Journal articles: 'Nitrogen cycling'

1

Kothe, Erika. "Special focus: Nitrogen cycling." Journal of Basic Microbiology 54, no. 3 (March 2014): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201470033.

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Luo, Yiqi, Christopher B. Field, and Robert B. Jackson. "Does Nitrogen Constrain Carbon Cycling, or Does Carbon Input Stimulate Nitrogen Cycling?1." Ecology 87, no. 1 (January 2006): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/05-0923.

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Kou-Giesbrecht, Sian, Vivek K. Arora, Christian Seiler, Almut Arneth, Stefanie Falk, Atul K. Jain, Fortunat Joos, et al. "Evaluating nitrogen cycling in terrestrial biosphere models: a disconnect between the carbon and nitrogen cycles." Earth System Dynamics 14, no. 4 (August 14, 2023): 767–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-767-2023.

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Abstract. Terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration is limited by nitrogen (N), an empirically established constraint that could intensify under CO2 fertilization and future global change. The terrestrial C sink is estimated to currently sequester approximately a third of annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions based on an ensemble of terrestrial biosphere models, which have been evaluated in their ability to reproduce observations of the C, water, and energy cycles. However, their ability to reproduce observations of N cycling and thus the regulation of terrestrial C sequestration by N have been largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate an ensemble of terrestrial biosphere models with coupled C–N cycling and their performance at simulating N cycling, outlining a framework for evaluating N cycling that can be applied across terrestrial biosphere models. We find that models exhibit significant variability across N pools and fluxes, simulating different magnitudes and trends over the historical period, despite their ability to generally reproduce the historical terrestrial C sink. Furthermore, there are no significant correlations between model performance in simulating N cycling and model performance in simulating C cycling, nor are there significant differences in model performance between models with different representations of fundamental N cycling processes. This suggests that the underlying N processes that regulate terrestrial C sequestration operate differently across models and appear to be disconnected from C cycling. Models tend to overestimate tropical biological N fixation, vegetation C : N ratio, and soil C : N ratio but underestimate temperate biological N fixation relative to observations. However, there is significant uncertainty associated with measurements of N cycling processes given their scarcity (especially relative to those of C cycling processes) and their high spatiotemporal variability. Overall, our results suggest that terrestrial biosphere models that represent coupled C–N cycling could be overestimating C storage per unit N, which could lead to biases in projections of the future terrestrial C sink under CO2 fertilization and future global change (let alone those without a representation of N cycling). More extensive observations of N cycling processes and comparisons against experimental manipulations are crucial to evaluate N cycling and its impact on C cycling and guide its development in terrestrial biosphere models.

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Liu, Rui, Yang Liu, Yuan Gao, Fazhu Zhao, and Jun Wang. "The Nitrogen Cycling Key Functional Genes and Related Microbial Bacterial Community α−Diversity Is Determined by Crop Rotation Plans in the Loess Plateau." Agronomy 13, no. 7 (June 29, 2023): 1769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071769.

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Soil nitrogen cycling microbial communities and functional gene α−diversity indicate soil nitrogen cycling ecological functions and potentials. Crop rotation plans affect soil nitrogen fractions and these indicators. We sequenced soil samples from four crop rotation plans (fallow, winter wheat monoculture, pea-winter wheat-winter wheat-millet rotation, and corn-wheat-wheat-millet rotation) in a long-term field experiment. We examined how microbial communities and functional gene α−diversity changed with soil nitrogen fractions and how nitrogen fractions regulated them. Planting crops increased the abundance and richness of nitrogen cycling key functional genes and bacterial communities compared with fallow. The abundance and richness correlated positively with nitrogen fractions, while Shannon index did not. The abundance increased with soil total nitrogen (STN) and potential nitrogen mineralization (PNM), while Shannon index showed that nitrogen cycling key functional genes increased and then decreased with increasing STN and PON. Introducing legumes into the rotation improved the α−diversity of nitrogen cycling key functional genes. These results can guide sustainable agriculture in the Loess Plateau and clarify the relationship between nitrogen fractions and nitrogen cycling key functional genes.

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5

Oomen, G. J. M. "Nitrogen Cycling and Nitrogen Dynamics in Ecological Agriculture." Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 11, no. 1-4 (January 1995): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1995.9754704.

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6

Fuller, Malcolm F., and Peter J. Reeds. "NITROGEN CYCLING IN THE GUT." Annual Review of Nutrition 18, no. 1 (July 1998): 385–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.18.1.385.

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7

Kuypers, Marcel M. M., Hannah K. Marchant, and Boran Kartal. "The microbial nitrogen-cycling network." Nature Reviews Microbiology 16, no. 5 (February 5, 2018): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2018.9.

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8

Voss, Maren, and Susanna Hietanen. "The depths of nitrogen cycling." Nature 493, no. 7434 (January 2013): 616–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/493616a.

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9

Terry, Richard E. "Progress in Nitrogen Cycling Studies." Soil Science 163, no. 2 (February 1998): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199802000-00013.

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10

Mancinelli, Rocco L., and Christopher P. McKay. "The evolution of nitrogen cycling." Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 18, no. 4 (December 1988): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01808213.

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11

Cook, PLM, AT Revill, ECV Butler, and BD Eyre. "Carbon and nitrogen cycling on intertidal mudflats of a temperate Australian estuary. II. Nitrogen cycling." Marine Ecology Progress Series 280 (2004): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps280039.

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12

Archbold, Douglas D., and Charles T. MacKown. "Nitrogen Availability and Fruiting Influence Nitrogen Cycling in Strawberry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 1 (January 1997): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.1.134.

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As the primary nutrient applied to and used by strawberry, N allocation and cycling within the plant may play an important role in determining plant vigor and productivity. Our objectives were to determine 1) how N availability and fruit production affect N and fertilizer N (FN) partitioning among and within the vegetative tissues of `Tribute' strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) and 2) if the root N pool is temporary storage N. Plants were fed 15N-depleted NH4NO3 (0.001 atom percent 15N) for the initial 8 weeks, then were grown for 12 weeks with or without NH4NO3 with a natural 15N abundance (0.366 atom percent 15N), and were maintained vegetative or allowed to fruit. The vegetative tissues were sampled at 6 and 12 weeks. Neither N availability or fruiting had consistent effects on dry mass (DM) across all tissues at 6 or 12 weeks. At 6 weeks, the total N content of all tissues except the roots were higher with continuous N than with no N. Nitrogen availability was the dominant treatment effect on all plants at 12 weeks; continuous N increased leaflet, petiole, and total vegetative DM and total N of all tissues. Insoluble reduced N (IRN) was the major N pool within all tissues at 6 and 12 weeks regardless of treatment. Fruiting inhibited root growth and N accumulation at 6 weeks but had little effect at 12 weeks. The roots were a strong dry matter and N sink from 6 to 12 weeks. The FN pools, from the 15N-depleted FN supplied during the initial 8 weeks, exhibited changes similar to those of total N in plants not receiving N, in contrast to plants receiving continuous N where total leaflet and petiole N content increased while FN content declined. Total FN per plant declined nearly 26% over 12 weeks; the decline was greater in plants receiving N continuously than in those not receiving N, but the magnitude of the decline was not affected by fruiting. Increasing atom percent 15N values, primarily in plants receiving continuous N after the initial 8 weeks of receiving 15N-depleted FN, indicated that N cycling occurred through all tissues and N pools, proportionally more in the soluble reduced N pool but quantitatively more in the IRN pool. The root N pool was not a “temporary” N storage site available for re-allocation to other tissues, although N cycling through it was evident. Rather, leaflet N was primarily remobilized to other tissues.

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13

Aber, John D. "Nitrogen cycling and nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 7, no. 7 (July 1992): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(92)90048-g.

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14

Wang, Sen, Liuyi Ding, Wanyu Liu, Jun Wang, and Yali Qian. "Effect of Plastic Mulching on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling-Related Bacterial Community Structure and Function in a Dryland Spring Maize Field." Agriculture 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2021): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111040.

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Plastic mulching, given its positive effects on temperature and water retention, has been widely used to solve water shortages and nutrient scarcity in rainfed agricultural soils. This practice affects the physical and chemical processes of soil, including carbon and nitrogen cycling. However, research into microbe-mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil with plastic mulching is still limited. In this study, the structures and functions of the soil bacterial community in non-mulched spring maize, plastic-mulched spring maize, and bareland fallow in a dryland field on the Loess Plateau in China were analyzed to explore the responses of microbe-mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling to plastic mulching. Results showed that the richness of soil bacteria was the highest in bareland fallow. Plastic mulching increased the diversity and richness of soil bacteria to a certain extent (p > 0.05), and significantly increased the content of microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) (p < 0.05). Plastic mulching enhanced the total abundances of carbon and nitrogen cycling-related microbes, exhibiting a significant increase in the abundances of Cellvibrio, Bacillus, Methylobacterium and Nitrospira (p < 0.05). Predicted functional analysis revealed 299 metabolic pathways related to carbon and nitrogen cycling, including methane metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, and nitrogen metabolism. The number of gene families assigned to carbon and nitrogen cycling-related metabolic pathways was higher in plastic mulched than that in non-mulched spring maize. This study demonstrated that plastic mulching enhances the capacity of carbon and nitrogen cycling, revealing its potential in mediating greenhouse gas emissions in the dryland spring maize fields on the Loess Plateau.

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15

Mang, Qi, Jun Gao, Quanjie Li, Yi Sun, Gangchun Xu, and Pao Xu. "Metagenomic Insight into the Effect of Probiotics on Nitrogen Cycle in the Coilia nasus Aquaculture Pond Water." Microorganisms 12, no. 3 (March 21, 2024): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030627.

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Recently, probiotics have been widely applied for the in situ remediation of aquatic water. Numerous studies have proved that probiotics can regulate water quality by improving the microbial community. Nitrogen cycling, induced by microorganisms, is a crucial process for maintaining the balance of the aquatic ecosystem. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which probiotics enhance water quality in aquatic systems remain poorly understood. To explore the water quality indicators and their correlation with nitrogen cycling-related functional genes, metagenomic analysis of element cycling was performed to identify nitrogen cycling-related functional genes in Coilia nasus aquatic water between the control group (C) and the groups supplemented with probiotics in feed (PF) or water (PW). The results showed that adding probiotics to the aquatic water could reduce the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrite (NO2−-N), and total nitrogen (TN) in the water. Community structure analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota was increased from 30 d to 120 d (2.61% to 6.35%) in the PW group, while the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria was decreased from 30 d to 120 d (5.66% to 1.77%). We constructed a nitrogen cycling pathway diagram for C. nasus aquaculture ponds. The nitrogen cycle functional analysis showed that adding probiotics to the water could increase the relative abundance of the amoC_B and hao (Nitrification pathways) and the nirS and nosZ (Denitrification pathways). Correlation analysis revealed that NH4+-N was significantly negatively correlated with Limnohabitans, Sediminibacterium, and Algoriphagus, while NO2−-N was significantly negatively correlated with Roseomonas and Rubrivivax. Our study demonstrated that adding probiotics to the water can promote nitrogen element conversion and migration, facilitate nitrogen cycling, benefit ecological environment protection, and remove nitrogen-containing compounds in aquaculture systems by altering the relative abundance of nitrogen cycling-related functional genes and microorganisms.

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16

Ward, B. B., K. A. Kilpatrick, E. H. Renger, and R. W. Eppley. "Biological nitrogen cycling in the nitracline." Limnology and Oceanography 34, no. 3 (May 1989): 493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1989.34.3.0493.

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17

Millard, P. "INTERNAL CYCLING OF NITROGEN IN TREES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 383 (April 1995): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.383.1.

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18

Russelle, Michael P. "Nitrogen Cycling in Pasture and Range." Journal of Production Agriculture 5, no. 1 (January 1992): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1992.0013.

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19

Ortiz, Max, Jason Bosch, Clément Coclet, Jenny Johnson, Pedro Lebre, Adeola Salawu-Rotimi, Surendra Vikram, Thulani Makhalanyane, and Don Cowan. "Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Antarctic Soils." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (September 21, 2020): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091442.

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The Antarctic continent is widely considered to be one of the most hostile biological habitats on Earth. Despite extreme environmental conditions, the ice-free areas of the continent, which constitute some 0.44% of the total continental land area, harbour substantial and diverse communities of macro-organisms and especially microorganisms, particularly in the more “hospitable” maritime regions. In the more extreme non-maritime regions, exemplified by the McMurdo Dry Valleys of South Victoria Land, nutrient cycling and ecosystem servicing processes in soils are largely driven by microbial communities. Nitrogen turnover is a cornerstone of ecosystem servicing. In Antarctic continental soils, specifically those lacking macrophytes, cold-active free-living diazotrophic microorganisms, particularly Cyanobacteria, are keystone taxa. The diazotrophs are complemented by heterotrophic bacterial and archaeal taxa which show the genetic capacity to perform elements of the entire N cycle, including nitrification processes such as the anammox reaction. Here, we review the current literature on nitrogen cycling genes, taxa, processes and rates from studies of Antarctic soils. In particular, we highlight the current gaps in our knowledge of the scale and contribution of these processes in south polar soils as critical data to underpin viable predictions of how such processes may alter under the impacts of future climate change.

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20

Larose, Catherine, Aurélien Dommergue, and Timothy M. Vogel. "Microbial nitrogen cycling in Arctic snowpacks." Environmental Research Letters 8, no. 3 (July 3, 2013): 035004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035004.

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21

Holloway, JoAnn M., and Randy A. Dahlgren. "Geologic nitrogen in terrestrial biogeochemical cycling." Geology 27, no. 6 (1999): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0567:gnitbc>2.3.co;2.

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22

Jensen, E. S. "Cycling of Grain Legume Residue Nitrogen." Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 11, no. 1-4 (January 1995): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1995.9754705.

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23

Bishop, C. L. "Amino-acid cycling drives nitrogen fixation." Genome Biology 4 (2003): spotlight—20030422–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-spotlight-20030422-04.

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24

Veresoglou, Stavros D., Baodong Chen, and Matthias C. Rillig. "Arbuscular mycorrhiza and soil nitrogen cycling." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 46 (March 2012): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.11.018.

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25

Unwin, R. J. "Nitrogen cycling on the livestock farm." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1986 (March 1986): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600015567.

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The environmental or polluting aspects of nitrogen in relation to livestock farms are gaseous losses to the atmosphere, nitrate leaching into water supplies and the eutrophication of surface waters. Gaseous losses of ammonia by volatilisation from organic materials and denitrification losses from soil as nitrogen and nitrous oxide have been at various times implicated in acid rain, photochemical smogs and effects on the ozone layer although the latter is now largely discounted. Nitrate leached from soil may pass rapidly into surface waters where it can affect quality for drinking or encourage algal blooms. Over porous strata nitrate may take many years to percolate downwards so as to pollute groundwater supplies. Restrictions may face livestock farmers in the arable areas of eastern England to restrict nitrate leaching from their land.

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Loken, Luke C., Gaston E. Small, Jacques C. Finlay, Robert W. Sterner, and Emily H. Stanley. "Nitrogen cycling in a freshwater estuary." Biogeochemistry 127, no. 2-3 (January 2, 2016): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0175-3.

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27

Kaiser, P. "Nitrogen cycling in coastal marine environments." Annales de l'Institut Pasteur / Microbiologie 139, no. 4 (July 1988): 498–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0769-2609(88)90114-7.

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28

Givan, Curtis V., K. W. Joy, and Leszek A. Kleczkowski. "A decade of photorespiratory nitrogen cycling." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13, no. 11 (November 1988): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(88)90217-4.

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29

Herbert, R. A. "Nitrogen cycling in coastal marine ecosystems." FEMS Microbiology Reviews 23, no. 5 (October 1999): 563–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1999.tb00414.x.

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30

Harper, Lowry A., Ron R. Sharpe, Tim B. Parkin, Alex De Visscher, Oswald van Cleemput, and F. Michael Byers. "Nitrogen Cycling through Swine Production Systems." Journal of Environment Quality 33, no. 4 (2004): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.1189.

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31

Kothe, Erika. "Special issue: Nitrogen and phosphorus cycling." Journal of Basic Microbiology 56, no. 1 (January 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201670013.

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32

Williams, Shanay T., Sally Vail, and Melissa M. Arcand. "Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities." Plants 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2021): 2364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112364.

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Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in high-N-demanding crops such as canola (Brassica napus). While advancements in above-ground agronomic practices have improved NUE, research on soil and below-ground processes are limited. Plant NUE—and its components, N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and N utilization efficiency (NUtE)—can be further improved by exploring crop variety and soil N cycling. Canola parental genotypes (NAM-0 and NAM-17) and hybrids (H151857 and H151816) were grown on a dark brown chernozem in Saskatchewan, Canada. Soil and plant samples were collected at the 5–6 leaf stage and flowering, and seeds were collected at harvest maturity. Soil N cycling varied with phenotypic stage, with higher potential ammonium oxidation rates at the 5–6 leaf stage and higher urease activity at flowering. Seed N uptake was higher under higher urea-N rates, while the converse was true for NUE metrics. Hybrids had higher yield, seed N uptake, NUtE, and NUE, with higher NUE potentially owing to higher NUtE at flowering, which led to higher yield and seed N allocation. Soil N cycling and soil N concentrations correlated for improved canola NUE, revealing below-ground breeding targets. Future studies should consider multiple root characteristics, including rhizosphere microbial N cycling, root exudates, and root system architecture, to determine the below-ground dynamics of plant NUE.

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33

Pinay, G., H. Décamps, and R. J. Naiman. "The spiralling concept and nitrogen cycling in large river floodplain soils." River Systems 11, no. 3 (December 20, 1999): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/11/1999/281.

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34

Telling, J., M. Stibal, A. M. Anesio, M. Tranter, I. Nias, J. Cook, C. Bellas, et al. "Microbial nitrogen cycling on the Greenland Ice Sheet." Biogeosciences 9, no. 7 (July 5, 2012): 2431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2431-2012.

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Abstract. Nitrogen inputs and microbial nitrogen cycling were investigated along a 79 km transect into the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) during the main ablation season in summer 2010. The depletion of dissolved nitrate and production of ammonium (relative to icemelt) in cryoconite holes on Leverett Glacier, within 7.5 km of the ice sheet margin, suggested microbial uptake and ammonification respectively. Positive in situ acetylene assays indicated nitrogen fixation both in a debris-rich 100 m marginal zone and up to 5.7 km upslope on Leverett Glacier (with rates up to 16.3 μmoles C2H4 m−2 day−1). No positive acetylene assays were detected > 5.7 km into the ablation zone of the ice sheet. Potential nitrogen fixation only occurred when concentrations of dissolved and sediment-bound inorganic nitrogen were undetectable. Estimates of nitrogen fluxes onto the transect suggest that nitrogen fixation is likely of minor importance to the overall nitrogen budget of Leverett Glacier and of negligible importance to the nitrogen budget on the main ice sheet itself. Nitrogen fixation is however potentially important as a source of nitrogen to microbial communities in the debris-rich marginal zone close to the terminus of the glacier, where nitrogen fixation may aid the colonization of subglacial and moraine-derived debris.

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35

Telling, J., M. Stibal, A. M. Anesio, M. Tranter, I. Nias, J. Cook, G. Lis, et al. "Microbial nitrogen cycling on the Greenland Ice Sheet." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 5 (October 25, 2011): 10423–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-10423-2011.

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Abstract. Microbial nitrogen cycling was investigated along a 79 km transect into the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) in early August 2010. The depletion of dissolved nitrate and production of ammonium (relative to icemelt) in cryoconite holes within 7.5 km of the ice sheet margin suggested microbial uptake and ammonification respectively. Nitrogen fixation (<4.2 μmoles C2H4 m−2 day−1 to 16.3 μmoles C2H4 m−2 day−1) was active in some cryoconite holes at sites up to 5.7 km from the ice sheet margin, with nitrogen fixation inversely correlated to concentrations of inorganic nitrogen. There may be the potential for the zone of nitrogen fixation to progressively extend further into the interior of the GrIS as the melt season progresses as reserves of available nitrogen are depleted. Estimated annual inputs of nitrogen from nitrogen fixation along the transect were at least two orders of magnitude lower than inputs from precipitation, with the exception of a 100 m long marginal debris-rich zone where nitrogen fixation could potentially equal or exceed that of precipitation. The average estimated contribution of nitrogen fixation to the nitrogen demand of net microbial growth at sites along the transect ranged from 0% to 17.5%.

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36

Dodds, Walter K., Eugenia Martí, Jennifer L. Tank, Jeffrey Pontius, Stephen K. Hamilton, Nancy B. Grimm, William B. Bowden, et al. "Carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry and nitrogen cycling rates in streams." Oecologia 140, no. 3 (June 4, 2004): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1599-y.

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37

Nelson, Michaeline B., Renaud Berlemont, Adam C. Martiny, and Jennifer B. H. Martiny. "Nitrogen Cycling Potential of a Grassland Litter Microbial Community." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 20 (July 31, 2015): 7012–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02222-15.

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ABSTRACTBecause microorganisms have different abilities to utilize nitrogen (N) through various assimilatory and dissimilatory pathways, microbial composition and diversity likely influence N cycling in an ecosystem. Terrestrial plant litter decomposition is often limited by N availability; however, little is known about the microorganisms involved in litter N cycling. In this study, we used metagenomics to characterize the potential N utilization of microbial communities in grassland plant litter. The frequencies of sequences associated with eight N cycling pathways differed by several orders of magnitude. Within a pathway, the distributions of these sequences among bacterial orders differed greatly. Many orders within theActinobacteriaandProteobacteriaappeared to be N cycling generalists, carrying genes from most (five or six) of the pathways. In contrast, orders from theBacteroideteswere more specialized and carried genes for fewer (two or three) pathways. We also investigated how the abundance and composition of microbial N cycling genes differed over time and in response to two global change manipulations (drought and N addition). For many pathways, the abundance and composition of N cycling taxa differed over time, apparently reflecting precipitation patterns. In contrast to temporal variability, simulated global change had minor effects on N cycling potential. Overall, this study provides a blueprint for the genetic potential of N cycle processes in plant litter and a baseline for comparisons to other ecosystems.

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38

Collos, Y. "Nitrogen budgets and dissolved organic matter cycling." Marine Ecology Progress Series 90 (1992): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps090201.

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39

Shelford, EJ, M. Middelboe, EF Møller, and CA Suttle. "Virus-driven nitrogen cycling enhances phytoplankton growth." Aquatic Microbial Ecology 66, no. 1 (March 14, 2012): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame01553.

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40

Chang, Chao, Zhenfei Wang, Kang-Jun Huang, Hao Yun, and Xingliang Zhang. "Nitrogen cycling during the peak Cambrian explosion." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 336 (November 2022): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2022.09.013.

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41

LOVETT, GARY M., LYNN M. CHRISTENSON, PETER M. GROFFMAN, CLIVE G. JONES, JULIE E. HART, and MYRON J. MITCHELL. "Insect Defoliation and Nitrogen Cycling in Forests." BioScience 52, no. 4 (2002): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0335:idanci]2.0.co;2.

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42

Alexander, V., S. C. Whalen, and K. M. Klingensmith. "Nitrogen cycling in arctic lakes and ponds." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 23, no. 1 (January 1988): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1987.11897926.

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43

Reisinger, Alexander J., Peter M. Groffman, and Emma J. Rosi-Marshall. "Nitrogen-cycling process rates across urban ecosystems." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 92, no. 12 (September 21, 2016): fiw198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw198.

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44

Jarvis, S. C. "Nitrogen cycling and losses from dairy farms." Soil Use and Management 9, no. 3 (September 1993): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1993.tb00937.x.

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45

Urban, N. R., and S. J. Eisenreich. "Nitrogen cycling in a forested Minnesota bog." Canadian Journal of Botany 66, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b88-069.

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The nitrogen cycle of a small, forested, Sphagnum peatland in northern Minnesota was studied for 4 years. Hydrologic inputs and outputs (atmospheric deposition, upland runoff, streamflow) were monitored for4 years, and annual uptake of N by vegetation was measured over a 3-year period. Microbe-mediated processes of nitrogen fixation and mineralization were measured in the laboratory and field, and accumulation rates of N within the peatland were measured in dated peat cores. Aerobic heterotrophs appear to be the dominant agents of N fixation at this site. Rates of N fixation decrease rapidly below the surface. Perhaps limited by moisture and low pH, N fixation (0.5–0.7 kg∙ha−1∙year−1) is a minor input to the bog relative to the input from atmospheric deposition (10.4 kg∙hg−1∙year−1). The bog is a large sink for N with approximately 65% of inputs retained. Annual turnover of N (66 kg∙ha−1) is much larger than the total input (14.6 kg∙ha−1). This large turnover is achieved by rapidly cycling a relatively small pool of N in the aerobic layers of peat. Plant uptake is closely coupled to mineralization such that losses from the system in runoff are small. However, 7 to 12 kg N∙ha−1∙year−1 is buried in anaerobic peat and rendered unavailable to the biota..

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46

Singer, Francis J., and Kathryn A. Schoenecker. "Do ungulates accelerate or decelerate nitrogen cycling?" Forest Ecology and Management 181, no. 1-2 (August 2003): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(03)00133-6.

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Rosales Villa, A. R., T. D. Jickells, D. B. Sivyer, E. R. Parker, and B. Thamdrup. "Benthic nitrogen cycling in the North Sea." Continental Shelf Research 185 (September 2019): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2018.05.005.

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Hoffmann, Friederike, Regina Radax, Dagmar Woebken, Moritz Holtappels, Gaute Lavik, Hans Tore Rapp, Marie-Lise Schläppy, Christa Schleper, and Marcel M. M. Kuypers. "Complex nitrogen cycling in the spongeGeodia barretti." Environmental Microbiology 11, no. 9 (September 2009): 2228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01944.x.

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Bustamante, M. M. C., E. Medina, G. P. Asner, G. B. Nardoto, and D. C. Garcia-Montiel. "Nitrogen cycling in tropical and temperate savannas." Biogeochemistry 79, no. 1-2 (April 21, 2006): 209–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-006-9006-x.

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50

Alexander, V., S. C. Whalen, and K. M. Klingensmith. "Nitrogen cycling in Arctic lakes and ponds." Hydrobiologia 172, no. 1 (March 1989): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00031619.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nitrogen cycling'

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