Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms"

1

Bielikova, O. Yu, N. A. Matvieieva, L. S. Yastremskaya, and A. B. Tashyrev. "The determination of the stability of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms of the soil of Ecuador to toxic metals CrO42–, Ni2+, Cu2+." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 23 (September 9, 2018): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v23.1026.

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Aim. The aim of the work was to determine the stability of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms isolated from the rhizosphere of bromelia (Ecuador), to the effect of toxic metals. Methods. Microorganisms were isolated on the Ashby nutrient medium. The selected strains were cultured on a medium with Cu2+ (Cu (ІІ) citrate) from 50 to 500 mg/l by cation in steps of 50; Ni2+ (NiCl2) from 20 to 200 mg/l by cation in steps of 20; Cr (VI) (K2CrO4) from 20 to 100 mg/l with Cr (VI) in increments of 20. The growth of microorganisms in the presence of metals was characterized by the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of metals, duration of lag phase and the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms with increasing concentration of toxic metals. Results. The selected dominant nitrogen-fixing microorganisms from the soil of Ecuador were resistant to toxic metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr (VI)) in high concentrations. It was found that MPC for microbial communities of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms were: 40 mg/l Cr (VI), 300 mg/l Cu2+ and 100 mg/l Ni2+. Conclusions. It was shown that the selected dominant nitrogen-fixing microorganisms from the Ecuadorian soil were resistant to toxic metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr (VI)) in high concentrations, which in 4–30 times exceed the damage or bactericidal concentrations for the majority of known organophosphate microorganisms of natural ecosystems. Keywords: metalresistance, nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cr (VI).
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Voqqosov, Zuxriddin, Maftuna Ikramova, and Madina Olimjanova. "Production of organomineral fertilizers based on local raw materials and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms." E3S Web of Conferences 486 (2024): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448605009.

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This article deals with production of organomineral fertilizers based on local raw materials cattle dung local ores (Kyzilkum phosphorite flour and Navbahor bentonite) and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Based on the experiments the following results were obtained. During 60 days the raw materials selected for the experiment were used in optimal proportions: cattle dung: bentonite: nitrogen-fixing microorganisms solution (100:5:0-4) and the main chemistry of organomineral fertilizers obtained on the basis of cattle dung. bentonite. phosphorite flour and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Composition (CD:B:PF:NFM=100:5:5:(0-4)) was analyzed. The physico-chemical and commercial properties of the obtained new type of organomineral fertilizers were studied. The contents of organomineral fertilizer samples were analyzed by modern physicochemical methods. Composting cattle dung with local ores and processing the resulting mixture with a solution containing nitrogen-fixing microorganisms allows to further increase humic substances. assimilable forms of phosphorus and. most importantly. increase. Due to the biofixation of atmospheric molecular nitrogen. the amount of nitrogen increased by 3.4- 4.6 times.
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Kuznetsova, T. A., M. V. Vechersky, M. V. Golichenkov, N. V. Kostina, M. M. Umarov, and E. I. Naumova. "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the hare gastrointestinal tract." Doklady Biological Sciences 456, no. 1 (May 2014): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0012496614030119.

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Mårtensson, A. M., and L. Torstensson. "Monitoring sewage sludge using heterotrophic nitrogen fixing microorganisms." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 28, no. 12 (December 1996): 1621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(96)00256-8.

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Kamenev, Roman Aleksandrovich, Alisa Aleksandrovna Sevostyanova, Natalya Nikolaevna Gusakova, and Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Gudova. "Productivity of grain corn in the lower don after application of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 9 (September 24, 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2019i9pp11-17.

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The results of a three-year field experiment to study the effect of mineral fertilizers and biopreparations with active strains of associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms on the yield and quality of corn on the ordinary chernozem of the Lower Don are presented. The application of a combination of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P40K40 ensured high efficiency. The increase in grain yield compared to the control option was 1.85 t / ha, or 61.3%. The increase in yield after a bacterial preparation application with a strain of associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms 2P-7 without mineral fertilizers was 40.1%, after application of the biopreparation 2P-9 with nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers in a dose of N30P40 - 55.3%. The greatest effect in protein harvesting was after application of N60P40K40 - 81.6%, after application of 2P-7 and 2P-9 - 51.9 and 55.6%, respectively. After their combined application with nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers it increased by 20.9 and 22.2%. The level of profitability varied from 17% after application of full mineral fertilizer to 69% under the influence of biological products of associative nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
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Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N., Meredith B. Nevers, Katarzyna Przybyla‐Kelly, Satoshi Ishii, Timothy L. King, and Aaron W. Aunins. "Great Lakes Cladophora harbors phylogenetically diverse nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms." Environmental DNA 1, no. 2 (June 17, 2019): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/edn3.20.

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7

Mohr, Wiebke, Nadine Lehnen, Soeren Ahmerkamp, Hannah K. Marchant, Jon S. Graf, Bernhard Tschitschko, Pelin Yilmaz, et al. "Terrestrial-type nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between seagrass and a marine bacterium." Nature 600, no. 7887 (November 3, 2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04063-4.

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AbstractSymbiotic N2-fixing microorganisms have a crucial role in the assimilation of nitrogen by eukaryotes in nitrogen-limited environments1–3. Particularly among land plants, N2-fixing symbionts occur in a variety of distantly related plant lineages and often involve an intimate association between host and symbiont2,4. Descriptions of such intimate symbioses are lacking for seagrasses, which evolved around 100 million years ago from terrestrial flowering plants that migrated back to the sea5. Here we describe an N2-fixing symbiont, ‘Candidatus Celerinatantimonas neptuna’, that lives inside seagrass root tissue, where it provides ammonia and amino acids to its host in exchange for sugars. As such, this symbiosis is reminiscent of terrestrial N2-fixing plant symbioses. The symbiosis between Ca. C. neptuna and its host Posidonia oceanica enables highly productive seagrass meadows to thrive in the nitrogen-limited Mediterranean Sea. Relatives of Ca. C. neptuna occur worldwide in coastal ecosystems, in which they may form similar symbioses with other seagrasses and saltmarsh plants. Just like N2-fixing microorganisms might have aided the colonization of nitrogen-poor soils by early land plants6, the ancestors of Ca. C. neptuna and its relatives probably enabled flowering plants to invade nitrogen-poor marine habitats, where they formed extremely efficient blue carbon ecosystems7.
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Umarov, Otabek, Zahro Bafayeva, and Muhammad Alimov. "Soil salinity effects on nitrogen fixers and cellulose decomposing microorganisms." E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454903016.

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This article presents data on the effect of soil salinity on the activity of nitrogen-fixing and cellulose-degrading microorganisms in alluvial soils of widely irrigated meadows in the Bukhara region. According to it, the activity of nitrogen-fixing and cellulose-decomposing microorganisms was studied as a control in non-saline soils, and scientific data was presented on how the activity of these bacteria changes in weakly saline, moderately saline, and strongly saline soils in the order of increasing levels of salinity, and which of the easily soluble salts in water had the greatest effect on it.
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Soumare, Abdoulaye, Abdala G. Diedhiou, Moses Thuita, Mohamed Hafidi, Yedir Ouhdouch, Subramaniam Gopalakrishnan, and Lamfeddal Kouisni. "Exploiting Biological Nitrogen Fixation: A Route Towards a Sustainable Agriculture." Plants 9, no. 8 (August 11, 2020): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9081011.

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For all living organisms, nitrogen is an essential element, while being the most limiting in ecosystems and for crop production. Despite the significant contribution of synthetic fertilizers, nitrogen requirements for food production increase from year to year, while the overuse of agrochemicals compromise soil health and agricultural sustainability. One alternative to overcome this problem is biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Indeed, more than 60% of the fixed N on Earth results from BNF. Therefore, optimizing BNF in agriculture is more and more urgent to help meet the demand of the food production needs for the growing world population. This optimization will require a good knowledge of the diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, the mechanisms of fixation, and the selection and formulation of efficient N-fixing microorganisms as biofertilizers. Good understanding of BNF process may allow the transfer of this ability to other non-fixing microorganisms or to non-leguminous plants with high added value. This minireview covers a brief history on BNF, cycle and mechanisms of nitrogen fixation, biofertilizers market value, and use of biofertilizers in agriculture. The minireview focuses particularly on some of the most effective microbial products marketed to date, their efficiency, and success-limiting in agriculture. It also highlights opportunities and difficulties of transferring nitrogen fixation capacity in cereals.
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Liu, Jiaying, Yawei Wei, Haitao Du, Wenxu Zhu, Yongbin Zhou, and You Yin. "Effects of Intercropping between Morus alba and Nitrogen Fixing Species on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity." Forests 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2022): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091345.

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The intercropping of nitrogen-fixing and non-nitrogen-fixing tree species changed the availability of soil nitrogen and soil microbial community structure and then affected the regulation process of soil carbon and nitrogen cycle by microorganisms in an artificial forest. However, there is no consensus on the effect of soil nitrogen on soil microorganisms. In this study, the intercropping of mulberry and twigs was completed through pot experiments. Total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil were determined, and the composition and structure of the soil microbial community were visualized by PCR amplification and 16S rRNA ITS sequencing. The analysis found that the intercropping of Morus alba L. and Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. had no significant effect on soil pH but significantly increased the contents of total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the soil. The effect on the alpha diversity of the bacterial community was not significant, but the effect on the evenness and diversity of the fungal community was significant (p < 0.05). It was also found that soil nutrients had no significant effect on bacterial community composition but had a significant effect on the diversity within the fungal community. This study added theoretical support for the effects of intercropping between non-nitrogen-fixing tree species and nitrogen-fixing tree species on soil nutrients and microbial community diversity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms"

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Landrum, Jason Paul. "Movement of new nitrogen through oceanic food webs." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28151.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Joseph Montoya; Committee Member: Ellery Ingall; Committee Member: Emanuele DiLorenzo; Committee Member: Marc Weissburg; Committee Member: Mark Hay.
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Terpolilli, Jason James. "Why are the symbioses between some genotypes of Sinorhizobium and Medicago suboptimal for N₂ fixation? /." Murdoch University Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090727.143325.

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Lennihan, Robert. "Ecology of Nostoc in a high arctic oasis /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5184.

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Rapley, Joanne. "Phylogenetic diversity of nifH genes in Marion Island soil." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1001_1223535337.

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The microbial life of sub-Antarctic islands plays a key role in the islands ecosystem, with microbial activities providing the majority of nutrients available for primary production. Knowledge of microbial diversity is still in its infancy and this is particularly true regarding the diversity of micro-organisms in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. One particularly important functional group of micro-organisms is the diazotrophs, or nitrogen-fixing bacteria and archaea. This group have not been well studied in the sub-Antarctic region, but play an important role in the nutrient cycling of the island. This thesis explored the diversity of nitrogen-fixing organisms in the soil of different ecological habitats on the sub-Antarctic Marion Island.

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Bunch, Nathan D. "Microbial response to nitrogen availability : preferential and adaptive community uptake." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1562868.

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This project was designed to assess the ability of natural sediment microbial communities and single species microbial populations to preferentially utilize inorganic forms of nitrogen (ammonium, NH4-N, and nitrate, NO3-N, specifically). The first chapter addressed two primary questions: 1) Do sediment microbial communities preferentially assimilate NH4-N or NO3-N?; and, 2) Does preferential uptake of nitrogen change with increased NH4-N or NO3-N availability? The second chapter furthered these analyses by assessing shifts in microbial nitrogen assimilation in response to sustained nitrogen enrichments. Primary questions addressed were: 1) Are microbial communities able to adapt to nitrogen enrichment and preferentially utilize a more available source?; and, 2) Are initial microbial responses to nitrogen enrichment different from sustained responses? Questions were addressed with in vitro laboratory experiments quantifying microbial activity. Overall, microbial community activity changed in response to the form of nitrogen available, enrichment type, and duration of exposure. Data demonstrate sediment microbial communities in the Midwestern US may prefer NO3-N over other forms of nitrogen. However, microbial communities became saturated with NO3-N with increases in concentrations >0.75 mg NO3-N/L. Microbial communities were able to adapt to higher nitrogen concentration and increase rates of assimilation for both NH4-N and NO3-N. Thus, microbial communities are robust in response to nitrogen increases in and ecosystem, even in high nitrogen environments like the Midwestern US.
Preferential uptake of available nitrogen forms -- Adaptive uptake in microbial communities.
Department of Biology
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Xin, Gang. "Diazotrophic endophytes of Populus /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10104.

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Lynch, Derek H. (Derek Henry). "Low root-zone temperatures and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) N2- fixing symbiosis development." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56677.

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This research tested the hypotheses that (a) suboptimal root-zone temperatures (RZT) limit the soybean-Bradyrhizobium N$ sb2$-fixing symbiosis primarily through an inhibition of symbiosis establishment and (b) this inhibition is modified by the genotype of micro- or macrosymbiont. Controlled environment and field experiments were conducted utilizing two soybean genotypes and six B. japonicum strains. At 19$ sp circ$C RZT fixed nitrogen levels decreased by 30-40%, predominantly due to a restriction in the latter stages of nodule development. Reductions of 10% and 30% in specific nodule activity rates at 19$ sp circ$C and 15$ sp circ$C RZT respectively, indicated nodule function to be comparatively insensitive to low RZT. Soybean genotypes did not differ in seedling nodulation or N$ sb2$-fixation under cool-soil, field or controlled environment, conditions. At all temperatures, commercial B. japonicum strain 532C was more efficient, but not effective, than strains obtained from the cool-soils of Northern Japan. Under cool-soil field conditions, two of the latter strains increased seedling nodulation and N$ sb2$-fixation.
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Nandasena, Kemanthi Gayathri. "Rapid evolution of diversity in the root nodule bacteria Biserrula plecinus L." Thesis, Nandasena, Kemanthi Gayathri (2004) Rapid evolution of diversity in the root nodule bacteria Biserrula plecinus L. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/221/.

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Biserrula pelecinus L. has been introduced to Australia from the Mediterranean region, in the last decade due to many attractive agronomic features. This deep rooted, hard seeded, acid tolerant and insect resistant legume species provides high quality food for cattle and sheep, and grows well under the harsh edaphic and environmental conditions of Australia. In 1994, B. pelecinus was introduced to a site in Northam, Western Australia where there were no native rhizobia capable of nodulating this legume. The introduced plants were inoculated with a single inoculant strain of Mesorhizobium sp., WSM1271. This study investigated whether a diversity of rhizobia emerged over time. A second objective was to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in the diversification of rhizobia able to nodulate B. pelecinus. Eighty eight isolates of rhizobia were obtained from nodules on B. pelecinus growing at the Northam site in August 2000, six years after introduction. These plants were self-regenerating offspring from the original seeds sown. Molecular fingerprinting PCR with RPO1 and ERIC primers revealed that seven strains (novel isolates) had banding patterns distinct from WSM1271 while 81 strains had similar banding patterns to WSM1271. A 1400 bp internal fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced for four of the novel isolates (N17, N18, N45 and N87) and WSM1271. The phylogenetic tree developed using these sequences clustered the novel isolates in Mesorhizobium. There were >6 nucleotide mismatches between three of the novel isolates (N17, N18, N87) and WSM1271 while there were 23 nucleotide mismatches between N45 and WSM1271. When B. pelecinus cv. Casbah was inoculated with the novel isolates, five (N17, N18, N39, N46 and N87) yielded <40% of the shoot dry weight of the plants inoculated with the original inoculant (WSM1271). Novel isolates N15 and N45 were completely ineffective on B. pelecinus cv. Casbah. Physiological experiments to test the ability of the novel isolates and WSM1271 to grow on 14 different carbon sources (N acetyl glucosamine, arabinose, arbutine, dulcitol, beta-gentiobiose, lactose, maltose, melibiose, D-raffinose, saccharose, L-sorbose, D-tagatose, trehalose and D-turanose) as the sole source of carbon, intrinsic resistance to eight different antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, spectinomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline) and pH tolerance (pH 4.5, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0) revealed that the novel isolates had significantly different carbon source utilization patterns to WSM1271. However, pH tolerance and intrinsic resistance to antibiotics were similar between the novel isolates and WSM1271 except for streptomycin (100 mcg/ml). Novel isolates N17, N18, N46 and N87 were susceptible for this antibiotic while the other novel isolates and WSM1271 were resistant. Host range experiments were performed for the novel isolates N17, N18, N45, N87, WSM1271 and two other root nodule bacteria (RNB) previously isolated from B. pelecinus growing in the Mediterranean region (WSM1284 and WSM1497) for twenty one legumes (Amorpha fruticosa, Astragalus adsurgens, Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus sinicus, Biserrula pelecinus cv Casbah, Dorycnium hirsutum, Dorycnium rectum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Hedysarum spinosissimum, Leucaena leucocephala, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus edulis, Lotus glaber, Lotus maroccanus, Lotus ornithopodioides, Lotus parviflorus, Lotus pedunculatus, Lotus peregrinus, Lotus subbiflorus, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Ornithopus sativus). Only isolate N17 have the same host range as WSM1271 in that they both nodulated B. pelecinus and A. membranaceus, while the other three novel isolates, WSM1284 and WSM1497 had a broader host range than WSM1271. Three isolates N18, N45 and N87 formed small white nodules on M. atropurpureum, in addition to nodulating the above hosts. Isolates N18 and N45 also nodulated A. adsurgens while N45 was the only isolate to nodulate L. edulis. Isolate N87 was the only isolate to nodulate A. fruticosa. WSM1497 nodulated A. adsurgens, A. membranaceus, B. pelecinus and L. corniculatus while WSM1284 was a promiscuous strain that nodulated 16 host species out of the 21 tested. A 710 bp internal region of nifH, a 567 bp internal region of nodA and a 1044 bp internal region of intS were sequenced for N17, N18, N45, N87 and WSM1271. The sequence comparison showed that the sequences of the above three genes of the four novel isolates were identical to that of WSM1271. Eckhardt gel electrophoresis revealed that WSM1271, three other RNB isolates from B. pelecinus from the Mediterranean region and isolate N18 each have a plasmid of approximately 500 kb while N17, N45 and N87 are plasmid free. Probing of the plasmid DNA from the Eckhardt gel with nifH and nodA probes indicated that these two genes were not located on the plasmid. Furthermore, the results of this study demonstrated that 92% of the nodules on B. pelecinus growing in the Northam site six years after the introduction of this plant were occupied by the inoculant strain and the N2 fixation efficiency of the progeny strains of WSM1271 remain similar to the mother culture. This study also showed that the carbon source utilization pattern, intrinsic antibiotic resistance and pH range of the progeny strains of WSM1271 remain relatively similar, except for few variations in carbon source utilization patterns. This thesis clearly demonstrated that phenotypicaly, genetically and phylogenetically diverse strains capable nodulating B. pelecinus evolved through symbiotic gene transfer from the inoculant strain to other soil bacteria within six years. The presence of intS, and the evidence of gene transfer between these Mesorhizobium strains indicates that transfer of symbiotic genes may have occurred via a symbiosis island present in WSM1271.
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9

Nandasena, Kemanthi Gayathri. "Rapid evolution of diversity in the root nodule bacteria Biserrula plecinus L." Nandasena, Kemanthi Gayathri (2004) Rapid evolution of diversity in the root nodule bacteria Biserrula plecinus L. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/221/.

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Biserrula pelecinus L. has been introduced to Australia from the Mediterranean region, in the last decade due to many attractive agronomic features. This deep rooted, hard seeded, acid tolerant and insect resistant legume species provides high quality food for cattle and sheep, and grows well under the harsh edaphic and environmental conditions of Australia. In 1994, B. pelecinus was introduced to a site in Northam, Western Australia where there were no native rhizobia capable of nodulating this legume. The introduced plants were inoculated with a single inoculant strain of Mesorhizobium sp., WSM1271. This study investigated whether a diversity of rhizobia emerged over time. A second objective was to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in the diversification of rhizobia able to nodulate B. pelecinus. Eighty eight isolates of rhizobia were obtained from nodules on B. pelecinus growing at the Northam site in August 2000, six years after introduction. These plants were self-regenerating offspring from the original seeds sown. Molecular fingerprinting PCR with RPO1 and ERIC primers revealed that seven strains (novel isolates) had banding patterns distinct from WSM1271 while 81 strains had similar banding patterns to WSM1271. A 1400 bp internal fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced for four of the novel isolates (N17, N18, N45 and N87) and WSM1271. The phylogenetic tree developed using these sequences clustered the novel isolates in Mesorhizobium. There were >6 nucleotide mismatches between three of the novel isolates (N17, N18, N87) and WSM1271 while there were 23 nucleotide mismatches between N45 and WSM1271. When B. pelecinus cv. Casbah was inoculated with the novel isolates, five (N17, N18, N39, N46 and N87) yielded <40% of the shoot dry weight of the plants inoculated with the original inoculant (WSM1271). Novel isolates N15 and N45 were completely ineffective on B. pelecinus cv. Casbah. Physiological experiments to test the ability of the novel isolates and WSM1271 to grow on 14 different carbon sources (N acetyl glucosamine, arabinose, arbutine, dulcitol, beta-gentiobiose, lactose, maltose, melibiose, D-raffinose, saccharose, L-sorbose, D-tagatose, trehalose and D-turanose) as the sole source of carbon, intrinsic resistance to eight different antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, spectinomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline) and pH tolerance (pH 4.5, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0) revealed that the novel isolates had significantly different carbon source utilization patterns to WSM1271. However, pH tolerance and intrinsic resistance to antibiotics were similar between the novel isolates and WSM1271 except for streptomycin (100 mcg/ml). Novel isolates N17, N18, N46 and N87 were susceptible for this antibiotic while the other novel isolates and WSM1271 were resistant. Host range experiments were performed for the novel isolates N17, N18, N45, N87, WSM1271 and two other root nodule bacteria (RNB) previously isolated from B. pelecinus growing in the Mediterranean region (WSM1284 and WSM1497) for twenty one legumes (Amorpha fruticosa, Astragalus adsurgens, Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus sinicus, Biserrula pelecinus cv Casbah, Dorycnium hirsutum, Dorycnium rectum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Hedysarum spinosissimum, Leucaena leucocephala, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus edulis, Lotus glaber, Lotus maroccanus, Lotus ornithopodioides, Lotus parviflorus, Lotus pedunculatus, Lotus peregrinus, Lotus subbiflorus, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Ornithopus sativus). Only isolate N17 have the same host range as WSM1271 in that they both nodulated B. pelecinus and A. membranaceus, while the other three novel isolates, WSM1284 and WSM1497 had a broader host range than WSM1271. Three isolates N18, N45 and N87 formed small white nodules on M. atropurpureum, in addition to nodulating the above hosts. Isolates N18 and N45 also nodulated A. adsurgens while N45 was the only isolate to nodulate L. edulis. Isolate N87 was the only isolate to nodulate A. fruticosa. WSM1497 nodulated A. adsurgens, A. membranaceus, B. pelecinus and L. corniculatus while WSM1284 was a promiscuous strain that nodulated 16 host species out of the 21 tested. A 710 bp internal region of nifH, a 567 bp internal region of nodA and a 1044 bp internal region of intS were sequenced for N17, N18, N45, N87 and WSM1271. The sequence comparison showed that the sequences of the above three genes of the four novel isolates were identical to that of WSM1271. Eckhardt gel electrophoresis revealed that WSM1271, three other RNB isolates from B. pelecinus from the Mediterranean region and isolate N18 each have a plasmid of approximately 500 kb while N17, N45 and N87 are plasmid free. Probing of the plasmid DNA from the Eckhardt gel with nifH and nodA probes indicated that these two genes were not located on the plasmid. Furthermore, the results of this study demonstrated that 92% of the nodules on B. pelecinus growing in the Northam site six years after the introduction of this plant were occupied by the inoculant strain and the N2 fixation efficiency of the progeny strains of WSM1271 remain similar to the mother culture. This study also showed that the carbon source utilization pattern, intrinsic antibiotic resistance and pH range of the progeny strains of WSM1271 remain relatively similar, except for few variations in carbon source utilization patterns. This thesis clearly demonstrated that phenotypicaly, genetically and phylogenetically diverse strains capable nodulating B. pelecinus evolved through symbiotic gene transfer from the inoculant strain to other soil bacteria within six years. The presence of intS, and the evidence of gene transfer between these Mesorhizobium strains indicates that transfer of symbiotic genes may have occurred via a symbiosis island present in WSM1271.
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10

Dale, Olivia R. "Detection, diversity, and activity on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (Anammox) in the Cape Fear River Estuary /." Electronic version (PDF), 2007. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2007-1/r1/daleo/oliviadale.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms"

1

Döbereiner, Johanna. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in nonleguminous crop plants. Madison, Wis: Science Tech Publishers, 1987.

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Crawford, Martin. Nitrogen-fixing plants for temperate climates. Dartington: Agroforestry Research Trust, 1995.

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International Workshop on Associative Interactions of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria with Plants (1995 Saratov, Russia). International Workshop on Associative Interaction of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria with Plants: Saratov, Russia, June 5-8, 1995 : book of abstracts. Saratov, Russia: [Russian Academy of Sciences, 1995.

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International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes (3rd 1984 Helsinki, Finland). Nitrogen fixation with non-legumes: The Third International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Helsinki, 2-8 September 1984. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1986.

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International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes (5th 1990 Florence, Italy). Nitrogen fixation: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes, Florence, Italy, 10-14 September 1990. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.

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International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation (7th 1987 Cologne, West Germany). Nitrogen fixation: 100 years after : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation, Ko ln (Cologne), F.R.G., March 13- 20, 1988. Stuttgart: Fischer, 1988.

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Manuel, Megias Guijo, Ruiz Berraquero Francisco, and Reunión de Genética de Rhizobium y su Aplicación a la Agricultura (1st : 1986 : Seville, Spain), eds. Avances en la biología de la fijación simbiótica del nitrógeno atmosférico. Sevilla: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla, 1987.

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P, Rupela O., Asia Working Group on Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes., and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics., eds. Linking biological nitrogen fixation research in Asia: Report of a meeting of the Asia Working Group on Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes, 6-8 Dec. 1993, ICRISAT Asia Center, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 1994.

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National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Pakistan). Opportunities for biological nitrogen fixation in rice and other non-legumes: Papers presented at the second working group meeting of the frontier project on nitrogen fixation in rice held at the National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan, 13-15 October 1996. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

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International, Symposium/Workshop on Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice (1994 Dhaka Bangladesh). Biological nitrogen fixation associated with rice production: Based on selected papers presented in the International Symposium on Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 28 November-2 December, 1994. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms"

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Pinhey, Sally, and Margaret Tebbs. "Bacteria and other microorganisms." In Plants for soil regeneration: an illustrated guide, 19–22. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243604.0004.

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Abstract This chapter discusses bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms which are present in soil. These organisms keep soil alive with a variety of activities, maintaining the balance of life on Earth by fixing nitrogen, breaking down organic matter and preparing it for plant uptake. Their role in symbiosis with plants, recycling of nutrients in soil, etc. are discussed in detail.
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Barton, Larry L., Gordon V. Johnson, and Yvonne M. Bishop. "The Metabolism of Iron by Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizospheric Bacteria." In Iron Nutrition in Plants and Rhizospheric Microorganisms, 199–214. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4743-6_9.

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Wewalwela, Jayani J., Mihiri Seneviratne, and Sara A. Shields-Menard. "Role of Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms for Plant and Soil Health." In Microbiological Activity for Soil and Plant Health Management, 161–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2922-8_7.

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Stein, Tina, Joerg Ueckert, and Istvan Fendrik. "Establishment of Two Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria on Roots of Kallar Grass Using Alginate-Coated Seeds in Mixed Inoculation." In Azospirillum VI and Related Microorganisms, 239–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79906-8_25.

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Klingmüller, Walter. "Risk Assessment in Releases of Nitrogen-Fixing Enterobacter into Soil; Survival and Gene Transfer, as Influenced by Agricultural Substrates." In The Release of Genetically Modified Microorganisms—REGEM 2, 155–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0493-7_21.

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Zavalin, A. A., T. M. Kandaurova, and L. V. Vinogradova. "Influence of Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms on the Nutrition and Productivity of Spring Wheat, and on the Characteristics of Photosynthesis of Different Varieties of Spring Wheat." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 643. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_404.

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Serra, J. L., J. M. Arizmendi, F. Blanco, M. Martínez-Bilbao, A. Alaña, O. Fresnedo, I. Urkijo, and M. J. Llama. "Nitrate Assimilation in the Non-N2-Fixing Cyanobacterium Phormidium Laminosum." In Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms, 196–202. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75812-6_30.

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Ahmad, Ees, Almas Zaidi, Mohammad Saghir Khan, and Mohammad Oves. "Heavy Metal Toxicity to Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganism and Host Legumes." In Toxicity of Heavy Metals to Legumes and Bioremediation, 29–44. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0730-0_2.

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Patel, Ravi, and Amisha Patel. "Nitrogen fixation in nonlegume plants and genomics of nitrogen-fixing nonrhizobium symbioses." In The Chemical Dialogue Between Plants and Beneficial Microorganisms, 145–52. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-91734-6.00017-x.

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Kravcheriko, L. V., and N. M. Makarova. "Use of Root Exometabolites by Associative Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms." In Interrelationships between Microorganisms and Plants in Soil, Proceedings of an International Symposium Liblice, 277–81. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-2481(08)70225-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms"

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Sheik, Cody, and Amanda Patsis. "Assessing the roles of nitrogen fixing microorganisms in subsurface environments." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.19628.

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Umarov, B. R. "Association of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in the surface of nodules in wild perennial leguminous plants Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.262.

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The results of molecular genetic analysis root nodule bacteria wild leguminous plants germinating in the Arid zones Central Asia can penetrate into various nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Bacteria of plants Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorossanica origin are found bacteria in the class Alphaproteobacteria and some nitrogen-fixing bacteria which we are write were in the class of Betaproteobacteria.
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Berezhnaya, V. V., A. G. Klykov, M. L. Sidorenko, and A. N. Bykovskaya. "The effectiveness of the use of strains of soil microorganisms in the cultivation of spring wheat in the Primorsky Kray." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.041.

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The results of studies of the effects of nitrogen-fixing, phosphate- and potassium-mobilizing strains of microorganisms on the discovery of the potential of spring wheat during pre-sowing seed inoculation and seedling treatment in different phases of growth and development are presented.
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Toplaghaltsyan, Anna, Zhaneta Karapetyan, Susanna Keleshyan, G. Avetisova, L. Melkonyan, G. Tsarukyan, and V. Ghochikyan. "Growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing bacteria at increased salinity." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.36.

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Nowadays, one of the main problems in the field of agriculture is the process of soil salinization. Salinity has already affected more than 7% of the Earth's land area. One of the options for combating salinity is to minimize the use of harmful chemicals. Instead, environmentally friendly means should be used to restore saline arable soils and increase their fertility [1]. One of the widely used means are biofertilizers based on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. These biofertilizers help plants absorb nutrients in saline conditions, leading to increased plant tolerance to salinity. All this has a positive effect on the process of restoration of saline soils, as well as on the improving the quality and quantity of the crop [2]. The purpose of this work was studying the growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing strains in the presence of NaCl. The objects of research were cultures Y5 and J2, previously isolated by us from saline soils of the Armavir region of Armenia, and osmo-resistant mutants Y5-B and J2-E obtained on their basis. Cultures were grown for 5 days in Burk's broth medium on an Innova 43 shaker (30 °C, 220 rpm) in the presence of 1.7% NaCl. A salt-free medium was used as a control. Sampling was carried out every 12 hours and the optical density was measured at a wavelength of 600 nm. The difference in the dynamics of cultures growth in saline and non-saline conditions is shown in Figure 1. The dynamics of the growth of strain Y5 in a salt-free medium was similar to its mutant Y5-B, but in the presence of NaCl it showed a small growth, in contrast to its mutant capable of growing in a salt medium. In the case of J2, on a salt-free medium the strain showed more passive growth compared to its J2E mutant. This pattern is also present in the nutrient medium containing NaCl. As a result, it can be concluded that osmotic-resistant mutants of strains Y5 and J2 are able to maintain their normal vital activity in a saline environment, in contrast to the original cultures. Figurre 1. Growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing strains
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Green, Katelyn, Mackenzie Best, and Daniel S. Jones. "USING HIGH-THROUGHPUT NIFH SEQUENCING TO CHARACTERIZE NITROGEN-FIXING MICROORGANISMS IN SULFURIC ACID CAVES: IMPLICATIONS FOR NITROGEN CYCLING IN SUBTERRANEAN CHEMOSYNTHETIC ECOSYSTEMS." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-392837.

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Aleschenkova, Z. M., P. V. Rybaltovskaya, and I. N. Ananyeva. "Application of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-mobilizing bacteria to improve the growth-promoting effect of liquid biohumus." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-102.

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The goal of the work was to study the effect of introducing nitrogenfixing and phosphate-mobilizing bacteria into liquid biohumus on its growth-promoting properties. The group of ammonifying microorganisms dominates in the structure of microbocenosis of liquid biohumus, constituting 98.46 %. The introduction of nitrogenfixing bacterial strains B. aryabhattai Cp-1 and phosphate-mobilizing Ps. Fluorescens Pr-2 at 10 % concentration in 1 % liquid biohumus (initial pH 9.5) changes pH to 7.8. Winter wheat seed treatment with liquid biohumus enriched with Ps. Fluorescens Pr-2 increases length and dry weight of seedlings by 40.0 and 80.2%; with B. aryabhattai Ср-1 – by 16.3 and 2.0% compared to the control (1% liquid biohumus). Application of liquid biohumus enriched with pseudomonades and bacilli for the treatment of cress-lettuce seeds provides increase of length and crude weight of seedlings by 25.7 and 20.0; 5.0 and 10.0%, respectively.
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Iungin, Olga, Ievgeniia Prekrasna, Ihor Bortyanuy, Valeriia Maslak, and Saulius Mickevičius. "Plant Growth-Promoting Characteristics of Antarctic Endophytic Bacteria." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.ii.11.

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The work is focused on studying bacteria associated with vascular plants in Antarctic region. Climate changes affecting the Antarctic Peninsula favor the successful colonization of ice-free lands by two Antarctic vascular plants (Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis). Bacteria isolated from D. antarctica collected during the 25th Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition (January-April 2020) along the Western part of the Antarctic Peninsula were studied for plant growth-promoting characteristics (nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, cyclic lipopeptide production, exoprotease production, motility and carbohydrate utilization). The heterotrophy of bacterial isolated from D. antarctica and the presence of a wide range of saccharolytic enzymes for the utilization of mono- and disaccharides in studied cultures were shown. This may indicate the plasticity of metabolism and the high adaptation potential of microorganisms associated with D. antarctica. PGPT of studied bacteria were mostly presented by nitrogen-fixing ability and cyclic lipopeptides synthesis.
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Wellala, Harini Chamathka, Ravichandran Vinushayini, Lasantha Herath, and Colin N. Peiris. "Increasing Efficiency of Liquid Fertilizer via Incorporating Beneficial Microorganisms." In SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/htea3029.

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The growing trend in organic agriculture has boosted the public awareness of organic fertilizer. The present study focused on isolating plant growth promoting microorganisms from the soil samples and incorporating beneficial plant growth promoting microbial (PGPM) strains to a provided liquid organic fertilizer to improve the efficiency of current formula. After isolating plant growth promoting microorganisms, experiments were conducted qualitatively and quantitatively to evaluate the efficacy of those species. Five phosphorous solubilizing bacteria and fungi, one potassium solubilizing bacteria, one potassium solubilizing fungi, six free living nitrogen fixing bacteria from different regions including Hambanthota, Mahiyanganaya, Galaha, Welimada, Rathnapura Sri Lanka were isolated using serial dilution plating on specific growth media and screened for various plant growth-promoting traits. The highest phosphate solubilization (67.8 mg/ml) was exhibited in PH.1 which also exhibited the highest phosphorous solubilization index (PSI) of 2, isolated from the soil sample received from Hambanthota district. Alginate encapsulation as small beads were produced from bacterial inoculum of PH.1 phosphorous solubilizing bacteria with sodium alginate, cellulose, and calcium chloride. A series of different percentages of cellulose (3% - 6%) was used during bead formation to evaluate the effect of cellulose on encapsulation efficiency of beads. Alginate beads were applied to the liquid fertilizer, incubated, and plated periodically to evaluate the efficiency of this formulation. The number of released cells of PH.1 reached 7.36 X 10 6 CFU/ml after 48 hours of incubation in the 0.25 X diluted liquid fertilizer which resulted from the bead formulation of 4% (w/v) Alginate + 3% (w/v) cellulose. The cellulose supported the entrapment of bacterial cells (plant growth-promoting bacterium) PH.1 as biofertilizer in the matrix, which reduced cell loss. The highest entrapment efficiency of 5.441% was obtained at 3% (w/v) cellulose, Overall, the appropriate content of cellulose mixed with alginate is conducive to changes in the morphology of microcapsules and increases the amount of biological encapsulation. This indicates that the beads-based biofertilizer can partially replace chemical fertilizers.
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Mikhailouskaya, N. A., D. V. Voitka, E. K. Yuzefovich, and T. B. Barashenko. "Effect of three-component microbial inoculant on winter rye and spring barley yields." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.17.

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One of the modern techniques of improving microbial preparations efficiency is a combination of several microorganisms with different beneficial properties in one inoculant. Taking into account the role of nitrogen and potassium nutrition and their synergism, it is essential to develop preparations of N2-fixing and K-mobilizing rhizobacteria, especially Azospirillum sp. and Bacillus sp. Effective biological control of root infections is of great importance in order to prevent crop yield losses. Among soil antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma sp. is the most promising one. Microbial inoculant includes three components: Azospirillum brasilеnse 2(b)3 + Bacillus circulans K-81 + Trichoderma longibrachiatum L-7 (1:1:1). Combined application of rhizobacteria A. brasilense + B. сirculans induced significant hormonal effect. Roots dry mass increased by 28%, roots length per plant – by 25%, stem dry mass – by 33%. In the field experiment, the treatment of barley by microbial inoculant provided the reduction of root rot incidence by 52.0–58.0%, disease development (waxy ripeness) – by 2.6–2.9 times, biological efficiency was 66.3–69.5%. Treatment of winter rye resulted in the reduction of disease incidence by 42.4–45.0%, disease development (milky ripeness) – by 2.0–2.6 times, biological efficiency – 50.2–61.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Beneficial influence of inoculation on plant development and nutrition, as well as effective biological control of plant diseases, provided significant crop responses: for winter rye – 3.8-4.5 c ha-1 or 7.0% - 9.8%, for spring barley – 5,2 – 4.9 c ha-1 or 9.3% – 9.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Microbial inoculant exhibits the properties of plant growth promoter, biological fertilizer, and biological fungicide.
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