Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Niveau critique'
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Camus, Brice. "Formules des traces semi-classique au niveau d'une énergie critique." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS015.
Full textWe study the semi-classical trace formula on the level of a critical energy for a h-pseudo-differential operator on {R}{̂n} with a unique non-degenerate critical point of the principal symbol. In particular we consider the case where the hessian matrix of the principal symbol at the critical point is non-definite. This lead to the study of Hamiltonan systems near equilibrium and near the non zero periods of the linearised flow. The contributions of these periods leads to reformulate the problem in term of degenerate oscillatory integrals. The new contributions are interpreted in term of the local geometry of the energy surface and the classical dynamic on this energy surface
MENAULT, PASCAL. "Etude critique d'une methode de dosage des antibiotiques au niveau alveolaire : application a la ticarcilline." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M472.
Full textSellier, Manuel. "Evaluation des futures technologies CMOS (<50nm) au niveau circuit." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00631246.
Full textBéraud, Alain. ""Montrer", contribution prospective à l'étude, au niveau des arts, d'un dialogue réel." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES1003.
Full textThe act of presenting approaches the real to invest it so that it can call attention to it and prepare it for the understanding. It is as if montration was generated by affects which representation tends to avoid. Andre Masson has no wish to master the known elements of a given vocabulary ; he wants to trust in the bold movements of his hand that generate a space to be constructed over and over again. Montaigne appears to be the writer of the self, Beckett that of mode, Perec that of place. Nowadays, communication no longer is merely the experience of two persons, but should be understood within the polyphonic order of a social universe. A work of art evinces a process comparable to the language process represented by the finite verb. If the writer follows one of the possibilities of his language and if the painter "makes" a painting, they do so under the same obligation they feel of "showing" things. Monstration then is a happening as much as a manifestation or manifesto. It is done as much as it is said and allows itself to be heard. A type of communication by showing may now be on its way
Lott, François. "Etudes des interactions au voisinage d'un niveau critique entre une perturbation et un ecoulement moyen cisaille et stratifie verticalement. Influence des dissipations." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066621.
Full textMagand, Olivier. "Bilan de Masse de Surface Antarctique : Techniques de mesure et analyse critique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00374371.
Full textMagand, Olivier. "Bilan de masse de surface antarctique : techniques de mesure et analyse critique." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10042.
Full textThe study of the cryosphere, which is one of the main active component in the global climate system, including global sea level, represents a major interest in the understanding of the current climatic changes. The polar zones are, at the moment, the world areas where the climatic changes appear in a spectacular way, and this reinforces the necessity of a better understanding of the total and surface mass balance of the ice sheets. Indeed, the Antarctic mass balance (surface and total), is not well known yet and is not correctly represented in current climatic models; this matter of fact contributes to strong uncertainties about future climate projection as well as associated potential contribution on sea level change. As a consequence, the continuation of studies on total and surface mass balance (and future change) in the different Antarctic regions, in response to the actual (and future climate), appears essential. In the framework of the present manuscript, I propose to reduce uncertainties in the Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB) estimates, inducing the possibility to optimize the reconstruction of the accumulation parameter over the continent with atmospheric general circulation (climatic) models and interpolation maps of in situ observations
Abdellatif-Kaddour, Olfa. "Contribution au test orienté propriété pour des systèmes de contrôle-commande : construction incrémentale de scénarios de test sélectionnés par la méthode du recuit simulé." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT037H.
Full textHivernat, Jean-Louis. "Les figures emblématiques de l'idéal sportif : le héros, le champion, l'idole : mythe et réalité." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOL010.
Full textThe thesis seeks to analyze the literary representations of sportsmen and of heroes in a corpus of works from Plato, Homer, Virgil, Ariosto, Tasso, Montherlant, Hemingway, on the one hand to show the connection between these sportsmen and these heroes to mythological figures and on the other hand to consider the connection that “real” present-day sportsmen keep with these mythological figures too. The thesis is organized into three sections. The first section entitled “Judiciousness on the choice of the figures: hero, champion, idol” aims to define “the three emblematic figures that are the hero, the champion, the idol”, to define “the sporting ideal” and to show the connection between the sportsmen and mythological figures of heroes. The second section focuses on Orpheus and Ulysses characters, two key figures regarding their remarkable intellectual depht and influence philosophically and religiously speaking. The third part entitled “Permanency of emblematic figures of the sporting ideal” goes into the admiration and imitation process, the contribution of Roland Barthes to the study of the figures from the sport world and the study of the relationship between sporting mythology and the creation of emblematic figures. The analysis of sportsmanlike heroes in the literature and in the extra-literary universe, regarding their relationship with the great figures of mythological heroes, gives the opportunity to make the link between a literary approach and sociological questionings, cultural studies. The analyses of the sport, in particular wrestling and Tour de France by Roland Barthes in Mythologies, constitute one of the fundamental theoretical references presented in the thesis. The examination of the facts, of the events as stated in the corpus and the peripheral literary works reveal that the idea of a plain separation between the three chosen figures does not hold despite the differences at the semantic level. However to find chronological continuity links between imaginary or real characters in terms of ideal sporting behaveiour is convincing in the sense that the chosen thematic framework could be adapted to the legends, to the mythology, to the historical facts, to the contemporary events. The identification of a nation to a sport symbol reinforces the prevailing role of the idol on the peoples, of the champion on the supporters, of the hero on the citizens
Dunnigan, Isabel. "Analyse comparée de l'efficacité des programmes de conversion de titres de dette en prise de participation en Argentine, au Chili et au Mexique comme solution partielle à leur niveau d'endettement critique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9023.
Full textRavet, David. "Didactique du texte de voyage au XXème siècle : dans une perspective interculturelle et transartistique pour des classes de Français Langue Etrangère de niveau supérieur." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030003.
Full textThis thesis constitutes an elaboration of a method for teaching twentieth century travel literature from Apollinaire to Kessel. It is intended for advanced students of French as a Foreign Language. It adopts a cross-cultural and multi-disciplinary approach, ranging from the study of literature and the plastic arts (painting, photography and posters) to cinema and music. The thesis focuses on several themes and genres of travel literature : the travel poetry of Apollinaire and Cendrars ; the representation of New York in French literature and American painting from 1910 to the 1950s ; the anti-colonial texts of Gide, Nizan and Céline (in direct confrontation with the colonialists’ posters) ; and the politically committed reporting of Albert Londres and Kessel. We establish a multi-disciplinary methodology which aims to cast a new light on traditional literary analysis and teaching. In addition, we propose a number of very precise educational syllabuses which will permit students to develop cultural skills to a high level in literature, the plastic arts, and music. This thesis could thus be a basis for the creation of seminars, writing workshops, and cultural programs in the French departments of foreign universities, in French institutes, for the Alliance Française network, or for the F. L. E. (French as a Foreign Language) institutes in France
Moukolo, Delphin. "Niveaux de revenus, marchés et structures de consommation : contribution à l'étude psycho-socio-économique des phénomènes de consommation liés à la dynamique sociale du développement dans la boucle du Niari : essai d'analyse et de synthèse : introduction à la critique du style de développement endogène au Congo." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D303.
Full textThis thesis, which deals with "income levels, markets and consumption structures" of households in the niari loop and which tries to explain how to tackle and reconcile the tasks of development and consumption, is, above all, a description of the social state of consumption. It is therefore a comparative and explanatory approach to consumption phenomena via a "psycho-socio-economic" approach, which a monographic study allows. This thesis is above all an attempt to analyse and synthesise: - an analysis of the very substance of consumption phenomena through their multiple forms; - a synthesis of their installation development as a specific process of social development allied to the dynamics of development and as a framework which today comprises almost all daily social phenomena linked to the changing behaviour of man as a "social animal", and as a "biological and social" atom in consumption. The niari loop, a "dual" or even a "plural" universe is the point where two non- exclusive life styles meet, confront each other and interact; where tradition and modernity are in perpetual encounter through the combined play of the effects of substitution and demonstration. As such, the heterogeneity of the consumption here is the expression of traditional and modern cultures living in symbiosis
Canovas, Ingrid. "Modélisation de la montée vers un état critique de la situation de basses eaux sous forçages naturel et anthropique en région méditerranéenne." Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG1166/document.
Full textWater and life are unequally distributed. This hinders the development of societies, and leads to situations of tension, whoseintensity and frequency vary according to climatic conditions, population density and according therefore to demand. With theongoing climate change and the rising water requirements (the stock dedicated to the natural environment), the level of tensionis likely to rise, such as the frequency of very low water. The French Mediterranean territories are particularly concerned withthe fragility of water resources during summertime (a little watered season, a strong tourist appeal, etc.). In addition, everymodification in the climate regime (the decreasing of rainfall inputs, etc.) would necessarily affect more the small catchmentwith very local resources, such as rivers and living areas which don’t benefit from the influence of major rivers (Rhone, Durance,etc.).The reflection on water scarcity can therefore be focused on the structure of such a risk (sequence of steps, the impact of onefactor on the others, etc.), and on the conditions that make the system reach an undesirable situation.The approach adopted here suggests to decline this particular approach to low water. Three objectives are here stated: (1) identifyand compile, within a specific database, the essential information to understand the phenomenon; (2) characterize the meanstate of low water from local situations and through robust statistical descriptors; (3) determine the terms of its evolution tocritical states.The whole work leads first to the development of a probabilistic modeling, which is designed to be deployed in different spatialscales and in dfferent times. The reflection is then extended to the methodological and technical arrangements that would allowthe development of analytical indicators and synthetic indexes for assessing the resource level of tension.The approach finally results in simple and intuitive digital tools, that can be mobilized for operational purposes such asdecision-making support for the implementation of anticipatory measures and regulation, and that can transferable to anyMediterranean territory
Soufflet, Clément. "Étude des interactions des ondes de montagne piégées avec la couche limite." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS395.
Full textThese thesis works, carried out within a theoretical framework and validated using non-linear models, aim to deepen theoretical knowledge concerning the interactions between the flows forced by mountains and the boundary layer. It is shown that in the linear case, when the incident wind at the surface is low, the trapped lee waves are no longer induced by low-level confinement but are analogous to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. They are conditional to the surface flow stability and favoured for values of the Richardson number J<0.25. For higher mountains the non-linear dynamics modify the downstream flow stability and trapped waves are inhibited for initially unstable flow near the ground. Conversely, for initially stable flow at the surface, the onset of the Foehn effect destabilises the downstream flow and the lee waves are then due to the development of instabilities in the wake of the mountain. Trapped waves are then related to the dynamic stability of the downstream flow, especially when the incident wind is weak near the surface. These results are confirmed when the boundary layer dynamics is represented using a constant viscosity coefficient, the interactions between topography and mean flow are then evaluated by estimating momentum flux. It is shown that the transition between the turbulent drag regime due to boundary layer dynamics and the orographic drag regime due to vertically propagating gravity waves occurs at J ~ 1
Garnier, Ilias. "Formalisme pour la conception haut-niveau et détaillée de systèmes de contrôle-commande critiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00676901.
Full textTOLENTINO, HELIO CESAR. "La structure electronique des supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique par spectroscopie d'absorption des niveaux de cur." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA112310.
Full textYoussef, Anis. "Réseau de communication à haut niveau d'intégrité pour des systèmes de commande-contrôle critiques intégrant des nappes de microsystèmes." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00111808.
Full textL'étude que nous avons effectuée sur des réseaux standard montre que les protections classiques à base de codes CRC ne permettent pas d'obtenir le niveau d'intégrité visé.
Pour l'atteindre, nous avons proposé une solution originale - fonction de contrôle évolutive - qui tire profit du fait que, pour les systèmes de commande-contrôle envisagés (systèmes à dynamique lente), l'intégrité est à considérer sur un lot de messages et non sur un seul message. La solution proposée a ensuite été validée via des simulations Matlab-Simulink.
Le cas d'étude utilisé est celui de systèmes de commande de vol du futur, en vue de pouvoir commander des nappes de milliers de micro-surfaces tels que des micro-spoilers.
Youssef, Anis Crouzet Yves Bonneval Agnan de. "Réseau de communication à haut niveau d'intégrité pour des systèmes de commande-contrôle critiques intégrant des nappes de microsystèmes." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000160.
Full textMartin, Armel. "Influence des ondes de gravité de montagne sur l'écoulement de grande échelle en présence de niveaux critiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812517.
Full textSun, Zhenzhou. "Amélioration de la localisation de défauts dans les circuits digitaux par diagnostic au niveau transistor." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20018/document.
Full textThe rapid growth in semiconductor field results in an increasing complexity of digital circuits. The ability to identify the root cause of a failing digital circuit is becoming critical for defect localization. Logic diagnosis is the process of isolating the source of observed errors in a defective circuit, so that a physical failure analysis can be performed to determine the root cause of such errors. Effective and precise logic diagnosis is crucial to speed up the failure analysis and eventually to improve the yield.“Effect-Cause” and “Cause-Effect” are the two classical approaches for logic diagnosis. Logic diagnosis provides a list of gates as suspects. However, this approach may not leads to accurate results in the case of the defect is inside a gate.We propose a new intra-cell diagnosis method based on “Effect-Cause” approach to improve the defect localization accuracy at transistor level. The proposed approach exploits the CPT (Critical Path Tracing) applied at transistor level. For each suspected cell, we apply the CPT for every given failing test vector. The result is a preliminary list of candidates. Each candidate can be a net or a transistor drain, gate or source. After that, we apply the CPT for each passing test vector in order to narrow down the the list of candidates. The proposed method gives precise localization of the root cause of the observed errors. Moreover, it does not require the explicit use of a fault model
Ameziane, El Hassani Abdeljebar. "Le contrôle d'accès des réseaux et grandes infrastructures critiques distribuées." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/15962/1/ameziane.pdf.
Full textSimiz, Jean-Gabriel. "Approche holistique du contrôle du focus en photolithographie 193nm immersion pour les niveaux critiques en 28nm et 14nm FD-SOI." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES059/document.
Full textThe increasing complexity in chip integration (co-integration, increasing diversity of matérials…) and the race to dimension shrinkage are the two main drivers of research in microelectronics today. The optical limitations of lithography have been reached some years ago so that double patterning is now a typical process flow in production and helps reducing pattern size and increasing design density. Because of these, the manufacturing itself needs to be more tightly controlled in order to avoid marginalities. Which will affect the chip operation. The cross-effects between these elements are more numerous and their ratio in the total budget is larger whereas the needs for tighter process control are rising. This thesis presents a holistic approach of the control of one of the main parameters for photolithography: focus. It is directly linked to the quality of the image transferred into the photoresist during exposure. Its control is then essential. Variability sources for focus are manifold and diverse: laser, mask, optical column, servo-controllers, wafer flatness, integration, design, substrate reflectivity, material quality etc. All these are added to each other, leading to the creation of defects which can be catastrophic such as shorts. The first objective of this work was to show current challenges raised by STMicroelectronics new technologies, specifically photolithography-wise and focus-wise. A budget breakdown of two critical processes (Metal line patterning in 28nm FD-SOI and Contact patterning for 14nm FD-SOI) has been established which gives the impact of every effect. The product layout effects were evaluated to represent up to 20% of the complete budget and 50% of its intra-chip component. Topography contributes to a large part of these effects and offline measurements showed up to 32nm 3s of height variation in a single field. This may lead to local defocuses of the same order of magnitude. The usable depth of field being about 60 to 70nm for the studied layers, it is clear that focus control is really tight here. The holistic approach of topology leaded to the use of data mining tooling as PLS regression (Partial least Square). It allowed the highlighting of main causes of topography, the creation of a predictive model of topology and the evaluation of several improvement solutions. One may distinguish “palliative” and “curative” solutions. In the first category, on may put scanner levelling improvements which might be effective for every technology without any modification to make on integration and design. The emulated wafer map methodology providing on-product focus non-uniformities without any measurements is also a solution for investigation. “Curative” solutions may concern the mitigation of risk factors by modifying the design topography built-up main factors
Laarouchi, Youssef. "Sécurités (immunité et innocuité) des architectures ouvertes à niveaux de criticité multiples : application en avionique." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468923.
Full textLaarouchi, Youssef. "Sécurité (immunité et innocuité) des architectures ouvertes à niveaux de criticité multiples : application en avionique." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000333/.
Full textIn avionics, the design and development of critical software applications are strictly constrained in order to ensure a confidence level commensurate with the safety requirements of the implemented tasks. These constraints considerably increase the development and maintenance costs, making such critical systems very expensive. On the other hand, Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components (hardware and software) are widespread and offer extensive functionalities for a reasonable cost. However, such components are unreliable and vulnerable to malicious attacks. Nevertheless, it would be interesting to take advantage of such (hardware and software) COTS components for non-critical tasks in avionics while preventing them from detrimentally affecting critical tasks. To do so, we need to consider interactions between components with heterogeneous criticality levels. In this thesis, we propose an architecture allowing such interactions in a safe and secure manner, i. E. , such that correct operation of the critical components is not affected. This architecture is based on Totel’s model and uses virtualization to support the implementation of fault tolerance techniques to increase the confidence level of an application executed redundantly on untrusted COTS platforms. To demonstrate our approach, we have implemented a prototype based on two case studies identified with Airbus: a maintenance laptop and a take-off profile computation laptop
Ye, Sha. "Une fantaisie héroïque en duo. Les mousquetaires d’Alexandre Dumas et les chevaliers errants de Jin Yong." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030032.
Full textReviving heroism by writing modern epics is a shared authorial intention on the part of the author of the Musketeers trilogy and Jin Yong, a writer of martial arts and chivalry novels often called “China’s Alexandre Dumas”. But what is a hero? These two novelists respectively explore this major theme in chivalric literature through their portrayal of important characters in their works. This comparative study, drawing upon the zooming technique in cinematography, explores these three topics: the heroes’ bildung, the affective relationships that influence their character formation, and the salient features of their personalities. In their constant struggles against the established authorities, especially paternal authorities, the Dumasian musketeers and Jin Yong’s knight-errants gradually transform into great transgressors who struggle to break free from the restraints of the social class to which they belong in order to act freely in a world seeking to tame them. This epic theme is entangled, like Dionysus’s scepter, with the intricacies of affective relationships. Two non-conformist discourses of love are constructed, contrasted and eventually pitted against each other in a reality much less rosy than the codified idyll, as they inevitably give way to the notion of brotherhood, which, either idealized or obfuscated, is celebrated and glorified even with its fallibities. The wide gap between the hero characters and the ideal image of a fearless and infallible knight is all the more visible when we examine them more closely in terms of their book knowledge, moral awareness and behavioral motivation. They are portrayed as ordinary human beings characterized by faults, banalities and limitations, while they are also given a sense of noble savageness and a touch of comic lightheartedness. Heroism is recalibrated in these novel’s conformity to and departure from traditions, and in the context of the harmony and clash between West and East
Viry, Marin de. "Différents niveaux d'interprétation de la notion de sentiment dans l'œuvre romanesque de Stendhal : Le Rouge et le noir, La Chartreuse de Parme, Lucien Leuwen." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040010.
Full textThe concept of sentiment in Stendhal’s novels is not immutable, but, on the contrary; evolves within each novel, and from one novel to another. Firstly, an attempt is made to identify the historical, psychological, social causes, immediate or remote, which shape the nature of the sensibility, focusing the analysis on the hero's feelings. Thereafter, the impetus behind the evolution of the hero's feeling within each individual novel is described. Both analyses concern three of Stendhal’s novels: Le Rouge et le noir, La Chartreuse de Parme; Lucien Leuwen". A comparison between these three novels makes it possible to trace the divide between the two conceptions of sentiment which Stendhal appears to adopt in turn; a form of sentiment limited and defined by the very nature of his heroes, and therefore essentially unique, and another which exist in the abstract, independently of his characters, and is necessarily universal
Pham, Thi Thuy Linh. "Contribution à l'étude de nouveaux convertisseurs sécurisés à tolérance de panne pour systèmes critiques à haute performance. Application à un PFC Double- Boost 5 Niveaux." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656620.
Full textPham, Thi Thuy Linh. "Contribution à l’étude de nouveaux convertisseurs sécurisés à tolérance de panne pour systèmes critiques à haute performance. Application à un PFC Double- Boost 5 Niveaux." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0095/document.
Full textThis work is an exploration and an evaluation of new variants of multi-level AC/DC topologies (PFC) considering their global reliability and availability: electrical safety with an internal failure and post-failure operation. They are based on a non-differential AC and centre tap connection that led to symmetrical arrangement cells in series. These topologies permit an intrinsic active redundancy between cells in a same group and a segregation capability between the two symmetrical groups of cells. More again, they are modular and they can be paralleled and derived to any number of levels. Only single low-voltage (600V) transistor pear cell is used avoiding the short-circuit risk due to an unwanted control signal. Comparisons, taking into account losses, distribution losses, rating and stresses (overvoltage and over-temperature) during the post-operation are presented. Results highlight the proposed 5-level Double-Boost Flying Capacitor topology. This one was patented at the beginning of thesis, as a solution with the best compromise. On the theoretical side, we show that the reliability calculation based only on a "first fault occurrence" criterion is inadequate to really describe this type of topology. The inclusion of fault tolerance capability is needed to evaluate the overall reliability law (i.e. including a second failure). The adaptation of theoretical models with constant failure rate including overvoltage and over-temperature dependencies exhibit an increasing of the reliability over a short time. This property is an advantage for embedded systems with monitoring condition. Local detection and rapid diagnosis of an internal failure were also examined in this work. Two methods are proposed firstly, by a direct flying caps monitoring and secondly, by a realtime and digital synchronous demodulation of the input sampled voltage at the switching frequency (magnitude and phase). Both techniques have been integrated on FPGA and DSP frame and evaluated on a AC230V-7kW DC800V – 31kHz lab. set-up. We put forward the interest of the second method which only uses one input voltage sensor. Finally, we propose in this dissertation a new generic X-level PFC Vienna using, in 5-level version, half transistors and drivers for identical input frequency and levels. At the cost of a slight increase of losses and density losses, this topology appears very attractive for the future. A preliminary lab. set-up and test were also realized and presented at the end of the thesis
Alvarez, Christophe. "Masques Op. 34, Karol Szymanowski : étude de l’implication structurelle des différents niveaux du parcours harmonique : Analyse du discours et problématiques interprétatives." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2018/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to show—by means of a rigorous analysis of the harmonic principles which govern the multiple sections of the piano triptych Masques Op. 34 of Karol Szymanowski — that beyond the apparently heterogeneous surface the musical discourse is subtly and coherently organised by the interpenetration of two layers: the immediate perception of sound structure and the underlayer which proceeds from the order of the harmonic fundamentals. This thesis also proposes suggestions for interpretation, determined by the analytical experience
Riba, Patrick. "La spécification et la certification pour le francais des niveaux C1 et C2 du Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030062.
Full textThis investigation describes and specifies for French the contents of C1 and C2 levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. It joins in the dynamics wished by the Council of Europe, and engaged in several European countries, including in France, where the levels A and B were already described: B2, J.C. Beacco, S Bouquet, R. Porquier, 2004, A1, J.C. Beacco, R. Porquier, 2007, A2, J.C. Beacco, S Lepage, R. Porquier, p. Riba, 2008, B1, J.C. Beacco, B. Blin, E. Swells, S Lepage, p. Riba, to be published]. The description of the notional and functional elements of C1 and C2 levels: discursive genders, functions, notions, morphosyntactic categories, graphic material, cultural skills and strategies of learning, were established by following methodological, intuitive and experimental ways and by calibration. This investigation focuses on the research of cutscores between B2, C1 and C2, in order to help authors of methods, designers of examinations and teachers, and it proposes a specification of a level C2 +, didactically compatible with the paradoxical notions of " last level " and “learning throughout the life”
Aouini, Mourad. "Approche multi-niveaux pour l'analyse des données textuelles non-standardisées : corpus de textes en moyen français." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC003.
Full textThis thesis presents a non-standardized text analysis approach which consists a chain process modeling allowing the automatic annotation of texts: grammar annotation using a morphosyntactic tagging method and semantic annotation by putting in operates a system of named-entity recognition. In this context, we present a system analysis of the Middle French which is a language in the course of evolution including: spelling, the flexional system and the syntax are not stable. The texts in Middle French are mainly distinguished by the absence of normalized orthography and the geographical and chronological variability of medieval lexicons.The main objective is to highlight a system dedicated to the construction of linguistic resources, in particular the construction of electronic dictionaries, based on rules of morphology. Then, we will present the instructions that we have carried out to construct a morphosyntactic tagging which aims at automatically producing contextual analyzes using the disambiguation grammars. Finally, we will retrace the path that led us to set up local grammars to find the named entities. Hence, we were asked to create a MEDITEXT corpus of texts in Middle French between the end of the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries
Patrukhina, Liubov. "À la recherche des particules modales dans les cours pour débutants ˸ étude expérimentale dans le cadre de l’enseignement-apprentissage de l’allemand langue étrangère en France et en Russie." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030037.
Full textThe research presented in this dissertation analyzes the acquisition of German modal particles by beginner-level learners. This project seeks firstly to ascertain if introducing the particles early and explicitly into the German-as-a-foreign-language can help learners to understand and use them more effectively. Secondly, it attempts to determine whether learners’ mother tongue influences the acquisition process of German modal particles. The first chapter sets the conceptual background, retracing the concepts in linguistics and language didactics that are fundamental to this study: Contrastive Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, and Speech Acts Theory, as well as Foreign Language Teaching Methods and Approaches. It also presents the corpus of young peoples’ spoken German collected specifically for the didactic purposes of this dissertation. The second chapter analyzes the different methods of teaching modal particles put forward in textbooks and grammar books, as well as in dictionaries and exercise books devoted to the subject. Following this review, I propose my own approach based on two innovative teaching tools: recordings from my corpus of spoken German, and bilingual tables with comments in German, French or Russian on how German modal particles function. The third chapter describes the implementation of my method by presenting the results from an experiment of teaching German-as-a-foreign-language to French-, Russian- and Chinese-speaking learners. The thesis ends with methodological recommendations for teaching German modal particles
Die vorliegende Dissertation hat zum Ziel, den Erwerb der Modalpartikeln durch DaF-Lernende auf Anfängerniveau zu untersuchen. Allem voran wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob und wenn ja wie, eine explizite und frühe Behandlung der Modalpartikeln im DaF-Unterricht deren Produktion und Verständnis fördern kann. Anschließend wird der Versuch unternommen, einen möglichen positiven Einfluss der Muttersprache auf den Erwerb deutscher Modalpartikeln herauszufinden. Das erste Kapitel setzt den theoretischen Rahmen der Dissertation, indem es linguistische und sprachdidaktische Konzepte darlegt, die grundlegend für diese Arbeit sind: kontrastive Linguistik, Korpuslinguistik, Sprechakttheorie und Methoden des Fremdsprachenunterrichts. Es wird außerdem das Korpus “Gesprochenes Deutsch junger Muttersprachler“ beschrieben, das gezielt für die didaktischen Zwecke der Dissertation zusammengestellt worden ist. Im zweiten Kapitel werden Ansätze und Methoden zur Einführung der Modalpartikeln durchleuchtet, die in modernen DaF-Lehrwerken und Grammatiken sowie in thematischen Lexika und Übungsbüchern eingesetzt werden. Im Anschluss wird die eigene Herangehensweise dargestellt, die auf zwei innovativen Lehrmaterialien fußt: Didaktisierte Audioaufnahmen aus dem Korpus und zweisprachige Tabellen, die auf Deutsch, Französisch oder Russisch den Gebrauch der Modalpartikeln erläutern. Im dritten Kapitel wird die Umsetzung dieses Ansatzes beschrieben, der im Rahmen eines experimentellen DaF-Unterrichts mit russisch-, französisch- und chinesischsprachigen Deutschlernenden auf die Probe gestellt wurde. Abschließend werden methodische Vorschläge zur Behandlung der Modalpartikeln im DaF-Unterricht gemacht
Champoux, Anne-Frédérique. "Une langue faite sienne : analyse des stratégies langagières dans L'avalée des avalés de Réjean Ducharme et L'homme rapaillé de Gaston Miron." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26475/26475.pdf.
Full textWang, Philippe. "Langages Applicatifs et Machines Abstraites pour la Couverture de Code Structurelle." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741549.
Full textDamiens, Florentin. "Etude de la propagation des infrasons au-dessus de massifs montagneux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS258.
Full textThe goal of this phD is to explain the differencies between acoustic signals computed and signals detected at stations of the International Monitoring System located in mountainous area
Musso, Daniela. "Réminiscences mythiques dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame par personnages : Ia mise en scène dun imaginaire chrétien du XIVe siècle." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063181.
Full textLyonnais, Pierre. "Approches pédagogiques de l'éducation critique aux médias au niveau collégial." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1900/1/M10719.pdf.
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