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Journal articles on the topic 'Node-dependent kinematic'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Zappino, Enrico, Guohong Li, and Erasmo Carrera. "Node-dependent kinematic elements for the dynamic analysis of beams with piezo-patches." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 16 (September 2018): 3333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18798942.

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This article extends the use of one-dimensional elements with node-dependent kinematics to the dynamic analysis of beam structures with piezo-patches. Node-dependent kinematics allows the kinematic assumptions to be defined individually on each finite element node, leading to finite element models with variable nodal kinematics. Derived from Carrera unified formulation, node-dependent kinematics facilitates the mathematical refinement to an arbitrary order at any desirable region on the nodal level while keeping the compactness of the formulation. As an ideal approach to simulate structures with special local features, node-dependent kinematics has been employed to model piezo-patches in static cases. In this work, the application of node-dependent beam elements in dynamic problems is demonstrated. Node-dependent kinematics is applied to increase the numerical accuracy in the areas where the piezo-patches lie in through sufficiently refined models, while lower order assumptions are used elsewhere. The dissimilar constitutive relations of neighboring components are appropriately considered with layer-wise models. Both open- and short-circuit conditions are considered. The results are compared against those from literature. The numerical study shows that the adoption of node-dependent kinematics allows accurate results to be obtained at reduced computational costs.

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2

Carrera, Erasmo, Enrico Zappino, and Guohong Li. "Analysis of beams with piezo-patches by node-dependent kinematic finite element method models." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 7 (October 23, 2017): 1379–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x17733332.

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This article presents a family of one-dimensional finite element method models with node-dependent kinematics for the analysis of beam structures with piezo-patches. The models proposed are built by applying Carrera unified formulation. Carrera unified formulation permits to obtain finite element method stiffness matrices through so-called fundamental nuclei whose form is independent of the assumptions made for the displacement/electrical field over the cross section of a beam. In the previous works, uniform kinematic assumptions have been applied to all the nodes within the same element. The present contribution proposes to use different kinematics on different nodes, leading to node-dependent kinematic finite element method formulations. In such an approach, non-uniform cross sections introduced by piezo-patches can be considered. With the help of layer-wise models, piezoelectric and mechanical domains each can possess individual constitutive relations. Meanwhile, node-dependent kinematics can integrate equivalent single layer models and layer-wise models to reach an optimal balance between accuracy and use of computational resources. Static governing equations for beam elements with node-dependent kinematics accounting for electromechanical effects are derived from the principle of virtual displacements. The competence of the proposed approach is validated by comparing the obtained results with solutions taken from the literature and ABAQUS three-dimensional modelling. Both extension and shear actuation mechanisms are considered.

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3

Najd, Jamal, Enrico Zappino, Erasmo Carrera, Walid Harizi, and Zoheir Aboura. "A Variable Kinematic Multifield Model for the Lamb Wave Propagation Analysis in Smart Panels." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 6168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166168.

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The present paper assessed the use of variable kinematic two-dimensional elements in the dynamic analysis of Lamb waves propagation in an isotropic plate with piezo-patches. The multi-field finite element model used in this work was based on the Carrera Unified Formulation which offers a versatile application enabling the model to apply the desired order theory. The used variable kinematic model allowed for the kinematic model to vary in space, thereby providing the possibility to implement a classical plate model in collaboration with a refined kinematic model in selected areas where higher order kinematics are needed. The propagation of the symmetric (S0) and the antisymmetric (A0) fundamental lamb waves in an isotropic strip was considered in both mechanical and piezo-elastic plate models. The convergence of the models was discussed for different kinematics approaches, under different mesh refinement, and under different time steps. The results were compared to the exact solution proposed in the literature in order to assess and further determine the effects of the different parameters used when dynamically modeling a Lamb wave propagating in such material. It was shown that the higher order kinematic models delivered a higher accuracy of the propagating wave evaluated using the corresponding Time Of Flight (TOF). Upon using the appropriate mesh refinement of 2000 elements and sufficient time steps of 4000 steps, the error between the TOF obtained analytically and numerically using a high order kinematics was found to be less than 1% for both types of fundamental Lamb waves S0 and A0. Node-dependent kinematics models were also exploited in wave propagation to decrease the computational cost and to study their effect on the accuracy of the obtained results. The obtained results show, in both the mechanical and the piezo-electric models, that a reduction in the computational cost of up to 50% can be easily attained using such models while maintaining an error inferior to 1%.

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4

Zappino, E., G. Li, A. Pagani, and E. Carrera. "Global-local analysis of laminated plates by node-dependent kinematic finite elements with variable ESL/LW capabilities." Composite Structures 172 (July 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.03.057.

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5

Filippi, M., E. Carrera, D. Giusa, and E. Zappino. "Node-Dependent Kinematics and Multidimensional Finite Elements for the Analysis of Single/Double Swept, Composite Helicopter Blades." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 66, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.66.032005.

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This paper deals with finite element analysis of helicopter blades with single and double swept geometries made by metallic and composite materials. First, classical and refined beam theories are combined at the element level via a nodedependent kinematic (NDK) concept, which was recently introduced by the authors. Such an NDK approach enables the accuracy/efficiency ratio of the solution to be tuned according to the level of fidelity required by the design phase. Second, one-dimensional NDK models are combined with the possibility to introduce solid elements in those regions of the blade with a sharp variation of the geometries. The numerical examples consider a swept-tip rectangular beam and a doubleswept helicopter blade with a realistic airfoil. Natural frequencies and through-the-layer stress distributions are reported to demonstrate the flexibility and computational efficiency of the proposed methodology.

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6

Górska, Milena, Paweł Bukrejewski, and Jerzy Stobiecki. "Selected physicochemical properties of water-fuel microemulsion as an alternative fuel for diesel engine." Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji 84, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14669/am.vol84.art4.

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The paper focuses on the assessment of selected physicochemical properties of microemulsion containing 5% by mass (m/m) of surface active compounds (SAC), i.e. Span20 and Crilet4 as well as 10 % (m/m) of distilled water dispersed in diesel fuel (DF). In particular temperature dependent properties such as: flash point (FP) and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) as well as lubricity, friction coefficient, corrosiveness and kinematic viscosity of tested fuels were examined. It was found that the tested surfactants and water added to DF increase microemulsion FP by 13 ºC. For this reason, it can be stated that tested microemulsion is safer than typical DF. On the other hand it was found that the CFPP of the tested microemulsion is also adequately higher. It means less usefulness of such fuel during winter periods. Based on the research results it can be stated that addition of tested surfactants slightly worsens the lubricity of DF. However, the same surfactants in the presence of dispersed water reduce the friction in the tribological node and improve the lubricity of the tested microemulsion. Research showed that tested microemulsion system is not corrosive as well as its kinematic viscosity meet requirements of EN590 standard. Based on all these findings, microemulsion is considered as safe and such fuel can be recommended for engine tests without the risk of its damage.

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7

Carrera, E., and E. Zappino. "One-dimensional finite element formulation with node-dependent kinematics." Computers & Structures 192 (November 2017): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2017.07.008.

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8

Carrera, E., S. Valvano, and G. M. Kulikov. "Multilayered plate elements with node-dependent kinematics for electro-mechanical problems." International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 9, no. 4 (September 11, 2017): 279–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2017.1376722.

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9

Carrera, E., A. Pagani, and S. Valvano. "Multilayered plate elements accounting for refined theories and node-dependent kinematics." Composites Part B: Engineering 114 (April 2017): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.01.022.

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10

Zappino, E., G. Li, A. Pagani, E. Carrera, and A. G. de Miguel. "Use of higher-order Legendre polynomials for multilayered plate elements with node-dependent kinematics." Composite Structures 202 (October 2018): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.068.

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11

Li, G., E. Carrera, M. Cinefra, A. G. de Miguel, A. Pagani, and E. Zappino. "An adaptable refinement approach for shell finite element models based on node-dependent kinematics." Composite Structures 210 (February 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.10.111.

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12

Carrera, E., E. Zappino, and G. Li. "Finite element models with node-dependent kinematics for the analysis of composite beam structures." Composites Part B: Engineering 132 (January 2018): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.08.008.

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13

Guarnera, D., E. Zappino, A. Pagani, and E. Carrera. "Finite elements with node dependent kinematics and scalable accuracy for the analysis of Stokes flows." Aerotecnica Missili & Spazio 97, no. 4 (October 2018): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03406055.

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14

Li, G., M. Cinefra, and E. Carrera. "Coupled thermo-mechanical finite element models with node-dependent kinematics for multi-layered shell structures." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 171 (April 2020): 105379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105379.

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15

Valvano, Stefano, and Erasmo Carrera. "MULTILAYERED PLATE ELEMENTS WITH NODE-DEPENDENT KINEMATICS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE AND SANDWICH STRUCTURES." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 15, no. 1 (April 4, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume170315001v.

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16

LI, Guohong, Erasmo CARRERA, Yuliang HOU, and Gennady M. KULIKOV. "Multi-layered plate finite element models with node-dependent kinematics for smart structures with piezoelectric components." Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 34, no. 8 (August 2021): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2021.01.005.

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17

Carrera, E., S. Valvano, and G. M. Kulikov. "Electro-mechanical analysis of composite and sandwich multilayered structures by shell elements with node-dependent kinematics." International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 9, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2017.1414084.

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18

Moleiro, F., E. Carrera, E. Zappino, G. Li, and M. Cinefra. "Layerwise mixed elements with node-dependent kinematics for global–local stress analysis of multilayered plates using high-order Legendre expansions." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 359 (February 2020): 112764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2019.112764.

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19

Li, G., A. G. de Miguel, A. Pagani, E. Zappino, and E. Carrera. "Finite beam elements based on Legendre polynomial expansions and node-dependent kinematics for the global-local analysis of composite structures." European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids 74 (March 2019): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2018.11.006.

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20

Filippi, Matteo, Enrico Zappino, and Erasmo Carrera. "A Node-Dependent Kinematic Approach for Rotordynamics Problems." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 141, no. 6 (January 8, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4042285.

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This paper presents the dynamic analysis of rotating structures using node-dependent kinematics (NDK) one-dimensional (1D) elements. These elements have the capabilities to assume a different kinematic at each node of a beam element, that is, the kinematic assumptions can be continuously varied along the beam axis. Node-dependent kinematic 1D elements have been extended to the dynamic analysis of rotors where the response of the slender shaft, as well as the responses of disks, has to be evaluated. Node dependent kinematic capabilities have been exploited to impose simple kinematic assumptions along the shaft and refined kinematic models where the in- and out-of-plane deformations appear, that is, on the disks. The governing equations of the rotordynamics problem have been derived in a unified and compact form using the Carrera unified formulation. Refined beam models based on Taylor and Lagrange expansions (LEs) have been considered. Single- and multiple-disk rotors have been investigated. The effects of flexible supports have also been included. The results show that the use of the node-dependent kinematic elements allows the accuracy of the model to be increased only where it is required. This approach leads to a reduction of the computational cost compared to a three-dimensional model while the accuracy of the results is preserved.

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21

Carrera, E., A. Pagani, and R. Augello. "Large deflection of composite beams by finite elements with node-dependent kinematics." Computational Mechanics, March 5, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-022-02151-4.

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AbstractIn this paper, the use of the node-dependent kinematics concept for the geometrical nonlinear analysis of composite one-dimensional structures is proposed With the present approach, the kinematics can be independent in each element node. Therefore the theory of structures changes continuously over the structural domain, describing remarkable cross-section deformation with higher-order kinematics and giving a lower-order kinematic to those portion of the structure which does not require a refinement. In this way, the reliability of the simulation is ensured, keeping a reasonable computational cost. This is possible by Carrera unified formulation, which allows writing finite element nonlinear equilibrium and incremental equations in compact and recursive form. Compact and thin-walled composite structures are analyzed, with symmetric and unsymmetric loading conditions, to test the present approach when dealing with warping and torsion phenomena. Results show how finite element models with node-dependent behave as well as ones with uniform highly refined kinematic. In particular, zones which undergo remarkable deformations demand high-order theories of structures, whereas a lower-order theory can be employed if no local phenomena occur: this is easily accomplished by node-dependent kinematics analysis.

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22

Zappino, Enrico, Tommaso Cavallo, Alfonso Pagani, and Erasmo Carrera. "High-fidelity modeling approaches for the analysis of reinforced structures using one-, two- and three-dimensional elements." CEAS Aeronautical Journal, February 27, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13272-023-00648-z.

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AbstractThe present paper proposes a method for analyzing reinforced thin-walled structures based on high-order one-, two- and three-dimensional finite elements (FE). Refined finite elements are developed in the domain of the Carrera unified formulation (CUF). The node-dependent kinematic approach (NDK), which allows to connect in an easy manner elements with incompatible kinematics, has been used to connect elements with different dimensions without the need of ad hoc connection techniques. The formulation ensures the continuity of the displacement at the interface preventing the onset of singularities that lead to inaccurate results when beam, plate and solid elements have to be coupled to solve complex structures. The effectiveness of the present method has been confirmed by comparing the results with those from literature and with those obtained using commercial finite element codes. Static and free-vibration analyses of reinforced panels have been carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the present models. The results show that the limits of classical structural models can be easily overcome using the present approach, and at the same time, a quasi three-dimensional solution can be obtained with a large computational cost saving.

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23

Lee, Sungho, Jeong-Ung Woo, and Junkee Rhie. "Classification of transient triggering mechanisms of aftershocks in the postseismic phase of the 2017 Pohang earthquake, South Korea." Geophysical Journal International, February 2, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggad022.

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Summary The 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang earthquake occurred near an enhanced geothermal system site and generated thousands of aftershocks, the largest of which, a Mw 4.6 earthquake, occurred 87 days after the mainshock. Redistribution of the groundwater pressure perturbed by the mainshock has been suggested as a cause of the postseismic stress changes triggering several aftershocks, including the time-delayed event. However, to date, possible effects of variations in pore pressure on the aftershock occurrence have not been quantified in this region. Therefore, we conducted poroelastic modelling to evaluate this contribution to spatiotemporal distribution of the aftershocks, including the delayed event, using a fully coupled hydromechanical code. To construct a poroelastic model, a segmented fault geometry and a layered lithological structure were used. In addition, we utilised a kinematic slip model, a split-node algorithm, and in-situ properties to simulate reliable coseismic and postseismic behaviour. Our reference model successfully reproduced coseismic surface deformation in a line-of-sight direction, comparable to the corresponding observation from interferometric synthetic aperture radar, and was calibrated using groundwater measurement in a well. In addition to constructing the reference model, a series of numerical simulations were conducted to explore the effects and sensitivities of various hydraulic conductivities. Finally, the modelled Coulomb stress changes and spatiotemporal distribution of the aftershocks were analysed to elucidate the transient triggering mechanisms based on conditional statements to classify the mechanisms into several subsets. The classification showed that the poroelastic effect driven by depth/conductivity-dependent fluid diffusion is more critical to aftershock occurrence than the diffusion in the entire simulation time, and we propose that the delayed earthquake of Mw 4.6 could be correlated with poroelastic triggering rather than diffusion triggering. Furthermore, we inferred that this poroelastic effect could contribute to decay of aftershocks, particularly relatively small-magnitude aftershocks, as well as slow this decay in bedrocks. However, the proposed model does not explain all of the observed aftershocks, and other driving forces or triggering mechanisms need to be considered.

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24

Carrera, E., A. Pagani, and R. Augello. "Large deflection and post-buckling of thin-walled structures by finite elements with node-dependent kinematics." Acta Mechanica, November 23, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-020-02857-7.

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AbstractIn the framework of finite elements (FEs) applications, this paper proposes the use of the node-dependent kinematics (NDK) concept to the large deflection and post-buckling analysis of thin-walled metallic one-dimensional (1D) structures. Thin-walled structures could easily exhibit local phenomena which would require refinement of the kinematics in parts of them. This fact is particularly true whenever these thin structures undergo large deflection and post-buckling. FEs with kinematics uniform in each node could prove inappropriate or computationally expensive to solve these locally dependent deformations. The concept of NDK allows kinematics to be independent in each element node; therefore, the theory of structures changes continuously over the structural domain. NDK has been successfully applied to solve linear problems by the authors in previous works. It is herein extended to analyze in a computationally efficient manner nonlinear problems of beam-like structures. The unified 1D FE model in the framework of the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) is referred to. CUF allows introducing, at the node level, any theory/kinematics for the evaluation of the cross-sectional deformations of the thin-walled beam. A total Lagrangian formulation along with full Green–Lagrange strains and 2nd Piola Kirchhoff stresses are used. The resulting geometrical nonlinear equations are solved with the Newton–Raphson linearization and the arc-length type constraint. Thin-walled metallic structures are analyzed, with symmetric and asymmetric C-sections, subjected to transverse and compression loadings. Results show how FE models with NDK behave as well as their convenience with respect to the classical FE analysis with the same kinematics for the whole nodes. In particular, zones which undergo remarkable deformations demand high-order theories of structures, whereas a lower-order theory can be employed if no local phenomena occur: this is easily accomplished by NDK analysis. Remarkable advantages are shown in the analysis of thin-walled structures with transverse stiffeners.

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25

Nagaraj, M. H., E. Carrera, and M. Petrolo. "A global-local approach to the high-fidelity impact analysis of composite structures based on node-dependent kinematics." Composite Structures, October 2022, 116307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.116307.

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