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Nonn, Julia Maria [Verfasser]. "Non-viraler Gentransfer mit NanoCaPs in vitro und in vivo / Julia Maria Nonn." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1010242121/34.
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Leisch, Robert, Astrid Pennerstorfer, and Ulrike Schneider. "Aktualisierte Daten für den Non-Profit-Bereich." STATISTIK AUSTRIA, Bundesanstalt Statistik Österreich, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5754/1/Leisch_etal_VGR%2DNon%2DProfit_05_2016.pdf.
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Zwischen September 2014 und April 2015 führten Statistik Austria und das Institut für Sozialpolitik der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien nach 2006 eine zweite, auf freiwilliger Basis beruhende Befragung von 2.413 Organisationen aus dem Non-Profit-Bereich durch. Der Produktionswert des gesamten Non-Profit-Bereichs betrug für das Berichtsjahr 2013 etwas über 10,5 Mrd. EUR, die Wertschöpfung ungefähr 7,3 Mrd. EUR, und das Investitionsvolumen lag bei 813 Mio. EUR. Insgesamt waren über 234.000 Personen im Non-Profit-Bereich beschäftigt. 63% der befragten Organisationen gaben an, auch ehrenamtlich Mitarbeitende zu beschäftigen.
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Patton, David P. "Analytism in modern Russian : a study of the spread of non-agreement in noun phrases /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302881671.
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Davidson, Oliver Geoffrey. "The interpretation of noun noun compounds." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5301/.
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This thesis looks at conceptual combination, in particular it investigates how noun noun compounds are interpreted. Several themes run throughout the work. Real compounds (e.g. coat hanger, crab apple) are compared to novel ones (e.g. banjo cactus, zip violin). Also, compounds are examined in each of the possible permutations of artefacts (A) (e.g. coat, banjo) and natural kinds (N) (e.g. crab, cactus), (AA, AN, NA and NN).Experiments 1 - 4 examine noncompositionality in noun noun compounds. Possible sources of noncompositionality are investigated using both feature listing and feature rating tasks. Although some differences were found, results were similar between different types of compound, evidence of noncompositionality being found in each. The results also confirm that most of the meaning of a noun noim compound is derived from the second constituent (noun2).Experiments 5 and 6 look at two different types of compoimd interpretation - slot filling and property mapping. In experiment 5, slot filling is found to be the preferred interpretation type overall, but property mapping is more common in compounds composed of two natural kinds (NN). Experiment 6 examines possible factors influencing the choice between slot filling and property mapping interpretations. It was found that constituent similarity plays an important role, and also that this interacts with whether or not the constituents have important properties which clash. Experiment 7 looks at compound identification. Results suggest that the first constituent (nounl) may be critical in such tasks. Experiment 8 compares the importance of nounl and noun2 in determining the type of interpretation given to a compound. Neither position is found to be more influential than the other, although relational information does seem to be associated with specific nouns in each position. Throughout the thesis findings are related to current theories of conceptual combination, such as prototype models, the concept specialisation model and theories of compound interpretation by analogy.
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McPherson, Leslie M. (Leslie Margaret). "Learning the categories count noun and mass noun." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64089.
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Sandnes, Charles Holst. "Innovasjonsprosesser NOVN." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-17331.
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Utgangspunktet for masteroppgaven er National Oilwell Varco Norge (NOVN) sin visjon, som sier "Vi skal være den ledende og mest innovative leverandøren av bore-, håndteringsutstyr og tjenester til olje og gass industrien". Jeg er selv ansatt i selskapet og ønsket å se nærmere på hvilket forhold ansatte har til NOVN sin visjon. Masteroppgaven har lagt vekt på spørsmål knyttet til innovasjonsprosessen i NOVN og hvordan innovasjonsarbeid utføres i praksis. Min hypotese var at organisasjonen har for ensidig fokus på produktivitet, det vil si evnen til å levere et godt resultat i dag og at dette går på bekostning av innovasjon som kan sies å være evnen til å levere et godt resultat i fremtiden. NOVN er en stor organisasjon, og lokalisert på mange steder. For å tilegne meg kunnskap om innovasjosarbeid- og prosesser i NOVN, ble det gjennomført en rekke intervju på de fire største lokasjonene. Jeg valgte selv ut informanter, hvor jeg la vekt på at det skulle være ansatt, ledere, tillitsvalgte eller personer i posisjoner som var antatt å være viktig for NOVN sin innovasjons-evne. Undersøkelsen har gitt meg unik innsikt i hvordan lokasjonene jobber med innovasjon. I teoridelen gjennomgikk jeg teori om organisering av innovasjon. Sentralt i denne delen er definisjoner knyttet til innovasjon, hvordan innovative organisasjoner organiseres, hva som kjennetegner innovative organisasjoner, forskjellen på organisering for operasjon og innovasjon, hvordan involvere medarbeidere i innovasjon, evaluering av ideer, planlegging og oppfølgning av innovasjonsaktiviteter og hva som påvirker en organisasjons innovasjonsevne. I metode delen beskrev jeg mitt forskningsdesign, avgrenset oppgaven og beskrev detaljer rundt kvalitative intervju. Etter å ha gjennomført intervjuene satt jeg med en masse "rådata". I resultatdelene ble de viktigste funnene fra empirien presentert. Her ble det blant annet presentert hvordan ansatte forstår og forholder seg til innovasjon, hvordan innovasjonsprosessene i NOVN fungerer, hvor vi finner engasjement for innovasjon, hvordan egen innovasjon påvirkes av internt- og eksternt samarbeid og konkurranse, og til slutt hvilke framtidsperspektiv informantene mener NOVN har. Resultatene fra empirien ble analysert med utgangspunkt i teori som ble trukket fram i andre kapittel. Sentralt i denne analysen stod innovative kjennetegn, organisering av virksomheten, innovasjonsprosesser og muligheter og hindringer for NOVN. Basert på analysen så har jeg trukket konklusjon på min problemstilling og delspørsmål for masteroppgaven. Her har jeg identifisert kjennetegn på innovative organisasjoner. Hvor det kort kan sies at innovasjon ikke er noen hemmelighet, men er basert på godt lederskap, hvor tydelighet, organisasjonstruktur, nøkkelpersonell, effektivitet, medarbeiderinvolvering, kreativ kultur, samarbeid og nettverksbygging er svært viktig. Det er også identifisert en rekke kulturelle kjennetegn som alle er sentrale for å bygge en innvativ organisasjon. Hvordan en organiserer en virksomhet har stor betydning for bedriftens evne til å være innovativ. For å bygge opp en innovativ organisasjon må det organiseres og fasiliteres til støtte for de innovative kjennetegn som er identifisert. Det ble også identifisert at innovasjonsaktiviteter må organiseres på en speseill måte og det må være en del av den daglige aktivitet i en bedrift. Til slutt ble det konkludert med at NOVN har store muligheter for å kunne være innovativ i framtiden, med det er en del hindringer som det må finnes en løsning for. Jeg avslutter masteroppgaven med anbefalinger til bedriften for videre arbeid. Essensen her er at NOVN bør etabler et eget prosjekt eller iniativ som tar utgangspunkt i de organisatoriske og kulturelle kjennetegnene som er identifisert. NOVN må gjøre noen valg, bestemme retning og deretter fasilitere og organisere bedriften slik at de underliggende kravene som følger de identifiserte kjennetegnene løses. NOVN har ingen absolutte hindringer, men mange muligheter.
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Chau, Ching-shui Water. "The development of concrete noun and abstract noun definition." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36207743.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2001."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 4, 2001." Also available in print.
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Bell, Melanie Jean. "The English noun noun construct : its prosody and structure." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607768.
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Fox, Joshua. "Semitic noun patterns /." Winona Lake (Ind.) : Eisenbrauns, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb390798651.
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Al-Muhannah, Amin. "Scientific and technological terms transfer into Arabic : a corpus-based study of Arabic Noun+Noun and Noun+Adjective compounds." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498617.
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Amblard, Pierre-Olivier. "Statistiques d'ordre supérieur pour les signaux non gaussiens, non linéaires, non stationnaires." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0002.
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Durant les trente dernieres annees, trois hypotheses fondamentales geraient les theories developpees en traitement du signal: gaussiannite, linearite et stationnarite. Le bien fonde de ces proprietes est verifie dans bon nombre d'applications reelles. Toutefois, certaines situations ne peuvent etre etudiees en utilisant ces proprietes, et toutes ou partie doivent etre ecartees. Ce memoire a pour objet l'etude d'outils adaptes pour la description des signaux non gaussiens, non lineaires et/ou non stationnaires. Dans un premier temps, l'hypothese de gaussiannite est levee, et les statistiques d'ordre superieur a deux pour les signaux non gaussiens a valeurs complexes sont introduites. Nous etudions tout particulierement l'influence de la stationnarite sur ces outils pour arriver aux definitions des multicorrelations et multispectres. Comme non-gaussiannite et non-linearite sont liees, nous etudions ensuite une classe particuliere de systemes non lineaires: les filtres de volterra. Leurs definitions en temps et frequence continus sont rappelees avant de presenter la definition et l'implantation de leurs versions discretes. L'identification de ces systemes en moyenne quadratique est alors appliquee a la methode de soustraction de bruit, etude validee sur des signaux issus d'une experience reelle. Enfin, pour pouvoir traiter des signaux non gaussiens non stationnaires, nous presentons la theorie des representations temps-frequence d'ordre superieur a deux. Cette theorie, developpee d'une facon deductive pour les signaux deterministes, est etendue aux signaux aleatoires. Des discussions sur la complexite des outils obtenus sont menees, et une application a la detection de signaux transitoires est proposee
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Arcara, Giorgio. "NEURAL CORRELATES OF MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSING: THE CASE OF ITALIAN NOUN-NOUN COMPOUNDS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426958.
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Noun-Noun compounding is a particular case in Italian morphology. Its peculiarity resides mostly on the ambiguity of head position. Generally, in a given language, the head of a compound (the word of the compound that determines semantic, syntactic and lexical feature of the whole compounds) is always in the same position. However Italian compounds can be both right and left headed.
How the cognitive system faces this ambiguity? How words with different headedness are represented in the lexicon? When information about head position is accessed? How the information about headedness is encoded?
Two psychophysiological studies and two neuropsychological studies have been carried out in order to answer to these questions.
Results from all Experiments suggest that Headedness is indeed a feature that plays an important role in compound processing. Head can be seen as property that in the lexicon emerges from complex interaction of lexical, morpho-semantic and morpho-syntactic features. Through the activation of this information, the cognitive system is able to accomplish the task of dealing with compound with different head position.I composti Nome-Nome rappresentano un caso particolare nella morfologia Italiana. La loro peculiarità risiede soprattutto nell'ambiguità associata alla posizione della testa. In genere in una lingua, la testa di un composto (la parola del composto che determina principalmente le caratteristiche semantiche, sitattiche e lessicale del composto intero) è sempre in una determinata posizione. I composti Italiani possono avere la testa sia a destra che a sinistra. Come viene affrontata questa ambiguità? Come le parole con testa in differenti posizioni sono rappresentate nel lessico. Quanto avviene l’accesso alle informazioni sulla testa? Come è codificata l’informazione sulla testa? Due esperimenti di neuropsicologia e due esperimenti di psicofisiologia sono stati condotti con l’obiettivo di rispondere a queste domande. I risultati degli esperimenti suggeriscono che la testa è una caratteristica con un ruolo fondamentale nell’elaborazione lessicale. La testa può essere considerata come una proprietà che emerge dall’interazione di aspetti lessicali, morfo-sintattici e morfo-semantici. Grazie all’attivazione di queste informazioni il sistema cognitivo è in grado di elaborare stimoli con testa in posizioni differenti.
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Fontenot, Anthony. "Non-Design and the Non-Planned City." Thesis, Princeton University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3597482.
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This study seeks to understand the larger cultural context that gave rise to what is referred to as "non-design," a term designated to denote a particular aesthetic that is characterized by a suspicion of, and/or rejection of, "conscious" design, while embracing various phenomenon that emerge without "intention" or "deliberate human design." The study traces the phenomenon of "non-design" in British and American design culture of the postwar period. The author argues that following Friedrich von Hayek's theories of the "undesigned" nature of social institutions and his concept of a "spontaneous order" of the 1940s, non-design first emerged in design discourse and practice in the early 1950s in England, particularly in the work of certain members of the Independent Group, and by the mid-1960s it gained currency in the United States in the architectural and urban theories of Charles Moore, Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, and particularly in Reyner Banham's writing on American urbanism. While rarely made explicit, this dissertation argues that the concept of non-design played an important role in design and urban debates of the postwar period.
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Schittenkopf, Christian, Georg Dorffner, and Engelbert J. Dockner. "Non-linear versus non-gaussian volatility models." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/724/1/document.pdf.
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One of the most challenging topics in financial time series analysis is the modeling of conditional variances of asset returns. Although conditional variances are not directly observable there are numerous approaches in the literature to overcome this problem and to predict volatilities on the basis of historical asset returns. The most prominent approach is the class of GARCH models where conditional variances are governed by a linear autoregressive process of past squared returns and variances. Recent research in this field, however, has focused on modeling asymmetries of conditional variances by means of non-linear models. While there is evidence that such an approach improves the fit to empirical asset returns, most non-linear specifications assume conditional normal distributions and ignore the importance of alternative models. Concentrating on the distributional assumptions is, however, essential since asset returns are characterized by excess kurtosis and hence fat tails that cannot be explained by models with suffcient heteroskedasticity. In this paper we take up the issue of returns' distributions and contrast it with the specification of non-linear GARCH models. We use daily returns for the Dow Jones Industrial Average over a large period of time and evaluate the predictive power of different linear and non-linear volatility specifications under alternative distributional assumptions. Our empirical analysis suggests that while non-linearities do play a role in explaining the dynamics of conditional variances, the predictive power of the models does also depend on the distributional assumptions. (author's abstract)Series: Report Series SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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Villa, Maria Cristina. "L'Italia non vede, non sente, non parla? il cinema italiano della deportazione razziale /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1362521431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2006.Vita. Filmografia generale sul cinema della deportazione razziale-- fiction (leaves 470-481). Filmografia del cinema italiano della deportazione razziale (leaves 482-490). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 491-510).
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Arnaoudova, Olga. "The Bulgarian noun phrase." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9884.
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Ó, Séaghdha Diarmuid Donncha. "Learning compound noun semantics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611452.
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Scherschel, Ricarda [Verfasser], and Erich [Akademischer Betreuer] Poppe. "Non-finite Subordination Strategies in Middle Welsh - A Corpus-Based Study of Preposition or Particle yn and the Verbal Noun / Ricarda Scherschel ; Betreuer: Erich Poppe." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228535736/34.
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McDermott, Elizabeth Clare. "Non-social teaching for non-social learners: a non-social and non-interactive verb-learning paradigm for children with ASD." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21216.
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Thesis (M.S.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Children with ASD suffer from language deficits that are in part due to impaired social abilities. In the current study, we test a non-social and noninteractive method for teaching word meanings. If successful, this technique will expand the ways we teach early vocabulary that would shape intervention and improve the quality of life and the future prospects of children with ASD. First, the participants (ages 26.09 - 47.37) listen to a series of transitive or intransitive sentences while watching an unrelated silent animation. These sentence types carry different meanings; transitive verbs describe causative actions, and intransitive verbs describe synchronous actions. Then they are asked to map the verb to meaning by finding the relevant action out of two candidate scenes. We analyze the children’s direction of gaze. The results revealed that children with ASD in this sample who heard transitive sentences in maximally non-social and non-interactive contexts did not show a significant preference for the causative scene in either test condition. Additional data will reveal whether children with ASD can learn from non-social presentation of novel words if given multiple exposures to the test scenes. This work will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying word learning in children with ASD and, if successful, provide the foundation for research into a new kind of non-social intervention that capitalizes on these children’s strengths.
2031-01-01
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Arenas, Juan José, Cristina Carrasco, Jihyun Kim, Jose Ramírez, Maria José Salas, Francisca Valdés, and Valentina Varela. "Frankenwords: a cognitive perspective on the interpretation of NOUN-NOUN compounds in English." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143386.
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Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura InglesaNOUN - NOUN compounds have been extensively studied in the past, not only for the reason that they possess a remarkable degree of diversity regarding semantic relationships between their constituents but also because of their complexity as composite structures (Benczes, 2006). In the following study, we intend to delve into English NOUN - NOUN compounds from a cognitive constructional perspective, specifically regarding their form and the emergent structure they create. Previous cognitive linguistic attempts at addressing compounding have yielded a typology based on the occurrence of metaphoric and metonymic extension. Nevertheless, this typology could be improved by addressing heretofore unaddressed vexing matters regarding the complexity of the inner workings of compounding. Hence, we will inquire into NOUN - NOUN compounds as an interpretative result of a blending process, decomposing creativity into observable factors, such as the prototypicality of the components of the compound, their grammatical arrangement, the semantic distance between them, as well as the schematicity of their blending’s generic space. Hence, we will analyse NOUN - NOUN compounds exploring factors such as prototypicality, blending processes, syntactic structure, semantic distance and schematicity of generic space, to see how these factors affect the creation of compounds, the generic space, and the interpretation of the resulting compound. To do this, we selected nouns drawn from 7 superordinate semantic categories, each one with 3 basic level members that were run through the NOW corpus and the online dictionary WordSpy in order to obtain compounds at the subordinate level of a semantic hierarchy. The compounds of each category were then analysed regarding the aforementioned factors in order to reach an intra-categorical and inter-categorical analysis of NOUN - NOUN creative compounding that re-addresses creativity in terms of these factors.
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Welnetz, Katie. "Non-response and non-respondents in survey research." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/NQ41600.pdf.
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Moran, Fidelma. "Non-invasive ventilation in non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445062.
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Delbourgo, Daniel. "Non-Archimedean L-series at non-ordinary primes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627094.
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Adigwe, Obi Peter. "Non-medical prescribing in chronic non-malignant pain." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12675/.
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Introduction: Chronic non-malignant pain poses considerable risk to patients and the health service but its management is still inadequate. The introduction of prescribing for nurses and pharmacists suggests that non-medical prescribing can improve some important aspects of healthcare services. Aim: To provide new insights and theory regarding how nurses and pharmacists prescribe for chronic pain, together with how the service is perceived by chronic pain patients and to uncover barriers and facilitators encountered when this group is prescribed for. Method: A mixed methods strategy was employed in this study. A grounded theory approach was used to collect data from non-medical prescribers and patients. Non-medical prescribes were then surveyed to confirm the emerging theory and determine barriers and facilitators. Findings: The theory ‘safety and support within the prescribing environment’ explains the relationship that non-medical prescribers have with colleagues, patients and other factors in their prescribing environment in their prescribing for chronic pain. Non-medical prescribers are motivated by various factors and may adopt an innovative or conservative approach in their prescribing. Nurses were more likely to engage in informal mentoring relationships, but were limited by their lack of medication knowledge. Pharmacists were limited by a lack of experience with patients, inaccessibility to formal CPD in paid work time and the threats introduced by concerns around ‘second checking'. Chronic pain patients had strategies to maintain relationships with their prescribers and this relationship influenced the likelihood of considering other measures to cope with their pain. Conclusion: Nurses and pharmacists who qualified as prescribers would be more likely to prescribe for chronic pain if they perceived certain essential elements in their prescribing environment. This theory can facilitate assessment of non-medical prescribers’ support, involvement of patients and the development of resources to encourage prescribing.
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Labat, David. "Non-linéarité et non stationnarité en hydrologie karstique." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT043H.
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Nous nous intéressons dans cette étude à l'analyse du fonctionnement de bassins fortement hétérogènes présentant un réseau souterrain important. Ces bassins dits "karstiques" possèdent de grandes réserves d'eaux de très grande qualité mais demeurent cependant dans la plupart des cas peu ou mal exploités. Cette étude vise principalement à mettre en évidence les principales difficultés de la modélisation de ces bassins hétérogènes et à proposer de nouvelles méthodes d'analyses et de simulations de pluies et de débits de sources. Ces techniques sont ensuite validées sur des données mesurées sur quatre systèmes karstiques des Pyrénées (Ariège) et douze zones situées dans les Causses du Larzac sont analysés dans cette étude. Les séries de pluies et de débits ont été enregistrées à divers pas d'échantillonnage, depuis le pas journalier (sur des périodes de trente ans) jusqu'au pas semi-horaire (sur des périodes de un an environ). Dans une première partie, ce travail a consisté à analyser et mettre en évidence les limitations des modèles de type "boîte noire" dans l'étude de la relation pluie-débits. Ainsi, un modèle linéaire et stationnaire de convolution est proposé et utilisé en identification et simulation. Il est alors mis en évidence que ce modèle statique linéaire ne permet pas de reproduire les évènements extrêmes (crues et étiages). Pour ces raisons, un modèle non linéaire de type Volterra est proposé. Dans une deuxième partie, la non-stationnarité des signaux pluies et débits est mise en évidence par l'introduction d'un nouvel outil d'analyse : l'analyse en ondelettes. Cette transformation permet d'obtenir une vision "temps-échelle" des phénomènes hydrologiques. Celle-ci se décompose en deux méthodes principales : l'analyse en ondelettes continue et l'analyse multirésolution. Une interprétation statistique de ces coefficients en ondelettes est aussi proposé avec l'introduction du spectre global en ondelettes, simple et croisé. L'introduction de ces nouvelles techniques a notamment permis de proposer des interprétations plus fines de la relation pluie-débits. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence des échelles temporelles caractéristiques dans le fonctionnement de ces systèmes. Dans une dernière partie, deux autres techniques sont introduites afin de préciser le comportement des systèmes karstiques en fonction de ces échelles caractéristiques. Ce sont l'analyse fractale et l'analyse multifractale. Tous les résultats obtenus doivent maintenant être introduits dans les modèles de simulation.
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Zhou, Jianying. "Non-repudiation." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286077.
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GUALTIERI, MARTINA MARIA MACARENA. "Non Recognition." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241155.
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Il non riconoscimento nel diritto internazionale il non riconoscimento presenta diverse questioni che devono essere risolte sia alla luce della sua natura, sia del suo contenuto sia dei suoi effetti. La prassi internazionali offre diversi esempi di non riconoscimento. Il presente lavoro cerca di dare ordine a questa varietà di casi cercando di capire come un’analisi di caso in caso sia l’approccio migliore per riaffermare l’importanza del non riconoscimento. Il fatto che esso presenti un contenuto diverso in base alla situazione non determina la sua non importanza. Esso anzi è uno strumento imprescindibile per garantire la tenuta dell’ordine internazionale.Non-recognition in international law presents several questions that need to be resolved both in the light of its nature, its content and its effects. International practice offers several examples of non-recognition. The present work tries to give order to this variety of cases trying to understand how a case by case analysis is the best approach to reaffirm the importance of non-recognition. The fact that it presents a different content according to the situation which is the object of non-recognition does not determine its irrelevance. In fact, it turns out to be an indispensable tool to guarantee the preservation of the international order.
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Fosséprez, Marc Fosseprez Marc. "Topologie et comportement des circuits non linéaires non réciproques /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=730.
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Ben, Mahjoub Otman. "Non-local dynamics and intermittency in non-homogeneous flows." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6572.
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.La tesi analitza les dinàmiques no locals i la intermitència en fluids no homogenis i no isotròpics tant en experiments de laboratori com en dades geogràfiques. Després de l'estudi sobre els models que descriuen la intermitència en fluids homogenis i isotròpics, presentem un model per fluids no homogenis i no isotropics. El model es basa en l'anàlisi de la jerarquia de transmissió d'energia. S'utilitza la tècnica de la Extended Self Similarity amb l'objectiu d'estudiar l'escala de lleis de les funcions estructurals de velocitat. Els resultats experimentals de tres tipus de fluids que s'han comparat amb el model per fluids no homogenis i no isotròpics són els següents: turbulència generada per un cilindre en un canal de vent i turbulència generada per una reixa i per un jet en un canal d'aigua. S'analitza la turbulència geogràfica del Delta de l'Ebre i del Knebel Vig i els resultats són comparats amb els del model anteriorment esmentat. La contribució principal és el descobriment d'un paràmetre aparentment relacionat amb la jerarquia de transmissió d'energia en el rang inercial que juga un paper clau en la comprensió de les dinàmiques dels fluids no homogenis.
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The thesis analyze the non-local dynamics and intermittency in non-homogeneous and non-isotropic flows both in the laboratory experiments and geophysical data. After a review on models describing intermittency in homogeneous and isotropic flows, a different model for non-homogeneous and non-isotropic flows is introduced. A model is based on the analysis of the energy transfer hierarchy. The technique of Extended Self Similarity is used to study the scaling laws of the velocity structure functions. Experimental results of three type of flows cylinder wake turbulence in wind tunnel, grid and jet turbulence in water channel are presented and compared with the model. The geophysical turbulence in the Ebro Delta and Knebel Vig are analyzed and the results are compared with the model. The important contribution is the discovery of a new apparently parameter related to the energy transfer hierarchy in the inertial range which plays a key role in the understanding of the dynamics of the non-homogeneous flows.
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Castellví, Fernández Quim. "Non-focal non-thermal electrical methods for cancer treatment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/586217.
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Most physical ablation modalities for cancer treatment are focal and are based on thermal damage. Despite their regular clinical use as an alternative to surgical resection, their thermal principle of operation entails risks regarding the preservation of neighboring vital structures, such as large vessels, critical ducts or nerves. In addition, being focal, their use is unpractical in cases where multiple nodules are present or tumors are difficult to reach with the applicators.
This thesis explores non-thermal electrical treatments which can be applied in a non-focal manner. Two treatments have been investigated: the first treatment, proposed by others a few years ago, is based on the permanent application of low magnitude alternating electric fields through surface electrodes. Here, this treatment has been in vivo studied to evaluate its efficacy as well as to discern whether it is non-thermally mediated. The second electrical treatment is based on the electroporation phenomenon and targets liver tumor nodules.
Electroporation-based therapies employ brief high magnitude electric fields. These pulsed fields, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs, are able to kill cells by increasing their membrane permeability. Current electroporation-based therapies for internal tumors are local and are delivered through needle-shaped electrodes. Rather than using needle electrodes to treat liver tumors, here it is explored a novel treatment in which large plate electrodes are used to deliver the field across the whole liver in a non local fashion. The treatment aims at simultaneously destroying all tumors while preserving healthy tissue. Its efficacy is based on selectively enhancing the electric field over the tumors by infusing a solution with high electrical conductivity.
The proposed treatment for liver tumors requires a high performance generator which is not currently available. The work presented here includes the design of a new generator topology able to fulfill the requirements.La majoria del mètodes físics d'ablació tumoral es basen en produir dany tèrmic de manera focalitzada. Tot i ser considerats una alternativa habitual a la resecció quirúrgica, el principi tèrmic de funcionament, comporta un risc per la preservació d'estructures vitals adjacents a la zona de tractament, tals com grans vasos o nervis. A més, el fet de ser focals, fa impracticable la seva aplicació en cas de múltiples nòduls o tumors de difícil accés. Aquesta tesi explora tractaments elèctrics no basats en temperatura, capaços de ser aplicats de manera no focal. S'han investigat dos tractaments: El primer, proposat per altres fa pocs anys, està basat en aplicar permanentment camps elèctrics alterns de baixa magnitud a través d'elèctrodes superficials. Aquí, aquest tractament s'ha estudiat in vivo tant per avaluar la seva eficàcia com per discernir si aquesta resideix en la temperatura. El segon tractament es basa en el fenomen d'electroporació i persegueix el tractament de nòduls hepàtics. En els tractaments basats en electroporació, s’apliquen breus camps elèctrics de gran magnitud per tal de permeabilitzar la membrana cel·lular. Això permet la penetració d’agents quimioterapèutics o produeix directament la mort cel·lular. En lloc d'utilitzar, com és habitual, agulles per tal d'aplicar el tractament, aquí s'explora tractar tot el fetge de forma no localitzada, fent servir grans elèctrodes plans i paral·lels. Utilitzant solucions d'alta conductivitat elèctrica, es pretén magnificar selectivament el camp elèctric sobre els tumors, sent així capaços de destruir tots els tumors i alhora preservar el teixit sà. El tractament proposat per els tumors hepàtics, requereix d'un equip generador actualment no disponible. El presentat treball inclou el disseny d'una nova topologia de generadors capaç de complir amb els requisits.
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Torres, Ledesma César Enrique. "Non linear ellipter equations with non-local regional operators." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115927.
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Doctor en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Mención Modelación MatemáticaEsta tesis consiste de cinco partes. En la primera parte se considera el problema de Dirichlet lineal y no lineal con una difusi\'on no local regional definido implicitamente por \!\!donde $0< \alpha < 1$, $\rho \in C(\overline)$ y $\lambda dist(x,\partial \Omega) \leq \rho (x) \leq dist(x, \partial \Omega)$ con $\lambda \in (0,1]$, $x\in \Omega$. Haciendo uso del teorema de Lax-Milgran y el Teorema del paso de la monta\~na se demuestra la existencia de soluciones d\'ebiles. En la segunda parte, se considera la ecuaci\'on de Schr\"odinger no lineal con difusi\'on no local regional {\small \begin{eqnarray}\label{Aeq04-} \epsilon^{2\alpha} (-\Delta)_{\rho}^{\alpha}u + u = f(u) \quad \mbox{in}\quad \mathbb{R}^{n},\quad u \in H^{\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^{n}), \end{eqnarray}} \!\!donde $0< \alpha <1$, $\epsilon>0$, $n\geq 2$ y $f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ es super-lineal y tiene un crecimiento sub-critico. El operador $(-\Delta)_{\rho}^{\alpha}$ es el laplaciano no local regional, con rango de alcance determinado por una funci\'on positiva $\rho \in C(\mathbb{R}^{n}, \mathbb{R}^{+})$ y definido por {\small \begin{eqnarray}\label{Aeq05-} \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}} \!\!\!\!(-\Delta)_{\rho}^{\alpha} uvdx = \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\!\!\int_{B(0,\rho (x))} \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\frac{[u(x+z) - u(x)][v(x+z) - v(x)]}{|z|^{n+2\alpha}}dzdx. \end{eqnarray}} \!\!Se prueba la existencia de soluci\'on d\'ebil para (\ref{Aeq04-}) aplicando el Teorema del paso de la monta\~na al funcional $I_{\rho}$ definido en $H_{\rho}^{\alpha}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$, combinado con un argumento de comparaci\'on creado por Rabinowitz. El objetivo principal de la tercera parte es estudiar el comportamiento de concentraci\'on de la soluci\'on d\'ebil de la ecuaci\'on (\ref{Aeq04-}) con $f(s) = s^{p}$, cuando $\epsilon \to 0$. En la cuarta parte se estudia el resultado de simetr\'ia para las soluciones ground state de (\ref{Aeq04-}). Para tal prop\'osito, se combina los rearreglos de funciones con los m\'etodos variacionales. Finalmente, se considera un sistema Hamiltoniano fraccionario {\small \begin{eqnarray}\label{Aeq08-} _{t}D_{\infty}^{\alpha}(_{-\infty}D_{t}^{\alpha}u(t)) + L(t)u(t) = & \nabla W(t,u(t)) \end{eqnarray}} \!\!donde $\alpha \in (1/2,1)$, $t\in \mathbb{R}$, $u\in \mathbb{R}^{n}$, $L\in C(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R}^{n\times n})$ es una matriz sim\'etrica positiva definida para todo $t\in \mathbb{R}$, $W\in C^{1}(\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^{n}, \mathbb{R})$ y $\nabla W (t,u)$ es el gradiente de $W$ en $u$. Se demuestra que (\ref{Aeq08-}) posee al menos una soluci\'on no trivial via el Teorema del paso de la monta\~na.
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Nabti, Abderrazak. "Non linear, non-local evolution equations : theory and application." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS032.
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Cette thèse concerne l’étude qualitative (existence locale, existence globale, explosion en temps fini) de quelques équations de Schrödinger non-linéaires non-locales. Dans le cas où les solutions explosent en temps fini, l’estimation du temps maximal d’existence des solutions sera présentée. Le chapitre 1 concerne l’étude d’une équation de Schrödinger non-linéaire sur RN. On s’intéresse à l’existence locale d’une solution pour toute condition initiale donnée dans L2(RN). De plus, on montre que la norme-L2 de la solution explose en temps fini T < 1. Les démonstrations reposent essentiellement sur le théorème de point fixe de Banach et les estimations de Strichartz, et aussi sur le choix convenable de la fonction test dans la formulation faible du problème. Dans le chapitre 2, on considère une équation de Schrödinger non-linéaire non-locale en temps, et on démontre que les solutions de notre problème explosent en temps fini ; ensuite on obtient des conditions nécessaires d’existence globale. Finalement, on obtient une borne inférieure du temps maximal d’existence de la solution. Le chapitre 3 porte sur la non-existence de solutions d’une équation de Schrödinger non-linéaire posée dans RN. Dans un premier temps, sous certaines conditions sur la donnée initiale, on montre qu’il n’existe pas de solution faible globale ; puis on donne une estimation du temps maximal d’existence de la solution. Enfin, on établit des conditions d’existence locale, ou globale de l’équation considérée. En plus, on généralise les résultats précédents au cas d’un système 2 _ 2. Le dernier chapitre traite une équation de Schrödinger non-linéaire non-locale en temps sur le groupe de Heisenberg H. En utilisant la méthode de la fonction test, on démontre que l’équation n’admet pas de solution faible globale. De plus, on obtient, sous certaines conditions sur les données initiales, une estimation inférieure du temps maximal d’existence de la solutionOur objective in this thesis is to study the existence of local solutions, existence global and blow up of solutions at a finite time to some nonlinear nonlocal Schrödinger equations. In the case when a solution blows-up at a finite time T < 1, we obtain an upper estimate of the life span of solutions. In the first chapter, we consider a nonlinear Schrödinger equation on RN. We first prove local existence of solution for any initial condition in L2 space. Then we prove nonexistence of a nontrivial global weak solution. Furthermore, we prove that the L2-norm of the local intime L2-solution blows up at a finite time. The second chapter is dedicated to study an initial value problem for the nonlocal intime nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Using the test function method, we derive a blow-up result. Then based on integral inequalities, we estimate the life span of blowing-up solutions. In the chapter 3, we prove nonexistence result of a space higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Then, we obtain an upper bound of the life span of solutions. Furthermore, the necessary conditions for the existence of local or global solutions are provided. Next, we extend our results to the 2 _ 2-system. Our method of proof rests on a judicious choice of the test function in the weak formulation of the equation. Finally, we consider a nonlinear nonlocal in time Schrödinger equation on the Heisenberg group. We prove nonexistence of non-trivial global weak solution of our problem. Furthermore, we give an upper bound of the life span of blowing up solutions
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Deser, Andreas. "Lie algebroids, non-associative structures and non-geometric fluxes." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-160487.
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In the first part of this thesis, basic mathematical and physical concepts are introduced. The notion of a Lie algebroid is reviewed in detail and we explain the generalization of differential geometric structures when the tangent bundle is replaced by a Lie algebroid. In addition, Lie bi-algebroids and Courant algebroids are defined. This branch of mathematics finds its application in deformation quantization, which in string theory is the dynamics of open strings in the presence of a background B-field. We explain how the Moyal-Weyl star product arises for constant background fields and how this can be generalized to arbitrary backgrounds and non-associative products. Non-commutative or even non-associative spaces are expected to play a role also in closed string theory: Starting with a compactification on toroidal backgrounds with non-trivial H-flux, T-duality leads on the one hand to configurations with geometric f-flux, but on the other hand to spaces which are only locally geometric in case of Q-flux, or even non-commutative or non-associative in case of the R-flux. We describe the action of T-duality in detail and review the motivation and structure of non-geometric fluxes. It will turn out, that in the local description of non-geometric backgrounds, a bi-vector $\beta$ is more appropriate than the original B-field.
Based on these foundations, we will describe our results in the second part. On the world-sheet level, we will analyse closed string theory with flat background and constant H-flux. The correct choice of left- and right-moving currents allows for a conformal field theory description of this background up to linear order in the H-flux. It is possible to define tachyon vertex operators and T-duality is implemented as a simple reflection of the right-moving sector. In analogy to the open string case, correlation functions allow to extract information on the algebra of observables on the target space. We observe a non-vanishing three-coordinate correlator and after the application of an odd number of T-dualities, we are able to extract a three-product which has a structure similar to the Moyal-Weyl product.
We then focus on the target space and the local structure of the H-,f-,Q- and R-fluxes. An algebra based on vector fields is proposed, whose structure functions are given by the fluxes and Jacobi-identities allow for the computation of Bianchi-identities. Based on the latter, we give a proof for a special Courant algebroid structure on the generalized tangent bundle $TM \oplus T^*M$, where the fluxes are realized by the commutation relations of a basis of sections.
As was reviewed in the first part of this work, in the description of non-geometric Q- and R-fluxes, the B-field gets replaced by a bi-vector $\beta$, which is supposed to serve as the dual object to B under T-duality. A natural question is about the existence of a differential geometric framework allowing the construction of actions manifestly invariant under coordinate- and gauge transformations, which couple the $\beta$-field to gravity. It turns out that we have to use the language of Lie algebroids to extend differential geometry from the tangent bundle of the target space to its cotangent bundle, equipped with a twisted version of the Koszul-Schouten bracket, to answer this question positively. This construction enables us to formulate covariant derivatives, torsion, curvature and gauge symmetries and culminates in an Einstein-Hilbert action for the metric and $\beta$-field. We observe that this action is related to standard bosonic low energy string theory by a field redefinition, which was discovered by Seiberg and Witten and which we described in detail in the first part. Furthermore it turns out, that the whole construction can be extended to higher order corrections in $\alpha'$ and to the type IIA superstring.
We conclude by giving an outlook on future directions. After clarifying the relation of Lie algebroids to non-geometry, we speculate about the application of Lie algebroid constructions to supersymmetry and the extension to the case of Filippov three-algebroids, which could play a role in M-theory.
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Billson, Duncan Robert. "Advanced non-contacting ultrasonic techniques for non-destructive testing." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1994. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/107577/.
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This thesis describes research towards the development of ultrasonic methods to test samples that are difficult to test using conventional techniques, with particular emphasis being given to non-contacting methods. The samples investigated in detail were adhesively bonded structures and zircalloy (a zirconium-niobium alloy). The adhesively bonded structures were investigated ultrasonically using an ultrasonic resonance technique (referred to as ultrasonic spectroscopy) to analyse suitable ultrasonic waveforms. This thesis starts by explaining a new approach to ultrasonic spectroscopy, and then describes a number of transduction techniques (both contacting and non-contacting) that were devised to obtain waveforms suitable for spectroscopic analysis. These including conventional piezoelectric transducers, laser generation of ultrasound, EMAT reception of ultrasound, and a novel couplant-free transducer. Tests were undertaken on a variety of samples under a number of different conditions, with the experimental results comparing well with those predicted by theory. Zircalloy was investigated next in an effort to evaluate non-destructively the concentration of hydride in the alloy. This was performed using velocity-temperature measurements (at temperatures up to 500°C) for both shear and longitudinal waves, and by dilatometry (thermal expansion) measurements. Both sets of tests successfully determined the hydride concentrations of test samples. A separate chapter is devoted to the description of some of the novel transducers developed during the course of this research, including a couplant-free transducer, and several transducers for airborne ultrasound. These transducers were found to operate well, the couplant-free transducer being particularly successful (subsequently finding a number of industrial applications). The final experimental chapter describes the building of both a photoelastic, and a schlieren rig that were used to visualise ultrasound, with the intention of giving an insight into some of the ultrasonic phenomena that were associated with the rest of the work. The results obtained were invaluable in analysing the results from previous chapters.
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de, Cabo Portugal Sebastian. "Non Visuals : Material exploration of non-visual interaction design." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182466.
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Design is all about visuals, or that is what I have found out during this thesis, from the process materials to the outcome our main entry point to any problem is how will we solve it visually so it’s understandable for the general user. This aspect is problematic in itself due to the fact that we, as humans, understand the world and the things around using all our senses continuously, even though we can forget as visuals are so overpowering. There is a huge opportunity area in exploring our other senses and bringing them back to technology, and this can be seen in works in the past like Tangible Interactions [1] or Natural User Interfaces [2]. But in this moment in time, where all these new technologies like VR/AR and IoT are about to enter our lives and change them forever, this topic is more important than ever. We have already seen what happens when we turn humans into mere machines with some fingers as interactive inputs, and barely any senses to process all the information given to us. Now that these technologies are still young and malleable, we can direct the future to where we want it instead of being guided by the technology itself. To do this we need to reimagine the design process, not reinvent the wheel, but add experts which we currently leave behind and I argue are key to unlock these technologies, experts not only of the technological side of things but on the human side too, like physiotherapists and dancers. Add also people who we never think about when we think of VR like visually impaired users, which could make these technologies inclusive since early on, instead of as an afterthought like we usually do. Not only people, but we also need to add new materials to understand how we use our senses and explore ways that we can understand and explore them differently; like bodystorming and improv theatre because when things aren’t visual, how do you sketch it? A sketch turns into a video about movement. The end result provides a wide breadth of examples of the types of innovations that can come out of using these new design materials, and to open new frontiers. From a VR game with no visuals whatsoever to an AR location based story game, to a home sized multimodal operating system containing several different apps controlled through physical movement. The examples open up the space instead of closing into a single solution. This is just the tip of the iceberg, a hope that others will be inspired by it and continue with this journey that has just started, to guide the future into one that is more technological and at the same time more human than ever before. What we know is that VR does not equate Visual Reality.
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Benitez, Federico. "Non Perturbative Renormalization Group : from equilibrium to non-equilibrium." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066009.
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Un grand nombre de problèmes ouverts parmi les plus importants en mécanique statistique sont liés aux systèmes hors de l'équilibre thermique. Dans ce travail, nous utilisons des méthodes de théorie de champs pour étudier certains de ces systèmes. Pour ce faire, nous introduisons une représentation de type théorie de champs pour les systèmes d'intérêt, ainsi que le formalisme spécifique utilisé partout dans ce travail, le groupe de renormalisation non perturbatif (NPRG). Ce formalisme a émergé dans les dernières années comme un moyen très efficace pour étudier les systèmes fortement corrélés, et il a été appliqué avec succès à certains problèmes dans et hors de l'équilibre thermique. Avant de traiter les systèmes qui nous intéressent, nous développons de nouveaux outils et méthodes dans le cadre du NPRG, et nous les testons dans le cas relativement simple d'une théorie de champ scalaire, appartenant à la classe d'universalité d'Ising. Celui ci nous permet d'obtenir la fonction d'échelle du modèle d'Ising en d = 3, sans avoir à fixer aucun paramètre libre. En outre, afin de faire face de manière efficace à la physique des systèmes hors d'équilibre, nous étudions en détail certains aspects formels de leur passage à une représentation de type théorie des champs, ainsi que les équivalences entre les différentes voies possibles pour mettre en oeuvre ce passage. Après ces préliminaires, nous nous concentrons sur les transitions de phase hors d'équilibre dans des systèmes de réaction-diffusion, et en particulier dans la sous-classe connue sous le nom de marches aléatoires avec branchement et annihilation (BARW). Parmi d'autres résultats, nous utilisons le NPRG pour trouver une solution exacte pour un des cas les plus simples de système de réaction-diffusion, connu comme l'annihilation pure. Avec cette solution, nous analysons certaines propriétés des systèmes BARW à bas taux de branchement, en utilisant un développement autour de l'annihilation pure. Ce développement perturbatif, qui est réalisé autour d'un modèle non trivial, nous permet de trouver des résultats exacts pour certaines des plus importantes classes d'universalité de ces systèmesMany of the most important open problems in statistical mechanics are related with systems out of thermal equilibrium. In this work we use field theory methods to study some of these systems. To do so, we first introduce a field theory representation for the systems of interest, as well as the specific formalism to be used throughout, the so-called non perturbative renormalization group (NPRG). This formalism has emerged in the last years as a very efficient way to deal with strongly correlated systems, and has been applied with success to problems both in and out of equilibrium. Before treating the actual systems of interest, we develop some new tools and methods within the NPRG context, and test them in a simple scalar field theory, belonging to the Ising universality class. We are able to obtain results for the momentum-dependent scaling function of the d=3 Ising model, without having to fix any free parameter. Also, in order to tackle in an efficient way the physics of out of equilibrium systems, we study in detail some formal aspects of their passage to a field theory representation, as well as the equivalences between different possible ways to perform this passage. After these preliminaries, we concentrate in out of equilibrium active-to-absorbing phase transitions in reaction-diffusion systems, and in particular in the subclass known as branching and annihilating random walks (BARW). Among other results, we use the NPRG to find an exact solution to any vertex in a simple system, known as pure annihilation. With this, we analyze some properties of BARW at low branching rates, by means of an expansion in the branching rate around pure annihilation. This perturbative expansion, which is performed around a nontrivial model, allows us to find some striking exact results for some of the most important universality classes in these systems
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CARPENTIER, RIOU ANNE-MARIE. "Dix cas de polyarthrite rhumatoide non dr1 non dr4." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M233.
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Ghoul, Tej-eddine. "Etude de solutions non globales d’équations d’évolution non linéaires." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_ghoul.pdf.
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Dans ce mémoire, nous nous intéressons au phénomène d’explosion en temps fini de solutions qui changent de signe de l’équation suivante :[. . . ] Ce résultat étend un résultat similaire obtenu par Cazenave, Dickstein, et Weissler [. . . ]In this memory, we study the phenomenon of explosion in finite time for sign changing solution of the following equation : [. . . ] This result extends a similar result of Cazenave, Dickstein, and Weissler [. . . ]
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BECHAH, ABDELHAK. "Systemes elliptiques non lineaires dans des ouverts non bornes." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30037.
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Cette these est consacree a l'etude de quelques systemes elliptiques quasilineaires dans des domaines non bornes. Nous nous interessons en particulier a des systemes elliptiques comportant l'operateur p-laplacien qui est defini par pu = div(|*u| p - 2*u). Cet operateur apparait en mecanique des fluides, en mecanique des solides, dans les milieux poreux, ainsi que dans d'autres domaines. La premiere partie de cette these est consacree a l'etude variationnelle d'un systeme derivant d'un potentiel. Nous montrons l'existence des solutions strictement positives dans differents cas : sur-homogene, sous-homogene et critique. Grace a un raisonnement assez semblable a celui utilise par clement, fleckinger, stavrakakis et de thelin pour la simplicite de la valeur propre nous obtenons une condition necessaire et suffisante pour l'existence de la solution strictement positive pour un systeme homogene perturbe par un terme sous-homogene. En meme temps nous montrons que la solution obtenue est unique, enfin, nous employons des methodes iteratives dues a serrin pour etablir des estimations locales et globales de la solution. L'objet de la seconde partie est l'etude non variationnelle d'un systeme homogene. Nous nous interessons en particulier a la methode du blow up introduite par gidas et spruck qui nous permet d'utiliser le theoreme du degre topologique de leray schauder et d'obtenir l'existence des solutions classiques.
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Rhomari, Noureddine. "Filtrage non parametrique pour les processus non markoviens. Applications." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066246.
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Un important probleme, qui n'a pas ete largement discute, dans l'etude et l'analyse des processus est l'estimation des valeurs manquantes, qui pour certaines raisons ne peuvent pas etre observees ou sont aberrantes. Un interpolateur similaire aux predicteurs est etudie. D'autre part les predicteurs non parametriques usuels consistent a estimer l'esperance conditionnelle de la variable a predire connaissant un nombre fini des dernieres variables observees. Ce qui suppose que la memoire du processus est de taille finie et connue, donc le processus est markovien. Cette hypothese est tres restrictive. De plus en pratique le choix de cette taille depend, souvent, du nombre d'observations. Dans ce travail on s'interesse a l'estimation non parametrique de ces interpolateur et predicteur, en choisissant la longueur de la memoire dependante du nombre d'observations. Dans le cadre des processus melangeants nous etablissons la consistance et la loi asymptotique des estimateurs proposes. Des resultats sont egalement obtenus pour des fonctionnelles de l'erreur de prediction ou d'interpolation. On etudie, en particulier, ses moments centres, ses fonctions de repartition et de quantile. Ce travail permet donc de proposer un choix de la taille de la memoire, lorsque celle-ci n'est pas connue (ou infinie) a priori. On propose un critere de detection de valeurs aberrantes
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Henry, Marie-Louise. "Non-thyroid malignancies in familial non-medullary thyroid cancer." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555088063551251.
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Asplund, Leif. "Noun categorisation in North Halmahera." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för allmän språkvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118616.
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The languages spoken on northern Halmahera and surrounding small islands constitute a group of related ‘Papuan’ languages called North Halmahera. They are also, together with other Papuan and Austronesian languages, included in a proposed sprachbund which is called East Nusantara. Neuter gender and numeral classifiers have both been proposed to characterize the sprachbund. Consequently,an investigation of the noun categorisation systems in the North Halmahera languages, which is the subject of this study, can be of interest for the characterization of the sprachbund. The method for the investigation is to search for information about seven languages in existing grammatical descriptions, complemented with information which can be culled from published texts in the languages. There are mainly two categorisation systems in all the investigated languages: genders and numeral classifiers. The numerals often contain fossilized prefixes. Among the numeral classifiers, the human classifiers are special because of their origin from pronominal undergoer prefixes and the limitations of its use in some languages. Except in West Makian, there is a default classifier and a classifier for trees, and secondarily for houses, in all languages. A classifier for two-dimensional objects is also quite common. The other classifiers are used with a very limited number of nouns.Språken som talas på norra Halmahera och omkringliggande småöar utgör en grupp av besläktade ’papuanska’ språk som kallas Nord-Halmahera-språk. De ingår också, ihop med andra papuanska och austronesiska språk, i ett antaget sprachbund som kallas för Östra Nusantara. Neutrum-genus ochnumeriska klassificerare har båda föreslagits karakterisera sprachbundet. Således kan en undersökning av substantivklassificering från ett historiskt och typologiskt perspektiv i Nord-Halmahera-språken, som är ämnet för den här studien, vara av intresse för karakteriseringen av sprachbundet. Metoden för undersökningen är att söka efter information för sju språk i existerande grammatiska beskrivningar, kompletterat med information som kan fås från publicerade texter på språken. Det förekommer huvudsakligen två klassificeringssystem i alla de undersökta språken: genus och numeriska klassificerare. Räkneorden innehåller ofta fossiliserade prefix. Bland de numeriska klassificerarna ärmännisko-klassificerarna speciella genom sitt ursprung i pronominella undergoer-prefix och den begränsade användnings-möjligheten i vissa språk. Utom i västmakianska, förekommer en allmän klassificerare och en klassificerare för träd, och sekundärt för hus, i alla språk. En klassificerare för två-dimensionella objekt är också ganska vanlig. Övriga klassificerare används oftast med ett mycket begränsat antal substantiv.
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Wu, Nga-in, and 胡雅妍. "Adjuncts in Cantonese noun phrases." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43205161.
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Stanton, Tom. "'One', noun structure, and modification." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31867.
Full textAbstract:
The present thesis aims to use novel observations as to the behaviour of anaphoric 'one' when under modification in order to explore more acutely the structure of the nominal phrase. There has been decades of disagreement as to the syntactic nature of anaphoric 'one'. This work highlights novel observations about anaphoric 'one' and offers structural analyses for them. Anaphoric 'one' behaves in a markedly distinct way when modified by a prenominal modifier versus when it is modified by a postnominal modifier. Specifically the indefinite article, numerals, and certain quantifiers are able to be introduced into the structure of the noun phrase only when anaphoric 'one' is modified prenominally. In such cases that is modified postnominally the introduction of such material is not possible. Rather than appealing to rich featural specifications on syntactic objects by way of explanation this thesis offers an account based upon the structure of the nominal. An obligatory movement operation in the nominal projection is proposed, the result of which produces a structural configuration which limits extraction from the moved constituent. It is the two of these factors working together that produces the pattern of behaviour to be captured. Finally I present phenomena that can be found in Spanish, Dutch, Turkish, and Slovenian which can be easily captured using the structural analysis offered in this work. The suggestion being that all of these languages exhibit not only the same movement operation in the nominal projection, but the same limit on what may be extracted from the moved constituent.
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Mishra, Bijoyananda. "Growth of value added services in Indian telecom industry: a diagnostic study." Thesis, 2018. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/7938.
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(9838247), Phul Subedi. "Non-invasive assessment of fruit: Attributes other than sweetness." Thesis, 2007. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Non-invasive_assessment_of_fruit_Attributes_other_than_sweetness/13454954.
Full textAbstract:
Fresh fruit eating quality, as defined by taste, texture (mouth feel) and smell, can be indexed by a number of attributes, including total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), firmness and aroma. Eating quality is further defined by a range of internal defects (e.g. dryness defect in mandarin). Available technologies for non-invasive assessment of these attributes are reviewed. The two technologies which have reached a stage of commercial adoption by the fruit industry are short wave near infrared spectroscopy (SWNIRS) and firmness assessment using impact or acoustic based techniques. The SWNIRS technique
apparently has utility in the assessment of fruit TSS and dry matter (DM), but literature reports on use for other attributes (e.g. individual soluble sugar levels or firmness) are less convincing (e.g. failing to demonstrate prediction of independent validation sets).
Based on the use of the Zeiss MMS1 NIR enhanced spectrometer module,
SWNIRS (700 - 1100 nm) was demonstrated to be capable of analysis of citric acid (CA) in aqueous solution with a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.34 % w/v. Difference spectra of pure aqueous solution of CA (i.e. subtraction of the water spectrum) supported interpretation of the CA spectra and partial least squares regression (PLSR) model regression coefficients, with absorption at 970 nm attributed to an O-H stretching band. For starch in aqueous solution, excellent model results (typical root mean square error of crossvalidation (RMSECV) = 0.30 % w/v) were interpreted in terms of scattering
caused by the starch grains. The influence of temperature and salt (NaCl) on SWNIR spectra of model solutions was also characterised.
Short wave near infrared spectroscopy was used in the development of
models for a range of internal quality attributes (TTA, TSS in fruit varying in starch content, firmness, internal flesh colour, maturity level, and flesh ‘dryness defect’) of intact fruit. In each case the wavelength range and the number of factors used in the PLS model was optimised. In general an interactance mode was adopted, but in some cases presentation geometry (angle between light source, sample and detector) was also optimised.
The SWNIRS technique was demonstrated to be effective in the assessment of DM content of a number of commodities (typical RMSEP around 1% DM). Sorting on DM spectra was shown to allow for removal of immature mangoes (fruit that will be slow or fail to ripen). Further, it was demonstrated that spectra collected of hard green mango could be directly related to TSS of fully ripe fruit.
The SWNIRS technique was also demonstrated to be effective in the assessment of mango fruit internal colour (as flesh Hunter L a b).
However, the SWNIRS technique was not recommended for assessment of TSS of intact fruit of varying starch level (i.e. in ripening mango or banana). In banana, for example, the PLSR model on TSS was interpreted in terms of assessment of peel chlorophyll content, representing an indirect assessment of TSS.
With an RMSECV >0.1 % and a RMSEP = 0.3 % w/v, SWNIRS models
were of marginal value in prediction of TTA of high acid fruit (e.g. lime,
x ± standard deviation (SD): 7.3 ± 0.51 %), and of no value in prediction of low TTA fruit (e.g. peach, x ± SD: 0.88 ± 0.17 %).
The SWNIR calibration models on fruit firmness achieved a Rcv2 >0.8, but in prediction of independent sets Rp 2 was <0.7. An acoustic technique based on sound velocity (SV) was better suited to assessment of fruit firmness. The SV decreased during ripening in mango, banana, peach and tomato fruit. The rate of this change was different to that of a penetrometer assessment, indicating that the two methods are assessing different mechanical properties of the fruit.
A dryness defect of cultivar (cv.) Imperial mandarin was associated with
cell proliferation within the juice sacs, and this character was associated with the observed colour of the juice sacs (high luminosity value). It was hypothesised that this character would decrease light transmission through affected fruit. However, fruit juice sac luminosity also varied with fruit maturity, and SWNIRS model performance was not consistent. Practical implementation of the SWNIRS technique for on-line sorting of defect fruit would involve constant model updating.
In conclusion, the factors contributing to a successful implementation of the SWNIRS technique to a given application are summarised, and future directions in instrumentation and chemometrics discussed.
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Kumar, Prashant. "Non-Invasive Prospective Approach for the Detection of Alzheimer’s disease." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/7013/1/NON-INVASIVE_PROSPECTIVE_Kumar_2015.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
We proposed an automated novel method to detect Alzheimer disease (AD). The methodology involves the analysis of normal and AD MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) brain scans, we extracted some specific portions of brain which changes in case of diseased subjects such as Hippocampus, Septum Pellucidum, fornix and some portion of thalamus. We measured the area of brain parts lost due to AD and compared these measurements with the same aged normal subjects. In this research work various pattern recognition techniques were used that separates the AD brain scans form the brain scans of healthy controlled subjects. These pattern recognition techniques includes segmentation of brain images, wavelet based texture features extraction for the classification of brain scans. We used two different classifiers ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) and which showed the comparable accuracy, execution time than other classifiers reported so far.
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(9810248), Bed Khatiwada. "Non-invasive detection of internal defects in fruit by using visible-shortwave NIR spectroscopy." Thesis, 2016. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Non-invasive_detection_of_internal_defects_in_fruit_by_using_visible-shortwave_NIR_spectroscopy/13437083.
Full textAbstract:
Non-invasive detection of three internal disorders of fruit of commercial relevance to Queensland horticulture was considered: (i) diffuse browning of apple fruit; (ii) gelling defect of mandarin fruit; and (iii) translucency of pineapple fruit. Visible - short wave near infrared spectroscopy (vis-SWNIRS) is in commercial use for non-invasive field and in line assessment of fruit dry matter and soluble solids content of mango and apple. Some claims exist for commercially available instrumentation for sorting of fruit internal defects, but no assessment of such systems exists in the scientific literature. Four vis-SWNIRS instruments were trialled, varying in optical geometry: (i) the Integrated spectronics’s ‘Nirvana’ handheld instrument, operating with an interactance optical geometry; (ii) a purpose built unit employing a 300W halogen illumination source in a partial transmittance geometry, ‘IDD0’; (iii) the MAF Roda Insight2 unit, employing a 150W halogen lamp and operated in a full transmission geometry, and (iv) the MAF Roda IDD2 unit, employing four near infrared light emitting diodes and operated in a full transmission geometry. A number of reference methods were assessed for scoring level of apple flesh browning, including visual assessment, image analysis (% cross section area affected), chromameter CIE Lab values (L* and a* value) and juice Abs420nm, of which visual scoring on a 5 point scale was recommended. Chlorophyll fluorescence and acoustic resonant frequency was poorly related to extent of defect, and thus these non-invasive techniques are not recommended. Apple flesh browning was best assessed using visible-shortwave NIRS in a transmission optical geometry, with a typical PLSR model R2cv = 0.83 and RMSECV = 0.63 (5 point visual scale). Of different binary (good and defect fruit) classification approaches trialled, the best result was achieved using PLS discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method, followed by linear discriminant analysis. More than 95% of defect fruit were predicted as defect (true negative rate) at the expense of having 10-20% of good fruit falsely predicted as defect fruit (false negative rate), across six populations. A number of reference methods were also assessed for scoring level of granulation in mandarin fruit, including visual assessment (5 point scale), chromameter CIE Lab (L and colour index values) and % juice recovery, of which visual score and % juice recovery were recommended. Mandarin granulation, indexed by either visual score or % juice recovery, was best non-invasively assessed using vis-SWNIRS in a transmission optical geometry, with a typical PLSR model R2cv = 0.74 and RMSEP = 3.6 (% juice recovery). PLS-DAwas able to predict well for good fruit with up to 87 and 100% of good fruit as good fruit (true positive rate) using the IDD0 and MAF Roda Insight2 units, respectively. Defect fruit were wrongly predicted as good fruit (false positive) using both the machine with best result (97 % true negative rate) obtained with PLS-DA using IDD0 unit. Translucency in pineapple, indexed by either a (5 point) visual score or image analysis was assessed using vis-SWNIR spectroscopy. Typical PLSR calibration results for models developed using the range 700-1000 nm results were modest (R2cv = 0.58, RMSECV = 0.55 on 5 point scale), and prediction results were poor (R2p = 0.41, RMSEP = 0.93. For binary classification, PLS-DA was able to predict 98.7% of good fruit as good (true positive rate) while only 34% of defect fruit were predicted defect (true negative rate) based on visual translucent score. Sorting involves a trade-off between yield and quality. The use of a receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) and a sorting optimisation curve (SOC) was explored for the comparison of binary classifiers and the optimisation of sorting set point. The need to adjust the sorting set point to maintain a desired quality specification (e.g. % of defect fruit in accepted class) as population mean and spread (SD) for the defect varies is explained. Internal defects of fruit under consideration are well detected and sorted for based under transmission optical geometry with visual defect score as a reference parameter.
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(9800051), Colin Greensill. "Non-invasive assessment of fruit quality by near-infrared spectroscopy for fruit grading in an in-line setting." Thesis, 2000. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Non-invasive_assessment_of_fruit_quality_by_near-infrared_spectroscopy_for_fruit_grading_in_an_in-line_setting/13426595.
Full textAbstract:
Instrument criteria, in terms of wavelength range, wavelength resolution, signal to noise ratio, sensitivity and illumination/detector were defined for the use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the assessment of soluble solids content (SSC) in intact fruit in an in-line system. Techniques for predictive model generation and transfer of predictive models across a number of systems were assessed in tenns of root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP). A comparative study of components making up an NIR spectroscopic system established that for the application of assessment of SSC in intact fruit, quartz halogen light sources could provide adequate low cost radiant energy and prisms could provide cheap, more efficient dispersion and higher throughput than flat diffraction gratings. Three wavelength dispersion elements (single equilateral prism, two prisms in series and a ruled diffraction grating) were separately assessed. Calibration perfonnance for sucrose in a water-cellulose matrix was significantly degraded by a signal to noise ratio (SNR) <5000: 1, and when wavelengthresolution was decreased beyond a FWHM of 16 nm (at 912 nm). Therefore either photo- diode arrays or binned charge-coupled devices could be used as photodetecting elements if SNR is maintained above this level. A body-transmittance optical path was preferred over reflectance optics to eliminate the 'noise' from specularly reflected light. However, physicaly contacting the fruit with an optical barrier to separate illuminated and detected regions constrained process rates. Therefore, an illumination/detector configuration was designed to allow rapid, non-contact spectral measurements to be made. This configuration supported comparable calibration statistics for assessment of SSC of intact melons as a 'contact' configuration (e.g. root mean squared error of cross validation (RMSECV) of 0.740 and 0.650 Brix non-contact and contact, respectively). Predictive models developed using partial least squares (PLS) regression were significantly more accurate than those developed using multiple linear regression, principal component regression or parallel regression. Wavelength selection techniques were examined. Predictive PLS models based on knowledge of spectrally important wavelengths (for SSC, 630 to 1040 nm) were superior to models based on other wavelength selection techniques. Assessment of data pre-treatment techniques showed that, in most cases, mean centred and autoscaled absorbance data provided the best results. Nine methods for transfer of calibration between instruments were compared against the performance of a simple model updating (MU) technique. While MU gave consistently better predictions on slave instruments, this approach requires maintenance of calibrations on every instrument. Of the established standardisation methods, direct standardisation of the wavelet coefficients was the most efficient. These design criteria were used in the construction of a prototype fruit sorting system, with performance assessed over a period of two years. The hardware components of this system proved adequately robust to endure the rigours of a pack-house environment and the accuracy of the sorting achieved an RMSEP of 11 0.7° Brix (standard deviation and range of sse in sample set, 1.5° and 8.5°, respectively). 111
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Liu, Yu-Cheng, and 劉昱成. "A Semi-Automated Corpus-Based Method of Comparing Verb-Noun Collocations Between Native and Non-Native English Speakers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52303407737241497775.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
英語學系
101
Among the studies of ESL learners' collocations, the aspect of Verb-Noun combinations has been the most popular and important one. Yet, with the findings discovered and research methods developed these decades, a more efficient and systematic manner of corpus data extraction and analysis has not been thoroughly discussed and practiced. This study, adopting the online platform The Sketch Engine (SKE), aims to examine Chinese ESL learners' Verb-Noun miscollocations with a semi-automated method. Through an experimental utilization of the online interface, a more streamlined and reliable approach is expected to be realized, and more interesting results are revealed through this way. Three research questions were targeted in this study. They are (1) to experiment Sketch Diff, a semi-automated corpus-based function of The Sketch Engine, an online platform, to compare the Verb-Noun collocations between native and non-native English speakers, (2) to explore the types of Chinese ESL learners' Vern-Noun miscollocations, and (3) to inspect the probable causes of learners' Verb-Noun miscollocations. First, with the Corpus Creating function on the SKE, a native speaker corpus, the British National Corpus (BNC), and a Chinese ESL learner corpus, merged by CLEC, SWECCL, JCEE Testees Corpus, and Taiwanese Learner Corpus, were uploaded unto the platform. Then, a 690-word-list of the most frequent nouns in the Chinese ESL learner corpus was generated. Finally, a Sketch-Diff function, originally for synonym comparison on the SKE, was alternatively manipulated in this study for the comparison of the 690 nouns' verb collocates respectively in the BNC and the Chinese ESL learner corpus. A total of 134 types of Chinese ESL learners' Verb-Noun miscollocations were found, with 2841 tokens overall. As for the general types of learners' V-N miscollocation types, 63 sorts (832 tokens) belonged to the deviant use of verbs, 43 types (1502 tokens) were categorized under the misuse of prepositional and phrasal verbs, and 28 types (507 tokens) were grouped by the misuse of nouns. In terms of contributing error sources, the influential factors are a) negative L1 transfer (75 types, 1376 tokens), b) overgeneralization (23 types, 213 tokens), c) erroneous use of synonyms (21 types, 449 tokens), d) false analogy (9 types, 728 tokens), e) approximation (4 types, 64 tokens), f) erroneous delexical verbs (1 type, 6 tokens), and g) erroneous coinage (1 type, 5 tokens). According to the results above, several observations were proposed. First, the overwhelming influence of Chinese, the target ESL learners' L1, still exerts a great impact on learners' acquisition of V-N collocations. Second, as the most found type of error, the misuse of prepositional and phrasal verbs indeed requires more attention and coping strategies. Finally, miscollocations possibly caused by overgeneralization and erroneous use of synonyms have pointed out the blind spots of learners' collocation learning, which is in serious need of more L2 input and contextualized exercises.