Journal articles: 'Nickel ores'

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Bajraktari-Gashi, Zarife, Muharrem Zabeli, and Behram Halilaj. "Key Metallurgical Parameters of Fe-Ni Production During 1984–1997 and 2007–2017 at the Ferronickel Smelter in Drenas." Materials and Geoenvironment 67, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rmzmag-2020-0008.

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AbstractDuring 1984–1997, the ferronickel plant in Drenas used iron-nickel ore from the mines of the Republic of Kosovo: Glavica and Çikatove (Dushkaje and Suke) mines. However, during the years 2007–2017, when the plant started operating from the cessation of production, which was from 1998 to 2007, some types of iron-nickel ores from different countries began to be used, starting from iron-nickel ores from Kosovo, iron-nickel ores from Albania, ores from Indonesia, ores from the Philippines, ores from Guatemala, ores from Turkey and ores from Macedonia. The ore composition, however, is mainly oxide-laterite ore. Iron-nickel ores in the plant are characterised by high moisture content, a very important factor influencing the process of scraping the charge in rotary kilns and presenting in general. Among the iron-nickel ore used in the ferronickel plant, the ores from Albania are characterised due to their low moisture content when compared with the other ores as well as the high content of iron oxides, which affect the temperature rise inside the furnaces, as the iron ores play an important role in the pre-casting process in rotary kilns.

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Nguyen, Khanh Tuan, Toi Trung Tran, and Thuat Tien Phung. "Research on treating processes of Nickel Laterite Ores in the world and Vietnam." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 3b (July 20, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(3b).05.

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Laterite nickel ores, accounting for about 70% of total world nickel reserves, are very abundant and considered as an important resource of nickel. However, nickel content of laterite ores are generally low of about 0.5÷2.5% Ni. In addition, nickel minerals are very finely disseminated in the ores, so that traditional separation methods such as froth flotation, gravity method, magnetic method, and electrical separation produce very low recovery efficiency. Currently, the treatment of this type of ores is being intensively studied and directed to use common available processes including: Hydrometallurgical, pyrometallurgical, and reduction roasting - magnetic separation processes. This article aims to summarize typical studies on the characteristics of current laterite nickel ore processing technologies commonly used in the world and in Vietnam. From the review, appropriate direction for treatment of Thanh Hoa - Vietnam laterite nickel ores can be proposed.

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Baslayici, Serkan, Ozan Coban, Mehmet Bugdayci, and Mahmut Ercan Acma. "HYDROMETALLURGICAL NICKEL AND COBALT PRODUCTION FROM LATERITIC ORES: OPTIMIZATION AND COMPARISON OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE LEACHING AND PUG-ROAST-LEACHING PROCESSES." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.27.1.740.

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Corresponding to the technological developments, production and consumption of nickel have increased greatly over time due to its unique mechanical and chemical properties. Therefore, the production of nickel will always keep its importance. The availability of laterite ores, which are oxide type ores, is 86% of the nickel reserves on the Earth, and the processes used in the production of nickel from sulfide type ores have negative environmental effects. Therefore, recovery of nickel from lateritic ores has become increasingly important in recent years. In this study, the aim was to determine the optimum parameters of nickel and cobalt production from limonite type lateritic nickel ores, which were taken from Manisa Caldag region of Turkey, using atmospheric pressure sulfuric acid leaching and pug-roast-leach process. When the results obtained in these processes were compared, it was found that the Ni leaching efficiency is nearly 8% higher and iron leaching efficiency (contamination) is nearly 4% lower in the pug-roast-leach process. Furthermore, the pug-roast-leach process was completed in 33% lower time compared to the atmospheric pressure sulfuric acid leaching process.

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Bobicki, Erin, Qingxia Liu, and Zhenghe Xu. "Microwave Treatment of Ultramafic Nickel Ores: Heating Behavior, Mineralogy, and Comminution Effects." Minerals 8, no. 11 (November 11, 2018): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8110524.

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Ultramafic nickel ores are difficult to process because they contain serpentine, an anisotropic mineral with a nonspherical morphology and multiple pH-dependent surface charges. Dehydroxylation of serpentine in ultramafic nickel ores by microwave treatment is proposed to improve the processability of these ores. Upon heating, serpentine is converted to olivine, an isotropic mineral that is benign in mineral processing circuits. The microwave heating of two ultramafic nickel ores is explored in this paper, as well as effects on mineralogy and grindability. The first ore was sourced from the Okanogan nickel deposit in Washington State, USA, while the second ore was obtained from the Vale-owned Pipe deposit located in the Thomson Nickel Belt in Manitoba, Canada. The ultramafic nickel ores were found to heat well upon exposure to microwave radiation and the heating behaviors were a function of the imaginary permittivities. The temperatures achieved during microwave treatment were sufficient to dehydroxylate serpentine, and the serpentine content in ultramafic nickel ores was reduced by 63–84%. The grindability of ore with consistent texture (OK ore) improved dramatically with microwave treatment, whereas the grindability of ore with inconsistent texture (Pipe ore) was found to decrease. Pentlandite liberation and specific surface area improved for both ores with microwave treatment. Ultimately, microwave pretreatment did not decrease the energy required for grinding under the conditions studied. However, energy savings may be realized when overall process improvements are considered (e.g., grinding, rheology, flotation, material handling, dewatering and tailings treatment).

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Ding, Yun. "Study on the Evolution Characteristics of International Nickel Ores Trade from Perspective of Complex Networks." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302050.

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In order to analyze the evolution characteristics of nickel ores international trade structure, this paper builds up the network model by adopting the complex network theory. Based on the International trade data of nickel ores from 2007 to 2018, we analyze the overall pattern of trade network, core country identification and the power-law distribution analysis. According to the research, it is found that China and the United States have a strong influence in the international nickel ores trading network. The more nickel producing counties participated in this trade and the international nickel ore market commenced to globalization.

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Elliott, R., and C. A. Pickles. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Selective Reduction of a Nickeliferous Limonitic Laterite Ore by Hydrogen." High Temperature Materials and Processes 36, no. 8 (September 26, 2017): 835–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2015-0208.

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AbstractNickeliferous limonitic laterite ores are becoming increasingly attractive as a source of metallic nickel as the costs associated with recovering nickel from the sulphide ores increase. Unlike the sulphide ores, however, the laterite ores are not amenable to concentration by conventional mineral processing techniques such as froth flotation. One potential concentrating method would be the pyrometallurgical solid state reduction of the nickeliferous limonitic ores at relatively low temperatures, followed by beneficiation via magnetic separation. A number of reductants can be utilized in the reduction step, and in this research, a thermodynamic model has been developed to investigate the reduction of a nickeliferous limonitic laterite by hydrogen. The nickel recovery to the ferronickel phase was predicted to be greater than 95 % at temperatures of 673–873 K. Reductant additions above the stoichiometric requirement resulted in high recoveries over a wider temperature range, but the nickel grade of the ferronickel decreased.

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Dzvinamurungu, Thomas, Derek Hugh Rose, Ngonidzashe Chimwani, and Fanus Viljoen. "Using Process Mineralogy as a Tool to Investigate Blending Potential of the Pentlandite-Bearing Ores at the Nkomati Ni Mine in South Africa." Minerals 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050649.

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The mineralogy and texture of Ni-sulfide ores at the Nkomati nickel mine are highly variable, and this results in often erratic nickel recovery at the mine. The variability of the ore presents an opportunity to study the influence of grind size on the flotation-based recovery of Ni in highly heterogeneous sulfide ores, which would be applicable to this ore type at many other mines worldwide. In view of this, a process mineralogy investigation was conducted on thirteen mineralogically and texturally different nickel-sulfide ores from the Nkomati Nickel Mine, with a view on the influence of grind size on the flotation performance of pentlandite. Ore types presented include medium- and high-grade variants of the bleb, disseminated, massive, semi-massive, and net-textured sulfide ores of the Main Mineralized Zone (MMZ), as well as disseminated chromite-rich nickel sulfide ore and massive chromitite ore of the Peridotitic Chromitite Mineralized Zone (PCMZ). Laboratory scale metallurgical test work, comprising of sequential grinding and bench-top flotation testing of the ores, was conducted in combination with quantitative mineralogical investigation of the flotation feed and associated flotation products, using a FEI 600F Mineral Liberation Analyzer. The ore types under consideration require a variety of grind sizes (i.e., milling times) in order to attain optimal recovery of nickel through flotation. This is predominantly controlled by ore texture, and also partly by the abundance of the major constituent minerals in the ore, being pyroxenes, base metal sulfides, and chromite. Liberation of pentlandite is directly correlated with grind size (milling time), which is also positively correlated with the level of nickel recovery through flotation. A grind size of P80 at 75 µm results in the highest concentrate nickel grades of 7.5–8.1% in the PCMZ ores’ types which is the current grind for the PCMZ ores at Nkomati. A grind size of P77 at 75 µm yields the best overall pentlandite liberation, Ni recoveries of 84–88% and grades of 5.3–5.6% in the MMZ ores. This holds the potential to produce the best overall pentlandite liberation, nickel grades, recoveries from blending the MMZ and PCMZ ore types, and milling the composite ore at a target grind of P80 at 75 µm.

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Korobkin, Valeriy, Iskander Samatov, Akhan Chaklikov, and Zhamal Tulemissova. "Peculiarities of Dynamics of Hypergenic Mineral Transformation of Nickel Weathering Crusts of Ultramafic Rocks of the Kempirsay Group of Deposits in Western Kazakhstan." Minerals 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050650.

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Nickel weathering ores are used to produce metallic nickel, stainless steels, and nickel sulfate, the main component of batteries. The global production of nickel from weathering ores is increasing and has surpassed production from sulfide magmatic deposits. The efficiency of the mining and processing of nickel ores from weathering rocks is determined by their mineralogical composition. The weathering crust profile of the Kempirsay ultramafite massif is divided into three zones—leached (kerolitized) serpentinites, nontronites, and final hydrolysis minerals (later referred to as “ochers”). The kerolitized zone consists of a mixture of Ni-bearing talc and saponites (later referred to as “kerolite”). During the geological mapping of the Donskoye, Buranovskoye, and Shelektinskoye deposits, the products of ultramafite hypergenic transformation into disintegrated and leached serpentinites, kerolites, nontronites, and ochers were selected and studied. For this purpose, 44 rock samples were studied via X-ray diffractometric and thermal analyses, supplemented with data from chemical, microscopic, and granulometric determinations. Based on the obtained numerical parameters of the crystalline structure of the weathering products, the thermochemical values were obtained. The hypergenic transformation of the initial minerals and their subsequent transformation were traced. The trace element distribution along the profile of the serpentinite weathering ores is related to the initial material composition of the ultramafites. The accumulation of nickel in industrial concentrations is associated with the nontronite–kerolite zone. X-ray diffractometric analysis can be used as a fast and reliable method for controlling the nickel content of ores and monitoring their mineralogical composition.

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Mikhailov, B. M. "Nickel ores in the Urals." Lithology and Mineral Resources 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02782691.

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Ilic, Ilija, Katarina Cerovic, Srecko Stopic, and Zeljko Kamberovic. "Chlorination of nickel ore by gaseous chlorine in the presence of active additives." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 39, no. 3-4 (2003): 427–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb0304427i.

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Paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of chemical reactions occurring during chlorination with and without additives for both nickel oxides and nickel ferrites, which are component parts of nickel ore. The experimental research investigated the influence of temperature in the range from 600 up to 1000 ?C and time (up to 3 h) on the chlorination degree of nickel ores with and without additives. It was found that the introduction of additives such as C, S, BaS and NaCl intensified the chlorination of nickel ore. The results can be applied and may help determine the optimal conditions for the chlorination of low-grade ferrous nickel ores.

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Shi, Ruimeng, Xiaoming Li, Yaru Cui, Junxue Zhao, Chong Zou, and Guibao Qiu. "Coupled Preparation of Ferronickel and Cementitious Material from Laterite Nickel Ores." Materials 13, no. 21 (November 5, 2020): 4992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214992.

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Nickel slags can be produced through ferronickel preparation by the pyrometallurgical processing of laterite nickel ores; however, such techniques are underutilized at present, and serious environmental problems arise from the stockpiling of such nickel ores. In this study, a modification to the process of ferronickel preparation by the direct reduction of carbon bases in laterite nickel ores is proposed. The gangue from the ore is used as a raw material to prepare a cementitious material, with the main components of tricalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate. By using FactSage software, thermodynamic calculations are performed to analyze the reduction of nickel and iron and the effect of reduction on the formation of tricalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate. The feasibility of a coupled process to prepare ferronickel and cementitious materials by the direct reduction of laterite nickel ore and gangue calcination, respectively, is discussed under varying thermodynamic conditions. Different warming strategies are applied to experimentally verify the coupled reactions. The coupled preparation of ferronickel and cementitious materials with calcium silicate and calcium aluminate as the main phases in the same experimental process is realized.

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Phung, Thuat Tien, Toi Trung Tran, Luan Van Pham, and Khanh Tuan Nguyen. "Nickel recovery in tailling from the Chromite beneficiation process in Mau Lam, Thanh Hoa by the reduction roasting-magnetic separation process." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 65, no. 3 (April 1, 2024): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2024.65(3).04.

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In Thanh Hoa province, large chromite ore deposits were discovered. These types of ores also contain significant quantity of nickel metal, with total nickel reserves estimated to be over three million tones. According to the practices of mining and beneficiation of these chromite ores, nickel is discarded in the waste dumps as a non-valuable metal and has not been recovered ever. Through many years of mining and processing of chromite ores, large dumps are formed to such huge volumes that can be considered as a significantly secondary resource of valuable nickel metal. Nickel exists in the form of laterite ores so that it is difficult to be recovered. Currently, there is no commercial technology available for recovery of nickel or other valuable metals from this type of raw material sources. This article presents some research results on applying the reduction calcination – magnetic separation process for recovery of nickel. In particular, some important reduction operating variables such as temperature, calcination time, fuel coal ratio, and Na2SO4 additive were investigated. From the tailing samples of the Mau Lam – Thanh Hoa chromite beneficiation process, important optimal reducing conditions have been determined including 1,1000C of reduction temperature, 8% of anthracite coal, 8% of Na2SO4 additive, and the reduction time of 90 minutes. The reduced product was finely grounded and separated at a magnetic field of 0.3T using the wet magnetic separator. At optimal operating variables, the nickel content of the final nickel concentrate was 4.02% Ni and the overall nickel recovery was 91.2%. The positive results necessarily lead to a need to continue researching the possibility of practical application to recover nickel and thus contribute to the rational utilization of mineral resources of the country.

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Turtygina, N., and A. Okhrimenko. "ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPLEXITY OF OCCURRENCE AND GEOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF THE QUALITY OF HIGH-GRADE ORES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE C-2 DEPOSIT." East European Scientific Journal 2, no. 11(75) (December 16, 2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.2.75.159.

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The work is devoted to a very topical issue - predicting quality indicators in underground mining of ore deposits. In this work, the conditions and ways of improving the quality of ores during mining were studied on the example of deposits of rich ores in the northern flanks of the Talnakh and Oktyabrsky deposits of Talnakh. The studies were carried out in specific conditions at the mining enterprises of the Polar Division of the Public Joint Stock Company Mining and Metallurgical Company Norilsk Nickel. The northern deposits of the Talnakhskoye deposit represent the main prospect for replenishing the retired production capacities for the extraction of high-grade ores. The significant heterogeneity of the distribution of the metal content in industrial reserves of rich copper-nickel ores is the primary cause of high fluctuations in the quality of ore flow, which requires the use of the most advanced mining technologies to control the quality of ores during extraction. The process of forming the required quality level of mined ores at the mines of the Polar Division of PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel is of paramount importance. However, during the development of deposits of «rich» ores in the ore stream «mine - processing plant», significant fluctuations in the quality of the ore mass are formed, which lead to losses of metals in the process of concentration and during metallurgical redistribution, thereby reducing the economic efficiency of the entire mining and metallurgical complex, as determines the relevance of the work.

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Abashina, Tatiana, Aleksandr Noskov, Alyona Yachkula, and Mikhail Vainshtein. "Application of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans VKM B-3655 for bioleaching silicate ore." E3S Web of Conferences 390 (2023): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339001027.

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Acid metal bioleaching is common and classical for nickel recovery from the sulfide refractory ores: various microorganisms can oxidize sulfides as energetic substrates. Silicate nickel ores are widespread in the world but their bioleaching is more problematic because silicates cannot serve as energetic substrates. Meanwhile iron in the silicate nickel ores presents a significant part and can be used by some acidophilic autotrophic microorganisms for the ore destruction. In model experiments, we studied application of acidophilic autotrophic sulfur-/ iron-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans VKM B-3655 for the nickel recovery from the nickel-bearing silicate ore with high content of iron. The strain was selected by its ability of iron oxidation and resistance to arsenic which also presented in the ore. We also evaluated possibility to stimulate the bioleaching with formate as additional energetic substrates or with persulfate for increasing the medium redox. It was shown that low concentrations of sodium formate (0.3%) and persulfate (0.1%) stimulated growth of A. ferrooxidans while higher persulfate concentration (1.0%) stimulated the ore bioleaching.

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Biao, Tang, Li Bing, and Yang Hui. "Phase transformation in the metallic reduction process of low-grade laterite nickel ores for ferronickel alloy production." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 3 (2023): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023023.

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The utilization of low-grade laterite ores has become necessary due to the intensive mining of high-grade nickel sulphide ores for a long time. In this study, metallic reduction roasting followed by magnetic separation to produce ferronickel alloy and abandon gangue minerals provides an effectively treatment for laterite ores. The experimental results indicate that ferronickel alloy containing more than 7.5% Ni with its recovery of 95% and more than 70% Fe with its recovery of 90% was produced successfully from the low-grade laterite ore. In the metallic reduction roasting process, the thermodynamic analysis displayed that the higher temperature promotes the conversion percentage of the oxidic nickel and iron to metallic nickel and iron. The ferronickel particle morphology with a liquid-solid growth and aggregation mechanism in the reduced laterite ore were investigated by SEM/EDS. XRD analysis revealed that the nickel laterite ore was transformed from hortonolite (MgOx · FeO2-x · SiO2) to forsterite (MgOx · CaOy · SiO2) during the metallic reduction process.

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Panova, Yelena, Yermek Aubakirov, and Huseyin Arbag. "Selection of sorption materials for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from the ore of the Gornostaevskoye deposit." Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/cb1180.

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Oxidized nickel ores account for the majority of industrial ores suitable for nickel production. The processing of such ores using traditional pyrometallurgical technology is not economically viable due to the low nickel content. One of the most cost-effective methods of processing oxidized nickel ores is sulfuric acid leaching technology followed by sorption extraction. The aim of this work is to establish the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the sorption extraction of nickel and cobalt using iminodiacetate chelating ion-exchange sorbents from various manufacturers, to select a desorbing solution and to determine the degree of desorption. The sorption of nickel and cobalt was carried out in a weakly acidic medium from a model solution containing impurities of other metals in static and dynamic modes. The limiting sorption capacity for the studied sorbents is 18-26 mg/g for nickel and 1-2 mg/g for cobalt in the static mode. The sorption capacity in the dynamic mode for nickel is equal to 25.5 g/L for Purolite S 930, 29.2 g/L for Lewatit TP 207, 1.4 g/L, and 1.8 g/L for cobalt, respectively. The best desorption parameters are achieved when using a 2 M sulfuric acid solution. The degree of desorption for sorbents Purolite S 930 and Lewatit TP 207 exceeds 90%. The use of the Lewatit TP 207 sorbent for the extraction of nickel from the leaching solution of nickel ore of the Gornostaevskoye deposit in 5 cycles made it possible to obtain a commercial desorbate with a nickel content of 18 g/L. The use of a part of the commercial desorbate obtained in the previous cycle, further strengthened to the initial concentration of sulfuric acid, for re-extracting nickel from the saturated sorbent during a cyclic process leads to a deterioration in desorption characteristics. It is recommended to remove the commercial desorbate from the process after several cycles of desorption and supply new solution of sulfuric acid for desorption to restore the sorption parameters.

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Kolmachikhina, O. B., S. E. Polygalov, and K. A. Vakula. "The Study of Physicochemical Features of Laterite Ores of the Buruktalsky Deposit." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.694.

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Currently, there are practiced various pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and com-bined pyro and hydrometallurgical methods for processing of oxidized nickel ores to produce metal-lic nickel, cobalt, and their compounds in non-ferrous metallurgy. The problem is the difficult ore concentration, and consequently the high consumption of reagents or low extraction of valuable components from it. Ural plants previously implemented the technology of reducing-sulphiding smelting of laterite ore to produce fire nickel and transfer of cobalt to matte. The economic ineffi-ciency of this technology predetermined the search for a new method for processing of significant reserves of oxidized nickel ores in the Ural region.

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Makovskaya, Olga Yu, and Nadezhda I. Bryantseva. "Nickel Sorption from Sulphate Solutions of Oxidized Nickel Ores Leaching." Defect and Diffusion Forum 410 (August 17, 2021): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.394.

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The possibility of sorption extraction of nickel from leaching solutions of oxidized nickel ores of the Buruktal deposit is considered. Ionite Lewatit TP220 with bis-picolylamine functional groups is effective for nickel recovery against the background of high iron contents. Lewatit TP220 is mechanically strong enough for use in the resin-in-pulp process. Nickel sorption with satisfactory performance occurs both in the variant of sorption leaching and extraction from clarified solutions. At sorption from the pulp, the capacity for nickel was 5.44 mg/g, for iron, 25.17 mg/g. The use of 20% sulfuric acid provides quantitative nickel desorption. To obtain a higher quality nickel-containing product, it is recommended to additionally purify the resulting eluates from iron.

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Dzvinamurungu, Thomas, Derek Hugh Rose, Karel Stephanus Viljoen, and Antoine Floribert Mulaba-Bafubiandi. "A Process Mineralogical Evaluation of Chromite at the Nkomati Nickel Mine, Uitkomst Complex, South Africa." Minerals 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080709.

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A process mineralogical study based on three texturally and mineralogically different chromite-bearing ore types at the Nkomati nickel mine was undertaken, with focus on chromite. Chromite is a by-product of the Ni-Cu-Co-PGE ore at Nkomati Nickel mine. These being the PCMZ_MG (medium-grade Ni-Cu sulphide silicate ore with disseminated chromite), PCMZ_HG (high-grade Ni-Cu sulphide silicate ore containing disseminated chromite) and MCHR (massive chromite unit) ore types. These were processed using benchtop flotation followed by gravity concentration using a shaking table at different grind sizes. Quantitative mineralogical data was obtained using a 600F Mineral Liberation Analyser for the unprocessed and processed ores at three selected target grinds. The Mineral Liberation Analyser data indicated that increased milling does not relate to increased chromite grades and recoveries, particularly for the disseminated PCMZ type ores based on laboratory-scale gravity concentration. The recovery is controlled largely by the chromite chemistry. The results also showed that the MCHR samples that underwent a pre-flotation stage before gravity separation had better Cr2O3 grades (45% to 47%) and recoveries (52% to 61%) than MCHR ore that did not undergo a pre-flotation stage, which recorded grades ranging from 44% to 46% and recoveries ranging from 43% to 60%. This holds promise for the blending of MCHR ores with the PCMZ ores. The PCMZ ores also displayed better Cr2O3 grades and recoveries at coarser grinds. The optimal target grind to process all three ore types is a P80 of 75 μm, which is the current grind size employed at Nkomati Nickel mine. Due to the low nickel price and grade the Nkomati Nickel mine is currently under care and maintenance.

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Pakhomov, R. A., and R. V. Starykh. "Preliminary reduction of oxidized nickel ores." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2014, no. 11 (November 2014): 853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029514110123.

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Stopic, Srecko, and Bernd Friedrich. "Hydrometallurgical processing of nickel lateritic ores." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 64, no. 4 (2016): 1033–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg64-10592.

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Pramono, Andika W., Tri Hardi Priyanto, Fatayalkadri Citrawati, Efendi Mabruri, M. Yunan Hasbi, and Andon Insani. "Texture Evolution of Bainitic Steels Processed from Nickel Lateritic Ores: A Neutron-Diffraction Investigation." E3S Web of Conferences 543 (2024): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454303005.

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This study investigated the texture evolution of bainitic steel samples processed from lateritic nickel ores with varying heat treatment times. The samples were austenitized, air-cooled, and subjected to bainitic heat treatment at 532°C for 15 and 30 minutes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the sample treated at 532°C for 15 minutes, developed bainitic plates within the austenitic matrix due to the relatively rapid air cooling. Conversely, the sample, heat-treated at 532°C for 30 minutes, exhibited a combination of bainitic and pearlitic microstructures. Neutron diffraction analysis using software showed moderate-to-weak textures in both samples, indicating dislocation polygonization resulting from prolonged heat treatment. The results suggest that further research is needed to investigate the texture evolution of bainitic steels from nickel lateritic ores after plastic deformation. This work contributes to understanding the microstructural characteristics of bainitic steel derived from nickel lateritic ores, which may have significant implications for the production and application of these steels in the future.

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Harris, C. T., C. A. Pickles, and J. G. Peacey. "A Thermodynamic Analysis of the Selective Sulphidation of Nickel from a Nickeliferous Lateritic Ore." High Temperature Materials and Processes 31, no. 4-5 (October 30, 2012): 603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2012-0098.

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AbstractThe production of a nickel sulphide concentrate through selective sulphidation of a nickeliferous lateritic ore at temperatures lower than current smelting temperatures, is being studied as a potential production method for upgrading lateritic ores. The ability to produce such a nickel sulphide concentrate at economically attractive grades, while achieving reasonable nickel recoveries, relies on the conversion of the maximum amount of nickel oxide to sulphide, while minimizing the amount of iron sulphide. This paper examines the thermodynamic basis for this selective sulphidation. The analysis includes both pure component equilibrium as well as various solid and liquid solution phases, which are anticipated to set limits on the maximum achievable grade/recovery combinations. Thermodynamic calculations show that, for high iron limonitic ores, grades of up to 20 to 25 mass percent nickel should be possible, while maintaining recoveries of greater than 80 percent.

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Gavrilov, A. S., A. G. Krasheninin, S. A. Petrova, and D. S. Reutov. "EXTRACTION OF NICKEL FROM OXIDIZED NICKEL ORES BY HEAP LEACHING." Metallurg, no. 5 (2022): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52351/00260827_2022_05_84.

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Zhou, S. W., C. Lu, B. Zhang, B. Li, and Y. G. Wei. "Investigation on the garnierite and limonite mixed laterite ore for nickel recovery." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 57, no. 2 (2021): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb201129020z.

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Laterite, as an important resource of nickel, has become the focus of development and utilization. This study adopted the method of mixing ore (garnierite and limonite) to increase the recovery rate of nickel in garnierite ore. The phase transformation of the two ores was investigated during the heating process; dehydroxylation and recrystallization were observed and the iron oxides phase was finally transformed into the iron-containing spinel. By changing the proportion of the two ores, increasing the iron content in the sample was beneficial to the reduction of nickel. Then, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and Fe were used as the iron source to study the mechanism of the iron-bearing minerals in promoting the reduction of nickel. The results indicated that hematite and/or magnetite would react with amorphous silicate minerals to generate magnesioferrite and enstatite, thereby avoiding additional forsterite generation; moreover, the trevorite phase would be formed, which strengthens the aggregation of nickel and iron.

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Kumar, Haresh, Kirsi Luolavirta, Saad Ullah Akram, Hassan Mehmood, and Saija Luukkanen. "The Effect of Hydrodynamic Conditions on the Selective Flotation of Fully Liberated Low Grade Copper-Nickel Ore." Minerals 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030328.

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Low grade sulfide ores are difficult to process due to their composite mineralogy and their fine grained dissemination with gangue minerals. Therefore, fine grinding of such ores becomes essential to liberate valuable minerals. In this research, selective flotation was carried out using two pitched blade turbine impellers with diameters of 6 cm and 7 cm to float copper and nickel. The main focus of this research was to generate optimum hydrodynamic conditions that can effectively separate nickel and copper from gangue minerals. In addition, we investigated the effects of superficial gas velocity, impeller speed, bubble size distribution, and bubble surface area flux on the flotation recovery and rate constant. The results demonstrated that a 7 cm impeller comparatively produced optimum hydrodynamic conditions that improved Cu-Ni recovery and the rate constant. The maximum copper and nickel recoveries in the 7 cm impeller tests were observed at 93.1% and 72.5%, respectively. However, a significant decrease in the flotation rate of nickel was observed, due to entrainment of nickel in copper concentrate and the slime coating of gangue minerals on the nickel particle surfaces.

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Bustamante Rúa, Moises Oswaldo, Sindy Dayanis Gonzalez Arias, and Pablo Bustamante Baena. "Nickel laterite concentration through a non-conventional method with surface sulfidization." DYNA 87, no. 215 (October 1, 2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n215.85981.

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Nickel ores are found mainly as sulfides and laterites in oxidized ores, such as iron oxides, which are usually “Ni-bearing”. This investigation determined the physical-chemical conditions necessary to increase the tenor and recovery in lateritic deposits, with the implementation of a new technology that allows the increase of the tenor (a process called “up-grading”). The froth flotation is proposed as a concentrating process to increase the Nickel content in the lateritic deposits. By means of sulfidization and direct flotation, specific hydrophobicity of the mineral is achieved, substantially improving the nickel concentrations in the process, with recoveries close to 86%, which, compared with conventional direct and inverse floats without effecting this activation with Na2S, results in recoveries of 70% and 16%, respectively. The reverse flotation also increases the Nickel content with an approximate recovery of 70%; however, the froth flotation, with activation Na2S is still better.

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Yanishevskya, Elena, Nadezhda Fokina, Ekaterina Selivanova, Alena Kompanchenko, Dmitriy Makarov, and Andrey Goryachev. "Processing of Sulfide Copper-Nickel Ores from the Deposits in Murmansk Region by Heap Leaching." Minerals 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080820.

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The feasibility of processing low-grade copper-nickel ores by heap bioleaching was investigated. It was found that an iron-oxidizing strain of acidophilic microorganisms, Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, is effective in the leaching of sulfide ores from the deposits in Russia’s Murmansk region. Sulfide mineralization of the studied mineral feeds was described using the methods of X-ray phase analysis and optical microscopy. In the process of leaching, the pH and Eh values and the concentrations of ferric and ferrous iron, nickel, and copper ions were monitored. By the end of the experiment, 16.5% of nickel and 7.5% of copper was recovered from the ore of the Allarechensk technogenic deposit, while 22.5% of nickel and 12.7% copper were recovered from the ore of the Nud II deposit. By silicate analysis of the solid phase, patterns of ore chemistry change were described during the process of bioleaching.

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Sadykhov, G. B., K. G. Anisonyan, D. Yu Kop’ev, and T. V. Olyunina. "Bloomery Processing of Oxidized Magnesia Nickel Ores." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2019, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029519010129.

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Farrokhpay, Saeed, Daniel Fornasiero, and Lev Filippov. "Upgrading nickel in laterite ores by flotation." Minerals Engineering 121 (June 2018): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2018.02.021.

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Wills, B. A. "Processing of Nickel ores and concentrates ’05." Minerals Engineering 19, no. 12 (September 2006): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2006.08.001.

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Coello Velázquez, Alfredo L., Juan Maria Menéndez-Aguado, and Reynaldo Laborde Brown. "Grindability of lateritic nickel ores in Cuba." Powder Technology 182, no. 1 (February 2008): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2007.05.027.

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Florence, T. M., J. L. Stauber, and M. Ahsanullah. "Toxicity of nickel ores to marine organisms." Science of The Total Environment 148, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90391-3.

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Miroshnikova, L. K., and N. V. Semenyakina. "Picrite Basalts as Non-Conventional Nickel Ores." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost) 145, no. 3/2019 (July 16, 2019): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2019-3-145-78-79.

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Masloboev, Vladimir, Sergey Seleznev, Anton Svetlov, and Dmitriy Makarov. "Hydrometallurgical Processing of Low-Grade Sulfide Ore and Mine Waste in the Arctic Regions: Perspectives and Challenges." Minerals 8, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8100436.

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The authors describe the opportunities of low-grade sulfide ores and mine waste processing with heap and bacterial leaching methods. By the example of gold and silver ores, we analyzed specific issues and processing technologies for heap leaching intensification in severe climatic conditions. The paper presents perspectives for heap leaching of sulfide and mixed ores from the Udokan (Russia) and Talvivaara (Finland) deposits, as well as technogenic waste dumps, namely, the Allarechensky Deposit Dumps (Russia). The paper also shows the laboratory results of non-ferrous metals leaching from low-grade copper-nickel ores of the Monchepluton area, and from tailings of JSC Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company.

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Astuti, Widi, Fika Rofiek Mufakhir, Fajar Nurjaman, Slamet Sumardi, Ulin Herlina, Fathan Bahfie, and Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus. "Pengaruh Karakteristik Bijih pada Ekstraksi Nikel dari Bijih Limonit Indonesia menggunakan Pelindian Atmosferik." Metal Indonesia 43, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32423/jmi.2021.v43.9-16.

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AbstrakKebutuhan ekstraksi nikel dari bijih nikel laterit khususnya jenis bijih limonit dengan kadar nikel yang rendah sangat diperlukan karena kebutuhan nikel yang terus meningkat dengan adanya pengembangan kendaraan bermotor listrik berbasis baterai. Jenis dan karakteristik bijih laterit yang berbeda akan memberikan pengaruh pada hasil ekstraksi nikel. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi nikel dari bijih laterit jenis limonit yang berasal dari Pulau Halmahera (LH)) dan Pulau Sulawesi (LS) menggunakan pelindian atmosferik. Asam sulfat digunakan sebagai agen pelindian. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik bijih limonit (LH dan LS) pada berbagai variabel pelindian yaitu suhu (30oC, 50oC dan 80oC), konsentrasi asam sulfat (0,5M; 1M; dan 2M), waktu pelindian (15, 30, 60, 120, dan 240 menit), serta rasio bijih terhadap reagen pelindian (5, 10, dan 20% w/v) terhadap ekstraksi nikel dari bijih limonit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bijih laterit sangat berpengaruh pada hasil pelindian dan persen rekoveri nikel. Nikel dari bijih LH yaitu jenis limonit dari Pulau Halmahera dapat diekstrak secara maksimal (100%) pada konsentrasi asam sulfat 0,5M, suhu 80oC, rasio bijih/larutan asam sulfat 10%, dan waktu pelindian 2 jam. Sedangkan persen ekstraksi nikel dari bijih LS yang terbesar adalah 95% yang diperoleh pada konsentrasi asam sulfat 2M, suhu 80oC, rasio bijih/larutan asam sulfat 5%, dan waktu pelindian 4 jam. AbstractNickel extraction from nickel laterite ores particularly low-grade limonite ore is needed along with the increase of nickel consumption on the development of battery electric vehicle. Types and characteristics of nickel laterite ores affect greatly on the nickel extraction from these ores. This research conducted the extraction of nickel from limonite ore from different areas i.e. Halmahera Island (LH) and Sulawesi Island (LS) using atmosferic leaching. Sulfuric acid (1M) was used as leaching reagent. Leaching processes were carried out for investigating the effects of limonite ore characteristics (LH and LS), leaching temperatures (30oC, 50oC dan 80oC), concentration of sulfuric acid (0.5M; 1M; 2M), leaching time (15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes), and ratio of ore amount to volume of leaching reagent on the nickel extraction from limonite ores. Experimental results showed that ore characteristic affected greatly on the leaching result and nickel leaching recovery. Nickel from LH ore could be extracted maximum (100%) using sulfuric acid 0.5M, temperature of 80oC, and leaching time 120 minutes (2 hours). Whereas, the highest nickel extraction percentage from LS ore is 95% using sulfuric acid 2M, temperature of 80oC, and leaching time 240 minutes (4 hours).

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Spiridonov, E. M., S. N. Belyakov, N. N. Korotayeva, K. V. Egorov, Yu A. Ivanova, D. I. Naumov, and A. A. Serova. "Menshikovite Pd3Ni2As3 and associated minerals of sulphide ores within the Eastern flank of the Oktyabrsky deposit (Norilsk ore field)." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 4 (August 28, 2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-4-22-29.

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Significant amount of menshikovite (rare palladium and nickel arsenide) Pd3Ni2As3 was found on the Eastern flank of the Oktyabrsky deposit (Norilsk ore field), near the contact of solid and impregnation sulfide Co-Ni-Cu ores among magnetite-plagioclase-fassaite skarns. Sulfide material of both ores consists of chalcopyrite, pentlandite, pyrrhotite and cubanite aggregates, which are the products of subsolidus transformations of high-temperature solid solutions Iss3, Iss4 and subordinate Mss; with interpositions of later Se-galenite. Menshikovite in association with mertieite-II, silver-gold (fineness 756–706), golden-electrum (fineness 694–672), kotulskite, moncheite, rare altaite, hessite, naldrettite and melonite forms small (up to 30 microns) metasomatic growths on the contact of silicate matrix and magmatogenic sulfide aggregates. The average composition of menshikovite is close to theoretical data: (Pd2,98Ru0,03)3,01(Ni1,89Fe0,-08Co0,01)1,98 (As2,94Se0,04Bi0,02Sn0,01)3,01. Sperrylite metacrystals cut the borders of menshikovite accretions as well as other minerals of precious metals and contain “corroded” inclusions. This association of minerals of noble metals has arisen under the increased activity of As, Te, Sb, Bi and low activity of Sn in fluids. Menshikovite is typical for Pd-rich ores of the Oktyabrsky Deposit, while mayakite PdNiAs (another palladium and nickel arsenide) is relatively widely developed in ores of the Talnakh Deposit (Mayak mine and partly Komsomolsky mine) and the Norilsk-I. Perhaps, such a distribution of palladium-nickel arsenides is an element of mineral zonality of the Norilsk ore field.

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Wijewardena, Udeshika, Ian Macreadie, and Anna H. Kaksonen. "Microbes at the extreme: Mining with microbes." Microbiology Australia 33, no. 3 (2012): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma12116.

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The use of microorganisms to recover precious and base metals from mineral ores and concentrates is called biomining, or biohydrometallurgical processing. Biomining occurs through the natural ability of certain microorganisms to catalyse reactions, leading to the solubilisation of metals from the minerals. This process is used today in commercial operations to recover copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and uranium from complex ores.

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Cao, Zhan Fang, Hong Zhong, Guang Yi Liu, and Shuai Wang. "Recovery of Nickel and Iron from Lixivium of Nickel Laterite Ores." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1037.

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The joint technics on sodium jarosite process and solvent extraction technique for lixivium of nickel laterite ores has been investigated. The results indicate that a Fe2O3 product with Fe grade of 58.12% could be obtained by precipitation separation and roasting, the total recovery of iron reaches 94.87%.Under the conditions of extracting temperature for 30°C, phase ratio 1:1, blance time 10min, pH = 5.5, the percentage extraction rate of Ni reaches 99.04%. When the 3 mol/L H2SO4 solution was used as stripping agent, the stripping rate of Ni reaches 97.52%. The total recovery of nickel reaches 94.56%.

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40

Goryachev, A., and D. Makarov. "Methods for processing copper-nickel raw materials in the Arctic." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy A: Mining 59, no. 1 (2023): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jmma2301025g.

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The different genesis of copper-nickel objects requires the use of different technologies for their enrichment. A scheme has been proposed for processing copper-nickel ore tailings, first by granulating the tailings with sulfuric acid, storing them at below-zero temperatures, and then followed by heap leaching of granules was proposed. The effect of different ratios of tailings to binder during granulation on the subsequent recovery of the metals was considered. At a ratio of S:L = 6:1, 44.4% nickel and 8.9% copper were recovered during the 40-day experiment. For ore processing, the efficiency of heap leaching with a 2% H2SO4 solution using technogenic ores from the Nud Terrasa was considered and Allarechensk deposits ores was studied, as no additional ore preparation was required. At the end of the experiment, 12.8% nickel and 10.2% copper were recovered from the Nud Terrasa ore, and 10.2% nickel and 4.4% copper were recovered from the ore of the Allarechensk technogenic deposit. The ore from the Nud II deposit and a rich sample of the Allarechensk ore were processed by low-temperature roasting with ammonium sulfate. From the ore of the Allarechensk technogenic deposit, 91.5% of nickel and 94.8% of copper were recovered. The results obtained may be of significant practical interest, especially in the Arctic zone.

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Serafimovskiy, T., A. V. Volkov, T. Georgevich, G. Tasev, D. Serafimovskiy, K. Yu Murashov, and L. Georgiev. "Sb-As LOJAN DEPOSIT (REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA): ORE TYPES, CONDITIONS OF ORE TYPES LOCALIZATION AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES." Геология рудных месторождений 65, no. 4 (July 1, 2023): 337–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016777023040056.

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This article discusses the results of comprehensive studies of Sb-As ores of the Lojan deposit, located in the north-east of the Republic of North Macedonia (RSM), near the border with Serbia. 5 types of Sb-As ores have been identified: breccated realgar-auripigment ores, realgar breccias, breccated antimonite ores, massive, almost monomineral realgar ores, as well as realgar-antimonite nest-shaped ores. The ores are characterized not only by an unusual paragenesis of nickel, arsenic and antimony minerals, but also by a very close fusion of antimonite, realgar and collomorphic quartz. A wide range of elements in ores (As, Sb, Cr, Ti, Mn, Ni, Mo, Co, Ag, Tl, U, etc.) is apparently due to the combination of mineralization in ores of several different-time parageneses. As a result of thermometric studies of fluid inclusions in quartz, Thom vary from 180 OC to 220 OC (the average value is 201 OC). Studies of the isotopic composition of sulfur in antimonite and realgar have shown rather narrow ranges of δ34S values from -5.19 to -0.26 and from -4.80 to 1.92, respectively, which indicates an endogenous source of sulfur. The results obtained allow us to attribute the Lojan deposit to the epithermal class

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Klyushnikov, A. M., and G. I. Maltsev. "Optimization of converting process for matte of oxidized nickel ores and sulfide copper ores joint smelting based on thermodynamic simulation." Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Universities' Proceedings Non-Ferrous Metallurgy) 28, no. 6 (December 7, 2022): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2022-6-12-21.

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The paper presents the results obtained in the thermodynamic modeling of converting copper-nickel matte (11.3 wt.% Ni + Cu + + Co, 61.5 wt.% Fe, 25.9 wt.% S) produced by joint smelting of oxidized nickel ore and sulfide copper ore. Calculations were made in the approximation of ideal molecular solutions using the HSC Chemistry software package (Outotec Research Oy, Finland). The possibility of low-iron matte, converter slag and gas phase separation was shown. Estimated conditional equilibrium constants of exchange reactions between low-iron matte and slag (KNi/Fe = 0.004÷0.005, KCo/Fe = 0.056÷0.099) are close to ideal values. Statistical data processing was carried out using the mathematical experiment planning method. The converting temperature (t = 1100÷1300 °C) and iron and sulfur oxidation completeness level (q = 0.9÷1.0) determining the air and flux (SiO2) consumption were chosen as the factors to study. Obtained mathematical models of the process were used for its optimization. It was shown that the best converting performance can be achieved at t = 1150 °С and q = 0.950 when the low-iron matte contains 70.7 wt.% Ni + Cu + Co. At a yield of 8.74 % of the charge mass, the nickel, copper and cobalt recovery rates are 67.9, 97.9 and 9.1 %, respectively. The supposed air consumption (145.1 m3 (under normal conditions) per 100 kg of matte) and SiO2 (34.4 kg per 100 kg of matte) as well as slag yield (89.1 % of the charge mass) are close to working regime parameters. The results of the study confirm the possibility of cost-effective processing of poor copper-nickel matte and after experimental verification they can be used to develop automation flowcharts for converter departments at existing and designed production facilities.

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Klyushnikov, Alexander M., and Evgeny N. Selivanov. "Simulation of the joint processing of pyrrhotite concentrate and nickeliferous oxidized ore." Butlerov Communications 58, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-5-110.

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In this paper the issues of improving the efficiency of processing of pyrrhotite concentrates and magnesia-silicate nickeliferous ores are reviewed. An original technology is proposed, its basic stages are partial oxidative roasting of the concentrate and joint contractile melting the calcine with nickel ores to gain matte. Roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate allows to extract 70-80% of sulfur from the concentrate into gases riched with SO2, reduce desulfurization during melting and extract nickel, copper, cobalt and precious metals from both raw materials into the matte. The implementation of fluxing potential of nickel ore completely eliminates the use of fluxes during smelting and increases the specific productivity of metallurgical units in concern of raw materials. On the laboratory scale, the modeling of the main technological operations is performed to justify the technology. The possibility of separation of slag and matte with joint reagent-free melting (1400 ºC) of the product of partial oxidative roasting and oxidized nickel ore, taken in equal quantities, is theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed. Parameters of the roasting of the pyrrhotite concentrate: temperature 800 ºС, desulfurization degree 71.7%. Pyrrhotite concentrate contained (% wt.) 1.9 Ni, 0.2 Cu, and 0.06 Co. Oxidized nickel ore contained (%wt.) 1.2 Ni, and 0.06 Co. The slag basicity module (about 1) provides relatively low content of non-ferrous metals in the slag (% wt.): 0.24 Ni, 0.08 Co, and 0.04 Cu. Matte contained (%wt.) 8.9 Ni, 0.22 Co, 0.5 Cu, 58.7 Fe, 25.0 S, and 6.6 O. Extraction level in the matte was 87.8% nickel, 48.0% cobalt, and 73.3% copper from their content in the initial mixture. High levels of matte enrichment degree with respect to the charge were achieved; their values were 5.5 for nickel, 5.7 for cobalt, and 4.5 for copper. Desulfurization degree during melting and metallization degree of matte were close to zero. The matte was suitable for processing with known routes. The results are expected to be used in the development of technologies aimed to resumption of processing of oxidized nickeliferous ores from the Ural deposits.

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Kuleshevich, L. V. "Noble-metal associations related to Paleoproterozoic basic-hyperbasic magmatism in the Lapland-Onega province of Karelia." Vestnik of Geosciences 9 (2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/geov.2020.9.3.

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Topomineralogical studies are part of mineralogenic research conducted in the Paleoproterozoic Lapland-Onega rift-related structure in Karelia. These studies are important because of the location of promising areas and the study of deposits associated with basic-hyperbasic magmatism in Paleoproterozoic rift-related structures (chromite, titanomagnetite and nickel ores with PGE and gold). The aim of mineralogenic studies is to better understand major ore and noble-metal mineral associations by microprobe and ICP-MS-analyses. It was found that chromite ores are accompanied by high-temperature associations of platinoids — arsenides, sulfo-arsenides Pt, Rh, Ir and bismutotellurides Pt (with Pd), and sulfide Cu-Ni ores — mainly Pt-Pd bismutotellurides and tellurides. Titanomagnetite ores with low-sulfide copper mineralization contain stibio-sulfoarsenides, antimonides, stannides, and more rarely sulfides of Pd, Pd-Pt, and silver-containing gold.

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Lott, D. A., R. M. Coveney, J. B. Murowchick, and R. I. Grauch. "Sedimentary exhalative nickel-molybdenum ores in South China." Economic Geology 94, no. 7 (November 1, 1999): 1051–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.94.7.1051.

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Avfukova, L. S., and T. P. Belova. "METHODS OF ACID LEACHING OF NICKEL-CONTAINING ORES." Успехи современного естествознания (Advances in Current Natural Sciences), no. 4 2022 (2022): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/use.37813.

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Andreev, A. A., A. N. D’yachenko, and R. I. Kraidenko. "Processing of oxidized nickel ores with ammonium chloride." Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 45, no. 4 (August 2011): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s004057951005101x.

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48

Wills, B. A. "Foreword to Processing of Nickel Ores & Concentrates." Minerals Engineering 88 (March 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2016.02.001.

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49

Farrokhpay, Saeed, and Lev Filippov. "Challenges in processing nickel laterite ores by flotation." International Journal of Mineral Processing 151 (June 2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2016.04.007.

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Kolmachikhina, O. B., A. A. Chunarev, and S. S. Naboichenko. "Preparation of Oxidized Nickel Ores for Hydrometallurgical Processing." Metallurgist 59, no. 7-8 (November 2015): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-015-0166-6.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nickel ores'

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