Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nitrogen removal

Academic literature on the topic 'Nitrogen removal'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

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Ma, Juan, Chengyao Peng, Akio Takigawa, Shuying Wang, Li Wang, Ningping Ma, Yang Liu, and Yongzhen Peng. "Effect of influent nutrient ratios and temperature on simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a step-feed CAST." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 9 (November 1, 2010): 2028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.518.

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A step-feed cyclic activated sludge technology (CAST) with a working volume of 72 L treating real municipal wastewater was operated to examine the effect of varying ratios of influent COD/TN and COD/P on the nutrient removal. With the increased COD/P and COD/TN, the phosphorus and nitrogen removals exhibited an upward trend. The TN removals had a positive linear correlation with the phosphorus removal efficiencies, mainly because the presence of nitrate in the anaerobic zone negatively affected the phosphorus release thus the nitrogen removal process took priority over the phosphorus removal process to utilize the limited carbon source in the influent in step-feed CAST where simultaneous removals of nitrogen and phosphorus were achieved. By employing the effective step-feed strategy with alternating anoxic/oxic operation, efficient phosphorus and nitrogen removals of 95.8 and 89.3% were obtained with lower influent COD/P and COD/TN ratios of 61.9 and 5.2, respectively. It was also found that lower temperature, e.g. 13 ∼ 16°C, did not deteriorate the phosphorus removal, though the nitrogen removal decreased significantly due to incomplete nitrification. As the temperature increased further, TN removal efficiency increased gradually and nitrogen removal via nitrite pathway was successfully achieved with average nitrite accumulation rate above 90% in the system.
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Yu, Lian. "Effect of SRT on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in Modified Carrousel Oxidation Ditch Process." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1995–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1995.

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Based on a modified Carrousel oxidation ditch process acclimated with synthetic wastewater，effect of SRT on nitrogen and phosphorus removal occurred in the system was investigated. The results indicated that SRT was prominent to nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The removal efficiency of nitrogen was better with SRT extension and that the removal efficiency of phosphorus was better with SRT shortness. With the operation conditions of water temperature 30°C, SRT 11days, the removal efficiency of TN and TP reached 85.4% and 74.9%, which indicated that nitrogen and phosphorus removals were best.
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Prasad, D., J. G. Henry, and P. Elefsiniotis. "Nitrogen Removal from Anaerobically Treated Leachate." Water Quality Research Journal 20, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1985.012.

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Abstract Laboratory studies were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of diffused aeration for the removal of nitrogen by ammonia desorption from the effluent of an anaerobic filter treating leachate. The effects of pH, temperature and air flow on the process were studied. The coefficient of desorption of ammonia, Kd for the anaerobic filter effluent (TKN 75 mg/L with NH3-N 88%) was determined at pH values of 9 , 10 and 11, temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 30 and 35°C, and air flow rates of 50, 120 and 190 cm3/sec/L. Results indicated that nitrogen removal by ammonia desorption from the effluent of anaerobic filters treating leachate was feasible. Removals exceeding 90% were obtained with 8 hours aeration at a pH of 10, a temperature of 20°C, and an air flow rate of 190 cm3/sec/L. Ammonia desorption coefficients, KD, determined at other temperatures and air flow rates can be used to predict ammonia removals for this leachate under various operating conditions.
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Yang, Hou-Yun, Pei Xu, Hua-Yuan Wang, Wei-Hua Li, and Shu-Guang Zhu. "Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater by Modified Pyrite in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 06027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913606027.

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The removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is challenging in the conventional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes. In this study, the modified pyrite was used as the fillings of se-quencing batch reactor (SBR) in order to improve the efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater. The results showed that SBR with the modified pyrite could significantly improve the removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus when compared with that in SBR without fillings (control SBR). The average influent ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 6.96±0.17 mg L-1 and 6.94±0.01 mg L-1, respectively. The average NH4+-N and TP removals of modified pyrite constructed SBR were 49.65±19.49% with 3.54±1.31 mg L-1 of average effluent NH4+-N and 76.20±6.55% with 1.84±0.46 mg L-1 of average effluent TP, respectively. While the average NH4+-N and TP removal efficiencies of con-trol SBR were only 34.76±11.28% and 56.28±0.11%. The mechanisms of the SBR with enhanced simulta-neous nitrogen and phosphorus removals might be anaerobic and aerobic oxidations of modified pyrite, and phosphorus retained in the SBR of modified pyrite was mostly in the form of Fe-bound-P.
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Silva, S. A., R. de Oliveira, J. Soares, D. D. Mara, and H. W. Pearson. "Nitrogen removal in pond systems with different configurations and geometries." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 12 (June 1, 1995): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0501.

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Nitrogen removal in its various chemical forms was evaluated in a complex of waste stabilisation ponds comprising ponds of different depths and geometries. TKN and ammonia removal reached 78.5% and >90%, respectively, in the 5-pond systems with overall retention times of only 19 days. Removals were highest in the maturation ponds, and shallow maturation ponds were the most efficient. In terms of optimum pond geometry, high nitrogen and ammonia removal was compatible with optimal BOD5 removal and faecal coliform die-off. TKN and ammonia removal in these ponds could be modelled using conventional first-order equations.
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Pearce, P. "Trickling filters for upgrading low technology wastewater plants for nitrogen removal." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 11-12 (June 1, 2004): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0801.

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Previous work through the 1990s in the Thames Water region in the UK has demonstrated the ability of the trickling filter process to produce fully nitrified effluents, reliably throughout the year. The original data used for the nitrification model derivations have been reanalysed, to investigate the degree of nitrogen removal across the process. Removals of total nitrogen ranging from 0% to over 50% were observed across the trickling filter process and calculated total nitrogen removals of 26-63% were obtained when primary treatment was included. The degree of nitrogen removal and biological denitrification (excluding cellular assimilation) was found to be strongly influenced by BOD load, irrigation velocity and media size. Regression models were produced which gave good predictive relationships for the data ranges used. The models produced worked for filters used with and without a recirculation of effluent nitrate which suggests that a significant degree of nitrification occurred in areas of high heterotroph activity (BOD removal). The simplicity and energy efficiency of the trickling filter process, combined with its capacity for full nitrification and partial denitrification, make the process attractive as a combined process used with pond systems in developing countries where nitrogen removal may be required. Some of these synergies have already been developed with the PETRO® process in South Africa.
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Altinbaş, Ufuk, and Izzet Öztürk. "Comparison of intermittently aerated continuous and batch biofilm reactor in nutrient removal." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2004): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0883.

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Removal efficiency of TOC ranged between 86–89% in an intermittently aerated reactor. High efficiency in TKN removal and nitrification was found at lower applied load or longer retention time such as 2 days. TKN removal and nitrification efficiency was found to be 17–96% and 35–99% respectively. Through examination and comparison of the removal efficiencies, the stability of nitrification/denitrification and the biological phosphorus removal it was found that the sequencing batch feeding system gave a higher performance in total nitrogen and phosphorus removals. In the SBR reactor, nitrogen removal efficiency was mainly controlled by organic loading. Nitrification efficiency ranged between 31–56%. Nearly complete denitrification was observed in the sequencing batch reactor.
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Jiao, Er Long, Chun Di Gao, Hao Li, Wei Xiao Wang, and Shi Xin Fan. "Effects of Alternating Oxic-Anoxic Model on Nitrite Accumulation in Biological Nitrogen Removal System." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.422.

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The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen removal rates and nitrite accumulation are investigated under alternating oxic-anoxic model in biological nitrogen removal system——sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The system operational effect was studied by analyzing pollutants removal and nitrite accumulation changes. The results showed that the ammonium nitrogen removal rate increased gradually and reached 60% at last. The average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 50.2%. The average total nitrogen removal rate was 31.0% due to the low ammonia nitrogen removal and the low carbon in the inflow. The average COD removal rate was 41.7%, finally the COD removal rate reached near 60%. The average nitrite accumulation rate was 68.71%. The alternating oxic-anoxic model reached stable nitrite accumulation.
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Durán-de-Bazúa, Carmen, Alejandro Guido-Zárate, Thalía Huanosta, Rosa Martha Padrón-López, and Jesús Rodríguez-Monroy. "Artificial wetlands performance: nitrogen removal." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 7 (October 1, 2008): 1357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.350.

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Artificial wetlands (AW) are a promising option for wastewater treatment in small communities due to their high performance in nutrients removal and low operation and maintenance costs. Nitrogen can favour the growth of algae in water bodies causing eutrophication when present at high concentrations. Nitrogen can be removed through different mechanisms (e.g. nitrification-denitrification, adsorption and plant uptake). Environmental conditions such as temperature and relative humidity can play an important role in the performance of these systems by promoting the growth of macrophytes such as reeds and cattails (e.g. Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia respectively). In this paper, two AW systems were compared, one located in Mexico City, Mexico at an altitude higher than 2,000 m above the sea level, and the second one located in Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico at an a altitude near the sea level (27 m). Both systems comprised five reactors (147-L plastic boxes) filled with volcanic slag and gravel and intermittently fed with synthetic water. The removal nitrogen efficiency found for the system located in Mexico City was higher than that of the Tabasco system (90 and 80% as TKN respectively). The higher temperatures in the Tabasco system did not enhanced the nitrogen removal as expected.
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Mishalani, Nabeel R., and Joseph A. Husband. "NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM DEWATERING SIDESTREAMS." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2001, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 476–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864701784993498.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

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Ahlin, Björn T. I. "Nitrogen Removal in a Vacuum Tank Degasser : An Investigation on the Nitrogen Removal Performance." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256066.

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The impending change of processes at SSAB Oxelösund due to the HYBRIT project, where the blast furnace and LD converter are to be replaced with an EAF will have a significant impact on the manufacturing of steel in Oxelösund. One issue that will arise is the nitrogen content in the steel. Sources claim that the nitrogen content in steel from an EAF route is substantially larger, 60-70 ppm, than in steel from a blast furnace and LD converter route, which have a nitrogen content of around 25 ppm. Therefore, the nitrogen removal capabilities of SSAB Oxelösund’s vacuum tank degasser were to be examined. Industrial trials were performed where the amount of slag during vacuum treatment was lowered. The intention was that half the amount of slag removed prior to vacuum treatment and later completely slag free. This was performed in an attempt to increase the effective reaction area, where nitrogen removal occurs. Due to some practical problems with the steel mill, the industrial trial were unfortunately cut short. Consequently, only trials with half the amount of slag were performed and compared to existing process data for standard praxis. Also, nitrogen removal calculations based on the industrial data were performed. A parameter representing the overall reaction rate, which is dependent on effective reaction area was obtained, validated and subsequently applied to a future case scenario. The results indicate that the reduction in slag amount does have the desired effect, increasing the said area and increasing the rate of nitrogen removal. However, the sample size is not nearly sufficient enough to determine this definitively. The conclusions reached were that the facility does have the possibility to decrease the increased nitrogen content down to reasonable levels, around 20-30 ppm. Albeit, an increase in vacuum treatment time is probably required. Another conclusion was that surface active elements, such as oxygen and sulphur greatly reduce the nitrogen removal. Therefore, efforts should be taken to remove these elements prior to vacuum treatment. In addition, it was established that the effective reaction area is of great importance for a successful nitrogen removal. Therefore, actions to maximise this area should be taken. Finally, it was stated that further research is necessary in order to fully understand nitrogen contamination prevention- and removal techniques
Förändringar till följd av HYBRIT projektet kommer påverka SSAB Oxelösunds stålverk. Masugn och LD konverter skall ersättas med ljusbågsugns teknologi. Ett problem till följd av detta är kvävehalter i stålet. Enligt litteraturen är kvävehalterna betydligt högre i stål tappat från en ljusbågsugn. Med kvävehalter runt 60-70 ppm jämfört med stål tappat från en LD konverter som har kvävehalter kring 25 ppm. Därför krävdes en undersökning kring kvävereningpotentialen för SSAB Oxelösunds vakuum tank avgasare. Industriella experiment med minskad slaggmängd jämfört med standard praxis blev utförda. Detta utfördes med tanken att minskad slaggmängd skulle ge en större effektiv reaktionsarea. Intentionen var att utföra försök först med halverad slaggmängd följt av slaggfria försök. Dock, på grund av produktions praktiska problem vid verket blev försöken avbrutna. Som en följd av detta blev bara försök med halverad slaggmängd utförda och jämförda med processdata från standard praxis. Kvävereningsberäkningar på historisk processdata utfördes. En parameter som representerade genomsnittlig reaktionshastighet, vilken beror på den effektiva reaktionsarea blev erhållen, validerad och senare applicerad på ett hypotetiskt framtida scenario. Resultaten indikerar att minskad slaggmängd har en positiv inverkan på den effektiva reaktions arean och till följd av detta även en positiv inverkan på kväverening. Dock är för få försök utförda för att kunna fastställa detta. De slutsatser som dras är att vakuum anläggningen vid SSAB Oxelösund har möjligheten att, med förlängd vakuumbehandlingstid, rena de ökade kvävehalter till nivåer runt 20-30 ppm. Ytterligare slutsatser var att ytaktiva element, såsom syre och svavel, i stålet har en stor negativ påverkan för kväverening. Samt att den effektiva reaktionsarean är av stor betydelse för kväverening. Därför bör ansträngningar tas för att minska koncentrationen av ytaktiva element samt att försöka göra den effektiva reaktionsarean så stor som möjligt. Slutligen fastställdes det att ytterligare studier är nödvändiga för att öka kunskapen kring förebyggande tekniker och reningstekniker för kväveföroreningar i stål.
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Lingaraju, Bala P. "Removal of Nitrogen from Wastewater Using Microalgae." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321888338.

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Samuelsson, Pär. "Control of Nitrogen Removal in Activated Sludge Processes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5903.

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More stringent requirements on nitrogen removal from wastewater are the motivation for this thesis. In order to improve treatment results and enhance cost-efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants, model based control strategies are presented.

A Java based simulator for activated sludge processes (JASS) is presented. The graphical user interface, educational experiences and implemented control strategies are discussed.

Controlling the addition of an external carbon source is the next topic discussed. A simple model based feedforward controller is derived and evaluated in a simulation study. The controller attenuates process disturbances quickly. Further, two feedforward controllers for adjusting the aeration volume in activated sludge processes are derived. The aim of the volume control strategies was to efficiently dampen the impact of process disturbances without using an excessively high dissolved oxygen concentration. The simulation results are promising and show that the aeration volume may be a feasible control variable.

A linearisation method for static input non-linearities is presented. The method gives essentially the same result as the existing standard method, but possesses some implementational advantages. The method is used to linearise the non-linear oxygen transfer function of an activated sludge process in an application study.

Multivariable interactions in a process model describing nitrate removal in an activated sludge process are studied using the well known RGA method as well as a relatively novel tool based on Hankel norms. The results of the analysis are compared to conclusions drawn from common process knowledge and are used to design a multivariable control strategy. It was found that process disturbances may be rejected faster using multivariable control.

Finally, the operational costs of the denitrification process are investigated and visualised graphically. Cost optimal regions are found by a numerical grid search. Procedures for controlling the denitrification process in a cost-efficient way are described.

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Herrman, Kyle S. "Mechanisms controlling nitrogen removal in agricultural headwater streams." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1181667344.

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Yan, Qingmei, and 嚴慶梅. "Biological nitrogen removal of saline wastewater by ammoniumoxidizers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42182116.

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TOCCO, GIAIME. "Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal From High Ammonium Containing Wastewater." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/260406.

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The present thesis is framed within a wider project, promoted by the University of Cagliari and the Italian National Research Council, which pursued as its general objective the development of a novel integrated system for the biological combined anaerobic production of H2 and CH4 from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), the valorization of solid residues by aerobic bio-oxidation (composting) and the biological treatment of ammonium-rich liquid by products by two-stage partial nitritation (PN)/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. According to the project plan, a biological combined anaerobic production of H2 and CH4 from the OFMSW took place in two different bioreactors, in a double-step configuration. The effluent from the second reactor underwent a liquid/solid separation. The assessment of feasibility of the treatment of the liquid fraction by means of two-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal was the research question that tracked the main investigation line of the work described in the present thesis. The application of the coupled PN/anammox process, also referred to as fully autotrophic nitrogen removal, would allow to increase the sustainability of the entire OFMSW treatment chain, since the need for carbon addition (and concomitant increased sludge production) is omitted, oxygen consumption (i.e., energy requirement) is reduced, and the emission of nitrous oxide (a significant factor in the greenhouse gas footprint of the total water chain) can be cut significantly. To date, few researches focused on the application of partial nitritation/anammox process for the treatment of the liquid fraction originated by the anaerobic digestion of organic substrates such as OFMSW. Moreover, the two-stage anaerobic digestion of such substrates is a relatively novel technology which has not deeply investigated yet in terms of its potential environmental impact, and few studies focused on characterization and management of the liquid residues. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study was performed concerning the application of the two-stage PN/anammox process for the treatment of the anaerobic supernatant of a two-stage anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and food waste.
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Stocks, Justine L. "Enhancement of Two Passive Decentralized Biological Nitrogen Removal Systems." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7093.

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This research evaluates two different Biological Nitrogen Removal (BNR) systems for enhanced nitrogen removal in decentralized wastewater treatment. The first study evaluated the performance of Hybrid Adsorption and Biological Treatment Systems (HABiTS) at the pilot scale with and without stage 1 effluent recirculation. HABiTS is a system developed at the bench scale in our laboratory and was designed for enhanced BNR under transient loading conditions. It consists of two stages; an ion exchange (IX) onto clinoptilolite media coupled with biological nitrification in the aerobic nitrification stage 1 and a Tire-Sulfur Adsorption Denitrification (T-SHAD) system in the anoxic denitrification stage 2. The T-SHAD process incorporates NO3- adsorption onto tire chips and Sulfur Oxidizing Denitrification (SOD) using elemental sulfur as the electron donor for NO3- reduction. Previous bench scale studies evaluated HABiTS performance under transient loadings and found significantly higher removal of nitrogen with the incorporation of adsorptive media in stage 1 and 2 compared with controls (80% compared to 73%) under transient loading conditions. In this study, we hypothesize that a HABiTS system with effluent recirculation in nitrification stage 1 may enhance nitrogen removal performance compared to that without recirculation. The following were the expected advantages of Stage 1 effluent recirculation for enhanced nitrogen removal: 1) Pre-denitrification driven by the mixture of nitrified effluent from stage 1 with high concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) septic tank effluent. 2) Moisture maintenance in stage 1 for enhanced biofilm growth. 3) Increased mass transfer of substrates to the biofilm in stage 1. 4) Decreased ratio of BOD to Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) in the influent of stage 1. Two side-by-side systems were run with the same media composition and fed by the same septic tank. One had a nitrification stage 1 effluent recirculation component (R-system), which operated at a 7:1 stage 1 effluent recirculation ratio for the first 49 days of the study and at 3:1 beginning on day 50 and one was operated under forward flow only conditions (FF-system). The R system removed a higher percentage of TIN (35.4%) in nitrification stage 1 compared to FF (28.8%) and had an overall TIN removal efficiency of 88.8% compared to 54.6% in FF system. As complete denitrification was observed in stage 2 throughout the study, overall removal was dependent on nitrification efficiency, and R-1 had a significantly higher NH4+ removal (87%) compared to FF-1 (70%). Alkalinity concentrations remained constant from stage 1 to stage 2, indicating that some heterotrophic denitrification was occurring along with SOD, as high amounts of sCOD leached from the tire chips in the beginning of the study, reaching sCOD concentrations of 120-160 mg L-1 then decreasing after day 10 of operation of stage 2. Sulfate concentrations from stage 2 for each side were low until the last 10 days of the study, with an average of 16.43 ± 11.36 mg L-1 SO42--S from R-2 and an average of 16.80 ± 7.98 SO42--S for FF-2 for the duration of the study, however at the end of the study when forward flow rates increased, SO42--S concentrations increased to 32 mg L-1 for R-2 and 40 mg L-1 for FF-2. Similar performance was observed in the FF system as the bench scale reactor tests. The second part of the research focused on the findings from a study of a Particulate Pyrite Autotrophic Denitrification (PPAD) process that uses pyrite as the electron donor and nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor in upflow packed bed bioreactors. The advantages of using pyrite as an electron donor for denitrification include less sulfate production and lower alkalinity requirements compared with SOD. The low alkalinity consumption of the PPAD process led to comparison of PPAD performance with and without oyster shell addition. Two columns were operated side-by-side, one packed with pyrite and sand only (P+S), while another one was packed with pyrite, sand and oyster shell (P+S+OS). Sand was used as a nonreactive biofilm carrier in the columns. My contribution to this research was to carry out Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis to support the hypothesis that oyster shell contributes to nitrogen removal because it has a high capacity for biofilm attachment. SEM analysis showed that oyster shell has a rough surface, supported by its high specific surface area, and that there was more biofilm attached to oyster shell than pyrite or sand in the influent to the column. EDS results showed a decrease in atomic percentages for pyrite sulfur in the effluent of both columns (59.91% ± 0.10% to 53.94% ± 0.37% in P+S+OS column and to 57.61% ± 4.21% in P+S column). This finding indicated that sulfur was oxidized more than iron and/or the accumulation of iron species on the pyrite surface and supports the coupling of NO3- reduction with pyrite oxidation.
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Gkiouzepas, Stylianos. "Nitrogen and phosphorous removal from groundwater using waste materials." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27454.

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The occurrence of high nitrate and phosphate levels in groundwater is a worldwide problem. The study of suitable methods to remove these compounds is crucial for the long-term environmental health of ecosystems. Nitrification and eutrophication occur in areas where there is extensive human activity for agricultural cultivations and industries. The study area for this project, Greece, is affected by nitrate and phosphate in groundwater. The extensive use offertilizers and pesticides and the drilling of groundwater wells have reduced the quality of water on many Greek islands. A case study of Samos Island next to the borders between Greece and Turkey, support the problem in high nitrogen levels. The aim of this study was to determine if passive engineering solutions could be designed using cheap and easily available local materials that can remove nitrogen and phosphorous compounds from groundwater. This study focus on laboratory based experiments with columns. The substrate materials were selected with specific criteria. In the first experiments materials that have already investigated and groundwater from the area that Nitrabar project took place in Northern Ireland was used,where known denitrifier bacteria already exist. The next experimental section used new materials for nitrate and phosphate reduction including perlite, tea waste materials and hazelnut husk wastes. In the this experiment these substrate materials were investigated in batch and column experiments, in short and long term time periods, and with two water sources, tap water and groundwater (Scotland, UK).The investigation of denitrification process in all experiments proved successful. In all experiments removal of nitrate and phosphate compounds was observed. The best reduction was found in the last experiment with the new substrate materials showing a reduction between 90-99% for all nitrogen compounds and the reduction of phosphate levels was more than 80% at all cases. The degradation rates calculated were similar to the previous experiments showed efficiency with the new waste materials. It was interesting to note that each experiment showed an initial growth phase / adaptation lag phase followed by a stable biodegradation phase.
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Takach, Tibor. "Total nitrogen removal using a pure-oxygen predenitrification configuration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35086.pdf.

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Kosari, Fatemeh. "Nitrogen removal from wastewater through partial nitrification/ Anammox process." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36921.

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Nitrogen removal from wastewater through partial nitrification/Anammox was investigated. The objectives of the research were divided to three distinctive and related areas: Partial Nitrification (PN) process, Anammox reaction and green house gases emission from partial nitrification and Anammox reactor. In the PN process, research objectives were to determine: 1) the effect Dissolved Oxygen concentration, alkalinity on the PN reaction 2) evaluation of continuous moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification process. The main goals of the Anammox process study was to investigate: 1) parameters, which affect the Anammox process 2) evaluation of continuous moving bed biofilm reactor, hybrid reactor and up-flow fixed-bed reactor for the Anammox process. In the last stage, N₂O and NO emissions from both partial nitrification and Anammox reactor under various operating conditions were determined. Partial nitrification in the sequencing batch reactor was more efficient, compared to continuous moving bed biofilm reactor. Alkalinity was investigated as a limiting factor for oxidizing more ammonium to nitrite in the PN reactor. The effluent of the MBBR contained 59.7% ammonium, 31.7 % nitrite and 8.5 % nitrate and gaseous products, such as nitrous oxide and nitrogen as initial nitrogen load. Whereas, the SBR could convert more than 45% of the ammonium to nitrite; in fact, the effluent of the SBR reactor contained 45.1% ammonium, 45.1% nitrite and 1.9% nitrate, as initial nitrogen load. Subsequent Anammox treatment, after the MBBR, resulted in 38.8% additional ammonium removal and nitrite removal of 83.1 %. As a result, total ammonia removal in the combined system reached 79.1% and total nitrogen removal was 56.8 %. The Hybrid Anammox reactor removed an average of 55.8% of NH₄-N, versus 48.3% NH₄-N removal in the up-flow fixed-bed reactor. Nitrite removal in the hybrid and up-flow fixed-bed Anammox reactor was 80.8% and 62.5%, respectively. This research indicates that nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emission from partial nitrification at DO being controlled at 2 mg/L were 2.6±0.2% and 0.6±0.3% as nitrogen load, respectively. Relatively low N₂O of 0.15±0.02% was observed from the Anammox reactor, compared to partial nitrification and NO emissions was none detected.
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Books on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

1

Matti, Valve, ed. Nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, 1995.

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Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wastewater Enforcement and Compliance, eds. Nitrogen control: Manual. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Research Information, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, 1993.

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Halling-Sørensen, B. The removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1993.

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Foundation, Water Environment Research, ed. Shortcut nitrogen removal-nitrite shunt and deammonification. Alexandria, Va: Water Environment Federation, 2015.

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Roeckel, Marlene. Nitrogen and carbon removal from organic loaded effluents. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Water Environment Federation. Nutrient Roadmap Task Force. Nutrient roadmap. Alexandria, Va: Water Environment Federation, 2015.

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Min, Joon H. Innovative alternatives to minimize arsenic, perchlorate, and nitrate residuals. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation, 2005.

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Siedlungswasserwirtschaftliches Kolloquium (61st 1986 Stuttgart, Germany). Verfahren zur Phosphor- und Stickstoffelimination: 61. Siedlungswasserwirtschaftliches Kolloquium. München: R. Oldenbourg, 1986.

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Nyhuis, Geert. Beitrag zu den Möglichkeiten der Abwasserbehandlung bei Abwässern mit erhöhten Stickstoffkonzentrationen. Hannover: Institut für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft und Abfalltechnik der Universität Hannover, 1985.

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Gantzer, C. J. Biological degradation of cyanide by nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

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Ibanez, Jorge G., and Krishnan Rajeshwar. "Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Removal." In Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry, 1368–71. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_125.

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Pavlovic, Mira. "Tick Removal with Liquid Nitrogen." In Dermatological Cryosurgery and Cryotherapy, 611–13. London: Springer London, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6765-5_119.

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Wiesmann, U. "Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater." In Biotechnics/Wastewater, 113–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0008736.

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Kulshreshtha, Niha Mohan, Aakanksha Rampuria, and Akhilendra Bhushan Gupta. "Advances in Biological Nitrogen Removal." In Innovations in Environmental Biotechnology, 265–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4445-0_11.

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Rodriguez-Sanchez, Alejandro, Beatriz Gil-Pulido, Alan Dobson, and Niall O’Leary. "Anaerobic Removal of Nitrogen: Nitrate-Dependent Methane Oxidation and Bioelectrochemical Processes." In Nitrogen Cycle, 245–63. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC PRESS, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429291180-11.

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Argaman, Y., V. Libman, and G. Papkov. "Biological Nitrogen Removal Using Immobilized Bacteria." In Water Resources Quality, 391–410. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56013-2_23.

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Zhu, Guibing, Yongzhen Peng, Baikun Li, Jianhua Guo, Qing Yang, and Shuying Wang. "Biological Removal of Nitrogen from Wastewater." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 159–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71724-1_5.

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Bassin, João Paulo. "New Processes for Biological Nitrogen Removal." In Advanced Biological Processes for Wastewater Treatment, 143–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58835-3_5.

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Shammas, Nazih K., and Lawrence K. Wang. "Selection and Design of Nitrogen Removal Processes." In Advanced Biological Treatment Processes, 271–311. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-170-7_8.

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Jin, Yaomin, Lin Guo, Osvaldo D. Frutos, María C. Veiga, and Christian Kennes. "Bioprocesses for the Removal of Nitrogen Oxides." In Air Pollution Prevention and Control, 275–91. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118523360.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

1

ŠARKO, Julita, and Aušra MAŽEIKIENĖ. "Removal of ammonium nitrogen from wastewater by tertiary treatment." In 12th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VILNIUS TECH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2023.862.

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Ammonium nitrogen present in treated wastewater effluent can cause eutrophication. Wastewater treatment plants do not always meet the strict requirements for the residual total nitrogen concentration – 10 mg/L in the treated wastewater. Additional wastewater treatment is recommended for higher nitrogen removal efficiency achievement. One of the ways to remove nitrogen compounds from wastewater is filtration through sorbents filter media. Zeolite is used to remove nitrogen compounds from water. Zeolite is known for its high surface area and high porosity. Zeolite adsorbs part of organic compounds and ammonium ions, so their concentration in the filtrate decreases. An ammonium nitrogen concentration was reduced by filtering wastewater through sorbents filter media during the experiment in real conditions. Concentrations of treated wastewater pollutants, filtration rate, efficiency of zeolite sorbent to remove ammonium nitrogen from the wastewater were measured and evaluated. Experiment results showed that ammonium nitrogen was effectively removed by zeolite sorbent (removal efficiency 66–99%), from wastewater by tertiary treatment.
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Latifa, Haouech, Shayeb Hedi, Cockx Arnaud, Morchain Jerome, and Sperandio Mathieu. "Nitrogen removal in an oxidation ditch." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbee.2010.5648973.

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C.B. Fedler, P. Sahu, and T.L. White. "Improving Wastewater Nitrogen Removal In Wetlands." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.10433.

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Guangming Zhang, Fengwei Du, Panyue Zhang, and Guangming Zeng. "BAF-SCAD for advanced wastewater nitrogen removal." In 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmt.2011.6003288.

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Юй, Шуайсянь. "REMOVAL OF AMMONIA NITROGEN FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER." In Фундаментальные и прикладные исследования. Актуальные проблемы и достижения: сборник статей всероссийской научной конференции (Санкт­Петербург, Октябрь 2022). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/1011.2022.22.92.002.

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В этой статье рассматриваются несколько методов снижения содержания аммонийного азота в промышленных сточных водах в настоящее время. Обсуждаются методы снижения содержания аммонийного азота в сточных водах промышленных предприятий различных отраслей. В статье представлен обзор области применения, а также преимущества и недостатки каждого из этих методов в инженерном деле. This article discusses several methods for reducing ammoniacal nitrogen in industrial wastewater at present. Methods to reduce ammonia nitrogen in industrial wastewater from various industries are discussed. The article gives an overview of the application, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods in engineering.
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FEDIV, Iryna, Kateryna STEPOVA, Julita ŠARKO, and Aušra MAŽEIKIENĖ. "Sustainable technology of wastewater treatment by environmentally friendly modified natural sorbents for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus." In 12th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VILNIUS TECH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2023.846.

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The work deals with the issues of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater. Natural and modified sorbents: zeolite, glauconite, and bentonite were tested under laboratory conditions. The studies used effluent from biological wastewater treatment that contained an average concentration of 2.2 mg/L of ammonium nitrogen; 7.6 mg/L of nitrate nitrogen and 8.7 mg/L of phosphate phosphorus concentration. Wastewater (0.5 L) was mixed with sorbents (5 g) at a speed of 200 revolutions per minute, then nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the solution were measured. Natural glauconite and bentonite removed 58–60% ammonium nitrogen, while modified sorbents show higher 63–70% ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency, respectively. Clinoptilolite removed ammonium nitrogen from wastewater with 76% efficiency. The tested sorbents removed nitrate nitrogen with 14–15% efficiency and phosphate phosphorus with 19–45% efficiency.
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Kailas, S., and K. Shibu. "Nitrogen removal from eutrophic water using Biological Reactors." In 2013 International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability (ICEETS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceets.2013.6533427.

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Zhao, Li, Yi Zhao, Lei Jiang, and Yin-jie Liu. "Removal of nitrogen oxide using nano-TiO2 photocatalyst." In 2011 6th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2011.5976046.

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Shikina, Nadezhda, Oleg Tailakov, and Zinfer Ismagilov. "Catalysts for Nitrogen Oxides Removal from Flue Gases." In 8th Russian-Chinese Symposium "Coal in the 21st Century: Mining, Processing, Safety". Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/coal-16.2016.60.

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Xiaoying Liu, Yinghe Jiang, Jinshi Li, and Bofu Li. "The denitrifying nitrogen removal experiment with low carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic loading." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5964187.

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Reports on the topic "Nitrogen removal"

1

K.A. Lokhandwala, M.B. Ringer, T.T. Su, Z. He, I. Pinnau, J.G. Wijmans, A. Morisato, et al. NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM NATURAL GAS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/780455.

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Bomberger, D. C., J. L. Bomben, A. Amirbahman, and M. Asaro. Nitrogen removal from natural gas: Phase II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/774912.

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Nobile, A. Removal of deuterium from flowing nitrogen by SAES St 198. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10151743.

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Locke, Robert R., Kalyana Swaminathan, and Wright C. Finney. Laboratory Studies of Nitrogen Oxide Removal by Pulsed Streamer Corona. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada373459.

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Nobile, A. Removal of deuterium from flowing nitrogen by SAES St 198. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6577663.

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Ng, H. K., V. J. Novick, R. R. Sekar, K. A. Pierucci, and M. F. Geise. Removal of nitrogen oxides from a gas stream by using monatomic nitrogen induced by a pulsed arc. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/95560.

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Wijmans, J. G., K. A. Lokhandwala, and M. B. Ringer. Nitrogen removal from natural gas. Quarterly report, September 1, 1996--November 30, 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/463494.

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Akyurtlu, Ates, and Jale F. Akyurtle. INVESTIGATION OF MIXED METAL SORBENT/CATALYSTS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF SULFUR AND NITROGEN OXIDES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789669.

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Akyurtlu, A., and J. F. Akyurtlu. Investigation of mixed metal sorbent/catalysts for the simultaneous removal of sulfur and nitrogen oxides. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/8818.

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Akyurtlu, Ates, and Jale F. Akyurtlu. INVESTIGATION OF MIXED METAL SORBENT/CATALYSTS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF SULFUR AND NITROGEN OXIDES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834566.

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