Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-aqueous system

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-aqueous system'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Gong, S. "Non-aqueous liquid membrane system." Journal of Membrane Science 205, no. 1-2 (August 1, 2002): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(02)00126-6.

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Friberg, S. E., and C. S. Wohn. "A system with non-aqueous birefringent microemulsions." Colloid and Polymer Science 263, no. 2 (February 1985): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01412790.

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Wang, Jiping, Yuanyuan Gao, Lei Zhu, Xiaomin Gu, Huashu Dou, and Liujun Pei. "Dyeing Property and Adsorption Kinetics of Reactive Dyes for Cotton Textiles in Salt-Free Non-Aqueous Dyeing Systems." Polymers 10, no. 9 (September 15, 2018): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10091030.

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In recent years, new concepts in textile dyeing technology have been investigated which aim to decrease the use of chemicals and the emission of water. In this work, dyeing of cotton textiles with reactive dyes has been investigated in a silicone non-aqueous dyeing system. Compared with conventional aqueous dyeing, almost 100% of reactive dyes can be adsorbed on cotton textiles without using any salts in non-aqueous dyeing systems, and the fixation of dye is also higher (80%~90% for non-aqueous dyeing vs. 40%~50% for traditional dyeing). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model can best describe the adsorption and equilibrium of reactive dyes in the non-aqueous dyeing systems as well as in the traditional water dyeing system. In the non-aqueous dyeing systems, the adsorption equilibrium of reactive dyes can be reached quickly. Particularly in the siloxane non-aqueous dyeing system, the adsorption equilibrium time of reactive dye is only 5–10 min at 25 °C, whereas more time is needed at 60 °C in the water dyeing system. The surface tension of non-aqueous media influences the adsorption rate of dye. The lower the surface tension, the faster the adsorption rate of reactive dye, and the higher the final uptake of dye. As a result, non-aqueous dyeing technology provides an innovative approach to increase dye uptake under a low dyeing temperature, in addition to making large water savings.
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Tang, Wencheng, Liujun Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, Lei Zhu, and Jiping Wang. "Effect of Pretreatments on Wettability and Dyeing Property of Cotton Fibers in an Environmentally Friendly Dyeing System." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.5.1.

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To investigate the influence of cotton wettability on its dyeing properties in a silicone non-aqueous dyeing system, alkali pretreatment was performed before dyeing. The dyeing properties and dyeing kinetics of reactive dyes in the non-aqueous system and a conventional dyeing system were compared. Alkali pretreatment significantly improved the wettability of cotton fiber by removing wax and pectin. The adsorption rate of dye increased with increased cotton fiber wettability using the non-aqueous system, while it barely changed using the conventional system. Pseudo-second-order kinetics fit well with dye adsorption for both systems. Dye fixation improved by 30% at a concentration of 2% owf, along with better levelness and color depth of the dyed cotton fiber, using the silicone non-aqueous system without salts and dispersants.
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Pei, Liujun, Yuni Luo, Xiaomin Gu, Huashu Dou, and Jiping Wang. "Diffusion Mechanism of Aqueous Solutions and Swelling of Cellulosic Fibers in Silicone Non-Aqueous Dyeing System." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030411.

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The main goal of this article is to study the diffusion mechanism of aqueous solutions and the swelling of cellulosic fibers in the silicone non-aqueous dyeing system via fluorescent labeling. Due to non-polar media only adsorbing on the surface of fiber, cellulosic fiber could not swell as a result of the non-polar media. However, because water molecules can diffuse into the non-crystalline region of the fiber, cellulosic fiber could swell by water which was dispersed or emulsified in a non-aqueous dyeing system. To study the diffusion mechanism of an aqueous solution in the siloxane non-aqueous dyeing system, siloxane non-aqueous media was first diffused to the cellulosic fiber because of its lower surface tension. The resulting aqueous solution took more time to diffuse the surface of the cellulosic fiber, because water molecules must penetrate the siloxane non-aqueous media film. Compared with the fluorescent intensity of the fiber surface, the siloxane film could be re-transferred to the dye bath under the emulsification of the surfactant and the mechanical force. Therefore, a longer diffusion time of the aqueous solution ensured the dyeing feasibility for cellulosic fiber in the non-aqueous dyeing system.
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Phaechamud, T., Prachya Katewongsa, A. Chuekaew, and W. Saengthongpinit. "Non-Aqueous Virgin Coconut Oil Hair Gel." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.347.

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Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is gaining wide popularity in the scientic eld and among the public. The purpose of this research was to develop the non-aqueous hair gel by dispersing hydrophilic colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil 200) or hydrophobic colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil R 972) into virgin coconut oil and to determine the effect of Aerosil type on physical properties of prepared hair gel. Texture analysis and satisfied evaluation of prepared system were also conducted. At a suitable amount of Aerosil 200 and Aerosil R 972, the three-dimensional network led to the immobilization of a dispersing medium. The viscosity of the prepared gel was increased as the amount of Aerosil 200 or Aerosil R 972 was increased. However, the viscosity of gel containing Aerosil 200 was apparently higher than system prepared from Aerosil R 972. The rheological behavior of these gels depended on type and concentration of colloidal silicon dioxide. From texture analysis, the hardness and adhesion of systems comprising Aerosil 200 were higher than that containing Aerosil R 972 with concentration dependence. Satisfied evaluation by a panel consisting of human volunteers demonstrated that the developed non-aqueous virgin coconut oil gel could be used as the hair setting gel.
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CM, Jadhav. "Stability Study of Griseofulvin in Non Aqueous Microemulsion System." Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 4, no. 35 (August 15, 2014): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15272/ajbps.v4i35.574.

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Tagawa, Yurika, and Mitsuo Ueda. "Effect of enzyme on detergency in non-aqueous system." Sen'i Gakkaishi 46, no. 11 (1990): 530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.46.11_530.

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W�rnheim, T., J. Bokstr�m, and Y. Williams. "Lower consolute temperature in a non-aqueous surfactant system." Colloid & Polymer Science 266, no. 6 (June 1988): 562–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01420768.

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Sawada, K., and M. Ueda. "Effect of Protease Activity on a Non-aqueous Detergent System." Textile Research Journal 70, no. 2 (February 2000): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750007000213.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Al-Dulaimi, Zaid. "Non-aqueous shale gas recovery system." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/104172/.

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gh European energy demands, the difference in prices amongst Europe and ambitious gas producers, have produced a scenario of high competition in a region that suffers a lack of fossil resources still required for energy generation. Therefore, other sources are under the scope of various countries to mitigate these issues. Shale gas is one fuel that presents a scenario that would decrease European dependence on imported gas. Although shale gas production is unlikely to give the energy security desired to the whole Europe, it would make a difference for the communities that will adopt it. However, shale gas has acquired a bad reputation with the public, mainly because of its extraction methods. This bad reputation is attributed to hydraulic fracturing, technology well-known as fracking, and its risks associated towards air and water pollution. Therefore, companies, institutions and governments are looking for other alternative methods of extraction with more environmentally friendly processes. Producing extensive high-pressure pulse waves at the base of the wellbore by using detonation is a promising potential technique for shale gas extraction. A fundamental study of deflagration to detonation transition using recirculated shale gas formation with pure oxygen as an oxidiser has been studied to design a system with lower DDT distance and higher pressure waves. Three proposed cases of UK shale gas composition were studied. Chemical equilibrium software GASEQ and chemical kinetic software CHEMKIN-PRO were used to estimate the product parameters. Results showed that the effect produced by diluents, such as carbon dioxide, are eliminated by the use of higher hydrogen content carbon-to-hydrogen species for the three cases proposed. OpenFOAM CFD was used to calculate the deflagration to detonation transition parameters in stoichiometric hydrogen air mixtures to evaluate different obstacle geometries on the transition phenomenon to improve the detonation process. The shape and layout of obstacles were found to have a significant effect on flame acceleration, and subsequent detonation propagation. The interaction of transverse pressure waves generated at the obstructions governs the propagation mechanism. The transverse waves and its frequency appear to play a pivotal role in supporting the detonation wave. H iv It was found that rectangular shape obstacles reduce the reaction time, while triangular ones achieved detonation with the minimum run-up distance. On the other hand, semicircular shape obstacles generate the highest pressure in a detonation tube. The outcome from numerical calculations and CFD were the guide to construct an experimental rig of 21.2mm diameter and 1500mm length tube with different obstacle configurations to demonstrate the concept of pulse detonation for shale rock cracking. Experimental work has been performed to determine the potential of shale gas production in the Dullais Valley, South of Wales. It was found through several tests using BS standard volatile analyses, Transmission Electron Microscopy and pyrolysis RockEval evaluation that the potential of extraction in this region is fair, with similar concentrations of pyrite but with low energy content compared to those resources located in the Midlands and Yorkshire. However, the use of controlled pulse detonation could be the ideal technology for extraction in Wales, as low sulphur (S) content will produce lower unwanted emissions, with a process that can promote opening of pores and further gasification of oil based molecular, with a subsequent increase in shale gas production, topic that requires further research. Finally, a 2-dimensional simulation was performed using ANSYS Parameter Design Language (APDL) to investigate the effect of pressure pulse generated by the detonation tube on a pre-crack. Results showed that the layer close to the applied load will be displaced, which means that it will be smashed. The maximum Von Mises stresses were found to concentrate at the perforating hole corners, while the region immediately after the crack tip is susceptible to compression stresses. The Same behaviour was found for the stress intensity factor. According to that, it is believed that the cracks will propagate diagonally from the perforating hole base. Therefore, the current work has theoretically demonstrated the technology for shale gas recovery, with an optimised geometry consistent of internal obstacles, for a region with potential for shale gas exploitation.
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Banerjee, Ashis. "Rheological and thermodynamic investigation of some properties prevailing in aqueous and non-aqueous system." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1357.

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Dakua, Vikas Kumar. "Physico-chemical studies on interactions between ion-solvent, ion-ion and solvent-solvent in aqueous and non-aqueous pure and mixed solvent systems." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/707.

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Das, Samir. "Investigation of solution behaviour and inclusion complexation of some noteworthy compounds with the manifestation of assorted interactions prevalent in aqueous and non-aqueous systems." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2022. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4788.

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Smylie, J. "Studies on the mechanism of template polymerisation in aqueous and non-aqueous systems." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372123.

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Jayaraman, Krithika M. "Mass transfer from non-aqueous phase liquids to the aqueous phase in groundwater systems." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01122010-020214/.

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Escalante, García Ismailia Leilani. "Fundamental and Flow Battery Studies for Non-Aqueous Redox Systems." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1425046485.

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Theaker, Ian. "A structural and thermodynamic study of non-aqueous solvent/wax systems." Thesis, University of Hull, 1996. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4996.

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Non-aqueous wax/solvent systems of industrial relevance for the manufacture of paste polishes have been investigated. These mixtures have been modelled using a paraffin wax of Japanese origin (Nippon Seiro 140/145°F) in a solution of pure heptane to which dopant components are added.The stability of any resulting gel has been assessed via solubility studies and measurement of the solvent vapour pressure. A new technique for the measurement of vapour pressure in these systems has been developed. The operation of the apparatus has been made almost completely automatic by the use of modern control units.Complementary analytical techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance have been used to augment the data where appropriate and the structure of these pastes has been investigated with the use of Optical Microscopy.
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Islam, Mojahedul. "The stability of foam, with special emphasis on non-aqueous systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46269.

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Voigt, Mirko [Verfasser]. "Biodegradable non-aqueous in situ forming microparticle drug delivery systems / Mirko Voigt." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026069688/34.

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Books on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Louch, Jeff. Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) for determining absolute or relative water column concentrations of non-polar chemicals in aqueous systems / by Jeff Louch. Research Triangle Park, N.C: National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, 2002.

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Sinquefield, Scott A. A microcomputer software package for simulation of non-ideal aqueous electrolyte systems at equilibrium. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Waks, Marcel. "Enzymes in Non-Aqueous Systems." In The Enzyme Catalysis Process, 465–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1607-8_30.

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Bosley, John A., and Alan D. Peilow. "Immobilization of Lipases for Use in Non-Aqueous Reaction Systems." In Methods in Non-Aqueous Enzymology, 52–69. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8472-3_4.

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Anthonsen, Thorleif, and Birte J. Sjursnes. "Importance of Water Activity for Enzyme Catalysis in Non-Aqueous Organic Systems." In Methods in Non-Aqueous Enzymology, 14–35. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8472-3_2.

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Sui, Xiaonan. "Monte Carlo Modelling of Non-isothermal Degradation of Two Cyanidin-Based Anthocyanins in Aqueous System at High Temperatures and its Impact on Antioxidant Capacities." In Springer Theses, 15–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2612-6_3.

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Biliaderis, C. G. "Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions of Aqueous Starch Systems." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 251–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0664-9_14.

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Azhar, A. F., A. D. Burke, J. E. DuBois, and A. M. Usmani. "Non-Aqueous Polymeric Systems (NAPS) for Diagnostic Applications." In Biotechnology and Bioactive Polymers, 177–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9519-6_17.

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Friberg, S. E., and Wei-Mei Sun. "Foam Stability in Non-Aqueous Multi-Phase Systems." In The Structure, Dynamics and Equilibrium Properties of Colloidal Systems, 529–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3746-1_34.

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Otero, Cristina, Maria L. Rúa, Carmen Cruzado, and Antonio Ballesteros. "Study of the Action of Hydrolases on Insoluble Substrates in Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Systems." In Bioorganic Chemistry in Healthcare and Technology, 241–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1354-0_22.

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Wedlock, D. J., S. D. Lubetkin, C. Edser, and S. Hawksworth. "The Form of Colloidal Crystals from Silica Latices in Non-Aqueous Dispersion." In The Structure, Dynamics and Equilibrium Properties of Colloidal Systems, 741–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3746-1_49.

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Petersen, Daria, Sami Varjo, Oliver Geschke, Marja-Liisa Riekkola, and Jörg P. Kutter. "A New Approach for Fabricating a Zero Dead Volume Electrospray Tip for Non-Aqueous Microchip CE-MS." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2002, 691–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0504-3_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Li, Yibo, Tianshuang He, Jinzhou Zhao, Xiang Lin, Lin Sun, Bing Wei, and Wanfen Pu. "Integrity Investigation of Macroscopic and Microscopic Properties of Non-Aqueous Foams for Enhanced Oil Recovery." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22922-ms.

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Abstract Foam flooding is a crucial enhanced oil recovery technique for profile control during the oil displacement process. The stability of the foam is the key factor for the success of foam flooding, but typical aqueous foams generally lose their stability in the presence of hydrocarbons because of their low oil tolerance. Non-aqueous foams possess outstanding stability in the presence of hydrocarbons as a result of their unique properties. However, few studies have been conducted on the stabilization mechanisms of non-aqueous foams in the presence of hydrocarbons. In this study, comparative experiments were performed to investigate differences in the stabilization mechanism between aqueous and non-aqueous foams. The results showed that a non-aqueous foam had excellent oil tolerance in a bulk foaming test. Then, the stabilization mechanisms of foams were investigated in terms of surface dilatational viscoelasticity and liquid film thinning. For a non-aqueous foam system, the maximum viscoelastic modulus of 55 mN/m occurred at a surfactant concentration of 5.0 wt%, which indicated that the foam was more stable. In a foam film thinning experiment, the thinning time of an aqueous foam system was shortened but the liquid film thickness was increased by crude oil, whereas crude oil increased the thinning time of a non-aqueous foam system but decreased its liquid film thickness. In a non-aqueous foam system, the film could remain stable for hours before rupturing, which indicated that its stability in the presence of an oil phase was excellent. These results are meaningful for the understanding of the stabilization mechanisms of oil-based foams and the employment of non-aqueous foams for enhanced oil recovery.
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Chimara, Godwin, Wael Amer, Stephane L'Hostis, and Philip Leslie. "Barite-Free Non-Aqueous Drill-In Fluid System Maximizes Productivity in High Temperature Wells." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204826-ms.

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Abstract Minimizing formation damage is vital for maximizing productivity when an openhole (slotted liner) completion strategy is used, and it is particularly challenging in high temperature wells with bottomhole static temperature approaching 190°C (374°F). A barite-weighted fluid system for such high temperature wells was identified as unsuitable due to lack of ability to remediate via acid treatment. This paper discusses how a customized barite-free non-aqueous drill-in fluid system was used to successfully achieve productivity objectives for three such wells. Based on reservoir and well data provided, a 1.15 to 1.20 sg (9.60 to 10.0 lbm/gal) barite-free, non-aqueous drill-in fluid system was designed using a high density calcium chloride/calcium bromide brine as the internal phase to compensate for the absence of barite as a weighting agent. An engineered acid-soluble bridging package was included to protect the reservoir from excess filtrate invasion and allow for potential remediation by acid treatment at a later stage. The fluid system was subjected to formation response testing, and the results obtained proved satisfactory, confirming the fluid system was suited for drilling the reservoir. A similar solids-free system using higher density brine as the internal phase, was also formulated. This was spotted in the open hole once drilling was completed to help eliminate any potential for solids settling before running the slotted liner. Three wells were successfully drilled and completed. The barite-free system remained stable, allowed for trouble-free fluids-handling and drilling operations, and performed as expected. To aid in minimizing fluid invasion into the reservoir, onsite particle size distribution (PSD) measurements were performed in order to optimize bridging material additions while drilling and enhance efficiency in managing the solids control system. Because of the extremely high bottomhole temperature, a mud cooler was installed to help control the flowline temperature below 60°C (140°F); this helped maintain fluid stability and preserve functionality of downhole tools in this hostile environment. The solids-free system was successfully spotted in the open hole after drilling the section before well completion. This eliminated any settling potential and reduced flowback of solids during production. The recorded productivity of these wells met expectations.
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Bai, Dongbi, Wenxue Li, Chao Wang, Yang Liu, Jiang Li, Lin Ge, Yubai Pan, and Heping Zeng. "Hybrid Fiber Amplification System Mastered by Non-aqueous Tape Casting Fabricated Yb-doped Ceramic Lasers." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2016.sf2i.3.

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Paz, Luis G., Sooi Kim Lim, Arvind Patel, Mark Luyster, and Ray Ravitz. "A 20/80 Oil/Water Ratio Non Aqueous Screen Running System Successfully Employed In Equatorial Guinea." In SPE European Formation Damage Conference & Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/165155-ms.

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Zhang, Mengqi, Yifan Xu, Kai Zhao, Jiabao Zhang, Hongze Fu, Yu Song, and Xiaolin Song. "Research and Development of Non-Destructive Testing System for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries Based on Ultrasound." In 2023 China Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac59555.2023.10451250.

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Stamer, K., M. Baltaeva, M. Orlov, and V. Wagle. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Filter Cake Breakers for Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluids." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23988-ms.

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Abstract Non-aqueous drilling fluids (NADF) have become widely used due to their ability to provide failure-free drilling in difficult conditions. During the drilling, the filter cake is being built on the wall of the borehole providing the integrity of the wellbore and preventing formation damage. However, filter cake can cause long-term bringing-in of a well and an increased value of the drawdown required for inflow stimulation. Hence, the filter cake has to be successfully removed in order to maximize the well's productivity. The goal of the research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of various formulations used for NADF filter cake removal. NADF is typically formulated using oil as a continuous phase, brine as a dispersed phase, emulsifiers, wetting agents, and gellants. Depending on the reservoir, the filter cake may have a complex structure due to the particles’ intermixing with the emulsion to create the internal and external layers. Destruction of this system is an intricate task, particularly in horizontal and multilateral wells. An effective breaker must be able to separate the mud into component phases and simultaneously dissolve the weighting agents. The design of an effective treatment requires accounting for the mud composition, formation type, downhole conditions, and type of a completion. The variety of available solutions as well as their advantages and limitations are described in this article. The results of the research demonstrate that state-of-the-art systems and technologies can be divided into several groups depending on the number of stages and the required alteration of the rock wettability. To dissolve the external filter cake built by the hydrophobic weighting materials the chelating reagents, acids or acid precursors are commonly utilized. An internal filter cake formed by the emulsion drops and emulsion blockage in the damaged zone can be removed by solvents, mutual solvents, de-emulsifiers or microemulsions. Modern eco-friendly technologies as well as multifunctional thermochemical fluids used for removing the barite filter cakes are also highlighted in the publication. It is shown that many factors affect the filter cake removal efficiency, including mud oil-water ratio, types of solids present and their concentration, salinity, and temperature. Furthermore, a preliminary assessment of breakers’ performance should be performed in a laboratory while considering the individual characteristics of each well. Although many formulations have been introduced to remove barite filter cake in NADF, the need for a low-cost, compatible, and efficient breaker still prevails. Based on the research findings, a new thoroughly selected composition of chelates, surfactants, and additional reagents as a breaker with high de-emulsifying properties, and barite-dissolving ability is expected to be developed to break down the filter cake after completion of drilling with NADF.
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Detiveaux, Joey, and Jack Stanford. "A Revolutionary Advanced Displacement System for the Challenges in the 21st Century." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210471-ms.

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Abstract Following the 2010 Macondo Prospect oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the more stringent regulations for offshore oil and gas operations required an entirely new approach to wellbore cleanout ahead of the completion phase. With all previous practices and chemistries effectively ended, the task was to develop a new, reliable, sufficiently dense, environmentally friendly, clear-brine displacement system that would address the challenges of cleaning out aqueous- and non-aqueous-based drilling fluids as well as perform in the elevated pressures and temperatures of ultra-deepwater operations in the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, and West Africa.
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Khalilov, Ruslan, Azar Salimov, Alexey Samarskiy, and Andrey Kharitonov. "Successful Application of In-Situ Time-Delayed Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluid Filter Cake Removal System Offshore Caspian Sea." In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/181939-ms.

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Nasrallah, Mena, Salvatore Spagnolo, Matteo Giubertoni, Emanuele De Bonis, Giovanni Cavagnero, and Mohamed Hafez. "Reducing Drilling Risk in Extremely Sour Formations with Novel Scavenger in a Clay Free Non-Aqueous Fluid System." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211507-ms.

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Abstract This paper discusses how an organophilic clay-free invert emulsion fluid (OCF-IEF) was customized with a fast-acting hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenger to drill a high temperature (HT) exploration well offshore UAE with high H2S concentrations. This application was the first in country to drill through a high H2S formation using an invert emulsion fluid maintaining all parameters within required specifications setting new drilling performance limits. Exploratory HT wells are associated with notable challenges requiring extensive fluid design and qualification. The additional risk of mitigating high H2S was a key consideration in the fluid design phase. A specialized H2S scavenger was selected based on its fast reaction rates proven through testing. The drilling fluid rheology profile and hydraulics were optimized for HTHP drilling conditions, with the fragile gel structure providing adequate suspension while minimizing pressures running the liner. This paper discusses the design approach to fluid customization in the planning phase and procedures followed during execution ensuring trouble-free performance managing the high H2S risk while drilling an HT Exploration well. Proper planning and execution, using best-available drilling practices, enabled drilling of this record-breaking well without encountering significant issues that could impact rig time and increase costs. The fast-acting H2S scavenger ensured no acidic gas detection on surface throughout drilling the section, confirmed through continuous Garett Gas Train (GGT) testing on site proving no traces of the acidic gases were left untreated. This fact was confirmed through pressure, volume and temperature (PVT) sampling showing the formation drilled contained 33% H2S. The section was drilled with constant background H2S and CO2 as well as hydrocarbon gas presence and was left open for 82 days with high percentages of gas at every bottoms up. Despite this, no H2S was recorded at surface. The OCF-IEF was subjected to several static periods of up to 145 hours at temperatures between 337°F and 390°F with superior fluid stability which saved on tripping time to condition the fluid prior to logging. Proper planning and risk mitigation were key in the success of this application. The OCF-IEF system proved to be a key success factor in delivering this critical interval due to the narrow clearance while running casing, preventing any surge or swab effects. The specifically designed OCF-IEF including a fast-acting H2S scavenger displayed superior performance in treating out the acidic gases compared to other scavengers on the market and brought innovation to reality, treating H2S concentrations greater than 33% v/v with no gas released on surface. Successful deployment of this technology in such a challenging environment provides confidence in planning future exploration wells.
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Inoue, Masaki, Kiyoshi Ono, Tsuna-aki Fujioka, Koji Sato, and Takeo Asaga. "Feasibility Study on Nitrogen-15 Enrichment and Recycling System for Innovative FR Cycle System With Nitride Fuel." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22622.

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Highly-isotopically-enriched nitrogen (HE-N2; 15N abundance ≥ 99.9%) is indispensable for a nitride fueled fast reactor (FR) cycle to minimize the effect of carbon-14 (14C) generated mainly by 14N(n,p)14C reaction in the core on environmental burden. Thus, the development of inexpensive 15N enrichment and recycling technology is one of the key aspects for the commercialization of a nitride fueled FR cycle. Nitrogen isotope separation by the gas adsorption technique was experimentally confirmed in order to obtain its technological perspective. A conventional pressure swing adsorption technique, which is already commercialized for recovering the nitrogen gas from multi-composition gas-mixture, would be suitable for recovering in both reprocessing and fuel fabrication to recycle the HE-N2 gas. A couple of the nitride fuel cycle system concepts including the reprocessing and fuel fabrication process flow diagrams with the HE-N2 gas recycling were newly designed for both aqueous and non-aqueous (pyrochemical) nitride fuel recycle plants, and also the effect of the HE-N2 gas recycling on the economics of each concept was evaluated.
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Reports on the topic "Non-aqueous system"

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Melby, Jeffrey, Thomas Massey, Fatima Diop, Himangshu Das, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, Victor Gonzalez, Mary Bryant, et al. Coastal Texas Protection and Restoration Feasibility Study : Coastal Texas flood risk assessment : hydrodynamic response and beach morphology. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41051.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Coastal Texas Protection and Restoration Feasibility Study coastal storm risk management (CSRM) project for the region. The project is currently in the feasibility phase. The primary goal is to develop CSRM measures that maximize national net economic development benefits. This report documents the coastal storm water level and wave hazard, including sea level rise, for a variety of flood risk management alternatives. Four beach restoration alternatives for Galveston Island and Bolivar peninsula were evaluated. Suites of synthetic tropical and historical non-tropical storms were developed and modeled. The CSTORM coupled surge-and-wave modeling system was used to accurately characterize storm circulation, water level, and wave hazards using new model meshes developed from high-resolution land and sub-aqueous surveys for with- and without-project scenarios. Beach morphology stochastic response was modeled with a Monte Carlo life-cycle simulation approach using the CSHORE morphological evolution numerical model embedded in the StormSim stochastic modeling system. Morphological and hydrodynamic response were primarily characterized with probability distributions of the number of rehabilitations and overflow.
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