Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nitrate de calcium

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Academic literature on the topic 'Nitrate de calcium'

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Published: 24 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Oliynyk, Mykola, and Anatoliy Shestozub. "Research of calcium oxide hydration in calcium nitrate solutions." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet. Pratsi, no. 2 (August 20, 2016): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.2.49.2016.16.

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Amran, Ali. "PENENTUAN PENETRASI AIR DAN HIDROKARBON DARI KRISTAL CAIR LAMELAR DALAM SISTEM GARAM NITRAT, SIKLOHEKSANE DAN LAURIL ALKOHOL POLI ETER." Jurnal Riset Kimia 4, no. 1 (February 11, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v4i1.38.

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Abstract Water and hydrocarbon penetrations of the lamellar liquid crystal in nitrate salts (calcium and aluminium nitrates), cyclohexane, and lauryl alcohol polyether (LA4) system have been investigated. Liquid crystal phase which characterized using optical polarizing microscope and small-angle X-ray diffraction, showed a significantly the water and the hydrocarbon penetrations of aluminium nitrate and calcium nitrate solutions. Keywords: Lamellar liquid crystal, Optical polarizing microscope, Water and hydrocarbon penetration, Nitrate salts (calcium and aluminium nitrates), Lauryl alcohol polyether (LA4), Small-angle X-ray diffraction.
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FARQUHARSON, B. J., R. P. VORONEY, E. G. BEAUCHAMP, and T. J. VYN. "THE USE OF CALCIUM NITRATE TO REDUCE PHYTOTOXIN ACCUMULATION DURING CROP RESIDUE DECOMPOSITION." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 4 (November 1, 1990): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-074.

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This study examined the effects of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium nitrate on the production and accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and phenolic compounds (PCs) during soybean residue decomposition. Soil amended with calcium compounds, residue and water was incubated for 7 d at 25 °C. Measurements were made of VFAs, PCs, ammonium-N, nitrate-N and pH in a soil water extract. Accumulations of VFAs were significantly reduced by calcium nitrate amendment whereas both calcium carbonate and calcium oxide increased their accumulation. Accumulation of PCs followed the same trend but were not significantly different. The nitrate in the calcium nitrate amendment is suspected of promoting the oxidation of the products of residue decomposition via denitrification, by providing electron acceptors. In addition there was evidence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, which would have contributed to soil buffering capacity and to detoxify accumulations of nitrite. Key words: Volatile fatty acids, phenolic compounds, phytotoxicity, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction
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Kirsh, Aleah J., Emma S. Juracic, Heather L. Petrick, Cynthia M. F. Monaco, Pierre-Andre Barbeau, A. Russell Tupling, and Graham P. Holloway. "Dietary nitrate does not alter cardiac function, calcium handling proteins, or SERCA activity in the left ventricle of healthy rats." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 9 (September 2020): 1049–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0078.

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Dietary nitrate has been shown to increase cytosolic calcium concentrations within the heart, which would necessitate greater calcium sequestration for relaxation. In the present study we demonstrate that while nitrate supplementation reduced blood pressure, calcium-handling protein content, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase 2a (SERCA) enzymatic properties, and left ventricular function were not altered. In addition, nitrite did not alter in vitro SERCA activity. Combined, these data suggest that in healthy rats, dietary nitrate does not increase left ventricle SERCA-related calcium-handling properties. Novelty Dietary nitrate decreases blood pressure but does not alter left ventricular calcium-handling protein content or SERCA activity in healthy rats.
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Zhao, Angran, Bowen Xiong, Yongqiang Han, and Huiling Tong. "Thermal decomposition paths of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and calcium nitrite." Thermochimica Acta 714 (August 2022): 179264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2022.179264.

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Batal, K. M. "EFFECTS OF NITROGEN SOURCE, RATE, AND APPLICATION FREQUENCY ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 490h—491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.490h.

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Commercial N fertilizer formulations, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrates (15-0-14 and 13-0-44) applied at 84 and 168 kg N/ha in 3 or 5 split applications did not affect total marketable yield of dry onion. Application frequencies causing an increase in total amount of N applied during the spring months (Feb.-Apr.) increased marketable yield by 5 MT/ha. Bulb decay was the highest when ammonium nitrate was applied, whereas the least number of decayed bulbs resulted from sodium nitrate applications. Plants grown with potassium nitrate (13-0-44) were most susceptible to cold injury. Ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate applications produced the highest percentage of onions that bolted. The lowest percentage of plants showing bolting incidence resulted from calcium nitrate applications. Bolting of onions was closely associated with rapid growth and increased onion size. However, cold injury and bulb decay were not influenced by these growth factors.
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Choi, Heesup, Masumi Inoue, Hyeonggil Choi, Jihoon Kim, Yuhji Sudoh, Sukmin Kwon, Bokyeong Lee, and Akira Yoneyama. "Physicochemical Study on the Strength Development Characteristics of Cold Weather Concrete Using a Nitrite–Nitrate Based Accelerator." Materials 12, no. 17 (August 23, 2019): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172706.

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There has recently been an increased use of anti-freezing agents that are primarily composed of salt- and alkali-free calcium nitrite (Ca(NO2)2) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) to promote the hydration reaction of concrete in cold weather concreting. Nitrite–nitrate based accelerators accelerate the hydration of C3A and C3S in cement more quickly when their quantities are increased, thereby boosting the concrete’s early strength and effectively preventing early frost damage. However, the connection between the hydrate formation behavior and the strength development characteristic over time has yet to be clearly identified. Therefore, in this study, a wide range of physicochemical reviews were carried out to clarify the relationship between the hydrate formation behavior and the strength development characteristics, both at an early age and at later ages, which results from the addition of nitrite–nitrate based accelerators to concrete in varying amounts. These accelerators also act as anti-freezing agents. The results show that an increased quantity of nitrite–nitrate based accelerators caused an increase in the early strength of the concrete. This was due to the formation of nitrite and nitrate hydrates in large amounts, in addition to ettringite containing SO42, which is generated during the hydration reaction of normal Portland cement at an early age. On the other hand, at later ages, there was a rise in nitrite and nitrate hydrates with needle crystal structures exhibiting brittle fracture behavior. A decrease in C–S–H gel and Ca(OH)2 hydrates, deemed to have caused a decline in strength on Day 3 and thereafter, was also observed.
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Yoneyama, Akira, Heesup Choi, Masumi Inoue, Jihoon Kim, Myungkwan Lim, and Yuhji Sudoh. "Effect of a Nitrite/Nitrate-Based Accelerator on the Strength Development and Hydrate Formation in Cold-Weather Cementitious Materials." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14041006.

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Recently, there has been increased use of calcium-nitrite and calcium-nitrate as the main components of chloride- and alkali-free anti-freezing agents to promote concrete hydration in cold weather concreting. As the amount of nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators increases, the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A phase) and tricalcium silicate (C3S phase) in cement is accelerated, thereby improving the early strength of cement and effectively preventing initial frost damage. Nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators are used in larger amounts than usual in low temperature areas below −10 °C. However, the correlation between the hydration process and strength development in concrete containing considerable nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators remains to be clearly identified. In this study, the hydrate composition (via X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance), pore structures (via mercury intrusion porosimetry), and crystal form (via scanning electron microscopy) were determined, and investigations were performed to elucidate the effect of nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators on the initial strength development and hydrate formation of cement. Nitrite/nitrate-AFm (aluminate-ferret-monosulfate; AFm) was produced in addition to ettringite at the initial stage of hydration of cement by adding a nitrite/nitrate-based accelerator. The amount of the hydrates was attributed to an increase in the absolute amounts of NO2− and NO3− ions reacting with Al2O3 in the tricalcium aluminate (C3A phase). Further, by effectively filling the pores, it greatly contributed to the enhancement of the strength of the hardened cement product, and the degree of the contribution tended to increase with the amount of addition. On the other hand, in addition to the occurrence of cracks due to the release of a large amount of heat of hydration, the amount of expansion and contraction may increase, and it is considered necessary to adjust the amount used for each concrete work.
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Srinivasa Reddy, V., Thoodi Prashanth, S. P. Raju V, and P. Prashanth. "Effect of Organic and Inorganic Corrosion Inhibitors on Strength Properties of Concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401112.

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In the current study, the M25 grade concrete mixes are admixed with various locally available organic and non-organic corrosion inhibitors such as Calcium Nitrite, Sodium Nitrite, Hexamine and Di-ethanolamine to understand the influence of these organic and non-organic corrosion inhibitors on the strength and corrosion resistance properties of concrete. The percentage dosage of admixed inhibitors vary from 1 to 5% by the weight of cement. For M25 grade concrete the optimum percentages of corrosion inhibitor admixture was found to be 4% for Calcium Nitrite, 3% for Sodium Nitrite, 2% for Hexamine and 3% for Di-ethanolamine. Calcium Nitrite corrosion inhibitor admixture imparts increased compressive, split- tensile and flexural strength than other corrosion inhibitors at 28 days. All the corrosion inhibitors used in the study have enhanced the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete. The initial gain of early strength decreased due to anodic process of inhibitors. Measured electrical resistivity and half-cell potential values of all corrosion inhibitors admixed M25 grade concrete mixes directs that calcium nitrate and Di-ethanolamine have shown high electrical resistance indicating their superior corrosion inhibition ability than sodium nitrite and hexamine. Accelerated corrosion test on reinforced concrete beams admixed with corrosion inhibitors confirmed that possible inception of corrosion in calcium nitrate admixed reinforced concrete beams is very low when compared to other corrosion inhibitors used for the study.
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Baumbauer, Carol L., Payton J. Goodrich, Margaret E. Payne, Tyler Anthony, Claire Beckstoffer, Anju Toor, Whendee Silver, and Ana Claudia Arias. "Printed Potentiometric Nitrate Sensors for Use in Soil." Sensors 22, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 4095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114095.

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Plant-available nitrogen, often in the form of nitrate, is an essential nutrient for plant growth. However, excessive nitrate in the environment and watershed has harmful impacts on natural ecosystems and consequently human health. A distributed network of nitrate sensors could help to quantify and monitor nitrogen in agriculture and the environment. Here, we have developed fully printed potentiometric nitrate sensors and characterized their sensitivity and selectivity to nitrate. Each sensor comprises an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode that are functionalized with polymeric membranes. The sensitivity of the printed ion-selective electrodes was characterized by measuring their potential with respect to a commercial silver/silver chloride reference electrode in varying concentrations of nitrate solutions. The sensitivity of the printed reference electrodes to nitrate was minimized with a membrane containing polyvinyl butyral (PVB), sodium chloride, and sodium nitrate. Selectivity studies with sulphate, chloride, phosphate, nitrite, ammonium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium showed that high concentrations of calcium can influence sensor behavior. The printed ion-selective and reference electrodes were combined to form a fully printed sensor with sensitivity of −48.0 ± 3.3 mV/dec between 0.62 and 6200 ppm nitrate in solution and −47 ± 4.1 mV/dec in peat soil.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Mammoliti, Laura. "Examination of the mechanism of corrosion inhibition by calcium nitrite and calcium nitrate-based admixtures in concrete." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65250.pdf.

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Hill, Russell L. (Russell Lee). "The Study of Hydration of Fly Ash in the Presence of Calcium Nitrate and Calcium Formate." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278140/.

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This research was designed to investigate the hydration reaction of fly ash when exposed to water. The effects that calcium nitrate and calcium formate have on the hydration reactions were also examined.
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Silveira, Raiza Felismino. "Energy partition and nitrogen utilization by growing goats fed encapsulated calcium nitrate /." Jaboticabal, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151442.

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Orientador: Kleber Tomás de Resende
Coorientador: Marcia Helena Machado da Rocha Fernandes
Banca: Rafael Canonenco de Araújo
Banca: Carla Joice Härter
Resumo: O nitrato de cálcio encapsulado (NCE) tem sido estudado nos últimos anos como uma fonte de nitrogênio não proteico (NNP) e representa uma alternativa ao uso do hidrogênio livre no ambiente ruminal, reduzindo assim a emissão de metano e possibilitando uma maior eficiência no uso da energia. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o uso do nitrato de cálcio encapsulado como substituto do farelo de soja na partição de energia, oxidação do substrato e síntese de N microbiano. Para isso, doze caprinos machos castrados em crescimento, com peso inicial de 21,95 kg ± 3,19 kg foram usados em um quadrado latino 3 x 3 quadruplicado com três períodos de 48 dias, agrupados pelo peso corporal e distribuídos aleatoriamente em um dos três tratamentos ECN0(SBM) - controle baseado em farelo de soja; ECN1.25 - 1,25% de NCE na matéria seca; ECN2.5 - 2,5% de NCE na matéria seca. Cada período consistia de 21 dias de adaptação, 5 dias de ensaio de metabolismo e 15 dias de mensuração de gases. Entre os períodos foi feito um washout de 7 dias onde todos os animais recebiam a dieta controle. Os dados foram analizados usando o procedimento MIXED do SAS (versão 9.4; SAS Inst., Cary, NC, USA). O modelo usado foi Yjkm: μ + LSi + Periodj + Ani(LS)ki + Treatm + єijkm. Quando significante, o efeito de níveis de NCE foi decomposto em dois contrastes polinomiais ortogonais (linear e quadrático). A significância declarada foi de P < 0,05. As variáveis de produção de calor (PC) e produção de calor em je... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Encapsulated calcium nitrate (ECN) has been studied in last years as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and represents an alternative to use of free hydrogen in the ruminal environment, thus reducing the emission of methane and a higher efficiency in use of energy. Thus the aim of this study was to assess the impact of the use of encapsulated calcium nitrate as a substitute for soybean meal in the energy partition, substrate oxidation, and microbial N synthesis. For this, twelve castrated male growing goats, with initial average weight of 21.95 kg ± 3.19 kg were used in a quadruplicated 3 x 3 Latin square design with three 48-d periods, grouped by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to three diets: ECN0(SBM) - control based on soybean meal; ECN1.25 - 1.25% of encapsulated calcium nitrate (ECN) on dry matter (DM) basis; ECN2.5 - 2.5% of ECN on DM basis. Each period comprised 21 days for adaptation, five days for metabolism trial (d22 to d26) and 15 days for gas measurements (d27 to d38). Between periods, a washout period was provided for 7 d during which the control diet was fed. The data were analyzed using MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.4; SAS Inst., Cary, NC, USA). The model used for each treatment was the following: Yjkm: μ + LSi + Periodj + Ani(LS)ki + Treatm + єijkm. When significant, the effect of levels of ECN was decomposed into two orthogonal polynomial contrasts (linear and quadratic). Significance was declared at P < 0.05. The heat production (HP) and fas... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Lehle, Fredric, W. C. Hofmann, and Bonnie Guhy. "Effect of Calcium Nitrate and Calcium Chloride on the Primary Root Growth of Cotton Seed Imbibed at Low Temperatures." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204457.

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The effect of various concentrations of calcium nitrate and calcium chloride on the primary root (radicle) growth of cotton seed at a suboptimal temperature was evaluated 14 days after imbibition onset under laboratory conditions. Both forms of calcium at concentrations up to 10 mM enhanced cotton seed radicle growth at 15 C.
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Bugatti, Ederson Pastor. "Recuperação do cálcio contido em resíduos de incubatório por meio de tratamentos ácidos." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/2951.

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Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-29T13:39:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Ederson_Bugatti2016.pdf: 1227431 bytes, checksum: ecc408ae972a5ec71f17bd55f9cbb474 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T13:39:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Ederson_Bugatti2016.pdf: 1227431 bytes, checksum: ecc408ae972a5ec71f17bd55f9cbb474 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-03
The generation of hatchery waste has been following the significant increase in poultry activity in Brazil. Due to this waste being aggressive to handle and of difficult recovery of nutrients, especially calcium, chemical treatments may be the solution. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of calcium recovery contained in hatchery waste through reaction with phosphoric and nitric acids in different concentrations. Besides the yield in calcium solubilization, pH and electric conductivity of the liquid fraction from the reaction were determined, as well as the yield of final product derived from lyophilization, probably dicalcium phosphate and calcium nitrate, both products of agronomic, nutritional, and commercial values. The most interesting results considering the yield of calcium solubilization were obtained using phosphoric acid in higher concentrations, i.e. 100 and 90%, namely 84.8 and 78.8%. For the nitric acid, the highest yields were obtained at concentrations of 100, 90, and 80%, with average scores of 72.2, 71.6, and 68.5% respectively. The yield of salt from the reaction with the acid was 2.5 and 2.4 tons of dicalcium phosphate per ton of waste hatchery (dry weight) and 2.0, 1.8 and 1.7 tons of calcium nitrate by tons of hatchery waste (dry mass). It was concluded that phosphoric acid at 100% was more efficient in the recovery of calcium contained in the hatchery waste, although nitric acid promotes further degradation of other components of hatchery waste, which generates a liquid fraction with higher electrical conductivity.
A geração de resíduos de incubatório acompanha o expressivo aumento da atividade avícola do Brasil. Em função de ser um resíduo agressivo ao manejo e de difícil recuperação dos nutrientes nele contido, principalmente o cálcio, tratamentos químicos podem ser a solução. Objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade da recuperação do cálcio contido nos resíduos de incubatório por meio da reação com os ácidos fosfórico e nítrico em diferentes concentrações. Além do rendimento na solubilização do cálcio, determinou-se o pH e a condutividade elétrica da fração líquida provenientes das reações e o rendimento do produto final derivado da liofilização desta fração, provavelmente o fosfato bicálcico e o nitrato de cálcio, ambos produtos comerciais com valores agronômico e nutricional. Os resultados mais interessantes, considerando o rendimento da solubilização do cálcio, foram obtidos com o uso do ácido fosfórico nas maiores concentrações, ou seja, 100 e 90%, a saber, 84,8 e 78,8%. Para o ácido nítrico, os maiores rendimentos foram obtidos nas concentrações de 100, 90 e 80%, com resultados médios de 72,2, 71,6 e 68,5%, respectivamente. O rendimento do sal proveniente da reação com os ácidos foi de 2,5 e 2,4 toneladas de fosfato bicálcico por tonelada de resíduo de incubatório (massa seca) e 2,0, 1,8 e 1,7 toneladas de nitrato de cálcio por tonelada de resíduo de incubatório (massa seca). Concluiu-se que o ácido fosfórico na concentração de 100% foi mais eficiente na recuperação do cálcio contido nos resíduos de incubatório, embora o ácido nítrico promova uma maior degradação de outros componentes do resíduo de incubatório, o que gera uma fração líquida com maior condutividade elétrica.
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Milan, Vraneš. "Obrazovanje hloridnih i bromidnih kompleksa kobalta(II) u električki nesimetričnim vodenim rastopima soli." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2009. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=83678&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji proučavano je građenje kompleksa kobalta(II) sa hloridnim i  bromidnim jonima u vodenim rastopima tipa xCa(NO3)2·zH2O – (1-x)NH4NO3 pri različitom sastavu soli (x= 0,3 – 0,9), različitom sadržaju vode (z= 2,67 – 6,67) i na različitim temperaturama (45, 55 i 65oC).Istraživanja su imala za cilj proučavanje reakcije građenja kompleksa kobalta(II) sa hloridnim i bromidnim jonima u vodenim rastopima xCa(NO3)2·zH2O – (1–x)NH4NO3,  uticaja temperature, sastava elektrolita i sadržaja vode na proces kompleksiranja, kao i određivanje termodinamičkih parametara koji karakterišu reakcije asocijacije u ovim sistemima. Ovakvi rastopi soli su posebno interesantni zbog svoje niske tačke topljenja i visoke latentne toplote topljenja pa se mogu koristiti kao fazno-promenljivi materijali za skladištenje toplotne energije.
In this thesis absorption spectra of cobalt(II) chloride and bromide in calcium nitrate – ammonium nitrate – water system of the composition  xCa(NO3)2·zH2O – (1–x)NH4NO3 (x= 0.30 - 0.90 and z= 2.67 – 6.67) have been investigated in the wavelength range 400-800 nm at three different temperatures: 45, 55 and 65oC.Temparature, composition of the melt and water content influence on complex formation reactions between cobalt(II) and halide ions in aqueous xCa(NO3)2·zH2O –(1–x)NH4NO3 melts have been studied. Thermodynamic parameters for cobalt(II) – halide association process in different solvents also were determined.Investigated systems are interesting because of their high values of latent heat of fusion and low melting points. Due to these reasons, some melts are proposed for heat energy storage materials, usually known as phase change materials (PCM).
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Moss, James Russell. "Assessment of Vineyard Nitrogen Management upon Grape Chemistry." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78150.

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To combat excessive vine vigor, many vintners have employed intensive cover cropping techniques. While cover crops provide a multitude of benefits to the farming system, they can compete for nutrients and water. The seemingly ubiquitous adoption of cover crops in the Eastern United States has led to vines and grape musts which are deficient in nitrogen (N). A must that is deficient in yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) can lead to the production of off aromas and stuck or sluggish fermentations. It has also been suggested that musts with limited amino nitrogen sources can result in wines with less fruity aromas than those with a higher starting amino acid content. Varying rates of calcium nitrate were applied to the soil at bloom and foliar urea was sprayed at a Sauvignon blanc and Petit Manseng (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyard. Perennial White and Crimson clover as well as foliar urea applications at véraison were utilized at a Vidal blanc (Vitis spp.) site. Foliar urea was effective at significantly increasing YANs in all experiments with some year to year variation in efficacy. Foliar urea applications slightly favored the production of ammonia over primary amino nitrogen. While most of the measured amino acids in fruit increased in concentration with the application of either soil or foliar N, foliar applications were more effective at increasing fruit amino acids. Of the amino acids measured, arginine and glutamine were the most increased by foliar urea applications, whereas proline was relatively unaffected. The use of clover as a perennial under-vine cover crop did not increase berry YAN. The application of foliar urea sprays may present an effective means by which vintners can easily increase must YANs and amino acid contents.
Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Sane, Mukta. "Role of Large Conductance, Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels (BKCa) in Vasorelaxation of Nitrate Tolerant Mesenteric Arteries." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25665.

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Cassiano, Eduardo Cuelar Orlandi. "Nitrato de cálcio como mitigador da emissão de metano em bovinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-27022018-114715/.

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Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de nitrato de cálcio (NC) na alimentação de ruminantes com vistas à mitigação da emissão de metano. Foram utilizadas quatro fêmeas de cada subespécie, Bos taurus taurus (Holandês) e vBos taurus indicus (Nelore), com peso médio inicial de 909,0 kg ± 72,0 e 387,0 kg ± 25,5, respectivamente, alimentadas com diferentes níveis de nitrato de cálcio na dieta (0%, 1%, 2% e 3%), sendo utilizado delineamento quadrado latino 4X4 replicado. O experimento teve duração de 4 períodos de 28 dias cada. Foram avaliados, a ingestão, excreção e digestibilidade de nutrientes, por meio de marcador externo dióxido de titânio, o comportamento ingestivo, com monitoramento visual por 24 horas, parâmetros sanguíneos, dinâmica ruminal, com esvaziamento total do rumen, contagem de protozoários, fermentação ruminal, pela técnica ex-situ, parâmetros urinários e balanço de nitrogênio, com coleta manual de urina tipo spot, e a biodigestão dos dejetos, por biodigestores do tipo batelada. Os taurinos apresentaram valores superiores para CMS, ingestão e digestibilidade de nutrientes e excreção de MS, PB, FDN, FDA, N, MO e EB, e inferiores para CMS em relação ao PV e PM. Os zebuínos apresentaram maiores taxas de ingestão, ruminação e mastigação de MS e FDN em min/kg, tendo valores inferiores para as mesmas taxas em kg/min. A genética e a dose de nitrato influenciaram as variáveis séricas, porém sem valores fora da normalidade. Quanto à dinâmica ruminal, os taurinos apresentaram valores absolutos superiores, e valores em relação ao PV e PM inferiores. Os zebuínos apresentaram maiores pH médio e mínimo e menos tempo de pH abaixo de 6,2, e maior contagem de protozoários. As concentrações de N-NH3, volume e produção de CH4 foram maiores para os zebuínos. Os taurinos apresentaram valores mais elevados para N microbiano (g/dia) e balanço de N retido (g/kg N ingerido), e menores valores para balanço de N nas fezes (g/kgN ingerido) e N microbiano (mg/kgPM.d-1). O aumento no nível de NC na dieta aumentou a digestibilidade de EE e ENN, tempo médio ruminando e taxa de mastigação de MS e FDN (min/kg), e diminuiu o CMS em relação ao PV e PM e excreção de MS, EE, ENN, MO e EB. A taxa de ingestão de MS e FDN (kg/min), a concentração de creatinina na urina (mg/kgPV), o tempo total comendo e balanço de nitrogênio amoniacal o rúmen sofreram efeito quadrático com a adição de NC na dieta. A porcentagem de FDN, PB e EE nos afluentes dos bidigestores sofreram influência da dose de nitrato na alimentação das vacas. Os biodigestores contendo os dejetos de taurinos tiveram os afluentes com maiores valores de FDN e FDA e menor teor de sólidos totais (ST), com menor volume de biogás e CH4 e menor relação de CH4/quantidade de fezes. Os taurinos apresentaram melhor aproveitamento do alimento, produzindo menos CH4, com menor rendimento verdadeiro de produção de metano nos biodigestores. A adição de NC afetou o consumo, digestibilidade e utilização do nitrogênio porém, sem afetar a produção de CH4 nem a eficiencia dos biodigestores.
The aim of the present study was evaluate the use of calcium nitrate in the feeding of ruminants to mitigate of methane. Four females cattle from each subspecies of cattle, Bos taurus taurus (Holstein) and Bos taurus indicus (Nellore), with initial average weight of 909,0 kg ± 72,0 e 387,0 kg ± 25,5, respectively, were used, and they were fed with distinct levels of calcium nitrate in the diet (0%, 1%, 2% e 3%) at four periods of 28 days each. Experimental design was composed by a replicated Latin square 4X4. Were avaluated: ingestion, excretion and digestibility of nutrients, by means of external marker titanium dioxide; the observation of behavior parameters during 24 hours; serum analysis; rumen content collection, aiming assessment of fermentation; protozoa count; ruminal fermentation by the ex-situ technique; manual urine collection for measurement of urinary compounds and nitrogen balance; and the anaerobic digestion of feces using batch digesters. Holsteins presented higher values for the DMI, ingestion and digestibility of the nutrients and excretion of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, N, OM e GE, and lower values for DMI at body weight (BW) and metabolic weight (MW) basis. Nellore cattle showed higher rates of ingestion, rumination and chewing of DM e NDF min/kg, having lower values for the same rates in kg/min. Serum variables were influenced by genetics and nitrate levels, but without values beyond normality. As rumen dynamics, Holsteins presented superior absolute values and inferior values when these parameters were calculated in BW and MW basis. The zebu cattle presented medium and minimum pH larger and less time pH below 6.2, having larger count for protozoa count. Nellore had higher concentrations for NH3, CH4 and production of CH4. Holstein presented higher values for microbial N (g/day) and N retained balance (g/kg N ingested) and lower values for N balance in feces (g/kgN ingested) and microbial N (mg/kgMW.d-1). The increase in the level of CN in the diet increased linearly the digestibility of EE and NNE, average time ruminating, chewing rate for DM and NDF (min/kg), and decreased the DMI in BW and MW basis and the excretion of DM, EE, NNE, OM and GE. The intake rate of DM and NDF kg/min, creatinine in urine (mg/kgBW), the total time eating and NH3 balance showed quadratic effect by increasing the addition of CN in the diet. The levels of nitrate on animal feed influenced the percentage of NDF, CP and EE in the batch digesters afluents. The biodigestors containing the taurine feces presented the highest values of NDF/ ADF affluent and lowest values for total solids (TS), lower volume of biogas and CH4 and lower ratio of CH4/amount of feces. Taurines presented better use of the feed, producing lesser CH4, and lower ultimate methane yield at batch digesters. The CN levels affected the intake, digestibility and nitrogen metabolism, however without affecting the production of CH4 or the batch digester efficiency.
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Kannan, Sarath. "Experimental Investigation of Lithium Nitrate Trihydrate and Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate as Salt Hydrate PCMs for Thermal Energy Storage." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563273912013393.

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Books on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Griepink, B. The certification of the contents of calcium, ammoniacal-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, and total nitrogen in a sample ofcalcium ammonium nitrate fertiliser (BCR no. 178) and uric-nitrogen, biuret and total nitrogen in a sample of urea fertiliser (BCR no. 179). Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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Jonathan, Abrams, Pepine Carl J, and Thadani Udho, eds. Medical therapy of ischemic heart disease: Nitrates, beta blockers, and calcium antagonists. Boston, Mass: Little, Brown and Co., 1992.

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A, Heidenreich Paul, and United States. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality., eds. An evaluation of beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, nitrates, and alternative therapies for stable angina. Rockville, Md. (2101 East Jefferson Street, Suite 501, Rockville, Md. 20852): U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 1999.

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Heidenreich, Paul A. An evaluation of beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, nitrates, and alternative therapies for stable angina. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 1999.

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G, Powers Rodney, ed. Corrosion inhibitors in concrete: Interim report. Collingdale, PA: Diane Publishing Co., 2003.

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ZHONG GUO REN MIN GONG HE GUO GUO JIA FA ZHAN HE GAI GE WEI YUAN HUI. Calcium ammonium nitrate. Unknown, 1991.

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Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Fertilizers, Double Salts, and Mixtures of Calcium Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrate: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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The World Market for Fertilizers, Double Salts, and Mixtures of Calcium Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrate: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Australian Soil Fertility Manual. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100725.

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The Australian Soil Fertility Manual is a trusted guide to the safe use and handling of fertilizers. It describes the types of agricultural soils, how they are classified and the interaction of soil, water and nutrients. It also provides an insight into how plants utilise nutrients and the role that individual nutrients play in the process of plant growth. This edition has been revised to reflect an increased emphasis on the environmental fate of nutrients and appropriate management strategies. It also has additional information on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and discussions on the use of lime, dolomite and gypsum. New content covers liming effectiveness, nitrogen water use efficiency, regulations for handling and using fertilizers, storage and transport of security sensitive ammonium nitrate, budgeting for profitable nitrogen use and best management practice for nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The chapters on potassium; calcium, magnesium and sulfur; plant nutrients and the environment; and heavy metal in fertilizers and agriculture have all been extensively revised and rewritten. This important work will be an essential text for fertilizer dealers, extension workers, consultants, teachers, farmers, horticulturists, graziers and others concerned with the profitable and environmentally safe use of plant nutrients.
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Reeder, Julie A. The effects on the performance of broilers consuming calcium, potassium, and sodium nitrates and nitrites from the drinking water. 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Egginton, Gwen M., and Ka Smith. "Relationships between soil mineral nitrogen content and denitrification, following application of slurry and calcium nitrate to grassland." In Nitrogen Fluxes in Intensive Grassland Systems, 75–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4394-0_7.

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Markiv, Taras, and Zinoviy Blikharskyy. "Effect of Calcium Nitrate-Based Admixture on the Strength of Concrete and Corrosion Susceptibility of Reinforcing Steel Bars." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 253–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14141-6_25.

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Weligama, Chandrakumara, Caixian Tang, Peter W. G. Sale, Mark K. Conyers, and Liu De Li. "Extra Supply of Calcium Is Not Required for Maximal Root Growth in the Nitrate and Phosphorus-rich Patch in an Acid Soil." In Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth’s Critical Zone, 167–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05297-2_51.

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Klaus, W. "Current pharmacology of nitrates and calcium antagonists." In Nitroglycerin 5, edited by Bodo E. Strauer, 11–22. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110898262-003.

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Stone, Peter H. "β-Adrenergic Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, and Nitrates." In Contemporary Cardiology, 337–56. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-731-4_13.

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Hirano, Shin-ichi, and Kō-ichi Kikuta. "Solubility and Hydrothermal Growth of Calcite Single Crystal in Nitrate Solutions." In Hydrothermal Reactions for Materials Science and Engineering, 203–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0743-0_35.

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Pepine, C. J., R. L. Feldman, C. R. Lambert, and J. A. Hill. "Differential Effects of Nitrates and Calcium Antagonists on the Coronary Vasculature in Conscious Patients." In Mononitrate II, 167–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72689-7_21.

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Schulz, W., and G. Kober. "Response of coronary arteries to nitrates, the EDRF-donor SIN-1, and calcium antagonists." In Endothelial Mechanisms of Vasomotor Control, 233–41. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72461-9_23.

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Hugenholtz, P. G., H. Suryapranata, P. W. Serruys, and P. J. de Feyter. "Management of unstable angina in the era of PTCA, nitrates, calcium antagonists and beta-blockers." In Nitroglycerin 6, edited by H. Roskamm, 85–102. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110846317-014.

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Bosch, X. "Non-Antithrombotic Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Role of Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, and Nitrates." In Coronary Circulation and Myocardial Ischemia, 141–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57212-8_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Evans, Kenneth J., S. Daniel Day, Gabriel O. Ilevbare, Michael T. Whalen, Kenneth J. King, Gary A. Hust, Lana L. Wong, John C. Estill, and Rau´l B. Rebak. "Anodic Behavior of Alloy 22 in Calcium Chloride and in Calcium Chloride Plus Calcium Nitrate Brines." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2140.

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Alloy 22 (UNS N60622) is a nickel-based alloy, which is extensively used in aggressive industrial applications, especially due to its resistance to localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in high chloride environments. The purpose of this work was to characterize the anodic behavior of Alloy 22 in concentrated calcium chloride (CaCl2) brines and to evaluate the inhibitive effect of nitrate, especially to localized corrosion. Standard electrochemical tests such as polarization resistance and cyclic polarization were used. Results show that the corrosion potential of Alloy 22 was approximately −360 mV in the silver-silver chloride (SSC) scale and independent of the tested temperature. Cyclic polarization tests showed that Alloy 22 was mainly susceptible to localized attack in 5 M CaCl2 at 75°C and higher temperatures. The addition of nitrate in a molar ratio of chloride to nitrate equal to 10 increased the onset of localized corrosion to approximately 105°C. The addition of nitrate to the solution also decreased the uniform corrosion rate and the passive current of the alloy.
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"Calcium Nitrate Counteracting PCE Superplasticizer Retardation." In SP-288: Tenth International Conference on Superplasticizers and other Chemical Admixtures. American Concrete Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51684222.

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Justnes, H. "Counteracting retardation of plasticizers by calcium nitrate." In 2nd International RILEM Symposium on Advances in Concrete through Science and Engineering. RILEM Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2351580028.066.

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"Calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate transport parameters in tropical soil with Stanmod." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141912496.

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""Setting Accelerator Calcium Nitrate Fundamentals, Performance and Applications"." In SP-171: Third CANMET/ACI International Symposium on Advances in Concrete Technology. American Concrete Institute, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/6104.

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""Calcium Nitrate-Based, Non-Corrosive, Non-Chloride Accelerator"." In "SP-102: Corrosion, Concrete, & Chlorides". American Concrete Institute, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1619.

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Bradshaw, Robert W., Joseph G. Cordaro, and Nathan P. Siegel. "Molten Nitrate Salt Development for Thermal Energy Storage in Parabolic Trough Solar Power Systems." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90140.

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Multi-component molten salts have been formulated recently that may enhance thermal energy storage for parabolic trough solar power plants. This paper presents further developments regarding molten salt mixtures consisting of common alkali nitrates and either alkaline earth nitrates or alkali nitrite salts that have advantageous properties for applications as heat transfer fluids in parabolic trough systems. We report results for formulations of inorganic molten salt mixtures that display freeze-onset temperatures below 100°C. In addition to phasechange behavior, several properties of these molten salts that significantly affect their suitability as thermal energy storage fluids were evaluated, including chemical stability and viscosity. The nitrate-based molten salts have demonstrated chemical stability in the presence of air up to 500°C. The capability to operate at temperatures up to 500°C may allow an increase in maximum temperature operating capability vs. organic fluids in existing trough systems and will enable increased power cycle efficiency. Experimental measurements of viscosity were performed from near the freeze-onset temperature to about 200°C. Viscosities can exceed 100 cP near the freezing temperature but are 4 to 5 cP in the anticipated operating temperature range. Experimental measurements of density, thermal conductivity and heat capacity are in progress and will be reported at the meeting. Corrosion tests were conducted for several thousand hours at 500°C with stainless steels and at 350°C for carbon and chromium-molybdenum steels. Examination of the specimens demonstrated good compatibility of these materials with the molten nitrate salt mixtures. Laboratory studies were conducted to identify mixtures of nitrate and nitrite (NO2−) salts as additional candidates for a low-melting heat transfer fluid. Mixtures in which the cations were potassium, sodium and lithium, in various proportions, demonstrated freezing points as low as 70°C for a particular nitrate/nitrite anion composition. Development has emphasized mixtures that minimize lithium content in order to reduce the cost as the lithium salt is the most expensive constituent. Work is in progress to explore the phase diagram of the 1:1 mol ratio of nitrate/nitrite and to evaluate physical properties such as viscosity, density and thermal conductivity. Results to date indicate that the viscosity of these mixtures is considerably less than nitrate-only melts, which necessarily contain calcium cations to suppress freezing to similarly low temperatures.
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Popov, S. D., V. E. Popov, D. I. Subbotin, A. V. Surov, E. O. Serba, A. V. Nikonov, Gh V. Nakonechny, and V. A. Spodobin. "The production of calcium nitrate by the air high-voltage ac plasma torch." In 8th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56761/efre2022.c1-p-030502.

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The article discusses the production of calcium nitrate by the plasma method. A method is proposed that can be used in small-tonnage production of nitrogen mineral fertilizers. It is an alternative to the traditional Haber method, which has a number of significant drawbacks. The nitrogen oxides used were obtained using a high-voltage AC plasma torch, which has improved performance characteristics. Specific energy consumption is 8.88 kWh/kg of calcium nitrate, which is somewhat higher than in traditional methods for producing nitrogen fertilizers.
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"Comparison of the Corrosion Potential of Calcium Chloride and a Calcium Nitrate Based on Non-Chloride Accelerator." In "SP-102: Corrosion, Concrete, & Chlorides". American Concrete Institute, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1637.

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"Counteracting Retardation of Cement Setting By Other Admixtures with Calcium Nitrate." In "SP-200: Fifth CANMET/ACI Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology-Proceeding, Fifth International Conference". American Concrete Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/10570.

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Reports on the topic "Nitrate de calcium"

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Phillips, Jason Joe. Sandia National Laboratories Small-Scale Sensitivity Testing (SSST) Report: Calcium Nitrate Mixtures with Various Fuels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171439.

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Locy, Robert D., Hillel Fromm, Joe H. Cherry, and Narendra K. Singh. Regulation of Arabidopsis Glutamate Decarboxylase in Response to Heat Stress: Modulation of Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575288.bard.

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Most plants accumulate the nonprotein amino acid, g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), in response to heat stress. GABA is made from glutamate in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), an enzyme that has been shown by the Israeli PI to be a calmodulin (CaM) binding protein whose activity is regulated in vitro by calcium and CaM. In Arabidopsis there are at least 5 GAD genes, two isoforms of GAD, GAD1 and GAD2, are known to be expressed, both of which appear to be calmodulin-binding proteins. The role of GABA accumulation in stress tolerance remains unclear, and thus the objectives of the proposed work are intended to clarify the possible roles of GABA in stress tolerance by studying the factors which regulate the activity of GAD in vivo. Our intent was to demonstrate the factors that mediate the expression of GAD activity by analyzing the promoters of the GAD1 and GAD2 genes, to determine the role of stress induced calcium signaling in the regulation of GAD activity, to investigate the role of phosphorylation of the CaM-binding domain in the regulation of GAD activity, and to investigate whether ABA signaling could be involved in GAD regulation via the following set of original Project Objectives: 1. Construction of chimeric GAD1 and GAD2 promoter/reporter gene fusions and their utilization for determining cell-specific expression of GAD genes in Arabidopsis. 2. Utilizing transgenic plants harboring chimeric GAD1 promoter-luciferase constructs for isolating mutants in genes controlling GAD1 gene activation in response to heat shock. 3. Assess the role of Ca2+/CaM in the regulation of GAD activity in vivo in Arabidopsis. 4. Study the possible phosphorylation of GAD as a means of regulation of GAD activity. 5. Utilize ABA mutants of Arabidopsis to assess the involvement of this phytohormone in GAD activation by stress stimuli. The major conclusions of Objective 1 was that GAD1 was strongly expressed in the elongating region of the root, while GAD2 was mainly expressed along the phloem in both roots and shoots. In addition, GAD activity was found not to be transcriptionally regulated in response to heat stress. Subsequently, The Israeli side obtained a GAD1 knockout mutation, and in light of the objective 1 results it was determined that characterization of this knockout mutation would contribute more to the project than the proposed Objective 2. The major conclusion of Objective 3 is that heat-stress-induced changes in GAD activity can be explained by heat-stress-induced changes in cytosolic calcium levels. No evidence that GAD activity was transcriptionally or translationally regulated or that protein phosphorylation was involved in GAD regulation (objective 4) was obtained. Previously published data by others showing that in wheat roots ABA regulated GABA accumulation proved not to be the case in Arabidopsis (Objective 5). Consequently, we put the remaining effort in the project into the selection of mutants related to temperature adaptation and GABA utilization and attempting to characterize events resulting from GABA accumulation. A set of 3 heat sensitive mutants that appear to have GABA related mutations have been isolated and partially characterized, and a study linking GABA accumulation to growth stimulation and altered nitrate assimilation were conducted. By providing a better understanding of how GAD activity was and was not regulated in vivo, we have ruled out the use of certain genes for genetically engineering thermotolerance, and suggested other areas of endeavor related to the thrust of the project that may be more likely approaches to genetically engineering thermotolerance.
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Kirby, Stefan M., J. Lucy Jordan, Janae Wallace, Nathan Payne, and Christian Hardwick. Hydrogeology and Water Budget for Goshen Valley, Utah County, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ss-171.

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Goshen Valley contains extensive areas of agriculture, significant wetlands, and several small municipalities, all of which rely on both groundwater and surface water. The objective of this study is to characterize the hydrogeology and groundwater conditions in Goshen Valley and calculate a water budget for the groundwater system. Based on the geologic and hydrologic data presented in this paper, we delineate three conceptual groundwater zones. Zones are delineated based on areas of shared hydrogeologic, geochemical, and potentiometric characteristics within the larger Goshen Valley. Groundwater in Goshen Valley resides primarily in the upper basin fill aquifer unit (UBFAU) and lower carbonate aquifer unit (LCAU) hydrostratigraphic units. Most wells in Goshen Valley are completed in the UBFAU, which covers much of the valley floor. The UBFAU is the upper part of the basin fill, which is generally less than 1500 feet thick in Goshen Valley. Important spring discharge at Goshen Warm Springs issues from the LCAU. Relatively impermeable volcanic rocks (VU) occur along much of the upland parts of the southern part of Goshen Valley. Large sections of the southwest part of the Goshen Valley basin boundary have limited potential for interbasin flow. Interbasin groundwater flow is likely at several locations including the Mosida Hills and northern parts of Long Ridge and Goshen Gap in areas underlain by LCAU. Depth to groundwater in Goshen Valley ranges from at or just below the land surface to greater than 400 feet. Groundwater is within 30 feet of the land surface near and north of Goshen, in areas of irrigated pastures and wetlands that extend east toward Long Ridge and Goshen Warm Springs, and to the north towards Genola. Groundwater movement is from upland parts of the study area toward the valley floor and Utah Lake. Long-term water-level change is evident across much of Goshen Valley, with the most significant decline present in conceptual zone 2 and the southern part of conceptual zone 1. The area of maximum groundwater-level decline—over 50 feet—is centered a few miles south of Elberta in conceptual zone 2. Groundwater in Goshen Valley spans a range of chemistries that include locally high total dissolved solids and elevated nitrate and arsenic concentrations and varies from calcium-bicarbonate to sodium-chloride-type waters. Overlap in chemistry exists in surface water samples from Currant Creek, the Highline Canal, and groundwater. Stable isotopes indicate that groundwater recharges from various locations that may include local recharge, from the East Tintic Mountains, or far-traveled groundwater recharged either in Cedar Valley or east of the study area along the Wasatch Range. Dissolved gas recharge temperatures support localized recharge outside of Goshen. Most groundwater samples in Goshen Valley are old, with limited evidence of recent groundwater recharge. An annual water budget based on components of recharge and discharge yields total recharge of 32,805 acre-ft/yr and total discharge of 35,750 acre-ft/yr. Most recharge is likely from interbasin flow and lesser amounts from precipitation and infiltration of surface water. Most discharge is from well water withdrawal with minor spring discharge and groundwater evapotranspiration. Water-budget components show discharge is greater than recharge by less than 3000 acreft/yr. This deficit or change in storage is manifested as longterm water-level decline in conceptual zone 2, and to a lesser degree, in conceptual zone 1. The primary driver of discharge in conceptual zone 2 is well withdrawal. Conceptual zone 3 is broadly in balance across the various sources of recharge and discharge, and up to 1830 acre-ft/yr of water may discharge from conceptual zone 3 into Utah Lake. Minimal groundwater likely flows to Utah Lake from zones 1 or 2.
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