non-C, Non-E Acute Hepatitis: Does it Really Exist?" In Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease, 77–79. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68255-4_20.

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Gross, Johannes, Tamara Reiter, Christiane Wuensch, Silvia M. Glueck, and Kurt Faber. "Non-Redox Lyases and Transferases for C-C, C-O, C-S, and C-N Bond Formation." In Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations 3, 75–134. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118697856.ch04.

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Favorov, Michael O., O. O. Znoiko, T. L. Yashina, P. Patel, E. Z. Goldberg, Y. E. Khudyakov, B. Khanna, et al. "Evidence for Parenterally Transmitted non-A, non-B, non-C, non-D, non-E Hepatitis in Russia." In Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease, 87–88. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68255-4_23.

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Given-Wilson, Thomas, and Axel Legay. "X-by-C: Non-functional Security Challenges." In Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation. Modeling, 486–501. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03418-4_29.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-C"

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Zhang, Qiang-hua, Yan Tan, and Jian-gang Wu. "40.5kV non SF6 C-GIS research." In 2011 1st International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st.2011.6122962.

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Case, John, Michael Ralston, and Yohji Akama. "A Non-Uniformly C-Productive Sequence & Non-Constructive Disjunctions." In 13th Asian Logic Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814678001_0002.

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Jing, Leixuan, and Jianping Zheng. "Non-Coherent C-RAN: Index Modulation Aided Transmission and Non-Bayesian Detection." In 2021 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498868.

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Susan, Seba, Puneet Sharawat, Sandeep Singh, Ramkesh Meena, Amit Verma, and Mukesh Kumar. "Fuzzy C-means with non-extensive entropy regularization." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems (SPICES). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spices.2015.7091464.

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Andrienko, Daniil, Joseph J. Shang, Sergey Surzhikov, and George P. Huang. "Non-equilibrium flowfield of RAM-C II probe." In 45th AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-2376.

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Joyes, P., R. J. Tarento, and J. Van de Walle. "Non adiabatic time-dependent processes of the monoatomic fragmentation in C[sub 20], C[sub 60], C[sub 70] and C[sub 110] fullerenes." In Similarities and differences between atomic nuclei and clusters. AIP, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.54568.

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Chen, Long, Jing Zou, and C. L. Philip Chen. "Kernel non-local shadowed c-means for image segmentation." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2014.6891770.

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Edelman, Piotr. "Non-Contact C-V Technique for high-k Applications." In CHARACTERIZATION AND METROLOGY FOR ULSI TECHNOLOGY: 2003 International Conference on Characterization and Metrology for ULSI Technology. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1622464.

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Cho, Jin, Zhen Hu, and Mina Sartipi. "Non-Intrusive A/C Load Disaggregation Using Deep Learning." In 2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdc.2018.8440358.

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Liu, Xiangdong, Zhijie Li, Nan Jiang, and Junxing Zhang. "General Julia Sets of Non-analytic Families≡ n+c." In 2009 International Workshop on Chaos-Fractals Theories and Applications (IWCFTA 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwcfta.2009.87.

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Reports on the topic "Non-C"

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Prusky, Dov, Noel T. Keen, and Stanley Freeman. Elicitation of Preformed Antifungal Compounds by Non-Pathogenic Fungus Mutants and their Use for the Prevention of Postharvest Decay in Avocado Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7570573.bard.

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C. gloeosporioides attacks unripe avocado fruits in the orchard. Germinated spores produce appressoria that germinate and breach the cuticle, but the resultant subcuticular hyphae become quiescent and do not develop further until fruit is harvested and ripens. Resistance of unripe avocado to attach by C. gloeosporioides is correlated with the presence of fungitoxic concentrations of the preformed antifungal compound, 1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxoheneicosa-12, 15 diene in the pericarp of unripe fruits. The objective of this proposal was to study the signal transduction process by which elicitors induce resistance in avocado. It was found that abiotic elicitors, infection of avocado fruit with C. gloeosporioides or treatment of avocado cell suspension with cell-wall elicitor induced a significant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ripe and unripe fruit tissue differ with regard to the ROS production. The unripe, resistant fruit are physiologically able to react and to produce high levels of ROS and increased activity of H+ATPase that can enhance the phenylpropanoid pathway ad regulate the levels of the antifungal compound-diene, inhibit fungal development, resulting in its quiescence. Interestingly, it was also found that growth regulators like cytokinin could do activation of the mechanism of resistance. Postharvest treatments of cytokinins strongly activated the phenylpropanoid pathway and induce resistance. We have developed non-pathogenic strains of C. gloeosporioides by Random Enzyme Mediated Integration and selected a hygromycin resistance, non-pathogenic strain Cg-142 out of 3500 transformants. This non-pathogenic isolate activates H+ATPase and induces resistance against Colletotrichum attack. As a basis for studying the importance of PL in pathogenicity, we have carried out heterologous expression of pel from C. gloeosporioides in the non-pathogenic C. magna and determine the significant increase in pathogenicity of the non-pathogenic strain. Based on these results we can state that pectate lyase is an important pathogenicity factor of C. gloeosporioides and found that fungal pathogenicity is affected not by pel but by PL secretion. Our results suggest that PH regulates the secretion of pectate lyase, and support its importance as a pathogenicity factor during the attack of avocado fruit by C. gloeosporioides . This implicates that if these findings are of universal importance in fungi, control of disease development could be done by regulation of secretion of pathogenicity factors.
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2

Dyer, J. A. pH buffering stragegy for a non-time critical removal action at the C-Area Groundwater Operable Unit. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1501826.

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3

Ismaiel, Abdulrahman, Oana Ciobanu, Mohamed Ismaiel, Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Liliana David, Dilara Ensar, Nahlah Al Srouji, and Dan L. Dumitrascu. Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0043.

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Review question / Objective: P - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) I - Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) C - Imaging and histopathology O - Mean difference and Area Under the Curve S - Observational studies. Condition being studied: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a common liver disease characterized by the presence of excessive fat build up within hepatocytes, in the absence of other conditions that result in hepatic steatosis and with little to no alcohol consumption. It refers to a broad range of conditions including steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis.
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4

Rodriguez, Russell J., and Stanley Freeman. Gene Expression Patterns in Plants Colonized with Pathogenic and Non-pathogenic Gene Disruption Mutants of Colletotrichum. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7592112.bard.

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Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for extensive annual crop and revenue losses throughout the world. To better understand why fungi cause diseases, we performed gene-disruption mutagenesis on several pathogenic Colletotrichum species and demonstrated that pathogenic isolates can be converted to symbionts expressing non-pathogenic lifestyles. One group of nonpathogenic mutants confer disease protection against pathogenic species of Col!etotrichum, Fusarium and Phytophthora; drought tolerance; and growth enhancement to host plants. These mutants have been defined as mutualists and disease resistance correlates to a decrease in the time required for hosts to activate defense systems when exposed to virulent fungi. A second group of non-pathogenic mutants did not confer disease resistance and were classified as commensals. In addition, we have demonstrated that wildtype pathogenic Colletotrichum species can express non-pathogenic lifestyles, including mutualism, on plants they colonize asymptomatically. We have been using wildtype and isogenic gene disruption mutants to characterize gene expression patterns in plants colonized with a pathogen, mutualist or commensal. The US group is contrasting genes expressed during colonization by mutuahstic and commensal mutants of C. magna and a pathogenic wildtype C. coccodes on tomato. The Israeli group is characterizing genes expressed during asymptomatic colonization of tomato by wildtype C. acutatum and a non-pathogenic mutant.To accomplish this we have been utilizing suppressive subtraction hybridization, microarray and sequencing strategies. The expected contribution of this research to agriculture in the US and Israel is: 1) understanding how pathogens colonize certain hosts asymptomatic ally will shed light on the ecology of plant pathogens which has been described as a fundamental deficiency in plant pathology; 2) identifying genes involved in symbiotically conferred disease resistance will help explain why and how pathogens cause disease, and may identify new candidate targets for developing genetically modified disease resistant crop plants.
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Vazquez Jauregui, Eric. Measurement of Branching Ratios for Non-leptonic Cabibbo-suppressed Decays of the Charmed-Strange Baryon Ξc+. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/937240.

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6

Datta, Sayantan, Debomita Mukherjee, Prajwal Gaikwad, Shreya Sridhar, and Riya Parekh. No Space for Some Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming and Gender Non-Binary Persons’ Access to Science Higher Education in India. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/tesf0806.2023.

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This project undertakes a large-scale quantitative and qualitative investigation into the lived experiences of transgender, gender non-conforming and gender non-binary persons in the Indian science ecosystem. Towards this goal, the study uses four key research methods: (a) applications under the Right to Information Act, 2005 to investigate the status of implementation of the legislative, judicial and policy documents that govern the access of transgender, gender non-conforming and gender non-binary persons to the Indian science ecosystem; (b) a policyscape approach to policy analysis to understand the effectiveness of the legislative, judicial and policy interventions that govern the access of transgender, gender non-conforming and gender non-binary persons to the Indian science ecosystem; (c) qualitative interviews and focus group discussions to understand the ways in which transgender, gender non-conforming and gender non-binary persons negotiate the Indian science ecosystem; and (d) a comparative historiography to understand and explicate the possibilities of political solidarity between different marginalised groups in the context of higher education in science in India, including caste-, gender- and disability-marginalised groups.
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7

Bar-Tal, Asher, Paul R. Bloom, Pinchas Fine, C. Edward Clapp, Aviva Hadas, Rodney T. Venterea, Dan Zohar, Dong Chen, and Jean-Alex Molina. Effects of soil properties and organic residues management on C sequestration and N losses. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587729.bard.

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Objectives - The overall objective of this proposal was to explore the effects of soil properties and management practices on C sequestration in soils and off-site losses of N.The specific objectives were: 1. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on C transformations that follow OW decomposition, C losses by gaseous emission, and its sequestration by organic and mineral components of the soil; 2. to investigate and to quantify the effects of soil properties on organic N mineralization and transformations in soil, its losses by leaching and gaseous emission; 3. to investigate and to quantify the effects of management practices and plants root activity and decomposition on C and N transformations; and 4. to upgrade the models NCSOIL and NCSWAP to include inorganic C and root exudation dynamics. The last objective has not been fulfilled due to difficulties in experimentally quantification of the effects of soil inorganic component on root exudation dynamics. Objective 4 was modified to explore the ability of NCSOIL to simulate organic matter decomposition and N transformations in non- and calcareous soils. Background - Rates of decomposition of organic plant residues or organic manures in soil determine the amount of carbon (C), which is mineralized and released as CO₂ versus the amount of C that is retained in soil organic matter (SOM). Decomposition rates also greatly influence the amount of nitrogen (N) which becomes available for plant uptake, is leached from the soil or lost as gaseous emission, versus that which is retained in SOM. Microbial decomposition of residues in soil is strongly influenced by soil management as well as soil chemical and physical properties and also by plant roots via the processes of mineral N uptake, respiration, exudation and decay.
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8

Jorgensen, Frieda, Andre Charlett, Craig Swift, Anais Painset, and Nicolae Corcionivoschi. A survey of the levels of Campylobacter spp. contamination and prevalence of selected antimicrobial resistance determinants in fresh whole UK-produced chilled chickens at retail sale (non-major retailers). Food Standards Agency, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xls618.

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Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle for this organism. The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) agreed with industry to reduce Campylobacter spp. contamination in raw chicken and issued a target to reduce the prevalence of the most contaminated chickens (those with more than 1000 cfu per g chicken neck skin) to below 10 % at the end of the slaughter process, initially by 2016. To help monitor progress, a series of UK-wide surveys were undertaken to determine the levels of Campylobacter spp. on whole UK-produced, fresh chicken at retail sale in the UK. The data obtained for the first four years was reported in FSA projects FS241044 (2014/15) and FS102121 (2015 to 2018). The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated raw whole retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target. This report presents results from testing chickens from non-major retailer stores (only) in a fifth survey year from 2018 to 2019. In line with previous practise, samples were collected from stores distributed throughout the UK (in proportion to the population size of each country). Testing was performed by two laboratories - a Public Health England (PHE) laboratory or the Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Belfast. Enumeration of Campylobacter spp. was performed using the ISO 10272-2 standard enumeration method applied with a detection limit of 10 colony forming units (cfu) per gram (g) of neck skin. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected antimicrobials in accordance with those advised in the EU harmonised monitoring protocol was predicted from genome sequence data in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates The percentage (10.8%) of fresh, whole chicken at retail sale in stores of smaller chains (for example, Iceland, McColl’s, Budgens, Nisa, Costcutter, One Stop), independents and butchers (collectively referred to as non-major retailer stores in this report) in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. has decreased since the previous survey year but is still higher than that found in samples from major retailers. 8 whole fresh raw chickens from non-major retailer stores were collected from August 2018 to July 2019 (n = 1009). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 55.8% of the chicken skin samples obtained from non-major retailer shops, and 10.8% of the samples had counts above 1000 cfu per g chicken skin. Comparison among production plant approval codes showed significant differences of the percentages of chicken samples with more than 1000 cfu per g, ranging from 0% to 28.1%. The percentage of samples with more than 1000 cfu of Campylobacter spp. per g was significantly higher in the period May, June and July than in the period November to April. The percentage of highly contaminated samples was significantly higher for samples taken from larger compared to smaller chickens. There was no statistical difference in the percentage of highly contaminated samples between those obtained from chicken reared with access to range (for example, free-range and organic birds) and those reared under standard regime (for example, no access to range) but the small sample size for organic and to a lesser extent free-range chickens, may have limited the ability to detect important differences should they exist. Campylobacter species was determined for isolates from 93.4% of the positive samples. C. jejuni was isolated from the majority (72.6%) of samples while C. coli was identified in 22.1% of samples. A combination of both species was found in 5.3% of samples. C. coli was more frequently isolated from samples obtained from chicken reared with access to range in comparison to those reared as standard birds. C. jejuni was less prevalent during the summer months of June, July and August compared to the remaining months of the year. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone), erythromycin (macrolide), tetracycline, (tetracyclines), gentamicin and streptomycin (aminoglycosides) was predicted from WGS data by the detection of known antimicrobial resistance determinants. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected in 185 (51.7%) isolates of C. jejuni and 49 (42.1%) isolates of C. coli; while 220 (61.1%) isolates of C. jejuni and 73 (62.9%) isolates of C. coli isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Three C. coli (2.6%) but none of the C. jejuni isolates harboured 23S mutations predicting reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR), defined as harbouring genetic determinants for resistance to at least three unrelated antimicrobial classes, was found in 10 (8.6%) C. coli isolates but not in any C. jejuni isolates. Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin was predicted in 1.7% of C. coli isolates. 9 Overall, the percentages of isolates with genetic AMR determinants found in this study were similar to those reported in the previous survey year (August 2016 to July 2017) where testing was based on phenotypic break-point testing. Multi-drug resistance was similar to that found in the previous survey years. It is recommended that trends in AMR in Campylobacter spp. isolates from retail chickens continue to be monitored to realise any increasing resistance of concern, particulary to erythromycin (macrolide). Considering that the percentage of fresh, whole chicken from non-major retailer stores in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. continues to be above that in samples from major retailers more action including consideration of interventions such as improved biosecurity and slaughterhouse measures is needed to achieve better control of Campylobacter spp. for this section of the industry. The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target.
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9

Zhou, Ruhua, Jingjing Xu, Jiaochen Luan, Weiyun Wang, Xinzhi Tang, Yanling Huang, Ziwen Su, Lei Yang, and Zejuan Gu. The Predictive Role of C-Reactive Protein on Sudden Death: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0074.

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This study was a diagnostic research, so the content was decomposed according to PIRO : P: Patients diagnosed with sudden death; I: C-reactive protein; R: There is no gold standard for sudden death, and the definition of sudden death varies from literature to literature. The World Health Organization defines sudden death: "Patients who are normally healthy or seemingly healthy die suddenly due to natural diseases in an unexpectedly short period of time." In our study, sudden death is determined by the history, symptoms, physical examination and electrocardiogram results assesed by doctor. If death events were collected from the patients’ medical records, deaths coded using the International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision, codes 410 to 414 for non-SCD and 798.1 for SCD; or the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision, codes I20 to I25 for non-SCD and I46 for SCD. All deaths registered as sudden deaths were confirmed in interviews with the patient’s physician or family members again. O: sudden death.
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10

Sanguanwong, Natthawan, Nattawat Jantarangsi, Natthida Owattanapanich, and Vorakamol Phoophiboon. Effect of non-invasive ventilation and high flow nasal cannula on interstitial lung disease with acute respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0104.

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Review question / Objective: P: Interstitial lung disease patient who is suffering with acute respiratory failure. I: Non-invasive oxygen therapy either non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high flow nasal cannula (HFNC). C: 1. Conventional oxygen therapy, 2. NIV vs HFNC. O: P/F ratio improvement, PaCO2 reduction, mortality, intubation rate. Condition being studied: The benefit of using either non-invasive ventilation or high flow nasal cannula on interstitial lung disease with acute respiratory failure.
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