Academic literature on the topic 'Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds"
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Ditto, Jenna C., Megan He, Tori N. Hass-Mitchell, Samar G. Moussa, Katherine Hayden, Shao-Meng Li, John Liggio, et al. "Atmospheric evolution of emissions from a boreal forest fire: the formation of highly functionalized oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing organic compounds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-255-2021.
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Abstract. Forest fires are major contributors of reactive gas- and particle-phase organic compounds to the atmosphere. We used offline high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry to perform a molecular-level speciation of gas- and particle-phase compounds sampled via aircraft from an evolving boreal forest fire smoke plume in Saskatchewan, Canada. We observed diverse multifunctional compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHONS), whose structures, formation, and impacts are understudied. The dilution-corrected absolute ion abundance of particle-phase CHONS compounds increased with plume age by a factor of 6.4 over the first 4 h of downwind transport, and their relative contribution to the observed functionalized organic aerosol (OA) mixture increased from 19 % to 40 %. The dilution-corrected absolute ion abundance of particle-phase compounds with sulfide functional groups increased by a factor of 13 with plume age, and their relative contribution to observed OA increased from 4 % to 40 %. Sulfides were present in up to 75 % of CHONS compounds and the increases in sulfides were accompanied by increases in ring-bound nitrogen; both increased together with CHONS prevalence. A complex mixture of intermediate- and semi-volatile gas-phase organic sulfur species was observed in emissions from the fire and depleted downwind, representing potential precursors to particle-phase CHONS compounds. These results demonstrate CHONS formation from nitrogen- and oxygen-containing biomass burning emissions in the presence of reduced sulfur species. In addition, they highlight chemical pathways that may also be relevant in situations with elevated emissions of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds from residential biomass burning and fossil fuel use (e.g., coal), respectively.
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Zhao, Y., A. G. Hallar, and L. R. Mazzoleni. "Atmospheric organic matter in clouds: exact masses and molecular formula identification using ultrahigh resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 8 (August 7, 2013): 20561–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-20561-2013.
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Abstract. Clouds alter the composition of atmospheric aerosol by acting as a medium for interactions between gaseous and particulate phase substances. To determine the cloud water atmospheric organic matter (AOM) composition and study the cloud processing of aerosols, two samples of supercooled clouds were collected at Storm Peak Laboratory near Steamboat Spring, Colorado (3220 m a.s.l.). Approximately 3000 molecular formulas were assigned to ultrahigh resolution mass spectra of the samples after using a reverse phase extraction procedure to isolate the AOM components from the cloud water. Nitrogen containing compounds (CHNO compounds), sulfur containing compounds (CHOS and CHNOS compounds) and other oxygen containing compounds (CHO compounds) with molecular weights up to 700 Da were observed. Average oxygen-to-carbon ratios of ~0.6 indicate a slightly more oxidized composition than most water-soluble organic carbon identified in aerosol studies, which may result from aqueous oxidation in the clouds. The AOM composition indicates significant influences from biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and residential wood combustion. We observed 60% of the cloud water CHO molecular formulas to be identical to SOA samples of α-pinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, and β-caryophyllene ozonolysis. CHNO compounds had the highest number frequency and relative abundances and are associated with residential wood combustion and NOx oxidation. We observed multiple nitrogen atoms in the assigned molecular formulas for the nighttime cloud sample composite indicating the significance of nighttime emissions or NOx oxidation on the AOM composition. Several CHOS and CHNOS compounds with reduced sulfur (in addition to the commonly observed oxidized sulfur containing compounds) were also observed, however further investigation is needed to determine the origin of the reduced sulfur containing compounds. Overall, the molecular composition determined using ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry provides an unambiguous identification of the cloud water organic composition in the Rocky Mountain area which could help to improve the understanding of aqueous phase processes.
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Zhao, Y., A. G. Hallar, and L. R. Mazzoleni. "Atmospheric organic matter in clouds: exact masses and molecular formula identification using ultrahigh-resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 24 (December 18, 2013): 12343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12343-2013.
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Abstract. Clouds alter the composition of atmospheric aerosol by acting as a medium for interactions between gas- and particulate-phase substances. To determine the cloud water atmospheric organic matter (AOM) composition and study the cloud processing of aerosols, two samples of supercooled clouds were collected at the Storm Peak Laboratory near Steamboat Springs, Colorado (3220 m a.s.l.). Approximately 3000 molecular formulas were assigned to ultrahigh-resolution mass spectra of the samples after using a reversed-phase extraction procedure to isolate the AOM components from the cloud water. Nitrogen-containing compounds (CHNO compounds), sulfur-containing compounds (CHOS and CHNOS compounds) and other oxygen-containing compounds (CHO compounds) with molecular weights up to 700 Da were observed. Average oxygen-to-carbon ratios of ∼0.6 indicate a slightly more oxidized composition than most water-soluble organic carbon identified in aerosol studies, which may result from aqueous oxidation in the clouds. The AOM composition indicates significant influences from biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and residential wood combustion. We observed 60% of the cloud water CHO molecular formulas to be identical to SOA samples of α-pinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, and β-caryophyllene ozonolysis. CHNO compounds had the highest number frequency and relative abundances and are associated with residential wood combustion and NOx oxidation. Multiple nitrogen atoms in the assigned molecular formulas for the nighttime cloud sample composite were observed, indicating the significance of nitrate radical reactions on the AOM composition. Several CHOS and CHNOS compounds with reduced sulfur (in addition to the commonly observed oxidized sulfur-containing compounds) were also observed; however further investigation is needed to determine the origin of the reduced sulfur-containing compounds. Overall, the molecular composition determined using ultrahigh-resolution Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry provides an unambiguous identification of the cloud water organic anion composition in the Rocky Mountain area that could help to improve the understanding of aqueous-phase processes.
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Ditto, Jenna C., Jo Machesky, and Drew R. Gentner. "Analysis of reduced and oxidized nitrogen-containing organic compounds at a coastal site in summer and winter." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 5 (March 8, 2022): 3045–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3045-2022.
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Abstract. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds, which may be directly emitted into the atmosphere or which may form via reactions with prevalent reactive nitrogen species (e.g., NH3, NOx, NO3), have important but uncertain effects on climate and human health. Using gas and liquid chromatography with soft ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we performed a molecular-level speciation of functionalized organic compounds at a coastal site on the Long Island Sound in summer (during the 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study – LISTOS – campaign) and winter. This region often experiences poor air quality due to the emissions of reactive anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine-derived compounds and their chemical transformation products. We observed a range of functionalized compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur atoms resulting from these direct emissions and chemical transformations, including photochemical and aqueous-phase processing that was more pronounced in summer and winter, respectively. In both summer and winter, nitrogen-containing organic aerosols dominated the observed distribution of functionalized particle-phase species ionized by our analytical techniques, with 85 % and 68 % of total measured ion abundance containing a nitrogen atom, respectively. Nitrogen-containing particles included reduced nitrogen functional groups (e.g., amines, imines, azoles) and common NOz contributors (e.g., organonitrates). Reduced nitrogen functional groups observed in the particle phase were frequently paired with oxygen-containing groups elsewhere on the molecule, and their prevalence often rivaled that of oxidized nitrogen groups detected by our methods. Supplemental gas-phase measurements, collected on adsorptive samplers and analyzed with a novel liquid chromatography-based method, suggest that gas-phase reduced nitrogen compounds are possible contributing precursors to the observed nitrogen-containing particles. Altogether, this work highlights the prevalence of reduced nitrogen-containing compounds in the less-studied northeastern US and potentially in other regions with similar anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine source signatures.
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Li, Y., U. Pöschl, and M. Shiraiwa. "Molecular corridors and parameterizations of volatility in the evolution of organic aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 19 (October 15, 2015): 27877–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-27877-2015.
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Abstract. The formation and aging of organic aerosols (OA) proceed through multiple steps of chemical reaction and mass transport in the gas and particle phases, which is challenging for the interpretation of field measurements and laboratory experiments as well as accurate representation of OA evolution in atmospheric aerosol models. Based on data from over 30 000 compounds, we show that organic compounds with a wide variety of functional groups fall into molecular corridors, characterized by a tight inverse correlation between molar mass and volatility. We developed parameterizations to predict the volatility of organic compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur from the elemental composition that can be measured by soft-ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. Field measurement data from new particle formation events, biomass burning, cloud/fog processing, and indoor environments were mapped into molecular corridors to characterize the chemical nature of the observed OA components. We found that less oxidized indoor OA are constrained to a corridor of low molar mass and high volatility, whereas highly oxygenated compounds in atmospheric water extend to high molar mass and low volatility. Among the nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds identified in atmospheric aerosols, amines tend to exhibit low molar mass and high volatility, whereas organonitrates and organosulfates follow high O : C corridors extending to high molar mass and low volatility. We suggest that the consideration of molar mass and molecular corridors can help to constrain volatility and particle phase state in the modeling of OA particularly for nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds.
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Li, Ying, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa. "Molecular corridors and parameterizations of volatility in the chemical evolution of organic aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 5 (March 14, 2016): 3327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3327-2016.
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Abstract. The formation and aging of organic aerosols (OA) proceed through multiple steps of chemical reaction and mass transport in the gas and particle phases, which is challenging for the interpretation of field measurements and laboratory experiments as well as accurate representation of OA evolution in atmospheric aerosol models. Based on data from over 30 000 compounds, we show that organic compounds with a wide variety of functional groups fall into molecular corridors, characterized by a tight inverse correlation between molar mass and volatility. We developed parameterizations to predict the saturation mass concentration of organic compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur from the elemental composition that can be measured by soft-ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. Field measurement data from new particle formation events, biomass burning, cloud/fog processing, and indoor environments were mapped into molecular corridors to characterize the chemical nature of the observed OA components. We found that less-oxidized indoor OA are constrained to a corridor of low molar mass and high volatility, whereas highly oxygenated compounds in atmospheric water extend to high molar mass and low volatility. Among the nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds identified in atmospheric aerosols, amines tend to exhibit low molar mass and high volatility, whereas organonitrates and organosulfates follow high O : C corridors extending to high molar mass and low volatility. We suggest that the consideration of molar mass and molecular corridors can help to constrain volatility and particle-phase state in the modeling of OA particularly for nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds.
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Sham, Simon, and Gang Wu. "Zinc-67 NMR study of tetrahedral and octahedral zinc sites with symmetrical oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur ligands." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 1782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-154.
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We report a 67Zn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of compounds containing zinc ions coordinated by oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur ligands. New information concerning 67Zn nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (NQCC) and chemical shift was obtained from magic-angle spinning (MAS) spectra of solid compounds containing both natural abundance and enriched 67Zn isotopes. Rapid ligand exchange processes of [Zn(thiourea)4]2+ in aqueous solutions were also observed.Key words: 67Zn NMR, nuclear quadrupolar coupling constant, ligand exchange.
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Li, Ying, Douglas A. Day, Harald Stark, Jose L. Jimenez, and Manabu Shiraiwa. "Predictions of the glass transition temperature and viscosity of organic aerosols from volatility distributions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 13 (July 13, 2020): 8103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8103-2020.
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Abstract. Volatility and viscosity are important properties of organic aerosols (OA), affecting aerosol processes such as formation, evolution, and partitioning of OA. Volatility distributions of ambient OA particles have often been measured, while viscosity measurements are scarce. We have previously developed a method to estimate the glass transition temperature (Tg) of an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Based on analysis of over 2400 organic compounds including oxygenated organic compounds, as well as nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds, we extend this method to include nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds based on elemental composition. In addition, parameterizations are developed to predict Tg as a function of volatility and the atomic oxygen-to-carbon ratio based on a negative correlation between Tg and volatility. This prediction method of Tg is applied to ambient observations of volatility distributions at 11 field sites. The predicted Tg values of OA under dry conditions vary mainly from 290 to 339 K and the predicted viscosities are consistent with the results of ambient particle-phase-state measurements in the southeastern US and the Amazonian rain forest. Reducing the uncertainties in measured volatility distributions would improve predictions of viscosity, especially at low relative humidity. We also predict the Tg of OA components identified via positive matrix factorization of aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) data. The predicted viscosity of oxidized OA is consistent with previously reported viscosity of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) derived from α-pinene, toluene, isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX), and diesel fuel. Comparison of the predicted viscosity based on the observed volatility distributions with the viscosity simulated by a chemical transport model implies that missing low volatility compounds in a global model can lead to underestimation of OA viscosity at some sites. The relation between volatility and viscosity can be applied in the molecular corridor or volatility basis set approaches to improve OA simulations in chemical transport models by consideration of effects of particle viscosity in OA formation and evolution.
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Altieri, K. E., M. G. Hastings, A. J. Peters, and D. M. Sigman. "Molecular characterization of water soluble organic nitrogen in marine rainwater by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 11 (November 29, 2011): 31283–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-31283-2011.
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Abstract. Atmospheric water soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) is a subset of the complex organic matter in aerosols and rainwater, which impacts cloud condensation processes and aerosol chemical and optical properties, and may play a significant role in the biogeochemical cycle of N. However, its sources, composition, connections to inorganic N, and variability are largely unknown. Rainwater samples were collected on the island of Bermuda (32.27° N, 64.87° W), which experiences both anthropogenic and marine influenced air masses. Samples were analyzed by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to chemically characterize the WSON. Elemental compositions of 2455 N containing compounds were determined over the mass range m/z+ 50 to 500. The five compound classes with the largest number of elemental formulas identified, in order from the highest number of formulas to the lowest, contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON+), CHON compounds that contained sulfur (CHONS+), CHON compounds that contained phosphorous (CHONP+), CHON compounds that contained both sulfur and phosphorous (CHONSP+), and compounds that contained only carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN+). No organonitrates or nitrooxy-organosulfates were detected, but there was an increased presence of organic S and organic P containing compounds in the marine rainwater. Compared to rainwater collected in the continental USA, average O:C ratios of all N containing compound classes were lower in the marine samples whereas double bond equivalent values were higher, suggesting a reduced role of secondary formation mechanisms. Cluster analysis showed a clear chemical distinction between samples collected during the cold season (October to March) which have anthropogenic air mass origins and samples collected during the warm season (April to September) with remote marine air mass origins. This, in conjunction with patterns identified in van Krevelen diagrams, suggests that the cold season WSON is a mixture of organic matter with both marine and anthropogenic sources while in the warm season the WSON appears to be dominated by marine sources. These findings indicate that, although the concentrations and percent contribution of WSON to total N is fairly consistent across diverse geographic regions, the chemical composition of WSON varies strongly as a function of source region and atmospheric environment.
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Altieri, K. E., M. G. Hastings, A. J. Peters, and D. M. Sigman. "Molecular characterization of water soluble organic nitrogen in marine rainwater by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 7 (April 12, 2012): 3557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3557-2012.
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Abstract. Atmospheric water soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) is a subset of the complex organic matter in aerosols and rainwater, which impacts cloud condensation processes and aerosol chemical and optical properties and may play a significant role in the biogeochemical cycle of N. However, its sources, composition, connections to inorganic N, and variability are largely unknown. Rainwater samples were collected on the island of Bermuda (32.27° N, 64.87° W), which experiences both anthropogenic and marine influenced air masses. Samples were analyzed by ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to chemically characterize the WSON. Elemental compositions of 2281 N containing compounds were determined over the mass range m/z+ 50 to 500. The five compound classes with the largest number of elemental formulas identified, in order from the highest number of formulas to the lowest, contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON+), CHON compounds that contained sulfur (CHONS+), CHON compounds that contained phosphorus (CHONP+), CHON compounds that contained both sulfur and phosphorus (CHONSP+), and compounds that contained only carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN+). Compared to rainwater collected in the continental USA, average O:C ratios of all N containing compound classes were lower in the marine samples whereas double bond equivalent values were higher, suggesting a reduced role of secondary formation mechanisms. Despite their prevalence in continental rainwater, no organonitrates or nitrooxy-organosulfates were detected, but there was an increased presence of organic S and organic P containing compounds in the marine rainwater. Cluster analysis showed a clear chemical distinction between samples collected during the cold season (October to March) which have anthropogenic air mass origins and samples collected during the warm season (April to September) with remote marine air mass origins. This, in conjunction with patterns identified in van Krevelen diagrams, suggests that the cold season WSON is a mixture of organic matter with both marine and anthropogenic sources while in the warm season the WSON appears to be dominated by marine sources. These findings indicate that, although the concentrations and percent contribution of WSON to total N is fairly consistent across diverse geographic regions, the chemical composition of WSON varies strongly as a function of source region and atmospheric environment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds"
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Khumtaveeporn, Kanjai. "Rhodium catalyzed carbonylation and related reactions of nitrogen-, sulfur- and oxygen-containing cyclic and acyclic compounds." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10375.
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A systematic investigation has been carried out on the rhodium(I) catalyzed carbonylation of heterocyclic and acyclic compounds containing two heteroatoms at the 1,3-positions. The regioselectivities of carbon monoxide insertion are different in cyclic and acyclic compounds. When there is a choice between C-S and C-N bonds, in acyclic compounds, carbonylation of the C-N bond is more facile and the C-S bond is more easily carbonylated in acyclic compounds. When there is a possibility of ring or side chain carbonylation, it appears that the C-X bond of the side chain is more reactive. Rhodium(I) was also used to catalyze the carbonylation reaction of the N-O bond of isoxazolidine derivatives. When Ir-complexes were used as catalysts, the carbonylation occured and was followed by hydrogen transfer affording tetrahydro-1,3-oxazines as the final products. It was also found that substituents on the isoxazolidines have a dramatic effect on the reactivity of these substrates.
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Lee, Ho-man, and 李浩文. "Design, synthesis, luminescene and photochromic studies of dithienylethene-containing nitrogen and mixed nitrogen-oxygen donorligands and their complexes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41757890.
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Lee, Ho-man. "Design, synthesis, luminescene and photochromic studies of dithienylethene-containing nitrogen and mixed nitrogen-oxygen donor ligands and their complexes." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41757890.
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Ali, Abul Basar. "The incorporation of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen containing organic molecules into triosmium clusters." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445285/.
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This thesis describes the oxidative addition reactions of sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen containing organic molecules into triosmium clusters. The products were formed by C-H, O-H, N-H and S-S bond cleavage. The direct reaction of dibenzyl disulfide, di(2-thienyl)disulfide and di-tertiary-butyl disulfide with cluster Os3(MeCN)2(CO)io yielded their respective unsymmetrical thiolato derivatives: Os3(u-SCH2Ph)2(CO)io , Os3(p-StBu)2(CO)i0 and Os3(u- SC4H3S2)2(CO)io in high yields with the cleavage of the S-S bond. Only dibenzyl disulfide gave a second cluster Os3(u-H)(S2CH2Ph)(CO)io , which retained the S-S bond. Thermal treatment of Os3(u-SCH2Ph)2(CO)io gave the symmetrical isomer in which both sulfur ligands bridged the same pair of osmium atoms. The interconversion of isomers of the unsymmetrical form of Os3(u-SCH2Ph)2(CO)io , related by inversion at sulfur, gave Ea = 61.5 2.0 kJ mol"1, determined by NMR methods. The direct reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline with Os3(MeCN)2(CO)io employing various reaction conditions yielded both mono-, tri- and tetra-nuclear compounds: 0s(C9H6N0)2(C0)2 , 0s3(C9H6N0)2(C0)8 , Os3(u-H)(C9H6NO)(CO)9 and Os4(u- H)(C9H6N0)(C0)ii . Three isomers of complex 0s(C9H6N0)2(C0)2 were observed. Reactions between osmium carbonyl and phenols substituted with both electron- donating or accepting substituents always gave the dienone structures 0s3(u-H)2(u- 0C6H4X)(C0)9 (X = OH, F, OMe) in preference to the alternative aromatic form. The variable-temperature NMR spectra of Os3(u-H)2(u-OC6H40Me)(CO)9 show both the hydrides and the carbonyl ligands are mobile. Attempts to link clusters were only successful with hydroquinone which gave Os6(u-H)3(u-OC6H30)(CO)i9 . However with aminophenol, reaction was always preferred at the amine in preference to the hydroxyl group. Benzoquinone gave a unique cluster Os3(u-H)(u- OC6H5O)(CO)10 . Finally we have shown how the direct reaction of Os3(MeCN)2(CO)io with 4,4- dipyridyl disulfide yields the linked cluster OseCu-HMp-CsCsNXCOo leaving the S-S bond intact. The S-S cleavage occurs by treating Os6(p-H)2(n- C5H3NS2C5H3N)(CO)2o further with Os3(MeCN)2(CO)i0 to give Os9(u-H)2 (NC5fi3S)2(CO)3o . The initial reaction always takes place at the pyridine ligands followed by S-S cleavage. The reaction of 4-mercaptopyridine gave a linked cluster Os6(u-H)2(NC5H3S)(CO)2o . All these reactions were carried out at room temperature.
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Laduranty, Joëlle. "Mise au point de la préparation de molécules polyfonctionnelles comportant l'unité structurale SCCN de la cystéamine : applications en radioprotection et synthèse organique." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2013.
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Погребова, Інна Сергіївна. "Наукові основи створення синергетичних адсорбційних інгібіторів корозії поліфункціонального призначення." Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/45499.
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Дисертація присвячена вирішенню важливої науково-технічної проблеми:
підвищенню корозійної стійкості та експлуатаційно-технічних властивостей
металевих виробів, устаткування та пристроїв шляхом використання
синергетичних адсорбційних інгібіторів корозії широкого спектру захисної дії.
Розроблено науково-обґрунтований підхід до створення ефективних інгібіторів
корозії на основі поліфункціональних органічних сполук та комбінацій
органічних сполук і солей металів. Підхід базується на комплексному
дослідженні процесів адсорбції, встановленні взаємозв’язку між будовою
органічних сполук, їх адсорбційними захисними властивостями, визначенні
особливостей кінетики парціальних реакцій конкретних видів корозії і шляхів
впливу на них інгібіторів, врахуванні ефектів внутрішньомолекулярного і
міжмолекулярного синергізму, які виникають при інгібуванні корозії.
Досліджено закономірності адсорбції та захисної дії при кислотній корозії
заліза та вуглецевих сталей різних за хімічним складом монофункціональних і
поліфункціональних органічних сполук. Виявлена роль амінних, піридинієвих,
карбонільних, тіокарбонільних, карбоксильних груп в захисній дії цих
інгібіторів. Розвинені сучасні наукові положення щодо механізму захисної дії
органічних інгібіторів корозії та ролі різних частинних ефектів її інгібування.
Запропоновано і експериментально обґрунтовано рівняння, яке встановлює
взаємозв’язок між кінетичними параметрами корозійних процесів, захисною
дією інгібіторів та їх адсорбційними властивостями з урахуванням механізму
анодного розчинення заліза.
Досліджено і науково обґрунтовано ефекти внутрішньомолекулярного і
міжмолекулярного синергізму, які виникають при інгібуванні корозії металів
поліфункціональними органічними сполуками з атомами Нітрогену, Оксигену,
Сульфуру та сумішами органічних і неорганічних сполук різного механізму
захисної дії. Встановлено, що амінні та піридинові фрагменти
поліфункціональних органічних сполук забезпечують їх захисну дію за
енергетичним механізмом при невисоких температурах, а тіокарбонільних та
карбоксильних – при підвищених. Висвітлено взаємозв’язок між характером сил
взаємодії між адсорбованими частинками та їх захисною дією при кислотній
корозії заліза. Запропоновано новий тип синергетичних інгібіторів кислотної,
сольової та лужної корозії цинку на основі сумішей органічних сполук і катіонів
металів. Встановлено роль модифікації поверхневих властивостей цинку, що
відбувається внаслідок протікання різних електрохімічних процесів в захисній
дії цього типу інгібіторів корозії.
Розроблена модель адсорбції органічних сполук на металах, заснована на
уявленнях про утворення комплексів з частинним переносом заряду та
прогнозуванні її протікання з використанням принципу ЖМКО Пірсона. На
підставі застосування запропонованої моделі адсорбції розроблено напрямки
створення нових ефективних інгібіторів корозії, засновані на врахуванні
адсорбційних властивостей металів, специфіки механізмів корозії, ефектів
синергізму їх захисної дії.
Розроблено нову серію органічних інгібіторів корозії на основі
четвертинних піридинієвих солей з карбонільними групами широкого спектру
дії і поліфункціонального призначення (кислотна корозія, мікробна корозія
металів в умовах бактеріальної сульфатредукції, кислотне корозійно-механічне
руйнування сталей). Досліджено взаємозв’язок між захисною дією органічних
сполук, електронними та стеричними властивостями їх замісників та природою
додаткових функціональних угрупувань, схильних до безпосередньої адсорбції
на сталі. Виявлено роль біологічного та електрохімічного факторів при
інгібуванні корозії металів в умовах бактеріальної сульфатредукції. Науково
обґрунтовано ефект синергізму захисної дії органічних сполук під впливом
продуктів метаболізму бактерій (HS
-
, H
S).
Досліджено вплив інгібіторів на саморозряд, електричні та розрядні
2
характеристики цинкових та кадмієвих анодів хімічних джерел струму. На
підставі використання розроблених інгібіторів корозії запропоновано
удосконалені свинцево-цинкові та свинцево-кадмієві елементи з кислотними
електролітами, марганцево-цинкові елементи водно-сольової та водно-лужної
системи. Встановлена перспективність застосування комбінованого
протикорозійного захисту вуглецевих сталей в водних агресивних середовищах
на основі сумісного використання дифузійних покриттів та інгібіторів корозії.
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Chandrappa, G. T. "Studies on the complexes of transition metals with organic compounds containing Nitrogen, Sulphur and Oxygen atoms." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/2623.
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Pradeep, Priyamvada. "The suzuki-miyaura cross coupling reaction as a key step for the synthesis of oxygen and nitrogen containing hetero-aromatic compounds." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/19363.
Full textAbstract:
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science
University of the Witwatersrand
Johannesburg
In fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
June 2015The first two chapters of this thesis deals with the synthesis of 6H-benzo[d]-naphtho[ 1,2- b]pyran-6-one motif found in gilvocarcin as well as related aromatic compounds containing the aromatic pyranone moiety. The synthesis was undertaken by employing the Suzuki- Miyaura cross coupling reaction and a novel N-bromosuccinimide induced ring cyclization reaction to afford the pyranone. It was established that the treatment of both [2-(1,4- dimethoxynaphthalen-2-yl)phenyl]methanol and (2',5'-dimethoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2- yl)methanol separately with N-bromosuccinimide results in the unexpected synthesis of a naphthopyranone ring system in the form of 12-methoxy-6H-dibenzo[c,h]chromen-6-one and 2-methoxy-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one respectively. Application of the same methodology for the attempted synthesis of related compounds namely, 1-hydroxy-12-methoxy-6Hdibenzo[ c,h]chromen-6-one and 8-fluoro-12-methoxy-6H-dibenzo[c,h]chromen-6-one unfortunately did not generate the desired results. Attempts were made to elucidate the mechanism of this reaction. The most apparent mechanism indicates that Nbromosuccinimide, in the presence of air, oxidizes the benzylic alcohol to an aldehyde which is then converted to an acid bromide allowing for the ring closure with the adjacent aromatic ether to afford the desired pyranone. In Chapter 3 and 4 of this thesis we dealt with the synthesis of benzo[b]phenanthridine-7,12- dione motif, the backbone of biologically important secondary metabolite jadomycin B. Again, a key step involves employing the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction. The synthetic methodology also sheds some light on the dynamics of the ring closure of benzylic amines onto naphthoquinones resulting in the synthesis of benzo[i]phenanthridine-11,12- dione, 12-methoxybenzo[i]phenanthridine and 1-hydroxybenzo[i]phenanthridine-11,12-dione. The synthesis of benzo fused phenanthridines has been undertaken in Chapter 5 and 6 by employing Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction and a potassium t-butoxide and light mediated cyclization reaction as the key steps. The synthesis of 5- phenylbenzo[i]phenanthridine was undertaken successfully but attempts to execute the same methodology to form a compound library of related benzo-fused phenanthridines was unsuccessful. The same methodology employing a Suzuki-Miyura cross coupling reaction and potassium tbutoxide and light mediated cyclization reaction was applied in Chapter 7 and 8 of the thesis directed towards the synthesis of 13H-indolo[3,2-c]acridine and 3-methoxy-13H-indolo[3,2- c]acridine. The successful synthesis of the 13H-indolo[3,2-c]acridine is reported using this methodology.
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Chang, Ken-Lin, and 張耿崚. "Oxidation characteristics of fluorine-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing organic compounds by UV/O3." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21362108814712139796.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中山大學
環境工程研究所
95
DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) is a liquid with a high boiling point (189 oC) that has been extensively utilized in various industries owing to its ability to dissolve various organic and inorganic compounds. DMSO is increasingly being adopted as a detergent or a photo-resistant stripping solvent in manufacturing semiconductors and liquid crystal displays (LCD). Therefore, DMSO is now a major component of wastewater. The biological treatment of DMSO-containing wastewater generates noxious DMS (dimethyl sulfide) and other compounds that may cause odor problems. Also having a high water solubility and a moderate boiling point (110 oC), tetrafluoro propanol (TFP) has been extensively applied in the manufacture of CD-R and DVD-R, due to its ability to dissolve organic dyes. The spin coating process produces a large amount of wastewater containing TFP. No reports have been written on the biodegradability of TFP to the authors’ knowledge. Additionally, HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane) has been extensively used in life science microscopy and material science. For instance, the semiconductor industry employs HMDS to promote the adhesion of photo-resistant material to oxide(s). HMDS is classified as a carcinogen, and has an ammonia odor. Condensing incinerators have been found to be unsuitable for treating HMDS-containing waste gases, because of the formation of silicon dioxide, which blocks porous adsorbents. Biological treatment also appears to be unpromising due to its low water solubility and limited biodegradability. This investigation evaluates the feasibility, effectiveness and oxidation characteristics of aqueous DMSO, TFP and gaseous HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane) by UV/O3 processes. A reactor made entirely of acrylic plastic with an effective volume of 10 L was employed for the reactions. The tested VOCs concentrations were adjusted to 400–890mg/L and 772–887 mg/L for DMSO and TFP, respectively, and the gas (ozone-enriched air) flow rate was controlled at 3L/min. The effects of various solution pH values (acidic, alkaline, uncontrolled), solution temperatures (26 oC, 37 oC, 48 oC and 60 oC), and UV wavelengths (254 nm and 185+254 nm) on the removal of tested VOCs were studied . Additionally, the operation costs of treating DMSO and TFP by UV/O3 were estimated. Experimental results demonstrate that acidic conditions (pH = 3.6) favored the degradation of DMSO, and that the removal efficiency could reach 95% at a volumetric UV intensity P/V of 2.25 W/L and a reaction time of 120 min. However, alkaline conditions (pH = 9.5) favored the decomposition of TFP, with the removal efficiency reaching 95% at P/V = 2.5 W/L and a reaction time of 60 min. Both DMSO and TFP exhibited zero-order degradation kinetics when sufficient ozone was supplied. Raising the oxidation temperature did not increase the UV/O3 oxidation of TFP in the tested concentration and temperature ranges. Operation costs of the UV/O3 per unit volume of wastewater with DMSO or TFP are comparable to those of the methods described in the literature. For the gaseous HMDS oxidation, two batch reactors with effective volumes of 1.2 and 5.8 L were used employed with the decomposition occurred under UV (185+254 nm) irradiation and UV (254 nm)/O3 processes. Tests were performed with initial HMDS concentrations of 32–41mg/m3 under various initial ozone dosages (O3 (mg)/HMDS (mg) =1–5), atmospheres (N2, O2, and air), temperatures (28 oC, 46 oC, 65 oC and 80 oC), relative humilities (20%, 50%, 65% and 99%) and volumetric UV power inputs (0.87 W/L, 1.74 W/L, 4.07 W/L and 8.16 W/L) to assess their effects on the HMDS degradation rate. Results of this study demonstrate that the decomposition rates for the UV (185+254 nm) irradiation exceeded those for the UV (254 nm)/O3 process for all conditions. UV (185+254 nm) decompositions of HMDS displayed apparent first-order kinetics. A process with irradiation of UV (185+254 nm) to HMDS in air saturated with water at temperatures of 46–80 oC favors the HMDS degradation. With the above conditions and a P/V of around 8 W/L, k≈ 0.20 s−1, and over 90% of the initial HMDS was degraded in a time of 12s. The main mechanisms for the HMDS in wet air streams irradiated with UV (185+254 nm) were found to be caused by OH free radical oxidation produced from photolysis of water or O (1D) produced from photolysis of oxygen. Economic evaluation factors of UV (185+254 nm) and UV (254 nm)/O3 processes at various UV power inputs were also estimated.
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Wu, Zhi-Lin [Verfasser]. "Sonochemistry of selected hydrocarbons, sulfur containing and nitrogen containing organic compounds in aqueous solutions and nonaqueous Liquids / von Zhi-Lin Wu." 2005. http://d-nb.info/975294970/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds"
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Kirchman, David L. Processes in anoxic environments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
During organic material degradation in oxic environments, electrons from organic material, the electron donor, are transferred to oxygen, the electron acceptor, during aerobic respiration. Other compounds, such as nitrate, iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide, take the place of oxygen during anaerobic respiration in anoxic environments. The order in which these compounds are used by bacteria and archaea (only a few eukaryotes are capable of anaerobic respiration) is set by thermodynamics. However, concentrations and chemical state also determine the relative importance of electron acceptors in organic carbon oxidation. Oxygen is most important in the biosphere, while sulfate dominates in marine systems, and carbon dioxide in environments with low sulfate concentrations. Nitrate respiration is important in the nitrogen cycle but not in organic material degradation because of low nitrate concentrations. Organic material is degraded and oxidized by a complex consortium of organisms, the anaerobic food chain, in which the by-products from physiological types of organisms becomes the starting material of another. The consortium consists of biopolymer hydrolysis, fermentation, hydrogen gas production, and the reduction of either sulfate or carbon dioxide. The by-product of sulfate reduction, sulfide and other reduced sulfur compounds, is oxidized back eventually to sulfate by either non-phototrophic, chemolithotrophic organisms or by phototrophic microbes. The by-product of another main form of anaerobic respiration, carbon dioxide reduction, is methane, which is produced only by specific archaea. Methane is degraded aerobically by bacteria and anaerobically by some archaea, sometimes in a consortium with sulfate-reducing bacteria. Cultivation-independent approaches focusing on 16S rRNA genes and a methane-related gene (mcrA) have been instrumental in understanding these consortia because the microbes remain uncultivated to date. The chapter ends with some discussion about the few eukaryotes able to reproduce without oxygen. In addition to their ecological roles, anaerobic protists provide clues about the evolution of primitive eukaryotes.
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Seven-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Oxygen and Sulfur. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.
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Grassian, Vicki H., and Sarah C. Larsen. Synthesis, characterization and environmental applications of nanocrystalline zeolites. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.18.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes the synthesis, characterization and environmental applications of nanocrystalline zeolites. It begins by considering the use of nanocrystalline zeolites as building blocks in the preparation of hierarchical zeolite structures, followed by a discussion of the synthesis of silicalite-1 with systematically varied crystal sizes, along with the synthesis of nanocrystalline aluminosilicates, NaZSM-5 and NaY. It then looks at the various applications of nanozeolites and hierarchical zeolite structures for environmental catalysis, adsorption of volatile organic compounds and other environmental contaminants, selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide, and decontamination of organic phosphorus and sulfur-containing compounds. It also examines the unique properties and reactivity of nanocrystalline zeolites and concludes by assessing their potential for future environmental applications.
Book chapters on the topic "Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds"
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Voronkov, M. G., N. S. Vyazankin, E. N. Deryagina, A. S. Nakhmanovich, and V. A. Usov. "Nitrogen-Containing Compounds." In Reactions of Sulfur with Organic Compounds, 251–306. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0679-5_7.
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Voronkov, M. G., N. S. Vyazankin, E. N. Deryagina, A. S. Nakhmanovich, and V. A. Usov. "Oxygen-Containing Compounds." In Reactions of Sulfur with Organic Compounds, 189–250. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0679-5_6.
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Rudzinski, Walter E. "Chromatographic Separation and Atmospheric Pressure Ionization/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Nitrogen, Sulfur and Oxygen Containing Compounds in Crude Oils." In Analytical Advances for Hydrocarbon Research, 313–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9212-3_13.
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Selt, M., and S. R. Waldvogel. "9 Anodic Arylation Reactions." In Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00167.
Full textAbstract:
The arylation of organic compounds is a tremendously important tool in organic synthesis, since substituted (het)arenes are essential moieties in many applications ranging from organic intermediates to natural products, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Therefore, an effective, sustainable, and economic synthetic accesses to such compounds is of great demand. This chapter covers the arylation of carbon and heteroatom compounds via an electrooxidative pathway. Direct dehydrogenative methods without the application of a metal catalyst as well as constant-current electrolyses are emphasized. The electrochemical synthesis of biaryl compounds, arylalkanes and arylalkenes, as well as arylated nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur compounds are described in detail. Additionally, the synthesis of heterocycles through anodic arylation reactions is discussed.
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Schulz, H., and N. M. Rahman. "Elementary Steps of Hydrogenative Sulfur-, Nitrogen- and Oxygen-Removal From Organic Compounds on Sulfided Catalysts." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 585–96. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(08)64040-9.
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Keefer, Robert F. "Parts of a Soil (Soil Constituents) Air, Water, Minerals, and Organic Matter." In Handbook of Soils for Landscape Architects. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121025.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Soils physically consist of soil solids and pore space. Soil solids are composed of (a) mineral matter such as sand (coarse particles), silt (fine particles), and clay (very fine particles), and (b) soil organic matter, like decaying plant, animal, and microbial remains, along with microbial synthates. The pore space is occupied by soil air and soil water, each of which has a different makeup than atmospheric air and rainwater. Soil air often has more carbon dioxide and gases of nitrogen and sulfur compounds. Soil water has much more dissolved substances in it than rainwater. Soil solids occupy about 50% of a soil. They are made up of about 45% mineral matter and about 5% organic matter, but these proportions vary greatly. Soil mineral matter consists of very coarse rocks (primary minerals) and the three main soil parts: . . . 1. Coarse—Sand (a primary mineral, silicon dioxide) 2. Fine—Silts (both primary or secondary minerals) 3. Very Fine—Clays (secondary minerals) . . . Soil organic matter consists of plant and animal remains (in various stages of decomposition), microorganisms, and compounds synthesized by microorganisms. Soil pore space occupies about 50% of a soil and consists of the open space occupied by either air or water. The proportions of air and water that are present can greatly influence plant growth. Soil air is necessary for plants to grow, but if this component dominates, drought occurs and plant growth suffers. Soil water is also necessary for plant growth, but if this component dominates, flooding occurs and plant growth also suffers as most plants require a supply of oxygen. Soil consists of natural elements, for example, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Ti, P, and others. Often the elements are present in oxides, sulfides, silicates, and other combinations. These elements or their combined form are present as rocks (primary minerals), clays (secondary minerals), and available nutrients for plants. Soil contains many life forms.
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Mikšík, Ivan, and Zdeněk Deyl. "Compounds Containing Heterocyclic Nitrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur." In Journal of Chromatography Library, 609–50. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4770(08)60313-9.
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Das, Aparna, and Bimal Krishna Banik. "Microwave-assisted synthesis of oxygen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds." In Microwaves in Chemistry Applications, 107–42. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822895-1.00010-2.
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Artaxo, Paulo. "The Atmospheric Component of Biogeochemical Cycles in the Amazon Basin." In The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114317.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Tropical forests, with their high biological activity, have the potential to emit large amounts of trace gases and aerosol particles to the atmosphere. The accelerated development and land clearing that is occurring in large areas of the Amazon basin suggest that anthropogenic effects on natural biogeochemical cycles are already occurring (Gash et al. 1996). The atmosphere plays a key role in this process. The tropics are the part of the globe with the most rapidly growing population, the most dramatic industrial expansion and the most rapid and pervasive change in land use and land cover. Also the tropics contain the largest standing stocks of terrestrial vegetation and have the highest rates of photosynthesis and respiration. It is likely that changes in tropical land use will have a profound impact on the global atmosphere (Andreae 1998, Andreae and Crutzen 1997). A significant fraction of nutrients are transported or dislocated through the atmosphere in the form of trace gases, aerosol particles, and rainwater (Keller et al. 1991). Also the global effects of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and other trace gases have in the forest ecosystems a key partner. The large emissions of isoprene, terpenes, and many other volatile organic compounds could impact carbon cycling and the production of secondary aerosol particles over the Amazon region. Vegetation is a natural source of many types of aerosol particles that play an important role in the radiation budget over large areas (Artaxo et al. 1998). There are 5 major reservoirs in the Earth system: atmosphere, biosphere (vegetation, animals), soils, hydrosphere (oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater), and the lithosphere (Earth crust). Elemental cycles of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements interact with the different reservoirs of the Earth system. The carbon cycle has important aspects in tropical forests due to the large amount of carbon stored in the tropical forests and the high rate of tropical deforestation (Jacob 1999). In Amazonia there are two very different atmospheric conditions: the wet season (mostly from November to June) and the dry season (July-October) (see Marengo and Nobre, this volume). Biomass burning emissions dominate completely the atmospheric concentrations over large areas of the Amazon basin during the dry season (Artaxo et al. 1988).
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Hiroyuki, Hatano, Rokushika Souji, and Ohkawa Takashi. "Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) Study of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Compounds." In Instrumentation for Trace Organic Monitoring, 27–48. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351073721-3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-containing organic compounds"
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Wei, Ma. "Oil-Source Correlation Study in Kuche Depression of Tarim Basin Using Nitrogen, Sulfur and Oxygen-Containing Compounds." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2837.
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Kauffman, Robert E. "The Effects of Different Sulfur Compounds on Jet Fuel Oxidation and Deposition." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-222.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents research which supports a proposed fuel oxidation/deposition mechanism involving acid: base reactions between “oxidizable” sulfur compounds, “basic” nitrogen compounds, and oxygen containing polymers. The reported research presents experiments which study the effects of different sulfur compounds on the high temperature (160–220°C) oxidation products and deposition tendencies of jet fuel. Surface analyses incorporating elemental analyses and depth profiles of deposits formed on steel surfaces were performed to identify the species involved in the initial stages of deposition by jet fuels. Experiments to study the effects of acid neutralizing compounds on the deposition tendencies of jet fuels are also presented.
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Knight, Colette C., James C. Carnahan, Kevin Janora, and John F. Ackerman. "Jet Fuel Oxidation and Deposition." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-183.
Full textAbstract:
The chemistry leading to homogeneous deposit formation when Jet A fuel is heated between 170–300°C was investigated by characterizing both the deposits and changes in the fuel after deposit formation. The maximum amount of deposits that form from static Jet A fuel heated at 200°C with a continuous airflow is ∼5 wt. % indicating the presence of a finite concentration of easily oxidizable species that lead to the deposits. The deposits were characterized using CPMAS NMR, FTIR, elemental analysis, GCIR and chemical derivatization. They are highly aromatic, enriched in oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur relative to the fuel, and contain carboxylic acids and ketone functional groups. The role of nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds is also discussed. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of derivatized heated fuel shows a substantial growth in molecular weight. We find hydrocarbons equivalent to C-70 oxidation compounds in fuel heated in an air environment. In Jet A fuel, whose deposit formation capacity is not exhausted, the latter can continue to react at room temperature to form deposits. This is a concern especially for recirculating applications since it implies that once the fuel has been heated, deposits can precipitate in the holding tanks even when the fuel is cool.