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Academic literature on the topic 'NLO Calculations'

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Published: 9 March 2023
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Journal articles on the topic "NLO Calculations"

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Bevilacqua, G., M. Czakon, M. V. Garzelli, A. van Hameren, Y. Malamos, C. G. Papadopoulos, R. Pittau, and M. Worek. "NLO QCD calculations with HELAC-NLO." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 205-206 (August 2010): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2010.08.045.

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Bevilacqua, G. "Recent developments in automated NLO calculations: the HELAC-NLO case." Fortschritte der Physik 58, no. 7-9 (March 16, 2010): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prop.201000045.

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Cullen, G., H. van Deurzen, N. Greiner, G. Heinrich, G. Luisoni, P. Mastrolia, E. Mirabella, et al. "GoSam applications for automated NLO calculations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 523 (June 6, 2014): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/523/1/012056.

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Ventura, G. B., D. J. Passos, J. M. Viana Parente Lopes, and J. M. B. Lopes dos Santos. "Theoretical calculations of nonlinear optical calculations of 2D materials." EPJ Web of Conferences 233 (2020): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023303001.

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One important feature of two dimensional (2D) materials is that they possess an exceptional nonlinear optical (NLO) response to light, with conduc¬tivities that are several orders of magnitude larger than their 3D counterparts. The theoretical descriptions of these NLO responses in crystalline systems in¬volve two different representations of the perturbation: the length and velocity gauges. The former has been the formalism of choice for the past two decades; the latter was implemented only recently, due to concerns that it could not be pratically implemented without breaking sum rules – a set of identities that en¬sure the equivalence between the two formalisms – which would then render the results unphysical. In this work, we shall review and summarize our contri¬butions to the study of the two formalisms and of their relationship by means of the aforementioned sum rules.
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DU, XIAOFENG, NANA MA, SHILING SUN, HAIMING XIE, and YONGQING QIU. "THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION ON PHOTOISOMERIZATION SWITCHABLE SECOND-ORDER NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Λ-SHAPED DIARYLETHENE DERIVATIVES." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 12, no. 04 (June 2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633613500296.

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The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of Λ-shaped diarylethene (DAE) derivatives 1a(b)–4a(b) and their NLO switching effects were studied by using the density functional theory (DFT) methods. The results demonstrate that all of the open-ring molecules and their own closed-ring forms meet the model of NLO switching tuned by photoisomerization. The βtot values of 1b–3b are 16 times as small as that of their open-ring forms, and βtot value of 4b is 4 times as large as that of 4a. The spin interactions of open-shell closed-ring molecules are larger than that of their open-ring forms, and it could increase the NLO responses to some degree. Nature bond orbital (NBO) calculations indicate that large charge differences between electron-deficient and electron-rich centers are beneficial to charge transfer (CT), and the overlap between frontier molecular orbital (FMO) is also advantageous to the CT and NLO responses. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations show βtot values of all molecules meet the two-level model very well, and the smaller the ΔE ge , the larger the βtot value.
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CABUK, SULEYMAN. "FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC, LINEAR, AND NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Li(Nb, Ta)O3." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 32 (December 30, 2010): 6277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210054415.

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We investigate the energy band structure, total density of states, the linear, nonlinear optical (NLO) response, and the electron energy-loss spectrum for Li(Nb, Ta)O 3 using first principles calculations based on density functional theory in its local density approximation. Our calculation shows that these compounds have similar structures. The indirect band gaps of 3.39 eV (LiNbO3) and 3.84 eV (LiTaO3) at the Γ–Z direction in the Brillouin zone are found. A simple scissor approximation is applied to adjust the band energy gap from the calculations to match the experimental values. The optical spectra are analyzed and the origins of some of the peaks in the spectra are discussed in terms of calculated electronic structure. Calculations are reported for the frequency-dependent complex second-order NLO susceptibilities [Formula: see text] up to 10 eV and for zero-frequency limit [Formula: see text]. The results are compared with the theoretical calculations and the available experimental data.
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Laenen, Eric. "NLO calculations for charm production in DIS." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 26, no. 5 (April 28, 2000): 734–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/26/5/337.

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Gleisberg, T., and F. Krauss. "Automating dipole subtraction for QCD NLO calculations." European Physical Journal C 53, no. 3 (December 15, 2007): 501–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0495-0.

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Catani, S., and M. H. Seymour. "NLO calculations in QCD: a general algorithm." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 51, no. 3 (December 1996): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(96)90030-4.

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Günay, N., H. Pir, D. Avcı, and Y. Atalay. "NLO and NBO Analysis of Sarcosine-Maleic Acid by Using HF and B3LYP Calculations." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/712130.

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We report a theoretical study on molecular structure, vibrational spectra, nonlinear optical (NLO), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of sarcosine-maleic acid (C7H11NO6) in the ground state calculated by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional method (DFT/B3LYP) with 6–31++G(d,p) basis set. We repeat NBO calculations with 6–31G(d,p) basis set so as to see the diffuse function impact on NBO analysis. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interactions and charge delocalization has been analyzed using NBO analysis. NBO analysis shows that there is a O–H⋯O and N–H⋯O hydrogen bond in the title compound, which is consistent with the conclusion obtained by the analysis of molecular structure. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Also, these results are supported by the NLO parameters. Finally, the calculated results were applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed good agreement with experimental ones.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NLO Calculations"

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Proudom, Josselin. "Supersymmetric phenomenology : polarized collisions and precision calculations." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY079/document.

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Les théories supersymétriques, telles que le Modèle Standard Supersymétrique Minimal, constituent des extensions très populaires du Modèle Standard de physique des particules, et sont activement recherchées au Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Dans cette thèse, nous nous concentrons sur deux aspects de la phénoménologie des théories supersymétriques aux collisionneurs hadroniques de haute-énergie, à savoir les collisions polarisées, et les calculs de précision. Dans un premier temps, nous réalisons une étude au Leading Order (LO), dans laquelle nous montrons comment la présence de faisceaux polarisés (longitudinalement) pourrait nous aider à différencier des modèles de Nouvelle Physique présentant la même signature à l'état final. A titre d'exemple, nous considérons le cas d'une classe particulière de scénarios, menant à la production de monotops, qui correspondent à la production d'un quark top en association avec de l'énergie transverse manquante. Nous présentons nos résultats pour un LHC polarisé à 14 TeV, et pour le récemment proposé Futur Collisionneur Circulaire (FCC), supposé opérer à 100 TeV. Par la suite, nous nous concentrons sur la réalisation de prédictions de précisions pour la production de paires de particules supersymétriques colorées au next-to-leading order (NLO) en QCD supersymétrique, avec ou sans violation non-minimale de saveur, et avec ou sans Parton Shower (PS). Plus particulièrement, nous fournissons les premiers résultats (préliminaires) pour la production de squark-antisquark au NLO en SUSY-QCD avec violation non-minimale de saveur, dans le cas d'un calcul à ordre perturbatif fixe, et considérons dans le contexte de modèles simplifiés la production par paires de particules colorées de type scalaire et Majorana au NLO avec PS
Supersymmetric theories, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), constitute very popular extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics that are extensively searched for at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this thesis, we focus on two specific aspects of the phenomenology of supersymmetric theories at high-energy hadron colliders, namely polarized collisions and precision calculations. First, we perform a Leading Order (LO) study, in which we show how the availability of (longitudinally) polarized proton beams could us help us to disentangle various Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) scenarios exhibiting the same final-state signature. For the sake of illustration, we focus on the case of one particular class of scenarios leading to monotop production, which corresponds to the production of a top quark in association with missing transverse energy. We present our results for a polarized LHC at 14 TeV, and for the recently proposed Future Circular Collider (FCC), supposed to operate at 100 TeV. Then, we concentrate on precise predictions for the pair production of coloured supersymmetric particles at next-to-leading order (NLO) in supersymmetric QCD, with or without Non-Minimal Flavour Violations (NMFV), and with or without matching those predictions with Parton Showers (PS). More specifically, we provide the first preliminary results for squark-antisquark pair production at NLO in SUSY-QCD with NMFV, in the case of a fixed order calculation, and consider in the context of simplified models the pair production of coloured scalar and coloured Majorana particles at NLO matched with PS
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Götz, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Helicity methods in LO and NLO QCD calculations / Daniel Götz." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058997939/34.

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Rubin, Mathieu. "A new LHC search channel for a light Higgs boson and associated QCD calculations." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508770.

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Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude de divers sujets liés à la physique du LHC et à ses prédictions. Nous nous sommes dans un premier temps intéressés à la recherche au LHC d'un boson de Higgs léger ($M_H\simeq 120$ GeV) et boosté ($p_{t,H}>200$ GeV) dans le canal $pp\rightarrow WH$ et $pp\rightarrow ZH$ avec $H\rightarrow b\bar b$. Nous avons montré comment, à partir d'une analyse de la sous-structure des jets en deux étapes respectivement appelées ``mass-drop'' et ``filtering'', il est possible de réduire de manière significative les divers backgrounds (mass-drop) et d'améliorer la résolution en masse lors de la reconstruction du Higgs (filtering). Cela nous a permis de rendre prometteur ce canal de recherche au LHC, longtemps considéré comme trop difficile. A partir de là nous nous sommes concentrés plus particulièrement sur la procédure du ``filtering'', qui permet de supprimer autant que possible l'effet du bruit de fond diffus que constituent l'underlying-event et le pile-up, en majeur partie responsable de la dégradation de la résolution. Nous avons optimisé ses paramètres à partir d'une analyse semi-analytique, ce qui nous a conduits à l'étude de la structure des ``non-global'' logarithms qui interviennent lors du calcul de la distribution en masse du Higgs. Finalement, nous nous sommes penchés sur les processus dont la série perturbative présente une mauvaise convergence au next-to-leading (NLO) order pour certaines observables, une caractéristique que nous avions en particulier remarquée pour les processus Z+jet et W+jet à grand $p_t$ lors de notre première étude sur le Higgs. Cet aspect est important car cette mauvaise convergence induit une perte de confiance sur les prédictions résultant des calculs perturbatifs. Il devient donc nécessaire d'examiner les ordres supérieurs, ce que permet de façon approximative un nouvel outil que nous avons élaboré, appelé ``LoopSim'', qui combine divers ordres de la théorie des perturbations de manière à annuler les divergences molles et collinéaires qui apparaissent inévitablement.
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ALIOLI, SIMONE. "Matching next-to-leading-order QCD calculations with shower Monte Carlo Simulations: single vector boson and higgs boson productions in powheg." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/7381.

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In the past years, next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD computations have become standard tools for phenomenological studies at lepton and hadron colliders. On the experimental side, instead, general purpose Shower Monte Carlo (SMC) programs have become the main tools used in the analysis. These programs perform a resummation of all order leading logarithmic contributions in soft and collinear approximation. The whole process is thus represented as a parton shower, in which subsequent emissions are strongly ordered. Being fully exclusive, it is easy to interface them with phenomenological hadronization models, enabling the comparison with experimental data. However, they do not enforce NLO accuracy. In view of increasing precision required to disentangle signals from backgrounds, at present and future colliders, it has become clear that SMC programs should be improved, when possible, with NLO results. In this way a large amount of the acquired knowledge on QCD corrections would be made directly available to the experimentalists, in a flexible form that they could easily use for simulations. The problem of merging NLO calculations with parton shower simulations is basically that of avoiding overcounting, since the SMC programs already implement approximate NLO corrections. Several proposals have appeared in the literature during past years to overcome this problem. However, the first general solution to the overcounting was the MC@NLO proposal. The basic idea of MC@NLO is that of avoiding the overcounting by subtracting from the exact NLO cross section its approximation, as implemented in the SMC program to which the NLO computation is then matched. Such approximated cross section is computed analytically, and is SMC dependent. On the other hand, the MC subtraction terms are process-independent, and thus, for a given SMC, can be computed once and for all. In the current version of the MC@NLO code, the MC subtraction terms have been computed for the HERWIG SMC. In turns out, however, that in general, the exact NLO cross section minus the MC subtraction terms does not need to be positive. Therefore MC@NLO can generate events with negative weights. For the processes implemented so far, negative-weighted events may reach about 10--15% of the total. More recently, a method, named POWHEG (Positive Weight Hardest Emission Generator), was proposed that overcomes the problem of negative weighted events, and that is not SMC specific. In the POWHEG method the hardest radiation is generated first, with a technique that yields only positive-weighted events using the exact NLO matrix elements. The POWHEG output can then be interfaced to any SMC program that is either pt-ordered, or allows the implementation of a pt veto. The POWHEG method has been successfully tested in several production processes, both at leptonic and hadronic colliders. Among these we list: $ZZ$, $Q\bar{Q}$ hadroproduction, $ q\bar{q}$ and top pairs production and decay from $e^+e^-$ annihilation, Drell-Yan vector boson production, $W'$ production, Higgs boson production via gluon fusion, Higgs boson production associated with a vector boson (Higgs-strahlung) and single top, both in the $s$- and $t$-channel production mechanism. Detailed comparisons have been carried out between the POWHEG and MCatNLO results, and reasonable agreement has been found, which nicely confirms the validity of both approaches. In the present work we give a detailed description of the POWHEG method and an overview of two specific applications: single vector boson and Higgs boson production via gluon fusion. We first present the features of a general subtraction scheme. Then, we illustrate in detail two such schemes, which we adopted in calculations appearing in this thesis: the Catani and Seymour (CS) and the Frixione, Kunszt and Signer (FKS) one. Next we concentrate on the application of the POWHEG method to the process of single vector boson production, where, in the POWHEG framework, the Catani-Seymour subtraction approach was employed for the first time. We also introduced a generalization of the method in order to deal with vanishing Born cross sections, as in the case of $W^\pm$ production. Matrix elements were evaluated from scratch using helicity amplitude methods, including finite width effects, $Z/\gamma$ interference and angular correlations of decay products. Our program has been interfaced both with HERWIG and with PYTHIA, two of the most popular Shower Monte Carlo used in simulations. Results were found in remarkable agreement both with Tevatron data and with the MC@NLO program. We also discuss results at the LHC collider. Higgs boson production via gluon fusion process is then presented, with applications to both Tevatron and LHC colliders. Gluon fusion is the predominant Higgs boson production channel over a wide range of masses. Matrix elements were evaluated analytically and regularized according to the FKS subtraction formalism. In this case, results show agreement with MC@NLO distributions up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) contributions. However, we fully understand the origin of these discrepancies and show that the POWHEG framework allows enough flexibility to get rid of them, if it is needed. Our results were also checked against NNLO and $q_T$ resummed available calculations, giving expected results.
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ROCCO, MARCO. "Power corrections in a transverse-momentum cut for colour-singlet production at NLO and NNLO in QCD." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/301980.

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La tesi si occupa delle correzioni di potenza calcolate su un parametro-soglia di momento trasverso che interessano calcoli perturbativi di ordine superiore nella costante di accoppiamento forte. In particolare, si impone un parametro-soglia di momento trasverso, qt_cut, su uno stato finale bianco e si calcolano le correzioni di potenza sul parametro-soglia, fino alla quarta potenza, per la sezione d'urto inclusiva al primo ordine sottodominante in QCD. Inoltre, si considera lo stesso processo al secondo ordine sottodominante in QCD, limitandosi al contributo reale-virtuale, e si calcolano le correzioni di potenza per la sezione d'urto inclusiva sino alla seconda potenza sul parametro-soglia. Lo studio della dipendenza della sezione d'urto dal parametro-soglia permette di approfondire il comportamento della prima nei limiti dello spazio delle fasi, dando indizi sulla struttura a tutti gli ordini nella costante di accoppiamento forte e sull'identificazione di caratteristiche universali. La conoscenza delle correzioni di potenza è poi un ingrediente fondamentale per ridurre la dipendenza delle sezioni d'urto di QCD dal parametro-soglia quando viene applicato un metodo slicing come la sottrazione-qt. Si presentano, quindi, risultati analitici per la produzione di un bosone vettore e per la produzione di un bosone di Higgs al primo ordine sottodominante in QCD, e per la parte reale-virtuale del canale qg per la produzione di un bosone vettore al secondo ordine. Nel dettaglio, si illustra una procedura generale per il calcolo delle correzioni di potenza sul parametro-soglia. Per mostrare l'impatto numerico di tali correzioni, si presentano dei risultati numerici e si discute di come la dipendenza residuale da qt_cut interessi la sezione d'urto totale della produzione di un bosone Z o di un bosone di Higgs presso LHC. La seconda parte della tesi, complementare alla prima, è dedicata allo sviluppo di un'interfaccia tra MadGraph5_aMC@NLO e POWHEG BOX, al fine di coniugare la flessibilità di MadGraph quando genera gli elementi di matrice per processi del Modello Standard o di sue estensioni, con tutte le caratteristiche di POWHEG BOX. Tra di esse, la possibilità di generare eventi con peso positivo è fondamentale e rende POWHEG uno dei metodi più usati quando sono necessari campioni molto numerosi. Al fine di testare l'interfaccia, si studia la produzione di un bosone di spin 0 assieme a due getti, con accoppiamenti che violano CP. Si discutono delle distribuzioni che caratterizzano le proprietà del bosone e alcuni risultati ottenuti con la funzione di ripesamento di POWHEG BOX. Infine, si presentano alcune distribuzioni ottenute con il metodo MiNLO.
The thesis deals with the power corrections in a transverse-momentum cutoff that affect perturbative calculations at higher orders in the strong coupling constant. In particular, we impose a transverse-momentum cutoff, qt_cut, on a colourless final state and we compute the power corrections for the inclusive QCD next-to-leading-order cross section in the cutoff, up to the fourth power. We also consider the same production process at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD, restricting ourselves to the real-virtual contribution, and we compute the power corrections up to the second power in the cutoff for the inclusive cross section. The study of the dependence of the cross section on qt_cut allows for an understanding of its behaviour at the boundaries of the phase space, giving hints on the structure at all orders in the strong coupling constant and on the identification of universal patterns. The knowledge of such power corrections is also a required ingredient in order to reduce the dependence on the transverse-momentum cutoff of the QCD cross sections at higher orders, when the qt-subtraction method, i.e. a slicing scheme, is applied. We present analytic results for both Drell-Yan vector-boson and Higgs-boson production in gluon fusion at next-to-leading order in QCD, and for the real-virtual part of the qg-initiated channel of vector-boson production at NNLO in QCD. In particular, we illustrate a process-independent procedure for the calculation of the all-order power corrections in the cutoff. In order to show the impact of the power-correction terms, we present selected numerical results and discuss how the residual dependence on qt_cut affects the total cross section for Drell-Yan Z production and Higgs boson production via gluon fusion at the Large Hadron Collider. A second and complementary part of the thesis is devoted to the development of an interface between MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and the POWHEG BOX framework, in order to match the flexibility of MadGraph for the generation of matrix elements for Standard-Model processes and for several of its extensions, to all features of the POWHEG BOX framework. Among those, it is essential the possibility, via the POWHEG method, to generate events with positive weights, which makes it the method of choice when large samples of events are needed. As a proof of concept, we provide a phenomenological study for the production of a spin-0 Higgs-like boson, in association with up to two jets, with CP-violating couplings. We discuss a few distributions able to characterise the spin-0 boson CP properties, and discuss a few results obtained using the POWHEG BOX reweighting feature. We also present a few distributions obtained with the MiNLO method.
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Currie, James Richard. "Antenna subtraction for NNLO calculations at the LHC." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4942/.

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In this thesis the task of computing higher order corrections to QCD scattering processes for the LHC is considered, specifically Next-to Leading Order (NLO) and Next-toNext-to Leading Order (NNLO) perturbative QCD corrections. The infrared (IR) divergent behaviour of the cross section is isolated using the antenna subtrac- tion formalism. This method has previously been used at NNLO in the calculation of jet production in the context of e+e− annihilation and for the leading colour contribution to dijet production via pure gluon scattering. The research presented in this thesis extends the formalism to include scattering processes involving quarks with initial-state partons. General formulae, including sub-leading colour contributions, are presented for the isolation and cancellation of IR and singularities when calculating the production of colourless final-states at the LHC at NLO and NNLO accuracy. The leading colour NNLO correction to the sub-process qq ̄ → gg is calculated and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the convergence of the physical cross section and the subtraction terms in the various unresolved limits. The calculations are organised with the aid of convenient quantities, referred to as integrated antenna strings. Using these quantities, the full calculation displays a clear and predictive structure, in particular at the double virtual level where the structures presented are new.
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Larsen, Kasper J. "Maximal Unitarity at Two Loops : A New Method for Computing Two-Loop Scattering Amplitudes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179203.

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The study of scattering amplitudes beyond one loop is necessary for precision phenomenology for the Large Hadron Collider and may also provide deeper insights into the theoretical foundations of quantum field theory. In this thesis we develop a new method for computing two-loop amplitudes, based on unitarity rather than Feynman diagrams. In this approach, the two-loop amplitude is first expanded in a linearly independent basis of integrals. The process dependence thereby resides in the coefficients of the integrals. These expansion coefficients are then the object of calculation. Our main results include explicit formulas for a subset of the integral coefficients, expressing them as products of tree-level amplitudes integrated over specific contours in the complex plane. We give a general selection principle for determining these contours. This principle is then applied to obtain the coefficients of integrals with the topology of a double box. We show that, for four-particle scattering, each double-box integral in the two-loop basis is associated with a uniquely defined complex contour, referred to as its master contour. We provide a classification of the solutions to setting all propagators of the general double-box integral on-shell. Depending on the number of external momenta at the vertices of the graph, these solutions are given as a chain of pointwise intersecting Riemann spheres, or a torus. This classification is needed to define master contours for amplitudes with arbitrary multiplicities. We point out that a basis of two-loop integrals with as many infrared finite elements as possible allows substantial technical simplications, in terms of obtaining the coefficients of the integrals, as well as for the analytic evaluation of the integrals themselves. We compute two such integrals at four points, obtaining remarkably compact expressions. Finally, we provide a check on a recently developed recursion relation for the all-loop integrand of the amplitudes of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, examining the two-loop six-gluon MHV amplitude and finding agreement. The validity of the approach to two-loop amplitudes developed in this thesis extends to all four-dimensional gauge theories, in particular QCD. The approach is suited for obtaining compact analytical expressions as well as for numerical implementations.
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Lim, Matthew Alexander. "Quantum chromodynamics and the precision phenomenology of heavy quarks." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/285109.

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In this thesis we consider the phenomenology of the theory of strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), with particular reference to the ongoing experimental program at the Large Hadron Collider in CERN. The current progress in precision measurement of Standard Model processes at the LHC experiments must be matched with corresponding precision in theoretical predictions, and to this end we present calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbation theory of observable quantities involving quarks and gluons, the strongly interacting particles of the SM. Such calculations form the most important class of corrections to observables and are vital if we are to untangle signals of New Physics from LHC data. We consider in particular the amplitudes for five parton interactions at 1- and 2-loop order and present full (in the 1-loop case) and partial (in the 2-loop case) analytic results in terms of rational functions of kinematic invariants multiplying a basis of master integrals. We address the problem of the solution of a system of integration-by-parts identities for Feynman integrals and demonstrate how some current difficulties may be overcome. We consider also the properties of the top quark, and present the NNLO, real-virtual contributions to the calculation of its decay rate. The results are presented as helicity amplitudes so that the full behaviour of the top spin is retained. These amplitudes constitute a necessary ingredient in the complete calculation of top quark pair production and decay at NNLO which will be an important theoretical input to many experimental analyses. Turning to a more phenomenological study, we consider the extraction of two important SM parameters, the top mass and the strong coupling constant, from measurements of top pair production at the ATLAS and CMS experiments. We compare with NNLO theory predictions and use a least-squares method to extract the values of the parameters simultaneously. We find best fit values of the parameters which are compatible with previous extractions performed using top data with the current world averages published by the Particle Data Group. We consider the issue of PDF choice and the circumstances in which a heavy quark can be considered a constituent of the proton. In particular, we look at the production of a Higgs boson in association with bottom quarks in four and five flavour schemes, in which the b may or may not be included in the initial state. We show that theoretical predictions in both schemes are well-motivated and appropriate in different scenarios, and moreover that results in the schemes are consistent provided a judicious choice of the renormalisation and factorisation scales is made. We suggest a typical scale choice motivated by considerations of consistency and find it to be somewhat lower than the typical hard scale of the process.
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Herren, Florian [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Steinhauser. "Precision Calculations for Higgs Boson Physics at the LHC - Four-Loop Corrections to Gluon-Fusion Processes and Higgs Boson Pair-Production at NNLO / Florian Herren ; Betreuer: M. Steinhauser." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221186914/34.

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Santana, Rafael Germano [UNIFESP]. "Análise conformacional e das interações eletrônicas de algumas 2-acetamido-3-metil-3-nitrososulfanil-N-arilbutanamidas: S-nitrosotióis com potencial atividade biológica." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2012. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/8899.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-29. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:26:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-13280.pdf: 1828173 bytes, checksum: df8fb9928c37e920c5f9a2281ba9c092 (MD5)
O presente trabalho trata do estudo conformacional de S-nitrosotióis com potencial atividade biológica, 2–acetamido-3-metil-3-nitrosossulfanil-N-arilbutanamidas, e de seus tióis precursores, 2–acetamido-3-mercapto-3-metil-N-arilbutanamidas. As conformações de menor energia dos S-nitrosotióis e tióis em estudo são estabilizadas por ligações de hidrogênio intramoleculares que promovem uma maior estabilidade dos confôrmeros. A análise geométrica do grupo R-SNO mostra que esses compostos preferem a conformação trans. O cálculo das interações orbitalares pelo método NBO (Natural Bond Orbital) para as 2–acetamido-3-mercapto-3-metil-N-arilbutanamidas mostrou que as mesmas são estabilizadas pelas seguintes interações: no (N2) →  (C3-O4) e no(N10) → (C11-O12). Os resultados de NBO para os S-nitrosotíois mostraram que a interação hiperconjugativa é bastante efetiva nas conformações estáveis desses compostos, enfraquecendo a ligação que resulta no aumento do comprimento da ligação S-N em S-Nitrosotióis. A forte delocalização , induz caráter parcial a ligação S-N. A fraca ligação S-N indica uma forte delocalização do par de elétrons do O(NO) devido a interação, que é responsável pelo alongamento da ligação S-N, aumentando e a potencial capacidade do óxido nítrico ser liberado.
We carried out a conformational study on the S-nitrosothiols (R-SNO), 2-acetamido-3-methyl-3-(nitrososulfanyl)-N-arylbutanamides and their thiol precursors 2-acetamido-3-mercapto-3-methyl-N-arylbutanamides. The lowest energy conformation for both compounds is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Trans conformation was determined as the predominant conformation after geometrical analysis of R-SNO. Orbital interactions for 2-acetamido-3-mercapto-3-methyl-N-arylbutanamides were calculated using Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) methodology. Calculations indicated that orbital interactions for these compounds are stabilized by the following interactions: no (N2) →  (C3-O4) and no(N10) → (C11-O12). NBO results showed that the hyperconjugative interaction is very effective, weakening the σ bond and resulting in increasing length of the S-N bond in R-SNO. The strong delocalization induces partial character to the S-N bond. The bond S-N indicates a strong delocalization of the electron pair of O(NO) due to interaction. This interaction is responsible for the elongation of the S-N bond which increases the ability of the compound to release nitric oxide (NO). Based on the enhanced capacity to release NO by these compounds, our findings suggest that both compounds may display biological activity.
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BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Books on the topic "NLO Calculations"

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Rivalry and central planning: The socialist calculation debate reconsidered. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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Campbell, John, Joey Huston, and Frank Krauss. QCD to All Orders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199652747.003.0005.

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This chapter centres around the treatment of QCD emissions to all orders. After introductory remarks about the analytic properties of the radiation pattern, some of the most striking phenomenological consequences of non-trivial quantum effects, in particular, the angular ordering property of QCD, are highlighted. Next, analytic resummation techniques are considered, expanding on the treatment of transverse momentum resummation from Chapter 2, and introducing the idea of threshold resummation. BFKL resummation, which resums large logarithms emerging in the high-energy limit, is also introduced. In the second part of this chapter, the probabilistic simulation of QCD radiation through the parton shower is discussed. After a detailed introduction to different schemes and algorithms, the discussion of the combination of the parton shower with fixed-order matrix elements beyond the Born approximation is considered, with a discussion of matching with NLO calculations and the merging with multijet matrix elements.
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Cullen, Christopher. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733119.003.0001.

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The narrative I construct in this book lays emphasis on technical practice in observation, instrumentation and calculation, and the steady accumulation of data over many years—but it centres on the activity of the individual human beings who observed the heavens, recorded what they saw, and made calculations to analyse and eventually make predictions about the motions of the celestial bodies. Some of these people had official posts that gave them responsibility for work of this kind; others held official rank without such responsibilities, but still played a major role in technical discussions about celestial phenomena. A few others held no official rank at all, but showed themselves well capable of talking and writing about the heavens at an expert level. It is these individuals, their observations, their calculations and the words they left to us that provide the narrative thread that runs through this work....
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Cheng, Russell. Bootstrap Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198505044.003.0004.

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Parametric bootstrapping (BS) provides an attractive alternative, both theoretically and numerically, to asymptotic theory for estimating sampling distributions. This chapter summarizes its use not only for calculating confidence intervals for estimated parameters and functions of parameters, but also to obtain log-likelihood-based confidence regions from which confidence bands for cumulative distribution and regression functions can be obtained. All such BS calculations are very easy to implement. Details are also given for calculating critical values of EDF statistics used in goodness-of-fit (GoF) tests, such as the Anderson-Darling A2 statistic whose null distribution is otherwise difficult to obtain, as it varies with different null hypotheses. A simple proof is given showing that the parametric BS is probabilistically exact for location-scale models. A formal regression lack-of-fit test employing parametric BS is given that can be used even when the regression data has no replications. Two real data examples are given.
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Treanor, John. Matter-SubMater TransRegulation: The Mathematics of Spatial Aberrations and Calculation of Neo-Quantum Incongruities. Independently Published, 2021.

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Treanor, John. Matter-SubMater TransRegulation: The Mathematics of Spatial Aberrations and Calculation of Neo-Quantum Incongruities. Einsam Press, 2022.

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Matter-SubMater TransRegulation: The Mathematics of Spatial Aberrations and Calculation of Neo-Quantum Incongruities. Einsam Press, 2022.

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Gajewski, Zbigniew. Prognozowanie wystąpień faz fenologicznych pierwiosnki omączonej Primula farinosa L. (Primulaceae) – krytycznie zagrożonego gatunku - w odniesieniu do fenologii innych składników lokalnej flory i panujących warunków termicznych. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-32-8.

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In Poland, the bird’s-eye primrose (P. farinosa) is a rare and critically endangered species. Currently, it occurs only in one location in the area of the Jaworki village in Radziejowa Range (of Beskid Sądecki mountains). This is the last of the nine previously existing locations, and the only one occurring in the mountains. To maintain the species, as well as the moutain fen on which it grows, a multiannual conservation program has been implemented, including, among other measures, conducting environmental monitoring and performing active protection procedures. In 2012–2014, studies were carried out, aiming to identify the phenology of P. farinosa in its natural location amid other elements of local flora, and to elaborate reasonably accurate forecast methods of its phenological phases, in relation to the performed procedures. One of the methods was based on comparing subsequent phenological phases of P. farinosa, mainly the dates of flowering and opening of the fruits, with the dates of flowering of other species that commonly occur in the vicinity. On the basis of temperature data from the IMGW meteorological station in Krościenko nad Dunajcem, available via the Internet, an attempt to forecast the phenophases of P. farinosa has also been made, based on the developed network of nearby meteorological stations. A degree-days method was used. Prior to that, a value of base temperature (Tb) characteristic for P. farinosa was assessed, as necessary for further calculations, and the values of SAT (Sum of Active Temperatures, using the formula for GDD values) have been determined for the dates of occurrence of subsequent phenological phases of P. farinosa. These parameters were calculated using temperature data recorded at the location. During the observations, it was established that the dates of flowering for P. farinosa were dependent on the air temperatures during spring. The flowering period of the population in Jaworki took place in the months of April through to June, and it did not exceed 7.5 weeks. P. farinosa is one of the earliest blooming species in that location. Other species, also flourishing during the blooming thereof, included Eriophorum angustifolium, Caltha laeta, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Oxalis acetosella, and Primula elatior. The full bloom of P. farinosa lasted for about 2 weeks, and it took place between the end of April and the end of the second decade of May. During its full bloom, in that same location, Cardamine pratensis, Geum rivale, and Valeriana simplicifolia also flourished. Trees and bushes from the rose (Rosaceae) family proved to be especially useful in the forecasting of P. farinosa flowering period. During the flowering of P. farinosa, in lower locations, species from the Prunus and Cerasus genera subsequently flourished, followed by the Malus, Sorbus, and Crataegus genera. The opening of P. farinosa fruits was observed in the last days of June or at the beginning of July. The date of commencement and duration of this phase is probably subject also to the degree of air humidity. Although in this period numerous species flourish such as Ononis arvensis, Valeriana sambucifolia, Cichorium intybus, Melilotus alba, Achillea millefolium, Daucus carota, Geranium pratense, and Agrimonia eupatoria, the forecasts based on those are not accurate. When forecasting this phase, as well as the majority of other phases, the SAT value calculation based on the degree-days method works well. The Tb base temperature (threshold temperature) for P. farinosa from Jaworki, determined for its calculation, is 0.75°C. However, for the calculation purposes, the rounded value of Tb = 1.0°C can also be used. When adopting the value of Tb = 0.75°C for calculations, the full bloom of P. farinosa falls within the period in which the SAT values remain between 310°C and 469°C, the optimum (culmination) of the full bloom occurs at about 408°C, and the beginning of capsules opening and release of P. farinosa seeds occur when the SAT values reach 1049°C. For Tb = 1.0°C the full bloom falls within the period in which the SAT values are between 295°C and 449°C, the optimum of full bloom occurs at 390°C, and the capsules begin opening at 1018°C. When using this method, the differences between the forecasted and the observed dates of P. farinose blooming were between –4 and +3 days, and the beginning of opening of its fruits, between –1 and 0 days. In case of no temperature data available from the given location, the forecasting can be also performed based on the data from the IMGW meteorological station in Krościenko. The accuracy of calculations is increased through the implementation of appropriate temperature data adjustments, resulting from the difference of location and height. The temperatures in Jaworki are 2°C lower compared to the station in Krościenko. The dates determined in this way are less accurate than those determined directly at the location, and they differ from the actual dates: in case of full bloom, the difference is in the range of –6 to +2 days, and in case of the beginning of capsules’ opening, it is –2 to –1 days. Probably, it is also possible to implement forecasting based on the data from new automated meteorological stations situated closer to the location, but this can be done only after the adjustment appropriate for every station has been determined and implemented. As demonstrated, the elaborated forecasting methods of P. farinosa phenological phases at the location in Jaworki (Beskid Sądecki) are sufficiently accurate and they may be used in the future as a tool supporting the implementation of measures related to active protection of the species.
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Soghier, Lamia, Katherine Pham, and Sara Rooney, eds. Reference Range Values for Pediatric Care. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581108545.

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Here’s the one place to look for normal values and related need-to-know data! Now you no longer have to search through multiple resources for reference ranges and other critical values you need to optimize patient assessment and management. The new Reference Range Values for Pediatric Care brings all the most vital range data - plus diverse clinical evaluation and calculation tools - all together in one concise, compact handbook. Indispensable pediatric reference ranges - right at your fingertips Custom-designed for today’s busy practitioners, this quick-access resource provides commonly used ranges and values spanning birth through adolescence. Data needed for management of preterm newborns and other neonates is highlighted throughout. Look here for practice-focused help with: - Blood pressure ranges - Body surface area calculation - Bone age metrics - Hematology values - Cerebrospinal fluid values - Lymphocyte subset counts - Clinical chemistry ranges - Thyroid function - Umbilical vein and artery catheterization measurements - Caloric intake values - And more! Also includes assessment and management tools you’ll use again and again Save time and simplify clinical problem-solving with a full set of easy-to-use tools from the AAP and other authoritative sources: - APGAR and Ballard newborn screening - Growth charts - Metric conversion tables - Pain scales - Blood pressure nomograms - Hyperbilirubinemia nomograms - Enternal formulas - GIR calculators - AAP immunization schedules - AAP periodicity schedule Drug administration and monitoring guidelines The handbook includes must-know basics on commonly used antibiotics and antiseizure medications - complete with recommended dosages and serum target levels.
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Maron, Martine. Is “no net loss of biodiversity” a good idea? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808978.003.0022.

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This chapter explores biodiversity offsetting as a tool used to achieve “no net loss” of biodiversity. Unfortunately, no-net-loss offsetting can be—and often is—unintentionally designed in a way that inevitably results in ongoing biodiversity decline. Credit for offset sites is given in proportion to the assumed loss that would happen at those sites if not protected, and this requires clear baselines and good estimates of the risk of loss. This crediting calculation also creates a perverse incentive to overstate—or even genuinely increase—the threat to biodiversity at potential offset sites, in order to generate more offset “credit” that can then be exchanged for damaging actions elsewhere. The phrase “no net loss,” when used without an explicit frame of reference and quantified counterfactual scenario, is meaningless, and potentially misleading. Conservation scientists have a core role in interpreting, communicating, and improving the robustness of offset policy.
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Book chapters on the topic "NLO Calculations"

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Bartkowiak, Wojciech, and Robert Zaleśny. "SOS Methods in Calculations of Electronic NLO Properties." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 129–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4850-5_4.

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Glover, E. W. N. "Progress in NNLO Calculations for Scattering Processes." In Hadron Collider Physics 2002, 87–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55524-4_9.

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Wilkie, A. D. "Some Investigations with a Simple Actuarial Model for Infections Such as COVID-19." In Springer Actuarial, 41–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78334-1_3.

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AbstractIn this chapter the author adds an infection feature to an actuarial multiple state model to give a simple model for an infection such as COVID-19. The model is simple enough to be replicated in an Excel worksheet, with one row per day of calculations. The whole population is treated as homogenous, with no distinction by age, sex or anything else; to that extent it is unrealistic, but to include these features would complicate it considerably. To fit it to observed data requires successive optimisation by programme, and this is described. Different variations of the model allow it to fit better and take account of, for example, immunisation by vaccine. It is shown to fit the past events in the United Kingdom (U.K.) quite well, and it has also been fitted to other countries, but this is not shown in this chapter. It is also observed that this, or any other model, is of less use for forecasting the future, because it cannot predict the behaviours of governments or of populations. But various assumptions can be made about the future, as at the latest date of calculation (1 March 2021), and interesting consequences are shown.
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Wilner, Alex, and Casey Babb. "New Technologies and Deterrence: Artificial Intelligence and Adversarial Behaviour." In NL ARMS, 401–17. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-419-8_21.

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AbstractOffering a critical synthesis of extant insights into technological developments in AI and their potential ramifications for international relations and deterrence postures, this chapter argues that AI risks influencing military deterrence and coercion in unique ways: it may alter cost-benefit calculations by removing the fog of war, by superficially imposing rationality on political decisions, and by diminishing the human cost of military engagement. It may recalibrate the balance between offensive and defensive measures, tipping the scales in favour of pre-emption, and undermine existing assumptions imbedded in both conventional and nuclear deterrence. AI might altogether remove human emotions and eliminate other biological limitations from the practice of coercion. It may provide users the ability to collect, synthesize, and act upon real-time intelligence from several disparate sources, augmenting the certainty and severity of punishment strategies, both in theatre and online, compressing the distance between intelligence, political decisions, and coercive action. As a result, AI may quicken the overall pace of action across all domains of coercion, in conflict, crisis, and war, and within the related subfields of national security, counterterrorism, counter-crime, and counter-espionage.
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Staemmler, V. "Quantum Chemical ab initio Calculations for the Adsorption of Small Molecules on NiO(100)." In Adsorption on Ordered Surfaces of Ionic Solids and Thin Films, 169–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78632-7_16.

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van Aardenne, J. A., C. Kroeze, M. P. J. Pulles, and L. Hordijk. "Uncertainties in the calculation of agricultural N2O emissions in The Netherlands using IPCC Guidelines." In Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases: Scientific Understanding, Control and Implementation, 493–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9343-4_76.

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Zheng, Zhiyong, Kun Tian, and Fengxia Liu. "Fully Homomorphic Encryption." In Financial Mathematics and Fintech, 143–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7644-5_6.

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AbstractIn 1978, Rivest et al. (1978) proposed the concepts of data bank and fully homomorphic encryption. Some individuals and organizations encrypt the original data and store them in the data bank for privacy protection. Data bank is also called data cloud. Therefore, the cloud stores a large amount of original data, which is obviously a huge wealth. How to use these data effectively? First of all, we must solve the problem of calculation of these encrypted data, which is called a privacy calculation problem. Rivest, Adleman and Dertouzos conjecture that if all data is fully homomorphic encryption, that is, the addition and multiplication of ciphertext are homomorphic to the corresponding addition and multiplication of plaintext, then the encrypted data can be effectively computed by elementary calculation without changing the structure of the plaintext data (under the condition of homomorphism). The RAD conjecture has been proposed for more than 30 years, but no one could solve this problem since the cryptographic structure of the fully homomorphic encryption system is too complicated. In 2009, C. Gentry, a computer scholar at Stanford University, first proposed a fully homomorphic encryption scheme in Gentry (2009b) based on ideal lattice, for which he won the 2022 highest award in theoretical computer science—the Godel Award. Based on Gentry’s work, the second and third fully homomorphic encryption schemes based on LWE distribution and trapdoor matrix technology have also been proposed; see Brakerski and Vaikuntanathan (2011a), (2011b), (2012), (2014), (2015) and Gentry et al. (2013) in 2013. The main purpose of this chapter is to systematically analyze and discuss the above three fully homomorphic encryption techniques, in order to understand the latest research trends of the post-quantum cryptography.
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Xie, Bo, and Long Chen. "Automatic Scoring Model of Subjective Questions Based Text Similarity Fusion Model." In Proceeding of 2021 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Applications, 586–99. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2456-9_60.

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AbstractAI In this era, scene based translation and intelligent word segmentation are not new technologies. However, there is still no good solution for long and complex Chinese semantic analysis. The subjective question scoring still relies on the teacher's manual marking. However, there are a large number of examinations, and the manual marking work is huge. At present, the labor cost is getting higher and higher, the traditional manual marking method can't meet the demand The demand for automatic marking is increasingly strong in modern society. At present, the automatic marking technology of objective questions has been very mature and widely used. However, by reasons of the complexity and the difficulty of natural language processing technology in Chinese text, there are still many shortcomings in subjective questions marking, such as not considering the impact of semantics, word order and other issues on scoring accuracy. The automatic scoring technology of subjective questions is a complex technology, involving pattern recognition, machine learning, natural language processing and other technologies. Good results have been seen in the calculation method-based deep learning and machine learning. The rapid development of NLP technology has brought a new breakthrough for subjective question scoring. We integrate two deep learning models based on the Siamese Network through bagging to ensure the accuracy of the results, the text similarity matching model based on the birth networks and the score point recognition model based on the named entity recognition method respectively. Combining with the framework of deep learning, we use the simulated manual scoring method to extract and match the score point sequence of students’ answers with standard answers. The score recognition model effectively improves the efficiency of model calculation and long text keyword matching. The loss value of the final training score recognition model is about 0.9, and the accuracy is 80.54%. The accuracy of the training text similarity matching model is 86.99%, and the fusion model is single. The scoring time is less than 0.8s, and the accuracy is 83.43%.
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Vogel, Julia K., and Igor G. Irastorza. "Solar Production of Ultralight Bosons." In The Search for Ultralight Bosonic Dark Matter, 141–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95852-7_5.

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AbstractThis chapter will spotlight axions produced in the core of the Sun. A first focus will be put on the production mechanism for axions in the solar interior through coupling of axions to photons via the Primakoff effect as well as their interactions with electrons. In addition to the axion production, the axion-to-photon conversion probability is a crucial quantity for solar axion searches (also referred to as helioscopes) and determines the expected number of photons from solar axion conversion that are detectable in a ground-based search. After these basic considerations, the helioscope concept will be detailed, and past, current, and future experimental realizations of axion helioscopes will be discussed. This includes the analysis used to aim at axion detection and upper limit calculations in case no signal above background is detected in experimental data. For completeness, alternative approaches other than traditional helioscopes to search for solar axions are discussed.
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Bekkevold, Jo Inge. "Imperialist Master, Comrade in Arms, Foe, Partner, and Now Ally? China’s Changing Views of Russia." In Russia-China Relations, 41–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97012-3_3.

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AbstractChina no longer sees Russia as a rival. This is not the result of friendly ties, shared values, or growing economic cooperation, but an outcome of the dramatic shift in the balance of power between them. Moreover, China’s contemporary policy toward Russia is not driven by Xi Jinping’s possible fondness for Putin or Russia, but by strategic calculations about what best serves Chinese interests. China’s number one priority today is to balance the United States in the Indo-Pacific naval theatre, and it is thus in Beijing’s interest to keep its strategic rear to Russia safe. This chapter argues that balance of power theories is the best tool to explain China’s growing ties with Russia. History, identity, and ideology are important variables for understanding China’s relationship with Russia. Yet, few, if any, bilateral relationships between two major countries have changed back and forth so dramatically as that of China and Russia. Examining Sino-Russian relations across several time periods, this chapter illustrates that there is no single continuous historical narrative or identity in China on Russia. During the last century, China has seen Russia as an imperialist master, a comrade in arms, a foe, and a partner, and it is now discussing whether it should be an ally.
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Conference papers on the topic "NLO Calculations"

1

Papadopoulos, Costas. "Numerical approaches to NLO QCD calculations." In 8th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.048.0006.

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Timofeeva, Tatiana V., V. I. Shil'nikov, and Ronald D. Clark. "Crystal shape calculations of NLO organic materials." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Narayanan Ramachandran. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.277718.

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Lopez-Val, David, Dorival Goncalves-Netto, Tilman Plehn, Kentarou Mawatari, and Ioan T. Wigmore. "MadGolem automating NLO calculations for New Physics." In “Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory ” 11th DESY Workshop on Elementary Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.151.0048.

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Papadopoulos, Costas. "NLO QCD calculations with the OPP method." In European Physical Society Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.084.0368.

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Worek, Malgorzata, Michael Czakon, Manfred Kraus, and Heribertus Bayu Hartanto. "NLO calculations matched with the Nagy-Soper parton shower." In 12th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (Radcor 2015) and LoopFest XIV (Radiative Corrections for the LHC and Future Colliders). Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.235.0100.

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Mikunas, D. "Measurement of dijets in DIS and comparison to NLO calculations." In The 5th international workshop on deep inelastic scattering and QCD. American Institute of Physics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.53663.

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Laenen, Eric. "NLO calculations for heavy flavor production in two-photon collisions." In PHOTON 2000: International Conference on the Structure and Interactions of the Photon. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1402844.

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NASON, P. "EMBEDDING NLO CALCULATIONS IN SHOWER EVENT GENERATORS WITH POSITIVE WEIGHTS." In Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812706706_0101.

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Altürk, Sümeyye, Davut Avci, Ömer Tamer, and Yusuf Atalay. "DFT calculations on spectroscopic and structural properties of a NLO chromophore." In 9TH INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CONFERENCE OF THE BALKAN PHYSICAL UNION (BPU-9). AIP Publishing LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4944219.

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Robens, Tania Natalie, Cheng Han Chung, and Markus Bach. "An alternative subtraction scheme for NLO QCD calculations using Nagy-Soper dipoles." In 11th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (Applications of Quantum Field Theory to Phenomenology). Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.197.0014.

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Reports on the topic "NLO Calculations"

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Hill, T. S. NLC Gamma-Gamma Beam Dump Face Calculations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004659.

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Wissink, Andrew, Jude Dylan, Buvana Jayaraman, Beatrice Roget, Vinod Lakshminarayan, Jayanarayanan Sitaraman, Andrew Bauer, James Forsythe, Robert Trigg, and Nicholas Peters. New capabilities in CREATE™-AV Helios Version 11. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40883.

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CREATE™-AV Helios is a high-fidelity coupled CFD/CSD infrastructure developed by the U.S. Dept. of Defense for aeromechanics predictions of rotorcraft. This paper discusses new capabilities added to Helios version 11.0. A new fast-running reduced order aerodynamics option called ROAM has been added to enable faster-turnaround analysis. ROAM is Cartesian-based, employing an actuator line model for the rotor and an immersed boundary model for the fuselage. No near-body grid generation is required and simulations are significantly faster through a combination of larger timesteps and reduced cost per step. ROAM calculations of the JVX tiltrotor configuration give a comparably accurate download prediction to traditional body-fitted calculations with Helios, at 50X less computational cost. The unsteady wake in ROAM is not as well resolved, but wake interactions may be a less critical issue for many design considerations. The second capability discussed is the addition of six-degree-of-freedom capability to model store separation. Helios calculations of a generic wing/store/pylon case with the new 6-DOF capability are found to match identically to calculations with CREATE™-AV Kestrel, a code which has been extensively validated for store separation calculations over the past decade.
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Bane, Karl LF. Calculation of the Short-Range Longitudinal Wakefields in the NLC Linac. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/9906.

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Bane, Karl LF. Calculation of the Short-Range Longitudinal Wakefields in the NLC Linac. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6431678.

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Bowman, S. M. Criticality safety calculations for Region B of the Millstone Unit No. 2 Spent Fuel Pool. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6660100.

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Aston, T. R. C. Theoretical in situ strata reservoir and pore pressure calculations for material from no. 26 colliery, N.S. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304786.

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ZHOU, YUHUI, XIAOXIA MA, and JINGLAN SUN. Update on the Relationship Between the SLC4A7 variant rs4973768 and Breast Cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0013.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to get an updated opinion, which was about the role of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4973768 in the SLC4A7 gene played in the incident of breast cancer. Eligibility criteria: The included criteria were formulated for this meta-analysis as following:(1) studies with both case and control groups;(2) studies assessing the relation between the SLC4A7 rs4973768 polymorphism and sensibility to breast cancer;(3) studies with sufficient information such as genotype frequency for results of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs); and (4) full-text articles of studies with human subjects. Studies meeting any one of the criteria were determined unqualified for this meta-analysis as following:(1) conference abstracts, comments, reviews, case reports, or editorials;(2) inadequate data for OR calculation;(3) no control group; and (4) animal studies.
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Vonk, J., A. Bannink, C. van Bruggen, C. M. Groenestein, J. F. M. Huijsmans, J. W. H. van der Kolk, H. H. Luesink, S. V. Oude Voshaar, S. M. Sluis, and G. L. Velthof. Methodology for estimating emissions from agriculture in the Netherlands. : Calculations of CH4, NH3, N2O, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and CO2 with the National Emission Model for Agriculture (NEMA). Wageningen: Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature & the Environment, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/383679.

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Vonk, J., S. M. van der Sluis, A. Bannink, C. van Bruggen, C. M. Groenestein, J. F. M. Huijsmans, J. W. H. van der Kolk, et al. Methodology for estimating emissions from agriculture in the Netherlands – update 2018 : calculations of CH4, NH3, N2O, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and CO2 with the National Emission Model for Agriculture (NEMA). Wageningen: Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature & the Environment, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/443801.

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Clough, S. A. Accelerated line-by-line calculations for the radiative transfer of trace gases related to climate studies. Progress report No. 1, 15 September 1993--14 September 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10108713.

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