Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'NNMT'
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Giuliante, Rachela. "Caratterizzazione di cellule staminali tumorali ottenute da linee cellulari di carcinoma della laringe e di carcinoma della vescica." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243113.
Full textAccording to cancer stem cells theory, tumor development would be maintained by a distinct subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), that have the ability to self-renew and to resist to chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we setup a culture system to enrich CSCs from Hep-2 (laryngeal cancer), T24 (bladder cancer), MG63 (osteosarcoma), CaCo-2 (colorectal cancer) and A549 (lung cancer) cancer cell lines, through sphere formation. We further performed molecular and phenotypic characterization of CSC-enriched cell populations, by exploring the expression levels of stem markers and in vivo evaluating their tumorigenic potential, respectively. Moreover, we investigated the expression levels of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in CSCs and parental cells. Real-Time PCR and immunocytochemistry revealed that CSC-enriched populations showed increased expression levels of stem markers compared with controls. After subcutaneous injection of Hep-2 cells into immunocompromised mice, CSC-enriched population yielded tumors of a much larger size compared with those generated by parental cells, suggesting the strong ability of CSCs to form tumors in vivo. NNMT expression analysis revealed enzyme upregulation in CSC-enriched populations compared to parental counterpart. Considering the fundamental role of CSCs in tumor relapse and onset of metastases, findings reported in this work could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and suggest an important involvement of NNMT in cancer cell metabolism.
Pozzi, Valentina. "L'enzima nicotinamide N-Metiltrasferasi: un nuovo marker diagnostico e target terapeutico nel carcinoma orale." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/241870.
Full textOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity. In recent 50 years, despite the advances in surgery and adjuvant therapies, the 5-year mortality rate of oral cancer is about 50% around the world. Up to now, reliable biomarkers for OSCC are still lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to identify target molecules for effective therapy and for early diagnosis of OSCC. In the present study, we focused on the expression of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT), which catalyses the N-methylation of nicotinamide, pyridines and other structural analogs, playing an important role in the biotransformation and detoxification of many xenobiotics. Several tumours have been associated with abnormal NNMT expression. However its role in tumour development remains largely unknown. To explore the involvement of NNMT in OSCC, we analysed the enzyme expression in tumour and non-tumour oral tissues obtained at surgery by RT-PCR, Real-Time PCR, Western blot, immunoistochemical analysis and catalytic activity assay. We also evaluated the effect of shRNA-mediated inhibition of NNMT on the proliferative potential of an oral cancer cell line. Transfected and normal oral cells were injected into athymic mices in order to evaluated the effect of NNMT silencing on tumour growth. The results showed a significant increase of NNMT expression (tumour tissue vs normal mucosa) in most of the favourable OSCCs (N0), while no marked NNMT expression alteration between tumour and normal mucosa was detected in most of metastatic tissues (N+). Immunohistochemical analyses performed on paraffin-embedded samples of oral cancer and normal mucosa indicated a significant NNMT upregulation in the examined OSCCs, that was more evident in well- and moderately-differentiated cases than in undifferentiated ones. Consistent with the results of immunoistochemistry, NNMT specific activity values were significantly higher in OSCCs than in control samples. ShRNA vectors targeted against NNMT efficiently suppressed gene expression, showing an inhibition rates around 70%, observed at both the mRNA and protein levels. Down-regulation of NNMT significantly inhibited cell proliferation and decreased colony formation ability on soft agar. In athymic mices NNMT silencing effectively induced a drastic reduction in tumour volume, suggesting the involvement of the enzyme in cancer development. The present data support the hypothesis that NNMT plays a role in oral carcinogenesis and represents a highly promising marker for early detection of oral cancer. The results obtained from silencing and in vivo experiments seem to suggest that NNMT is involved in cell proliferation and its inhibition could represent a possible molecular approach to the treatment of oral cancer.
SETA, RICCARDO. "Overexpression and silencing of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human cancer cell lines." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/245439.
Full textLung cancer is the leading cause of tumor-related death worldwide. As the majority of patients are diagnosed at a late stage, current therapeutic strategies have limited effectiveness and the prognosis remains poor. Oral cancer is the 11th most common tumor in the world. Despite advances in cancer therapy, the 5-year survival rate has not improved in the last three decades. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of these neoplasms are needed. The present study is focused on the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). To explore the role of the enzyme in cancer cell metabolism, we first examined NNMT expression levels in the human lung cancer cell line A549 by Real-Time PCR, Western blot and catalytic activity assay, and evaluated the in vitro effect of NNMT knockdown on tumorigenesis by MTT and soft agar colony formation assays. Subsequently, the effect of enzyme upregulation on cell proliferation was explored in the human oral cancer cell line HSC-2. Moreover, apoptosis and cell proliferation were investigated at molecular level, by evaluating the effect of NNMT overexpression on β-catenin, survivin isoforms, and Ki-67 expression. NNMT knockdown in A549 cells led to a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation ability on soft agar, while upregulation of the enzyme in HSC-2 cells significantly increased cell growth. Moreover, a positive correlation between NNMT and survivin-ΔEx3 isoform expression levels was found in HSC-2 cells. Results obtained demonstrated a potential involvement of NNMT in proliferation and tumorigenic capacity of both lung and oral cancer cells, thus representing an interesting molecular target for an effective anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, the possible correlation observed between NNMT and survivin-ΔEx3 expression levels seems to suggest a potential role of the enzyme in the regulation of apoptosis.
Morganti, Stefano. "Identificazione dell'enzima Nicotinamide N-Metiltrasferasi quale marker molecolare del carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242767.
Full textLung cancer is the most common neoplasm worldwide and the leading cause of tumor death. Improvements in surgery and therapy, as well as the discovery of new and effective markers for an early diagnosis, are necessary to increase the overall survival rate. This study is focused on the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). NNMT expression levels were evaluated in tumor, tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue samples of 36 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by Real-Time PCR, Western blot analysis, catalytic activity assay and immunohistochemical analysis. To explore the involvement of NNMT in tumor cell metabolism, we evaluated the effect of shRNA-mediated inhibition of NNMT on cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential of A549 lung cancer cell line. Results obtained showed NNMT upregulation (mRNA and protein) in tumor compared with both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue. Moreover, NSCLC displayed significantly higher activity levels than those determined in both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue. Interestingly, both tumor-adjacent and surrounding tissue samples of unfavorable cases (N+) seem to display higher activity levels than those of favorable NSCLCs (N0), suggesting that normal-looking tissue of unfavorable cases seems to change toward cancer. NNMT downregulation significantly inhibited cell proliferation and reduced colony formation ability on soft agar. Reported data indicate that NNMT represents a molecular marker for non-small cell lung carcinoma and support the hypothesis that it could play an important role in tumor growth and invasion. Further studies may establish whether NNMT could represent a target for an effective anti-cancer therapy.
CAMPAGNA, ROBERTO. "Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase Inhibition in Endothelium: Effect on Cell Viability and Respiration." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263472.
Full textKiohara, Valéria de Oliveira. "Estudo teórico dos aglomerados NnMm (N; M = Si, Ge, Al,Ga; n+m ? 4)." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2013. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2754.
Full textMak, Rachel Y. C. "Reducing Complexity| A Regularized Non-negative Matrix Approximation (NNMA) Approach to X-ray Spectromicroscopy Analysis." Thesis, Northwestern University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3669280.
Full textX-ray absorption spectromicroscopy combines microscopy and spectroscopy to provide rich information about the chemical organization of materials down to the nanoscale. But with richness also comes complexity: natural materials such as biological or environmental science specimens can be composed of complex spectroscopic mixtures of different materials. The challenge becomes how we could meaningfully simplify and interpret this information. Approaches such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis have been used in previous studies, but with some limitations that we will describe. This leads us to develop a new approach based on a development of non-negative matrix approximation (NNMA) analysis with both sparseness and spectra similarity regularizations. We apply this new technique to simulated spectromicroscopy datasets as well as a preliminary study of the large-scale biochemical organization of a human sperm cell. NNMA analysis is able to select major features of the sperm cell without the physically erroneous negative weightings or thicknesses in the calculated image which appeared in previous approaches.
Vignoli, Benedetto Gabriele. "Optimization of the Security Incident Management plan of NNIT A/s via the Integration of the Vulnerability Reports Creator." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190116.
Full textBodoni, Aline Faccioli. "Estresse oxidativo mitocondrial e deficiência familiar de glicocorticoide: caracterização fenotípica e funcional da nova variante p.G866D no gene Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transidrogenase (NNT)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17144/tde-23032018-131353/.
Full textBackground: mitochondrial Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transidrogenase (NNT) is essential in the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) detox process. Defects in this system may impair adrenal steroidogenesis by yet not fully understood mechanism. Aim: we sought to characterize the functional impact of the new NNT p.G866D (c.2597G>A) variant and its association with familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD). Subjects and Methods: evaluated subjects included the index case diagnosed with FGD at the age of 18 months, his asymptomatic parents and young brother and healthy controls. The Index case genomic DNA was evaluated by whole exome sequencing, which revealed several potential candidate variants, including the homozygous NNT p.G866D. We then analyzed the family pedigree to confirm the segregation of this variant with FDG phenotype. To prove the genotype-phenotype association, this new variant was comprehensive evaluated in vitro. Transient mononuclear cell cultures from the patient, family members and controls were performed both in basal conditions and after oxidative stress induced by 5-hours treatment with 100?m de H2O2. We analyzed NNT RNAm expression by qPCR and mitochondrial parameters including ROS intracellular production by 20, 70-diacetate dichlorodihydrofluorescein, reduced glutathione (GSH) and cellular ATP levels by luminescence, and mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential by Mitotraker Probe system. Results: family pedigree analysis confirmed the segregation of the homozygous NNT p.G866D variant with FGD. In vitro, no differences in RNAm expression was found among patients, heterozygous carriers and healthy controls. Both in basal and under stress conditions, the homozygous p.G866D NNT variant exhibited significantly increased ROS production, decreased GSH levels and decreased mitochondrial parameters. In addition, under H2O2 oxidative stress, the homozygous p.G866D NNT also leaded in decreased ATP intracellular . Conclusion: this study clearly confirms the association of the homozygous NNT p.G866D variant with the phenotype of FGD. In vitro, this variant significantly impairs anti-oxidants mechanisms and affects the glutathione reductase systems resulting in increased ROS accumulation.
Villarreal, Carlo Arlan. "An analysis of the reliability and validity of the Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT) with English language Learner (ELL) Mexican American children." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3850.
Full textRovani, Juliana Cristine 1988. "Papel da transidrogenase de nucleotídeo de nicotinamida mitocondrial (NNT) sobre a homeostase glicêmica e lipídica : estudo em camundongos da linhagem C57BL6." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314293.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A transidrogenase de nucleotídeo de nicotinamida mitocondrial (NNT) é a principal fonte geradora de NADPH da organela, o qual é utilizado pelo sistema antioxidante das mitocôndrias. Estudos prévios mostraram que a mutação nessa enzima está associada a alterações do estado redox de mitocôndrias e alterações do metabolismo glicídico e lipídico em animais C57BL6/J provenientes do Jackson Laboratory (B6-J). A síndrome metabólica é caracterizada pela presença de no mínimo três distúrbios cardio-metabólicos associados dentre obesidade visceral, dislipidemia, intolerância à glicose e/ou resistência à insulina e hipertensão. A restrição calórica tem sido indicada para prevenir e tratar estes distúrbios metabólicos. Compostos sintéticos têm sido testados como potenciais miméticos da restrição calórica. O 2,4-dinitrofenol (DNP) é uma droga que aumenta o gasto energético por provocar redução da eficiência da fosforilação oxidativa e aumentar o metabolismo oxidativo. Neste trabalho, demonstramos que camundongos com mutação no gene da NNT (B6-J) apresentaram aumento de adiposidade visceral, aumento do teor de triglicérides hepático, intolerância à glicose, resistência à insulina e hipersecreção de insulina pelas ilhotas pancreáticas isoladas e in vivo, quando comparados aos camundongos que tem a NNT intacta (B6-UNI). Diante destes distúrbios metabólicos, submetemos os animais à restrição alimentar (RA) ou ao tratamento com DNP durante 3 meses. Observamos que os animais B6-J sob RA apresentaram redução da adiposidade, esteatose hepática corrigida, melhora da resistência à insulina e diminuição da secreção de insulina. Por outro lado, o tratamento com DNP nos animais B6-J não modificou o metabolismo lipídico, reduziu a insulinemia de jejum e a secreção de insulina e melhorou a sensibilidade periférica à insulina, mas não alterou a tolerância à glicose. Concluímos que a linhagem portadora da deleção do gene da NNT tem maior predisposição à síndrome metabólica, e que, ambos os tratamentos de RA e DNP corrigiram, pelo menos parcialmente, os distúrbios metabólicos dos animais B6-J, sendo que a RA foi mais efetiva que o DNP
Abstract: The nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) catalyses the production of NADPH, that is consumed by the mitochondrial antioxidant enzymatic system. Previous studies have shown that NNT mutation causes redox abnormalities in mitochondria and alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL6/J mice from The Jackson Laboratory. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by an association of cardio-metabolic disturbances such as visceral obesity, dyslipidemias, glucose intolerance and/or insulin resistance and hypertension. Caloric restriction has been recommended to prevent or treat such metabolic disturbances. Synthetic compounds have been tested as putative mimetic for caloric restriction. The 2,4 dinitrophenol (DNP) is one of this drugs that increase the metabolic rates due to a reduction in the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency and elevation of oxidative metabolism. In this study we demonstrated that mice that carry a NNT gene mutation (B6-J) exhibit increased visceral adiposity, increased liver triglyceride content, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and insulin hypersecretion, when compared to control mice with functional NNT. In face of these disturbances, mutant B6-J mice were submitted to a food restriction (FR) or treatment with DNP during 3 months. We observed that B6-J mutant mice under FR present a reduction in adiposity and liver steatosis, improvement of glucose tolerance and insulin resistance and normalization of insulin secretion. After DNP treatment, B6-J mice showed no alterations in lipid disturbances but improved insulin resistance and insulin secretion. These findings suggest that 1- the mouse substrain that carries NNT mutation is predisposed to develop metabolic syndrome, 2- both treatments, FR and DNP, correct, at least partially, the metabolic disturbances of B6-J mutant mice, and 3- FR treatment was more effective than DNP
Mestrado
Fisiologia
Mestra em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Kouyoumtzi, Evdokia. "La souffrance dans les récits de mœurs de Georgios Vizyinos et d'Alexandros Papadiamandis." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30082.
Full textThe suffering from the antiquity up to nowadays has contributed to the creation of great masterpieces in literature all over the world and it has been the reason of the self-destruction of many authors as well. Wondering its importance to the birth of the modern short tales in Greece of 19th century, our research will proceed in the personal life, the social setting and the production of two Greek authors, considering that the short tale is based on the description of the habits of everyday life including psychographic and biographic elements of its creators and its heroes. In brief, the short tales of the period of the birth of this genre (1800-1911) of two eminent Greek authors such as Georgios Vizyinos and Alexandros Papadiamandis, will enlighten us as to how much the pain may be considered as an element of writing inspiration and creation, but likewise of self-destruction. Through the psychological analysis of the behaviour of principal heroes and their dealing with the four ultimate concerns of life (death, freedom, isolation, meaninglessness) and through the affliction of the life of their authors, will be described the role which pain plays in life, how it functions as an inspiration to the specific genre of this period, how it urges it to prosper and how this pain, this affliction ends many times to the delight and to an indispensable element of the personality of the principal heroes and the inspiration of these two writers; in two words how important is pain as the reason for the existence of these principal heroes and to the writing creativity of these two intellectuals of the newly established Greece of the time1880-1911
Kirschleger, Inès. "Les psaumes dans la tradition réformée, 1610-1715." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30068.
Full textFar from being the mere textual and literary locus of David - tke king, the prophet and the poet-musician - the psalms constitute both a mark of identity and a rallying point for the seventeeth-century Protestant community, while they also represent the unique source of a specific language and imagination. With their deep lyricism and poetry, the psalsms convey a meditative and confessional discourse ; as a vast repository of images and models of enunciation, they also map the contours of Calvinist literary aesthetics. Within the broad spectrums of its rhetorical registers and literary genres, the Protestant discourse inspired by the psalms finds answers to the century's religious, political and spiritual changes. This little-studied and much over-looked aspect of seventeeth-century literary life is essential for gaining a better understanding of Protestant spirirituality in the aftermath of the Reformation and calls attention to a century-long tradition of language and imagination shaped by the psalms. The present study also provides appendices whose aim is not only to help mapping the seventeeth century and its context, but also to highlight the literary importance of the psalms for the Protestant community
Calapodis, Michel. "Genèse du processus de construction communautaire grec à Marseille (1793-1900)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30092.
Full textThis historical perspective discusses the settlement of Greeks in Marseille, France, from the late-eighteenth century to the first decade of the 1900s. During this period, the sociological bonds between the different Greek embryonic minorities, suggest a nuclear colony. The wave of new-comers from the Island of Chios precipitated some major changes in the Marseille Greek's social morphology : these individuals, members of the historic leading class (Archonts), indeed introduced a social crystallization process which helped them develop multiple belonging relationships, the so-called "le Nous grec" (a kind of collective ego). The archontal Generation (1825-1875) incorporated the long-term representations of the group (socio-historically determined legacies such as religion, language, kinship, and self-administration policy), into its main identification frame, the Community. At the same time, this Generation elaborated its own social model through a selective acquisition of local French values and representations. Thus, a global understanding of the Community posits two sets of dynamics : the first one, symbolized, for example, by the transmission of endogroup matrimonial alliances, was representative of the Greek living memory which contributed to preserve the Greek spatio-temporal representations. The second dynamic led the Community to adopt new practices (such as French language, social relationships) without altering its long-term legacies. In this way, the dilemma between continuity and rupture of Hellenism is solved : the Greek Community building in Marseille suggested a pattern of morphostructural unity where coexisted diacritical and congruent identities
Cassier, Charlène. "Tepytihout (Atfih) et sa province : recherches de géographie religieuse." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30034.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of the history of the 22nd province of Upper Egypt (Metenou) and its metropolis (Tepytihout) which remains are visible today at Atfih. The documentation collected is essentially of philological nature – the site has benefited from limited excavations – and religious. Thanks to this, several aspects with regard to sacred geography and worships of this province can be explained. Firstly, the study of the toponymy has allowed to identify some territories, then to define some mythological legends which are attached to them. Then, several exchanges between the 22nd province of Upper Egypt and the neighbouring regions are highlighted : religious influences coming from the Delta, very old links with the Fayum, which continue until the Roman period and common myths with the 17th and 18th provinces of Upper Egypt. Secondly, the nature of divinities, whose worship is currently attested in the province, is analysed. The study of the goddesses, Hathor, Isis, Hesat and Neith, suggests the possibility that the divine entity ‘First of the Cows’, which gives her name to the provincial capital Tepytihout, originates from the Fayum. Then, it is highlighted that, except for the god Sobek, masculine divinities which are venerated in the province, Harmotes and Osiris, were placed later within the local pantheon
Dal, Bo Béatrice. "Aux frontières de la norme : usages linguistiques de scripteurs peu lettrés dans des correspondances de la Grande Guerre." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2019MON30026.
Full textThis work focuses on the non-standard linguistic usages of less-literate writers during the First World War, based on their private correspondence
Alsina, Ivan. "Apprentissage transformationnel et compétences émotionnelles : études de cas auprès de Francs-maçons de la Grande Loge de France." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2019MON30027.
Full textFreemasonry is an initiatory and traditional order whose constitutions invite each Freemasons to access an ethical and universal humanism. This path should enable transformation, emancipation. Is there a pedagogy in the practice of speculative masonry allowing 'transformation'. This transformation does affects the emotional capital?
Cervellin, Patrice. "Étude critique pour une création vidéoludique non formatée : du coffre à jouets au jeu vidéo." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2019MON30024.
Full textCritical study for an unformatted video game creation: From the toy box to the video game Patrice Cervellin, as a game designer (creator of video games), makes an observation over his work as a professional designer and the aesthetic reception of video games: procedural rhetoric and graphic representations impose on the player a reductive and stereotyped worldview, close to a flattering cliché, conveying an ultra-liberal post-modern vision of society. In the name of technical progress and its efficient facilitation, video game creation software programs does in fact guide the creation and greatly encourage the reproduction of video game stereotypes. With a constantly increased performance, these software programs promise to compensate more and more of the developers’ lack of technical skills, whether in coding, level editing, character creation or music composition. Even more concerning is the facilitation of the advent of the very concept of the work. This thesis refers to the concept of a successful video game ontology to discuss how technology pervades all the creation process, its media and modes of production. Technology, by dulling the creative mind, the living spirit, neutralizes critical thinking. By examining the content of the software tools available on the market, this doctoral research has resulted in both the elaboration and the criticism of a combinatorial algorithm capable of generating successful video games. This research considers the video game as a media and an artistic medium that should be deconstructed. More generally, this work raises the question of the status of the artist in the 21st century, particularly in relation to the tools and the importance they are given in the creative process, at the same time questioning the idea of the work and its fabrication. In accordance with the institutional framework of a research-creation project, this doctoral research demonstrates that a game is not, by any means, reduced to a metaphor of the rules of the game, currently dominant and specific to the liberal contemporary world. Through the realization of a plastic video game research project, it is the determinism of production devices in video games development that is finely problematized
Jaudouin, Olivier. "Physico-chimie de matériaux à base d'élastomères modifiés hyperélastiques." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2012MON20036.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work is to replace current gloves of gloveboxes used in nuclear area by elastomer discs which could take the shape of the arm of an operator and come back to their original shape when the arm is removed. The goal of the work is to design and study a material meeting the following specifications: at least 2 000 % strain at break, very high elastic properties, tear and radiation resistant. A bibliographic study showed that the most relevant materials are thermoplastic elastomers. As a consequence, two kinds of these materials were formulated. First ones are thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. The influence of stoichiometric ratios and different chain extenders on mechanical properties was studied. These materials are too viscous to match the specifications but an interesting linear relation between flow stress and viscosity ratio was observed. Second ones are Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene copolymers (SEBS). Studies on the influence of the process and incorporation of plasticizers, nanoparticules or polyurethane were carried out. It was highlighted that the process strongly influences mechanical properties and addition of nanoparticules or polyurethane can increase some of these properties. On the whole, the materials developed are very close to these of hyperelastic materials
Vahabi, Henri. "Combinaison de nanoparticules et de composés phosphonés pour améliorer le comportement au feu du PMMA." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2011MON20095.
Full textPoly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) is an important thermoplastic, widely used in industry. Unfortunately, it is a highly flammable polymer. The aim of this research was to improve the thermal stability and fire behavior of PMMA. First, we studied the influence of the dispersion of pure or treated kaolin on the fire behavior and thermal stability of PMMA. In second part of this work, the chemical modification of PMMA, using copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with two phosphonated co-monomers was studied. Finally, we interested in chemical or physical incorporation of two types of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane particles (POSS) in the PMMA or modified PMMA copolymère (MMA – co- monophosphonated monomer)). The effect of the combination of POSS particles and modified PMMA on the thermal degradation and flammability of PMMA was studied. In our work, the effect of phosphorus in the gas and condensed phase was separately studied. This study allowed us to define an efficiency index of phosphorus in each phase
Savoye, Jean-Laurent. ""Érophili" de Georges Chortatsis, une tragédie de la Renaissance européenne." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON300101.
Full textTraditionally considered as a medieval tragedy, and then as a work from the Cretan Renaissance, a branch of the greek byzantine literature unrelated to the occidental Renaissance, "Erophili", the tragedy by the Cretan poet George Chortatsis, dating back to the late XVIth century, was recently recognized by critics to belong to this european literary period. First, the close connection between the tragedy itself and its interludes clearly shows that it serves the ideology of the Counter-Reformation. Moreover, "Erophili" was obviously influenced by Italian Renaissance theories on theatre, expressed especially by the poet Giambattista Giraldi Cinzio in his "Discorso" on the composition of tragedies and comedies and his tragedy "Orbecche". At last, both the senecan heritage - horror tragedy ans stoic thought - and the baroque influence on language and staging allow to consider "Erophili" as perfectly representative of the european late Renaissance literature
Berland, Claude. "La marine marchande hellénique : développement et ascension pendant la Révolution française (fin XVIIIe siècle - 1821)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30095.
Full textThe hellenic merchant marine took at the time of its apogee an effective part in the events of the French Revolution during a period which began in 1793-1794, in particular by running the blockade along the provencal coasts - off Marseille harbourg above all - conducted by british fleet, not only supplying wheat or other foodstuffs but also fulfilling lots of missions for the benefit of republican authorities. Finally, these ventures attested the development and rise of the hellenic merchant marine with regard to west european maritime powers, ans its ships ensured in a great part a passage of the french revolutionary attitude of mind to Greece, up to the burst of Independance war in the year of 1821
Vuillequez, Carine. "Poétique de l'étrange dans les nouvelles de Juan José Millás." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30031.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse the strange in a specific genre – the short story – which occupies an important place in contemporary Spanish literature (1975-2004). The idea is to reflect upon the terms of a filiation with the fantastique/strange genre whose contours and consequences on the pact of reading need to be defined. The modern short story seems to be taking the route of renovation, whilst retaining traditional elements, in the thematic field as well as the field of discourse, which places the notion of “strangeness” at the heart of its fiction. The body of work consists of short stories by Juan José Millás. Over the course of the publication of each of his collections of stories, this contemporary Spanish writer is developing a particularly intense strange universe to which space, time, characters and writing all contribute. The strangeness of his avatars (monstrosity, madness, alienation, defamiliarisation, deliverance, etc. ) is expressed in a range of devices used in his texts and seems to be the result of one of the essential characteristics of post-modernism: decentrement, in which a person gradually becomes a stranger to himself. The analysis of multiple and surprising “crossings”, towards a new reality that can be detected in the writing assumes the existence of boundaries that represent all the obstacles to freedom. Millás’ stories all have the same objective, an objective that makes their unity, that of placing his characters and his readers outside of normality with the curious effect of contagiousness and destabilisation. The strange and the fantastique do not, however, obliterate the referential dimension of these texts, which also implies the need for an analysis of the links between the author and a particular context, that of a boundary between two centuries and of a Spanish reality whose singularity must be clearly established
Pegorari, Céline. "Le jeu dans le miroir : étude de l'œuvre poétique de Rafael Lasso de la Vega (1890-1959)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30064.
Full textThis study deals with the dramatization of the lyric subject in the work of Rafael Lasso de la Vega (1890-1959), and is based on an analysis of the various traces in the poetic text of the discourse and mise en abyme of the poematic voice. Yet such dialogue between outer reality and fiction does not proceed from any reflection on the nature of the literary text, of language or enunciation authorities, however manifest this reflection might have been at the time when Rafael Lasso de la Vega composed his work. On the contrary it is indicative of a conception of art the end of which is nothing but itself, and that pretends only to return to the origins of the creative process¾to shape fictitious universes in which an equally fictitious poet may watch himself in the throes of creation. Such a view of art sheds light on the artist’s conception of existence. As the fin de siècle dandies, Rafael Lasso de la Vega would do his best to turn his life into something out of a novel, falsifying a huge part of his biography to create delightful legends about himself. This dimension is tackled in the first part of the study, which then offers a more structural analysis of the texts and their poetic language
Talon, Corinne. "L' image de la didacture des colonels, en Grèce, à travers la presse d'opinion française : Le Monde, Le Figaro et l'Humanité, 1967-1974." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30098.
Full textThis thesis is about the ”representation /image” of dictatorship. In fact, in the absence of any research on the subject, the aim is to interpret and analyse this regime, through three well-known French daily newspapers, of different political tendencies and to show their point of view and their evolution. This comparative study relies on the construction and analysis of statistics. These coupled with the analysis of articles, will show if the newspapers are interested in the same events, three different points of view on the regime, its nature, its programme, the opposition and the repression that exist in Greece, emerging and established, in the main, in 1967. These points of view instigate three attitudes. It concerns the military dictatorship denounced in Le Monde, an authoritarian regime “tolerated” in Le Figaro and a fascist dictatorship condemned in l’Humanité. These points of view are kept from 1968 to 1972 and this, no matter what the event or the theme treated by the three newspapers. On the other hand, 1973 and 1974 are a turning point. The analysis about this regime don’t change but the three newspapers show a certain unanimity towards the future of the regime which they consider as threatened, or even condemned. Nevertheless, the explanations diverge and the newspapers do not foresee the fall of the regime. This subject has brought us to consider the geostrategical stakes tied to Greece’s position in the Mediterranean, to evoke the political situation in Cyprus and the role/ the influence of the United States in Greek politics
Castay-Roubeau, Nathalie. "Bodas de Sangre, Carmen : de l'écrit à l'écran." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30097.
Full textThis thesis is a study of the passage from text to pictures in Bodas de sangre and Carmen. The first part is a presentation of the Carlos Saura sociohistorical context, followed by a survery of his work focusing on significative points which will be analysed in the deeper investigation of the chosen films. The second part aims at analysing the original texts, which highlights more than equivalent structures but also a close link between the two authors, the two novels and the two heroines. That study of the text also reveals the birth of the myth about Carmen. The third part deals with the transfer of the icon. To develop that point, the study of temporality brings the text and the picture under a different light. So, the controlled cinema technique proves that it can be on ally to literature and choregraphy. The importance given to photography, realism, scenery and sound track puts some new light on the text. In both cases, the member of the audience watches a film that represents the rehearsal on the creation of a ballet, the mise en abyme is, in fact, a choice of creation; the superposition of stories requires from the audience to juggle from one to the other, stimulating the playing of the film
Varela, Stéphanie. "La peinture animée entre peinture et cinéma." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30094.
Full textMotion painting, between painting and cinema, is the work of painters who set out to create motion in painting by producing many pictures on a support of their choosing (film, celluloid, light table, glass, canvas, paper or walls), pictures intended to produce the feeling of movement after these have been saved in successive frames digitally or on film (this last step being rendered unnecessary when painting directly on film). The resulting format of a motion painting is that of a movie which when shown is animated by the rapid scrolling of the pictures. In this thesis in which Émile Reynaud (1844-1918) is presented as the inventor of motion painting, three years before the creation of cinema, a definition of motion painting is arrived at based on five necessary criteria which have been found to be : 1) The overall presence of texture in the paint applied directly to the support by the artist himself (thereby excluding films painted for colouring effects or digital colorization in animation films) 2) Movement inseparable from time and space (scrolling) 3) Shapes and contours painted not delineated by drawn lines as in cartoons 4) A painterly narrative different from that in a cinema film 5) The evidence of the artist's creative process in the spatial presentation of his work including its projection and the potential exhibition of various elements of his preparatory work Motion painting is unsuited to the usual distribution circuits of the animation film industry and therefore given little exposure. Motion painting which combines cinema, painting and installation readily finds a place in venues presenting contemporary art and its mixed media techniques
Moussiou, Anna. "Les rôles de l'enseignant et des apprenants dans la classe du FLE. De nouvelles perspectives." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30044.
Full textThe present study is about the teacher’s and the students’ role within the class of FFL (French Foreign Language), as well as about the new perspectives in foreign language teaching. The main objective of our research is to develop the theoretical framework in order to support the thesis that the teacher constitutes the main factor which defines the educational process. The present study is articulated in four parts:1) The first one develops the issue of foreign languages within a school environment. 2) The second one examines the complexity of class codes and language norms. 3) The third part is fully dedicated to the teacher, who is the factor of variation of the structural process in the class of foreign language. New competences emerge, as far as the teacher’s role is concerned. We indicate in this part the relation between the teacher’s work and the structuration process of the class. 4) The fourth part is an example of our fieldwork in the French Institute of Athens using video recording in a foreign language class. Our study, in its theoretical and practical aspects, has been effectuated on the grounds of opening new horizons in the future researches in core areas
Testa, Pierre. "Désiré Suou, 1785-1871 : un auteur varois inconnu, d'expression occitane provençale, Villecroze Aups-83." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30076.
Full textSuou Désiré, 1785 born in Villecroze (Var) is a provençal author whose name remains unknown of literary history, as his works were not published, outside a single poem lately published on a local newspaper. Our study is the critical edition of that part of his production we could find in two manuscripts, here presented with a traduction and an attempt of analysis. The thesis proposes an approach of this unknown occitan author's biography, and presents the testimony of a legitimist royalist about events which took place in Var's department during the first half of nineteenth century. It puts forwards, too, what we consider to be a poetical innovation, a new way for verse's construction, putting in relation the rainbow's colours, the rythmes's tonic vowels and the colour symbolism of christian religion
Brunet-Canabady-Rochelle, Anne-Gabrièle. "La Nuit transfigurée : essai sur l'imaginaire de la nuit dans le Cycle du Lancelot-Graal." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30060.
Full textConsistent with the traditional elements of classical anthropology, as well as those of Indo-european myths, Celtic legends and Christian theology, night and its corollaries – obscurity, natural or artificial light – are a key to understanding certain important aspects of the vast assemblage formed by the Lancelot-Grail cycle. Contrary to appearances, even though generally feared and frightening, night is a temporal space in which well known, key scenes are played out, scenes such as appearances of the Holy Grail or those where characters may give themselves over to dreams, meditation, love, or performing heroic feats appropriate to a nocturnal setting. The negative features of nighttime disappear, absorbed by the darkness which dominates shadowy places associated with the underworld (prisons, enchanted castles, cemeteries, tombs) or which dominates preternatural situations (characters bound in irons or tortured), all of which set challenges for the knights and represent so many steps in the process of their selection for even greater exploits. Through a methodical gathering of the extremely rich and nuanced vocabulary used in connection with nighttime and crepuscular moments, this study explores the full set of nocturnal or shadowy scenes and concludes with the tranquil space of a fictional night transformed by the magic of the Grail and by the act of writing
Requier-Ulrich, Sabine. "L' évolution de l'image de l'enfant personnage et de l'enfant lecteur entre les "Alice" de Lewis Carroll, "Le Hobbit" de J. R. R. Tolkien et "His Dark Materials" de Philip Pullman." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30052.
Full textFor about twenty years, children's literature has enjoyed an extraordinary boom, particularly thanks to crossover books which bridge the gap between adults and teenagers. Some sagas have become best-sellers, like "His Dark Materials" by Philip Pullman (1995-2000). Since the birth of children's literature in 1865 with the publication of "Alice in Wonderland" by Lewis Carroll, young readers have been infatuated with some narratives. In 1937, Tolkien created a new genre, Fantasy, with "The Hobbit", which became successful worlwide. At a time when we are questioning children's reading skills - as well as their desire to read - the destiny of these novels seems quite remarkable. How have they managed to appeal to so many young readers for years ? What are the narratological and aesthetic devices used by their authors ? What skills are inexperienced readers supposed to use in order to understand the meaning of a text while reading it ? How do such texts bring out and implement these reading skills ? Moreover, after being didactic for centuries, children's literature has become pedagogical, but has always remained an ideal way to transmit values which are not necessarily doxic. The axiological positions in each narrative reveal the idea a society gets of its children and the importance it gives them. Through the educational philosophy embodied in the presence of child characters and the indirect description of the child reader given by each text, we can delineate the portrait of a society at a given time
Stauss, Dimitri. "Vers une compréhension des origines de Caravage : l'influence vénitienne par rapport à l'influence lombarde à travers le contexte historique, social et religieux du XVIe siècle." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30087.
Full textThis thesis deals with the problems of the Venetian influence in the paintings of Caravaggio. The different features of the art of Michelangelo Merisi are analysed and systematically compared to the Venetian's references, but also Lombards, Florentines and Romans. The social, religious and cultural contexts are also presented, as to highlight the major influence of literature, philosophy, theology, along with painter's acquaintances, influences wich are not merely pictorials. Firstly we paid particular attention to the artistic, political and religious in which the painter was immersed in Milano. The problem of the hypothetical journey in Venice is also treated. Then, we study the relative questions with regards to the chiaroscuro, to colour, to the drawings, to the landscapes, to the faces and to their natural effects shapes but also to their possible Venetian source. Lastly we use examples and comparisons with the main painters of the Serenissima such as Giorgione, Titian or Tintoret, in order to concretely define if one can establish any link between them and Caravaggio. It is essential to study the Lombard painting and the artists of the region of Milano whose influence was upmost primordial. Our study aims to establish the progress of research on the painter, but also to the offer links and interpretations so as the study progress
Alsadhan, Muhammad. "L' expression des émotions et des sentiments dans le lexique français." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30091.
Full textThis work subscribes to a lexical and discursive method. The first part is dedicated to observations, definitions and descriptions of emotions and feelings. Then, we explore the psychological and linguistic dimensions of emotions. And finally, we confront emotional vocabulary to the test of textual data. We borrow from the praxematic some of its operational concepts that we use excerpts from a romantic novel by Stendhal, entitled The Red and Black. Our approach can be seen as a realistic and anthropological linguistics. We try to reflect the complexity and richness of the vocabulary of emotions and feelings. The analysis conducted showed that emotional praxemes are rich of meaning. They produce meaning through an underlying process. Apart from their relation to reality, these praxemes say intimacy, practical experience, emotional and relationship of love with each other. They represent how social relationships and love talk, this shows that the novelist operate, define and shape a whole system of meanings. The writer’s personal vision of emotions and feelings are embedded in this process. Emotions are a way for him to understand and feel the world in which he lives
Forain, Guillaume. ""A sport for the taste of the court" : présentation et traduction annotée de huit masques de cour de Ben Jonson (1605-1624)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30049.
Full textThis study offers the first full-length translation of eight texts written by Ben Jonson for Jacobean court masques. The masque, a cross-disciplinary genre and the counterpart of the French ballet de cour and Italian intermezzo, was short-lived (1605-1640), but dazzling. The first volume traces its origins and the work of the two artists who improved it over its predecessors : Jonson, by the quality of his texts, and Inigo Jones, whose lavish stage designs reduced the text to a mere foil in the next reign. Then, a critical overview of the genre shows that, far from being only a royal panegyric, masques often voiced complex political issues. The spirit and principles of this translation are also put forward : the aim was to express both the ideological and historical outdatedness of these texts (especially by translating into rhymed Alexandrine verse the iambic pentametres of the main masque – the panegyric part proper), but also their more modern dimension, especially in the comic passages of the antimasque. Lastly, there are many chronological, biographical and iconographical documents appended to this volume. The second volume includes the English text and French translation facing each other, accounts for the choice of the editions used (Herford & Simpson, Orgel), presents the historical context and main thematic lines of each masque, and provides numerous notes, taking into account the work of the previous commentators and the most recent critical contributions. This unprecedented translation aims at making Jonson’s masques available to the francophone community ; yet the updating work and interpretations offered in the substantial critical apparatus may prove useful to the specialists of the period
Rospide, Maylis. "Stratégies de "renormalisation" dans l'œuvre de Will Self." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30057.
Full textNorms are often regarded as a straightjacket, but they can also be considered a promise of changes: a normal organism is an organism which is capable of adapting itself to new norms. The second acceptation of the term invades the whole of Will Self’s oeuvre which flickers between prescription and the acknowledgment of variations. In the field of literary studies, genre seems to embody the concept of norms because it is an enabler (it makes reading possible by putting forth an array of rules, while it also tolerates alterations). Satire is a practical incarnation of genre theory in the corpus we have chosen, and it combines a wide-ranging gamut of literary forms including fantasy and the uncanny, or SF genres (a blanket term which refers to science fiction, alternate history and slipstream fiction). The polygenericity of Will Self’s work allows the author to cover a virtual field of possible departures from the rule, and then to return to the concept of normativity. This can be achieved either by granting variations the dominant status of norms, or by sealing off change in between impervious parentheses. This normative stance goes against the grain of contemporary criticism which usually advocates the subversion of teleology so as to institute an ethical approach to the text. Thus, postmodernism and poststructuralism address one another in order to undermine the very notion of normativity. In a context lacking a hierarchical relation to norms, the writer creates an extremely coherent body of works which etches upon its own surface a strong sense of design and purpose in the face of a world caught up in a whirlwind of dizzying infringements. This endangering of the human figure is dismissed with a panicked sleight of hand when the text portrays hybrids the better to condemn them. This attitude is adverse to the tenets of posthumanism which we regard as a theory that unearths the constructedness of humanism
Belgheddouche, Assia. "Le "bon" et le "mauvais" élève, une différence plus métacognitive que cognitive ? : quelles représentations chez les apprenants et les enseignants de FLE en Algérie ?" Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30086.
Full textThe representations of teachers and learners in FLE class play an unquestionable role when it comes to acquiring and learning a new language as the individuals who are experiencing the same situation act and interact through these representations. Regarding this modest work, we suggest a research on the Algerian teachers’ and learners’ representations. On the good/bad pupil/reader and their influence on acquiring, learning and teaching the French language at school. We have tried in this research to put the light on the difference between the good and the bad learner among the representation of our population, in order to find out the element that makes the distinction between the ones who succeed and those who find difficulties in their learning process. According to us, the difference is relevant to a meta-cognitive competency that these learners are missing. On the other hand, we have tried to find out if this difference is perceived in the same terms among our research subjects. We therefore have tried in this research, to identify the contents of these representations among our research subjects, aiming to know if they take into consideration the meta-cognitive element and if its contents as they are, can have an influence on teaching and learning the language. We also have worked on the representations of the good/bad reader in order to be able to update the perception of a good/bad pupil in the realisation of a concrete task, and what could this more focused perception bring to a task
Galby-Marinetti, Édouard. "Le livre-journal et la démocratie des consciences : le XIXe siècle dans le Paris assiégé." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30025.
Full textThe fall of the Second Empire, on the 4 th of September 1870, and the siege of Paris by the Prussian army crystallized some fundamental changes. This transformation evokes experiences, culture and the fantasies of the French population during the 19 th century including invasion warfare, revolution, freedom of talk and social justice. A kind of hybrid genre is born in the obsidional laboratory, blending a diaristic process and a personal selection of public proclamations. According to the method of daily, fragmentary writing, those texts combine intimate facts and public facts, all extracted from an investigation based on the loyalty to reality and a dynamic and immediate view. This self-expression meant for others who serve as witness and lecteur, was possible because of the conditions on general knowledge in the modern city. As the result of the extension of this writing phenomena and its integration into all literature (tales, short stories, novels, memoirs), it describes a time, a narrative of the present. This collective project of declaiming oneself materializes the new concept of history. It gives a conclusion to the romantic research, a gathering of the democratised subjectivism and positive criticisms. This is the affirmation of a new civilised person with a consciousness organised by his universal approach
Forestier, Michel. "Enquête sur la vie au travail : essai de philosophie anthropologique." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30062.
Full textThis research is based on a large notion of “working life” to avoid to restrict the philosophical enquiry to the modern and contemporary work. It has moreover a resolutely multidisciplinary characteristic and used a varied iconography showing the polysemy of the working life. First, it treats this life in its individual dimension (part 1 to 3), then in its collective and social ones (part 4 and 5). In the first part, the language game around the word “work” is examined and the working life facing to the other forms of life. The second part concerns the whole individual human life and interrogates the way the question of its quality seems to be put, especially its measure and in its filiation with the utilitarianism. It prepares the following step, which proposes an anthropological scheme of qualitative assessment of the working life. The two last parts square with a changing perspective. In the fourth, the work is examined in its values, then from an ethical point of view. The last one is dedicated to the work policy, included in an inhabited nature larger policy, which try to preserve the future of the mankind by a progressive contestation of our productivist civilisation, therefore the Work it has built. It invites to a social dialogue development as the only way to improve the conditions of the working life, and reflects on the conditions of this development
Miehé, Christian. "Michel Butor et la critique d'art." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30065.
Full textThis thesis explores the relationship between Michel Butor's writing and the visual arts. Butor is well known for his role in the "Nouveau roman", but his very personal contribution to art criticism together with his poetic approach to artistic creation have received scant attention. The structure of this thesis is tripartite. The first deals with "sources of influence". It analyses Butor's biography, pinning down the notion of art critic and examining his links with the writings on art of Diderot, Baudelaire, Claudel, Breton and Sartre. The second part, entitled "A critical shift", analyses texts of criticism or art history dealing with well-known artists, be they classical, modern or contemporary. It reveals the importance of Butor's approach in this domain and opens out into the notion of dialogue in the broad sense of the term. The third part, entitled "After criticism or transposition" examines the poetic transposition which takes over from art criticism. Texts undergo a rearrangement of their original writing to become encompassed in larger entities, ushering in a new approach to art criticism. This study thereby traces a development in Michel Butor's attitude to artists and their work, mirrored by a shift in his own writing moving from pure art criticism to a poetic transposition
Sol, Marie Désirée. "Imaginaire des langues et dynamique du français en contexte plurilingue. Enquête à Yaoundé." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30046.
Full textThis thesis on language representations and the dynamic of French in Cameroon presents the findings of a research work on the expansion of the French language in contact with the local languages of the country. In a multilingualism context, it is interesting to know the place and the value that each language has among its speakers. Nowadays, since the language question is more and more linked to countries’ development, it becomes very interesting to know what Cameroonians think about the languages they speak. This issue is more relevant in the case of French given its history, status, functions and prestige. It is a question of understanding the universe of perception of the individuals about French, in order to detect the direction of its dynamics. The purpose of this work is therefore to determine the dynamics of the French language both in its internal aspect (linguistic) and its external aspect (sociolinguistic). The study falls under the framework of linguistic representations that is to say the various behaviors towards languages of university teachers and student locatable in the epilinguistic productions. This research orientation shows that not only communicational attitudes or norms appear in their productions, but also prescriptions and idealizing, esthetic, historic fictions
Raisin-Fabre, Andrée. "Edition critique des "Amours diverses" d'Antoine de Nervèze." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30061.
Full textDespite the interest, carried on for a few years over the baroque period, has made it possible to enrich our vision of the 17th century by discovering the splendour and the inventiveness of this movement - eclipsed too long by classicism - with regards to Literary Baroque, we must admit that many works remain to be discovered. It is thus the case of Antoine de Nervèze's work which still remains partially unknown. As for the man, after having known two decades of success, he disappeared little by little from the memories. He was indeed a prolific writer - his work was published or republished from 1597 to 1632. His novels, mostly romantic and sentimental novels, were published in a collected form entitled "Les Amours Diverses" (Various Love Affairs), which after having ensured him honours and fame, brought him the most virulent criticisms ever, his style being qualified as "pure gibberish" and "phoebus". Nevertheless, the review of these texts not only makes it possible to discover some interesting writing techniques, but also and especially, to analyse the personal approach of this noble man, a mundane per necessity, who was also an excessively heart devout person. Indeed his approach asserts itself more clearly in his other pious and moral novels which represent the major part of his work. One can recognize Antoine de Nervèze as the precursor of Preciosity, the devout Novel and the initiator of a moral conception of the nobility announcing that of "the honnête homme (honest man)"
Harrami, Salma. "RSE et Management des risques psychosociaux (RPS) dans l'industrie Textile au Maroc : le stress professionnel et son impact sur le bien-être des salariés." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. https://ged.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2020MON30027.
Full textIn recent years, after the social tragedy of the ROSAMOR textile factory in Casablanca, in 2008, in which 55 workers died, Morocco has undertaken to take on many responsibilities in the social sector (occupational risks, health and occupational safety, disability, etc.), and to fight against bad practices which deteriorate the distribution and prevention of occupational risks, and constitute a real public health problem.The ghost of this sinister industrialist, a factor of laxity and criminal unconsciousness, is still omnipresent. Faced with this critical situation, the Moroccan State has taken into consideration the moral requirement to be part of a genuine policy of prevention and health and safety at work, by being the central subject of social dialogue within the 'company. This thesis consists in clarifying the current situation of a few Moroccan companies in the textile sector (SMEs and multinationals) in relation to the question raised, in determining the theories on the management of psychosocial risks according to a review of the literature based on the fundamental concepts of our study (RSE, RPS, Stress and BE).And this, by focusing on stress at work which is characterized by an imbalance between the ability of employees to cope with a work situation, and well-being at work that we define as a strength and a means of development. the overall performance of a company. According to a hypothetico-deductive research methodology and a positivist epistemological positioning, the data will be collected using validated questionnaires, which are based on the main axes of our research object, on a representative sample of 130 employees of the Moroccan textile sector, by mobilizing the resource conservation theory (COR) of Hobfoll.The latter is based on the two methods of factorial analysis and regression, to measure the explanatory and descriptive variables, and to demonstrate the nomological validity of the link between our concepts, and to see if this relation is consistent or not with the predictions made. of our theoretical reflections. Our study aims to encourage Moroccan textile companies to engage in a CSR approach and to make the managerial decisions necessary to ensure continuous improvement, to give importance to the human factor.Keywords: Psychosocial risks, professional stress, well-being at work, STT, cultural dimension, performance, CSR
Ngo, Thi Hong Giang. "Interfaces bleu de Prusse, bicouches lipidiques : vers un nouveau vecteur biomimétique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2020MONTT011.
Full textIn this study, we aimed to show the feasibility of the preparation of biomimetic hybrid vectors combining liposomes with a Prussian blue coating for theranostic application. The liposomes would allow us to encapsulate drugs, while the Prussian blue outer layer would provide photothermal and contrasting features to the vector. The Prussian blue deposition has first been optimized on a simple amino-gold flat surface, on which we deposited Prussian blue Analog preformed particles. Then, a new method of Prussian blue preparation has been developed, by simultaneous addition of Prussian blue precursors, to grow nanostructures directly on the flat surface model. This model was then improved by depositing a supported lipid bilayer on top of it. It made possible the growth of Prussian blue structures on a flat lipid bilayer, still by our rapid method of simultaneous addition. Then, the influence of the lipid bilayer composition was studied, as well as the interaction time between the Prussian blue precursors and the lipids. Finally, it has been showed that the deposition of Prussian blue nanostructures could also be performed on a spherical model of supported lipid bilayer, paving the way to the coating of liposomes encapsulating drugs
Meric, Renaud. "L' appréhension spatiale de l'écoute : un mouvement entre imagination et perception. L'exemple de la musique électroacoustique." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30063.
Full textThe notion of space became crucial in the music of the 20th century and more specifically in the electroacoustic music. By taking account of the idea of grasp of listening, we want to find a link between body, space, listening and sound: we are here based in particular on the idea of “flesh”, developed by the philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty in his last works and on the concept of “enaction” introduced by the neurobiologist Francisco J. Varela. In this way, the listening can be defined as the grasp gesture as well as what is grasped (sounds): then, the grasped space becomes a complex movement where the grasp gestures and the movements peculiar to the sound interweave and merge themselves. The sound, grasped in space, can be thus considered as a moving, ephemeral and complex phenomenon, constantly set between imagination and perception. The electroacoustic and computer musics, in correlation with their researches on sound space, have nurtured this evanescent aspect of sound. To illustrate that, we finish our thesis by analyzing the composers’ electroacoustic music works who, each one in his own way, has attached an importance to sound space: Concret PH by Iannis Xenakis, Paysage, personnage, nuage by François Bayle, Gymel by Horacio Vaggione and Audible ecosystemics 3a, background noise study by Agostino Di Scipio
Al, Ward Hussein. "Malentendu en négociations interculturelles : analyse et propositions didactiques." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30037.
Full textStudies of verbal interaction in an intercultural situation carried out until now in France have focused on French culture in comparison with other European, Asian, African, Latin-American cultures or Arab groups such as North Africans, Egyptians, Lebanese and Syrians. Other Arab cultures still remain well off this research field. Thus, it appears interesting to undertake a study of intercultural interactions, where the partners are from Yemen and France, whose language of communication is French. The work we present is to analyze, from audiovisual recordings, the difficulties of communication and the means used to overcome them. After explaining the context of the study and the theoretical framework of research, we investigate the communicative and interactional conducts of Yemeni subjects practicing the French language to determine their competence to communicate in an intercultural environment and in exolingual situation, the nature of their gaps as well as their efforts to overcome these difficulties. We identify the communication strategies implemented to repair any dysfunction or misunderstanding. The purpose of our study is, in fact, to contribute to a better knowledge of the intercultural communication by making, using (ICT), didactic proposals to the teaching of French language for Yemeni learners, because awareness of the communicative differences helps to reduce misperceptions and misunderstandings often affecting the intercultural meetings
Šahāwī, ʿAbīr al. "Recherches sur la décoration des tombes thébaines du Nouvel Empire : originalités iconographiques et innovations." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON3035.
Full textThe paintings of the Theban Tombs constitute a unique figural domain that reached the apogee in the New Kingdom. Examining the figural inputs in more than 300 tombs, what interests us is the innovations in the repertory of those sepulchres. This means to identify, document, compare, and interpret these innovations as a means of visual communications having several hermeneutic levels. Most of the innovative details, themes, treatments appeared in the period of the beginning of the Empire. While most of the scenes exhibiting emancipations of the pictorial convention were attested in the period of the Maturity. With absence of other criteria of dating, those innovative elements would suggest a probable dating. The majority of the novel scenes were effectuated in the chapel of the tomb, in the hall, the closest to the world of living and the most frequented by the visitors. Half of the considered scenes are placed on the focal wall of the tomb. The majority occupy the whole wall or that emplacement apart from a sub-register, or simply situate on registers I-II. That emplacement at the eye-level of the visitors of the chapels suggests and underlines the desire of the artist to have the work noticed and contemplated. Scenes concerning the “subject pole” and the “subject/object pole” were fertile domains for the innovations. The examination of the novelties permitted us to put aside the idea of a model book
Lafon, Michel. "L' occitan et l'école en Aveyron : 1920-1970 : entre hostilité et tolérance." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30083.
Full textIn a department whose usual language is occitan, by what means was imposed french at school? Soft, or insidious, or violent methods? The part played by academic administrative authorities as well as by diocesan authorities and by teachers in their classes. The various forms of opposition to the use of “langue d’oc”, termed “patois” in schools and Sunday schools. The first ones to teach occitan at primary school, in colleges and lycees: initiatives, justifications proposed, debates, actions led and press. The propositions of social actors, syndicates, associations, political and religious executives with regard to the proposition of teaching occitan at school, pedagogical documentation. The successive steps and chaotical progresses of occitan teaching, from primary up to second level schools; the long walk that allowed to get over clearly stated official hostility and from the interdiction of “patois” to tolerance, towards endly those bilingual classes that by the end of XXth lead occitan to be not only a taught language but a teaching language as well. Along with this thesis comes a picture “What for a lingo is that?” including some 40 accounts about how actors of this evolution did live it
Bouchet, Alexandra. "L' écriture de l'histoire dans les autobiographies de soldats de l'Espagne Moderne : (Contreras, Pasamonte, Castro, Duque de Estrada)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2009MON30059.
Full textThe four soldiers’ stories are autobiographies and are therefore based on their authors’ life trajectory. Of course, we do not expect to discover any «introspective» writing like the ones that Philippe Lejeune mentions in his definition. Yet, while these writings remain typical of their period, the model adopted has a certain number of common characteristics with present-day autobiography. Also the analysis of the different modes of the writing of the self makes it possible to discover the narratological devices sometimes used by the soldiers in order to present themselves in a favourable light. At that time an individual could not be seen separately from his or her role in society, and these soldiers’ lives are very intimately connected to military activity as well as history. This study shows that these four authors did not necessarily act as historians, although they were part of the armed wing of the king of Spain. Their goal was not writing memoirs. If sometimes the narrator transcribes an event because he judges it interesting or wants to express an opinion about it, in the majority of cases, history is only a material used by him to demonstrate his real or imagined heroic behaviour. They end up writing « historias poéticas » as said Guzmán de Alfarache. Therefore, written history and the writing of the self function reveal a «poetical » history of mentalities drawn from the four soldiers’ exaggerated or picaresque behaviours, which increase the poetical aspect of the stories
De, Solan Bethmale Thomas. "Évolution de la coloration : une étude de la palette des vertébrés." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. https://ged.biu-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2020MONTG063.
Full textColoration often has an essential role in both the survival and the reproduction of individuals. Because of this role, its evolution is determined by multiple, and often opposite, selective pressures. These characteristics make coloration an interesting trait to understand the fine details of the processes that shape the evolution of phenotypes. During my PhD, my aim was to disentangle the different selective forces shaping the evolution of coloration and to understand the influence of coloration evolution on diversification processes. Although a solid literature on these subjects is already done, most of the previous studies were made at the species levels. The originality of my work lies in the utilization of large-scale comparative analysis, applied to different species coming from three major clades of vertebrates, Aves, Amphibia and Squamata, to address these questions. I first investigated the selective pressures determining coloration variations at the intraspecific scale. Using coloration data of two species of newts, I showed that selection for interspecific recognition determines the evolution of colorations visible at short range, while selection for crypsis influences the colorations visible at distance. Secondly, I investigated the selective forces shaping coloration at the interspecific scale. I studied how mimetic colorations evolves in communities. To detect mimetic species I developed a new method based on artificial neural networks. I also proposed a new framework to study defensive mimicry, which emphasize the role of both cues and signals in the evolution of aposematic colorations. Besides mimicry, I tested the relative influence of natural and sexual selection on the disparity and the rate of evolution of coloration in three clades of vertebrates. This analysis highlighted that sexual traits do not always have higher rates of evolution nor a higher disparity than non-sexual traits. Finally, I focused on the interplay between the evolution of coloration and species diversification. Because coloration has a role in numerous functions, it may influence diversification processes. However, in Lacertids, I showed that neither the evolution of sexual coloration nor color polymorphism affected the rates of speciation
Taksande, Kiran. "Exploration of the Ionic Conduction Properties of Porous MOF Materials." Thesis, Montpellier, 2022. https://ged.scdi-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2022UMONS010.
Full textThe conductivity performance of a new series of chemically stable proton conducting Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as well as a superionic molecular crystal was explored. The contribution of this PhD was to (i) select a variety of architectures and functionalities of robust MOFs/superionic molecular solids and (ii) characterize and rationalize their conducting performance over various temperature/humidity conditions. We designed two series of MOFs to achieve promising proton-conducting performance, using distinct approaches to modulate the concentration of Brønsted acidic sites and charge carriers and further boost the conductivity properties. First, a multicomponent ligand replacement strategy was successfully employed to elaborate a series of multivariate sulfonic-based solids MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x which combine structural integrity with high proton conductivity values (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 363 K/95% Relative Humidity -RH-). Secondly, a proton conducting composite was prepared through the impregnation of an ionic liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, EMIMCl) in the mesoporous MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H. The resulting composite displaying high thermal and chemical stability, exhibits outstanding proton conductivity not only at the anhydrous state (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) but also under humidity (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1) conditions. Finally, the ionic conducting properties of another class of porous solids, considering a zirconium-formate molecular solid containing KCl ion pairs (ZF-3) were explored. ZF-3 switches from an insulator (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 at 363 K/0% RH) to a superionic conductor upon hydration (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 363 K/95 % RH), in relation with the boost of Cl- dynamics upon water adsorption. Noteworthy, quantum- and force-field based simulations were combined with the experimental approach to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of the ionic conducting properties of the studied materials. This fundamental knowledge will serve to create novel robust superionic conductors with outstanding performances that will pave the way towards appealing societal applications for clean energy production