Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Non-Autonome'
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Hatimy, Abdelhalim. "Comportement des solutions d'un oscillateur non autonome a non linearites quadratiques." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0016.
Full textHatimy, Abdelhalim. "Comportement des solutions d'un oscillateur non autonome à non linéarités quadratiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598252s.
Full textTeissier, Maurice. "Auto-amorçage d'une génératrice asynchrone triphasée autonome en charge équilibrée ou non." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10293.
Full textTaty, Jean-Jacques. "La non émergence d'une production audiovisuelle autonome en Afrique centrale (cinéma et télévision)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010578.
Full textDinar, Senouci. "Etude des bifurcations d'une équation non autonome de Duffing-Rayleigh et d'un modulateur MICDIF." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30175.
Full textDimitriadou, Violetta. "Données anatomophysiologiques en faveur d'un rôle non vasomoteur de l'innervation autonome des vaisseaux cérébraux." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376132198.
Full textTaha, Abdel-Kaddous. "Solutions periodiques et quasi-periodiques d'une equation de duffing non autonome a double excitation periodique." Toulouse, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAT0002.
Full textTaha, Abdel-Kaddous. "Solutions périodiques et quasi-périodiques d'une équation de Duffing non autonome à double excitation périodique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610082r.
Full textRUAUX, PASCAL. "Conception, modelisation et commandes dynamiques d'un robot mobile autonome modulaire. Application a un environnement non contraint." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066683.
Full textHabhab, Radouane. "Optimisation d'architectures mémoires non-volatiles à piégeage de charges pour les applications microcontrôleur et mémoire autonome." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ4102.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to evaluate the performance in programming/cycling/retention of a SONOS memory cell based on a highly innovative split-gate architecture developed by STMicroelectronics, the eSTM™ (embedded Select in Trench Memory). Firstly, we explain the realization of this SONOS memory, which is based on a process step modification of the floating gate eSTM™ memory, with this modification carried out without additional cost.Secondly, we investigate the most efficient program and erase mechanisms for this memory, which also leads us to propose a new SONOS memory architecture. Thirdly, we electrically characterize the P/E activations of the SONOS eSTM™ cell for the two available architectures: dual gate and overlap. For dual gate memory, both memory cells on either side of the selection transistor have their own "ONO/control gate" stack. For overlap memory, the ONO layer is common to both memory cells. Even though this layer is shared, the information storage in ONO is localized only under the relevant control gate due to the discrete nature of charge trapping. The mechanism implemented for write and erase operations is carrier hot injection, and we detail the optimization of biases (different for the two available architectures) of the drain and select gate, which define the written and erased threshold voltages. We then perform endurance tests up to one million cycles for both architectures. Finally, we conduct a study on retention and charge pumping to assess the oxide quality at the interface of our cells. In a fourth phase, we seek to better understand the operation of the memory transistor and the variability of eSTM™ using TCAD simulations and electrical measurements on structures with various geometries
Boussik, Amine. "Apprentissage profond non-supervisé : Application à la détection de situations anormales dans l’environnement du train autonome." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPHF0040.
Full textThe thesis addresses the challenges of monitoring the environment and detecting anomalies, especially obstacles, for an autonomous freight train. Although traditionally, rail transport was under human supervision, autonomous trains offer potential advantages in terms of costs, time, and safety. However, their operation in complex environments poses significant safety concerns. Instead of a supervised approach that requires costly and limited annotated data, this research adopts an unsupervised technique, using unlabeled data to detect anomalies based on methods capable of identifying atypical behaviors.Two environmental surveillance models are presented : the first, based on a convolutional autoencoder (CAE), is dedicated to identifying obstacles on the main track; the second, an advanced version incorporating the vision transformer (ViT), focuses on overall environmental surveillance. Both employ unsupervised learning techniques for anomaly detection.The results show that the highlighted method offers relevant insights for monitoring the environment of the autonomous freight train, holding potential to enhance its reliability and safety. The use of unsupervised techniques thus showcases the utility and relevance of their adoption in an application context for the autonomous train
Lafleur, Jean-Roch. "Rendez-vous autonome en orbite martienne selon les méthodes non-linéaires des commandes par modes glissants et rétroactions linéarisées." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1389.
Full textLafleur, Jean-Roch. "Rendez-vous autonome en orbite martienne selon les méthodes non-linéaires des commandes par modes glissants et rétroactions linéarisées." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007.
Find full textLabrunée, Marc. "Modulation du système nerveux autonome par les techniques non pharmacologiques : application dans l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique systolique et l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30288/document.
Full textThe management of cardiovascular disease is to fight against abnormal heart autonomic nervous system (ANS) by restoring sympatho-vagal balance with the help of pharmacological or non-pharmacological means. We have shown that intermittent exercise (IE) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) allowed to increase the vagal tone. The IE was more effective than continuous exercise for reducing arrhythmias. In a second work we have shown that electrical muscle stimulation of the lower limbs in CHF reduced sympathetic tone related to stimulation of afferents. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD) finally, we showed that the sensitive electrostimulation of lower limbs improved the walking distance via potentially sympatho-inhibitor mechanisms
Thorel, Sylvain. "Conception et réalisation d'un drone hybride sol/air autonome." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0054/document.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the non-linear control of a special hybrid quadrotor which is able to fly, and slide on the ground like an hovercraft. In the context of an autonomous indoor exploration this hybrid concept allows saving energy when flying is not necessary, since the drone can then slide on the ground without having to compensate for the gravity; autonomy can last beyond the 20 minutes typical of a standard quadrotor. Contrarily to wheeled mobile robots, the hybrid drone ability to move across space is strongly increased since it can fly to avoid obstacles, to move between two levels, to get in through a window. The study under consideration is essentially focused on the displacement of the drone on the ground and aims at designing and implementing a control law so that our system is able to track a 2D xy plane trajectory. This terrestrial quadrotor is similar to a slider underactuated vehicle. The point stabilisation is then separately studied from the trajectory tracking issue because of the Brockett condition, which is not satisfied in that case; our platform cannot be stabilized by means of continuous state feedbacks. This thesis proposes different theoretical developments based on the literature and deriving from time varying control laws, transverse functions, flatness or backstepping techniques to solve both point stabilisation and trajectory tracking. The experimental part of the thesis is based on the recovering of the drone position in real time and orientation via a Motion Capture system for feedback loop in the control law; the proposed dynamical model was validated as well as the control and command laws for the tracking of a circular trajectory
Poupaud, César. "Régularité maximale Lp du problème de Cauchy non-autonome et Théorie spectrale des opérateurs de Schrödinger sur les variétés Riemanniennes." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011972.
Full textDrougard, Anne. "Implication de l'apeline hypothalamique dans la transition entre un statut sain et un statut obèse/diabétique via la mise en place d'une voie péroxyde d'hydrogène hypothalamique-système nerveux autonome-foie." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2462/.
Full textHypothalamus is brain area involved in the control of glucose homeostasis. In response to many factors, hypothalamic activity will be modified, generating a change in activity of peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system. This loop of regulation generates an adjustment of glucose metabolism while its alteration leads to diseases such as diabetes type 2. During this thesis, we are interested in apelin, an adipokine also released by hypothalamic neurons. In the context of type 2 diabetes, apelin levels are increased in the blood and in the hypothalamus. Thus, we have demonstrated that the intracerebroventricular injection in normal mice, of high levels of apelin similar to that observed in the hypothalamus of obese and diabetic mice generates type 2 diabetes characteristics. This high level of apelin triggers hypothalamic Reactive Oxygen Species release such as H2O2 which over-activates sympathetic nervous system and targets liver increasing hepatic glucose production by glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. This hypothalamic H2O2 - autonomous nervous system - liver pathway is also found in a mouse model overexpressing apelin in the ventromedial nucleus. This pathway is always present and amplified in obese/diabetic mice demonstrating a lack of resistance to apelin. Thus this thesis brings to highlight that high levels of hypothalamic apelin are involved in the onset of type 2 diabetes
Hygounenc, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et commande d'un dirigeable pour le vol autonome." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30174.
Full textFleury, Sara. "Architecture de contrôle distribuée pour robot mobile autonome : principes, conception et applications." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165569.
Full textRagot, Stéphanie. "Apport de l'évaluation non invasive du système nerveux autonome chez l'hypertendu esssentiel pour l'identification des anomalies du rythme nycthéméral de pression artérielle." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28679.
Full textPlanques, Anabelle. "Expression et sécrétion d'Otx2 par les plexus choroïdes, nouvelle évidence d'un contrôle non-cellulaire- autonome de la neurogenèse adulte. Rôles physiologiques d’Otx2." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066501/document.
Full textAdult neurogenesis in mice involves neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) whose progenitors integrate into the olfactory bulbs. The neurogenic niche, which contains supporting cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), regulates the properties (proliferation, migration and differentiation) of progenitor cells. This niche is influenced by factors from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is produced by the choroid plexus (CP) in the brain ventricles. The Otx2 homeoprotein transcription factor is secreted into CSF by CP, and taken up by a specific subset of cells within the brain parenchyma. Otx2 is involved in various stages of brain development, including CP development, and has non-cell autonomous functions. The aim of my thesis is to understand how Otx2 regulates adult CP function and participates in adult SVZ neurogenesis. Through genomic studies, we investigated the consequence of Otx2 knockdown (KD) in adult CP and found: (i) adult CP from different ventricles exhibit different expression profiles; (ii) Otx2 KD alters the expression of genes with important CP functions; and (iii) deregulation of certain genes after Otx2 KD can be CP specific. Through proteomics studies, we found that (iv) adult Otx2 could be involved in functions beyond transcriptional regulation, such as RNA processing.To evaluate the role of Otx2 in SVZ neurogenesis, we also used Otx2 KD mouse models. We found that: (i) the expression of Otx2 in CP regulates adult neurogenesis; (ii) Otx2 transfers to astrocytes of the SVZ; (iii) Otx2 transfer is sufficient to regulate adult neurogenesis; and (iv) Otx2 KD in CP alters the expression of ECM proteins secreted by astrocytes in the neurogenic niche
Wu, Yipeng. "Récupération d'énergie vibratoire large bande à partir de transducteurs piézoélectriques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENA018/document.
Full textEnergy harvesting technology describes the process of converting ambient energy surrounding a system into useful electrical energy through the use of a specific materialor transducer. It has the ability to offer the prospect of powering autonomous electronic devices such as wireless sensor nodes without the use of conventional batteries. This thesis focuses on harvesting ambient vibration energy using piezoelectric materials, aims to address the challenge for the high performances of vibration energy harvesting devices (VEHDs) in the case of wideband vibrations. A typical piezoelectric based VEHD mainly comprises a piezoelectric generator (PEG) that transforms mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy and an energy extractioncircuit (EEC) that extracts and stores the generated energy into a storage element. Both of them need to be investigated and specially designed to enhance the power density in wideband vibrations. Consequently, the thesis starts on studying and modeling a classical linear PEG, then an advanced piecewise-linear PEG using two symmetrical mechanical stoppers is proposed and compared with the linear one. Several key parameters of the proposed PEG are discussed under the forward sweeping mechanical excitation. The different performances between the two PEGs are also presented under three kind of excitation signals. Hence, the thesis moves to study and model three EECs, which is also the major work of the thesis. Among them, standard EEC is the classical and simplest extraction circuit, but the energy conversion using this circuit is limited and strongly depends on the load. Synchronous electric charge extraction (SECE) EEC enhances the energy conversion of piezoelectric materials, it is also a load-independent circuit whose characteristic is very suitable for wideband vibrations. However, it introduces a complex switch control strategy that cannot be easily self-powered in stand-alone VEHDs. For this reason, we proposed anovel EEC named optimized synchronous electric charge extraction (OSECE) circuit. Not only the electronic circuitry and the switch control strategy are simplified, but also the energy conversion effectiveness is enhanced. The OSECE EEC is a load-weakly-dependent circuit, which is also a favorable characteristic for wideband vibration energy harvesting. The analytical expressions of the harvested powers using the above three EECs are derived and confirmed by the experimental results. Some additional energy losses in the nonlinear EECs are also listed and analyzed by using a simulation software. Since the OSECE EEC optimizes its switch control strategy, two kinds of self-powered approaches based on the OSECE technique are proposed in chapter 4. One is an electronic approach that uses peak detector (PKD) circuits to drive the switches synchronously; the other is a mechanical approach that integrates mechanical stoppers used as synchronous switches, so the switches are passively driven by the vibration itself. As a result, the second approach introduces an advanced VEHD which consists of the piecewise-linear PEG due to the mechanical stoppers and the nonlinear OSECE EEC. Finally, a power management unit which can directly provide the standard direct current (DC) voltage for the electronic modules is presented. A demonstration platform for the vibration energy harvesting technology are developed and evaluated in the laboratory environment
Constant, Isabelle. "Exploration non invasive du systeme nerveux autonome a destinee cardio-vasculaire chez l'enfant : consequences de la suppression de la variabilite de frequence cardiaque." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077057.
Full textSam, Sethserey. "Vers une adaptation autonome des modèles acoustiques multilingues pour le traitement automatique de la parole." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685204.
Full textFizet, Jonas. "Développement et validation d'un nouveau dispositif expérimental mobile, automatisé et autonome, permettant d'analyser les capacités cognitives de primates non humains vivant en groupes sociaux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ085.
Full textScientific advances are increasingly dependent on the evolution of both technologies and experimental approaches. Following on from Fagot's research, we developed a new experimental device to study cognitive abilities in nonhuman primates living in social groups. This tool is automated, portable, equipped with an autonomous self-learning system, and it allows the subjects to perform several complex cognitive tasks concurrently. This experimental design allowed us, for the first time, to study the co-evolution of different cognitive functions on a small time scale. Our results reveal the subjects learned the tasks rules rapidly and additionally they archieved high and stable performances over time. This developmental work thus opens up new investigation prospects in cognition for studies interested in i) the underlying bases of cerebral complex processes, ii) the links between several cognitive functions, or iii) testing the effects of drugs on one or more cognitive functions concurrently
Jézéquel, Tiphaine. "Formes normales de champs de vecteurs : restes exponentiellement petits dans le cas non autonome périodique et orbites homoclines à plusieurs boucles au voisinage de la résonance 02iw Hamiltonienne." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1301/.
Full textIn this thesis we consider two problems dealing with normal forms of vector fields and exponentially small phenomena. In the first chapter, we prove two results of normalization with exponentially small remainders for analytic vectorfiels in the neighborhood of a fixed point, in a periodic nonautonomous case. The first normalization theorem allows to construct a quasi-invariant manifold with an exponentially small remainder while the second one is a normal form result of the Elphick-Tirapegui-Brachet-Coullet-Iooss type with an exponentially small remainder. In the second chapter, we study the dynamic near the equilibrium point of a family of hamiltonian systems in the neighborhood of a 02iw resonance. We first show the existence of a family of periodic orbits surrounding the equilibrium and then the existence of homoclinic orbits with several loops for every periodic orbit close to the origin, except the origin itself. The proof is based on a hamiltonian normal form theorem proved in this chapter, inspired by the Elphick-Tirapegui-Brachet-Coullet-Iooss normal form and on a local hamiltonian normalization relying on a result of Moser. We obtain the result of existence of homoclinic orbits by geometrical arguments based on the low dimension and with the aid of a KAM theorem which allows to confine the loops. The same problem was studied before for reversible non hamiltonian vectorfields, and the splitting of the homoclinic orbits lead to exponentially small terms which prevent the existence of homoclinic connections to exponentially small periodic orbits. The same phenomenon occurs here but we get round this difficulty thanks to geometric arguments specific to hamiltonian systems
Mokhtari, Yacine. "Stabilisation et contrôle de quelques systèmes hyperboliques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD024.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of two problems related to the theory of control of PDE.In a first time, we study the asymptotic behavior of the solution to the one-dimensional viscoelastic von Kàrmàn system with delay. We prove that the latter system is well-posed in a suitable functional space using the Faedo-Galerkin method. To establish our stability result, we employ the Lyapunov method by using a suitable candidate functional.In a second time, we study the problem of boundary controllability and stabilization for the one-dimensional wave equation in non-cylindrical domains. For the controllability, one uses the characteristics method to build the unique solution. We will then be able to give the explicit expression of the controls for which the system reaches the equilibrium point after a certain time. Moreover, we show that this time is optimal.For the stabilization, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees the energy decay at any desired rate. In addition, the influences of the domain geometry and time-dependent feedback are clarified. In a third time, we study the boundary controllability of two coupled one-dimensional wave equations with first-order coupling terms with coefficients depending on space and time. We give a necessary and sufficient conditions for both exact controllability in high frequency in the general case and for the unique continuation in the cascade case
Jézéquel, Tiphaine. "Formes normales de champs de vecteurs : restes exponentiellement petits dans le cas non autonome périodique et orbites homoclines à plusieurs boucles au voisinage de la résonance 0²iw hamiltonienne." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649382.
Full textToutain, Anne-Gaëlle. "Effet de l'ablation de D1R sur la migration des interneurones corticaux au cours du développement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS485.pdf.
Full textDopamine is synthesised early in the developing brain, and its receptors are also expressed from the earliest embryonic stages, in the two territories where the two types of neurons, excitatory and inhibitory, which together organise the cortical circuits, are generated. While the excitatory and glutamatergic principal neurons are generated locally and migrate radially to form the six cortical layers, the inhibitory GABAergic cortical interneurons (cINs) are born in different subpallial structures, mainly the median (MGE) and caudal ganglionic eminences and the preoptic area, and migrate tangentially to reach the cortical plate before colonising it by radial migration. This early expression suggests a developmental role for dopamine. It has been shown that stimulation of organotypic slices with a dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) agonist had a promigratory effect on cINs from the MGE, with the opposite effect obtained with a dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist. The aim of my thesis work was to characterise the role of D1R in the migration and cortical distribution of cINs. Indeed, D1R is expressed earlier and more strongly than D2R during development. To this end, I studied the effects of D1R ablation on cIN migration by analysing a D1R knockout line (D1R-KO). I first analyse another strain, expressing GFP under the control of the promoter of the Drd1 gene encoding D1R, which showed a high cortical expression of D1R, compared with a much lower expression in the MGE, as well as a remarkable distribution of this cortical expression along the superficial pathways of cIN migration. Because of this high cortical expression, I not only studied the effect on cIN migration of D1R ablation in the cINs themselves, by culturing wild-type or D1R-KO MGE explants on a permissive synthetic migration substrate (laminin + N-cadherin) or on a substrate of wild-type dissociated cortical cells, but also the effect on this migration of ablation of D1R in cortical cells, by culturing wild-type MGE explants on a wild-type or D1R-KO cortical substrate. I was thus able to demonstrate not only an anti-migratory cell-autonomous effect of this ablation, but also a promigratory non-cell-autonomous effect. At E16.5, alterations in the distribution of cINs in D1R-KO animals are subtle, but in vivo analyses in adults support the long-term effects of disruption of cIN migration by D1R ablation, as well as the importance of the non-cell-autonomous component of this effect. Indeed, at P30 and P60, animals in the D1R-KO line showed a general increase in cIN density, a phenotype which contrasts strongly with that of D1R knock-out animals in the principal cortical neurons alone, where at P30 we observed an increasing lateromedian gradient in cIN density, coupled with an increase in density in CA1. These results confirm the involvement of D1R in the regulation of cIN migration, and reveal a dual component of the latter, cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous, which invites further analysis of the developmental interactions between interneurons and excitatory cells in the cortex
Dimitriadou, Violetta. "Donnees anatomophysiologiques en faveur d'un role non vasomoteur de l'innervation autonome des vaisseaux cerebraux : role trophique au cours du developpement et de l'age adulte, possibilite d'une intervention indirecte parl'intermediaire de cellules." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066200.
Full textSolaque, Guzman Leonardo Enrique. "Modelado, control y navegacion para el vuelo autonomo de dirigibles." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136325.
Full textPlaczek, Antoine. "Construction de modèles d'ordre réduit non-linéaires basés sur la décomposition orthogonale propre pour l'aéroélasticité." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461691.
Full textMorineau, Céline. "Caractérisation d'un nouveau membre du complexe d'élongation des acides gras chez Arabidopsis thaliana : intéractions métaboliques et régulation développementale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112420.
Full textVery long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) are involved in plant development and particularly in several cellular processes such as membrane trafficking, cell division and cell differentiation. However, the precise role of VLCFA in these different cellular processes is still poorly understood in plants. In order to identify new factors associated with the biosynthesis or function of VLCFA, a yeast multicopy suppressor screen was carried out in a yeast mutant strain defective for fatty acid elongation. Loss of function of the elongase dehydratase PHS1 in yeast and PASTICCINO2 in plants prevents growth and induces cytokinesis defects. PROTEIN TYROSIN PHOSPHATASE-LIKE (PTPLA) previously characterized as an inactive dehydratase was able to restore yeast phs1 growth and VLCFA elongation but not the plant pas2 defects. PTPLA interacted with elongase members in the ER and its absence induced the accumulation of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA as expected from a dehydratase involved in fatty acid (FA) elongation. However, loss of PTPLA function led to increased VLCFA levels, effect that was dependent of the presence of PAS2 indicating that PTPLA activity repressed FA elongation. The two dehydratases have specific expression profiles in the root with PAS2, mostly restricted in the endodermis, while PTPLA was confined in the vascular tissue and pericycle cells. Comparative ectopic expression of PTPLA and PAS2 in their respective domains confirmed the existence of two independent elongase complexes comprising PAS2 or PTPLA that were functionally interacting in a non-cell autonomous manner. A putative regulating signal could involve cytokinins that were described to be regulated by VLCFA. VLCFA were indeed found to repress IPT3 expression in roots like in leaves. Cytokinins were also found to regulate VLCFA levels suggesting the existence of regulatory feedback loops between cytokinins and VLCFA
Testa, Damien. "Contrôler la plasticité du cortex cérébral adulte à travers l'action non-autonome de l'homéoprotéine Otx2 A Mouse Model for Conditional Secretion of Specific Single-Chain Antibodies Provides Genetic Evidence for Regulation of Cortical Plasticity by a Non-cell Autonomous Homeoprotein Transcription Factor Non-cell Autonomous OTX2 Homeoprotein Regulates Visual Cortex Plasticity Through Gadd45b/g." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS234.
Full textDuring postnatal development, extracellular Otx2 homeoprotein is preferentially internalized by parvalbumin (PV) interneurons of the visual cortex and regulates the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity. The specificity of Otx2 internalization is mediated by chondroitin sulfate type E (CS-E) which is a component of the extracellular matrix enriched in glycosaminoglycans that condenses around PV cells during the critical period. The continuous supply of Otx2 in adults is necessary to maintain a non-plastic state of the cerebral cortex. Thus, a reopening of plasticity is possible by disrupting Otx2 transfer. We developed a transgenic mouse line with inducible secretion of single chain antibodies directed against Otx2 to separate the autonomous and non-autonomous activity in order to study its role in the maturation of cortical PV cells. We found that this maturation involves direct regulation of Gadd45b/g genes by Otx2 and that Gadd45b may control plasticity by influencing the methylation state of DNA and thus the epigenetic status of PV cells. We have also developed easily synthesizable peptides that mimic CS-E and are able to interact in vivo with Otx2 to block its transfer. Tools for neutralizing extracellular Otx2 have significant therapeutic potential for critical period pathologies
Dib, Alaa. "Commande non linéaire et asservissement visuel de robots autonomes." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795247.
Full textTa, Duc Anh. "Avion convertible à décollage et atterrissage vertical." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1990.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to develop, model and control a UAV combining the maneuverability of a rotary wing vehicle (helicopter) such as slow advance, takeoff and vertical landing, and the performance of a fixed wing vehicle (airplane) such as fast forward, long range and greater endurance. The objective of the subject is indeed to design and to build prototypes that can perform the autonomous vertical takeoff/landing and realize an autonomous transition to the fast forward flight. Two experimental prototypes were developed in the laboratory : the convertible airplane and the tilting tri-rotors airplane. Dynamic models of each vehicle were obtained by using the Newton-Euler method taking into account the aerodynamic forces and torques. A nonlinear control law for the stabilization in attitude and position of a rigid body has been proposed. Its performance is also enhanced by the algorithm of the trajectory generation and the neural network. The control law is then applied to control a quadrotor, the convertible airplane and the tilting tri-rotors airplane. For the convertible airplane, the attitude control was adjusted by the formalism of quaternions. On the experimental side, the embedded electronics has been designed in order to have an embedded system control more powerful and adaptable. The validation of the proposed control laws was performed on the experimental platform of the convertible aircraft running algorithms in real time with a good performance
Bonhomme, Emilien. "Identification des marqueurs comportementaux et physiologiques capables de prédire la qualité de la reprise en main du véhicule d'une conduite autonome de niveau 3." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0065.
Full textThe development of conditionally automated driving systems is expanding quickly. The partial delegation of the driving activity in an autonomous vehicle questions the driver's ability to takeover the vehicle in a risky situation.The objective of our work is to identify physiological and behavioral markers capable to predict response time (TOT) and the takeover quality. 32 volunteers (43 ± 16 years 16 men) carried out simulated driving where events (object on the road, bad weather, absence of road markings) required a takeover. Before each takeover request (TOR), drivers performed various non-driving tasks (NDRT) such as listening to the radio, reading a book, watching a video...Electrocardiographic (ECG), electroencephalographic (EEG) and oculomotor (OM) markers were recorded 2 minutes before the takeover and analyzed. These markers, age, gender and nature, duration, solicitation of the hands and gaze of NDRTs were included in our statistical models (binary logistic regressions, automatic linear models, Youden index, ROC curves).Takeovers are qualified in 4 ways. Qualification 1 (Q1) is based on the time to collision (TTC, time separating the vehicle from the obstacle when the lane change is engaged) and the presence or absence of a collision. Qualification 2 (Q2) uses the previous 2 criteria and the velocity of the steering wheel rotation. Qualification 3 (Q3) includes the first 2 criteria and the verification of the mirrors. And qualification 4 (Q4) by the presence or not of a collision, and the inappropriate line crossing (ILC).Our results show that TOT depends neither on age nor gender of the drivers. The longest TOTs are observed when the NDRT has a strong manual component or requires a strong solicitation of the head position during the takeover. In the case of a takeover with a lane change, the TOT is the main factor influencing the takeover quality: the longer the TOT, the poorer the quality of the takeover. The nature and duration of the NDRT do not change the takeover quality. Age has an impact on the takeover quality in Q2 and Q3: older drivers are less successful at takeover than younger ones because they have more unstable lateral control of the vehicule (higher standard deviation of the velocity of steering wheel rotation) and poorer analysis of the scene (lack of mirrors verification). On the other hand, age does not influence either longitudinal control (TTC) or the presence of collisions. In the case of a takeover without lane change, the takeover quality (Q4) is mainly determined by age: older subjects perform less well than younger subjects due to poor lateral control. It is above all age that determines the quality of recovery (Q4): elderly subjects (61-75) are less successful than younger subjects because of a worse lateral control.None of our models can predict TOT or Q1 takeover quality. The combination of OM parameters (duration of fixations, and pupil diameter) and EEG (Frontal Theta) are the markers that allow better predicting of take over quality in Q2. The OM parameters (frequency and duration of fixations, and distance of saccades) allow the prediction of the quality of recovery in Q3. Associated EEG markers (LFHF ratio, High Beta band in Cz, Theta / Beta ratio in frontal) and OM (mean pupil diameter), can predict the quality of recovery in Q4.Our results will make it possible in the future to improve new models (braking, steering or steering / braking model) capable of better explaining and / or predicting the behavior of the driver during takeover in level 3 autonomous driving
Sun, Jun. "Study of neuronal networks and mechanisms implicated in locomotor reactivity and Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in the Drosophila model." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS434.
Full textParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative motor disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra and the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions composed mainly of α-synuclein (α-syn), called Lewy bodies. The objectives of my thesis work were to characterize a PD model developed in Drosophila in order to understand how the accumulation of α-syn in DA neurons can progressively disturb locomotion and to search for new neuroprotective proteins. We first identified brain networks involved in modulating locomotor reactivity in Drosophila, which include subsets of DA neurons associated with the mushroom bodies. We then obtained evidence that the expression of α-syn in DA neurons disrupts mitochondrial dynamics both in these neurons themselves and, through a non-cell-autonomous process, in their cholinergic target neurons of the mushroom bodies. Finally, we show that the Argonaute Piwi protein is induced by oxidative stress and has a neuroprotective effect in a sporadic PD model in Drosophila. Our evidence suggests that Piwi could delay neuronal aging and PD progression by reducing deleterious transcription of transposable elements. Overall, these studies highlight pathological and neuroprotective mechanisms that may constitute novel targets for the therapeutic treatment of PD
Chekili, Riadh. "Commande numérique de convertisseurs à commutation par le réseau : étude d'un déclencheur immunisé aux creux de tension." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112228.
Full textPrieur, Delphine. "Nouveau rôle de la Sémaphorine 6D et de son récepteur Plexine-A1 dans le ciblage des axones rétiniens." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS285/document.
Full textDuring development, axons branch at precise points to innervate a specific brain target, yet the mechanisms at hand are still unclear. To address this question, I used retinal axons forming the optic tract that innervate two principal targets of the visual system: the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and the superior colliculus. I investigated the role of the guidance receptor Plexin-A1and its ligand Semaphorin-6D (Sema6D) in this targeting process. Here I highlight a new type of phenotype in Plexin-A1-/- or Sema6D-/- mice. In these mice, the optic tract enters in the dLGN instead of circumscribing it and some retinal axons innervate ectopic regions at the other side of the optic tract. Furthermore, the analysis of simple or double heterozygotes mice reveals that Plexin-A1 and Sema6D interact together with a dose-dependent effect. Using loss and gain of function experiments (via retinal in utero electroporation), I showed that both are necessary in the retina for proper retinal innervation through non-cell autonomous effects. All these results reveal for the first time a dose-dependent mechanism, in which Sema6D and Plexin-A1 interact together. They monitor axon-axon communication to allow the correct innervation of the dLGN by a subpopulation of retinal axons
Belhaq, Mohamed. "Approches asymptotique et numerique pour des bifurcations de poincare et des bifurcations homocliniques." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30071.
Full textBonnamour, Blandine. "Le dommage en droit international privé européen. Réflexions à partir du règlement Rome II sur la loi applicable aux obligations non-contractuelles." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30033.
Full textThe Rome II regulation on the law applicable to non-Contractual obligations states a common rule of conflict into the European Union. Legal security is one of its main purposes and justifies more specifically the choice of an unprecedented connecting factor in comparative international private law: the damage. Nevertheless, the notion of damage covers many different meanings in the different countries of European Union. This plurality may compromise the satisfaction of legal security and, by failing to address this specific issue, the European regulation Rome II turns out to be unfinished.This study intends to suggest solutions to effectively complement and harmonize the notion of damage as a connecting factor in European international private law.Some theoretical and practical reflections lead us to consider two types of answer. The first one is aimed at practitioners. It consists in drawing up an autonomous notion of damage distinct from the material notion of prejudice. A second solution is aimed at the European legislator. It consists in a new methodology based on the adoption of a European international private law of the damage. This means drawing up new conflict categories, exclusively organized around the notion of damage
Naoumenko, Paul. "Designing non-functional aspects with components." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4073.
Full textDans cette thèse nous considérons des modèles de programmation pour des applications à grande échelle, distribuées et déployées dans des contextes en constant changement, comme la grille de calcul. Pour maintenir leur fonctionnalité tout en minimisant les interventions humaines, ces applications doivent être équipées de capacités auto-adaptatives. Notre recherche a pour base le paradigme de l'"Autonomic Computing", qui conçoit les applications auto-adaptables comme des compositions d'éléments autonomes. Ce sont des entités logicielles qui sont constituées de deux parties: une partie métier (ou fonctionnelle), et une partie contrôle, composée d'entités de contrôle (ou "managers") qui supervisent la partie métier et maintiennent sa fonctionnalité en réagissant aux changements de l'environnement. Les managers peuvent implémenter des stratégies de contrôle complexes: en plus de contrôler la partie métier, ils peuvent communiquer avec des managers d'autres éléments autonomes de l'application et collaborer afin d'élaborer les stratégies adéquates. Les stratégies des managers peuvent être mises à jour dynamiquement. Nous proposons de concevoir des applications autonomes distribuées en utilisant un modèle à composants: GCM (pour Grid Component Model). Les composants GCM sont distribués par nature et le modèle inclut dans sa spécification la séparation des aspects (les composants GCM ont une partie métier et une partie de contrôle), une structure hiérarchique et la reconfiguration dynamique. Notre contribution peut être résumée en deux points. Premièrement, nous étendons la partie de contrôle (également appelée la membrane) des composants GCM, en donnant la possibilité d'y inclure des managers qui correspondent à la vision de l'Autonomic Computing. Grâce à l'introduction de nouveaux éléments architecturaux, les managers ont la capacité de superviser la partie métier des composants GCM. Ils peuvent également entrer en contact avec des managers d'autres composants faisant partie de la même application. Un composant GCM devrait être facile à produire: nous proposons un processus de développement qui permet de concevoir et développer la partie non-fonctionnelle séparément de la partie métier, puis d'intégrer ces deux parties dans une entité logicielle unifiée. On apporte des modifications au langage de description architectural (ADL), utilisé pour décrire un assemblage GCM statique. Deuxièmement, nous avons inclus les extensions introduites précédemment dans l'implémentation de référence du GCM
Dabudyk, Thibaud Marchal François. "Implication du système non adrénergique non cholinergique inhibiteur dans le contrôle du tonus bronchomoteur Bases physiologiques et expérimentation chez le lapin /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2009_DABUDYK_THIBAUD.pdf.
Full textKachenoura, Amar. "Traitement Aveugle de Signaux Biomédicaux." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359155.
Full textTagne, Fokam Gilles. "Commande et planification de trajectoires pour la navigation de véhicules autonomes." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2004/document.
Full textMy research focuses on trajectory planning and control of autonomous vehicles. This work is a part of an extremely ambitious project launched by the Heudiasyc laboratory about autonomous driving at high speed (longitudinal speed greater to 5m/s ~= 18 km/h). With regard to the control of autonomous vehicles at high speed, a lateral controler using higher-order sliding mode control is proposed. Given the implicit similarity between the sliding mode and the principle of immersion and invariance, two controllers using the principle of immersion and invariance have been subsequently proposed in order to improve the performance with respect to the sliding mode. The development of these new controllers shows very strong robust stability which leads us to study the intrinsic properties of the system. A study of the passivity properties of the system is also crried out, showing some interesting characteristics of the system. Hence, a robust passivity-based controller has been developed. Regarding the navigation, we have developed two navigation algorithms based on the tentacles method. Subsequently, a feasibility study of trajectory generation strategies for high speed driving is conducted. The outcome of the simulation proved that the algorithms gave out good results with respect to the expected ogjectives of obstacle avoidance and global reference path following. Control and motion planning algorithms developed were validated offline by simulation with real data. They have been also tested on a realistic simulator
Sabiron, Guillaume. "Synthèse d’une solution GNC basée sur des capteurs de flux optique bio-inspirés adaptés à la mesure des basses vitesses pour un atterrissage lunaire autonome en douceur." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0038/document.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, the challenge of autonomous lunar landing was addressed and an innovative method was developed, which provides an alternative to the classical sensor suites based on RADAR, LIDAR and cameras, which tend to be bulky, energy consuming and expensive. The first part is devoted to the development of a sensor inspired by the fly’s visual sensitivity to optic flow (OF). The OF is an index giving the relative angular velocity of the environment sensed by the retina of a moving insect or robot. In a fixed environment (where there is no external motion), the self-motion of an airborne vehicle generates an OF containing information about its own velocity and attitude and the distance to obstacles. Based on the “Time of Travel” principle we present the results obtained for two versions of 5 LMSs based optic flow sensors. The first one is able to measure accurately the OF in two opposite directions. It was tested in the laboratory and gave satisfying results. The second optic flow sensor operates at low velocities such as those liable to occur during lunar landing was developed. After developing these sensors, their performances were characterized both indoors and outdoors, and lastly, they were tested onboard an 80-kg helicopter flying in an outdoor environment. The Guidance Navigation and Control (GNC) system was designed in the second part on the basis of several algorithms, using various tools such as optimal control, nonlinear control design and observation theory. This is a particularly innovative approach, since it makes it possible to perform soft landing on the basis of OF measurements and as less as possible on inertial sensors. The final constraints imposed by our industrial partners were met by mounting several non-gimbaled sensors oriented in different gaze directions on the lander’s structure. Information about the lander’s self-motion present in the OF measurements is extracted by navigation algorithms, which yield estimates of the ventral OF, expansion OF and pitch angle. It was also established that it is possible to bring the planetary lander gently to the ground by tracking a pre-computed optimal reference trajectory in terms of the lowest possible fuel consumption. Software-in-the-loop simulations were carried out in order to assess the potential of the proposed GNC approach by testing its performances. In these simulations, the sensor firmware was taken into account and virtual images of the lunar surface were used in order to improve the realism of the simulated landings
Dupeyroux, Julien. "Navigation autonome bio-inspirée appliquée à un robot hexapode." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0244.
Full textAutonomous navigation is one of the leading technological challenges of the 21st century and is currently solved using GPS and camera-based strategies. This PhD thesis aims at setting up new navigation strategies inspired by desert ants Cataglyphis, requiring few resources and tested on board a hexapod walking robot. Taking inspiration from the ants' compound eye, a novel celestial compass - composed of just two ultraviolet-sensitive photodiodes topped with rotating linear polarizers - provides measurements of the angle of polarization of the skylight with high angular precision. This angle is used as the vehicle's heading while navigating. This compass provided excellent performances regardless of the meteorological condition. Navigation tasks were performed with our hexapod robot AntBot equipped with both the celestial compass and an optic flow sensor, which includes 12 auto-adaptive pixels mimicking photoreceptors in turtles. AntBot has a path integrator navigation system inspired by behavioral studies in desert ants Cataglyphis. This strategy uses the heading given by the celestial compass, the distance measured with the optic flow sensor, and the stride integrator to determine the vehicle's position with respect to its departure location. Experiments resulted in a navigation error of approximately 6cm regardless of the shape and the length of the trajectory (varying from 5m to 15m). These results show that such navigation system can be used to complement classical techniques like GPS and vision-based ones, with a high level of robustness and efficiency, and with few computational resources needed
Fournié, Claire. "Activité physique adaptée et cohérence cardiaque en soins de support : leurs effets sur la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque et la qualité de vie en post-traitement d’une hémopathie maligne." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0009.
Full textIntroduction: Hematologic malignancies require aggressive treatment, including intensivechemotherapy and sometimes hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The repercussions of cancer and its treatment is recognized for their significant long-term adverse effects on health-related quality of life. As a part of cancer treatment, physical exercise is known to improve mainly physical functioning and fatigue, but there are still questions regarding its impact on psychological and emotional functioning. Nonetheless, heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) is recognized for its positive effects on autonomic nervous system balance and emotional self-regulation. Recent research in neurocardiology has shown the benefits of Cardiac Coherence (CC) training on the autonomic balance and the psycho-emotional state. Method: The objectives of the research undertaken in this thesis are to evaluate the effects of a nonpharmacological intervention on quality of life in adult hematologic patients in post-treatment time. The recovery of physiological balance is indexed by the Heart Rate Variability (HRV), which is recognized as a window of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). We present four studies: an experimental study in healthy subjects to better understand the mechanisms of HRV during slow and deep breathing; a feasibility study on the implementation of an APA program in hematology; preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of a program associating APA and CC on HRV, quality of life, fatigue and anxiety-depression; and a qualitative study evaluating the program’s implementation and the effects of the both interventions. Results: Our results first show the feasibility of APA and CC in these patients. Although the results of the HRV analysis are inconclusive, they tend to confirm that CC intervention results in stimulation of vagal tone. Qualitative evaluation provides us with many important insights into the appropriateness of the interventions to the specific needs of the patients and their effectiveness in optimizing a return to the active daily life. Discussion: This research provides new experimental evidence in understanding the mechanisms of cardiac coherence and its applications in the clinical setting. Further experimentation is still needed to deepen our knowledge in the context of a psychophysiological approach in APA on cancer
Schmitt, Pierre-Michael. "Capteurs cutanés non invasifs et monitoring continu pour l'objectivation du confort d'assise et la prévention de l'escarre." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAL0014.
Full textSitting comfort objectivation requires lot of complementary devices and concepts from physical measurements to central and peripheral nervous systems conscious and unconscious reactions. Sitting comfort investigation and pressure ulcer prevention societal impact extends on an increasingly broad field: handicapped (pathological or accidental), exponential growth in the old dependent people number, car seats, long ways of planes, machines of building seats, or office armchairs. . . The sitting comfort objectivation and comfort in general is complex and multidisciplinary articulating itself around three components: the interface pressure measurement on the soft, principal matter constituting human body, using flexible active matrix sensors, the measurement and the skin blood flow measurement using non invasive sensor, Hematron, and finally stress felt by the patient evaluation using ANS (Autonomous Nervous system) non conscious reactions evaluation using a non invasive measurements methodology. Our proposal aims to provide an original method to objectify the sitting comfort. It is made up of two symbiosis different parts: in one hand the intrinsic component concerning the evaluation and the measurement of the sympathetic autonomous nervous system activation associated the subject stress felt, in the other hand the extrinsic component relates to the sitting actimetry evaluation and measurement using original numerical electropneumatic sensor specific to the human behavioural sitting stress response study. These research tasks succeed to the design and the realization of a specific operational devices and analysis methodology and providing information for: early diagnosis, preventive treatment and decisional purposes