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Journal articles on the topic 'Niobium-Silicide Based Alloys'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Qu, Shi Yu, Ya Fang Han, and Liguo Song. "Microstructures and Properties of Refractory Niobium-Silicide-Based Composites." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.737.

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The microstructures, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the refractory Nb-silicide-based composites have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), compression tests and high-temperature oxidation experiments. The results showed that 1773K/100h heat-treatment was an optimum processing for acquiring equilibrium Nb solid solution and silicides microstructure. In the binary Nb-Si system, the microstructure consisted of continuous Nb5Si3 equilibrium matrix and dispersed Nb particles, while in the the Nb-Ti-Cr-Al-Si-(Hf) multicomponent system, there are two typical microstructures, i.e., a two-phase structure of β (Nb solid solution)+D81 Nb5Si3-type silicide in the alloys with the Si+Al content (15at.% and 6at.%, respectively), and a three-phase structure of β+D81 Nb5Si3-type + D88 Ti5Si3-type silicides in the alloys with lower Si+Al content (10at.% and 8at.%, respectively). The results of compression tests showed that all alloys display high strength at both room and high temperatures, only a slight decrease in compression properties occured for Nb-Ti-Cr-Al-Si alloys, comparing to the binary Nb-Si in-situ composites. This type of alloys possesses good high temperature strengths up to at least 1473K. The results of high-temperature oxidation experiments showed that the oxidation rates of the alloys with Ti, Cr, Al and Hf addition were at least one order of magnitude lower than those of the Nb-Si binary alloys.

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Drawin, Stefan, J. P. Monchoux, J. L. Raviart, and Alain Couret. "Microstructural Properties of Nb-Si Based Alloys Manufactured by Powder Metallurgy." Advanced Materials Research 278 (July 2011): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.278.533.

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An NbTiHfCrAlSi niobium silicide based atomized powder has been compacted by a conventional technique (hot extrusion) and by spark plasma sintering to nearly fully dense alloys. Both materials exhibit a metastable fine micrometer-sized microstructure that has been coarsened by a subsequent heat treatment. The densification of the SPS sample takes place between ca. 800°C and 1300°C.

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Tsakiropoulos, P. "On the macrosegregation of silicon in niobium silicide based alloys." Intermetallics 55 (December 2014): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2014.07.004.

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Allen, A., A. C. Douglas, L. M. Feitosa, H. Qian, J. Li, H. B. Dong, X. Lin, and Y. Li. "Solidification of niobium-silicide-based alloys during laser additive manufacturing process." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 529 (May 29, 2019): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/529/1/012006.

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Dicks, Robert, Fude Wang, and Xinhua Wu. "The manufacture of a niobium/niobium-silicide-based alloy using direct laser fabrication." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209, no. 4 (February 2009): 1752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.04.042.

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Zhao, J. C., and J. H. Westbrook. "Ultrahigh-Temperature Materials for Jet Engines." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 9 (September 2003): 622–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.189.

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AbstractThis introductory article provides the background for the September 2003 issue ofMRS Bulletinon Ultrahigh-Temperature Materials for Jet Engines. It covers the need for these materials, the history of their development, and current challenges driving continued research and development. The individual articles that follow review achievements in four different material classes (threein situcomposites—based on molybdenum silicide, niobium silicide, and silicon carbide, respectively—and high-melting-point platinum-group-metal alloys), as well as advances in coating systems developed both for oxidation protection and as thermal barriers. The articles serve as a benchmark to illustrate the progress made to date and the challenges ahead for ultrahigh-temperature jet-engine materials.

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Tyagi, Megha, B. Vishwanadh, Subir Kumar Ghosh, and R. Tewari. "Synthesis and Characterization of Silicide Coating on Niobium Alloy Produced Using Molten Salt Method." Materials Science Forum 830-831 (September 2015): 683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.830-831.683.

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The main aim of the present work is to develop an oxidation resistant Nb-Si coating on Nb alloys. For this purpose electroless molten salt - method was used, where a selective reaction occurs between NaCl–KCl–NaF–Na2SiF6and the Si powder. Due to this reaction, oxidation resistant Nb-Si phases forms on the surface of substrate. This paper reports the thickness variation of Nb-Si coating as a function of deposition time. The surface morphology was studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The various Nb-Si based phases formed on the Nb substrate have been identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, supplemented with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results. Based on these results mechanism of silicide coating on Nb alloys has been discussed in detail.

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Vellios, Nikos, Paul Keating, and Panos Tsakiropoulos. "On the Microstructure and Properties of the Nb-23Ti-5Si-5Al-5Hf-5V-2Cr-2Sn (at.%) Silicide-Based Alloy—RM(Nb)IC." Metals 11, no. 11 (November 20, 2021): 1868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111868.

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The microstructure, isothermal oxidation, and hardness of the Nb-23Ti-5Si-5Al-5Hf-5V-2Cr-2Sn alloy and the hardness and Young’s moduli of elasticity of its Nbss and Nb5Si3 were studied. The alloy was selected using the niobium intermetallic composite elaboration (NICE) alloy design methodology. There was macrosegregation of Ti and Si in the cast alloy. The Nbss, αNb5Si3, γNb5Si3, and HfO2 phases were present in the as-cast or heat-treated alloy plus TiN in the near-the-surface areas of the latter. The vol.% of Nbss was about 80%. There were Ti- and Ti-and-Hf-rich areas in the solid solution and the 5-3 silicide, respectively, and there was a lamellar microstructure of these two phases. The V partitioned to the Nbss, where the solubilities of Al, Cr, Hf, and V increased with increasing Ti concentration. At 700, 800, and 900 °C, the alloy did not suffer from catastrophic pest oxidation; it followed parabolic oxidation kinetics in the former two temperatures and linear oxidation kinetics in the latter, where its mass change was the lowest compared with other Sn-containing alloys. An Sn-rich layer formed in the interface between the scale and the substrate, which consisted of the Nb3Sn and Nb6Sn5 compounds at 900 °C. The latter compound was not contaminated with oxygen. Both the Nbss and Nb5Si3 were contaminated with oxygen, with the former contaminated more severely than the latter. The bulk of the alloy was also contaminated with oxygen. The alloying of the Nbss with Sn increased its elastic modulus compared with Sn-free solid solutions. The hardness of the alloy, its Nbss, and its specific room temperature strength compared favourably with many refractory metal-complex-concentrated alloys (RCCAs). The agreement of the predictions of NICE with the experimental results was satisfactory.

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Bewlay, B. P., and J. A. Sutliff. "Microstructure and Microtexture in Nb-Silicide Based Composites." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600021516.

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Directionally solidified in-situ composites based on niobium and niobium silicides, such as Nb5Si3 and Nb3Si, are presently under investigation as structural materials [1, 2], Alloying additions of elements such as Hf, Ti and Mo to these silicides are also being explored in order to increase strength and oxidation resistance. The present paper describes the effect of Hf, Mo and Ti additions on microstructure and microtexture of high temperature silcide-based in-situ composites.Alloys were prepared from high purity elements (>99.9%) using induction levitation melting in a segmented water-cooled copper crucible. The alloys were directionally solidified using the Czochralski method [2], Phase identification was performed using scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), and automated electron back scattering pattern (EBSP) analysis. Using EBSP, positive phase identification was accomplished by direct comparison of the location and character of the diffraction bands in the experimental pattern with those calculated from simulated patterns generated using the possible structure types.

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GUO, XIPING, HAISHENG GUO, CHENGFANG YAO, and PING GUAN. "INTEGRALLY DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED MICROSTRUCTURE OF AN NIOBIUM SILICIDE BASED ULTRAHIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 1093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060518.

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Integrally directional solidification of an advanced Nb silicide based ultrahigh temperature alloy was conducted with the use of special ceramic crucibles. The melt temperature was 2000°C and the withdrawing rate was respectively 5, 10, 15, 30, 50, 80 and 100 µm/s. The directionally solidified microstructure was composed of primary ( Nb ,X)5 Si 3 rods and ( Nb , Ti ) ss + ( Nb ,X)5 Si 3 eutectic colonies (here X represents Ti and Hf elements) that distributed evenly and aligned erectly along the growth direction. The quenched solid/liquid (S/L) interfaces had the morphology of a series of protruded parallel eutectic cells along the growth direction. ( Nb , Ti ) ss and ( Nb ,X)5 Si 3 slices grew in a coupled manner in each eutectic cell, forming a typical lamellar eutectic morphology. Both the average diameter of eutectic cells and lamellar spacing in them decreased with the increase of withdrawing rates. The solidification path was that primary ( Nb ,X)5 Si 3 rods formed firstly and then the retained liquid around solidified into ( Nb , Ti ) ss + ( Nb ,X)5 Si 3 eutectic cells.

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Hernández-Negrete, Ofelia, and Panos Tsakiropoulos. "On the Microstructure and Isothermal Oxidation at 800 and 1200 °C of the Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Al-5Cr-5Ge-5Sn (at.%) Silicide-Based Alloy." Materials 13, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030722.

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The research presented in this paper aspired to understand how the simultaneous addition of Ge and Sn in an Hf-free Nb-silicide-based alloy affected its oxidation resistance. Results are presented for the Nb-24Ti-18Si-5Al-5Cr-5Ge-5Sn alloy (at.%) which was studied in the as-cast and heat-treated (1400 °C/100 h) conditions and after isothermal oxidation in air at 800 and 1200 °C. There was macrosegregation in the cast alloy, in which the Nbss formed at a low volume fraction and was not stable after heat treatment at 1400 °C. The βNb5Si3, A15-Nb3Sn, and C14-NbCr2 were stable phases. The alloy did not undergo pest oxidation at 800 °C, and there was no spallation of its scale at 1200 °C. There was enrichment in Ge and Sn in the substrate below the scale/substrate interface, where the compounds Nb3Sn, Nb5Sn2Si, (Ti,Nb)6Sn5, and Nb5Ge3 were formed. After the oxidation at 1200 °C, the solid solution in the bulk of the alloy was very Ti-rich (Ti,Nb)ss. Improvement of oxidation resistance at both temperatures was accompanied by a decrease and increase, respectively, of the alloy parameters VEC (valence electron concentration) and δ, in agreement with the alloy design methodology NICE (Niobium Intermetallic Composite Elaboration). The elimination of scale spallation at 1200 °C was attributed (a) to the formation of Ti-rich (Ti,Nb)ss solid solution and (Ti,Nb)6Sn5, respectively, in the bulk and below the scale, (b) to the low concentration of Cr in the scale, (c) to the absence of GeO2 in the scale, (d) to the formation of αAl2O3 in the scale, and (e) to the presence (i) of Nb5Ge3 below the scale/substrate interface and (ii) of oxides in the scale, namely, SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, and SnO2, and Ti2Nb10O29,TiNb2O7, and AlNbO4, respectively, with a range of intrinsic thermal shock resistances and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values that reduced stresses in the scale and the substrate below it.

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Herman, David M., Bernard P. Bewlay, Laurent Cretegny, Richard DiDomizio, and John Lewandowski. "Fracture and Fatigue of Niobium Silicide Alloys." MRS Proceedings 1128 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1128-u07-01.

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AbstractThe fracture and fatigue behavior of refractory metal silicide alloys/composites is significantly affected by the mechanical behavior of the refractory metal phase. This paper reviews some of the balance of properties obtained in the alloys/composites based on the Nb-Si system. Since some of the alloy/composite properties are dominated by the behavior of the refractory metal phase, the paper begins with a review of data on monolithic Nb and its alloys. This is followed by presentation of results obtained on Nb-Si alloys/composites and a comparison to behavior of some other high temperature systems.

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Bewlay, B. P., R. J. Grylls, and H. L. Fraser. "On the Formation of Silicide Precipitates in Niobium-Silicide Based Composites." MRS Proceedings 552 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-552-kk5.27.1.

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ABSTRACTComposites based on Nb-Si are attractive candidates for use as structural materials at the very high temperatures required for future aircraft engines. The composites described were produced by directional solidification, which gives a microstructure consisting of Nb dendrites with an Nb3Si-Nb eutectic. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed characterization of precipitates observed in the Nb dendrites in both binary and higher-order alloys. The precipitates possess the Nb3Si stoichiometry, but not the stable Nb3Si structure. The precipitates form a metastable orthorhombic crystal structure which is related to the Nb matrix via a simple orientation relationship.

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Bewlay, B. P., P. W. Whiting, A. W. Davis, and C. L. Briant. "Creep Mechanisms in Niobium-Silicide Based In-Situ Composites." MRS Proceedings 552 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-552-kk6.11.1.

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ABSTRACTThis paper will discuss the relationship between microstructure and creep behavior in hightemperature niobium-silicide based in-situ composites. The creep behavior of composites generated from binary Nb-Si alloys, and higher order alloys containing Mo, Hf and Ti additions, will be described. In-situ composites were tested in compression at temperatures up to 1200°C and stress levels in the range 70 to 280MPa. It was found that the Hf concentration can be increased to 7.5 with little increase in creep rate, over that for the binary Nb3Si-Nb composite, but at higher concentrations the creep rate is increased at stress levels higher than 21OMPa. At stresses less than 21OMPa the Ti concentration can be increased to 21 without a detrimental effect on creep performance, but at higher concentrations there is a substantial increase in the creep rate.

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Bewlay, B. P., M. R. Jackson, and H. A. Lipsitt. "Ti-Modified Niobium-Silicide Based Directionally Solidified in-situ Composites." MRS Proceedings 460 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-460-715.

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ABSTRACTThis paper examines microstructure-property relationships in high-temperature directionally solidified (DS) in-situ composites based on Nb silicides, such as Nb3Si and Nb5Si3. These in-situ composites are based on the Nb3Si-Nb binary eutectic, and are alloyed with Ti. They were prepared using cold crucible Czochralski crystal growth. Ternary Nb-Ti-Si alloys with Ti concentrations from 9 to 45%, and Si concentrations from 10 to 25%, were directionally solidified to generate aligned two- and three-phase composites containing a Nb solid solution with Nb3Si and Nb5Si3 silicides. Fracture toughness values generally greater than 10 MPa√m were measured in these composites. For a given Si concentration, the fracture toughness of the Ti-containing composites was increased ∼ 6 MPa√m over that of the binary alloy composites. The effects of Si concentration, and a range of Nb:Ti ratios, on microstructure, phase equilibria, and fracture toughness were examined.

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Sekido, Nobuaki, Yoshisato Kimura, and Yoshinao Mishima. "Effect of Growth Rate on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Directionally Solidified Nb-Si Eutectic Alloy." MRS Proceedings 753 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-753-bb5.25.

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ABSTRACTThe development of ultra-high temperature structural materials having superior mechanical properties to the nickel based superalloys has been pursued in the niobium silicide based composites. The unidirectional solidification technique was performed on the (Nb)/Nb3Si eutectic alloy in the Nb-Si binary system. A continuity of Nb phases in the eutectic microstructure increases with decreasing a growth rate, which yields the enhancement of fracture toughness as well as high temperature strength. The mechanisms of microstructural formation, toughening, and strengthening are briefly discussed.

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Suryanarayanan, R., S. M. L. Sastry, and K. L. Jerina. "Strength and Toughness of Silicide Matrix Materials Consolidated by Hot Isostatic Pressing." MRS Proceedings 322 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-322-191.

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AbstractSubstantial improvements have been reported in high temperature strength and creep resistance, and room temperature fracture toughness of molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) reinforced with ductile or brittle reinforcements. The influence of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) process parameters on the mechanical properties of MoSi2 based alloys was studied. Monolithic MoSi2 powder and MoSi2 powder blended with either niobium powder or silicon carbide whisker reinforcements were consolidated by HIP at 1200 − 1400°C, 207 MPa, and 1 - 4 hrs. The HIP'ed compacts were characterized for compression strength and creep resistance at 1100-1300°C. Fracture toughness was measured on single edge notched rectangular specimens at room temperature. Mechanical properties were correlated with post-HIP microstructural features.

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