Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Non-audit fees'
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Alexeyeva, Irina. "Essays on Audit Fees and the Joint Provision of Audit and Non-Audit Services." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-141463.
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This thesis examines the factors affecting audit and non-audit fees and the effects of the joint provision of audit and non-audit services on auditing. The first essay focuses on environmental factors. Using data for Swedish listed companies over a six year span, including pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis periods, the essay investigates whether changing economic conditions affect the level of fees paid for audit and non-audit services. The finding suggests that auditors increase their risk premium for auditing during a financial crisis andtend to charge higher audit fees as a response to lower risk levels in the post-crisis period. On the other hand, a significant reduction in non-audit fees suggests that companies are less willing to invest in consulting services during thecrisis and post-crisis periods. The second essay also studies the effects of environmental factors on audit pricing. Using data for financial institutions in 24 European countries, the study examines whether the level of effort spent on the evaluation of fair values is higher for more uncertain fair values.The result suggests that an increasing level of complexity and risk requires greater audit effort. Furthermore, the results showthat the strength of a country’s institutional setting is positively associated with the effort spent on the evaluation of high uncertainty fair value estimates. The finding implies that auditors spend more effort in stronger regulated countries, possibly due to higher potential litigation costs. The third essay focuses on the factors related to an individual audit partner. Based on the data of publicly listed Swedish companies, it investigates whether partner special competencies are reflected in the prices charged for auditing. The findings show that partner industry expertise and client-specific expertise are associated with higher audit fees. A further finding isthat female partners are considerably under-represented among specialists. However,the under-representation of females among higher qualified partners does not seem to negatively affect their possibilities to earn higher fees. The fourth essay investigates how the joint provision of audit and non-audit services affects perceived knowledge spillover and audit efficiency. The essay makesuse of survey data from a large sample of Swedish auditors and finds that the levels of communication and trust are positively associated with knowledge spillover. The result further suggests that the information gained from the provision of non-audit services can reduce auditors’ effort (time) spent on different audit procedures, thereby increasing audit efficiency.
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Alexeyeva, Irina. "Effect of different economic conditions on audit and non-audit fees: Evidence from Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-56521.
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Extraordinary high fees received by the auditors from their clients during the recent financial crisis have attracted public attention. However, reasons for high fees for audit service are obscure. Many studies have proved the importance of the client size, complexity, risks and the auditor status in determination of audit fees. Another determinant, the non-audit fee, has been intensively debated in the literature. The reason for this is that the audit and non-audit fees are not correlated in the way many researchers have expected. Namely, the vast majority of research has reported a positive association between two services. Many explanations for the phenomenon have been set forward. However, real reasons for such association remain unclear and the consensus between researchers is lacking. The study of the correlation between the two types of expenditures in the Swedish audit environment during a long time period may shed some light on this complex phenomenon. Some evidence suggest that an economic downturn can affect the relationship between audit and non-audit fees and their ratios. Therefore, the recent financial crisis provides an excellent opportunity to examine a possible relationship. Using the data from Middle Cap and Small Cap Swedish companies, this study investigates the relationship between audit and non-audit fees and their ratios during three periods of different economic conditions: favorable 2006 -2007, economic downturn 2008-2009 and post crisis period 2010-2011. In this study I tested a number of hypotheses. Firstly, I investigated the suggestion that the relationship between audit and non-audit fees in Sweden, like in many other countries, is positive. Secondly, I tested the hypothesis that economic fluctuations affect this relationship. Thirdly, I explored my prediction that the economic downturn influences the ratios of audit and non-audit fees. I have shown that the relationship between audit and non-audit services is positive during the whole investigated period. According to these results, the relationship is not affected by different economic conditions. Furthermore, I have found out that the financial crisis affected the audit and non-audit fee ratios. The ratio of the audit fee increased during the crisis and continued to increase during the post-crisis period. The ratio of non-audit fee decreased in the same proportion.
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HALLAK, RODRIGO TELLES PIRES. "ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AS DETERMINANT OF AUDIT AND NON- AUDIT FEES IN BRAZIL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18899@1.
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O objetivo dessa pesquisa é identificar fatores que influenciem na
determinação de gastos com auditoria e consultoria por parte das empresas abertas
no mercado brasileiro. A principal motivação do presente estudo foi a falta de
pesquisas sobre gastos com auditoria e consultoria no Brasil, enquanto que esse
assunto já vem sendo explorado há anos em outros países. Cabe ressaltar que essa
escassez de dados no Brasil é devido ao fato de que, só a partir de 2009, tornou-se
obrigatória a divulgação das quantias despendidas com serviços de auditoria e
consultoria de forma separada. A divulgação desses dados possibilita a análise dos
determinantes dos valores pagos pelas empresas por tais serviços. Os resultados
indicam que as despesas de auditoria estão positivamente relacionadas com o
tamanho da companhia, price-to-book, qualidade da governança corporativa e
com o fato de a empresa de auditoria ser uma Big Four e negativamente
relacionadas com a alavancagem da firma. Já quanto aos gastos de consultoria,
existe uma relação positiva com o tamanho da empresa e negativa com a presença
estatal no controle da companhia contratante dos serviços.The objective of the present study is to identify factors that have an impact on the determination of audit and non-audit fees paid by Brazilian publicly traded companies. The main motivation of the present study was the lack of research in Brazil about audit fees and non-audit fees, while the subject has been discussed for many years in other countries. It is important to highlight that this shortage of research is due to the fact that, only in 2009, it become mandatory the disclosure of money spent in each type of service. Such transparency allows the analysis of the determinants of the values paid by enterprises for these services. The results indicate that the audit fees are positively related to firm size, price-to-book, corporate governance quality and the fact that the auditor is a Big Four, and negatively related to leverage. In terms of non-audit fees, there is a positive relation with firm size and they are lower in State-owned firms.
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McMeeking, Kevin Paul. "An empirical analysis of the level and changes of UK audit and non audit service fees." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369492.
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Ali, Roziani. "The impact of governance characteristics and non-audit fees on audit pricing : evidence from UK listed companies." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6663/.
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Ananthanarayanan, Umapathy. "The association between auditors' fees and earnings management in New Zealand." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/460.
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This study provides evidence between auditors' fees and earnings management in New Zealand. The fee measures used in this study are audit fees, non-audit fees and total fees paid by a client to the audit firm. For each of the three fee measures, I derive client importance fee measures that reflect a client’s economic importance to the auditor relative to other clients of the auditor at the city office and national levels. This study employs both performance adjusted discretionary accruals and current accruals as proxies for earnings management. Using a sample of 224 firm-years comprising firms listed on the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) in fiscal years 2004 and 2005, the results of multivariate tests indicate an adverse association between non-audit fees and earnings management. In other words, non-audit fees paid by a client relative to fees paid by other clients, at the office and national levels, appear to impair the auditor’s independence because clients generating relatively more non-audit fees report greater discretionary and current accruals. Such evidence is more pronounced for income increasing accrual proxies for earnings management. The results also show that audit fee is not related to earnings management. As the results in this study are consistent across both discretionary and current accruals, the validity of the results is strengthened. This study contributes to the literature by providing insight into how auditors’ fee metrics indicating client importance affect earnings management in a legal and institutional environment of a small economy, and where the audit market is largely saturated with little room for growth. This study raises implications for relevant regulatory bodies in New Zealand pertaining to future developments of auditor independence and financial reporting regulations.
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Zimmerman, Aleksandra B. "Does the Audit Market Price Partner Big 4 Experience in Non-Big 4 Firms?" Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459427972.
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Marques, Alexandre Pinto. "Efeito da proibição conjunta dos serviços de auditoria e não auditoria nos honorários de auditoria." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/23508.
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Mestrado Bolonha em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisOver the years, audit firms have attracted attention for being associated with poor financial reporting due to the poor quality of the audits performed. In order to enhance trust in auditors, Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 16 established a prohibition on the joint provision of audit services (AS) and non-audit services (NAS) by the same audit firm in public interest entities. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the Regulation on audit fees. For this purpose, we used an unbalanced panel sample composed of companies listed on Euronext Lisbon in the period from 2012 to 2020. The results show that both in the overall analysis and in the particular analysis of the Big 4, with the prohibition of joint AS and NAS, audit fees have decreased. Nevertheless, we confirmed the premise that entities audited by Big 4 tend to incur higher SA fees.
Ao longo dos anos, as firmas de auditoria saltaram para a ribalta por estarem associadas a relato financeiro deficitário devido à má qualidade das auditorias realizadas. Com o intuito de reforçar a confianças nos auditores, o o Regulamento (UE) nº 537/2014 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 16 de abril, estabeleceu a proibição de prestação conjunta de serviços de auditoria (SA) e de serviços distintos de auditoria (SDA) pela mesma firma de auditoria nas entidades de interesse público. O presente estudo visou analisar o efeito do Regulamento nos honorários de auditoria. Para esse efeito, utilizámos uma amostra em painel não balanceada composta pelas empresas cotadas na Euronext de Lisboa no período de 2012 a 2020. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que tanto na análise global como na análise particular ao caso das Big 4, com a proibição da prestação conjunta de SA e de SDA, os honorários de auditoria reduziram. Não obstante, confirmámos a premissa de que as entidades auditadas por Big 4 têm uma tendência de suportar honorários de SA mais elevados.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Munsif, Vishal. "Internal Control Reporting by Non-Accelerated Filers." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/431.
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I examine three issues related to internal control reporting by non-accelerated filers. Motivation for the three studies comes from the fact that Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) continues to be controversial, as evidenced by the permanent exemption from Section 404(b) of SOX granted to non-accelerated filers by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. The Dodd-Frank Act also requires the SEC to study compliance costs associated with smaller accelerated filers.
In the first part of my dissertation, I document that the audit fee premium for non-accelerated filers disclosing a material weakness in internal controls (a) is significantly lower than the corresponding premium for accelerated filers, and (b) declines significantly over time. I also find that in the case of accelerated filers remediating clients pay lower fees compared to clients continuing to report internal control problems; however, such differences are not observed in the case of non-accelerated filers.
The second essay focuses on audit report lag. The results indicate that presence of material weaknesses are associated with increased audit report lags, for both accelerated and non-accelerated filers. The results also indicate that the decline in report lag following remediation of problems is greater for accelerated filers than for non-accelerated filers.
The third essay examines early warnings (pursuant to Section 302 disclosures) for firms that subsequently disclosed internal control problems in their 404 reports. The analyses indicate that non-accelerated firms with shorter CFO tenure, presence of accounting experts on the audit committee, and more frequent audit committee meetings are more likely to provide prior Section 302 warnings.
Overall the results suggest that there are differences in internal control reporting between the accelerated and non-accelerated filers. The results provide empirical grounding for the ongoing debate about internal control reporting by non-accelerated filers.
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Abdel, Nour Joseph. "The effect of employee ownership on audit fees, auditor independence and earnings management : evidence from France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/200407_ABDELNOUR_601e813hbqqyh297jdc660bt_TH.pdf.
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L’Actionnariat Salarié (AS) est une composante de rémunération qui permet de relier le patrimoine personnel du salarié à celui de l’entreprise. Il assure leur représentation dans le conseil d’administration, ce qui génère des effets sur plusieurs niveaux : individuel, organisationnel et macroéconomique. Ce travail doctoral examine les effets de l’AS sur les pratiques de comptabilité et audit en France, pays où l’AS est le plus développé en Europe. Le premier chapitre introduit les plans d’AS et les autres plans de participation des salariés en France et dans le monde. Le second chapitre étudie les coûts d’agence et les honoraires d’audit. Il montre une relation en U inversé entre l’AS et ces deux variables, indiquant que l’AS a un double effet : l’alignement des intérêts et l’enracinement des dirigeants. Le troisième chapitre montre que l’AS rassure les parties prenantes sur l’indépendance de l’auditeur. Il permet notamment aux dirigeants de profiter des bénéfices liés à un double engagement (audit et non-audit) et d’acquérir plus de services non-audits. Le quatrième chapitre révèle que la gestion des résultats par les managers en France, à travers les accruals discrétionnaires, est plutôt utilisée de manière opportuniste. L’étude démontre aussi que l’AS réduit la manipulation opportuniste des résultats et le taux d’opportunisme des accruals. Le dernier chapitre présente une conclusion de la thèse et synthétise les résultats, les contributions et les limites de la recherche. Cette thèse de doctorat contribue à la littérature sur la gouvernance d’entreprise, en examinant l’effet de l’AS sur les coûts d’agence à travers divers prismesEmployee Share Ownership (ESO) refers to a compensation practice through which an employee’s wealth is directly tied to their companies’. It provides their representation in the board of directors and has several effects on the individual, corporate and macroeconomic levels. This doctoral thesis discusses the effects of employee ownership on accounting and audit practices in France, the country that has the most developed ESO in Europe. The first chapter provides a general introduction to ESO schemes and other shared capitalism arrangements in France and in the world. The second chapter focuses on agency costs and audit fees, and finds a negative U-shaped relationship between ESO and both variables. It indicates that ESO aligns the interests of employees with those of shareholders, but also acts as a managerial entrenchment mechanism. The third chapter finds that ESO reassures the company’s stakeholders about the auditor’s independence and allows managers to benefit from their auditor’s joint-engagement benefits by purchasing more non-audit services. The fourth chapter studies earnings management through discretionary accruals and reveals that earnings management in France is rather used opportunistically by managers. It also finds that ESO helps decreasing the manipulation of earnings and reduces the opportunism of the discretionary accruals. The final chapter summarizes the thesis’ results and presents its contributions and limitations. This doctorate dissertation contributes to research on corporate governance by studying ESO’s effect on agency costs from several perspectives
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Dahlström, Viktor, and Robin Danielsson. "Levererar Big-4 en högre revisionskvalitet jämfört med Non-Big 4? : En kvantitativ studie som jämför större och mindre revisionsbolags revisionskvalitet relaterat till revisionsarvodet." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23802.
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Syfte: Större revisionsbolag har länge inom redovisningslitteraturen associerats med bättre revisionskvalitet jämfört med mindre revisionsbolag. På senare tid har frågan lyfts om större revisionsbolags höga revisionsarvoden beror på högre revisionskvalitet eller marknadsmakt. Denna studie bidrar med nya empiriska underlag inom jämförelsestudier mellan större och mindre revisionsbolag, där revisionsarvodet används som proxy för revisionskvalitet. Vidare tar denna studie, till skillnad från tidigare studier, även hänsyn till revisionskvalitet inom olika riskmiljöer. Metod: Studien har använt sig av en kvantitativ metod med ett positivistiskt förhållningssätt genom arbetet. En deduktiv forskningsansats har tillämpats där tidigare forskning har legat som grund till studiens framförda hypoteser. Insamling av finansiella sekundärdata för totalt 2518 företag har utförts via databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat påvisar signifikanta skillnader i revisionskvalitet mellan större och mindre revisionsbolag i studiens olika riskmiljöer. För studiens europeiska länder är förhållandet mellan större och mindre revisionsbolag likvärdiga medan de amerikanska revisionsbolagen skiljer sig signifikant revisionskvalitetsmässigt. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Studien har genomförts utan hänsyn tagen till kvalitativa faktorer som kan komma att påverka revisionskvalitet, vilket öppnar ett utrymme för komparativa studier med en kvalitativ inriktning. Det finns även möjlighet att utöka antalet börsmarknader för respektive land eller utvidga antalet länder i olika riskmiljöer. Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien lämnar två bidrag till redovisningslitteraturen i form av nya empiriska bevis inom revisionskvalitet mellan större och mindre revisionsbolag samt unik forskning kring revisionskvalitetsstudier mellan riskmiljöer. Vidare lämnar studiens resultat incitament åt praktiker att granska revisionsmarknaden för eget vinstintresse samt svarar på normgivares funderingar kring marknadsbalansen mellan större och mindre revisionsbolag.Aim: Big audit firms have long been associated with higher audit quality, compared to smaller audit firms. Recent studies suggest that the higher audit fees from bigger audit firm is affected by market misuse rather than better audit quality. This study provides new empirical evidence between the comparison of big vs small audit firm, where audit fees are used as proxy for audit quality. Furthermore, this study investigates different litigation environment that could affect audit quality. Method: This study uses an quantitative based method with an positivist, deductive approach, were earlier studies have had an impact on our hypotheses. Financial information from 2518 companies has been collected from Thomson Reuters Datastream. Result & Conclusions: This study's result provides significant differences of audit quality between big and small audit firms in different risk environments. For this study, the audit quality relationship between big and small audit firms are equivalent for the European countries while audit quality between big and small audit firms in the US differ significantly. Contribution of the thesis: This study leaves two contributions to the extent audit literature, in terms of empirical evidence of audit quality between big and small audit firms and unique research results of audit quality in different litigation environments. Furthermore, the results of this study creates incentives for practitioners to review the audit market for self interests and answer legal setters concerns about unbalanced audit markets. Suggestions for future research: The study has been carried out without consideration of qualitative factors that may affect audit quality. It’s opening a space for comparative studies with an qualitative approach. It is also possible to expand the number of stock exchanges for a country or expand the number of countries in different risk environments.
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Abidin, Shamharir. "Audit market concentration and auditor choice in the UK." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/119.
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Auditing has an important role in the corporate governance process and is essential in ensuring confidence in the reliability of financial information. It is important to understand the reasons why, given the costs involved, companies change their auditor and choose a particular level of audit assurance. To date, however, only a limited number of studies on auditor choice issues are available, especially in the UK setting. Further, since the downfall of Andersen, the audit market environment has changed significantly, creating a new audit environment to be researched. In light of these recent developments, the objectives of this thesis are to address both concentration and auditor choice issues. It is divided into two separate but interrelated parts. The first part of this thesis provides evidence on audit market concentration in the UK domestic listed company market from 1998 to 2003. The effect of Andersen’s demise on both audit market concentration and audit fees is examined. Using four different size measures (number of audits, audit fees, clients’ total assets and sales), three measures of concentration are calculated. Results show that the UK audit market has now clearly surpassed the tight oligopoly threshold and, despite auditing significantly fewer clients in 2003 than in 1998, the B5/4 managed to increase their fee dominance. In particular, the decline in B5/4 ‘number of clients’ market share was mainly due to their lower share of the newly-listed companies audit market. On the other hand, the slight increase in B5/4 audit fee market share was due to the net impact of leavers concentrating the B5/4 share and joiners diluting it. Voluntary switches to/from the B5/4 had a relatively small impact on B5/4 market share for both measures. Following Andersen’s acquisition by Deloitte & Touche, market levels of audit fee and audit fee rate (audit fee scaled by total assets) have increased markedly, suggesting that more audit effort is being expended as a way to restore confidence about audit quality after the damage caused by Andersen’s alleged misconduct. The acquisition has also contributed to a further increase in ‘audit fee’ market concentration for the 4-firm concentration ratio (CR4) and in the overall Hirschman-Herfindahl Index measure. Although, Deloitte & Touche gained significant market share in terms of both audit fees and number of audits through its acquisition of Andersen, it is PricewaterhouseCoopers that continues to hold the largest market share. Deloitte & Touche retained 93 former Andersen clients (74%), 21 (17%) moved to another B5/4 auditor and 11 (9%) chose a non-B5/4 firm. While former Andersen clients paid higher audit fees, in aggregate, the increase was, perhaps surprisingly, less than for the market as a whole. At the industry level, the B4 firms dominated all sectors, the highest non-B5/4 market share in any industry being just 8%. In 2003, PricewaterhouseCoopers was the leader in 18 out of 34 sectors. The second part of the thesis is divided into two separate studies – auditor change determinants and new auditor selection determinants. These studies use a sample of non financial auditor change companies to test logistic regression models of the determinants of auditor change and new auditor selection. The determinant variables include auditee, auditor and audit characteristics. This part also examines the sensitivity of results to alternative functional forms of the basic model specification. Two definitions of auditor quality – brand name auditor and specialism, are employed. Internal governance issues such as audit committee independence, the duality of chairman/CEO as well as the size/quality of the incumbent auditor were found to be significant determinants of auditor change. Expected future growth in the company, rather than past growth, and audit fee reduction were positively related to audit change probability. Result also suggests that companies changed auditor to improve the perception of auditor independence. By contrast, in the new auditor selection models, corporate governance variables did not appear to be important in determining a different quality (brand-name) auditor. Only the chairman/CEO duality variable was weakly and negatively significant, suggesting that duality is associated with a change to a lower quality auditor. Growing companies are more likely to change to a brand name auditor, consistent with the inability of smaller firms to provide services across an international market. Contrary to agency theory predictions, the results show that a company experiencing increased leverage is less likely to choose a B5/4 auditor, suggesting that B5/4 auditors are being selective in avoiding risky clients. Higher audit fees are paid to new auditors by companies that changed from non-B5/4 to B5/4, reflecting a B5/4 fee premium. However, the higher NAS fee result is contrary to initial expectations. Typically, far fewer variables were significant in the models with audit quality proxied by industry specialism. For the specialism models based on audit fee market share, there is counter-intuitive evidence that a company with a large number of subsidiaries is less likely to move to a specialist auditor from a non-specialist. New specialist auditors were more likely to be preferred when a company experienced an increase in current accruals or a reduction in leverage. In general, the results for these models were less strong and were dependent upon the specialist definition adopted. Finally, the thesis provides evidence that the choice of time variant model (ex-ante, contemporaneous or ex-post) made no significant difference to the overall results. The one exception concerns the ‘growth’ variable, where companies are found to change auditor in anticipation of future growth, rather than as a response to past growth. Further, the use of alternative proxy variables does not greatly influence the regression results. One important exception to this general observation concerns the brand name proxy. When brand name was defined as tier12 (to include Grant Thornton and BDO) the significance level was improved in all models. This suggests that, to some degree, Grant Thornton and BDO are viewed as quality service providers closer in quality to B5/4 than to other smaller audit firms.
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Arvidsson, Wallberg Angelica, and Alexandra Åhlén. "Ekonomisk förlust för revisionsbyråer : En studie över revisorers fortlevnadsvarningar i Sverige." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22393.
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Syfte: Inom revisionsbranschen har rapporteringen om ett företags fortlevnad under en lång tid varit ett omtvistat ämne. Detta specifikt till följd av revisorsskandaler, då företag gått i konkurs utan att ha erhållit en fortlevnadsvarning från sin revisor. I redovisningslitteraturen finns det motstridiga argument kring huruvida revisorer anses oberoende eller inte utifrån deras benägenhet att utfärda fortlevnadsvarningar och de finansiella incitament som finns. Uppsatsens syfte är att: Undersöka om det finns något samband mellan utfärdandet av fortlevnadsvarningar och ekonomisk förlust för revisionsbyrån. Metod: Utifrån tidigare forskning har forskningsbara hypoteser deducerats fram, vilka sedan undersökts empiriskt. En kvantitativ metod har använts för att samla in data från svenska företags årsredovisningar åren 2011-2014. Dessa data har sedan testats och analyserats i ett statistikprogram och har därefter redovisats i olika tabeller. Resultat & slutsats: Denna studie har funnit bevis för den självuppfyllande profetian, vilket indikerar att revisorer drar sig för att utfärda fortlevnadsvarningar. Gällande undersökningen kring ekonomiska incitament som hot mot revisorns oberoende, ger denna studie bevis på att storleken på NAS-arvodet kan utgöra ett potentiellt hot. Studiens resultat visar även att det inte finns någon kvalitetsskillnad mellan Big 4 och icke Big 4 revisorer när det gäller utfärdandet av fortlevnadsvarningar. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Förslag till fortsatt forskning är att kombinera de finansiella faktorerna med de icke finansiella faktorerna för att studera revisorers oberoende. En tredje begränsning med uppsatsen är att vi utgått från revisorns perspektiv, vilket innebär att förslag till fortsatt forskning är att byta till företagens perspektiv eller kombinera dessa. Uppsatsens bidrag: Denna uppsats har bidragit med mer kunskap kring den självuppfyllande profetian, ekonomiska incitaments påverkan på revisorns oberoende. Uppsatsen har även bidragit med ytterligare förståelse kring hur problematiskt det kan vara att utfärda en fortlevnadsvarning.Aim: The reporting of an organizations going concern has been center for debate during a long period of time. This is mainly due to auditing scandals where organizations have gone bankrupt without a modified going concern opinion from their auditor. In accounting literature there are conflicting claims about whether auditors are considered independent or not due to their tendency to issue a going concern modified opinion and the influence financial incentives have on auditor independence. The aim of this essay is to: Examine if there is a relation between the tendency to issue a going concern modified opinion and the financial loss for the audit firm. Method: From previous research hypotheses have been deduced. These hypotheses have then empirically been studied. A quantitative method was used to gather data from Swedish companies’ annual reports from the year 2011-2014. After gathering the data, it was tested and analyzed with a stats program and then presented in different tables. Result & Conclusions: This study has found evidence of the self-fulfilling prophecy, which indicates that the auditor withdraws from issuing a going concern modified opinion. Regarding the financial incentives as threats of audit independence, this study gives evidence that the size of Non-audit service fees poses a potential threat. The results of the study also show that there is no significant difference in quality between Big 4 and Non-Big 4 auditors regarding the issuance of going concern modified opinions. Suggestions for future research: In this study the financial factors have been taken into account, a combination of both the financial and non-financial factors is the suggestion for future research. A third limitation of this study is that is based upon the auditors’ perspective, therefore a study based solely on the companies' perspective or a combination of both is our suggestion for future research. Contribution of the thesis: This thesis contributes with more knowledge to the accounting literature. The study has provided more knowledge about the self-fulfilling prophecy, financial incentives on audit independence and the quality among Big 4 and non-Big 4 audit firms. This thesis has also contributed to further understanding of how problematic it can be for an auditor to issue a going concern modified opinion.
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Santos, Cinderela Andrade dos. "Audit fees, non-audit fees and corporate performance." Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/81543.
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Santos, Cinderela Andrade dos. "Audit fees, non-audit fees and corporate performance." Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/81543.
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Yu-TingCheng and 鄭宇庭. "The Impact of Firm’s Strategy on Audit Fees and Non-Audit Fees." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42634381490449829787.
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碩士國立成功大學
會計學系
103
Drawing from research in auditing and strategy, this study examines whether firm strategy risks influence the audit and non-audit fees. The study uses a sample of 3,561 firms in the TSE and OTC market made by 327 Taiwan-based firms over a period of 12 years to test hypotheses linking firm business-level strategies to the fees. The findings indicate that firms pursuing differentiated strategies are more likely to be charged with higher audit and non-audit fees than firms pursuing the cost leadership strategy. In other words, differentiated strategies are regarded as riskier than the cost leadership strategy.
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Chiao, Pin-Hsuan, and 焦品瑄. "The Effects of Audit Fees and Non-Audit Fees on Tax Avoidance." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f5ee53.
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碩士國立東華大學
會計與財務碩士學位學程
106
Recently, the rise of anti-tax avoidance continued to spread to the world. The role of auditors becomes more important between company and government. The research mainly discusses about how the amount of audit fees and non-audit fees will affect tax avoidance of company. This research uses TSE (Taiwan Stock Exchange) and OTC (Over-the-counter) listed firms in Taiwan from 2006 to 2016 as the sample, following the model developed by Chen et al. (2010), and adopting effective tax rate and cash effective tax rate as proxies for tax avoidance. The study finds out that if auditors charge higher audit fees, they will make more effort and put more resources in auditing and tax attestation processes, which can restrain tax avoidance of the company. Besides, the auditors provide incremental tax services to assist company tax planning if company additionally purchases non-audit services. The empirical results still remains robust based on the sensitivity tests.
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kao, Cheng-hao, and 高誠皓. "Audit Fees, Non-Audit Fees and Auditor IndependenceBefore and After the Sarbanes-Oxley Act." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90006534430989184139.
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碩士國立成功大學
會計學系碩博士班
94
This paper examines whether the passing of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is associated with enhanced auditor independence, by checking fees paid to auditors for audit and non-audit services during the period 2000 to 2003. It is expected that the Act will enhanced auditor independence because most of the previous non-audit services are restricted. We find a statistically significant positive association between non-audit fees and the absolute value of performance-adjusted discretionary accruals in 2000 and 2001, but lack of association in 2002 and 2003(after passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act). This lack of association in 2002 and 2003 may be a result of the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley Act. we extend our empirical analysis by using a fee estimation model to predict abnormal audit and non-audit fees. We find evidence that clients with higher abnormal autit fees are more likely to damage auditor’s independence. Overall, our results are the Act is associated with enhanced auditor independence.
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Ruei-JhihSyu and 許瑞芝. "The Association between Audit Committee IndependentDirector Compensation and Audit/Non-Audit Fees." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72vr34.
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Chen, Wan-Jing, and 陳婉菁. "The Association Study of Audit Fees, Non-Audit Fees, and The Directors' and Officers' Liability Insurance." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w83h59.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
會計系
105
The purpose of this empirical study is aimed to investigate the relationships within audit fees, non-audit fees, and directors and officers liability insurance (D&O) by simultaneous equations approach. Empirical examination of public listed companies between 2008 and 2015 was carried out, specifically probing into potential endogenous relationships among D&O, audit fees, and non-audit fees. The results revealed that audit fees, non-audit fees, and D&O were mutually endogenous. That is, D&O is positive with audit fees and non-audit fees. A further robust examination was carried out with different clustered samples and different variable definitions, and similar results were yielded. While previous research mainly focused on unidirectional relationship, the current study pioneers into the relevant fields with the use of simultaneous equations to examine endogeneity and relationships within variables. The results serve as references not only for administrative organizations to improve strategies of D&O, but also for investors to evaluate investment risks. Therefore, it is advised that extra attention be paid to a company’s purchase of high volume of D&O to avoid damaging investors’ rights.
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HUANG, YU-CHI, and 黃雨頎. "The Determinants of and Interaction between Audit and Non-Audit Fees." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10243054230021441701.
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碩士國立臺北大學
會計學系
92
The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of audit and non-audit fees and to clarify the association between them. Most people consider that audit and non-audit fees have a positive correlation resulted from “knowledge spillover”. But we suspect that the characteristics of auditors and auditees, and the auditees’ consideration to purchasing non-audit services simultaneously determine audit and non-audit fees in pricing. The methodology is to build the models of audit and non-audit fees, respectively, for estimating single-equation models to confirm prior findings of the positive association between them, and to test whether endogeneity exists in two fee models. The results indicate both the audit firm and auditee size increase audit and non-audit fees. However, the meanings and influences of other factors, such as auditees’ profitability, financial structure and agency cost, are not all the same. Hausman tests of exogeneity provide no evidence that audit and non-audit fees are endogeneous variables each other. It suggests that it is unnecessary to consider the joint determination of audit and non-audit fees. Namely, this study supports that the inference of prior studies — the demand of non-audit services is partly derived from “knowledge spillover” in joint supply of audit and non-audit services. The decrease of audit firm’s cost is reflected on fee deduction, producing an auditor-provided economic inducement., but this is the case for recurring non-audit services, not for nonrecurring ones for specific demand. Moreover, the results also suggest that the pricing strategies in big/small or individual audit firms are different, as well as to big/small clients. We conclude that when knowledge spillover is verified, two results are possible. First, the reduction in the marginal cost of services motivates the auditee to demand a larger quantity of these services, and then total fees increase. Second, the auditor earns additional economics rents, and then the independence of the firm may be impaired. Therefore, the auditee will trade off between the cost and benefits of spending two services.
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Chu, Yenting, and 朱晏葶. "The Relationship Between Non-audit Services, Auditor Changes And Audit Fees." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29186010713972227517.
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碩士國防大學管理學院
財務管理學系
100
The relationship between audit and non-audit services offered by CPA firms has been extensively discussed post the Enron event. Previous researches suggest that both of the services impair audit independence and therefore encourage auditor changes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of supply and demand in the audit market. The data was collected from Taiwan Economic Journal Database (TEJ) while the sampling period ranged from 2002 to 2010. In order to validate whether audit fees are significantly correlated to non-audit services and auditor changes, this study deployed the simultaneous equation model and the three-stage least squares method to estimate the mode parameters. The empirical result supported the hypothesis that audit fees and auditor changes are negatively correlated. Namely, when a company is likely to change the auditors, the audit fees decrease accordingly. In addition, audit fees and non-audit services are positively correlated; which means audit fees tend to be higher when the CPA firm provides non-audit services on top of the audit services. Lastly, auditor changes and non-audit services are positively correlated; indicating that when auditors provide non-audit services, companies are more likely engage in auditor changes.
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Liu, Yen-Hsiu, and 劉晏秀. "The relation between board characteristics and audit/non-audit fees in Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35350739288988594545.
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碩士國立政治大學
會計研究所
92
To reduce the agency problem between management and capital suppliers, the business should design an effective corporate structure to reduce agency cost, including hiring outside board members and/or the establishment of an audit committee. The board members with higher independence and expertise will ask the auditors to put in more audit time to reduce information asymmetry. And they will expect to lessen the auditor’s economic dependency on the management by restricting non-audit services the company will purchase from the independent auditor firm. Most researches recently focus on the relation between characteristic of the board and business operation results. This research attempted to examine the relation between board characteristics and audit/non-audit fees paid to the independent auditors. This study found there’s no significant relation between board independence and audit fees or non-audit fees, but a negative relation existed between the board expertise and non-audit fees. Opposite to the conclusion of Carcello et al. (2000), this result indicated that the effect of board expertise on fees is greater than that of board independence. It could be due to the initial development of corporate governance in Taiwan. Most companies hire outside board members and set up an audit committee just to meet the regulation stipulated by law. On the other hand, the greater expertise a board processes, the less non-audit fee it will pay to the auditor in order to reduce the economic dependency of the auditor on the management.
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Luo, Shu Fan, and 羅書帆. "The Association Between Non-audit Fees Disclosures and Market Returns." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47378868233477427234.
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碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
96
Scholars have concerned that whether CPAs providing non-audit services for their audit clients will threaten their independence for a long term around the world. In this study we however focus on how the investors will react to the event while they detect CPAs providing non-audit services for their audit clients. In this way, we can know if there is any information content of fees disclosures. The results indicate that amount of fees is positive correlated with company’s abnormal return. The relation between discretionary accruals and abnormal return is negative. However, the relation will be adjusted by the disclosure of non-audit fees. The results infer that the fees disclosures have information contents, and government might need to request all public companies to offer this information in order to protect investor and decrease information asymmetry.
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Chia-JungTsai and 蔡佳蓉. "Do non-audit service fees impair auditor independence in issuing audit opinion? Further evidence from Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wjt3qj.
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Wu, C. Y. H., Hwa-Hsien Hsu, and J. Haslam. "Audit committees, non-audit services, and auditor reporting decisions prior to failure." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17147.
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YesThis study investigates the associations between audit committee characteristics and the likelihood of auditors' going-concern decisions among UK failed firms. Specifically, we examine whether the threat posed by auditor-provided non-audit services (NAS) to auditors' reporting decisions is mediated by audit committee characteristics. We find that failed firms with higher proportions of independent non-executive directors (NEDs) and financial experts on the audit committee are more likely to receive auditor going-concern modifications prior to failure, but that there is no significant relationship between NAS fees and the likelihood of receiving a going-concern modification. The evidence further suggests that the association between NAS and auditors' reporting decisions is subject to audit committee characteristics. Where the audit committee is more independent and includes a greater proportion of financial experts, auditors providing the client with NAS are less likely to issue a standard unmodified going-concern report prior to failure. Overall, the findings provide support for corporate governance regulators' concerns about the monitoring benefits of audit committee independence and the presence of financial expertise on the audit committee for auditors' reporting decisions.
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Wang, Su-Her, and 王書鶴. "The Effect of Auditors'' Fees for Non-audit Services on Audit Quality ─ From the Perspective of Earnings Management." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70441702136028004537.
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碩士中國文化大學
會計研究所
91
For a long time, there is always totally different opinions concerning whether audi-tors compromise their audit quality when they provide non-audit services to their audit clients. In the past, it was hard to get domestic data of auditor fees, so the volume of domestic related empirical research were less than foreign scholars’. The new regulation of Securities and Futures Commission makes auditor fees data collection from Market Observation Post System possible. Hence, this study continues Frankel et al. (2002) and Jan Zan Lee et al. (2002)’s research. We adopt earnings management as proxy variable of audit quality to investigate whether auditors compromise their audit quality when they provide non-audit services to their audit clients. The results indicate that, for companies with positive or negative discretionary ac-cruals, auditor decision is not affected by provision of non-audit services. In addition, when companies manipulate earnings upward, we found that there was a significant positive association between provision of non-audit services and earnings management because of high audit fees. However, we didn’t find similar phenomenon when compa-nies manipulate earnings downward. In other words, we do not find auditors compro-mise their audit quality when they provide non-audit services to their audit clients. The result is different from Frankel et al. (2002) and Jan Zan Lee et al. (2002)’s findings. We think probably there are two reasons for this. First, we have little sample of auditor fees disclosure data because of limitation of the regulation. Second, this is the first year to enforce the regulation of auditor fees disclosure, so auditors may adopt more conserva-tive attitude toward clients’ earnings reporting for fearing that the disclosure of high non-audit fees will make the public doubt the auditors’ independence.
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Lee, Cheng-Chuan, and 李政娟. "Earnings Management and Auditor Independence: An Examination Using Audit and Non-Audit Fees from US Bank Holding Companies." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75546021565317127163.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
91
The Enron debacle has reopened the public debate on the role of auditors and whether their independence can be called into question in certain circumstances, particularly where they earn substantial fees for non-audit work. Any event that raises doubts about the quality and independence of audit services undermines confidence in the capital markets as a whole. The debate has tended to focus on non-audit services, which auditors perform for their clients, and this has been the target of the US SEC in recent years. The fundamental tension in the statutory audit system is that auditors get hired by, fired by and must work side by side with the corporate client while legally required to take the interests of shareholders, creditors, and the public as their primary responsibility and allegiance. Audit and non-audit services can strengthen the auditor’s economic bond with the client, thereby increasing the auditor’s incentive to acquiesce to client pressure, including pressure to allow earnings management. The purpose of this study is to reexamine relationship between the auditors’ fees and earnings management. Specifically, we investigate the relation between discretionary provisions, a measure of earnings management and earnings quality, and audit and non-audit fees from bank holding companies. Our results support a positive association between auditors’ fees and earnings management. There is a positive coefficient on audit fees. Non-audit fees and total fees also have the same result. In contrast, we find no association between fee ratio and the earnings management indicator. Positive coefficients on Total Fees, Audit Fees and Non-Audit Fees suggest that the provision of audit services to audit clients creates incentives for auditors to submit to client pressure.
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Lai, Yung-Yu, and 賴永裕. "Audit Fees of Non-profit Organizations: An Empirical Study on Private Colleges and Universities." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14070927256100415467.
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博士國立雲林科技大學
管理研究所博士班
95
This study collected first-hand audit fee data from audited financial statements of private colleges and universities for the 2001-2003 academic years. The empirical results support the first hypothesis (H1) that audit fees of NPOs would be higher when limited tendering procedures were carried out for auditor selections. As to the second hypothesis (H2), it is argued that auditors could reduce follow-up audit work to cut down audit costs since NPOs clients (private colleges and universities) pose a low audit risk with steady and strong financial structures. These results support our hypotheses H2a and H2b, that is, NPOs with lower business risk and better corporate governance are more likely to pay lower audit fees. The third hypothesis assumed that the more complicated the clients are, the more effort auditors would make to maintain a tolerable audit risk, one as low as possible. These results support our conjecture that an increase in relative audit fees is subject to an increase in the level of NPOs’ complexity. By excluding the industry specialist Big 4, a comparable result is found to be consistent with our forth hypothesis (H4a). It shows that the auditor brand name premium exists between the non-specialist Big 4 and the non-Big 4 while the non-specialist Big 4 is defined as audit firms having their audit fees in that industry of less than 15 percent. In sum, we could conclude that differences in audit fee charges may be attributed to fee premiums for the specialist Big 4, and so provide additional evidence to sustain the auditor’s brand name premiums and industry specialist effect. The main contributions of this research are not only to make a comprehensive understanding about the determinants of audit fees for NPOs, but also to empirically show both brand name premiums and the effects of industry specialists.
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Yu-LinLin and 林鈺麟. "A study of practice office region, audit quality, and audit fees－Why would a company use a non-local practice office?" Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99278767672842068930.
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碩士國立成功大學
會計學系碩博士班
100
This paper examines why some companies prefer to use a practice office far from their headquarters in Taiwan. It investigates the differences in audit quality and audit fees among different regions of practice offices, and also examines the distinction between local and non-local practice offices by using a sample of Taiwanese companies. The results reveal that there is no significant difference in audit quality among different regions, but the audit fees are significantly higher in Hsinchu region than in Taipei, Taichuang, Tainan, and Kaohsiung regions, and in the northern and southern areas than in the midland area. In addition, the audit fees are significantly lower and the audit quality significantly decreases if the audit is carried out by a non-local practice office. To conclude, the reason why some companies prefer a more distance practice office is that, in order to win customers, some audit firms may cut their fees, however these lower fees may encourage the firms to reduce the amount of work that they do, leading to decreased audit quality.
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Lu, Chian-Uen, and 呂倩雯. "The Research On The Effects of Non-audit Service Fees and Engagement Risk on Auditor Independence." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80561214700981341516.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
會計學研究所
92
It has been a major concern whether auditor independence may be negatively impacted if auditors perform nonaudit services for their audit clients. However, the results of empirical researches are mixed. It could be caused by different research designs or lack of influential variables on auditor independence. According to existing studies, engagement risks could restrain the possibility that auditors are willing to sacrifice independence. This study therefore extends existing NAS related empirical researches by combining nonaudit service fees variables with engagement risks. It empirically examines whether auditors’ are willing to sacrifice independence because of NAS fees, and if auditors would decide to maintain independence in accordance with engagement risks. Specifically, this study takes interactions between nonaudit service fees and engagement risks into consideration in order to examine if interactions significantly influence auditor independence. The results show no significant association between the ratio of NAS fees to audit fees and the absolute value of abnormal accruals, indicating that higher the NAS fees do not necessarily lead to auditors’ more willing to allow earnings management. However, there is statistically significant association between engagement risks and the absolute value of abnormal accruals. Auditors hence tend to suppress clients’ earnings management when faced with higher engagement risks. Lastly, the most importance finding in this study is interactions between NAS fees and engagement risks have significant influence on the absolute value of abnormal accruals, indicating interactions significantly moderate the influence of NAS fees on auditor independence.
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Neves, Ana Sofia Pereira. "Serviços distintos da auditoria e independência do auditor." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/36796.
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Tendo em conta a noção de que a prestação simultânea de serviços de auditoria e de serviços distintos da auditoria (SDA) ao mesmo cliente poderá comprometer a independência do auditor, entrou em vigor, na União Europeia, o Regulamento (UE) n.º 537/2014, do Parlamento Europeu e Conselho, de 16 de abril de 2014, relativo aos requisitos específicos para a revisão legal de contas das Entidades de Interesse Público, que veio proibir a prestação da maior parte dos SDA aos clientes de auditoria e limitar os honorários totais dos SDA. Neste sentido, este estudo tem como objetivos averiguar se, em Portugal, no período anterior à entrada em vigor do Regulamento Europeu de Auditoria, a prestação de SDA influenciava negativamente o nível de independência do auditor e se, no período posterior, não se verifica tal influência. Para dar resposta a estes objetivos, a presente dissertação adota uma metodologia quantitativa com recurso ao método da probabilidade linear que é aplicado às empresas portuguesas cotadas no PSI-Geral, para o período entre 2013 e 2019, inclusive. Este estudo demonstra que, durante todo o período em análise, o peso dos SDA não influencia a propensão para o auditor ser independente e que o peso médio desse tipo de serviços diminui com a entrada em vigor do Regulamento Europeu de Auditoria. Estes resultados mantêm-se para todos os métodos utilizados no cálculo do peso dos SDA e do ano considerado para a primeira aplicação das medidas legislativas impostas pelo Regulamento Europeu de Auditoria.Given that the simultaneous provision of audit and non-audit services (NAS) to audit clients may jeopardize auditor independence, in the European Union, the Regulation (EU) nº 537/2014 of the European Parliament and The Council, April 16th of 2014 was introduced, which regulates specific requirements for statutory audits of the public interest entities and forbids the provision of most NAS to audit clients and controls the total amount of NAS fees charged. Therefore, this study aims to find out if in Portugal, before the entrance of the European Auditing Regulation, the provision of NAS had a negative impact on the auditor independence and if, after the implementation date of that regulation, these types of services have no impact on auditor independence. To respond to these objectives, the present dissertation embraces a quantitative methodology, using the linear probability method which is applied to the Portuguese companies listed on PSI-Geral for the period between 2013 and 2019, included. The results of the study show that, during the period of analysis, the weight of NAS doesn’t have the power to influence the propensity to the auditor be independent and the average weight of that services reduce after the application of the European Auditing Regulation. These results are uniform, regardless of the method of calculation of their weight and the date of the implementation of the legal measures imposed by the European Auditing Regulation.
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Liao, Heng-Yi, and 廖恒毅. "The Artificial neural network research of audit fee and non-audit fee for listed companies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97754243170104548109.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
研發科技與資訊管理研究所
99
Good model of information disclosure helps to reduce information asymmetry, increase soundness of capital market, improve information transparency, and also enhance the monitoring of enterprise. The accountant who notarizes the financial report plays an important role in the information which exposed from enterprise. However, the investors might be question about audit information, have doubt about financial reports, and discredit dependability of accounting/auditing standard rule from public company. Exposing information of audit fee and non-audit fee disclosure, not only increase reputation of enterprise, helps investor and stockholder to evaluate risk analysis and value of enterprise, but also improve the result of evaluation of information disclosure. To see if the professional work from accountant or agency firm is equitability and independence, the disclosure of audit fee provides investors to assess it. Researchers all study regression analysis in the past, the weakness of it is that the structure information is complicated and mistaken. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is efficiently used on financial analysis in recent year. Most of the studies make accuracy of prediction as the merits of regression analysis and artificial neural network. This research is study public companies in electronics industry from 2005 to 2009 about the relationship between Logistic regression and Back- Propagation network (BPN). This research study predictability and explanation from discuss audit fee and non-audit fee and revealing of audit fee. The evidence shows accuracy of prediction from ANN with less major index better explain model of revealing audit fee than regression analysis. ANN model can explain revealing audit fee with same accurate rate as regression analysis from four important variables.
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Fan, Yu-Hsin, and 范宇杏. "The Association between Audit Committee (or Independent Supervisor) and Audit (Non-audit) Fee Ratio." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uj9qcz.
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碩士銘傳大學
管理研究所
97
In recent years, as the demand for non-audit services from auditors increases, the proportion of revenue from other than audit services has increased tremendously. As a result, regulators and investors concern about the increased percentage of non-audit fees relative to audit fees and that reduces auditor independence. More than ever, spurred by Enron’s collapse and financial mis-statements by several large corporations, the regulators have an increased interest in the impact of non-audit fees on the economic bonding between auditors and their clients. On the other hand, the audit committee or independent supervisors plays one of the most important roles in strengthening corporate governance. Therefore, this research examines the relationship between audit (or non-audit) fee ratio and audit committee (or independent supervisor). This research uses panel data regression model to investigate 34 listed firms of P-Shares Taiwan Electronics Tech ETF. The research period covers from 2006 to 2007. The result of the Hausman test is applied to determine the choice of fixed effect model or random effect model as the one suitable for the research. Finally, the research finds that there is a negative association between non-audit fee ratio and audit committee (or independent supervisor). Audit committee (or independent supervisor) also shows a positive association with audit fee ratio. The empirical results are consistent with expectations of the research.
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Pereira, Valentina Augusta Barreiros. "Serviços distintos de auditoria : revisão de literatura." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32378.
Full textAbstract:
Reflexo de anos de discussões e escândalos financeiros, a 16 de abril de 2014, a Comissão Europeia publica formalmente o Regulamento (UE) n.º 537/2014 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, impondo restrições à prestação de SDA, por parte do auditor externo aos seus clientes, e aplicando limites aos honorários dos SDA. O objetivo deste estudo, é assim, sistematizar a investigação científica em torno dos serviços distintos de auditoria, dando relevância ao período de 2014 a 2020, de forma a identificar as conclusões chegadas relativamente: (1) ao impacto dos SDA no qualidade de auditoria, independência do auditor, eficácia do controlo interno, custo do capital próprio, qualidade da informação financeira e no preço final de auditoria; e (2) relativamente à influência das mudanças regulamentares anglo-saxónicas e das políticas de corporate governance nos SDA e na mitigação dos seus efeitos. É, ainda, objetivo desta dissertação detetar pistas de investigações futuras. A metodologia utilizada teve por base o estudo de Tepalagul & Lin (2015), com o acrescento de critérios de seleção das revista e artigos. A partir do universo de artigos analisados para o período de 2014 a 2020, é possível concluir que os resultados sobre o impacto dos SDA nas variáveis consideradas nesta análise não se mostram consensuais. De facto, uns apontam para um impacto negativo e outros para um impacto positivo. Adicionalmente, os resultados comprovam que os níveis de SDA prestados e os seus efeitos negativos são influenciados pela força da regulamentação e da qualidade do governo das sociedades.As result of years of debate and financial scandals in 16 April 2014 the European Commission formally signed the Directive (2014/56/EU) and Regulation (537/2014). The Regulation (537/2014) enforced serious limitations to the amount of NAS to be provided to audit clients and the total amount of NAS fees. This analysis aims to identify and systematize the literature on non-audit services, specifically between 2014 and 2020, in order to understand the impact of NAS on audit quality, auditor independence, internal control quality, earnings quality, cost of equity capital and audit price, and how the recent audit reforms and the corporate governance affect NAS and if they moderate the impact of NAS. It is also the objective of this study detect clues for future investigations. The applied methodology is based on the study of Tepalagul & Lin (2015). After reviewing the various studies for the 2014-2020 period, it is possible to conclude that in order to the impact of NAS the results are mixed, some studies point to a positive impact of NAS and others to a negative impact. In addition to this the results show that a strong corporate governance and the recent audit changes moderate the negative impact of NAS and affect NAS fees.
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Cheng, Hung-kuan, and 鄭弘寬. "Non-audit Fee and the Value-relevance of Financial Statement." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75056083528176430285.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
96
Non-audit service performed by auditor for their audit clients have long been a focus of concern for the regulators. In order to provide investors with more information, the Taiwan Securities and Future Bureau has mandated listed firms to disclosure their fees for both audit and non-audit services under some circumstances. This study examines the impact of non-audit fee on the value-relevance of financial statement information. The sample includes 472 listed firms disclosing non-audit fee data during 2002 to 2006. This adopts the Olhson (1995) model to test the effect of non-audit fee on the value-relevance of financial statement. This study finds that non-audit service purchased by listed firms has a significant positive effect on the value relevance of equity book value, and significant negative effect on the value relevance of earnings and discretionary accruals. It indicates that investors rely more on the book value of equity, and less on earnings and discretionary accruals in stock valuation decisions when listed firms purchase audit and non-audit services from the same auditor.
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Lin, Shin-Yi, and 林忻宜. "An empirical study of the relationship between fee dependence from audit and non-audit services and earnings quality." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72025107648104255806.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
97
Observing the drastic changes of the worldwide regulatory environment in the post-Enron era, the author of this thesis intends to examine whether the impact of service fees dependence on auditor independence is contingent on auditor tenure. The study applied a series of multivariate regression analyses on a sample of 1,293 Taiwan’s listed companies for the period of 2002 to 2007 and found that there exists no statistically significant relationship between fee dependence and earnings quality on conventional levels, either from the viewpoint of cross-services, cross-periods, or the interaction of both. However, a significant positive association between auditor independence, proxied by discretionary accruals, and non-audit fees from system design services provided by firms with short auditor tenure of no more than two years is obtained. In addition, the effects of mandatory and voluntary audit-partner rotation were also considered in this paper. The author believes the empirical results will not only provide insights into the impact of non-audit services on audit quality but also contribute to the subsequent regulatory considerations regarding auditor tenure.
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Wang, Chun-En, and 王純恩. "The Effects of Non-audit Services, Fee Dependence and Auditor Tenure on Earnings Quality-The Measure of Performance-Adjusted Discretionary Accruals." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27666823098515548077.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
會計學系
92
This thesis examines whether non-audit services, fee dependence and auditor tenure are associated with earnings quality by using publicly disclosed fee data of listed and OTC firms in Taiwan mandatorily required by the regulation effective in 2002. This study uses the absolute value, income-increasing and income-decreasing discretionary current accruals estimated by industry-specific cross-sectional Modified Jones model (1995) and two measures of performance-adjusted discretionary current accruals developed by Kothari et al.(2002) as proxies for earnings quality. Further, this study uses multiple empirical measures of fee dependence, including non-audit fee ratio(Frankel et al. 2002), the natural log of non-audit fees, audit fees and total fees(Ashbaugh et al. 2003) and measures of client importance which include non-audit fees, audit fees and total fees divided by the auditor firm’s total revenue in 2002(Chung and Kallapur 2003). Additionally, I also explore the determinants of audit fee in Taiwan’s audit market. The empirical results show that non-audit fee dependence is positively associated with the magnitude of absolute discretionary current accruals and the magnitude of both income-increasing and income-decreasing discretionary current accruals. In contrast, There are no significant association between audit fees and any of these earnings quality proxies. Total fee dependence are only significantly negatively associated with two negative performance-adjusted discretionary current accruals. Besides, this study finds that auditor firm’s tenure is generally negatively associated with the magnitude of earning management. Specifically, as the tenure of auditor firm lengthens, auditor firm appears to place more constraints on the absolute value and both of the income-increasing and income-decreasing discretionary current accruals, but there is no association between auditor tenure and any of the earnings quality proxies. Since audit fees, non-audit fees and discretionary current accruals may be jointly determined, this study models these three variables in a system of simultaneous equations. The result shows that non-audit fees are positively associated with the absolute value of two performance-adjusted discretionary current accruals and audit fees are negatively associated with the absolute values of all the three measures of discretionary current accruals. Finally, it finds that the determinants of audit fees in Taiwan’s audit market include client size, auditor firm’s brand name(Big 5 or not), leverage and ROA.