Journal articles on the topic 'Nigeria healthcare system'
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Adeosun, Oluyemi Theophilus, and Omolara Morounkeji Faboya. "Health care expenditure and child mortality in Nigeria." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 33, no. 3 (March 2, 2020): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-10-2019-0172.
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PurposeHealth improves the proficiency and output generated by individuals. It also raises physical as well as mental abilities, which are required for the growth and advancement of any economy. Many infant diseases have been recognised via contemporary technology in a bid to tackle these diseases. However, children within the African continent (Including Nigeria) die en masse from diseases. This has made the government of Nigeria allocate sizeable part of the nation's budget to healthcare system. The allocation to health is, however, yet to translate to improved health condition for Nigerians. It does not measure up to the World Health Organization's (WHO) standards for apportioning budget to the health sector. This study also analyses empirically the impact of healthcare expenses on the mortality level of infants as well as Nigeria's neonatal mortality level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on Nigeria. Vector auto regression model techniques, unit root tests and cointegration test were carried out using time series date for the period between 1986 and 2016.FindingsThe outcome has revealed that expenditure on healthcare possesses a negative correlation with the mortality of infants and neonates. The study discovers that if the Nigerian government raises and maintains health expenditure specifically on activities focused on minimising infant mortality, it will translate to reduction in infant mortality in Nigeria.Originality/valueThis paper has contributed exhaustively to solution to poor expenditure on healthcare, especially child mortality, in Nigeria.
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Awotiwon, Ajibola, Charlie Sword, Tracy Eastman, Christy Joy Ras, Prince Ana, Ruth Vania Cornick, Lara Fairall, et al. "Using a mentorship model to localise the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK): from South Africa to Nigeria." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 5 (October 2018): e001079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001079.
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Nigeria, in its quest to strengthen its primary healthcare system, is faced with a number of challenges including a shortage of clinicians and skills. Methods are being sought to better equip primary healthcare clinicians for the clinical demands that they face. Using a mentorship model between developers in South Africa and Nigerian clinicians, the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) for adult patients, a health systems strengthening programme, has been localised and piloted in 51 primary healthcare facilities in three Nigerian states. Lessons learnt from this experience include the value of this remote model of localisation for rapid localisation, the importance of early, continuous stakeholder engagement, the need expressed by Nigeria’s primary healthcare clinicians for clinical guidance that is user friendly and up-to-date, a preference for the tablet version of the PACK Adult guide over hard copies and the added value of WhatsApp groups to complement the programme of face-to-face continuous learning. Introduction of the PACK programme in Nigeria prompted uptake of evidence-informed recommendations within primary healthcare services.
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Olaronke, Iroju, Gambo Ishaya, Ikono Rhoda, and Olaleke Janet. "Interoperability in Nigeria Healthcare System: The Ways Forward." International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2013): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijieeb.2013.04.03.
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Lawanson, Akanni Olayinka, and Olaide Sekinat Opeloyeru. "Equity in healthcare financing in Nigeria." Journal of Hospital Administration 5, no. 5 (July 20, 2016): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v5n5p53.
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Using both graphical and geometric analyses, this paper examines the extent of inequity in healthcare finance among the Nigerian population. One of the acclaimed plans in healthcare in this teeming community is the mix method of financing but the system in practise is dominated with Object Oriented Programmings (OOPs) meanwhile the degree of income inequality still remain high. Using the Nigerian Living Standard Survey (NLSS) data conducted in 2004, the framework for this study relies on Kakwani Progressivity Index (KPI). A decomposition of the groups into lower and upper bound however, reveal that health payment for lower bound is regressive while payment for upper bound is progressive. Although, the upper bound result dominates the entire result which finally suggests a progressive system arising from the spending habit of the rich in seeking for healthcare services abroad.
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Alkali, Ibrahim Abubakar, Moh'd Hamdan Hj Ahmad, and Ismail Said. "The Challenges of Nigerian Hospital Ward Setting in Providing for Family Participation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.142.
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Healthcare facilities design is a complex and dynamic process that considers meeting the needs of each of its stakeholders. The design becomes more complex when it involves building for particular user groups with non-standard specification. The Nigerian healthcare delivery system like many other health care systems in developing countries requires active participation of the patient's family member. However, the hospital setting in Nigeria has not been configured to accommodate their stay. This qualitative study is carried out to explore the extent of family participation in caring for their hospitalised ones with a view to identify design indices that will guide Nigerian hospital ward design. Data was obtained through observation and unstructured interview in a typical adult male and female surgical wards in one of the tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. Data was analysed using classical content analysis method. The result shows the design indices generated from patient's families involvement required in the Nigerian hospital ward configuration.
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Oladipo, Habeebullah, Abdulbasit Muili, Yusuf Rashidat, and Abdulmalik Rokibat. "The Role of Pharmacists in Strengthening the Health System in Nigeria." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 13, no. 2 (June 14, 2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v13i2.4763.
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The role of Pharmacists in healthcare has changed significantly over the previous half-century, from dispensing to providing direct patient-oriented services unrelated to dispensing. As a result, the pharmacy profession offers unique expertise to members of the profession with a distinct set of abilities that enable them to play a variety of roles in developing the Nigerian health system. Pharmacy and community pharmacists play an important role in the public health system by providing prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medication with professional counseling, participating in health care programs, and maintaining contact with other healthcare professionals in the health care system. In addition to being open to the public, pharmacists are responsible for the safe and effective administration of pharmaceuticals, participate in health screening and monitoring programs, and are responsive to the requirements and preferences of patients. Unfortunately, there are fewer studies on the roles that pharmacists play in improving the Nigerian health system. As a result, this study highlights some of the roles pharmacists play in strengthening the health system of Nigeria.
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E.O, Oyibocha,, Irinoye, O, Sagua, E.O, Ogungide –. Essien, O.T, Edeki, J.E, and Okome, O.L. "Sustainable Healthcare System in Nigeria: Vision, Strategies and Challenges." IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance 5, no. 2 (2014): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/5933-0522839.
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Oluwaseun, Ojerinde, and Iroju Olaronke. "Strategies for Managing Information Flow in Nigeria Healthcare System." International Journal of Applied Information Systems 9, no. 8 (October 5, 2015): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijais2015451443.
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Ahmad, Ahmad Hassan, and Muktar M. Koya. "Corruption and Healthcare Delivery: Towards a Progressive Intervention in Nigerian Correctional Centres." Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 18, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/njsa/0202/81(0260).
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Corruption is a complex and multifaceted challenge of global concern. The correctional setting in Nigeria is not exempted from the more general context of this issue. Nigeria has a poorly structured service for correctional healthcare system driven by a collection of socioeconomic and legal factors especially corruption. One of the pressing challenges in Nigerian public health is to provide services to those who need them the most, particularly those behind bars and therefore hard to reach. Yet, it remains obvious that, a significant majority of those with health problems are incarcerated in the correctional centers of Nigeria. This study which is anchored on Economic Theory of Corruption examined corrupt practices associated with healthcare delivery in Kano Central and Goron Dutse Correctional Centers. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods in eliciting data from convicted and awaiting trial inmates and healthcare providers. Thus, a total of 350 inmates were sampled across convicts and awaiting trial inmates through the simple random sampling technique using Wiseman’s 1999 table of sample size. In addition, two respondents (healthcare officials) were purposively sampled for in-depth interview. The findings revealed some level of negation especially as it concerns referrals and the inmates’ treatment charges outside the correctional setting. The study recommends the need for complete overhaul of the correctional healthcare delivery system in line with recommended global best practices.
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Olaleke, ON, OJ Okesanya, SM Abioye, MO Othoigbe, EE Matthew, M. Emery, AA Isaiah, TM Odugbile, BG Adebayo, and DE Lucero-Prisno III. "The Forms, Challenges and Strength of the Monkeypox Surveillance System in Nigeria." Annals of Health Research 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2022): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-03-178.
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Monkeypox is now a disease of global public health concern, making it cut across boundaries into different countries, continents and spread worldwide. However, it originated in the Democratic Republic of Congo as a human pathogen in 1970, with the first case reported in Nigeria in 1971. The World Health Organization recently declared Nigeria the country with the highest burden of monkeypox-confirmed cases and deaths in Africa for the current outbreak. This study aimed to identify forms, challenges, strengths, and ways to further strengthen the surveillance system of monkeypox in Nigeria. We conducted a rapid narrative review of articles published in English on monkeypox between January 2018 and October 2022. Google Scholar and PubMed were searched with the following terms: "Monkeypox", "Surveillance system", "Strengthening", "Challenges" "Nigeria" and relevant publications were reviewed. The forms of surveillance systems in Nigeria include Indicator-based and Event-based surveillance, contact tracing, laboratory-based surveillance, sero-surveillance, and mortality surveillance. Shortage of highly skilled staff in public health interventions, insufficient testing capacities, power instability, poor healthcare systems and stigmatization from communities with misinformation, and co-epidemic surveillance burden in Nigeria are some of the challenges contributing to weak surveillance in the country. The Nigerian governments must focus on investing in surveillance systems and bolster preparedness to stem the rapid spread of infectious diseases. Strengthening the surveillance system in the country as a response intervention for monkeypox is no longer a matter of option in Nigeria but of necessity to prevent the forecasted effect the incidence portends.
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Moyegbone, John. "Integration of eye care into primary healthcare tier in Nigeria health system: A case for Delta State." Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports 2, no. 6 (September 9, 2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/038.
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Primary Eye Care (PEC) provides the essential cares of the eyes and visual pathways at the Primary Health Care (PHC) level in order to prevent avoidable visual impairment and blindness. The aim of this study is to review the need for integration of PEC services into PHC in Nigeria healthcare system – with focus oF Delta State. A narrative review approach was used in evaluation of community needs, government and PHC facilities. Published literatures from around the world including in Sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria was done through web search and Mendeley reference library. The evaluations show that there is ability and willingness to integrate PEC into PHC. Yet, there is observable mismatch in capacity vs. opportunity or a knowledge and attitude gap. In Delta State on Nigeria, there appears to be specialist Eye-care providers located in just 24% of the local government areas and absolutely none (zero %) at any PHC facility. In the rural communities, there is the barrier of affordances including problem of access, but the PHC staff can be equipped to provide basic services such as educational, preventive and referral services that non-governmental organisations have done. Therefore, integration of PEC into PHC at the community level is possible.
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OFEKEZE, Darlynton Okiemute. "The Healthcare Delivery System in Nigeria: Legal Framework, Obstacles and Challenges to Providing a Public Insurance System." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 7, no. 4 (2020): 569–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2020-4-569.
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This work seeks to examine the Nigerian Healthcare system through the lens of its public health insurance laws to access its successes and challenges and also make recommedations towards an effective healthcare delivery system.
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Awofeso, Olu, and Kingsley Ogunne. "Politics of Local Government Administration and the Challenges of Primary Healthcare System in Nigeria." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.79.8799.
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The degree of decentralization among federalist countries differs and this invariably demonstrates the dynamics of federalism in practice. The idea of federal system of government demands that there should be constitutional division of powers among the different tiers of government. To this end, in Nigeria, the federal, state and local government have their powers embedded in the constitution. However, the Nigerian constitution created much incertitude which allows local government to merely operate based on the reserved rights, disposition, prescription and discretion of the higher tiers of government. These constitutional uncertainties have no doubt created intergovernmental challenges and conflicts on areas of; tax jurisdiction, revenue allocation, fund transfers, illegal removal of government officials, autonomy, and inconsistent local government elections among others. Beyond these plaints which have been expressed in copious literature, this study tries to take further steps in analyzing how Nigeria’s intergovernmental status has impeded the operation and performance of primary healthcare system, which has invariably brought about poor health outcomes in the country, as evident in her pitiable health indicators. This work therefore establishes a nexus between local government decision space and primary healthcare systems in the country.
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Uchendu, Chinenye, Richard Windle, and Holly Blake. "Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Nigerian Nurses’ Engagement in Health Promoting Behaviors: A Socio-Ecological Model Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 18, 2020): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041314.
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Nurses make up the single largest healthcare professional group in the Nigerian healthcare system. As frontline healthcare providers, they promote healthy lifestyles to patients and families. However, the determinants of Nigerian nurses’ personal health promoting behaviors (HPBs) remain unknown. Utilizing the socio-ecological model (SEM) approach, this study aimed to explore the perceived facilitators and barriers to Nigerian nurses’ engagement in HPBs. HPBs were operationalized to comprise of healthy dietary behaviors, engagement in physical activity, low-risk alcohol consumption, and non-smoking behaviors. Our study was carried out in a large sub-urban tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data collection was via face-to-face semi-structured interviews and participants were registered nurses (n = 18). Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically to produce nine themes that were mapped onto corresponding levels of influence on the SEM. Findings show that in Nigeria, nurses perceive there to be a lack of organizational and policy level initiatives and interventions to facilitate their engagement in HPBs. The determinants of Nigerian nurses’ HPBs span across all five levels of the SEM. Nurses perceived more barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors than facilitators. Engagement in healthy behaviors was heavily influenced by: societal and organizational infrastructure and perceived value for public health; job-related factors such as occupational stress, high workload, lack of protected breaks, and shift-work; cultural and religious beliefs; financial issues; and health-related knowledge. Organizations should provide facilities and services to support healthy lifestyle choices in Nigeria nurses. Government policies should prioritize the promotion of health through the workplace setting, by advocating the development, implementation, regulation, and monitoring of healthy lifestyle policies.
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Ibrahim, Ridwan Lanre, Kazeem Bello Ajide, and Omokanmi Olatunde Julius. "Easing of lockdown measures in Nigeria: Implications for the healthcare system." Health Policy and Technology 9, no. 4 (December 2020): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.09.004.
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Olasehinde, Noah, and Olanrewaju Olaniyan. "Determinants of household health expenditure in Nigeria." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 1694–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2015-0324.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of health expenditure at the household level in Nigeria with specific focus on the household and individual unique characteristics. It presents some stylised facts about the Nigerian health system and its financing options. It went further to show that household is the major financial organ of healthcare in Nigeria. The study aims to expand the domain of household health expenditure by analysing at national, urban and rural levels. Design/methodology/approach It adopted Engel curve approach, which was estimated using ordinary least squares technique. The model was structured to take care of life-cycle implications by examining effects of age in years and age groups (0-9, 10-19, 20-39, 40-59 and 60+) on healthcare spending. Data were drawn from the 2010 Harmonised Nigeria Living Standards Survey (HNLSS) conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics and analyses were conducted nationally, for urban and rural locations. Findings The result shows that individual characteristics like age, religion, education and household characteristics like income, size and headship commonly influence healthcare expenditure in Nigeria significantly. The household-level variables possess stronger significant effects among the rural households while marital status and employment had differential effects in both urban and rural locations. It also confirmed that Nigeria engages in intergenerational transfer of healthcare by the working population to the young and older generations. Research limitations/implications HNLSS was only limited to those who were sick or injured in the last two weeks preceding the survey, leaving out those whose sickness preceded the two weeks before the survey. Also, the scope of health expenditure is limited to curative care spending that exclude expenses on preventive care, rehabilitative care as well as other cost-saving services. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to examine the determinants of household health expenditure at the national, urban and rural locations.
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Nwose, Ezekiel. "Gestational diabetes management postpartum in primary healthcare facilities: Mini review update on Delta State Nigeria." Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports 2, no. 7 (October 5, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/040.
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In this piece of the series on primary health care (PHC) as a ‘central hub’ role in health systems of Delta State Nigeria, focus is on gestational diabetes screening and postpartum follow up. Antenatal services offered by the governmental health system are rarely available in PHC facilities. Based on preliminary reports from ongoing studies, this narrative review articulates the potential of PHC to offer antenatal services including gestational diabetes screening and postpartum follow up. The basic evidence and need to enhance behavioural change wheel among all stakeholders, including but not limited to both the healthcare providers and community members, are presented.
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Dogara, Abdulrahman, Saber W. Hamad, Muhammad Usman, Salisu Muhammad Tahir, Namadi Sunusi, and Abdulkadir Yunusa. "Therapeutic plants used for Typhoid Fever treatment in Kaduna State Nigeria." Al-Qadisiyah Journal Of Pure Science 26, no. 4 (August 21, 2021): 466–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29350/qjps.2021.26.4.1432.
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For ages, medicinal plants play a significant role in the effective, affordable, and safe healthcare system. Medicinal plants continue to play an important role in Nigeria's healthcare system, which serves more than 70% of the country's population. For pharmaceutical exploration and conservation, it is important to document the use of medicinal plants in a specific region across time. The study's goal was to find out which plants were used to treat typhoid illness in Kaduna state. The in-depth interview guide was utilized in conjunction with an expert method and non-random probability sampling. The study discovered and recorded 31 plant species from 25 families that are used by Kaduna residents to cure typhoid diseases. Plants with a 0.45 value of relative frequency citation were documented. The highest relative frequency of citation (0.9) and fidelity level (90%) are found in Garcinia mangostana, Senna alata, Moringa oleifera, and Hibiscus sabdariffa, respectively. In Nigeria, traditional medicinal knowledge is guarded by elderly people. The study discovered plant species that could be used as a potential source of anti typhoid in Nigeria.
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Olakunde, Babayemi O., Daniel A. Adeyinka, John O. Olawepo, Jennifer R. Pharr, Chamberline E. Ozigbu, Sabastine Wakdok, Tolu Oladele, and Echezona E. Ezeanolue. "Towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria: a health system perspective of the achievements and challenges." International Health 11, no. 4 (April 27, 2019): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz018.
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Abstract Despite its scaled-up response for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), Nigeria still contributes the greatest number of infants infected with HIV worldwide. Drawing on our knowledge, and review of policy documents and research papers, we explored the achievements and challenges in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria using the WHO’s health systems framework. We found that Nigeria has increased the number of PMTCT sites, decentralized and integrated PMTCT care for expanded service delivery, adopted task-shifting to address the shortage of skilled healthcare providers, explored alternative sources of domestic funding to bridge the funding gap and harmonized the health management information system to improve data quality. Some of the challenges we identified included: difficulty in identifying HIV-infected pregnant women because of low uptake of antenatal care; interrupted supplies of medical commodities; knowledge gaps among healthcare workers; and lack of a national unique identifying system to enhance data quality. While there have been some achievements in the PMTCT program, gaps still exist in the different blocks of the health system. Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Nigeria will require the implementation of feasible, culturally acceptable and sustainable interventions to address the health system-related challenges.
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Pezzuto, Ivo. "Making Healthcare Systems More Efficient and Sustainable in Emerging and Developing Economies Through Disruptive Innovation: The Case of Nigeria." Journal of Management and Sustainability 9, no. 2 (August 29, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v9n2p1.
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This paper focuses on the potential opportunities that disruptive innovation may bring to the healthcare sector of emerging and developing economies, and in particular to the one of the leading Sub-Saharan Africa’s country, Nigeria. The author examines the possibility of using advancements in the innovation of Technology 4.0 to bridge the gap in access to what could be defined as “good enough” healthcare services for poorer regions of the world while also aiming to potentially reduce healthcare costs and making the local healthcare systems more sustainable, productive, and accessible. Nigerian health industry is used as an exploratory case study to examine the feasibility of implementing Mobile Health and Telehealth Systems, and more in general, to assess the potential benefits of disruptive innovations in the healthcare industry for the lower income patients of emerging and developing economies. This analysis on disruptive innovation, industry competitiveness, and sustainability of the healthcare models is inspired by Michael Porter’s Creating Shared Value (CSV) strategic framework (Porter et al., 2011; 2018) and by Clayton Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory (Christensen et al., 1997; 2000; 2004; 2006; 2013; 2015, 2017). This study also aims to provide a compelling argument supporting the thesis that disruptive innovations in the healthcare system can help grant access to critical basic healthcare services in poor regions of the world while also achieving multiple goals such as, sustainability, efficiency, shared-value creation, and corporate profitability for forward-looking firms with scalable and disruptive business models. Ultimately, the paper aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of disruptive innovation, sustainability, and creating shared-value strategies, assessing the feasibility of solutions that may drive to improved competitiveness, social progress, social inclusion, and sustainability of the healthcare industry in one of the developing economies. The results of this study aim to prove that, in the coming years, disruptive innovations are likely to redefine the competitive environment of the healthcare industry and improve the healthcare conditions of the poorer, underserved, and underreached population of developing and emerging economies like Nigeria, thus increasing their life expectancy rates.
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Chukwuani, Chinyere Mercellina, Akindeji Olugboji, Edward Erdorga Akuto, Akim Odebunmi, Ezenta Ezeilo, and Emmanuel Ugbene. "A baseline survey of the Primary Healthcare System in South Eastern Nigeria." Health Policy 77, no. 2 (July 2006): 182–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2005.07.006.
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Oluwatayo, Isaac B. "Healthcare Service Delivery System and Households’ Welfare Status in Urban Southwest Nigeria." Journal of Human Ecology 50, no. 2 (May 2015): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2015.11906872.
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Menegbo, Emmanuel. "Geographical analysis of health facilities in port Har-court city local government area, rivers state, Nigeria a case study of rivers state, Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 5, no. 2 (September 16, 2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v5i2.7550.
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One of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which 2015 was the target date for its achievement now sustainable goal is stopping the spread of diseases that are preventable. GIS measures coverage, access and pattern's utilization of healthcare services and is important in the research, management, and planning of Healthcare facilities and system. This work, therefore, investigates the spatial distributions of healthcare facilities in Port Harcourt city LGA in Rivers State, Nigeria. Primary data was acquired using GPS handheld receiver and Secondary data such as the attribute (population data, names of hospitals) and spatial data (administrative map, road, and settlement) obtained from government official records. Data obtain shown on a map the spatial distributions of health facilities and access road to the facilities. The result also depicts a spatial distribution's pattern of healthcare facilities and thus insight gain in access to healthcare facilities and services in the LGA.
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Adeke, Azuka Stephen, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Muhammad Shakir Balogun, and Augustine Nonso Odili. "Essential medicines and technology for hypertension in primary healthcare facilities in Ebonyi State, Nigeria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): e0263394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263394.
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Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) now constitute major cause of morbidity and mortality in middle and low income countries including Nigeria. One of the major efforts at controlling CVDs in Nigeria includes expanding universal access to care through the primary healthcare (PHC) system. The study was to assess essential medicines and technology for control of hypertension in PHC facilities in Ebonyi Nigeria. Methods The study used mixed method cross-sectional survey to assess availability, affordability and accessibility of essential medicines and technology in 45 facilities and among their patients with hypertension (145). Results Most of the PHC facilities (71.1%) assessed were rural. The heads of facilities were mainly community health extension workers (86.7%). One (2.2%) facility had a pharmacy technician. All facilities had been supervised by the regulatory authority in the last one year. Out of 15 anti-hypertensive drugs assessed, 10 were available in some facilities (2.2%–44.4%) but essential drug availability was low (<80%). Only mercury sphygmomanometers were available in all facilities with 82.2% functioning. Stethoscopes were available in all facilities and 95.6% were functional. Glucometers were present in 20.0% of facilities and were all functional. All the respondents (100.0%) reported they could not afford their anti-hypertensive drugs. Median monthly income was 8,000 Nigerian Naira (range = 2,000–52,000). Median monthly cost of anti-hypertensive drugs was 3,500 Naira (range = 1,500–10,000). For 99 (68.3%) of the respondents, the facilities were accessible. Median cost of transportation for care was 400 Naira (range = 100–2,000). Conclusion Gaps still exist in the provision of hypertension control services in PHC facilities in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The essential drugs were not always available, and cost of the drugs were still a challenge to the patients. There is urgent need to expand health insurance coverage to rural communities to ameliorate the catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditures and improve control of CVDs.
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OMOTOSHO, LAWRENCE, KEHINDE SOTONWA, BENJAMIN ADEGOKE, OLUWASHINA OYENIRAN, and JOSHUA OYENIYI. "AN AUTOMATED SKIN DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM BASED ON DEEP LEARNING MODEL." Journal of Engineering Studies and Research 27, no. 3 (January 10, 2022): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i3.287.
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The use of computer technology has significantly advanced the medical sector, and many computer technologies have been used to develop healthcare, such as the patient management system, monitoring and control systems, and diagnostic systems. Technological advances in healthcare have also helped in saving numerous patients and are constantly improving our quality of life. Technology in the medical sector has also had a major effect on almost all healthcare professional techniques and practices. In order to facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment of different skin diseases by the use of a deep learning model, this study developed a comprehensive framework to improve the decision-making of dermatologists in Nigeria in terms of the diagnosis of selected skin diseases. The developed system achieved the network accuracy of 98.44 % and the validation accuracy of the test set is 99.44 % as specified by the training results, further testing reveal that the developed system yielded rejection rate of 2.2 % and recognition accuracy of 97.8 %.
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Adegbore, Adebayo Muritala, and Akinyosoye Tolulope Omowumi. "Factors Influencing Electronic Medical Record Systems Success in Selected Tertiary Healthcare Facilities in South-West, Nigeria." Information Impact: Journal of Information and Knowledge Management 12, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/iijikm.v12i1.2.
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Survey research design of the correlational type was employed for this study using stratified random sampling to select two hundred and forty-five (245) respondents. The research instrument which was a structured questionnaire was tagged Adoption Factors and Usage Evaluation of Electronic medical record systems System Success. A total of 222 copies research questionnaire were filled and returned. A statistical package for social science application was used in analysing the results of the research using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient for hypotheses one and two, and multiple regression analysis for the hypotheses three and four. The result from the study revealed that there was a positive significant correlation between adoption factors and EMRS systems’ success (r= 0.440) and there was a strong positive correlation between usage evaluation and system success of EMRS in the two healthcare facilities (r= 0.618). More so, findings showed that adoption factors jointly and significantly affect EMRS system success with coefficient of 0.648, and a multiple R square of 0.420. And there was also a relative contribution of adoption factors (β = 0.215) and usage evaluation (0.526) on EMRS success. The study concludes that electronic medical record systems have become a standard for every healthcare facility for improvement in the efficiency and profitability of the organisations. The study therefore recommends that, all healthcare facilities in Nigeria should adopt the electronic medical record systems, and all healthcare providers should be given thorough training on the use of EMRS.
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Alonge, S. K. "PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DONATIONS." African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 1, no. 2 (December 8, 2020): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v1i2.96.
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Primary Health Care (PHC) provides the most viable route towards achieving health related sustainable development goals (SDGs) and is crucial to the achievement of other SDGs. Given the importance of primary health care, nations across the world devote considerable effort and resources towards establishing and maintaining effective PHC systems. In Nigeria, domestic spending on the health sector has been declining while foreign donations towards improving primary health care have been on the increase. However, recent global trends and the imminent expiry of deadlines for a number of foreign donations point toward a not too distant future without foreign donations for health care system improvements. This constitutes a development challenge. Even though foreign donations have yielded some positive health outcomes, the effect of foreign donations on the primary health care system is unclear. The study set out to examine the amount and effect of foreign donations on the primary health care system in Nigeria. The paper combined qualitative methodology and analysis of literature to investigate the present state of primary healthcare, identify the setbacks to full development of primary healthcare in Nigeria and examined the effects of foreign donations on the primary health care system in Nigeria. The paper found that foreign donations have been increasing but have also led to the perpetuation of a non-committal attitude towards increasing domestic spending on health and the neglect of health system strengthening. Therefore, the paper recommends timely and steady increase in domestic funding for health along with the strengthening of the health system towards creating an effective primary health care system with or without foreign donations.
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Yunana, Paul Rambe. "Healthcare Waste Management Practices in Jalingo: A Reflection of the State of Healthcare System in Taraba State, Nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 4, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.04.04.art017.
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Fraiwan, Arwa, Muhammad Noman Hasan, Ran An, Amy J. Rezac, Nicholas J. Kocmich, Tolulope Oginni, Grace Mfon Olanipekun, et al. "Advancing Healthcare Outcomes for Sickle Cell Disease in Nigeria Using Mobile Health Tools." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131344.
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Nigeria leads the world in the number of cases of sickle cell disease (SCD). An estimated 150,000 babies are born annually in Nigeria with SCD, a heredity disorder, and 70-90% die before age 5. Only a small portion of affected infants and children in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) reach adolescence. Over 650 children die per day in sub-Saharan Africa from SCD. These dismal statistics are in sharp contrast to outcomes in high-income countries (HICs) where more than 90% of SCD patients reach adulthood. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 70% of deaths could be prevented with a low cost diagnostic and treatment plan. Meaningful preventive care and treatment cannot be implemented without a structured plan for early diagnosis and patient tracking.Early diagnosis requires improved access to parents and guardians of children with SCD, and gaining this access remains a challenge in most of SSA. In 2015, Nigeria's Kano state government, with support from foreign partners, established a community-based program for newborn registration. This platform provides unique access to newborn babies in one of Nigeria's most populous cities, but still lacks a functioning patient testing, tracking, and monitoring system, which we plan to address in our ongoing study. This study will introduce mobile health in a low-income country with low literacy rate and hopefully accustom that segment of the population to more varied mobile health applications that will ultimately improve their health in the long run. Our current operational platform in Kano, Nigeria provides access to a large population with a high prevalence of SCD. We have previously completed pilot testing of 315 subjects for SCD using our microchip electrophoresis test. We are planning to test up to 4,500 additional subjects less than 5 years of age at Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital. The hospital staff includes 97 physicians and 415 nurses and outpatient clinics serve about 30,000 patients monthly. The maternity department has a 200-bed capacity and the antenatal clinic performs about 1,000 deliveries and serves an average of 3,000 mothers monthly. Enrollment is planned to start on September 15, 2019 and medical staff are currently being trained to run the tests. Our study is registered in the United States National Library of Medicine's ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03948516). Our technology is uniquely paired with an automatic reader and an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and patient management solution to record POC test results, register new cases, and track patients for follow-up (Fig. 1). The reader enables automated interpretation of test results, local and remote test data storage, and includes geolocation (Global Positioning System) (Fig. 2). The system will generate reports for all cases of SCD, track hospital visits, appointments, lab tests, and will have mobile and dashboard applications for tracking patients and samples. The application will be installed on mobile devices provided to users. The proposed system will be compliant with the existing privacy standards to handle medical data (e.g., HIPAA in the US and GDPR in the EU). All communications between the parties will be secured via end-to-end encryption as a safeguard. We anticipate that our project will increase the rates of screening, diagnosis and timely treatment of SCD in Kano State of Nigeria. The project's broader impact will likely be the ability to track and monitor screening, disease detection, diagnosis and treatment, which can be scaled up to the whole nation of Nigeria, then to sub-Saharan Africa. The data obtained and analyzed will be the first of their kind and will be used to inform the design of programs to improve access to, and availability of, effective care for this underserved populations. The importance of increased access to diagnosis and treatment should not be underestimated - it is crucial for realizing effective management of people with SCD. The impact can be enhanced by complementing diagnosis and patient tracking with education for the families so they can provide or seek the necessary preventative treatment. Identification of the location of the patients in need would help identify the areas where family, parent, caregiver education should be provided. Disclosures Fraiwan: Hemex Health, Inc.: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. Hasan:Hemex Health, Inc.: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. An:Hemex Health, Inc.: Patents & Royalties. Thota:Hemex Health, Inc.: Employment. Gurkan:Hemex Health, Inc.: Consultancy, Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.
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Ojo, Adebowale Ifeoluwa. "Repositioning health information management practice in Nigeria: Suggestions for Africa." Health Information Management Journal 47, no. 3 (October 4, 2017): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1833358317732008.
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The significance of health information management practice to the effectiveness of a healthcare delivery system cannot be overemphasised. A well-structured and coordinated health information management system has been known to generate the information needed for decision-making at all levels of healthcare delivery. However, the state of health information management in Nigeria, as is the case in most African countries, is a cause for concern. Observation and past studies have highlighted challenges facing the practice of health information management in Africa to be centred around the quality of professional training, inadequately qualified practitioners, disgruntled practitioners, government’s indifference towards the practice, lack of policies and inadequate technological infrastructure among others. This article examines some of the challenges facing health information management practice in Nigeria and makes recommendations that may uplift the profession.
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Fox, Grace, Yvonne O'Connor, Emmanuel Eze, Edmund Onyemaechi Ndibuagu, and Ciara Heavin. "End Users' Initial Perceptions of mHealth in Nigeria." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 11, no. 4 (October 2020): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2020100104.
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Mobile health (mHealth) is perceived as a “silver bullet” solution to many of the existing healthcare delivery issues in developing regions. However, the design, development, piloting, implementation, and maintenance activities associated with mHealth are significant. Fundamental to the success of mHealth is stakeholder support within the healthcare system. A qualitative exploratory approach using interviews, presentations, and focus groups was pursued to investigate primary healthcare (PHC) workers' initial perceptions of the proposed IMPACT app to support the assessment of sick young children in the community in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. PHC workers welcomed the prospect of using the IMPACT app. However, they were keen to highlight local infrastructural challenges and lack of access to training as barriers to the wider rollout of the IMPACT app. Through investigating PHC workers' initial perceptions, mHealth projects may be better designed to positively influence end users' commitment and motivation to use mHealth as part of their roles in the future.
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Soyemi, T. "Neglect of common infectious disease outbreaks during the COVID-19 pandemic: an impending crisis in Nigeria?" African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 2 (April 7, 2021): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.2.
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Infectious diseases are major challenges of healthcare system in Nigeria. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID19) pandemic has disrupted many systems including healthcare at all levels by creating disparities in the treatment, prevention, resource allocation and control of diseases in Nigeria. Premised on the foundation of circulating news and fact-checking platforms, this paper provides empirical evidence on varying perceptions on COVID-19 pandemic and apparent neglect of other infectious diseases while giving a critical analysis andcomparison between them.
Keywords: COVID-19; infectious diseases; neglect; Nigeria
French title: Négliger les flambées de maladies infectieuses courantes pendantla pandémie COVID-19: une crise imminente au Nigeria?
Les maladies infectieuses sont des défis majeurs du système de santé au Nigeria. La pandémie de coronavirus19 (COVID-19) a perturbé de nombreux systèmes, y compris les soins de santé à tous les niveaux, en créant des disparités dans le traitement, la prévention, l'allocation des ressources et le contrôle des maladies au Nigéria. Fondé sur la diffusion d'informations et de plates-formes de vérification des faits, cet article fournit des preuves empiriques sur les différentes perceptions de la pandémie de COVID-19 et la négligence apparente d'autres maladies infectieuses tout en fournissant une analyse critique et une comparaison entre elles.
Mots clés: COVID-19; maladies infectieuses; négligence; Nigeria
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Oluchukwu F., Anowor, Nwonye Nnenna Georgina, Okorie George Chisom, and Ojiogu Michael C. "Health Outcomes and Agricultural Output in Nigeria." International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, no. 55 (May 10, 2019): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ijefr.55.106.111.
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Attaining sustainable agricultural development in any economy indubitably points towards ensuring improved quality of life and enough food for both present and future generations. The need to understand the links between agricultural output and health outcomes necessitates an inquiry to ascertain the extent the changes in health outcomes can influence agricultural output. This study using the dynamic error correction built an econometric model such that mortality rate and life expectancy are proxies for health outcomes while agricultural output is the dependent variable; HIV/AIDS is the dummy. Results showed that HIV/AIDS has lethal effects on health outcomes and aggregate output. It revealed that health outcomes also have significant impact on agricultural output potentials; and there is a causal relationship between health outcomes and agricultural output in Nigeria. This implies that if the healthcare system in Nigeria can be taken as a policy priority, a tremendous increase in the agricultural sector is unarguably expected. A simultaneous front involving both the public and private sectors in extending the healthcare services is necessary to enable workers and prospective workers access to healthcare delivery; this will invariably boost the agricultural output.
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Tanimu, Tanko Salihu, Godpower Chinedu Michael, Aliyu Ibrahim, Bukar Alhaji Grema, and Abubakar Abiso Mohammed. "Awareness of family medicine discipline among clinical medical students of Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria." South African Family Practice 59, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v59i5.4767.
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Introduction: Undergraduate medical education requires the studying of a wide range of medical specialties to produce the future workforce of the healthcare system. Family medicine (FM), a relatively new specialty in Nigeria, aims at supplying doctors capable of providing comprehensive healthcare for the majority of the population. However, many Nigerian medical schools (Bayero University inclusive) are yet to include FM in their undergraduate curriculum.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 178 respondents randomly and proportionately selected from 400-, 500- and 600-level medical students of Bayero University Kano. Using a structured questionnaire, their awareness of FM discipline, specialty preferences, factors influencing specialty preferences and their views on the relevance of FM in improving health systems were assessed.
Results: A majority of the respondents (60.7%) were males and most (93.8%) had heard of FM. However, only 19.7% of respondents were aware that FM was taught in the undergraduate programme of medical schools; 86% were aware of a postgraduate FM programme. FM (22.5%) was the second most preferred specialty following surgery (23.6%). Personal interest in the specialty was the main (76.5%) reason for preference. Only 2.9% believed the postgraduate training for FM had a longer duration. All respondents believed FM was relevant as a specialty.
Conclusion: The knowledge and perception of the FM discipline among clinical medical students of Bayero University was good. They expressed that FM was relevant in the healthcare system as shown in their preference for the specialty, which ranked second among other specialties.
(Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp)
S Afr Fam Pract 2017; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2017.1313487
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Olajubu, Aanuoluwapo O., Sunday J. Ayamolowo, Oluwatosin A. Okiti, Temitope O. Olajubu, Olajumoke Adeyeye, and Adekemi E. Olowokere. "Determinants of male involvement in maternal healthcare services in southwest Nigeria." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2020.0017.
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Background/Aims In Nigeria, women's partners are often excluded from taking part in maternal healthcare, as a result of sociocultural norms. However, the involvement of male partners in maternal healthcare services has the potential to improve maternal health outcomes. This study examined factors associated with male involvement in maternal healthcare services in Ife Central, Osun State, Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 265 men living in Ife Central who were married with at least one child, selected by multistage sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to assess men's knowledge of their expected roles in maternal healthcare, their perception of male involvement, and their current level of involvement in their spouse's healthcare. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were carried out to identify predictors of active male involvement in maternal healthcare, at a significance of P<0.05. Results Approximately half (55.6%) of the respondents had good knowledge of the expected role of men in maternal healthcare services and 76.6% had a positive perception of this role. Overall, less than half (47.6%) of the participants were actively involved in maternal healthcare services. The participants most frequently reported that men's involvement was influenced by their degree of knowledge (92.4%), job schedule (92.0%), and clinic waiting time (86.4%), among others. Age (odds ratio=2.33, P=0.038), educational status (odds ratio=2.42, P=0.004) religion (odds ratio=2.34, P=0.012), occupation (odds ratio=2.81, P<0.001) and level of knowledge (odds ratio=2.34, P=0.001) were found to be significantly associated with men's level of involvement in maternal healthcare services. However, only good level of knowledge (adjusted odds ratio=2.32, P=0.004) emerged as an independent predictor of men's level of involvement in maternal healthcare services. Conclusions The study concluded that men's involvement in maternal healthcare services was low, despite their positive perception towards it. Less than half of the participants had good knowledge regarding men's role in maternal healthcare, and this factor was identified as a significant predictor of level of involvement. Programmes and policies should aim to enhance men's knowledge of their role in maternal healthcare, and it may be necessary to restructure the healthcare delivery system to be more male friendly.
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Adedokun, Ayoade, Oladipo Idris, and Tolulope Odujoko. "Patients’ willingness to utilize a SMS-based appointment scheduling system at a family practice unit in a developing country." Primary Health Care Research & Development 17, no. 02 (April 8, 2015): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463423615000213.
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AimThe investigators aimed to assess the willingness of patients to utilize and pay for a proposed short message service- (SMS) based appointment scheduling service.BackgroundTelecommunication applications have been introduced to improve the delivery of healthcare services in developed countries; however, public-funded healthcare systems in developing countries like Nigeria are mostly unfamiliar with the use of such technologies for improving healthcare access.MethodsWe proposed a SMS-based (text message) appointment scheduling system to consenting subjects at an outpatients’ clinic and explored their willingness to utilize and pay for the service. Using semi-structured interview schedules, we collected information on: estimated arrival time, most important worry when seeking for healthcare services at public hospitals in the study setting, ownership of a mobile phone, willingness to utilize a SMS-based appointment for clinic visits and willingness to pay for the service. In addition, respondents were asked to suggest a tariff for the proposed system.FindingsA total of 500 consecutively recruited patients aged 16–86 (42.1±15.4) years participated; 54% (n=270) were females. Waiting time ranged from 1–7.5 h (3.9±1.1). Two overlapping themes emerged as most important worries: crowded waiting rooms and long waiting time. Ownership of mobile phones was reported by 96.4% (n=482) of subjects. Nearly all favoured the proposed appointment scheduling system (n=486, 97.2%). Majority of patients who favoured the system were willing to pay for the service (n=484, 99.6%). Suggested tariff ranged from 0.03 to 20.83 (1.53±2.11) US dollars; 89.8% (n=349) of the subjects suggested tariffs that were greater than the prevailing retail cost of the proposed service. In sum, our findings indicate that patients in this study were willing to utilize and pay for a proposed SMS-based appointment scheduling system. The findings have implications for policies aimed at improving healthcare access and delivery of healthcare services at the primary care level in developing countries like Nigeria.
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Nuhu A., Seidu. "RELIGIOUS COMMITMENT AS A PREDICTOR OF HEALTHCARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR AMONG RURAL DWELLERS IN KOGI STATE." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13651.
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In recent years, efforts have been devoted to enhancing the health care system of Nigeria to provide efficient and reliable health care services to the people. However, insinuations suggest that many people are not utilizing the available healthcare facilities, especially in rural communities. Perhaps, religious attachment is a significant determinant of several behavioral domains. The present study aimed to examine variations in HSB among the rural dwellers of Kogi State, Nigeria, based on religious commitment. Two hundred and sixty-nine Muslim and Christian worshipers chosen from religious centers in different locations of the state participated in the study. The respondents completed a self-report measure of healthcare-seeking behavior and the religious commitment inventory. The result of regression analysis indicated a positive influence of religious commitment on healthcare-seeking behaviors in rural populations. It was concluded that religious commitment should be included in the focus of the healthcare providers in providing all-inclusive care for rural dwellers in Kogi state.
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Nwankwo, Ogonna N. O., Chukwuebuka I. Ugwu, Grace I. Nwankwo, Michael A. Akpoke, Collins Anyigor, Uzoma Obi-Nwankwo, Sunday Andrew, Kelechukwu Nwogu, and Neil Spicer. "A qualitative inquiry of rural-urban inequalities in the distribution and retention of healthcare workers in southern Nigeria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 29, 2022): e0266159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266159.
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Introduction Globally, the population in rural communities are disproportionately cared for by only 25% and 38% of the total physicians and nursing staff, respectively; hence, the poor health outcomes in these communities. This condition is worse in Nigeria by the critical shortage of skilled healthcare workforce. This study aimed to explore factors responsible for the uneven distribution of healthcare workers (physicians and nurses) to rural areas of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methods Qualitative data were obtained using semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions from purposively selected physicians, nurses, and policymakers in the state. Data was analysed for themes related to factors influencing the mal-distribution of healthcare workers (physicians and nurses) to rural areas. The qualitative analysis involved the use of both inductive and deductive reasoning in an iterative manner. Results This study showed that there were diverse reasons for the uneven distribution of skilled healthcare workers in Ebonyi State. This was broadly classified into three themes; socio-cultural, healthcare system, and personal healthcare workers’ intrinsic factors. The socio-cultural factors include symbolic capital and stigma while healthcare system and governance issues include poor human resources for health policy and planning, work resources and environment, decentralization, salary differences, skewed distribution of tertiary health facilities to urban area and political interference. The intrinsic healthcare workers’ factors include career progression and prospect, negative effect on family life, personal characteristics and background, isolation, personal perceptions and beliefs. Conclusions There may be a need to implement both non-financial and financial actions to encourage more urban to rural migration of healthcare workers (physicians and nurses) and to provide incentives for the retention of rural-based health workers.
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Kola-Mustapha, Adeola, and Margaret Ilomuanya. "The COVID-19 response in Nigeria: Adequate protection of a fragile healthcare delivery system." Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2021.2.
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Olademo, Oyeronke. "Women, Religion and Health Policy in a Nigerian Community." Oguaa Journal of Religion and Human Values 4 (June 1, 2018): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ojorhv.v4i.351.
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Focusing in recent decades on the city of Ilorin, in Kwara State, southwest Nigeria, I propose to consider the interrelationships and tension between religious convictions and healthcare policy, as a case study for evaluating the status of women in the Nigerian polity. My resolve on this approach is informed by the pervasive religiosity of the Nigerian nation and by the minimal attention accorded religion in policy formation and Nigerian women. The correlation between philosophy and religion mandates the serious consideration of religion in policy formation and execution. One foremost example is the case of Kwara State’s health sector, especially noticeable in policies concerning child and maternal mortality. I intend to investigate the underlining principles among the people for certain practices that have presented serious challenges to health care policies and their implementation. While three major religions of Nigeria are adequately represented in Ilorin, Islam prevails over Christian and indigenous religions. Although the Islamic system of sharia is not practiced as the sole judicial system in Ilorin, Kwara State, the implications of sharia, which is practiced in conjunction with the civil justice system, for the status of women is apparent. An attempt will be made to proffer explanations and answers where applicable to critical questions. What is the role of religion in women’s identity formation? How does this role affect women’s status in the society and health programs in Nigeria e. g maternal and child health and education policies? How may an appreciation of the status of women in the religious sector affect their reception and utilization of official health policies? Are there mutual avenues that accommodate the religious identity of women and explicate health issues? How may religion serve as a prism for re-evaluating the state’s health care policy for women?
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Pantuvo, Jerry S., Raouf Naguib, and N. Wickramasinghe. "Towards Implementing a Nationwide Electronic Health Record System in Nigeria." International Journal of Healthcare Delivery Reform Initiatives 3, no. 1 (January 2011): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhdri.2011010104.
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The World Health Organization identified inadequate Health Information Systems as a challenge in Nigeria. Many developed countries have either implemented or are in the process of implementing an Integrated Electronic Health Record (EHR) system because of its potential benefits. Pilot projects in many developing countries like Kenya, Malawi, Peru, and Haiti are demonstrating the viability of EHR in resource constrained areas. This study shows that the health system in Nigeria is pluralistic and complex with Federal, State and Local Governments, Health Related Agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations, private healthcare providers, patients, and researchers as the major stakeholders. The drivers for adoption of a nationwide EHR include the need to report data; improve patient safety, improve work place efficiency; comply with government reforms aimed at reducing the cost and increasing access to health services. Corruption, poor coordination among stakeholders, and lack of constant supply of electricity are some of the barriers to a successful implementation of a nationwide EHR. Factors considered critical to a successful implementation of a nationwide EHR include enforceable legislation, a trained and motivated workforce, and significant and sustainable funding.
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Giménez-Llort, L., EK Oghagbon, F. Dogo, M. Ogiator, and J. Prieto-Pino. "438 - Nigerian women are more susceptible to the impact of diabetes-and-dementia: State-of-art, Future perspectives and Directions." International Psychogeriatrics 32, S1 (October 2020): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610220002902.
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Among the preventable complications of diseases that require urgent effective health literacy programs in sub-Saharan Africa, crosstalk between diabetes and dementia stands out for women's health. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in midlife is a recognised risk factor for dementia. This crosstalk is more significant in persons of African ancestry. Globally, the prevalence of DM will increase dramatically in the next few years with 75% of cases living in low-to-middle-income countries. Some major risk factors for DM2 accelerates the development of dementia in Africa-Americans, thus leading to higher prevalence of dementia compared to Caucasians. It is known that 58% of the global 46.8 million dementia subjects lives in economically developing countries. This proportion may reach 63% and 68% in 12 and 32 years' time, respectively. Females are 1.5 times likely to develop dementia, but sub-Saharan Africa women have a disproportionately two-to-eight fold increased dementia risk. In the eye of this storm is Nigeria which is home to the highest number of diabetics in Africa. Diabetes prevalence in the country is rising parallel to increased incidence of obesity, hypertension and rising population age. The socioeconomic impact of increasing prevalence of DM2 and dementia will be unsustainable for Nigeria healthcare system, given the experiences in developed economies. This study analyses the current situation of women's health in Nigeria, and explore future policy directions. The complex interplay of factors involved in the DM2-dementia crosstalk in Nigerian women include those due to biological processes (metabolic syndrome, vascular damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and anaemia), nutritional habits and sedentary lifestyles. Other factors that predisposes Nigerian diabetic women to dementia are, restricted resources, lack of visibility and poor health management. They add up to increase the burden of disease in the Nigerian woman, irrespective of age. We advise urgent implementation of heath policies and actions that will increase ratio of mental health professionals / number of patients, especially in rural areas and the establishment of proactive primary healthcare centres. Importantly, interventions targeting adolescents and adult women, and others specific to mother- child interactions, are strongly needed in Nigeria and the sub-region for mitigating dementia in women.
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Ilesanmi, Olayinka, and Aanuoluwapo Afolabi. "Time to Move from Vertical to Horizontal Approach in our COVID-19 Response in Nigeria." SciMedicine Journal 2 (August 8, 2020): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2020-02-si-3.
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The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has adversely affected the already weak health system in Nigeria. The choice of whether to use vertical or integrated approach in solving health problems is determined by the peculiarity of the challenges. Vertical programs imply a variety of specific interventions that have not been fully integrated into the health system. The COVID-19 response in Nigeria still operates almost a vertical approach which is headed by the Federal Government through the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). Vertical healthcare programs address health problems through the application of specific measure(s). However, vertical approach alone has proved insufficient in the containment and control of COVID-19. The health system with the integrated services option is required in the proper management of COVID-19. The development of strategies by policymakers is required in the integration of COVID-19 response into the national health system.
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Muhammad Asmawi Ibrahim and Ahmed AhmedOlaitan. "Traditional healthcare practices: Growing demands and emerging trends." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 069–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.13.2.0296.
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The issue of health is seen as an accomplishment of harmonious integration of an individual with the entire universe, both spiritual and material. Thus understanding the issue of health and illness is predicted to hinge on a variety of diversified and distinctive factors such as cultural, geographical, social, political and economic dimensions. Due to this circumstance, many societies have a case to develop a healthcare system being acknowledged as an indispensable sphere to tackle a variety of health-and life-threatening ailments and diseases of their members. It is within this context that this paper reviews certain phenomena and factors galvanising the people in Nigeria to seek their healthcare needs in traditional healthcare which include its accessibility and acceptability, low cost treatment practitioners proximity, potency and efficacy, herbal formulations, enhancement of services and practices among others. The paper went further to highlight some emerging trends in this form of healthcare system.
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Lateef, Adepeju M., and Euphemia M. Mhlongo. "Trends in Patient-Centered Care in South West Nigeria: A Holistic Assessment of the Nurses Perception of Primary Healthcare Practice." Global Journal of Health Science 12, no. 6 (April 14, 2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n6p73.
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BACKGROUND: A key dimension of a quality healthcare to patients is patient-centered care approach which is increasingly gaining recognition worldwide. However, this concept is not fully implemented in practice.
AIM: The aim of this study is to provide outcomes from assessment of nurses’ perceptions about patient-centered care and the current trends in Primary Health Care system in South West Nigeria.
METHODS: This study employed a qualitative participatory action research study approach and conducted a semi-structured individual interview with thirty-five nurses and four focus group discussions in Osun State South West Nigeria Primary Health Care centres.
RESULTS: Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses perceived and described patient-centered care (PCC) as a global approach to improve and enhance nursing care to foster patient participation. The narratives were categorised into two: positive and negative perception. Ten main themes emerged: (I) Attitude of the nurses (ii) Lack of enforcement and implementation, (iii) Experience of the nurses, (iv) Quality-Caring, (v) Effective communication with patient, (vi) Motivated and Proactive healthcare, (vii) Sharpen the form of care, (viii) Outcome and after-effect driven healthcare, (ix) Approved support, and (x) Guarantor of service and motivation.
CONCLUSION: Our participatory action research study on the assessment of nurses’ perception on the utilization of PCC at the PHC for effective and quality healthcare service revealed the importance of nurses’ role, acceptability of PCC and current nursing care practice at the Primary Health Care (PHC) rural community setting. Nurses as healthcare providers expressed PCC as a common and global approach that would enhance patient experiences and improves the quality of nursing healthcare delivery through integration of PCC and healthcare service at the PHC healthcare system.
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Opayele, Blessing F., Beatrice M. Ohaeri, Iyanuoluwa O. Ojo, and Oluwatoyin Babarimisa. "Preconception Care: An Untapped Route towards Reducing Infant and Maternal Mortality in Nigeria." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 4, no. 6 (December 29, 2022): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2022.4.6.1542.
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The aim of preconception care is to reduce parental risk factors before pregnancy through health promotion and intervention which reduces maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Healthcare providers play important roles in providing this care to women and men of childbearing age. In Nigeria however, the implementation of preconception care by healthcare providers remains low. In this review, an overview of preconception care in Nigeria and the barriers that affects its delivery will be explored. Peer reviewed articles were searched using key words related to preconception care and implementation of the care by healthcare providers. Publications were deemed eligible if they reported on preconception care and barriers influencing the provision of preconception care. A careful analysis of existing literatures on the topic shows that, there is a low understanding of preconception care among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Furthermore, preconception care is not yet widely practiced in the Nigeria as part of health care due to unplanned and recurrent pregnancies, high parity, poor health care seeking behavior and low level of maternal health care. In view of the aforementioned challenges, there is a need to develop and implement preconception policies and guidelines to be applied in the existing health care system. Considering the importance of this care in improving pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, there is a need to educate and engage members of the society as well as health care providers in its importance and delivery.
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Okpe, Comfort Ene. "Health Care Delivery System and the Reduction of Maternal and Child Mortality in Hospitals of Makurdi Benue State Nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.10.01.art027.
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The objectives of this publication are to find the historical background of maternal and child health care delivery, the incidence of maternal and child mortality, causes of maternal and child mortality, challenges in accessing maternal health care services of Nigeria. Data for the study were sourced from both primary and secondary means. Primary data was drawn through questionnaire and hospital records. Questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 369 respondents out of 4,740 population of staff of four purposely selected largest hospitals in Makurdi, Benue State. The sample size was determined through Taro Yamane’s formula, while the Bourley’s proportional allocation formula was used to determine the sample size per each hospital. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like tables, percentages, mean and standard deviation, while the test of hypotheses were done through Chi-square. The analyzed result shows that; the availability of maternal and child health care services in the hospitals were poor; accessibility of maternal and child health care services was also poor; Furthermore, Maternal and infant mortality is essentially high and increasing in hospitals of Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria. Several challenges are militating against effective healthcare delivery, therefore, the study recommended, among others, that government and other stakeholders should make conscious efforts to ensure that adequate facilities, tools, and equipment are provided for the hospitals to enhance the quality of maternal and child healthcare services in the Benue State of Nigeria.
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Babatunde, Olubayo Moses, Oluwaseye Samson Adedoja, Damilola Elizabeth Babatunde, and Iheanacho Henry Denwigwe. "Off‐grid hybrid renewable energy system for rural healthcare centers: A case study in Nigeria." Energy Science & Engineering 7, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 676–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ese3.314.
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Umegbolu, Emmanuel I., and Innocentia N. Ozoejike. "Management of solid healthcare wastes in some government healthcare facilities in Enugu state, Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 11 (October 25, 2017): 4031. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174813.
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Background: The significance of healthcare wastes (HCWs) consists in their hazardous component, which constitutes real danger to public health. In Nigeria, healthcare waste management (HCWM) has remained a problem yet to be properly recognized and so addressed. The study aimed to sensitise health workers and the public on the need for proper management of HCWs, considering the public health implications of not doing so.Methods: The waste management systems of ten healthcare facilities (HCFs) were assessed, using a modification of the WHO rapid assessment tool. In each HCF, segregated wastes were collected daily for ten days and quantified by weighing, using a spring balance.Results: Administratively, the HCWM system was poor in the ten HCFs (40.6%). 70% of them had satisfactory waste segregation, 81%, good waste treatment, and 26.7% adequate transportation methods for waste. None of the HCFs had budget allocation for HCWM, and 90% had inadequate storage facilities. Mean waste generation was 1.81 kg/day, 0.23 kg/patient/day, 0.16 kg/bed/day, and proportion of infectious wastes 16.8%. Correlation between the number of patients and proportion of infectious waste, was positive, strong and significant (r=0.80, p=0.01), and between bed occupancy rate and proportion of infectious waste, was positive too, but weak, and insignificant (r=0.34, p=0.34).Conclusions: In view of the identified weaknesses of the ten HCFs in HCWM, budget allocations for HCWM, improving waste storage facilities and transportation, with strengthening of waste segregation, collection, and treatment, would help to ensure adequate HCWM in the HCFs.
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Ayodeji Akinbodewa, Akinwumi, Michael Simidele Odimayo, Olorunfemi Akinbode Ogundele, Tosin Oluwapelumi Ogunleye, Olanrewaju Olayinka Johnson, Oluwakemi Abiola Lamidi, Mathew Akinmurele, and Oluwabunmi Motunrayo Oyebade. "Covid-19 pandemic: chronicle of responses and experiences of the infection prevention and control committee at a tertiary hospital in southwest Nigeria." African Health Sciences 21, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 1093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i3.17.
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Since the advent of 2019-Corona virus Disease (COVID-19) in Nigeria in February 2020, the number of confirmed cases has risen astronomically to over 61,307 cases within 8 months with more than 812 healthcare workers infected and some recorded deaths within their ranks. Infection prevention and control is a key component in ensuring safety of healthcare workers in the hospital as health- care-associated infection is one of the most common complications of healthcare management. Unbridled transmission of infection can lead to shortage of healthcare personnel, reduced system efficiency, increased morbidity and mortality among patients and in some instances, total collapse of healthcare delivery services. The Infection Prevention and Control Committee is a recognised group by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention with their core programmes including drawing up activities, procedures and policies designed to achieve above-stated objectives before, during and after any disease outbreak, especially emerging and re-emerging ones such as the 2019 Coronavirus Disease. In this report, we highlight the roles played by the Infection Prevention and Control Committee of the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital to prevent the spread of COVID-19 within and outside the hospital community and the lessons learned to date.
Keywords: COVID-19; infection prevention; infection control; Nigeria.