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Daud, M. K., Shafaqat Ali, Zohaib Abbas, Ihsan Elahi Zaheer, Muhammad Ahsan Riaz, Afifa Malik, Afzal Hussain, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, and Shui Jin Zhu. "Potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor) for the Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3951540.
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Phytoextraction of zinc, copper, lead, iron, and nickel from landfill leachate by duckweed (L. minor) was investigated every 3 days over a period of 2 weeks. Bioconcentration factor and removal efficiency were also calculated. Results of this study proved that L. minor significantly reduced the concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate. Removal efficiency of L. minor, for all the metals, from landfill leachate was more than 70% with the maximum value for copper (91%). Reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) was observed by 39% and 47%, respectively. However, other physiochemical parameters like pH, total suspended solids, (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were reduced by 13%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. The value of bioconcentration factor (BCF) was less than 1 with the maximum figure for copper (0.84) and lead (0.81), showing that the plant is a moderate accumulator for these heavy metals. Duckweed (L. minor) appeared as a sustainable alternative candidate and is recommended for the treatment of landfill leachate waste water contaminants.
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Galushkin, Nikolay, Natalya Yazvinskaya, and Dmitry Galushkin. "Research of Accumulation of Hydrogen in Nickel-Iron Accumulators." University News. North-Caucasian Region. Technical Sciences Series, no. 6 (December 2014): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0321-2653-2014-6-96-99.
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Khasanova, Rezeda Firgatovna, Irina Nikolaevna Semenova, Yuliya Samigullovna Rafikova, Yalil Tukhvatovich Suyundukov, and Irina Valerievna Ilyina. "Assessment of ecological and geochemical condition of soils and dust content of atmospheric air in the residential zone of the mining industry center." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201874124.
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The research studies the content of heavy metals (HM) in soils of residential zones of Sibay - the mining industry center of the South-East of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is shown that in soils under herbaceous vegetation there is an increased content of a number of HMS, such as copper, zinc and cadmium. At the same time the areas located under the crown of Betula pendula Roth. are less contaminated with HM compared to open areas. Reduced content of a number of metals (iron, cadmium, cobalt and mobile forms of Nickel) in soils under the crown of the Roth confirms the barrier role of woody plants that protect the soil from airborne toxicants. The study showed the prospects of using a birch as a type of accumulator-phytoremediant in the greening of the mining region urban areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Studies of TM content in organs and tissues have shown that representatives of the species growing in Sibay can accumulate a significant amount of phytotoxicants, especially zinc, the content of which ranged 1041-1855 mg/kg. One of the sources of the increased TM content in the leaves and the bark of trees is dust. The paper presents a comparative study of the dustiness of birch leaves growing in the Central part of the city with heavy traffic and in the vicinity of the Sibay quarry, developing a Deposit of copper-zinc ore. The amount of dust on the leaves collected near the dumps of the Sibay quarry was 3,53 0,64 g/m, which is less than in the Central part of the city, where this figure reached 41,04 10,38 g/m. Obviously, this is due to the fact that the dumps of the Sibay quarry are located in an open and intensively ventilated area, which explains the strong dispersion of dust. At the same time dust particles near the quarry dumps are much more contaminated with manganese, cobalt and cadmium than in the Central part of the city.
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Chaplygin, V. A., T. S. Ershova, and V. F. Zaitsev. "Transference of metals in the soil‐food chain system: of Caspian Sea sturgeons." South of Russia: ecology, development 14, no. 3 (October 10, 2019): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2019-3-138-143.
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Aim. Identification of metal transference characteristics in components of the ecosystem of the north‐western part of the Caspian Sea. Material and Methods. Sampling was carried out according to generally accepted methods and the determination of heavy metals was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy using an atomic absorption spectrometer with electro‐thermal atomization MGA‐915 MD. Results. In studying the migration of trace elements in the trophic chains of the Caspian Sea sturgeon species it was found that: (a) chromium, manganese and iron do not accumulate along the trophic chain researched; (b) accumulation of lead and cobalt above the trophic level occupied by benthic invertebrates did not occur; (c) cadmium, nickel and copper were accumulated primarily by benthic organisms, while cadmium and nickel accumulated in the kidneys of Russian and Persian sturgeons and copper accumulated in the liver of both species (d) bioaccumulation of zinc occurs sequentially in the links: soil‐water‐benthic invertebrates‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles) and (e) mercury migrates along the links of the food chain, accumulation coefficients increasing progressively in the system: soil‐Didacna mollusc‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles). Conclusion. The accumulation of heavy metals from water amongst aquatic organisms depends on the properties of the metal, its involvement in biochemical processes, species, biological status and the nature of abiotic living conditions.
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Cepoi, Liliana, Inga Zinicovscaia, Ludmila Rudi, Tatiana Chiriac, Svetlana Djur, Nikita Yushin, and Dmitrii Grozdov. "Assessment of Metal Accumulation by Arthrospira platensis and Its Adaptation to Iterative Action of Nickel Mono- and Polymetallic Synthetic Effluents." Microorganisms 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2022): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051041.
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Cyanobacteria-mediated wastewater remediation is an economical, efficient, and eco-friendly technology. The present work deals with the bioaccumulation performance of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) grown for four cycles in a medium containing nickel mono- and polymetallic synthetic effluents. The metal uptake by spirulina biomass was evaluated using neutron activation analysis. The effects of effluents on biomass production, protein, and phycobiliprotein content were assessed. Metal accumulation in the biomass depended on the effluent composition and metal ion concentrations. Nickel accumulation in the biomass was directly proportional to its concentration in effluents, and maximum uptake (1310 mg/kg) was attained in the Ni/Cr/Fe system. In the same system, biomass accumulated 110 times more chromium and 4.7 times more iron than control. The highest accumulation of copper (2870 mg/kg) was achieved in the Ni/Cu/Zn/Mo system and zinc (1860 mg/kg)—in the Ni/Cu/Zn/Sr system. In biomass grown in the media loaded with nickel and also chromium, iron, copper, strontium, zinc, and molybdenum, a decrease in productivity (on average by 10%) during the first cycle of cultivation and moderate reduction of protein content (by 15–27%) was observed. The presence of metals in the cultivation media inhibited phycobiliprotein synthesis, especially of phycocyanin, and promoted the synthesis of allophycocyanin. The maximum reduction of phycocyanin content was 77%, and the increase of allophycocyanin content—by 45%. Arthrospira platensis may be deemed as bioremediation of nickel-polluted wastewaters of complex composition.
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Bastanov, R. I., S. S. Shakirova, O. A. Gumenyuk, A. O. Derkho, and E. A. Krasnoperva. "Assessment of ecological safety of fish from anthropogenically polluted freshwater reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128203004.
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The content of heavy metals in fish of different ecological groups in the conditions of the Argazinsky reservoir (Russia) has been studied, its ecological safety when used as a product nutrition was given. The material of the study was “local” fish (bream, pike, perch, roach, whitefish) caught by fishermen. The content of heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption method. Compared to muscular tissue, bone tissue has been found to accumulate more manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead, cobalt, nickel, iron (except for roach), copper, except for perch. The value of the metal pollution index (Pi) is greater than one in bream muscles in nickel, lead and cobalt; pike — nickel. The multifactor index of metal contamination (MPI) in the muscular tissue of fish are located in the following order: bream > pike > roach, whitefish > perch. Pi >1.0 value in skeletal tissue of bream in lead, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, zinc, iron; pike — lead, nickel, cadmium, zinc, manganese; perch — lead, cadmium; roach — zinc, cobalt, lead, cadmium; whitefish — manganese, lead, cadmium. By the magnitude of MPI, the skeletal tissue is ranked in the following order: pike > bream > whitefish > roach > perch. Pike MPI=3, 85, bream MPI=3, 10. The following row is formed by the value of fish fatness: perch > roach > whitefish > bream > pike. The fatness amount in the body of pike and bream is affected by excessively accumulated metals (nickel, cobalt and lead in bream, nickel, cadmium, and lead in pike), and in perch, roach, and whitefish - essential (iron, cobalt, copper and zinc in perch, manganese, iron and copper in roach, manganese, cobalt and zinc in whitefish).
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Sultana, N., S. Mazumdar, MS Chaudhury, and MK Rahman. "Combined Effects of Nickel and Arsenic on Growth and Mineral Nutrients Accumulation in Kalmi (Ipomoea Aquatica), Red Amaranth (Amaranthus SP.) And Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) And Nutrient Release Pattern In Soil at Different Days of Incubation." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 8, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v8i2.63819.
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Arsenic (As) is a broadly distributed toxic metalloid that accumulates in the environment through natural and anthropogenic sources. Numerous techniques were evolved for arsenic remediation from water including adsorption, flocculation, ion exchange and reverse osmosis. Due to the excessive affinity between iron and inorganic arsenic species, iron-based adsorption is an emerging technique for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated water and soil. Whereas iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) belong to the same chemical group (VIIIB) in the periodic table, it is expected to get similar interaction of Ni with As. An in vitro incubation study and pot experiment were conducted to evaluate the effect of Nickel on mineral release patterns in soil and growth yield of kalmi (Ipomoea aquatica), red amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) and Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Nickel was applied as different doses of Nickel of 10, 40 and 160 mg/kg respectively where As was applied with irrigation water at the rates of 1 mg/L and incubated at field moisture condition for 10, 20 and 30 days individually in different pots. Total organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), potassium (K) and 0.1N HCl extractable arsenic (As), iron (Fe) contents were determined at 10, 20 and 30 days of incubation. The pot experiment was carried out in triplicates for 45 days till the plants were grown to maturity. The growth performance of plants and the remedial effect of Ni on As toxicity in soil and plant was examined. Nickel showed a significant impact on fresh and dry yield of three plants and an antagonistic relationship between Ni and As was also observed i.e., Ni in soil was found to lessen the availability of As in soil likewise its accumulation in plants. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2022, 8(2): 79-88
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Shukla, Rajni. "Hazardous Impact of Nickel in Alteration of Antioxidative Mechanism and Inhibition of Growth and Biomass Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i04.6.
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Many anthropogenic activities (smelters, mines and municipal waste) enhance the heavy metal toxicity in soil and water and it is gradually accumulated in plants, and finally through food chain it reaches to human beings. To investigate hazardous impact of excess nickel on growth, biomass, yield and metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L) the plants were grown in refined sand at 0.0001mM (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.50 mM nickel (Ni) supply. After 16 days of treatment the excess supply of Ni(>0.50mM) reduced biomass, photosynthetic pigments (both chlorophyll a and b), Hill reaction activity, water soluble proteins, activity of catalase (CAT), and enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POX), ribonuclease and acid phosphatase in rice leaves. The antioxidative regulation was inhibited through CAT, although increased activity of POX supported the plants in overcoming the toxic effect of nickel. At 112 days (70 days after Ni treatment) the accumulation of iron in shoot and root was reduced. Phosphorus was significantly increased in both shoot and root. Sulphur accumulation was increased in panicle, leaves, shoot and root. Nickel accumulation in different plant parts was increased many fold (as in leaves it was increased about 25 times, in stem 18 times and in roots it was 17 times) in 0.50 mM Ni supply in comparision to control. Rice appeared very prone to nickel toxicity as Ni supply beyond 0.050 mM resulted into complete loss of economic yield due to inhibited flowering and poor panicle numbers.
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Shukla, Rajni. "Hazardous Impact of Nickel in Alteration of Antioxidative Mechanism and Inhibition of Growth and Biomass Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i04.6.
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Many anthropogenic activities (smelters, mines and municipal waste) enhance the heavy metal toxicity in soil and water and it is gradually accumulated in plants, and finally through food chain it reaches to human beings. To investigate hazardous impact of excess nickel on growth, biomass, yield and metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L) the plants were grown in refined sand at 0.0001mM (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.50 mM nickel (Ni) supply. After 16 days of treatment the excess supply of Ni(>0.50mM) reduced biomass, photosynthetic pigments (both chlorophyll a and b), Hill reaction activity, water soluble proteins, activity of catalase (CAT), and enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POX), ribonuclease and acid phosphatase in rice leaves. The antioxidative regulation was inhibited through CAT, although increased activity of POX supported the plants in overcoming the toxic effect of nickel. At 112 days (70 days after Ni treatment) the accumulation of iron in shoot and root was reduced. Phosphorus was significantly increased in both shoot and root. Sulphur accumulation was increased in panicle, leaves, shoot and root. Nickel accumulation in different plant parts was increased many fold (as in leaves it was increased about 25 times, in stem 18 times and in roots it was 17 times) in 0.50 mM Ni supply in comparision to control. Rice appeared very prone to nickel toxicity as Ni supply beyond 0.050 mM resulted into complete loss of economic yield due to inhibited flowering and poor panicle numbers.
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Omaiye, Esther E., Monique Williams, Krassimir N. Bozhilov, and Prue Talbot. "Design features and elemental/metal analysis of the atomizers in pod-style electronic cigarettes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): e0248127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248127.
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Background The atomizers of electronic cigarettes (ECs) contain metals that transfer to the aerosol upon heating and may present health hazards. This study analyzed 4th-generation EC pod atomizer design features and characterized their elemental/metal composition. Methods Eleven EC pods from six brands/manufacturers were purchased at local shops and online. Pods were dissected and imaged using a Canon EOS Rebel SL2 camera. Elemental analysis and mapping of atomizer components was done using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Results EC pods varied in size and design. The internal atomizer components were similar across brands except for variations occurring mainly in the wicks and filaments of some products. The filaments were either Elinvar (nickel, iron, and chromium) (36.4%), nichrome (36.4%), iron-chromium (18.2%), or nickel (9%). Thick wires present in 55% of the atomizers were mainly nickel and were joined to filaments by brazing. Wire-connector joints were Elinvar. Metal air tubes were made of Elinvar (50%), nickel, zinc, copper, and tin (37.5%), and nickel and copper (12.5%). Most of the wick components were silica, except for two pods (PHIX and Mico), which were mainly ceramic. Connectors contained gold-plated nickel, iron-chromium multiple alloys of nickel, zinc, gold, iron, and copper. Wick chambers were made of Elinvar. Outer casings were either nickel, copper-tin, or nickel-copper alloys. Magnets were nickel with minor iron, copper, and sulfur. Some frequently occurring elements were high in relative abundance in atomizer components. Conclusions The atomizers of pods are similar to previous generations, with the introduction of ceramic wicks and magnets in the newer generations. The elements in EC atomizers may transfer into aerosols and adversely affect health and accumulate in the environment.
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Al-Najar, Ghassan Adnan, Nawras A. Al-Faiz, and Jalal M. Al-Noor. "Bioaccumulation for some heavy metals in organs of Lethrinus nebulosus and concentrations in water and sediment Iraqi marine water." Iraqi Journal of Aquaculture 14, no. 1 (November 2, 2021): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.58629/ijaq.v14i1.85.
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The concentrations of heavy metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead and cobalt) were studied in many organs (muscle, liver, gonads and gills) of Lethrinus nebulosus fish hunted from the Iraqi marine waters, as well as, the water and sediments of the area. Metals concentration were measured by Flame atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the highest values were recorded for iron 286.65 μg /g (dry weight) and the least concentration was for lead 1.74 μg /g (dry weight), nickel , copper and cobalt recorded (6.29, 9.89 and 19.71) μg /g (dry weight) respectively. Results showed that fish body parts that accumulated the metals were as follows: gills, liver, gonads and muscle, whereas the sequence of metals in fish body was as follows: iron, cobalt, copper, nickel and lead, whereas the sequence of metals according to season were: summer, spring, winter, autumn, winter. The results showed that the highest heavy metals concentrations of the sediment in winter was1250.98 65 μg /g (dry weight), while the lowest concentrations of heavy metals in water, was for lead and nickel 0.43 and 0.18 μg /L respectively, and in iron, cobalt and copper 4.11, 3.93 and 3.38 μg /L respectively.
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Vukojevic, Vanja, Marko Sabovljevic, and S. Jovanovic. "Mosses accumulate heavy metals from the substrata of coal ash." Archives of Biological Sciences 57, no. 2 (2005): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0502101v.
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Plants that are able to accumulate and tolerate extraordinarily high concentrations of heavy metals (hyperaccumulators) can be used for phytoremediation (removal of contaminants from soils) or phytomining (growing a crop of plants to harvest the metals). Two moss species, Bryum capillare Hedw. and Ceratodon purpureus Hedw., were tested as potential phytoremedies under in vivo conditions on a coal ash disposal site in the surroundings of Obrenovac (NW Serbia). The content of various heavy metals (iron, manganese zinc, lead, nickel, cadmium, and copper) in the mosses and substrata were investigated over a period of three years. Iron and zinc were found to have the highest concentration in the mosses.
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Dokpikul, Thanittra, Paweena Chaoprasid, Kritsakorn Saninjuk, Sirin Sirirakphaisarn, Jaruwan Johnrod, Sumontha Nookabkaew, Rojana Sukchawalit, and Skorn Mongkolsuk. "Regulation of the Cobalt/Nickel Efflux OperondmeRFin Agrobacterium tumefaciens and a Link between the Iron-Sensing Regulator RirA and Cobalt/Nickel Resistance." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 15 (May 27, 2016): 4732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01262-16.
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ABSTRACTTheAgrobacterium tumefaciensC58 genome harbors an operon containing thedmeR(Atu0890) anddmeF(Atu0891) genes, which encode a transcriptional regulatory protein belonging to the RcnR/CsoR family and a metal efflux protein belonging to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family, respectively. ThedmeRFoperon is specifically induced by cobalt and nickel, with cobalt being the more potent inducer. Promoter-lacZtranscriptional fusion, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and DNase I footprinting assays revealed that DmeR repressesdmeRFtranscription through direct binding to the promoter region upstream ofdmeR. A strain lackingdmeFshowed increased accumulation of intracellular cobalt and nickel and exhibited hypersensitivity to these metals; however, this strain displayed full virulence, comparable to that of the wild-type strain, when infecting aNicotiana benthamianaplant model under the tested conditions. Cobalt, but not nickel, increased the expression of many iron-responsive genes and reduced the induction of the SoxR-regulated genesodBII. Furthermore, control of iron homeostasis via RirA is important for the ability ofA. tumefaciensto cope with cobalt and nickel toxicity.IMPORTANCEThe molecular mechanism of the regulation ofdmeRFtranscription by DmeR was demonstrated. This work provides evidence of a direct interaction of apo-DmeR with the corresponding DNA operator siteinvitro. The recognition site for apo-DmeR consists of 10-bp AT-rich inverted repeats separated by six C bases (5′-ATATAGTATACCCCCCTATAGTATAT-3′). Cobalt and nickel cause DmeR to dissociate from thedmeRFpromoter, which leads to expression of the metal efflux genedmeF. This work also revealed a connection between iron homeostasis and cobalt/nickel resistance inA. tumefaciens.
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Zhu, Yanbo, Xiaohong Chen, Ping Liu, Shaoli Fu, Honglei Zhou, and Jiayan Wu. "Effect of iron on the composition and structure of corrosion product film formed in 70/30 copper-nickel alloy." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 68, no. 2 (April 9, 2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2021-2422.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of changes in iron content in 70/30 copper–nickel alloy on the corrosion process. Design/methodology/approach 70Copper–30Nickel-xFe-1Mn (x = 0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 Wt.%) alloy were prepared by the high frequency induction melting furnace. The scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to analyze the morphology and component of the corrosion product film. Findings The results show that the corrosion resistance of 70/30 copper–nickel alloy added with 1.0%Fe is the best, and the film is divided into inner dense Cu2O composite film and outer hydration loose layer; XRD showed that after adding 1.0% Fe, the content of Cu2(OH)3Cl in the corrosion product film was significantly reduced, while the content of Cu2O remained unchanged; XPS showed that nickel accumulates in the inner layer of corrosion product film; the stage growth mode of the film, the role of nickel in it and the enrichment mechanism of iron in the inner film were summarized and discussed. Originality/value The changes in the composition and structure of the corrosion product film caused by the iron content are revealed, and the mechanism of the difference in corrosion resistance is discussed.
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Abrar, B., M. Halali, and A. Pourfathi. "Recovery of Nickel from Reformer Catalysts of Direct Reduction, Using the Pressurized Dissolving Method in Nitric Acid." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 5 (October 23, 2016): 1158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.731.
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In the process of direct reduction of iron pellet and production of sponge iron, NiO/Al2O3 act as a catalyst for the generation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by vapor and natural gas. As an expensive material used in MIDREX method for steel units, this type of catalyst has major environmental problems after accumulation. The steel industry in Iran hopes to employ the MIDREX technique for the 80 percent of the 50 million tons of steel. Thus, the problem of spent catalysts will become a serious environmental challenge. Through the hydrometallurgy method, the present study investigates a possible solution to the problem of catalyst depot (due to heavy metals such as nickel) via nickel recovery, which may increase the possibility of selling or re-using the precious and expensive metal. The present research studied the Nickel recovery from spent catalysts of NiO/Al2O¬3 used in reduction gas reliefs of the production of sponge iron unit. In this study, the parameters of temperature, concentration, time and Rpm were studied using pressurized dissolving method. 100% efficiency was achieved at 140 °C for 120 minutes, nitric acid concentration of 1.5 mm, Rpm of 600 and 40 s/l 40 grams per liter.
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Olshanskaya, L. N., E. N. Lazareva, and E. V. Yakovleva. "INFLUENCE OF THE PYROKATEKHIN COMPLEX FORMING AGENT ON THE EXTRACTION OF NICKEL AND NICKEL HYDROXIDE FROM GALVANO SLIDES AND THE STUDY OF CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRODES MADE FROM Ni(OH)2." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 23, no. 5 (2021): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2021-23-5-90-95.
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The problems of enterprises of the chemical and machine-building industries, which have a negative impact on the state of the natural environment, are considered. The galvanic workshops and areas available in their structure belong to categories 1-3 of hazard classes due to the use of solutions and the resulting wastewater containing various heavy metals.On the territory of these workshops, a large amount of galvanic sludge (GS) is formed and accumulates, containing such toxic components as nickel, zinc, iron, copper, chromium, lead, cadmium, etc., which have a high toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effect on living organisms. However, when finding an effective method for processing, GS can serve as a source of obtaining valuable components, in particular metals and their compounds. The work carried out selective extraction of nickel ions contained in galvanic sludge into a solution with addition of pyrocatekhin (PC) in the concentration range of 50-250 g/l (step 50 g/l). It was found that the optimal concentration of catechol for the extraction of Ni2+ ions was Cpc = 50 g/l. With an increase in the concentration of PC, the concentration of extracted nickel ions increases (from 12.4 to 18.2 mg / ml), however, at high concentrations of PC (100–250 g / L), a thick suspension is formed, which is practically not amenable to filtration. During the subsequent processing of the resulting solution of 40% NaOH in the range of pH = 7.2 ÷ 9.5, Ni(OH)2 hydroxide was precipitated, which met the requirements of TU 48 3 63 90 "Nickel nitrous hydrate". It was used as a component of the active mass of nickel-cadmium (iron) battery cathodes. The electrochemical characteristics of the obtained cathodes have been studied and it has been shown that, in terms of their operating parameters, they are not inferior to industrial Ni(OH)2 electrodes. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the proposed technology for extracting nickel hydroxide from metal-containing galvanic sludge can be used to manufacture the active mass of nickel-cadmium (iron) batteries cathodes and is promising.
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Indra Kusuma, Riko Ardiansyah, Hashari Kamaruddin, Mega Fatimah Rosana, and Euis Tintin Yuningsih. "Geokimia Endapan Nikel Laterit di Tambang Utara, Kecamatan Pomalaa, Kabupaten Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengara." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.20.2.85-92.
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Pomalaa is administratively located in Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The nickel mining business area in Pomalaa is managed by State-Owned Enterprises and Private Enterprises. Pomalaa is a sub-district that has natural resources in the form of nickel. Nickel Laterite deposits is a result weathering of ultramafic rock that is leaching process and accumulates in the supergen enrichment zone. The lateritization factor is controlled by lithology, morphology, and structure. In general, the profile of laterite nickel deposits in the North Mine area from top to bottom consists of top soil, limonite, saprolite, and bedrock zones. The laterite nickel precipitate in the North Mine shows varying thickness, based on color, texture, size and mineral composition. Laterite deposits from drilling results reaches an range of 25 - 30 meters. Soil and rocks sampling from each laterite zone every meter resulting from drilling are carried out by laboratory testing using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) analysis method with 283 total sample. High Ni element show enrichment in the saprolite zone, whereas in the high Fe (iron) element in the limonite zone.Keywords: nickel, laterite, geochemical, Pomalaa
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Indra Kusuma, Riko Ardiansyah, Hashari Kamaruddin, Mega Fatimah Rosana, and Euis Tintin Yuningsih. "Geokimia Endapan Nikel Laterit di Tambang Utara, Kecamatan Pomalaa, Kabupaten Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengara." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v20i2.418.
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Pomalaa is administratively located in Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The nickel mining business area in Pomalaa is managed by State-Owned Enterprises and Private Enterprises. Pomalaa is a sub-district that has natural resources in the form of nickel. Nickel Laterite deposits is a result weathering of ultramafic rock that is leaching process and accumulates in the supergen enrichment zone. The lateritization factor is controlled by lithology, morphology, and structure. In general, the profile of laterite nickel deposits in the North Mine area from top to bottom consists of top soil, limonite, saprolite, and bedrock zones. The laterite nickel precipitate in the North Mine shows varying thickness, based on color, texture, size and mineral composition. Laterite deposits from drilling results reaches an range of 25 - 30 meters. Soil and rocks sampling from each laterite zone every meter resulting from drilling are carried out by laboratory testing using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) analysis method with 283 total sample. High Ni element show enrichment in the saprolite zone, whereas in the high Fe (iron) element in the limonite zone.Keywords: nickel, laterite, geochemical, Pomalaa
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Indra Kusuma, Riko Ardiansyah, Hashari Kamaruddin, Mega Fatimah Rosana, and Euis Tintin Yuningsih. "Geokimia Endapan Nikel Laterit di Tambang Utara, Kecamatan Pomalaa, Kabupaten Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengara." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.v20i2.418.
Full textAbstract:
Pomalaa is administratively located in Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The nickel mining business area in Pomalaa is managed by State-Owned Enterprises and Private Enterprises. Pomalaa is a sub-district that has natural resources in the form of nickel. Nickel Laterite deposits is a result weathering of ultramafic rock that is leaching process and accumulates in the supergen enrichment zone. The lateritization factor is controlled by lithology, morphology, and structure. In general, the profile of laterite nickel deposits in the North Mine area from top to bottom consists of top soil, limonite, saprolite, and bedrock zones. The laterite nickel precipitate in the North Mine shows varying thickness, based on color, texture, size and mineral composition. Laterite deposits from drilling results reaches an range of 25 - 30 meters. Soil and rocks sampling from each laterite zone every meter resulting from drilling are carried out by laboratory testing using XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) analysis method with 283 total sample. High Ni element show enrichment in the saprolite zone, whereas in the high Fe (iron) element in the limonite zone.Keywords: nickel, laterite, geochemical, Pomalaa
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Horvatic, M., M. Gacic, and I. Vedrina-Dragojevic. "Accumulation of Iron, Copper, Manganese and Nickel during Maize Grain Maturation." Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 182, no. 2 (April 1999): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-037x.1999.00278.x.
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Al-Najare, G. A., A. A. Jaber, A. A. Hantoush, and A. H. Talal. "Accumulation of some heavy metals in Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) collected from Shatt Al-Arab River." Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences 31, no. 2 (April 7, 2022): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v31i2.97.
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In the present study, the concentrations of various heavy metals including copper, nickel, lead, cadmium, iron and manganese were investigated in several organs (muscles of head, muscles of trunks, muscles of tails, liver, gills, gonads and intestine) of Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) which was collected from Shatt Al-Arab river during the period between February 2013 and September 2013. Heavy metal concentrations were measured by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results of the heavy metals during study period showed that the highest concentration was 41.910 µg/g (dry weight) for iron between February and March, whereas the least concentration was 0.036 µg/g (dry weight) for lead between June and July. Also, they showed that the highest concentration was 27.470 µg/g (dry weight) for iron in liver, whereas the least concentration was 0.003 µg/g (dry weight) for lead in muscles of tails.
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Karpovich, Z. A., and E. I. Zhimulev. "Experimental Modeling of Diamond Formation Processes in Fe-C-S System at High P-T Parameters." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Earth Sciences 34 (2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3402.2020.34.67.
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The problem of diamond formation, despite the huge amount of accumulated information, has not been finally resolved. Currently, the most well-established hypothesis is that the diamond will be formed as a result of metasomatosis. According to this theory, the source of carbon were fluids of C-H-O-N-S composition. There are still questions concerning the environment for diamond crystallization. One of the most common inclusions in diamonds from kimberlite tubes are sulfides. They are also represented in diamondiferous xenoliths of peridotite and eclogite from diamondiferous tubes, but their quantity in diamonds is still higher in comparison with xenoliths. Modern scientific researches allow to assert that large diamonds, such as Kullinan (3106 carats), Koh-i-Noor, etc., were formed at great depths of about 360 – 750 km. Inclusions in these diamonds are, along with silicate minerals, iron-nickel alloy, iron-nickel carbide and sulfide (pyrrhotite). The present study is devoted to studying the model growth environment of a diamond in the Fe-C-S system with a sulfur content of 3 wt. % in relation to iron. The experiments of 0.5 hours duration were carried out at 6 GPa and 1450 С on a high-pressure apparatus of "cutting sphere" type. As a result, diamond synthesis was obtained. The following phases were recorded during the analysis of growth medium composition (metal-sulfide sintering): solid solution of carbon in iron, iron sulfide, iron carbide. Iron sulfide is represented by pyrrhotite. Thus, the phases established in solid products of the experiments fully correspond to the phases isolated from inclusions of natural diamonds.
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SALIU, J. K., U. D. UKWA, and B. AKINSANYA. "MALAPTERURUS ELECTRICUS, (GMELIN 1789), AND ITS PARASITES, AS HEAVY METAL BIOMONITORS IN LEKKI LAGOON, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN: 2276-7029) 5, no. 2 (March 26, 2022): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/njls.v5i2.263.
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The concentration of some heavy metals, Lead, Nickel, Zinc and Iron from the waters, sediment and liver of Malapterurus electricus collected from Lekki Lagoon were investigated. The parasites found inside M.electricus were also investigated for these metals. The concentration of Pb, Ni, Zn and Fe in the liver of M . electricus exceeded the WHO (1993) approved limits and were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those found in the water and sediment of the Lagoon (Pb, 0.976 + 0.79mg/kg, Fe, 24.54 + 55.07mg/kg, Zn, 6.83 + 8.20mg/kg and Ni, 34.20 + 6.26mg/kg). The concentration of Ni (0.089 + 0.050mg/kg), Zn (0.80 + 0.036mg/kg) and Fe (0.950 + 0.030mg/kg) were higher in the sediment than the water samples (Ni, 0.039 + 0.004mg/kg, Zn, 0.175 + 0.019mg/kg and Fe, 0.150 + 0.028mg/kg). The bioaccumulation factors showed that the trend of metal accumulation from the water and sediment and the liver of M. electricus was Fe > Pb > Zn > Ni. Concentrations of Pb, Fe and Zn were higher in females than male, although not significant. M. electricus with condition factors lower than 1.4 (< 1.4) accumulated more of Pb, Zn and Ni while those with condition factor greater than 1.4 (> 1.4) accumulated only Fe. The parasito fauna of M. electricus includes Electrotaenia malopteruri, ( Cestoda) and Procamallanus longus (Nematoda). Both E. malopteruri and P. longus accumulated more heavy metals than the liver of M. electricus. E. malopteruri accumulated 8.6 times more Pb, 3 times more Fe, 43 times more Zn and 4 times more Ni while P. longus accumulated 8.5 times more Pb, 4 times more Fe, 27 times more Zn and 5 times more Nickel than the liver of M . electricus. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of fin fish poses a significant threat to the health of end users. Continuous bio monitoring of aquatic ecosystems and enforcement of regulatory laws is therefore essential
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Oketayo, Oyebamiji O., Aduragbemi O. Oke, Fredrick O. Adeyemi, Rufus T. Akinnubi, Enoch O. Ajao, and Olushola S. Ayanda. "Determination of the Levels of Heavy Metals in Soil and Vegetable Samples from Selected Areas around Auto-bodywork Mechanic Workshops in Iworoko-Ekiti, Nigeria using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry." FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.795.
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This study identified and determined levels of eighteen heavy metals in six soil and twelve vegetable samples (Talinum triangulare and Amaranthus hybridus) from selected automobile workshops at Iworoko Ekiti using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF). Identical samples were also collected outside this neighborhood as control and analyzed using the same analytical technique. The results indicated that the observed heavy metals in the samples from the sites and control were within the range (1.044-3180.224) mg/kg and (1.002-1845.744) mg/kg. The soil samples were slightly enriched in vanadium, manganese, nickel, copper ,zinc, arsenic, selenium and rubidium (Enrichment Factor (EF) = 1.033 – 2.179). Significant differences also exist between the levels of calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, arsenic, and yttrium (at p < 0.05, t = 0.00002 – 0.03950). The accumulation factors of the vegetable samples in Amaranthus hybridus were in the range 0.0006 – 824.1057 and those of Talinum triangulare were in the range 0.00019 – 338.76885. The relatively higher levels of chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc and arsenic in the vegetable samples from the sites compared with WHO/FEPA permissible limits was an indication of contamination: The consumption of vegetables in such an environment could be detrimental to health.
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Marcus, P., and I. Olefjord. "The Dissolution and Passivation of a Single-Crystal Ni50Fe50 Alloy and the Influence of Sulfur Studied by Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis." Corrosion 42, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1.3584890.
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Abstract Surface composition changes that occur during the dissolution and passivation of a single-crystal Ni50Fe50 (100) alloy were investigated by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). When the alloy is exposed to sulfuric acid (0.05 M), the nickel concentration on the surface increases from 50 to 85%. This enrichment of nickel on the surface is also found after dissolution of the alloy in the active region. The passive film is formed by a nickel oxide layer on the alloy surface, with nickel and iron hydroxides on the oxide surface. Alloys containing sulfur in solid solution exhibit a completely different electrochemical and corrosion behavior. Sulfur segregates on the surface during dissolution of the alloy. A monolayer of sulfur present on the surface hinders the formation of the passive film. Further accumulation of sulfur on the surface causes the formation of nickel sulfide islands. These sulfide islands grow and cover ∼ 30% of the surface, and the rest of the surface is covered by adsorbed sulfur. The passive film cannot be formed on this surface, and the alloy is actively corroded in the potential range where a sulfur-free alloy is normally passivated.
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Parmar, Priyanka, and Hélène Niculita-Hirzel. "The Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Shower System Biofilms: Implications for Emissions and Indoor Human Exposure." Pollutants 3, no. 3 (August 27, 2023): 396–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pollutants3030027.
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Biofilms play a crucial role in absorbing various metals from water, including copper, lead, iron, chromium, nickel, zinc, cadmium, and barium. While their presence was revealed in shower system biofilms, the factors affecting metal accumulation in shower system biofilms were poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate the capacity of shower hose biofilms to accumulate heavy metals, in particular in biofilms growing in energy-efficient showerhead systems, and evaluate the potential emission in water and aerosols of metal pollutants during showering. The adsorption efficiency of various metals in biofilms was assessed by ICP/MS and revealed that biofilms accumulate metals as they age and as biofilm biomass increases, indicating a potential influence of heavy metals on biofilm ecology. Furthermore, the study examined the emission of heavy metals during showering and found that it was sporadic and limited primarily to copper and zinc. These findings raise concerns regarding the role of biofilms in both retaining and releasing metal contaminants in water distribution systems, as well as the associated risk of inhalation during showering. By shedding light on the accumulation dynamics of heavy metals in shower hose biofilms and their potential emission patterns, this research highlights the need for further investigation into the impact of biofilms on water quality and human exposure to metal pollutants. The findings underscore the importance of considering biofilm-related processes when addressing the overall management of heavy metal contamination in shower systems and its potential implications for public health.
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Panyushkina, A. E., N. V. Fomchenko, and M. I. Muravyov. "Comparison of Bio- and Ferric Leaching for Beneficiation of Bulk Copper-Nickel Sulfidic Concentrate." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1046, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1046/1/012005.
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Abstract Processing of sulfidic raw materials, including bulk concentrates of nonferrous metals, is a problem of current importance in metallurgy and waste recycling. In this study, leaching with a chemical ferric iron reagent was compared to two bio-approaches to process a bulk copper-nickel concentrate: (1) ferric leaching with a solution obtained by microbial oxidation and (2) stirred-tank bioleaching using an active acidophilic microbial community. The results of both the chemical and bio-processes indicated nickel dissolution, while copper was accumulated in leach residues. After short-term high-temperature leaching with the chemical or bio- solution (Fe3+, 10 g/L), the nickel content in solids decreased by 0.7 and 2.6%, respectively, while the copper content slightly increased (by 1.5–3.2%). Bioleaching at 40°C was characterized by a considerably higher efficacy of the process: nickel leaching reached 86.7%, and the copper content increased by ~5% in the bioleach residue. Based on these results, ferric leaching can be considered an inefficient method for selective nickel removal, while bioleaching may be a promising cost-effective approach characterized by relatively low environmental hazards to obtain a high-grade copper product. Moreover, ferric leaching with the bio-solution can improve the grade of monometallic sulfidic concentrates due to additional selective nickel extraction.
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Malanchuk, Zynovii, Viktor Moshynskyi, Yevhenii Malanchuk, Valerii Korniienko, and Mykola Koziar. "Results of Research into the Content of Rare Earth Materials in Man-Made Phosphogypsum Deposits." Key Engineering Materials 844 (May 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.844.77.
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According to the materials of the Rivne exploration expedition in Rivne region more than 15.3 million tons of phosphogypsum materials in rock dumps are stored. For further use and recycling of waste, it is necessary to evaluate the content of rare earth elements in phosphogypsum, which are of considerable economic value. The possible recycling of this production will increase the level of environmental safety through the use of more reliable engineering systems for the environmentally safe storage of phosphogypsum rock dumps. The migration of phosphorus, fluorine, sulfur, copper, chromium, manganese, zinc, lead, cadmium, iron, nickel and cobalt along the profile of the artificial ground cross-section was investigated experimentally. The results of studies confirmed the increased accumulation of metal in the phosphogypsum rock dumps. Analyzing the content of nickel, lead, sulfur, manganese, cobalt and zinc in experimental samples, we observe the distribution pattern, the content of which in samples is 2 – 3 times higher than the content of trace elements of the above-mentioned groundwater deposits. The results of the sorption and desorption of nickel, lead, sulfur, manganese, cobalt and zinc indicate that the rock is not an obstacle to the migration of trace elements and its aggregates in the rock and is observed only in the zone of full water saturation due to the filling of pore space. The conducted researches established the presence of phosphogypsum in man-made wastes of nickel, lead, cobalt, zinc, iron with a percentage content up to 1% per ton of rock waste.
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Chen, Wei-Sheng, Yu-Chi Chen, and Cheng-Han Lee. "Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Iron, Nickel, and Chromium from Stainless Steel Sludge with Emphasis on Solvent Extraction and Chemical Precipitation." Processes 10, no. 4 (April 12, 2022): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040748.
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Stainless steel has a variety of applications nowadays because of its mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The large-scale machinery made up of stainless steel has an outstanding performance and endurance for manufacturing industries. However, stainless steel scraps accumulate with a lubricant to form sludge during the operation. To reduce the environmental hazards caused by sludge, this research attempts to construct a hydrometallurgical process to recover iron, nickel, and chromium from the sludge. The experiments could be divided into four parts. First, calcination was adopted to remove the oil and water content. The factors that have impacts on the leaching efficiency, such as the type of acid and the calcination temperature, were investigated in the second part. It was optimal that the sludge was calcined at 300 ℃ for 8 h and leached by 4 mol/L HCl. The results revealed that the leaching percentages of iron, nickel, and chromium were 97.6%, 98.1%, and 95.7%, respectively. In the two-stage solvent extraction procedure, Fe(III) could be efficiently recovered by using 0.1 mol/L bis(2-ethlhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) at pH 1.5 with an Aqueous/Organic ratio of 1 over 10 min. The results indicated that the extraction percentage of Fe(III) was beyond 99%. Eventually, the recoveries of nickel and chromium were respectively 99.5% and 75% through chemical precipitation.
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Malik, D. S., Rashmi Yadav, and Pawan K. Bharti. "Accumulation of heavy metals in crop plants through irrigation of contaminated ground water in Panipat region." Environment Conservation Journal 5, no. 1-3 (December 19, 2004): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2004.0512313.
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In the modern industrialization period, most of water resources had affected enormously by seepage, leaching and intermixing of industrial effluents. The textile effluents had consisting high concentrations of trace heavy metals and through its accumulations in different trophic levels of ecosystem ultimately cause the health hazards among livestock and human beings. The different crop plant samples collected from agriculture fields adjoining of textile industrial effluent flowing channels contained in situ these heavy metals e.g. Lead (pb), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn). The bioremediation processes are urgently required to combat ground water pollution.
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Ozturk, Munir, Volkan Altay, and Faruk Karahan. "Studies on Trace Elements Distributed in Glycyrrhiza Taxa in Hatay-Turkey." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 3, no. 02 (July 31, 2017): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v3i02.10431.
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Glycyrrhiza is a widely distributed plant used as herbal medicine in Turkey and other parts of the world. The roots and stolons have been used in the traditional herbal treatments for over 4000 years. In this investigation we have tried to determine some trace elements (chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel and zinc) in the plant parts (root, stem and leaves) of Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera, G. flavescens ssp. flavescens and G. echinata as well as the soil samples supporting these taxa in Hatay region of Turkey. The results of analysis have revealed that the minimum and maximum concentrations measured in the plant parts are chromium (0.0000-0.0590 ppm), copper (0.0465-0.4495 ppm), iron (0.4200-9.2650 ppm), manganese (0.0000-0.6910 ppm), nickel (0.0050-0.8400 ppm), and zinc (0.0000-0.7200 ppm). In the soil the concentrations of chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickle and zinc vary between 0.0000-0.0393, 0.0725-1.9745, 1.1500-13.5400, 0.6700-24.2250, 0.0350-57.1700 and 0.0000-0.9400 ppm respectively. The aim of this study was to draw attention to the use of Glycyrrhiza taxa in traditional medicine. The levels of accumulation of trace elements in different parts of Glycyrrhiza taxa are different and depend on the habitat. The results obtained indicate that the values in the natural liquorice populations in general are less than toxic levels.
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Berthod, Patrice, and Lionel Aranda. "Thermal Expansion Behaviour of Ternary Nickel-Based, Cobalt-Based, and Iron-Based Alloys Containing Very High Fractions of Carbides." ISRN Metallurgy 2012 (October 31, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/750914.
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Some of the wear-resistant pieces or coatings, constituted of a metallic matrix and of carbides present in high fractions, are a mix, in similar quantities, of two materials displaying greatly different levels of hardness but also of thermal expansion coefficient. When temperature increases, the second difference of property may lead to particular geometrical behaviours. To study these differences, nine nickel-based, cobalt-based, and iron-based alloys containing very high quantities of carbides were elaborated by foundry. In their as-cast conditions, the microstructures of these alloys were characterized; their hardness and thermal expansion until 1200°C were measured and analysed, with regard to the evolution of the structures predicted by thermodynamic calculations. The hardness of the alloys is high (nickel alloys) or very high (cobalt and iron alloys, 600 Hv and more) while the thermal expansion is greatly influenced by carbides, notably when temperature has become very high. Some of the variations of thickness at the end of heating or during an isothermal stage at 1200°C, essentially contraction, directly result from the mechanical interaction between matrix and carbides which was accumulated during the heating.
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Veselovsky, Alexandr, and Stanislav Lagutkin. "Waste-free processing of waste nickel slags." Ores and metals, no. 1 (April 7, 2023): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-5997-2023-10005.
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The paper considers one of possible options for the waste-free processing of dumped masses of nickel slags, accumulated over the years of operation of some enterprises. This process includes the use of hydroand pyrometallurgical processing, which results in three products: iron sulfate, ferrosilicon with a small admixture of aluminum, and slag from the ferrosilicon smelting. The slag has a hardness of 7-7.5 Mohs and can be used as an abrasive powder for sandblasting, or as a raw material for production of high alumina cement. The resulting iron sulfate can subsequently be purified from the copper, nickel, magnesium, and aluminum impurities and brought to the existing GOST compositional requirements. The resulting ferrosilicon, whose silicon content is similar to that of the marked ferrosilicon FS 75 with an aluminum admixture, can be used for deoxidation and silicon alloying of all existing grades of steels and cast irons. In this case, specifications drawn up with participation of a consumer enterprise can be a regulatory document for such ferrosilicon. The slag obtained during the ferrosilicon smelting can also be defined within the framework of these specifications for the abrasive powder producing enterprises.
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Pekol, Sefa. "Siyez Buğdayına (Triticum monococcum) Metal İşleme Sıvısı Etkilerinin ICP-OES Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 9 (September 16, 2018): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i9.1297-1302.2148.
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The metal accumulation levels in the Siyez wheat exposed to the waste metal processing fluid were determined separately by ICP-OES measurements on the stem and root. According to the amount of metalworking fluid in the experimental groups, the root was up to twice as high as the iron, manganese and chromium control group. The iron, manganese and aluminium in the plant stem increased twice, and also the increase tendency of zinc and nickel was observed. The growth of the Siyez wheat has been significantly inhibited. As the metal processing fluid ratio increased, the development of the plant decreased. 1MS / 20 Water lost its plant viability in the experimental group. In the ecosystem, waste metal processing liquids for rainwater, surface waters and aquifers can pose a serious threat.
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Alik, Ourida, Salah Eddine Oudainia, Souhila Bouchebbah, Aicha Dehbi-Zebboudj, and Fatiha Zerouali-Khodja. "Heavy Metal and Trace Element Bioaccumulation in Muscle and Liver of the Merlu (Merluccius merluccius Linneaus, 1758) from the Gulf of Bejaia in Algeria." Ekológia (Bratislava) 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2021-0011.
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Abstract This preliminary study aims at assessing a contamination level of Bejaia Gulf by some Metallic Trace Elements (MTEs) such as zinc, iron, copper, nickel, lead and cadmium. The use of hake, Merluccius merluccius (Linneaus, 1758) as a bio-indicator of these heavy metals, made it possible to put in an obvious the presence of these micropollutants at the level of two target organs, the liver, detoxifying organ and the muscle, the most prized part by consumer. The MTE assays are performed using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). As for the fish contamination level, it is referred to the guide values of the WHO, FAO and Algerian recommendations. Within the framework of our study, the recorded values show that hake accumulates all metal pollutants being analyzed. Iron and zinc exhibit the highest concentration, the presence of nickel and copper were also recorded. Lead and cadmium have critical concentrations exceeding even Algerian standards. These results revealed no significant difference in both sexes and in both target organs. However, the study indicates considerable contamination in young fish with significant concentrations according to established standards. These data reveal that Merluccius merluccius is a bio-indicator of marine pollution in the Gulf of Bejaia.
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Nwoko, C. I. A., L. N. Ukiwe, and U. U. Egereonu. "SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH IN OGUTA LAKE, NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 10, no. 7 (October 24, 2014): 2929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v10i7.6807.
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Concentrations of heavy metals iron (Fe), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), were determined in the head of four fish species, namely, Trachinotus goreensis, Clarias anguillaris, Synodontis membranaceous, and Tilapia zilli, in Oguta Lake, Nigeria. Result obtained from analyses using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) revealed that Fe (13.309 mg/l) was the highest metal accumulated by the fish (S. membranaceous) in October, while Hg and As were not detected in all the fish species except in July where 0.003 and 0.005mg/l of As were detected in the fish species (T. zilli and C. anguillaris), and November where 0.001 mg/l of As was also detected in S. membranaceous. The distribution of HMs in the fish species revealed that, overall, Fe was the highest metal accumulated by the fish species, C. membranaceous, followed by T. goreensis. This high level of Fe accumulated by the fish species may be attributed to the fact that Fe occur at high levels in organic matter at the bottom of the Lake. So being typical bottom dwellers, the fish species were more exposed to the metal. Heavy metals were higher (not significantly) during the dry season than the rainy season. Statistically, however, seasonal variation didn’t significantly influence the accumulation of HMs by the fish species. The levels of heavy metals examined in the present study were below maximum permissible limits set by World Health Organization (WHO), indicating that the Oguta Lake is not polluted by heavy metals.
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Sedelnikova, L. L., E. P. Khramova, O. V. Chankina, Ya V. Rakshun, and D. S. Sorokoletov. "SR XRF Method Used to Study the Ecological State of Technogenic Surroundings in the Novosibirsk Region." Siberian Journal of Physics 14, no. 3 (2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-9447-2019-14-3-97-108.
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The method of X-ray fluorescence analysis involving synchrotron radiation (SR XRAF) is used to determine the element composition of soil and plants Hemerocallis hybrida hort., growing in the places of different pollution level in the Novosibirsk Oblast. It has been established that the main element pollutants of a technogenic environment, accumulated in excess concentrations in plant leaves and rhizomes are lead, nickel, iron, titanium, and chromium. The SR XRF method provides the reliable data on the content of 20 micro- and macroelements of the plants Hemerocallis hybrida, in the various industrial and transport conditions of pollution.
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Ogbonna, P. C., E. C. Nzegbule, and P. E. Okorie. "Seasonal variation in heavy metal accumulation in plants at coal mine sites and possible health risk." October 2018 2, no. 2 (October 2018): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2018.02.0088.
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Human health challenges in recent times have been attributed to consumption of food contaminated with heavy metals. Coal mining is an anthropogenic activity that releases heavy metals into the environment. This study, therefore, assessed accumulation of heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As) and iron (Fe)) in plant species in the vicinity of Akwuke and Iva coal mine in Coal city, Enugu State. The results indicate that the highest concentration of Ni (9.02 ± 0.03 mg/kg), As (0.005 ± 0.001 mg/kg) and Cd (2.16 ± 0.07 mg/kg) was accumulated in Alchornea cordifolia while the concentration of Pb (10.37 ± 0.52 mg/kg) was highest in Andropogon gayanus and Fe (231.00 ± 1.41 mg/kg) was highest in Irvingia gabonensis. The values of Ni (9.02 ± 0.03 mg/kg), As (0.005 ± 0.00 mg/kg), Pb (10.37 ± 0.32 mg/kg), Cd (2.02 ± 0.03 mg/kg), and Fe (46.00 ± 1.41 mg/kg) accumulated in A. cordifolia, A. gayanus, D. guinense, and M. indica in wet season were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than their corresponding values (5.04 ± 0.07, 8.96 ± 0.01 and 0.003 ± 0.001 mg/kg, 1.87 ± 0.07 mg/kg, and 33.45 ± 0.21 mg/kg) in dry season, respectively. Alchornea cordifolia, Andropogon gayanus and Irvingia gabonensis consumed by animals and local inhabitants in the vicinity of the two mined sites could expose them to high levels of Pb, Ni and Cd, thus posing a serious health risk to the local people.
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Katiyar, Arti, Monika Bhaskar, Amit Singh, Divakar Sharma, Amar Abhishek, and Vishal Garg. "Phytoremediation of chromium, iron and nickel by Indian Rice Plant (Oryza sativa L.): An opportunity for management of multi-metal contaminated tannery wastewaterPhytoremediation of chromium, iron and nickel by Indian Rice Plant (Oryza sativa L.): An opportunity for management of multi-metal contaminated tannery wastewater." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 3 (June 26, 2022): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(3).511.523.
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India is the largest producer of leather and leather products. Tannery industries use a large number of synthetic chemicals for the processing of leather and generate a huge amount of wastewater containing a large amount of potentially toxic heavy metals (PTHMs) making them problematic for next-door soil and water system. Currently, phytoremediation is an inexpensive green technology used to move, eradicate, and stabilized heavy metal contamination from contaminated sludge, soil, and wastewater. In this study, the accumulation and distribution of PTHMs found in tannery wastewater and their physio-biochemical effects on Oryza sativa L. have been studied by ICP-MS, GC-MS, and biochemical analysis. The plant was grown in the soil spiked with a mixture of metals (Cr, Fe and Ni) and their five-level of treatment T1 (25mg/kg); T2 (50mg/kg); T3 (100mg/kg); T4 (200mg/kg) and T5 (400mg/kg). During the experiments, various morphological attributes, oxidative stress, enzymatic activities, chlorophyll, and protein content at the different stage was measured. Further, metal accumulation pattern in different parts of plants was also measured. Results of the study revealed that plant root, shoot length, chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activities were significantly reduced after the treatment with 200 mg/kg PTHMs; whereas oxidative stress was increase compared to control levels. Further, treatment of PTHMs suggested that the rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) is well adapted to tolerate and accumulate a high level of heavy metals (up to 200mg/kg) in the root and shoot of the treated plants. If it is treated above this, then seeds were also affected and not safe for human consumption.
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Nikitina, Irуna M., Svitlana A. Smiian, Kateryna O. Kondratiuk, Natalia V. Kalashnyk, and Anzhelika A. Shevel. "CONDITIONS OF MICROELEMENTS EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN WOMEN’S PLACENTS IN INTRAUTERINE INFECTION OF THE FETUS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 7 (2020): 1434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202007123.
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The aim: to study the content of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb) in the placenta of pregnant healthy women and with signs of intrauterine infection of the fetus, features of transplacental transmission of infectious process from mother to fetus and to investigate the role of the placenta in trace element supply of the fetus. Materials and methods. 43 pregnant women between the aged 16 to 40 years were monitored, including 12 with physiological pregnancy (group 1) and 31 with signs of STI (group 2). All pregnant women underwent standard comprehensive examination, evaluation of fetal cardiac output and non-stress testing using cardio-toсography (CTG) in the third trimester. The group of pregnant women with signs of fetal ulcers included women whose pregnancy was complicated by chronic fetoplacental dysfunction (FPD), infectious lesions of the fetoplacental complex, which were diagnosed on the basis of ultrasound signs of placenta, syndrome of infectious and surrounding infections. Results: The content of essential trace elements in the placenta of the main group was significantly lower than in the placenta of the control group. There was a decrease in the concentration of iron by 32%, zinc – by 46%, nickel – by 44%, copper more than tripled, chromium – 4 times. Deficiency of essential trace elements (iron, zinc, copper, chromium, nickel) and elevated lead content in the placenta leads to the formation of conditions for the development of placental dysfunction, the progression of which leads to fetal distress, developmental delay syndrome and antenatal fetal death. Conclusions: 1. One of the links in the pathogenesis of intrauterine infection in the fetus is the imbalance of essential trace elements in the system «mother – placenta – fetus». 2. Pregnant women with signs of intrauterine infection are characterized by a deficiency of serum Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni and an increased content of Pb, Cr and Co compared with pregnant women with physiological pregnancy. 3. Umbilical cord blood of women with evidence of fetal fetal infection also has a reduced content of iron, copper, zinc and high levels of lead, cobalt and chromium. 4. Disruption of placental function in intrauterine infection of the fetus is caused by reduced content of iron, zinc, copper, nickel and lead accumulation.
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AI-Shawi, Shahinaz R. A., Hamza A. H. Kadhim, and Hamid T. Al-Saad. "Assessment of heavy metals in exchangeable sediments samples from Tigris – Euphrates and Shatt al-Arab rivers." Technology audit and production reserves 6, no. 3(68) (December 2, 2022): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2022.267794.
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The object of this study is the concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc) in sediment samples taken from the Tigris, Euphrates, and Shatt al-Arab rivers during the autumn 2021 to summer 2022. According to the analyses performed using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, showed the seasonal average of heavy metal concentrations ranges between the lowest value (7.46 µg/g) for nickel in summer and the highest value (785.08 µg/g) for iron during winter in exchangeable phase. Measurements were made of variables that influenced how heavy metals were distributed in the sediments, as shown by (total organic carbon, and grain size analysis) which revealed a relationship between the concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments and these variables, suggesting that pollution from various human activities – the main cause of the high concentrations of some heavy elements in the study area's sediments above the global natural rates. Geo Accumulation Index (I-geo) for heavy elements in the sediments was also determined, and it showed that the yearly rate of the concentrations of the metals varied between the lowest value (–6.912) of Iron and the maximum value (6.767) for cadmium. Additionally, it was determined the enrichment coefficient (EF) for the heavy elements in the sediments, where the annual rate of the metals ranged between the lowest value (3.23) for manganese and the highest value (10406.58) for cadmium, and was accounted the contamination factor (CF) for the heavy metals in the sediments, where the annual average of the metals ranged between the lowest value (0.012) for iron and the highest value (163.4) for cadmium. If our findings are compared to those of previous study, this will be lies within previous data. This is very important data it can be used as a baseline for coming study, and also used as a reference in other countries.
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Reut, Antonina Anatolyevna, and Svetlana Galimullovna Denisova. "Heavy metals and metalloids accumulation in organs of some representatives of the genus <i>Paeonia</i> L. under technogenic pollution conditions." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021104115.
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The paper examines features of heavy metals and metalloids accumulation by decorative flower crops on the example of the generic complex Paeonia L. in the urbanized environment of Ufa. The objects of the research are four species (P. peregrina Mill., P. lactiflora Pall., P. lactiflora f. rosea, P. delavayi Franch.) (Family Paeoniaceae Rudolphi) and three varieties of hybrid paeony (Appassionata, Mustai Karim, Jeanne d'Arc). The study of the elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was carried out according to the method Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in samples of food raw materials by atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization. Mathematical data processing was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics using the AgCStat software package in the form of an Excel add-in. It was revealed that in the studied samples the copper content is 4,152520,00 times higher, and the cadmium content is 0,432520,0 times lower than that of other elements. The minimum concentrations of arsenic, chromium, manganese and iron were noted in the roots; lead, cadmium and copper in the leaves; nickel in the flowers of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic and chromium was found in the leaves; lead, nickel, manganese and iron in stems; cadmium and copper in flowers. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the absolute values of the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxon of paeonies correlate with each other to a moderate and strong degree.
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Leskova, O. A., E. A. Bondarevich, N. N. Kotsyurzhinskaya, and А. P. Leskov. "Content of some heavy metals in plants of Artemisia gmelinii Web. et Stechm (Transbaikal Territory)." Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии 21, no. 1 (June 6, 2022): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2022021.
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The paper presents research data on the content of chemical elements (Fe, Mn, Ti, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni) in a plant Artemisia gmelinii Web. eх Stechm, growing on the territory of the Transbaikal Territory. It has been established that most of the studied elements are concentrated in the aboveground phytomass of the plant. The maximum average concentrations are recorded for iron, manganese and titanium. Only zinc accumulates in the leaves of the studied species. Nutrients chemical elements as copper and nickel are evenly distributed throughout the plant. For copper, zinc and lead, exceed-ances of the maximum permissible concentrations were recorded (for dry vegetables).
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Rocca, Emmanuel, Lionel Aranda, and Michel Molière. "Chemistry of Ash-Deposits on Gas Turbines Hot Parts: Reactivity of Nickel, Zinc and Iron Oxides in (Na, V, S) Molten Salts." Materials Science Forum 595-598 (September 2008): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.595-598.169.
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When ash-forming oils or contaminated distillate oils are used as fuels in land-based, marine or aero gas turbines, the hot gas path components, mainly the partition vanes and the blades of the expansion turbine are subjected to the deposition of slags that are corrosive at high temperature due to their low liquidus temperature. This hot corrosion process - if not properly inhibited - entails a dramatic life reduction of the hot gas path parts. MgO is a traditional, efficient inhibitor. Recently, it has been found that NiO also suppresses the corrosiveness of the (Na,S,V) melts by trapping vanadium in a refractory vanadate (Ni3V2O8); this compound is friable and does not tend to accumulate on turbine blades. The use of inhibitors entails losses in both machine performance and availability. Moreover, other metals can interfere with the inhibition process. In particular, zinc and iron are often inadvertently introduced in gas turbines fuels during their transportation or storage and they can significantly interact with nickel. This paper distinguishes the interactions between NiO on one hand and both ZnO and Fe2O3 on the other hand in the general complex chemistry of ash. The thermochemical study of (Na,S,V) melts in presence of Ni confirms that nickel is a good "trapper" of vanadium oxide at high temperature. However, they also show that nickel can react with iron to form the very stable ferrite NiFe2O4 and a low melting point vanadate phase. On the contrary, the presence of zinc affects to a lesser extent the reactivity of NiO versus V2O5 despite the formation of Ni1-xZnxO solid solutions.
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Akhmetova, G. V. "Geochemical features of soils in an undulating glaciolacustrine sandy plain in the middle taiga subzone of Karelia." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 100 (January 3, 2020): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-100-53-82.
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The geochemically conjugate series of soils (Albic Podzol – Albic Podzol Gleyc – Hystosol) formed on an undulating glaciolacustrine plain in the middle taiga of Karelia was investigated. Surveys for redox conditions showed them to vary from oxidizing in automorphic soils to reducing in soils occupying accumulation-favoring locations. The geochemical coefficients descriptive of the features of accumulation and directions of migration in the studied soils were calculated and analyzed. The distribution of silicic acid and a majority of sesquioxides inside the profile of the studied soils is typical of podzols. The podzolic horizons of the soils occupying interstitial positions have a faster outmigration of elements than in automorphic soils, while their Al-Fe-humic horizons accumulate aluminum, iron, titanium and phosphorus. All the soils are deficient in a majority of microelements as compared to their background levels; very low concentrations were determined for nickel, cobalt and manganese. The content of copper and sometimes zinc is at the background level. The distribution of the studied elements across the soil profile follows the accumulation-eluviation-illuviation pattern, but the scope of variation in the migration of elements varies among topographic positions. In well-drained locations microelements are quite monotonously distributed through the lower part of the soil profile, while soils in transitional landscapes have a higher differentiation of microelements. The differentiation of the catena through lateral migration is of the transient eluviation type, i.e. soils in lower-lying positions are poorer in the studied elements than soils in automorphic positions. This pattern is due to the natural characteristics of the area: low surface slope, homogeneous sandy parent material, low humus content in soil.
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Reut, Antonina, and Svetlana Denisova. "Comparative analysis of the content of heavy metals in raw materials of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L." Agrarian Bulletin of the 214, no. 11 (December 16, 2021): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2021-214-11-45-55.
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Abstract. Currently, heavy metals are considered as priority soil pollutants. It is known that the vegetative mass of agricultural crops is capable of accumulating them in large quantities. Ornamental flower crops, which firmly occupy their ecological niche, are practically not considered from this point of view. The aim of this work is to study the features of the accumulation of heavy metals in the aboveground and underground organs of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L. in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa. The objects of research were seven taxa of Paeonia (P. peregrina Mill., P. lactiflora Pall., P. lactiflora f. rosea, P. delavayi Franch., P. × hybrida Appassionata, Mustai Karim, Jeanne d’Arc). Methodology. The study of the elemental composition of the aboveground and underground parts was carried out according to the method No. M-02-1009-05 atomic spectroscopy. Mathematical data processing was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics using the AgCStat software package in the form of an Excel add-in. Scientific novelty. For the first time, different taxa and parts of Paeonia plants were taken for research. Results. It was revealed that in the studied samples the copper content is 4,15–2520,00 times higher than that of other elements. It is noted that the minimum concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, manganese and iron are noted in the roots; lead and nickel – in flowers; copper – in the leaves of the studied paeonies. The maximum content of arsenic, lead, chromium is found in the leaves; cadmium, nickel, manganese – in the stems; iron – in flowers. That is, cutting paeonies in the autumn before retirement avoids the accumulation of these microelements in the soil. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the absolute values of the concentrations of the studied elements in the considered taxa of paeonies correlate with each other to a weak and medium degree. Correlation study of pairs of elements makes it possible to assess the synergism of accumulation and its absence, which is consistent with the opinion of other authors.
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Bjorklund, Geir, Lyudmila Pivina, Maryam Dadar, Yuliya Semenova, Salvatore Chirumbolo, and Jan Aaseth. "Long-Term Accumulation of Metals in the Skeleton as Related to Osteoporotic Derangements." Current Medicinal Chemistry 27, no. 40 (November 26, 2020): 6837–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666190722153305.
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The concentrations of metals in the environment are still not within the recommended limits as set by the regulatory authorities in various countries because of human activities. They can enter the food chain and bioaccumulate in soft and hard tissues/organs, often with a long half-life of the metal in the body. Metal exposure has a negative impact on bone health and may result in osteoporosis and increased fracture risk depending on concentration and duration of metal exposure and metal species. Bones are a long-term repository for lead and some other metals, and may approximately contain 90% of the total body burden in birds and mammals. The present review focuses on the most common metals found in contaminated areas (mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, iron, and aluminum) and their effects on bone tissue, considering the possibility of the long-term bone accumulation, and also some differences that might exist between different age groups in the whole population.
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Zabulonov, Yu, T. Melnychenko, V. Kadoshnikov, and I. Peer. "Deactivation of liquid radioactive waste of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone: ways of solution." Environment & Health, no. 2 (107) (June 2023): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.02.016.
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The purpose of the study: on the basis of information analysis of modern approaches and experimental studies, to develop effective methods of decontamination of radioactively contaminated waters of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Research materials and methods. The object of our research was liquid radioactive waste stored in the sumps of one of the decontamination points for equipment and vehicles (PuSO) - the "Dibrova" facility. Modern research methods are applied - scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, laser sedimentography. The mass fraction of cesium, strontium, cobalt, and manganese was determined by the atomic absorption method using an AA-8500 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Nippon Jarrell Ash Co Ltd, Japan). The results. The effectiveness of the proposed sorbents based on nickel-potassium ferrocyanide-modified iron oxide micro- and nanotubes and iron (III) hydroxide nanoparticles, the size of which is mainly 1-100 μm, is shown. The choice of decontamination algorithm depends on the composition of liquid radioactive waste to be cleaned. To increase the degree of strontium extraction while maintaining the high efficiency of cesium and transition metal extraction, it is advisable to apply preliminary plasma chemical treatment followed by the use of sorbents based on iron oxides/hydroxides modified by ferrocyanides. Conclusions. The possibility and expediency of using the proposed method for the decontamination of liquid radioactive waste accumulated in the Chernobyl exclusion zone and for the current control of the condition of the storage sites of accumulated radioactive waste and radiation monitoring are shown.
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Reut, Antonina, Aigul Biglova, and Irina Allayarova. "Accumulation of heavy metals in the organs of herbaceous plants." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126502019.
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The purpose of the work is to establish the characteristics of the accumulation of heavy metals of aboveground and underground organs in plant samples of 8 varieties of Narcissus hybridus and Camassia cusickii in the urbanized environment of the city of Ufa. The study of the elemental composition of the samples was carried out according to the method of quantitative chemical analysis ‘Determination of As, Pb, Cd, Sn, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni in laboratory samples of food products and food raw materials by the atomic absorption method with electrothermal atomization’. It was found that the content of nickel, copper, cadmium, lead, magnesium, iron, chromium in all the samples studied does not exceed the standards specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF). The arsenic content exceeds the standards specified in the SP RF by 3.4 times. Revealed a high intensity of biological absorption of copper. It has been established that the concentrations of As, Cu, Pl, Mn, Fe in the aboveground organs are higher than in the underground part of plants; the ratio of the content of Ni, Cr, Cd in aboveground and underground organs is the same.
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Akcay, Nilay, Nevzat Batan, and Yunus Cinar. "Heavy metals in some moss species found around Camlihemsin district of Rize, Turkey." World Journal of Environmental Research 7, no. 1 (September 7, 2017): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjer.v7i1.2384.
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Abstract
In recent years, environmental safety associated with heavy metal levels of a tourism area and its surrounding areas has been one of the basic security for tourists health. Various methods have been used for measuring concentrations of heavy metal levels in these areas. Biomonitoring organisms such as mosses provide quantitative information on the quality of the environment around them, and they respond to pollution by altering their physiology or their ability to accumulate heavy metals. The aim of this study is to assess the concentration of aluminum, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, and zinc levels in five different moss species collected around Camlihemsin district of Rize, by using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Spectrometry. The average concentrations of heavy metals in moss samples were found ranged from 3.8-8.3% for aluminum, 0.1-0.47% for manganese, 2.3-3.8% for iron, 38.8-74.2 ppm for nickel, 92.1-495.3 ppm for copper, 187.3-334 ppm for zinc. This study has shown that Abietinella abietina, Hypnum cupressiforme, Plagiomnium undulate, Rhytidium rugosum, and Thuidium tamariscinum samples were used to assess the potential contamination of Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn contamination in the region and made important contributions toward the understanding of Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn baseline data can be used for identification of changes in the levels of these heavy metals in the studied area.
Keywords: Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Spectrometry, heavy metals, moss, biomonitor, environment.