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Journal articles on the topic 'NIRF'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 June 2024

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1

Adamczack, Julia, Martin Hoffmann, Ulrich Papke, Kristin Haufschildt, Tristan Nicke, Martin Bröring, Murat Sezer, et al. "NirN Protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Novel Electron-bifurcating Dehydrogenase Catalyzing the Last Step of Heme d1 Biosynthesis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 289, no. 44 (September 9, 2014): 30753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m114.603886.

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Heme d1 plays an important role in denitrification as the essential cofactor of the cytochrome cd1 nitrite reductase NirS. At present, the biosynthesis of heme d1 is only partially understood. The last step of heme d1 biosynthesis requires a so far unknown enzyme that catalyzes the introduction of a double bond into one of the propionate side chains of the tetrapyrrole yielding the corresponding acrylate side chain. In this study, we show that a Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain lacking the NirN protein does not produce heme d1. Instead, the NirS purified from this strain contains the heme d1 precursor dihydro-heme d1 lacking the acrylic double bond, as indicated by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and resonance Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the dihydro-heme d1 was extracted from purified NirS and characterized by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and finally identified by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Moreover, we show that purified NirN from P. aeruginosa binds the dihydro-heme d1 and catalyzes the introduction of the acrylic double bond in vitro. Strikingly, NirN uses an electron bifurcation mechanism for the two-electron oxidation reaction, during which one electron ends up on its heme c cofactor and the second electron reduces the substrate/product from the ferric to the ferrous state. On the basis of our results, we propose novel roles for the proteins NirN and NirF during the biosynthesis of heme d1.
2

Wang, Chusi, Wenguang Peng, Jiarui Yang, Yuxuan Li, Jiawei Yang, Xueqiao Hu, Long Xia, et al. "Application of near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography using indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 12 (December 2020): 030006052097922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520979224.

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Objective Near-infrared fluorescence cholangiography (NIRF-C) can help to identify the bile duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This retrospective study was performed to investigate the effect of NIRF-C in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent NIRF-C-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 34) or conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 36) were enrolled in this study. Identification of biliary structures, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was completed in all patients without conversion to laparotomy. The median operation time and intraoperative blood loss were not significantly different between the two groups. No intraoperative injuries or postoperative complications occurred in either group. In the NIRF-C group, the visualization rate of the cystic duct, common bile duct, and common hepatic duct prior to dissection was 91%, 79%, and 53%, respectively. The success rate of cholangiography was 100% in the NIRF-C group. NIRF-C was more effective for visualizing biliary structures in patients with a BMI of <25 than >25 kg/m2. Conclusions NIRF-C is a safe and effective technique that enables real-time identification of the biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. NIRF-C helps to improve the efficiency of dissection.
3

Yang, Jing, Jian Yang, and Chongzhao Ran. "Spectral Unmixing Imaging for Differentiating Brown Adipose Tissue Mass and Its Activation." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6134186.

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Recent large-scale clinical analysis indicates that brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass levels inversely correlate with body-mass index (BMI), suggesting that BAT is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. PET imaging with 18F-FDG is the most commonly used method for visualizing BAT. However, this method is not able to differentiate between BAT mass and BAT activation. This task, in fact, presents a tremendous challenge with no currently existing methods to separate BAT mass and BAT activation. Our previous results indicated that BAT could be successfully imaged in mice with near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) curcumin analogues. However, the results from conventional NIRF imaging could not reflect what portion of the NIRF signal from BAT activation contributed to the signal observed. To solve this problem, we used spectral unmixing to separate/unmix NIRF signal from oil droplets in BAT, which represents its mass and NIRF signal from blood, which represents BAT activation. In this report, results from our proof-of-concept investigation demonstrated that spectral unmixing could be used to separate NIRF signal from BAT mass and BAT activation.
4

Chen, Jeffrey W., Sanne Lof, Maurice J. W. Zwart, Olivier R. Busch, Freek Daams, Sebastiaan Festen, Zhi Ven Fong, et al. "Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging During Robotic Pancreatoduodenectomy to Detect Suture-Induced Hypoperfusion of the Pancreatic Stump as a Predictor of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula (FLUOPAN): Prospective Proof-of-concept Study." Annals of Surgery Open 4, no. 4 (November 29, 2023): e354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/as9.0000000000000354.

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Background: A potential downside of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) is the lack of tactile feedback when tying sutures, which could be especially perilous during pancreatic anastomosis. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (NIRF-ICG) could detect transpancreatic-suture-induced hypoperfusion of the pancreatic stump during RPD, which may be related to postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) grade B/C, but studies are lacking. Methods: This prospective study included 37 patients undergoing RPD to assess the relation between pancreatic stump hypoperfusion as objectified with NIRF-ICG using Firefly and the rate of POPF grade B/C. In 27 patients, NIRF-ICG was performed after tying down the transpancreatic U-sutures. In 10 ‘negative control’ patients, NIRF-ICG was performed before tying these sutures. Results: Pancreatic stump hypoperfusion was detected using NIRF-ICG in 9/27 patients (33%) during RPD. Hypoperfusion was associated with POPF grade B/C (67% [6/9 patients] versus 17% [3/18 patients], P = 0.026). No hypoperfusion was objectified in 10 ‘negative controls’. Conclusions: Transpancreatic-suture-induced pancreatic stump hypoperfusion can be detected using NIRF-ICG during RPD and was associated with POPF grade B/C. Surgeons could use NIRF-ICG to adapt their suturing approach during robotic pancreatico-jejunostomy. Further larger prospective studies are needed to validate the association between transpancreatic-suture-induced hypoperfusion and POPF.
5

Michi, Marlies, Max Madu, Henri A. H. Winters, Daniel M. de Bruin, Joost R. van der Vorst, and Caroline Driessen. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence with Indocyanine Green to Assess Bone Perfusion: A Systematic Review." Life 12, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020154.

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Background: Adequate perfusion of a bone flap is essential for successful reconstruction of osseous defects. Unfortunately, complications related to inadequate bone perfusion are common. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging enables intraoperative visualization of perfusion. NIRF has been investigated in reconstructive surgery to aid the surgeon in clinical perioperative assessment of soft tissue perfusion. However, little is known on the beneficial use of NIRF to assess bone perfusion. Therefore, the aim of this review was to search for studies evaluating NIRF to assess bone perfusion. Methods: A systematic review, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, was performed. Studies up to October 2021 were included. We extracted data regarding the study population, size and design, reported objective fluorescence parameters and the methodology used for fluorescence imaging and processing. Results: Ten articles were included. Studies reported unevenly on the protocol used for NIRF imaging. Five studies reported objective parameters. Absolute and relative perfusion parameters and parameters derived from maximum fluorescence were reported. The clinical significance of these parameters has not been evaluated in humans. Conclusion: The evidence on bone perfusion as measured with NIRF is limited. More clinical studies are required.
6

Yoshimoto, Masafumi, Aoi Tokuda, Ayami Eguchi, Yoshihiro Nozawa, Tsutomu Mori, and Yuji Yaginuma. "Alterations of UHRF Family Expression and UHRF1/ICBP90 Inhibits Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Expression in Endometrial Cancer." Oncology 101, no. 7 (2023): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000531209.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The altered protein expression of inverted CCAAT box-binding protein of 90 kDa/ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domains 1 (ICBP90/UHRF1) and Np95-like ring finger protein (NIRF)/UHRF2, which belong to the ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domains (UHRF) family, is linked to tumor malignancy and the progression of various cancers. To determine the role of NIRF and ICBP90 in endometrial tumorigenesis, we evaluated ICBP90 and NIRF expression levels in endometrial cancers. Also molecular alterations of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression are the important event for endometrial carcinogenesis; therefore, we investigated the involvement between ICBP90 and PTEN expression. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used Western blot for NIRF, ICBP90, and PTEN expression, mutation analysis of <i>NIRF</i> gene, and immunohistochemical staining for the expression of NIRF and ICBP90. For immunohistochemical staining, we examined atypical endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancers, and noncancerous samples. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our data showed that the reduced expression of NIRF and overexpression of ICBP90 occurred in atypical endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer compared to the normal endometrium. The decrease in NIRF expression was significantly correlated with histological grade. Expression of ICBP90 was high, especially in the peripheral margin of a cancer nest. Western blot analysis of endometrial cancer cell lines referred an opposite correlation between ICBP90 and PTEN expression. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our findings suggested that continually overexpressed ICBP90 may contribute to the inhibition of PTEN expression, which is a frequent and important event in endometrial carcinogenesis. We propose that the reduced NIRF expression and ICBP90 overexpression is an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis; thus ICBP90 may be useful as a therapeutic target in this disease.
7

Xu, Huaibao, Yi Wang, Zhichao Pei, Wei Ji, and Yuxin Pei. "NIRF turn-on nanoparticles based on the tumor microenvironment for monitoring intracellular protein delivery." Chemical Communications 55, no. 99 (2019): 14930–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc07768e.

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8

Al-Taher, Mahdi, Jacqueline van den Bos, Ivon Terink, Sander van Kuijk, Nehalennia van Hanegem, Nicole Bouvy, Marlies Bongers, Laurents Stassen, and Arianne Lim. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging for the Intraoperative Detection of Endometriosis: A Pilot Study." Life 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12010015.

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Introduction: Endometriosis surgery is associated with a high risk of reoperation due to an insufficient recognition of endometriotic lesions. Our aim was to explore the role of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging for the visualization and identification of endometriotic lesions next to conventional white light (WL) laparoscopy. Materials and methods: Fifteen women scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy in whom peritoneal endometriosis was suspected were included. Peritoneal exploration was performed in WL, followed by NIRF imaging after ICG administration. Biopsies of all the suspected lesions were taken for histological examination. Subjective evaluations of the equipment and NIRF imaging were also performed. Results: Only 61% (44) of the biopsied lesions contained endometriosis. The positive predictive value (PPV) for the lesions found in WL was 64%. The PPV for the lesions found under NIRF was 69% and the PPV for the lesions found in both modes was 61%. The mean satisfaction of surgeons regarding the surgical procedure and equipment using both imaging modalities was 6.5 (p > 0.05) on a 10 item Likert scale and the mean satisfaction with the quality of the NIRF imaging was 7.4 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the additional value of NIRF imaging, although feasible, was found to be limited for the intraoperative detection of endometriotic lesions.
9

Zhang, Caiqin, Yong Zhao, Ningning Zhao, Dengxu Tan, He Zhang, Xue Chen, Hai Zhang, Jiaze An, Changhong Shi, and Mengbin Li. "NIRF Optical/PET Dual-Modal Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Heptamethine Carbocyanine Dye." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4979746.

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Combining near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and nuclear imaging techniques provides a novel approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Here, we report the synthesis and characteristics of a dual-modality NIRF optical/positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probe using heptamethine carbocyanine dye and verify its feasibility in both nude mice and rabbits with orthotopic xenograft liver cancer. This dye, MHI-148, is an effective cancer-specific NIRF imaging agent and shows preferential uptake and retention in liver cancer. The corresponding NIRF imaging intensity reaches 109/cm2tumor area at 24 h after injection in mice with HCC subcutaneous tumors. The dye can be further conjugated with radionuclide68Ga (68Ga-MHI-148) for PET tracing. We applied the dual-modality methodology toward the detection of HCC in both patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDX) models and rabbit orthotopic transplantation models. NIRF/PET images showed clear tumor delineation after probe injection (MHI-148 and68Ga-MHI-148). The tumor-to-muscle (T/M) standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios were obtained from PET at 1 h after injection of68Ga-MHI-148, which was helpful for effectively capturing small tumors in mice (0.5 cm × 0.3 cm) and rabbits (1.2 cm × 1.8 cm). This cancer-targeting NIRF/PET dual-modality imaging probe provides a proof of principle for noninvasive detection of deep-tissue tumors in mouse and rabbit and is a promising technique for more accurate and early detection of HCC.
10

Teranishi, Katsunori. "Evaluation of the Utilization of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Contrast Agent ASP5354 for In Vivo Ureteral Identification in Renal Diseases Using Rat Models of Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury." Diagnostics 13, no. 10 (May 22, 2023): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101823.

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ASP5354 was recently developed as a near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) contrast agent for intraoperative ureteral identification, and its use has been evaluated in healthy animals. However, the utilization of ASP5354 for ureteral identification has not been evaluated in animals with renal injury. In this study, we assessed the application of ASP5354 for ureteral imaging using rat models of gentamicin-induced mild, moderate, and severe acute kidney injury (AKI), using a clinically available NIRF detection system. NIRF was detected in the abdominal cavity and ureters after laparotomy, and the efficiency of ASP5354 was evaluated based on the NIRF signal intensity over 60 min. After the intravenous injection of ASP5354 into rats with mild or moderate AKI, the ureters were clearly imaged at a high ratio of NIRF intensity in the ureter to that in the tissues around the ureter. Six days after intravenous injection, the use of ASP5354 in rats with moderate AKI did not affect the biochemical kidney functions or histopathological conditions of the kidney tissues, as compared to those with no injection of ASP5354. In rats with severe AKI, ureteral imaging was not effective due to the relatively strong NIRF expression in the tissues around the ureters. These data indicate that ASP5354 holds potential as a contrast agent for intraoperative ureteral identification in patients with limited renal injury.
11

Lobbes, Leonard A., Susanne Berns, René Warschkow, Leonard R. Schmidt, Christian Schineis, Rahel M. Strobel, Johannes C. Lauscher, Katharina Beyer, and Benjamin Weixler. "Perfusion Visualization during Ileal J-Pouch Formation—A Proposal for the Standardization of Intraoperative Imaging with Indocyanine Green Near-Infrared Fluorescence and a Postoperative Follow-Up in IBD Surgery." Life 12, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12050668.

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Background: An anastomotic leak (AL) after a restorative proctocolectomy and an ileal J-pouch increases morbidity and the risk of pouch failure. Thus, a perfusion assessment during J-pouch formation is crucial. While indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) has shown potential to reduce ALs, its suitability in a restorative proctocolectomy remains unclear. We aimed to develop a standardized approach for investigating ICG-NIRF and ALs in pouch surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing a restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal J-pouch for ulcerative colitis at an IBD-referral-center were included in a prospective study in which an AL within 30 postoperative days was the primary outcome. Intraoperatively, standardized perfusion visualization with ICG-NIRF was performed and video recorded for postoperative analysis at three time points. Quantitative clinical and technical variables (secondary outcome) were correlated with the primary outcome by descriptive analysis and logistic regression. A novel definition and grading of AL of the J-pouch was applied. A postoperative pouchoscopy was routinely performed to screen for AL. Results: Intraoperative ICG-NIRF-visualization and its postoperative visual analysis in 25 patients did not indicate an AL. The anastomotic site after pouch formation appeared completely fluorescent with a strong fluorescence signal (category 2) in all cases of ALs (4 of 25). Anastomotic site was not changed. ICG-NIRF visualization was reproducible and standardized. Logistic regression identified a two-stage approach vs. a three-stage approach (Odds ratio (OR) = 20.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37–580.18, p = 0.029) as a risk factor for ALs. Conclusion: We present a standardized, comparable approach of ICG-NIRF visualization in pouch surgery. Our data indicate that the visual interpretation of ICG-NIRF alone may not detect ALs of the pouch in all cases—quantifiable, objective methods of interpretation may be required in the future.
12

Khade, Omkar, Yash Kadam, Ashish Ruke, and Suyash Yeolekar. "College NIRF Rank Predictor using ML." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50023.

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Abstract: The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is an annual ranking system initiated by the Indian government to rank higher education institutions based on several parameters such as teaching, research, and outreach activities. In this project, we propose to develop a machine learning model that can predict the NIRF rank of an institution. Here we have used 2020 NIRF ranking dataset from Kaggle. Then based on the score of previous years, we predict the rank by giving the performance indicators to the model. The paper focuses on the use of Random Forest Regressor based Machine learning technique to predict NIRF rank. Factors considered are Teaching, Learning and Resources (TLR) score, Research and Professional Practice (RPC) score, Graduation Outcome (GO) score, Outreach and Inclusivity (OI) score and Perception Score for particular college. The model is evaluated using standard strategic indicator: Root Mean Square Error. The low value of this indicator show that the model is efficient in predicting NIRF rank. We got score of 93% and RMSE of 15.47. We have completed ML model save and load operations using Joblib. We have created a flask server for model deployment and deployed on Render as web service. We conducted comprehensive evaluations on frequently used machine learning models and conclude that our proposed solution outperforms due to the comprehensive feature engineering that we built. The system achieves overall high accuracy for College NIRF rank prediction.
13

Lin, Yuhui, Ralph Weissleder, and Ching-Hsuan Tung. "Synthesis and Properties of Sulfhydryl-Reactive Near-Infrared Cyanine Fluorochromes for Fluorescence Imaging." Molecular Imaging 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 153535002003031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/15353500200303121.

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Near-infrared fluorochromes (NIRF) are useful compounds for diverse biotechnology applications and for in vivo biomedical imaging. Such NIRF must have high quantum yield, be biocompatible, and be conjugatable to a wide variety of proteins, peptides, and other affinity ligands. Here, we describe the synthesis of four new nonsymmetrical sulfhydryl-reactive cyanine NIRF with excellent optical and chemical properties. Each fluorochrome was designed to contain an iodoacetamido group that reacts specifically with sulfhydryl-containing molecules. The synthesized fluorochromes were used to label model peptides and sulfhydryl-containing biomolecules.
14

Vaas, Markus, Gaby Enzmann, Therese Perinat, Ulrich Siler, Janine Reichenbach, Kai Licha, Anja Kipar, Markus Rudin, Britta Engelhardt, and Jan Klohs. "Non-invasive near-infrared fluorescence imaging of the neutrophil response in a mouse model of transient cerebral ischaemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 37, no. 8 (January 1, 2016): 2833–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x16676825.

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Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging enables non-invasive monitoring of molecular and cellular processes in live animals. Here we demonstrate the suitability of NIRF imaging to investigate the neutrophil response in the brain after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). We established procedures for ex vivo fluorescent labelling of neutrophils without affecting their activation status. Adoptive transfer of labelled neutrophils in C57BL/6 mice before surgery resulted in higher fluorescence intensities over the ischaemic hemisphere in tMCAO mice with NIRF imaging when compared with controls, corroborated by ex vivo detection of labelled neutrophils using fluorescence microscopy. NIRF imaging showed that neutrophils started to accumulate immediately after tMCAO, peaking at 18 h, and were still visible until 48 h after reperfusion. Our data revealed accumulation of neutrophils also in extracranial tissue, indicating damage in the external carotid artery territory in the tMCAO model. Antibody-mediated inhibition of α4-integrins did reduce fluorescence signals at 18 and 24, but not at 48 h after reperfusion, compared with control treatment animals. Antibody treatment reduced cerebral lesion volumes by 19%. In conclusion, the non-invasive nature of NIRF imaging allows studying the dynamics of neutrophil recruitment and its modulation by targeted interventions in the mouse brain after transient experimental cerebral ischaemia.
15

Kim, Jiyoun, Yoon Jang, Su Hyeon Choi, Yong Wook Jung, Mi-La Kim, Bo Seong Yun, Seok Ju Seong, and Hye Sun Jun. "Intraoperative Fluorescent Ureter Visualization in Complex Laparoscopic or Robotic-Assisted Gynecologic Surgery." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 9 (August 31, 2023): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091345.

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This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of ureteral navigation using intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging during complex laparoscopic or robot-assisted gynecologic surgery (LRAGS). Twenty-six patients at high risk of ureteral injury with complex pelvic pathology (CPP) due to pelvic organ prolapse (POP), multiple myomas, large intraligamentary or cervical myoma, severe pelvic adhesions, or cervical atresia underwent LRAGS. All patients underwent cystoscopic intraureteral ICG instillation before LRAGS and ureteral navigation under NIRF imaging intraoperatively. Both ureteral pathways were identified from the pelvic brim downwards through NIRF imaging in all patients, even though some were not visualized under the white light mode. The fluorescent ureters were visualized immediately after the beginning of surgery and typically lasted for >5 h during surgery. There were no cases of iatrogenic ureteral injury. The hemoglobin decrement was 1.47 ± 1.13 g/dL, and no transfusion was required. In our study, both ureters in all patients were identified with ICG-NIRF imaging during LRAGS, and these techniques made surgeries easier and safer. Despite the CPP, there was no ureteral injury or transfusion following surgery. Further prospective studies are needed to introduce intraoperative ureteral guidelines for ICG-NIRF imaging during LRAGS with CPP.
16

Yang, Hyunwoo, Jihong Kim, Woong Nam, Hyung Jun Kim, In-ho Cha, and Dongwook Kim. "Handheld Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Device Using Modified Action Cameras for Peri-Operative Guidance of Microvascular Flap Surgery." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030410.

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Indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) imaging has recently come into use as a novel method in peri-operative microvascular flap assessment. However, a majority of the many commercial devices launched for clinical use lack mobility, portability, and cost-efficiency and are thus unsuitable for intra-oral applications. This study introduces a cost-effective, customized, handheld NIRF device following principles of ICG-NIRF imaging. Moreover, the novel characteristics of our prototype, considered in conjunction with a literature review highlighting the significance of fluorescence devices in microvascular surgery, point to a new generation of devices for use in microvascular flap surgery.
17

Wu, Xiaotian, Amy Daniel Ulumben, Steven Long, Wataru Katagiri, Moses Q. Wilks, Hushan Yuan, Brian Cortese, et al. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Carotid Plaques in an Atherosclerotic Murine Model." Biomolecules 11, no. 12 (November 24, 2021): 1753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11121753.

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Successful imaging of atherosclerosis, one of the leading global causes of death, is crucial for diagnosis and intervention. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging has been widely adopted along with multimodal/hybrid imaging systems for plaque detection. We evaluate two macrophage-targeting fluorescent tracers for NIRF imaging (TLR4-ZW800-1C and Feraheme-Alexa Fluor 750) in an atherosclerotic murine cohort, where the left carotid artery (LCA) is ligated to cause stenosis, and the right carotid artery (RCA) is used as a control. Imaging performed on dissected tissues revealed that both tracers had high uptake in the diseased vessel compared to the control, which was readily visible even at short exposure times. In addition, ZW800-1C’s renal clearance ability and Feraheme’s FDA approval puts these two tracers in line with other NIRF tracers such as ICG. Continued investigation with these tracers using intravascular NIRF imaging and larger animal models is warranted for clinical translation.
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Houghton, Jacob L., Brian M. Zeglis, Dalya Abdel-Atti, Robert Aggeler, Ritsuko Sawada, Brian J. Agnew, Wolfgang W. Scholz, and Jason S. Lewis. "Site-specifically labeled CA19.9-targeted immunoconjugates for the PET, NIRF, and multimodal PET/NIRF imaging of pancreatic cancer." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 52 (December 14, 2015): 15850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506542112.

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Molecular imaging agents for preoperative positron emission tomography (PET) and near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF)-guided delineation of surgical margins could greatly enhance the diagnosis, staging, and resection of pancreatic cancer. PET and NIRF optical imaging offer complementary clinical applications, enabling the noninvasive whole-body imaging to localize disease and identification of tumor margins during surgery, respectively. We report the development of PET, NIRF, and dual-modal (PET/NIRF) imaging agents, using 5B1, a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets CA19.9, a well-established pancreatic cancer biomarker. Desferrioxamine (DFO) and/or a NIRF dye (FL) were conjugated to the heavy-chain glycans of 5B1, using a robust and reproducible site-specific (ss) labeling methodology to generate three constructs (ssDFO-5B1, ssFL-5B1, and ssdual-5B1) in which the immunoreactivity was not affected by the conjugation of either label. Each construct was evaluated in a s.c. xenograft model, using CA19.9-positive (BxPC3) and -negative (MIAPaCa-2) human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Each construct showed exceptional uptake and contrast in antigen-positive tumors with negligible nonspecific uptake in antigen-negative tumors. Additionally, the dual-modal construct was evaluated in an orthotopic murine pancreatic cancer model, using the human pancreatic cancer cell line, Suit-2. The ssdual-5B1 demonstrated a remarkable capacity to delineate metastases and to map the sentinel lymph nodes via tandem PET-computed tomography (PET/CT) and NIRF imaging. Fluorescence microscopy, histopathology, and autoradiography were performed on representative sections of excised tumors to visualize the distribution of the constructs within the tumors. These imaging tools have tremendous potential for further preclinical research and for clinical translation.
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Shrivastav, Manisha, Elias Gounaris, Mohammad W. Khan, Jeffrey Ko, Stacy H. Ryu, Matthew Bogyo, Andrew Larson, Terrence A. Barret, and David J. Bentrem. "Validation of near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probes in vivo with dual laser NIRF endoscope." PLOS ONE 13, no. 11 (November 2, 2018): e0206568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206568.

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20

Cheong, Ju Yong, David Goltsman, and Sanjay Warrier. "Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging to Assess Breast Flap Perfusion and Prevention of Ischemia: Case Report." International Surgery 103, no. 9-10 (September 1, 2019): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-16-00230.1.

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Introduction: Breast skin flap ischemia and necrosis is a serious consequence of breast reconstruction with reported incidence of 10% to 15%. Current clinical method of assessing breast skin flap perfusion includes combination of skin color, temperature, dermal edge bleeding, and capillary refill. Given the high incidence of ischemia and the presence of certain cohort of patient with greater risk, there is a need for an objective method of assessing the skin flap perfusion. Near infrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green is a new technique of assessing skin flap perfusion. We present a first reported case where breast skin flap ischemia was objectively identified intraoperatively by NIRF imaging, and this ischemia was reversed through active intra- and postoperative measures, which was objectively again identified by NIRF imaging. Case presentation: A 36-year-old female patient underwent bilateral nipple sparing mastectomies with immediate reconstruction using tissue expanders. Clinical assessment of the breast skin flap was equivocal. NIRF imaging using SPY imaging system (Novadaq Technologies Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada) showed poor perfusion in the periareolar region. As a result, it was decided to completely deflate the expander, actively warm the skin flap and encourage cutaneous perfusion through use of topical glycerin trinitrate patch. A repeat NIRF imaging 48 hours showed 10-fold increase in perfusion in the skin flap. Conclusion: NIRF imaging is a useful tool in assessing breast skin perfusion and to predict potential ischemia, which can aid in surgeon's management of patient.
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Lin, Chien-Chou, Li-Hsuan Chiu, Walter H. Chang, Cheng-An J. Lin, Ruei-Ming Chen, Yuan-Soon Ho, Chun S. Zuo, Austin Changou, Yue-Fa Cheng, and Wen-Fu T. Lai. "A Non-Invasive Method for Monitoring Osteogenesis and Osseointegration Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Imaging: A Model of Maxilla Implantation in Rats." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5 (March 6, 2023): 5032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24055032.

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Currently, computed tomography and conventional X-ray radiography usually generate a micro-artifact around metal implants. This metal artifact frequently causes false positive or negative diagnoses of bone maturation or pathological peri-implantitis around implants. In an attempt to repair the artifacts, a highly specific nanoprobe, an osteogenic biomarker, and nano-Au-Pamidronate were designed to monitor the osteogenesis. In total, 12 Sprague Dawley rats were included in the study and could be chategorized in 3 groups: 4 rats in the X-ray and CT group, 4 rats in the NIRF group, and 4 rats in the sham group. A titanium alloy screw was implanted in the anterior hard palate. The X-ray, CT, and NIRF images were taken 28 days after implantation. The X-ray showed that the tissue surrounded the implant tightly; however, a gap of metal artifacts was noted around the interface between dental implants and palatal bone. Compared to the CT image, a fluorescence image was noted around the implant site in the NIRF group. Furthermore, the histological implant-bone tissue also exhibited a significant NIRF signal. In conclusion, this novel NIRF molecular imaging system precisely identifies the image loss caused by metal artifacts and can be applied to monitoring bone maturation around orthopedic implants. In addition, by observing the new bone formation, a new principle and timetable for an implant osseointegrated with bone can be established and a new type of implant fixture or surface treatment can be evaluated using this system.
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Singh, Priyanka, J. P. Singh Joorel, Hiteshkumar Solanki, Abhishek Kumar, and Kruti Trivedi. "Ranking of Indian Research Intensive Higher Education Institutions using Multiple Ranking Methodologies a Correlation Analysis." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 41, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.41.1.16683.

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This article ranks the same set of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in India using four different ranking methodologies, namely, i) NIRF (Overall): used for Overall category of India Rankings; ii) NIRF (Only Research and Professional Practices parameters); iii) Research Ranking Methodology; a new methodology evolved for ranking of research-intensive institutions under NIRF; and vi) IFQ2A index developed by Spanish group of scientists. The four sets of ranked institutions were obtained using methodologies mentioned above and correlation analysis was carried out on these four sets using Pearson Bivariate Correlation. It was found that a very strong and positive correlation exists between ranking of HEIs using new methodology (R2M) evolved for ranking of research-intensive institutions and ranking by HEIs using IFQ2A Index.
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Natsuyama, Takao, Yozo Mitsui, Masato Uetani, Shigeyuki Ohta, and Shin-ichi Hisasue. "Indocyanine Green Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Laparoscopic Heminephrectomy for Left Ureteral Cancer in Patient with Horseshoe Kidney." Case Reports in Urology 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4859301.

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Laparoscopic surgery for patients with a horseshoe kidney is challenging because of the location, aberrant vasculature, and difficulty with division of the isthmus with adequate hemostasis. We herein report performance of a laparoscopic heminephrectomy for left ureteral cancer in a patient with a horseshoe kidney under guidance from near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging using indocyanine green (ICG). A 62-year-old male was referred to our hospital for treatment of left ureteral cancer associated with a horseshoe kidney. We performed a laparoscopic left nephroureterectomy and bladder resection in June 2017. During the operation, the NIRF imaging system was used to evaluate the border of the kidney parenchyma isthmus after ligation of the left kidney vasculature supply. Interestingly, the dominant region of the right kidney showed strong ICG fluorescence as compared to the left kidney region. With the assistance of ICG-based NIRF imaging, isthmus division was performed with monopolar scissors and adequate hemostasis was obtained by electrocautery coagulation. This is the first report of use of an ICG-based NIRF imaging system and this novel approach can help to demarcate the left moiety isthmus from right one with more certainty.
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Teranishi, Katsunori. "In Vivo Optical Imaging of Bladder Cancer Tissues in an MB49 Bladder Cancer Orthotopic Mouse Model Using the Intravesical or Intravenous Administration of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 2349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032349.

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Bladder cancer was the twelfth most common cancer worldwide in 2020. Although bladder cancer has been diagnosed using macroscopic techniques, such as white-light cystoscopy and fluorescence blue-light cystoscopy, there is a need to explore more effective noninvasive optical imaging techniques for accurate bladder cancer diagnosis. This study demonstrates the high effectiveness of the near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probe ASP5354, which has been developed for ureteral identification during in vivo diagnosis of bladder cancer in an MB49 bladder cancer orthotopic mouse model. After the intravesical injection of 2.4 μM ASP5354 followed by bladder rinsing with saline at 5 min post injection or intravenous administration of ASP5354 at 240 nmol/kg mouse body weight, followed by a waiting period of 5–24 h in mice, ASP5354 was absorbed specifically by cancerous tissue and not by normal tissues in the bladder. NIRF of ASP5354 in cancer tissues was detected using the NIRF imaging camera system. The NIRF clearly showed a boundary between cancerous and normal tissues. Therefore, ASP5354 provides noninvasive and specific optical in vivo imaging of MB49 bladder cancer using intravesical or intravenous injection of ASP5354. ASP5354 may allow for new diagnostic applications for bladder cancer in humans.
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Mondal, Debdas, Anil Singh, and Debal C. Kar. "Ranking of Universities: A Study for Last Four Years of Top 25 Indian Universities." Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services 11, no. 2 (November 5, 2021): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ijiss-2021.11.2.2959.

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National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a system adopted by the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India (formerly referred to as Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD)), so as to rank all institutions. However, all things considered the NIRF results from a separate perspective this complete exercise has laid the very foundations of data-driven education and e-governance. The NIRF Ranking System is predicated on five parameters i) TLR, ii) RP, iii) GO, iv) OI and v) PR a stress on adopting an ERP framework to make sure a gentle real-time flow of the multifaceted datasets from institutions could have helped the cause during a much remarkable manner. This study is meant to analyzing the contributions made by the highest 25 Universities as ranked by NIRF within the aspects of various sub-parameters score under Research and Professional Practices key parameter. This article analyses data on three years (2019, 2020 & 2021 of India Rankings to assess its impact on performance of Teaching, Learning and Resources (TLR), Research and Professional Practice (RP), Outreach and Inclusivity (OI), Graduation Outcomes (GO), Peer Perception (PR) parameters and their sub-parameters of top 25 universities are discussed. The analysis of knowledge on four years of India Rankings, i.e. 2018 to 2021 on various performance sub-parameters of top 25 universities provides a stimulating rank and score reveal that participating institutions are improving every year and getting improved scores. The HEIs are also making tremendous efforts to enhance their performance on various parameters or sub-parameters identified by the NIRF for the ranking of universities.
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Oliveira, Fernando A., Mariana P. Nucci, Javier B. Mamani, Arielly H. Alves, Gabriel N. A. Rego, Andrea T. Kondo, Nelson Hamerschlak, Mara S. Junqueira, Lucas E. B. de Souza, and Lionel F. Gamarra. "Multimodal Tracking of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Young and Old Mice Labeled with Magnetic–Fluorescent Nanoparticles and Their Grafting by Bioluminescence in a Bone Marrow Transplant Model." Biomedicines 9, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070752.

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This study proposes an innovative way to evaluate the homing and tracking of hematopoietic stem cells from young and old mice labeled with SPIONNIRF-Rh conjugated with two types of fluorophores (NIRF and Rhodamine), and their grafting by bioluminescence (BLI) in a bone marrow transplant (BMT) model. In an in vitro study, we isolated bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) from young and old mice, and analyzed the physical–chemical characteristics of SPIONNIRF-Rh, their internalization, cell viability, and the iron quantification by NIRF, ICP-MS, and MRI. The in vivo study was performed in a BMT model to evaluate the homing, tracking, and grafting of young and old BM-MNC labeled with SPIONNIRF-Rh by NIRF and BLI, as well as the hematological reconstitution for 120 days. 5FU influenced the number of cells isolated mainly in young cells. SPIONNIRF-Rh had adequate characteristics for efficient internalization into BM-MNC. The iron load quantification by NIRF, ICP-MS, and MRI was in the order of 104 SPIONNIRF-Rh/BM-MNC. In the in vivo study, the acute NIRF evaluation showed higher signal intensity in the spinal cord and abdominal region, and the BLI evaluation allowed follow-up (11–120 days), achieving a peak of intensity at 30 days, which remained stable around 108 photons/s until the end. The hematologic evaluation showed similar behavior until 30 days and the histological results confirm that iron is present in almost all tissue evaluated. Our results on BM-MNC homing and tracking in the BMT model did not show a difference in migration or grafting of cells from young or old mice, with the hemogram analysis trending to differentiation towards the myeloid lineage in mice that received cells from old animals. The cell homing by NIRF and long term cell follow-up by BLI highlighted the relevance of the multimodal nanoparticles and combined techniques for evaluation.
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Gao, Ai, Dan Zhang, and Xue-Bo Yin. "Near infrared fluorescence-magnetic resonance dual-modal imaging with Cy5-labeled, Gd–Al co-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles." Analytical Methods 8, no. 1 (2016): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02230d.

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We report a reliable and facile procedure to prepare near infrared fluorescence (NIRF)-magnetic resonance dual-modal imaging probes (DMIPs) using Cy5-labeled, Gd–Al co-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles. High intensity NIRF and a relaxation rate (17.7 mM−1s−1) can be observed. Furthermore, the DMIPs in saline were injected into mice through the tail vein for imaging.
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Shrivastav, Manisha, Elias Gounaris, Mohammad W. Khan, Jeffrey Ko, Stacy H. Ryu, Matthew Bogyo, Andrew Larson, Terrence A. Barrett, and David J. Bentrem. "Correction: Validation of near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) probes in vivo with dual laser NIRF endoscope." PLOS ONE 14, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): e0210677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210677.

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Josephson, Lee, Umar Mahmood, Patrick Wunderbaldinger, Yi Tang, and Ralph Weissleder. "Pan and Sentinel Lymph Node Visualization Using a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe." Molecular Imaging 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 153535002003021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/15353500200302154.

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A number of different types of agents have been employed to aid in the visualization of lymph nodes, particularly the sentinel lymph node, and to decrease the tissue destruction associated with the diagnosis of nodal metastases. The current study was performed to see if a novel macromolecular near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe could be used to visualize lymph nodes after intravenous administration (pan-node visualization) or subcutaneous administration (sentinel node visualization), and serve as method for guiding dissection with interventional radiologic and surgical procedures. Cy5.5-PGC, the near-infrared dye Cy5.5 coupled to a protected graft copolymer (PGC), was injected (iv or sc) into nude mice. Twenty-four hours later white light and NIRF images were obtained on (i) the live animal, (ii) a partially dissected animal, and (iii) tissue specimens. With Cy5.5-PGC administered intravenously, axillary nodes were visualized from outside a living mouse. With partial dissection, iliac and aortic nodes were visible as concentrated foci of high-intensity NIRF signals. With subcutaneous injection in the front extremity, axillary and brachial nodes draining the injection site were easily visualized. NIRF imaging provides a nonradioactive method of visualizing lymph nodes through layers of tissue that can be employed with intravenous or subcutaneous injection.
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Giulioni, Carlo, Prashant Motiram Mulawkar, Daniele Castellani, Virgilio De Stefano, Carlotta Nedbal, Nariman Gadzhiev, Giacomo Maria Pirola, et al. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging with Indocyanine Green for Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Cancers 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2023): 5560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235560.

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Background: We aimed to analyze the influence of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) using indocyanine green (ICG) with standard robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in patients with a kidney tumor (KT). Methods: We performed a literature search on 12 September 2023 through PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. The analysis included observational studies that examined the perioperative and long-term outcomes of patients with a KT who underwent RAPN with NIRF. Results: Overall, eight prospective studies, involving 535 patients, were eligible for this meta-analysis, with 212 participants in the ICG group and 323 in the No ICG group. For warm ischemia time, the ICG group showed a lower duration (weighted Mean difference (WMD) = −2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −3.30–−0.80, p = 0.011). The postoperative eGFR also favored the ICG group (WMD = 7.67, 95% CI = 2.88–12.46, p = 0.002). No difference emerged for the other perioperative outcomes between the two groups. In terms of oncological radicality, the positive surgical margins and tumor recurrence rates were similar among the two groups. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed that NIRF with ICG during RAPN yields a favorable impact on functional outcomes, whereas it exerts no such influence on oncological aspects. Therefore, NIRF should be adopted when preserving nephron function is a paramount concern.
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Umezawa, Masakazu, Keiji Miyata, Kyohei Okubo, and Kohei Soga. "Three Dimensional Lifetime-Multiplex Tomography Based on Time-Gated Capturing of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Images." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2022): 7721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157721.

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We report a computed tomography (CT) technique for mapping near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) lifetime as a multiplex three-dimensional (3D) imaging method, using a conventional NIR camera. This method is achieved by using a time-gated system composed of a pulsed laser and an NIR camera synchronized with a rotatable sample stage for NIRF-CT imaging. The fluorescence lifetimes in microsecond-order of lanthanides were mapped on reconstructed cross-sectional and 3D images, via back-projection of two-dimensional projected images acquired from multiple angles at each time point showing fluorescence decay. A method to select slopes (the observed decay rates in time-gated imaging) used for the lifetime calculation, termed as the slope comparison method, was developed for the accurate calculation of each pixel, resulting in reduction of image acquisition time. Time-gated NIRF-CT provides a novel choice for multiplex 3D observation of deep tissues in biology.
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Gatzoulis, Konstantinos A., Dimitrios Tsiachris, Petros Arsenos, Christos-Konstantinos Antoniou, Polychronis Dilaveris, Skevos Sideris, Emmanuel Kanoupakis, et al. "Arrhythmic risk stratification in post-myocardial infarction patients with preserved ejection fraction: the PRESERVE EF study." European Heart Journal 40, no. 35 (May 3, 2019): 2940–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz260.

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Abstract Aims Sudden cardiac death (SCD) annual incidence is 0.6–1% in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≥40%. No recommendations for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) use exist in this population. Methods and results We introduced a combined non-invasive/invasive risk stratification approach in post-MI ischaemia-free patients, with LVEF ≥ 40%, in a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study. Patients with at least one positive electrocardiographic non-invasive risk factor (NIRF): premature ventricular complexes, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, late potentials, prolonged QTc, increased T-wave alternans, reduced heart rate variability, abnormal deceleration capacity with abnormal turbulence, were referred for programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS), with ICDs offered to those inducible. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a major arrhythmic event (MAE), namely sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, appropriate ICD activation or SCD. We screened and included 575 consecutive patients (mean age 57 years, LVEF 50.8%). Of them, 204 (35.5%) had at least one positive NIRF. Forty-one of 152 patients undergoing PVS (27–7.1% of total sample) were inducible. Thirty-seven (90.2%) of them received an ICD. Mean follow-up was 32 months and no SCDs were observed, while 9 ICDs (1.57% of total screened population) were appropriately activated. None patient without NIRFs or with NIRFs but negative PVS met the primary endpoint. The algorithm yielded the following: sensitivity 100%, specificity 93.8%, positive predictive value 22%, and negative predictive value 100%. Conclusion The two-step approach of the PRESERVE EF study detects a subpopulation of post-MI patients with preserved LVEF at risk for MAEs that can be effectively addressed with an ICD. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02124018
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Yang, Jian, Xueli Zhang, Peng Yuan, Jing Yang, Yungen Xu, Jaime Grutzendler, Yihan Shao, Anna Moore, and Chongzhao Ran. "Oxalate-curcumin–based probe for micro- and macroimaging of reactive oxygen species in Alzheimer’s disease." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 47 (November 6, 2017): 12384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706248114.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that has a progression that is closely associated with oxidative stress. It has long been speculated that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in AD brains is much higher than that in healthy brains. However, evidence from living beings is scarce. Inspired by the “chemistry of glow stick,” we designed a near-IR fluorescence (NIRF) imaging probe, termed CRANAD-61, for sensing ROS to provide evidence at micro- and macrolevels. In CRANAD-61, an oxalate moiety was utilized to react with ROS and to consequentially produce wavelength shifting. Our in vitro data showed that CRANAD-61 was highly sensitive and rapidly responsive to various ROS. On reacting with ROS, its excitation and emission wavelengths significantly shifted to short wavelengths, and this shifting could be harnessed for dual-color two-photon imaging and transformative NIRF imaging. In this report, we showed that CRANAD-61 could be used to identify “active” amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) surrounded by high ROS levels with two-photon imaging (microlevel) and to provide relative total ROS concentrations in AD brains via whole-brain NIRF imaging (macrolevel). Lastly, we showed that age-related increases in ROS levels in AD brains could be monitored with our NIRF imaging method. We believe that our imaging with CRANAD-61 could provide evidence of ROS at micro- and macrolevels and could be used for monitoring ROS changes under various AD pathological conditions and during drug treatment.
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S., Dr Sivaperumal, and Dr A. Abudhahir. "Top 100 Ranked Indian Institutions by NIRF 2021 in Engineering: An Interesting Analysis of Individual/Combined Metrics." Journal of Engineering Education Transformations 36, S2 (January 1, 2023): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2023/v36is2/23080.

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This paper analyses scores of the top 100 institutions ranked by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF- 2021), Ministry of Education, Government of India in the Engineering category. It considered all five major parameters: Teaching, Learning & Resources, Research and Professional Practice, Graduation Outcome, Outreach and Inclusivity and Perception. Albeit the methodology has been publicly available, the participating institutions could not verify their scores for the ten sub-parameters (metric/combined metric) out of 17 even after the announcement of rankings every year. Of the ten, perception is one such parameter that carries 10% weight. The NIRF defines the functions for nine sub-parameters based on the data submitted by the participating institutions. Having done the extensive analysis in this work, it is found that there are quite a few cases where the function, representing the relationship between the data and score, is neither monotonically increasing nor decreasing. Hence, this paper compares the percentage change in average scores of the top 10, 25, 50 and 100, and bottom 10 and 50 ranked institutions on various parameters/sub-parameters to the extent possible and, in a few cases, reveals the nonlinear-multimodal function correlating the data and the scores. Finally, this work concludes with a few recommendations for the institutions to perform well in NIRF rankings in future and provides suggestions to NIRF to rank the institutions based on their size, years of existence and funding support by the government. Keywords — Engineering Education, Rankings, Quality Education, Ranking Parameters
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Nucci, Mariana P., Javier B. Mamani, Fernando A. Oliveira, Igor S. Filgueiras, Arielly H. Alves, Matheus H. Theinel, Luiz D. Rodrigues, Luciana Marti, and Lionel F. Gamarra. "Optimization of Multimodal Nanoparticles Internalization Process in Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cell Therapy Studies." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061249.

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Considering there are several difficulties and limitations in labeling stem cells using multifunctional nanoparticles (MFNP), the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for labeling human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSC), aiming to monitor these cells in vivo. Thus, this study provides information on hBM-MSC direct labeling using multimodal nanoparticles in terms of concentration, magnetic field, and period of incubation while maintaining these cells’ viability and the homing ability for in vivo experiments. The cell labeling process was assessed using 10, 30, and 50 µg Fe/mL of MFNP, with periods of incubation ranging from 4 to 24 h, with or without a magnetic field, using optical microscopy, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). After the determination of optimal labeling conditions, these cells were applied in vivo 24 h after stroke induction, intending to evaluate cell homing and improve NIRF signal detection. In the presence of a magnetic field and utilizing the maximal concentration of MFNP during cell labeling, the iron load assessed by NIRF and ICP-MS was four times higher than what was achieved before. In addition, considering cell viability higher than 98%, the recommended incubation time was 9 h, which corresponded to a 25.4 pg Fe/cell iron load (86% of the iron load internalized in 24 h). The optimization of cellular labeling for application in the in vivo study promoted an increase in the NIRF signal by 215% at 1 h and 201% at 7 h due to the use of a magnetized field during the cellular labeling process. In the case of BLI, the signal does not depend on cell labeling showing no significant differences between unlabeled or labeled cells (with or without a magnetic field). Therefore, the in vitro cellular optimized labeling process using magnetic fields resulted in a shorter period of incubation with efficient iron load internalization using higher MFNP concentration (50 μgFe/mL), leading to significant improvement in cell detection by NIRF technique without compromising cellular viability in the stroke model.
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Houvast, Ruben D., Victor M. Baart, Shadhvi S. Bhairosingh, Robert A. Cordfunke, Jia Xin Chua, Mireille Vankemmelbeke, Tina Parsons, et al. "Glycan-Based Near-infrared Fluorescent (NIRF) Imaging of Gastrointestinal Tumors: a Preclinical Proof-of-Concept In Vivo Study." Molecular Imaging and Biology 22, no. 6 (August 11, 2020): 1511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-020-01522-8.

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Abstract Purpose Aberrantly expressed glycans in cancer are of particular interest for tumor targeting. This proof-of-concept in vivo study aims to validate the use of aberrant Lewis glycans as target for antibody-based, real-time imaging of gastrointestinal cancers. Procedures Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with monoclonal antibody FG88.2, targeting Lewisa/c/x, was performed on gastrointestinal tumors and their healthy counterparts. Then, FG88.2 and its chimeric human/mouse variant CH88.2 were conjugated with near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) IRDye 800CW for real-time imaging. Specific binding was evaluated in vitro on human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines with cell-based plate assays, flow cytometry, and immune-fluorescence microscopy. Subsequently, mice bearing human colon and pancreatic subcutaneous tumors were imaged in vivo after intravenous administration of 1 nmol (150 μg) CH88.2-800CW with the clinical Artemis NIRF imaging system using the Pearl Trilogy small animal imager as reference. One week post-injection of the tracer, tumors and organs were resected and tracer uptake was analyzed ex vivo. Results IHC analysis showed strong FG88.2 staining on colonic, gastric, and pancreatic tumors, while staining on their normal tissue counterparts was limited. Next, human cancer cell lines HT-29 (colon) and BxPC-3 and PANC-1 (both pancreatic) were identified as respectively high, moderate, and low Lewisa/c/x-expressing. Using the clinical NIRF camera system for tumor-bearing mice, a mean tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) of 2.2 ± 0.3 (Pearl: 3.1 ± 0.8) was observed in the HT-29 tumors and a TBR of 1.8 ± 0.3 (Pearl: 1.9 ± 0.5) was achieved in the moderate expression BxPC-3 model. In both models, tumors could be adequately localized and delineated by NIRF for up to 1 week. Ex vivo analysis confirmed full tumor penetration of the tracer and low fluorescence signals in other organs. Conclusions Using a novel chimeric Lewisa/c/x-targeting tracer in combination with a clinical NIRF imager, we demonstrate the potential of targeting Lewis glycans for fluorescence-guided surgery of gastrointestinal tumors.
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Lev, Sima, John Hernandez, Ricardo Martinez, Alon Chen, Greg Plowman, and Joseph Schlessinger. "Identification of a Novel Family of Targets of PYK2 Related to Drosophila Retinal Degeneration B (rdgB) Protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 2278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.3.2278.

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ABSTRACT The protein tyrosine kinase PYK2 has been implicated in signaling pathways activated by G-protein-coupled receptors, intracellular calcium, and stress signals. Here we describe the molecular cloning and characterization of a novel family of PYK2-binding proteins designated Nirs (PYK2 N-terminal domain-interacting receptors). The three Nir proteins (Nir1, Nir2, and Nir3) bind to the amino-terminal domain of PYK2 via a conserved sequence motif located in the carboxy terminus. The primary structures of Nirs reveal six putative transmembrane domains, a region homologous to phosphatidylinositol (PI) transfer protein, and an acidic domain. The Nir proteins are the human homologues of the Drosophila retinal degeneration B protein (rdgB), a protein implicated in the visual transduction pathway in flies. We demonstrate that Nirs are calcium-binding proteins that exhibit PI transfer activity in vivo. Activation of PYK2 by agents that elevate intracellular calcium or by phorbol ester induce tyrosine phosphorylation of Nirs. Moreover, PYK2 and Nirs exhibit similar expression patterns in several regions of the brain and retina. In addition, PYK2-Nir complexes are detected in lysates prepared from cultured cells or from brain tissues. Finally, the Nir1-encoding gene is located at human chromosome 17p13.1, in proximity to a locus responsible for several human retinal diseases. We propose that the Nir and rdgB proteins represent a new family of evolutionarily conserved PYK2-binding proteins that play a role in the control of calcium and phosphoinositide metabolism downstream of G-protein-coupled receptors.
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Neubauer, H., I. Pantel, and F. Götz. "Molecular Characterization of the Nitrite-Reducing System of Staphylococcus carnosus." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 5 (March 1, 1999): 1481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.5.1481-1488.1999.

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ABSTRACT Characterization of a nitrite reductase-negativeStaphylococcus carnosus Tn917 mutant led to the identification of the nir operon, which encodes NirBD, the dissimilatory NADH-dependent nitrite reductase; SirA, the putative oxidase and chelatase, and SirB, the uroporphyrinogen III methylase, both of which are necessary for biosynthesis of the siroheme prosthetic group; and NirR, which revealed no convincing similarity to proteins with known functions. We suggest that NirR is essential fornir promoter activity. In the absence of NirR, a weak promoter upstream of sirA seems to drive transcription ofsirA, nirB, nirD, andsirB in the stationary-growth phase. In primer extension experiments one predominant and several weaker transcription start sites were identified in the nir promoter region. Northern blot analyses indicated that anaerobiosis and nitrite are induction factors of the nir operon: cells grown aerobically with nitrite revealed small amounts of full-length transcript whereas cells grown anaerobically with or without nitrite showed large amounts of full-length transcript. Although a transcript is detectable, no nitrite reduction occurs in cells grown aerobically with nitrite, indicating an additional oxygen-controlled step at the level of translation, enzyme folding, assembly, or insertion of prosthetic groups. The nitrite-reducing activity expressed during anaerobiosis is switched off reversibly when the oxygen tension increases, most likely due to competition for electrons with the aerobic respiratory chain. Another gene, nirC, is located upstream of the niroperon. nirC encodes a putative integral membrane-spanning protein of unknown function. A nirC mutant showed no distinct phenotype.
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Murugan, N. Arul, Robert Zaleśny, Jacob Kongsted, Agneta Nordberg, and Hans Ågren. "Promising two-photon probes for in vivo detection of β amyloid deposits." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 79 (2014): 11694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc03897e.

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Zhang, Xueli, Yanli Tian, Can Zhang, Xiaoyu Tian, Alana W. Ross, Robert D. Moir, Hongbin Sun, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Anna Moore, and Chongzhao Ran. "Near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging of amyloid beta species and monitoring therapy in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 31 (July 21, 2015): 9734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505420112.

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Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) molecular imaging has been widely applied to monitoring therapy of cancer and other diseases in preclinical studies; however, this technology has not been applied successfully to monitoring therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although several NIRF probes for detecting amyloid beta (Aβ) species of AD have been reported, none of these probes has been used to monitor changes of Aβs during therapy. In this article, we demonstrated that CRANAD-3, a curcumin analog, is capable of detecting both soluble and insoluble Aβ species. In vivo imaging showed that the NIRF signal of CRANAD-3 from 4-mo-old transgenic AD (APP/PS1) mice was 2.29-fold higher than that from age-matched wild-type mice, indicating that CRANAD-3 is capable of detecting early molecular pathology. To verify the feasibility of CRANAD-3 for monitoring therapy, we first used the fast Aβ-lowering drug LY2811376, a well-characterized beta-amyloid cleaving enzyme-1 inhibitor, to treat APP/PS1 mice. Imaging data suggested that CRANAD-3 could monitor the decrease in Aβs after drug treatment. To validate the imaging capacity of CRANAD-3 further, we used it to monitor the therapeutic effect of CRANAD-17, a curcumin analog for inhibition of Aβ cross-linking. The imaging data indicated that the fluorescence signal in the CRANAD-17–treated group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the result correlated with ELISA analysis of brain extraction and Aβ plaque counting. It was the first time, to our knowledge, that NIRF was used to monitor AD therapy, and we believe that our imaging technology has the potential to have a high impact on AD drug development.
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Favril, Sophie, Eline Abma, Emmelie Stock, Nausikaa Devriendt, Bart Van Goethem, Francesco Blasi, Chiara Brioschi, et al. "Fluorescence-guided surgery using indocyanine green in dogs with superficial solid tumours." Veterinary Record 187, no. 7 (April 28, 2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105554.

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BackgroundNear-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is a relatively novel technique that can aid surgeons during intraoperative tumour identification.MethodsNine canine oncology patients (five mammary gland tumours, three mast cell tumours and one melanoma) received intravenous indocyanine green (ICG). After 24 hours, tumours were resected and fluorescence intensities of tumours and surroundings were evaluated. Additional wound bed tissue was resected if residual fluorescence was present after tumour resection. Ex vivo, fluorescence-guided dissection was performed to separate tumour from surrounding tissue.ResultsIntraoperative NIRF-guided tumour delineation was feasible in four out of nine dogs. Wound bed imaging after tumour removal identified nine additional fluorescent lesions, of which four contained tumour tissue. One of these four true positive in vivo lesions was missed by standard-of-care inspection. Ex vivo fluorescence-guided tumour dissection showed a sensitivity of 72 per cent and a specificity of 80 per cent in discriminating between tumour and surrounding tissue.ConclusionThe value of ICG for intraoperative tumour delineation seems more limited than originally thought. Although NIRF imaging using ICG did identify remaining tumour tissue in the wound bed, a high false positive rate was also observed.
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SARCAN, Elif Tugce. "NANOPARTICLES FOR DUAL IMAGING: PET AND FLUORESCENCE IMAGING." Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi 48, no. 2 (February 22, 2024): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1323924.

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Objective: Molecular imaging methods are gaining popularity in clinical and preclinical fields. There are many different imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), and each has different advantages and disadvantages. Multimodal imaging methods, a combination of two or more molecular imaging modalities, have been developed to overcome the disadvantages of these molecular imaging methods. However, these imaging methods are conjugated with different vectors to improve the multimodal imaging methods used. In this field, drug delivery systems, peptides, proteins, antibodies and aptamers have been widely used for conjugation of multimodal imaging modalities to overcome some of the disadvantages that come from imaging modalities. In this review, PET and NIRF combination imaging modalities were explained and more specifically PET and NIRF nanoparticle dual imaging modalities with their pros and cons were investigated. Result and Discussion: Dual imaging modalities overcome to limitations of single imaging modalities and provide a better understanding of biological, anatomical, and physiological processes. Multimodal imaging modalities offer higher sensitivity, resolution, and specificity with lower cost and toxicity although have several disadvantages.
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Wu, Yayun, Duyang Gao, Pengfei Zhang, Chuansheng Li, Qian Wan, Chi Chen, Ping Gong, Guanhui Gao, Zonghai Sheng, and Lintao Cai. "Iron oxide nanoparticles protected by NIR-active multidentate-polymers as multifunctional nanoprobes for NIRF/PA/MR trimodal imaging." Nanoscale 8, no. 2 (2016): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr06660c.

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Prathap, Gangan. "Making Scientometric Sense out of NIRF Scores." Current Science 112, no. 06 (March 1, 2017): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v112/i06/1240-1242.

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Yang, Jian, Fantian Zeng, Xiaofang Li, Chongzhao Ran, Yungen Xu, and Yuyan Li. "Highly specific detection of Aβ oligomers in early Alzheimer's disease by a near-infrared fluorescent probe with a “V-shaped” spatial conformation." Chemical Communications 56, no. 4 (2020): 583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc08894f.

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Huang, Jie, Jie Huang, Xinyu Ning, Wei Luo, Mengling Chen, Zhangyan Wang, Wei Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, and Jie Chao. "CT/NIRF dual-modal imaging tracking and therapeutic efficacy of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells labeled with Au nanoparticles in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 8 (2020): 1713–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02652e.

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Wang, Xin, Jiali Zha, Wei Zhang, Wen Zhang, and Bo Tang. "In vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation of antidepressants based on flux mitochondrial Cys in living mice via near infrared fluorescence imaging." Analyst 145, no. 18 (2020): 6119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0an01364a.

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Lobbes, Leonard A., Richelle J. M. Hoveling, Susanne Berns, Leonard R. Schmidt, Rahel M. Strobel, Christian Schineis, Johannes C. Lauscher, Katharina Beyer, and Benjamin Weixler. "Feasibility of Novel Software-Based Perfusion Indicators for the Ileal J-Pouch—On the Path towards Objective and Quantifiable Intraoperative Perfusion Assessment with Indocyanine Green Near-Infrared Fluorescence." Life 12, no. 8 (July 28, 2022): 1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12081144.

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Background: In restorative proctocolectomy with ileal J-pouch, perfusion assessment is vital to prevent complications such as anastomotic leak (AL). Indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) is gaining popularity, while its interpretation and relevance remain subjective. This study aimed to evaluate a standardized ICG-NIRF imaging protocol combined with a novel, software-based assessment to detect areas of impaired perfusion and a possible correlation with AL of the pouch. Methods: In this prospective study, patients undergoing ileal J-pouch for ulcerative colitis at an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) referral center were included. Intraoperatively, strictly standardized ICG-NIRF visualization was performed and video-recorded. Postoperatively, a specific software was utilized to determine the change in fluorescence intensity per second (i/s) for systematic regions of interest, generating perfusion-time curves and a pixel-to-pixel map. These were analysed in detail and correlated with clinical outcome (primary end point: AL within 30 days; clearly defined and screened for by pouchoscopy). Results: Four out of 18 included patients developed AL of the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). In the AL group, the perfusion curves on the area adjacent to the IPAA (pouch apex) displayed considerably lower ingress/inflow (median = 1.7; range = 8.5; interquartile-range = 3.8 i/s) and egress/outflow (median = −0.1; range = 0.7; interquartile-range = 0.5 i/s) values than in the non-AL group (ingress: median = 4.3; range = 10.3; interquartile-range = 4.0 i/s); egress: median = (−1.1); range = 3.9; interquartile range = 1. i/s). This was confirmed by further novel parameters of pouch perfusion (maximum ingress; maximum egress) and pixel-to-pixel analysis. Conclusions: This study presents the feasibility of a novel methodology to precisely assess pouch perfusion with ICG-NIRF, identifying comparable, quantifiable, and objective parameters to potentially detect perfusion-associated complications in surgery in real-time.
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Klohs, Jan, Nevena Baeva, Jens Steinbrink, Riad Bourayou, Chotima Boettcher, Georg Royl, Dirk Megow, Ulrich Dirnagl, Josef Priller, and Andreas Wunder. "In Vivo Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity after Cerebral Ischemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 29, no. 7 (May 6, 2009): 1284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2009.51.

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we explored whether MMP activity can be visualized by noninvasive near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging using an MMP-activatable probe in a mouse model of stroke. C57BI6 mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham operation. Noninvasive NIRF imaging was performed 24 h after probe injection, and target-to-background ratios (TBRs) between the two hemispheres were determined. TBRs were significantly higher in MCAO mice injected with the MMP-activatable probe than in sham-operated mice and in MCAO mice that were injected with the nonactivatable probe as controls. Treatment with an MMP inhibitor resulted in significantly lower TBRs and lesion volumes compared to injection of vehicle. To test the contribution of MMP-9 to the fluorescence signal, MMP9-deficient (MMP9−/-) mice and wild-type controls were subjected to MCAO of different durations to attain comparable lesion volumes. TBRs were significantly lower in MMP9−/- mice, suggesting a substantial contribution of MMP-9 activity to the signal. Our study shows that MMP activity after cerebral ischemia can be imaged noninvasively with NIRF using an MMP-activatable probe, which might be a useful tool to study MMP activity in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Chiti, Lavinia Elena, Elisa Maria Gariboldi, Damiano Stefanello, Donatella De Zani, Valeria Grieco, and Mirja Christine Nolff. "Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy in Cats with Solid Malignancies: An Explorative Study." Animals 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 3116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12223116.

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There is increasing evidence on the utility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) for the staging of dogs with various malignancies; however, comparable information is missing in cats. This multi-institutional study aims at reporting the feasibility and detection rate of SLNB guided by lymphoscintigraphy and the blue dye or near-infrared fluorescent lymphography (NIRF-L) in cats with solid tumors. In total, 12 cats presented with 14 solid malignancies that underwent curative-intent surgical excision of the primary tumor and SLNB were retrospectively enrolled. The mapping technique used, location and number of SLN, correspondence with the regional lymph node (RLN), and histological status of the SLN were retrieved. The detection rate and complications of SLNB were also recorded. NIRF-L was performed in 64.3% of tumors and lymphoscintigraphy in 35.7%. The detection rate was 100% for both techniques. The SLN did not correspond (fully or partially) to the RLN in 71.4% of cases, with multiple SLN being excised in 9/14 tumors. No complications related to SLNB were recorded. At histopathology, metastases were identified in 41.7% of cats, all with mast cell tumors (MCT). SLNB guided by NIRF-L or lymphoscintigraphy is feasible and safe in cats with solid tumors and should be suggested for correct tumor staging in cats, especially with MCT.
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